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A55325 Discourse of trade, coyn, and paper credit, and of ways and means to gain, and retain riches to which is added the argument of a learned counsel upon an action of a case brought by the East-India-Company against Mr. Sands the interloper. Pollexfen, John, b. ca. 1638.; Pollexfen, Henry, Sir, 1632?-1691. Argument of a learned counsel upon an action of the case brought by the East-India-Company against Mr. Thomas Sands, an interloper. 1697 (1697) Wing P2778; ESTC R17145 112,364 258

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Discourse OF Trade Coyn and Paper Credit AND OF Ways and Means TO Gain and Retain Riches To which is added the Argument of a Learned Counsel upon an Action of the Case brought by the East-India-Company against Mr. Sands and Interloper LONDON Printed for Brabazon Aylmer at the Three Pigeons against the Royal-Exchange in Cornhil 1697. The Bookseller to the Reader THE Manuscript from which this Book was Printed coming to my Hands by a Private Conveyance without any attestation from the Author for Reasons best known to himself I were under some difficulties whither I should Print it or not having always been careful of giving offence that way till I had got it perused by some Persons of great Judgment who assuring me it was not only very Innocent and void of offence but very deserving to be Publisht for Common good therefore you have it here as it came to my Hands though not so soon as it might have come out which may happily render it not so useful as it was intended in reference to the Coyn if I had not spent so much time in advising about it If it be true that our Coyn of late Years hath been Carried out by the usual Course of Trade though what is here offered should appear against the Interest of some particular Persons that have Carried on such Trades yet it is hoped that they will not be Concern'd to see such Trades exposed being the welfare of the Nation doth so much depend upon the retaining and Increasing of the Coyn we have and using such ways and means as may be proper for that end It being the first Step to a Remedy to find out the Nature Quallity and Root of the Disease and of ill Consequence if you that have Knowledge in matters of Trade should not assume the Liberty of detecting those that are bad and too great a Priviledge for those that enjoy such Trades to deter them And what gave me further Incour agement to Print this Book was the Authors Intimation in his Conclusion that nothing in this Book was intended to reflect Impose or Mislead but rather to provoke others of better Judgment in matters of Coyn and Merchantile Affairs to Correct and amend it and offer their thoughts which as it may be necessary for the Publick so to afford me a further Employment in which shall be ready to obey Commands B. A. The Contents THE Introduction Page 1 2 Ballance of Trade no Mistery Page 3 4 Those Trades good that Export our Products Page 5 Those suspicious that Export Bullion Page 6 Against Raising our Coyn. Page 12 That will occasion great Loss to the Publick and Advantageous only to Debtors Page 24 What Governs the Price of Bullion Page 30 The necessity of Severe Laws to prevent Counterfeiting our Coyn. Page 38 The necessity of looking into Trade Page 40 Of Trade Domestick Page 41 That only Trade can Advance the Price of Lands Page 42 Of the Original of Riches Page 43 From the Labour of People Page 44 How Idleness hath Increased and how should be prevented Page 45 Of an Act for a General Naturalization Page 51 How necessary to prevent the Export of Wooll and Making false Goods Page 53 What Inquiries should be made to Discover how the Ballance of Trade stands Page 55 What Trades may be esteem'd Good Page 58 What Bad. Page 59 VVhat Effect the reducing of Interest would have Page 60 Of Paper Credit Page 63 Of Free Ports Page 78 Of the good Effects of Labour and good Husbandry Page 80 Of Sumptuary Laws Page 82 VVhat Trades have Carried out our Coyn. Page 83 That the Mony Coyned the last Reigns hath been most Exported by the French Northern and India-Trade Page 84 Of our several Trades to Spain Page 85 Portugal Page 85 Italy Page 85 Turky Page 85 Plantations Page 85 Holland Page 85 Ireland Page 85 Scotland Page 85 Hamburgh Page 85 Greenland Page 85 Russia Page 85 Swedeland Page 85 Denmark Page 85 Of the French Trade Page 92 Of the East-India Trade Page 96 Of the African Trade Page 128 Against Settling the East-India or Guiny Trade in having Joynt-Stocks Page 130 Proposals for Regulated Companys Page 139 Of Protection at Sea Page 144 Of the Book of Rates Page 146 Of the Act of Navigation and how our Navigation may regain Repute Page 147 Of the Necessity of Laws to Regulate Trade Page 147 Of the declining State of our Woollen Goods Of Ways and Means to Increase our Riches Page 150 with Proposals and Arguments to put them in Practice Page 151 The Argument of a Learned Councel upon an Action of the Case brought by the East-India-Company against Mr. Sands an Interloper The END ERRATA IN Page 5. l. 15. dele is IN Page 36 l. 13. read lend IN Page 52. l. 31. read Oppertune IN Page 57. l. 26. dele our IN Page 78. l. 1. read 500. IN Page 140. l. 16. read or out of the Gains A DISCOURSE OF TRADE and COYN OUR Naval Strength Value of Lands Increase of Riches Imployment of the Poor and Preservation of the Coyn and Bullion we have depending on Trade it is convenient that all Persons should be sensible how much the Publick as well as their Private Interest is concerned in the promoting of it that a due inspection may be made into it and such Trades as are Good and Profitable for the Nation be incouraged such as are Disadvantageous and Pernicious discouraged that the ballance may stand in our favour otherwayes whether we compleat the work begun of restoring our Coyn to its former Weight and Purity or leave it to the mercy of the Clippers we shall be in danger of being drain'd of what we have in a few Years which affords a dreadful prospect of Poverty and Insecurity Trade and Coyn have such a dependance one upon the other that they could not well be consider'd distinctly therefore though the Manner may appear confused yet the Matter may be the more intelligible the repeating or interfering with other Mens Notions that have writ upon the same Subjects could not be avoided This Kingdom is so well scituated for the carrying on of Trade so well provided with Staple Commodities fit for Foreign Markets and with Ships and Seamen to make good use of those benefits that nothing but a long supine Carelesness in matters of Trade Luxurious prodigal way of Living and Ill Management of the Advantages we have could have brought us into this Danger Hopes of Gain may be said to be the Mother of Trade No Gentleman would put his Son to be an Apprentice to any Trading Man but in Expectation he may get an Estate or at least a Livelyhood by it No Man would adventure his Money in Trade if he had not hopes thereby to increase it This drawes as the Loadstone the Needle and it is well 't is so otherwise there would be no good Reason to expect we should have much Trade Therefore in Considerations of Trade and Coyn