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Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
book_n	old_a	testament_n	time_n	2,959	5	3.5347	3	true

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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A16987	A letter to a friende, touching Mardochai his age which helpeth much to holde the trueth, for that chiefe prophecie of our saluation, in Gabriels seuenties, which shew that most exactly 490. yeeres after the angels speech Christ the most holy should be killed to giue life. Dan 9.23.	Broughton, Hugh, 1549-1612.	1590 (1590)	STC 3869; ESTC S106767	8,944	14

A LETTER TO A FRIENDE TOVCHING MARDOCHAI HIS AGE which helpeth much to holde the trueth for that chiefe prophecie of our saluation in Gabriels seuenties which shew that most exactly 490. yeeres after the Angels speech Christ the most holy should be killed to giue life Dan 9.23 1. Cor. 1.25 The foolishnes of God is wiser then men Imprinted for G.S. and W.W. 1590. OMNE BONVÌ„ SUPERNE The Printer to the Reader THat the Letter folowing might better be vnderstoode I requested the Autour that one speciall Text might be set before it as he had translated it Dan. 9 24. I heard him affirme that none for skill in Hebrew woulde blame that Translation and though many differ it was not for ignorance of the toong but by their conceite touchyng the matter drawyng the wordes as they iudged of the whole cause Thus he translated that poynt which was Gabriels speeche who came to Daniel praying at the time of the euening offering or three of the clocke or ninth houre by Scripture phrase at which houre 490. yeeres after most exactly our Lorde gaue vp the ghost and tolde that at the beginning of his prayer came foorth the worde or answere from God which he came to shew and saith thus Seauentie seauens of yeeres are cut out for thy people and for thy holy Citie to consume wickednes and to abolysh sinnes and to make reconciliation for iniquitie and to bring righteousnes euerlasting and to seale Vision and Prophet and to shew Christ the Holy of Holy Know marke from the out-going of the Worde to returne to buylde Ierusalem vnto Christ the gouernour shalbe seauen seauens of yeeres and sixtie and two seauens in th'other it shalbe restored and buylded Streete and Wall and troublous shall these times be In that after the sixtie and two seauens Christ shalbe killed and not for him selfe therevpon the Citie and holy place shall he destroy the Gouernours owne people to come and their ende shalbe with a Flood and at the ende of warre it shall haue a finall iudgement to desolation But he shall confirme the Testament for many the last Seauen when in Halfe that seauen he shall ende the Sacrifice and Oblation Afterterwardes by an Armie abominable he shall make a desolation euen tyll vtter destruction and finall iudgement flow vpon the desolate And this much for the Readers preparation to vnderstand the Epistle folowing To his good friende A. T. of Mardochai his age a light to Gabriels seauenties YOu desire to knowe of me in what age Mardochai lyued because you holde his tymes to helpe much the trueth of Chronicle whereby sundry Bookes of the holy Prophetes may better be vnderstoode Your request is reasonable because you rightly iudge of the profite arising by that knowledge For whereas the chiefe prophecie in all the olde Testament touching the time of saluation is obscured that of Dan. 9 24 also Dan. 11. Ester Ezra Nehemiah Aggi Zachary by reason that men attribute neare 100. yeeres more then common lykelyhood can suffer or some wryters olde and late wyll graunt to these men after Babel was taken I meane to Cyrus Cambyses Darius Hystaspis Xerxes They who holde Assuerus to be Xerxes who be y e chiefest Patrons of that excessiue time yf it can be shewed that Mardochai was in captiuitie 63. y. must needes graunt that from Cyrus surprising of Babel to Assuerus ende when yet Mardochai was somwhat actiue 30. yeeres agreeth more with the common course of lyfe then 121. And that being setled touching yeeres thence to Tiberius 18. yeere Some old Greeke accompt wil very wel agree with vs for Daniels seauens to make vp 490. yeeres Wherfore your iudgement carefull to know his times must be allowed and endeuour to satisfie your request must be vsed The Scripture whereupon disputation of late groweth is this Ester 2.5 In the citie of Sbushan there was a certaine Iew whose name was Mardochai the sonne of Iair the sonne of Shimei the sonne of Kish a man of Iemini which had been caried away from Ierusalem with the captiuitie that was caried away with Iekoniah king of Iudah whom Nebuchadnezar king of Babel had caried away and nourished Hadassah that is Ester his vncles daughter for she had neyther father nor mother and the mayde was fayre and beautifull to looke on and after the death of her father and her mother Mardochai tooke her for his owne daughter To this text I thinke good to ioyne immediatly an other touching them who were captiued with Iekoniah to shewe that not onely valient men but also women and babes were then caried captiue of which babes Mardochai might be one Thus it is written 2. King 24 14. And he caried away all Ierusalem and all the princes and all the strong men of warre euen ten thousand into captiuitie and all the workemen and cunning men so none remayned sauing the poore people of the land Now yf none were left but the poore of the earth noble women and children must needes be in the reckoning of the captiuitie But let vs returne to the first text Est 2.5 Upon which Scripture we must weigh what hath been thought and may be I holde it doubtles that Mardochai by this text was in the captiuitie The same helde also the most ancient that it may appeare this opinion not to be new but holden constantly of long time the father of TRUTH The Greeke additions to Esther plainely shewe that in ancient tyme Mardochai was holden to be of Iechonias captiuitie for thus it is written Esther 11.2 Mardocheus the sonne of Iairus the sonne of Semei the sonne of Kish of the tribe of Beniamin had a dreame a Iewe dwelling in the citie of Susis a noble man that bare office in the kinges court He was also one of the captiuitie which Nabuchodonosor the king of Babylon brought from Ierusalem with Iechonias That those Greeke additions be very olde it appeareth by Ios Ben-gorion whom Drusius thinketh to be Flauius Iosephus For Ben-gorion in his Hebrewe storie foloweth them and the Greeke church styfly enough helde them Wherefore yf that age were now aliue and called to an after reckoning for the Persian continuance I iudge by Mardochais age they woulde willingly cut off about a hundred yeeres for their ouerreaching Chronicle and reioyce not a litle to haue Daniels times brought to plainnes They did not onely of ancient dayes allow of y e greke additions for Mardochais times but in their owne writinges do the lyke Iosephus sayth that Mardochai had been at Babylon Clemens sayth that he was in the Captiuitie So doth Athanasius in Synopsi in Hester Cedrenus placeth Assuerus in the beginning of Darius and Cy. Monarchy Zonaras much foloweth Iosephus These mens testimonies agaynst their owne negligent accompt shoulde seeme to be voyde of partialitie The like I may speake of the Latines Pagnin his skill in Hebrew geueth place to none Italian former nor later In his

translation of Ester out of doubt Mardochai is a man of Beniamin which was caried captiue with Iechonias The frenche glory of Vatablus his iudgement by our learned Fathers who put before the Bible his briefe summe touching it hath been greatly esteemed Vatablus remoueth the doubt further sheweth that Kish there is named to shew Mardochai to come of y e Kinges seede Now where some doubt why obscure Kish father to Saul rather then Saul should be recorded for them a certayne Hebrewe yeeldeth a reason that satisfieth me As Mardochai taught Ester to hide her kindred so the other Iewes endeuored to do kept the memorie of Mardochais nobilitie rather by Kish famous amongst them obscure to strangers then by Saul whom Haman of Amaleck myght haue heard of If any despiseth the Hebrewes reason let him bring a better With Pagnin Vatablus agreeth Arias Montanus whose like if Spayne had bred many the Pope should haue been closely bitten to the hart Though he folow the common Chronicle yet he made conscience of wresting holy Scripture Tremelius likewyse whose translation geueth place to none whom I coulde wyshe for many speciall poyntes not to be altered by folowing the Heathen he translateth the Hebrew so as speaking that Mardochai was of Iechonias captiuitie This Italy Fraunce Spayne and Germany helde And least any shoulde take aduantage by the relatiue Which to referre it to Kish and not to Mardochai they translate the last antecedent before it that is MAN of Beniamin in a case ioyned to Mardochai and disceauored from Kish Two reasons moued them to that as I thinke one because in the Hebrew vpon the worde Kish lyeth a stay of a king-accent in force and forme lyke a comma in Latin An other was because a sentence is ioyned on a copulatiue which can not be remoued from Mardochai who was caried captiue and norished Ester Also it seemed to them senseles to admit in the middest along narration touching Kish where the spech began of Mardochai afterward to make a sodaine steppe agayne to Mardochai And so would I thinke These who comment vpon Ester folowe the same Lyra Brentius Bullinger Lauaterus The argument in the Bible translated at Geneuah before the booke of Ester draweth in the same yoke And on the Latin Ioh. Benedictus So the Frenche doth and many more And whereas expressely Mardochai is named amongst them who did or might returne from Babylon in the first of Cyrus I see no reason why the many of them who affyrme euen that Mardochai there to be Esters cosen shoulde be reiected I wyll not soone beleeue that the prouidence of God woulde in Scripture so place names that thousandes of the paynfullest and the wisest shoulde be deceyued as holding them the same men when they are other As Nehemias Ezra 2.2 is holden of the most to be the same who is Artaxast his cupbearer And Ezra Neh. 12. comming home in Cyrus first is holden of the Hebrewes to be the same who wrote the booke named so and lyued to the last tymes of the Persians and by 4. Ezr. 3. may very well be So no more wyll I admit two Mardochais then I wyl here two Nehemiahs and two Ezras seeing I see no reason why obscure men shoulde be chiefe in cataloge of personages famous men be left vnreckoned who in open dealing haue the next glory to Zorobabel and Iosuah But of the other two Nehemias and Ezra I may take some other time of a longer discourse I wyll returne to Mardochai They who holde of the Pope notwithstanding their errour in geuing the Persians too long a continuance yet woulde not in the particular deale here agaynst their conscience for their table in Apparatu Bibliorum holdeth Mardochai Esters kinsman to be of the captiuitie of Iechonias and also to be the same that is mentioned Ezra 2.2 So Schubertus and Lyra had rather hold Mardochai much aboue 100. yere then with Burgensis deny him to be of Iechonias captiuitie And Iohn Benedictus noteth from Philo that he lyued 198. yeeres Likewise some of our owne countrey who haue by authoritie written in notes simply enough gathered from Codomanus place Mardochai so that well he might be of the captiuitie of Iechoniah Notwithstanding that some who haue trauayled more in this kinde would soone conclude that therupon they must cut neare 100. yeeres from their owne accompt The testimony of any against them selues should haue some force Bucholcherus bringeth it as a most common opinion that he lyued in the dayes of Euilmerodach and Bal Sasar The Hebrewes are not least regarded for commenting as touching the story conteyned in proper speeches of the Prophetes Of them I haue seene twelue seuerall Wryters touching Ester by which all it may be learned that the Iewes helde Mardochai to be of Iechonias captiuitie as the Talmud in Megillath Ester two Chaldy Paraphastes Aben-Ezra Solomoh Iarchi which are ioyned in Bonbergius Bibles seuen commentaries printed in litle bookes alone Adde Midras Rabbah who passing it ouer as touching plaine wordes in the whole discourse sheweth what the autour thought And seeing the Iewes euer since Mardochaies tyme yeerely in the moneth Adar celebrate a Feast for the deliuerance by him it woulde be too rash to affirme so many thousandes now 2000. yeeres not to vnderstande his story but in a tricke of Grammer al to be ouerreached Moreouer closely they geue a bitter frump to some Christians in Sepher Iuchasim in the worde Ezra when they fayne Mardochai to lyue 400. yeeres teaching their children thereby how vnskilfull many of our side are in the storie of Scripture for if this be true that no male were caried with Iechonias but fitte then for warre and vnder the termes of All Ierusalem 2. Kin. 24. women and babes be not conteyned If also from Sedekias captiuitie the seuentie yeeres must begin and Mardochai liue in the ende of the Persians and yf Eusebius times and Ieromes holde then by our assertions must Mardochai be holden towards 400. yere olde But iustly is Eusebius blamed of Iohannes Benedictus and Marianus Scotus And Ierome may not be cited for them that woulde haue Mardochai borne in the fourth age after the captiuitie For Scaliger and such as leane vpon him holde that Darius who buylt the Temple 17. yere after Cyrus first was after Mardochai So that he wyll of force haue Mardochai neare Cyrus times And Eusebius may be confuted by him selfe citing Hellanicus out of Clemens who writeth thus Atossa the queene of the Persians first inuented Epistles Though Epistles were vsed of olde as in Iuda and Israel also in Homer Il. yet when Heathen skant vsed written recordes the letters sent by Hester Adossa to 127. Prouinces might well be the most ancient for famous fresh memorie in Hellanicus dayes whom Thucidides nameth as his former And herein the antiquitie who had folowed the games of Olympia to