created CoÌ„sul the second time my selfe then beinge Consul Thinke you that if hee had lyued tyl he had bene an hundreth yere olde he wold haue bene wearye of his Oldage I graunte hee woulde neyther practize Skirmishing nor nimble leaping neyther tossing the pykes a farre of nor slashing with Swordes hand to hand but hee would vse graue counsel reason and aduisement Which points if they were not in Oldmen our Auncestors wolde neuer haue tearmed their high moste honorable counsell by the name of Senate And among the* Lacedemonians they that bare the highest Offices as they bee so also are they called Auncientes or Sages Now if you be disposed to heare and reade forrayne Examples you shal find that noble and flourishing coÌ„mon wealthes haue bene vtterly spoyled by youÌ„g youthful heades And the same by Old sage fathers to haue bene mainteined recouered Tell mee this howe came it to passe that you loste your mighty and noble common wealth in such a short space for to one that moued this Question as it is to be seene in the Booke of the Poet Neuius entituled Ludus many aunsweres were made and namelye this Forsoothe because there stepped into Offyce new vpstart Oratours foolish light headed Yonckers Lo Rashnesse is incidente to youthfull yeeres but prudence and wisdome to Oldage But the Memory is empayred I beleeue it wel vnlesse a man do exercise it or if a man bee of nature slowe and blockishe Themistocles perfectly knew the names of euery person in the Citye Do you thincke that hee when he grew into yeres vsed to call Aristides by that name of Lysimachus Surely I do know not only them that be yet aliue but their Fahers Graundfathers also Neyther feare I any whyt least when I read * Epitaphes vpoÌ„ Tombes I should as they say lose my memory For by the reading of them I am brought into remembrance of them that are dead Neither haue I heard of any * Oldman that euer forgat in what place hee had layde vp his Treasure They remember well ynoughe all such thinges as they make any accouÌ„pt of their Suretyshippes Obligations of apparauÌ„ce at certayn dayes to whoÌ„ they bee indebted and who to them What say wee to Lawyers what to Byshoppes what to the Augurs what to Philosophers that are Oldmen How many thinges do they remember Their wittes still remaine in Oldemen fresh ynough so that their study industrye continue still And this not only in noble and honorable personages but in priuate and quiet lyfe also Sophocles made Tragedies euen tyll hee was a very Oldman who being so earnestly vent to his studies that hee was supposed not to take anye care of his houshold affayres was cited to appeare before the Iudges by his owne sonnes That as our maner and custome is wheÌ„ any Parentes do negligentlye looke to their domesticall dealinges to sequestre and defeact them from the vse of theire goodes so also that the Iudges should displace him from the vse and occupatioÌ„ of his owne goodes as an Old doating Ideot Then lo the Oldeman is sayde to haue openlye recyted before the Iudges a certeine Tragedy which he then had in hand and had lately written entituled Oedipus Coloneus and after he had read the same to haue demaunded of them whether they thought that Poeticall piece of worke seemed to bee of anye doatinge fooles doinge After the recitall whereof he was by all the Iudges Sentences acquite and discharged Did Oldage cause this man or Hesiodus or Simonides or Sthesicorus or those whom I named afore Isocrates or Gorgias or Homer or the Prince of Philosophers Pythagoras or Democritê° or Plato or Socrates or afterward Zeno Cleanthes or him whom you also sawe at Rome Diogenes the Stoicke to be nonsuited or to quayle and fumble in their matters was not the practise of the studies in all these men Equall to their lyfe Goe too Let vs omit and passe ouer these deuine Studies I can name vnto you out of the coast of Sabine husbandmen my Neighbours and Familiers whom being absent there is neuer lightlye any great worke of husbandrye done in their fieldes neither in sowing in reaping nor yet in inninge of their fruicts Albeit in theÌ„ this thing is not so greatlye to bee meruailed at For there is no man so olde but thinketh that hee maye lyue one yeare longer But they also toyle about such thinges as they knowe doth nothing at all perteyne vnto them They graffe Trees which shall yelde Fruict after a great whyle to them that shall come after them as oure Statius in his worke entituled Synephoebis declareth Neither would an Husband maÌ„ be he neuer so old stick to make this auÌ„sweer to one that should aske him for whoÌ„ hee planteth soweth I doe it for the Immortal Gods whose pleasure it was that I should not only receiue these thiÌ„ges at the haÌ„ds of my Predecessors but should also surreÌ„der deliuer the same agayn to my Successors Better a great deale hath Cecilius spoken of an Olde maÌ„ labouring prouiding for his Sequele and posteritie then he doth in this folowiÌ„g Certes although Oldage wheÌ„ it coÌ„meth had none other incoÌ„uenience or mishap ioyned with it yet is this one ynough that by lyuing loÌ„g a maÌ„ seeth many things which hee would not see Yea and peraduenture hee seeth many thinges which he is right willing to see And Adolescency many times hapneth to see such thinges as it would not see But this nexte sayinge of the same Cecilius is a greate deale worse Thys also sayth hee doe I accoumpte in Oldeage moste miserable because in that Age a Man doeth feele himselfe to be odious vnto others Nay pleasaunt rather then odious For euen as Wise Oldmen take great delight in towardly and vertuous Young men their Oldage made a great deale easier which are reuerenced loued of Young men so agayne Youngmen take greate ioye and contentment in the good lessoÌ„s and Preceptes of Oldemen whereby they are induced to the studies of Vertue Neyther doe I perceiue my selfe to be any whytlesse welcome and pleasauÌ„t vnto you then you are vnto mee But now you see howe that Oldage is not only not saynt sluggish nor drowsie but is rather still busied euer doing and deuising of some what such things I meane as euery one his delyte hath bene vnto in his former life Nay how say wee to this moreouer that they are euery day learning somewhat As we haue seene by Solon who glorying in certayne verses sayed that be waxed an OldmaÌ„ by learning euery day somwhat as I my selfe also did for I learned the Greeke tongue when I was an aged man which I did so greedelye rake and snatche vnto mee as one desirous to staunche and quenche a long thirst to the intent that I might attaigne to the knowledge of those things whych you now see me to vse for Examples Which thing
had his limitation hovv much hee ought at his death to bee queathe vnto theÌ„ and al the rest of hys inheritaÌ„ce goods to desceÌ„d to the next Issue male of his kyn Four causes vvhy old age semeth miserable * The j. dispraise of Oldage Oldage is no let or hinderaÌ„ce to a man from dealing in offices or functions in the CoÌ„mon vvel the. Graue vvise couÌ„sellours the chiefe staye of a CoÌ„mon vvealths Appius Claudius Maister of a Shyppe * Who made Carthage Tributary to Rome this Scipio vtterly destroyed it There vvere alvvayes 4. Consuls 2. in Office for the yere present the other elected to succede the next yeare folovvinge The Senate hath his name of Olde men Lacedemonians Memorie not minished in Oldmen Memorye of Themistocles A foolish persvvasion that vvas in people of old time No olde man so obliuious to forget vvhere he layeth his purse Sophocles accused by his ovvn sonnes for do tag No man so old but hopeth to lyue one yeere longer Men must do good for them that come after Old men take delight in tovvardly youÌ„gmen An Olde maÌ„s good aduertisement very profitable and pleasaunt to a youÌ„g man. SoloÌ„ vvaxed Olde by learning euerye daye somvhat Cato learned the Greeke tong vvheÌ„ hee vvas an OldmaÌ„ The Second disprayse of Oldage alledged by them that saye Oldage is myserable because it maketh the bodye vveake and feble Milo repreheÌ„ded because he bevvailed his lacke of strengthe in his old age An other obiection To instructe teach youth is a necessary and excelleÌ„t Function Learned men Youth inordinate lye ledde maketh a feeble impotent Oldage Lusty Old-age of Cyrus Perfecte strength of Metellus in Old-age Nestor lyued three hundred yeres Iliad j. Agamemnon Wisdome excelleth strength Betvvene the Romaines the CarthaginiaÌ„s A mountayne in Greece through vvhich is a verye streight and narrovv passage Enoughe such Cockneyes novv a dayes Let euery man meddle vvith no more then hee can vvell compasse Milo caryed an Oxe aliue vpoÌ„ his shoulders the space of a furlong Euery age hath his proper season Masinissa kinge of Mauritani at a vvorthye and a painfull Prince ObiectioÌ„ ObiectioÌ„ YouÌ„gmeÌ„ subiect to infirmities asvvel as olde Good lessons to resist Oldeage The dyet of the bodye aptly reseÌ„bled to a Lamp DiffereÌ„ce betvvene the povvers of the mynd and the bodye Dotage Blind Appius a paterne of a noble GeÌ„tlemaÌ„ and good housholder What maketh Old age honorable Youthful Oldage Old youÌ„g age The custome of the Pytha thagoriaÌ„s The third Dispraise of Olage alledged by them that saye it is vvith out al plesures Bodilye pleasure notablye inueigh ed against by Atchitas Pleasures the Welspring of al Mischieues Dignitie of the minde A man addicted to pleasure moste vn meete for al vertuous actioÌ„s A shameful and reprochful ouerthro Oldage qualifieth all il motions Pleasure and Vertue are contraryes Vice punished vvithout any parciahtie or respect of persons A dissolute part coÌ„mitted by Flaminius to fulfill an vvhores request Epicure This man valyantly died in the defeÌ„ce his CouÌ„trey ObiectioÌ„ Hard to resist pleasures allurements Moderate Banquetting coÌ„medable and tolerable for Old-age Cybele Banquettinge and makinge merie vvyth honest coÌ„panye ConuiuiuÌ„ 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Oldage not altogether vvithout vulgare pleasures XenophoÌ„ ObiectioÌ„ Sophocles aunsvvere touching carnal cocupisceÌ„ce He that careth not for a thig cannot be sayde to lacke it An excellente player of Comaedies and counterfeicter of mens gestures What old age is plesauntest C. Gallus Oldman studious Astronomie Geometye Naeuius Plautus Liuius Andronicus Licinius Crassus Scipio The God desse of Eloquence and gallaÌ„t speach called in Greke Pitho Wee vvax older by beeing vviser Husbandrye Buddes Dygging Dunging Odyss â— Sundrye delightes of HusbaÌ„drye Planting Graffinge NoblemeÌ„ haue delyted to speÌ„de their time in Husbandrye A noble aunsvvere of a vvorthy man Enemye to all bryberye Senators Oldmen The highest office in the coÌ„mon vvealth called also the Maister of the people for the time had the office of a king Noble Councellours chosen out of the countrye Currours or Purseuauntes In HusbaÌ„dry is both profite pleasure Hortus altera Succidia Exercises for YouÌ„g men Disportes for Olde men XenophoÌ„ his booke of Householde Cyrus Lysander When Trees are so exactly set that vvhiche vvay so euer a man loke they stand dyrectly one againste another Virtuti Fortuna comes Valerius Coruinus Authoritye the chiefest honor and ornamente of Oldage What maner of old-age is commendable The best dvvelling for Olde age vvas at Lacedemon Great reuerence among the Heathen shevved to Old age Too manye of the same staÌ„p novv a dayes ObiectioÌ„ Faults of maners not of age Terence Seueritye in mesure alovvable in OldmeÌ„ Couetousnes in old-men The iiii dispraise of Old-age surmysed by theÌ„ vvhiche saye it is miserable because it is nere vnto Death Death not to be feared the reasoÌ„s vvhy For eyther the Soule lyueth or els dyeth YongmeÌ„ more subiect to sicknesse theÌ„ Oldmen CoÌ„mon vvealthes Cities gouerned and mainteined by Oldmen Death spareth no Age. ObiectioÌ„ Ansvvere ObiectioÌ„ Ansvvere Old men haue already enioyed that vvhich younge men doe but hope for Argantonius liued 120. yeres Time passeth We must haue a greater care to lyue vvell then to lyue long Spring Fruicts of Oldage YongmeÌ„ haue greater payne in dyinge then Old-men Oldage hath no certen nuÌ„ber of yeres a pointed hovv long to last Oldage stout and ful of courage Solons ansvvere to Pisistr atus the Tyraunt It is a vvicked thing for a man to murther or kil himselfe Solon vvished to haue his death bevvailed Ennius Death not to bee bevvailed He that stil standeth in feare of Death can neuer haue a quiet mynde Nothing more certaine then Death Nothing more vncertaine then the houre of Deathe Valiaunt knightes which dyed for the honor safegarde of their countrye Vnder the coÌ„duct of Haâ—druball Terentius Varro Hannibal Not vvorthye and honorable GentlemeÌ„ only but coÌ„mon souldiers inferior persons haue despised Death Euery age hath his peculier delite and studye A true lyfe The Body is the prison or Iayle of the Soule Why the mind vvas inspired into man. Pythagoras Immortalitye of the soule Plato his Reasons to proue the immortality of the Soule Lib. 8. de Cyri paedia All thingesreturn to that vvherof they had their first begining Sleepe an Image of Death Paulus Aemilius Pub. Scipio C. Scipio Noble mindes desire to leaue a re The God lye desire Death but the vvicked feare it This place is translated accordinge to ij sundrye Latine Textes This life ful of trouble and labour A vvorthye and vertuous man is not borne in vaine This life is no dvvelling place of continual abode but as an Inne or lodgeinge for a tyme The fashion then among the Romains vvas to burne their dead Bodies What learning and EloqueÌ„ce is able to doe Paradoxa signifieth SenteÌ„ces contrarye to the coÌ„mon opynion of most men Tusculane Questions Mony Riches and such like are
FOVVRE SEuerall Treatises of M. TVLLIVS CICERO Conteyninge his most learned and Eloquente Discourses of Frendshippe Oldage Paradoxes and Scipio his Dreame All turned out of Latine into English by Thomas Newton Imprinted at London in Fleetestreete neere to S. Dunstanes Churche by Tho. Marshe Cum Priuilegio 1577. To the Righte Honorable his very good Lord Fraūcis Earle of Bedford Lord Russell of the Noble order of the Garter Knight and one of her Maiesties moste Honourable priuye Counsel Tho. Nevvton vvisheth the fernent zeale of God vvith encrease of much Honor. EIghte yeeres agoe Right Honorable some parte of these my poore Labors escaped my handes and rashly by peecemeale passed the Printers Presse not without some blemishes and Eyesores which as my meaning was then to haue repolished and brought into order so the poastinge speede and shufling vp of the same without my presence consent and knowledge quight defeated my purpose and dashed my determination But sithens things passed be irreuocable I haue thought good vpō request to take that direct course in the second edition thereof which seemed best to breede the Readers profit and soonest to salue myne own credite And thereupon haue I pulled all asunder agayne and aduentured the same anew adding thervnto one Booke more thē before I had done because the whole VVorke beeing by that meanes fully supplied shoulde come foorth vniforme and in one maner of Style and order VVhich being now throughly finished I humbly present offer vnto youre good L. not a whitte doubting of your honorable acceptaunce if not for anye workemanshippe of myne which is God knoweth verye rude and vnsauerye yet for noble Cicero his owne sake the Author first writer hereof whose onely name much more hys learned workes you haue as they are well worthye in reuerent estimation For which verye cause I deemed no worthier Counsay loure could be found to defend and protect so noble a Senatour then your H. whom in the watchful cares of the Common wealth profounde VVisdome graue aduise and politicke gouernmēt he so neerely and liuelye resembleth My part of trauaile in the Interpretatiō of whose Sayings I hūbly submit vnto your Honourable censure beseechinge God to continue and encrease hys blessinges spiritual and temporall vpon you your honourable Lady and Children to the aduauncement and setting foorth of his glorie the weale of this your Coūtry to your own ioye consolation From Butley in Chesshyre the. 4. of Maye 1577. Your good L. wholy at commaundement Thomas Newton The Booke of Freendshippe Otherwise entituled Laelius written dialoguewise by Marcus Tullius Cicero vnto his very freende T. Pomponius Atticus The Preface QVINTVS Mutius Scaeuola Augur was wont promptlye pleasauntly to reporte manye thinges of Caius Laelius hys father in law and doubted not in all his talke to tearme him a wiseman And I assone as euer I entred into mans state was in such sort by my father put to Scaeuola that as nere as I might or coulde I should not one whit steppe aside from the olde mans sleeue And therefore I diligently noted and committed to memorye many reasons wisely by him discoursed and many thinges brieflye and aptly by him spoken and sought by hys wisdome to become the better learned After that he was dead I got me to P. Scaeuola whom alone I dare boldlye cal for witte and skille the oddestman of our Citie But of him we shal speake more at an other time Nowe doe I returne to Scaeuola Augur Among his many other discourses of sundry matters I do namely remēber that be sitting at home in his halfe rounde Chayre as his cōmon wont was to doe when as I and a verye fewe of his Famyliers were presente fell into that talke whiche as then was almoste common in manye mennes mouthes For as I thincke freende Atticus you remember well ynough and muche the rather because you were verye famylier with P. Sulpitius what a wondring and moane there was of all men when as hee beeinge Tribune for the Commons was fallen at deadlye variaunce with Q. Pompeius beinge at that time Consull with whome aforetime hee had lyued moste freendlye and louinglye At that verye time therefore Scaeuola entringe into talke aboute the same declared vnto vs the Speache that Laelius had with him and hys other Sonne in Lawe C. Fannius the Sonne of Marcus a sewe Dayes after the Deathe of Aphricanus touchinge Freendeshyppe The chiefe pointes of whiche his Discourse I faythfullye committed to memorie and haue in this Booke set downe after mine owne phāsie and discretion For I haue introduced them as it were speakinge one to an other that these tearmes Quoth I and Quoth he shoulde not bee to often repeated And for this purpose haue I done it because the Treatise mighte seeme to bee had as it were of persons present euen before your faces And forasmuch freende Atticus as you haue often times beene in hande with mee to penne some pretie Discourse of Freendshippe I deemed the same matter to be a thing both worthy the knowledge of all men and also the Familiaritie that is betweene vs I haue done it therefore at thy requeste willinglye to the ende I mighte benefite manye But as my Treatyse entituled Cato Maior which is written to thee of Oldage I introduced Cato an aged mā reasoning thereof because I iudged no man fitter to speake of that age then he who had both bene a very long time an oldman and also in that his oldage had flourished aboue others so now also forasmuch as we haue heard of our elders what notable familiarity was betwene C. Laelius and P. Scipio I haue deemed Laelius a very fit person to discourse vpon those points of Freendship which my mayster Scęuola remēbred were discussed by him And certainelye this kinde of talke set out by the Authority of auncient and the same right honourable personages seemeth I know not how to cary with it more countenaunce grauitye And therfore I myselfe readinge mine owne woorkes am sometime in that case that I thincke Cato telleth the tale and not myselfe But as I then beinge olde did write of Oldage to an old man so in this boke as a most faythful frend I haue written to my very frēd cōcerning Frēdship Thē did Cato reason the matter who was the oldest man almoste the wisest in those dayes Now doth Laelius a man both wise for so was he accoumpted and in the noblenesse of frendshippe peerelesse vtter his opinion of Frendship I woulde that for a while you shoulde not thincke vpon me but suppose that Laelius hymselfe speaketh C. Fannius and Q. Mutius come to their father in lawe after the death of Aphricanus They speake firste Laelius maketh answere whose whole discourse is of Frendship which thou thy selfe in reading shalt throughly vnderstand FANNIVS Your words be true Laelius For neither better or nobler hath there benanye then Aphricanus But you must thincke that all men haue east their eyes
now dayes being 90. yeares old who if he begyn anye Iourney on foote will not in all that Iourney come on horsebacke and whē hee rydeth foorth on horsebacke will not alight no Rayne nor Colde can make him to couer his head his Body is very dry and therefore doth he in his owne person execute all the offices and functions that appertayne to a Kinge Therfore Exercise and temperaunce is able yet to cōserue in Oldage somwhat of that former strength and youthful lustinesse In Oldage there is no great strēgth Why Strēgth is not looked for nor required in Oldage And therfore by the Laws and Ordinaunces our Age is exempt and dispensed withall from those affaires functions which cānot without strength be discharged And therefore wee are not cōpelled to do that thing which wee cannot doe nay wee are not charged to doe so much as wee are able to doe But many Oldmen be so weake and feeble that they are not able to execute any office or function belonging to Humane Dutie or respecting mans lyfe But surely this is not the proper fault of Oldage but the cōmune faulte of lacke of Health How wearish weake was the sonne of P. Aphricanus euē he that adopted thee what slender health or rather none at all had bee which if it had not so bene he surely wold haue prooued the secōd Light of our citie For besides his fathers haughtines and glory he was also better furnished with learnīg qualities of the mynde What meruaile is it therfore in Oldmen if they be somtime weakishe and feeble sithens euen Youngmen cannot escape it Wee must resist Oldage O Scipio and Laelie and the faultes that bee in it must by diligence be recompenced And as wee would fighte against Sicknesse so must wee also againste Oldage wee must haue a special regard to our health wee must vse moderate Exercises wee must take so much meate and drincke that the powers of the bodye maye be refreshed and not vtterly oppressed And not onelye must wee haue this speciall care to our Bodye but also to our Soule mynde muche more For these also vnlesse a man do obserue a measure as in feedinge a Lampe wyth Oyle are quēched by Oldage entinguished And the Bodies by defatigation and Exercise decaye and growe worse but the Myndes by beinge exercised are holpen and bettered For those whom the Comicall Poet Caecilius calleth foolishe Oldmen hee meaneth to bee such as are credulous forgetfull and dissolute which are the faultes not of right Oldage but of such an Oldage as is sluggish slouthful and drowsie And as Malapertnesse and Sensuality is more incidence to Youngmen then to Olde and yet not to all Youngmen but vnto such as bee not of good disposition so this Oldmanlye foolishnesse whyche is commonlye called Dotage is not in all Oldemen but in them onlye which be lewde and of small accoumpt Appius beeing both old also blind gouerned and ruled his foure tall Sonnes his fiue Daughters his familye housholde which was great besides his Patronage of a greate maignye of Clientes He had his minde bent as it were a Bowe and neyther did he shrinke nor yelde to Oldage Hee reserued and executed not onelye Authoritye but also an imperious cōmaundmēt ouer al thē that were vnder his charge For his seruauntes feared him his Children reuerenced him all men tenderly loued him in that house of his there was a perfect patterne of the auncient fashion and discipline of our Country For herein is Oldage honorable if it defend maintein itselfe if it stil retayn his authoritye if it bee not in Bondage to any man if euen to the laste breath it exercise Rule and Commaundement ouer them that depend vpon it For as wee commend that Younge man in whom there bee some pointes of an Oldman so also doe wee praise that Oldman in whom there is any of the properties of an honest Youngman Which thing who soeuer followeth may be olde in Bodye but neuer in mynde I am now in hande with my seuenth Booke of Originalles I am collecting all the Monumentes of Antiquity now am I earnestlye busied with penning the Orations of all such famous notable causes as I haue in my time defended I studye the Augurall Canon and Ciuile lawe I geeue my selfe muche to the studye of the Greeke tongue and as Pythagoras his Scholers were wont to doe to exercise my memory withall I recoumpt euery Euening all that I haue sayde hearde or done daye by day These be the Exercises of the wytte these are the feates wherein the mynde is occupied In these I paynfullye trauayling studying finde no great lacke of the strength of bodye I am readye able to helpe my freendes I come often into the Senate house and of myne own accord I cary thither with me matters throughlye debated and canuassed and them doe I defend and mainteine wyth the strength not of Body but of Minde Whych thynges if I were not able in person to execute yet shoulde I take great delectation lying in my Bedde to thincke vppon those matters whiche I could not doe But my age passed is such that I can doe them For hee that geeueth himselfe cōtinually to these studies and labours feeleth not when nor how Oldage creepeth vpon him Thus doth Age by little and little without feelinge waxe olde and growe to an end neyther is it sodeinly broken of but by continuaunce and tracte of tyme quenched NOW followeth the third dispraise or faulte that is founde in Oldage because they saye it lacketh Pleasures Oh worthy gifte of Age if it take that thing frō vs which euē in Adolescēcy is most beastly For geue ye eare my good Gentlemenne and marke yee well an Olde Oration or discourse of Architas Tarentinus a right noble and excellent man which was lent vnto mee when I was a very yoūgman at Tarento with Q. Maximus He sayde that there was not anye more pernitious plague euer geeuen vnto men by Nature then was this Pleasure of the Body Which Pleasure mēs libidinous lustes inordinatelye desiring are rashly and vnaduisedly incited and stirred to ensue and folow Hence said hee spring all Treasons Trecheries against our Country hence beginne all the euersions of Common wealthes hence are hatched all secrete conspiracies and priuye conserences with oure Enemies Fynally that there is no villany nor anye notable enormitie which the inordinate desire of Pleasure did not egge and incense a man to enterprise And that Whoredome Adulterye and all such kinde of detestable deedes were by none other lures enticementes procured but by Pleasure And whereas eyther Nature or some God hath geeuen nothinge vnto man of more excellency then the mind or reasonable Soule there is no thing so much against this diuine Gyfte and bountye as is Pleasure For where Pleasure beareth swaye Tempēraunce