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A43097 The English school-master compleated containing several tables of common English words, from one, to six, seven, and eight syllables, both whole and divided, according to the rules of true spelling; with prayers, and graces both before and after meat, and rules for childrens behaviour at all times and places, with several other necessaries suitable to the capacities of children and youth. Also brief and easie rules for the true and exact spelling, reading, and writing of English according to the present pronunciation thereof in the famous University of Oxford, and City of London. To which is added, an appendix containing the principles of arithmetick, with an account of coins, weights, measure, time, &c. Copies of letters, titles of honour, suitable for men of all degrees, and qualities, bills of parcels, bills of exchange, bills of debt, receipts, and several other rules and observations fit for a youths accomplishment in the way of trade. John Hawkins school-master at St. Georges Church in Southwark. Hawkins, John, 17th cent. 1692 (1692) Wing H1175; ESTC R213434 60,375 140

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Ahab might have his Vineyard which he had long coveted 1 Kings 21. It is Recorded in the Chronicles of Scotland how that one Campbel a Fryar by falsly accusing of one Hamilton caused him to be Burnt to Death but Hamilton being in the Fire ready to be Executed Cited or Summoned the said Fryar to appear betwixt that and such a day which he then named before the most high God the Righteous Judge of all Men to Answer to the Innocency of his Death and whether his Accusation were just or not now behold the just Hand of God for before the day nominated by the said Hamilton came the Fryar died miserably without any Remorse of Conscience These six things doth the Lord hate yea seven are an Abomination unto him A Proud Look a Lying Tongue and Hands that shed Innocent Blood an Heart that deviseth Wicked Imaginations Feet that be swift in running to Mischief a False Witness that speaketh Lies and him that soweth Discord among Brethren Prov. 6. 16 17 18 19. Covetousness a Breach of the Tenth Commandment THE Jews when they had forsaken the Law of the Lord were miserably afflicted for there were slain of Iudah in one day by Pe●ah the Son of Ramaliah an Hundred and Twenty Thousand and afterwards the Children of Israel took of their Brethren of the House of Iudah Two Hundred Thousand Women Sons and Daughters and a vast deal of Treasure and carried it to Samaria but they were severely reproved by the Prophet Obed who denounced the heavy Anger of the Lord against them and they returned their Captives and Prey into Iudea As you may see at large 2 Chron. 28. King Zedekiah is reprehended as a Violator of this Commandment for grievously oppressing his Subjects by Building Stately and Magnificent Structures at the Charge and Labour of the Poor as you may see in Ierem. 22. The Sons of Samuel being Covetously minded took Bribes and perverted Judgment which made the Children of Israel desirous to change their present Government into a Kingdom 1 Sam. 8. King Ahab coveting Naboth's Vineyard and being Naboth would not sell it him because it was the Inheritance of his Fathers by the counsel advice or instigation of his Wife Iezabel Witnesses are Suborned falsly to accuse him and Naboth is stoned to Death so that now Ahab may have the Vineyard at his pleasure but behold the Hand of God in revenging his Covetousness and false Accusation fell upon all his Posterity 1 Kings 21. W● to them that devise iniquity and work evil upon their Beds When the Morning is light they practise it because it is in the power of their hands And they covet Fields and take them by violence and Houses and take them away So they oppress a Man and his House evon a Man and his Heritage Therefore thus saith the Lord Behold against this Family do I devise an evil from which ye shall not remove your Necks neither shall ye go haughtily for this time is Evil. Chap. 24. The Names and Order of the Books of the Old and New Testament with the Number of Chapters contained in each of them The Books of the Old Testament Genesis hath Chapters 50 Exodus 40 Leviticus 27 Numbers 36 Deuteronomy 34 Ioshua 24 Iudges 21 Ruth 4 I Samuel 31 II Samuel 24 I Kings 22 II Kings 25 I Chronicles 29 II Chronicles 36 Ezra 10 Nehemiah 13 Esther 1 Iob 42 Psalms 150 Proverbs 31 Ecclesiasies 12 The Song of Solomon 8 Isaiah 66 Ieremiah 52 Lamentations 5 Ezekiel 48 Daniel 12 Hosea 14 Ioel 3 Amos 9 Obàdiah 1 Ionah 4 Micah 7 Nahum 3 Habakkuk 3 Zephaniah 3 Haggai 2 Zechariah 14 Malachi 4 The Books of the New Testament Matthew hath Chapters 28 Mark 16 Luke 24 Iohu 21 The Acts of the Apostles 28 The Epistle to the Romans 16 I Corinthians 16 II Corinthians 13 Galatians 〈◊〉 Ephesians 6 Philippians 4 Colossians 4 I Thessalonians 5 II Thessalonians 3 I Timothy 6 II Timothy 4 Titus 3 Philemon 1 To the Hebrews 13 The Epistle of Iames 5 I Peter 5 II Peter 3 I Iohn 5 II Iohn 1 III Iohn 1 Iude 1 Revelations 22 Chap. 25. The Penmen of the Holy Scriptures Of the Old Testament MOses the Son of Amram the Son of Levi when he was full Forty years old was called of God to be the Leader of the Children of Israel He wrote the Book of Genesis about Eight Hundred years after the Flood He spake by a large measure of Gods Spirit of sundry things that were done Two Thousand Four Hundred and Fourteen Years before he was Born He also wrote the Books of Exodus Leviticus Num● and Deuteronomy Ioshua and Eleazer the High-Priest are supposed to have penned the Book of Ioshua who governed Israel Victoriously Seventeen years and died in the Hundred and Tenth year of his Age. Samuel is supposed to have penned the Books of Iudges and Ruth The first and second Books of Samuel were written by Samuel the Seer The first and second Books of Kings were penned by Nathan the Prophet Ahiah the Shilonite Iddo the Seer Iehu the Prophet and Semeia The Book of Ezra was written by Ezra the Priest He also wrote the Book of Nehemiah and therefore in the Hebrew they are put both together The Book of Esther was written by the Chronicler of King Ahasue●us and it was taken out of the Records of the Medes and Persians Iob was of Kin to Abraham and out-lived Moses for he lived one Hundred and Forty years after his Temptation But the Penman of the Book of Iob is not exactly Recorded The Psalms were penned by divers as David Moses Asaph and others and they were collected by Esdras The Proverbs Ecclesiastes and Solomons Song were written by Solomon after his Conversion Isaiah the Son of Amos prophesied in the days of Uzziah Iotham Ahaz Hezekiah and Manasses Ieremiah the Son of Hilkiah the Priest prophesied in the days of Iosias Iehojakim and Zedekiah Ezekiel was a Priest in Babilon five years of Iehojakims Captivity Daniel was a Captive in Babilon and prophesied under Nebuchadnezzar Evil Meroduck and Belshazzer Hosea prophesied in the days of Uzziah Iotham Ahaz and Hezekiah Kings of Iudah Joel prophesied in the days of Uzziah and Ieroboam Amos was a poor simple Shepherd and prophesied at the same time with Ioel. Obadiah prophesied against Edom at that time the Palace of the Temple and City was set on Fire Ionah prophesied in the days of Amaziah and Ieroboam Micah Prophesied in the days of ●otham Ahaz and Hezekiah Kings of Iudah Nahum prophesied in the days of Hezekiah King of Iudah Uzziah King of Israel and of Salmanazer King of Assyria Habakkuk prophesied about the same time Zephaniah prophesied in the days of Iosiah the Son of Amon. Haggai Zachariah and Malachi the Prophets were appointed after the Captivity to comfort the people and wrote all about the same time Of the New Testament St. Matthew wrote his Gospel Eight years after Christs Ascention St. Mark wrote Ten
THE ENGLISH School-Master Compleated Containing several Tables of Common English Words from One to Six Seven and Eight Syllables both whole and divided according to the Rules of true Spelling with Prayers and Graces both before and after Meat and Rules for Childrens Behaviour at all times and places with several other necessaries suitable to the Capacities of Children and Youth ALSO Brief and Easie Rules for the true and exact Spelling Reading and Writing of English according to the present pronunciation thereof in the Famous University of Oxford and City of London To which is Added An Appendix containing the Principles of Arithmetick with an Account of Coins Weights Measure Time c. Copies of Letters Titles of Honour suitable for Men of all Degrees and Qualities Bills of Parcels Bills of Exchange Bills of Debt Receipts and several other Rules and Observations fit for a Youths accomplishment in the way of Trade IOHN HAWKINS School-master at St. Georges Church in Southwark LONDON Printed by A. and I. Dawks for the Company of STATIONERS 1692. THE Education of Children is 〈…〉 to be a thing of as weighty 〈…〉 Commonwealth as any othe● 〈…〉 ●amed and by how much the greater 〈…〉 greater ought to be the Care in the 〈…〉 the Principles and Elementary part of 〈…〉 ●ess of a Childs Education for if the first 〈…〉 t●e Superstructure cannot be so firm and perfect as 〈…〉 ●ight be otherwise expected and as Doctor Newton well 〈…〉 Elementary part of Learning being but weakly performed the ●rammatical doth too generally fail and yet saith be it is the Great DIANA of the EPHESIANS all other Education of Children being if not totally despised yet too much neglected when yt perhaps vpon maturer Consideration it will be found that that is most neglected which can in truth in the general be the worst sared it is our Mother Tongue that is likely in the practice to be most useful nor is the preservation thereof in its own purity to be esteemed a small part of our Countreys Honour since all the parts of Philosophy and Mathematicks may be easily attained unto without the help of Exotick Languages which are not gained but with Excessive Pains and are quickly lost again without Continual Practice it being a Vulgar Errour as Mr. Perkes saith in his Preface to the Art of Spelling to think that to learn over the Grammar and some few Latine Books before a Boy goes to a Trade are things so very necessary to his reading or writing true English such a ●attering of Latine being generally useless and the time spent in it so much 〈…〉 used 〈…〉 ●hall recommend 〈…〉 viz. It would 〈…〉 that the Master ●ad to the rest a Leaf or 〈…〉 and so leisurely that they may 〈…〉 ●hey have done he who read to 〈…〉 in each Paper before they 〈…〉 ●●uld bring Boys to take heed of 〈…〉 Exercises after a good founda●●●● 〈…〉 Trades may be brought to a 〈…〉 ●●●ding and writing 〈…〉 pains herein may redound to the profit of many the wh●le 〈…〉 which is humbly commended to the Blessing of God by him who earnestly desires to serve his Generation to the uttermost of his Ability St. Georges Southwark June 6. 1692. John Hawkins Chap 6. Examples of Monosyllables beginning with Three Consonants scr Scrap scrape scrall scribe scrip scrole scratch scrub shr Shrank shred shrew shril shrimp shrine shrink shrub shrug spl Splay splatch splent splice split splint spleen spr Sprat sprang spread spring sprig spright sprout spruce str Strand strake strange strap strength stress stretch strew strickt stride strise strike string strip stripe strive stroke strond strong strove struck strung thr Thrall thread thresh threw thrice thri●t thrive throat throb throng throve through throw throws thrown thrums thrush thrust thw Thwack thwick thwart thwite Let the Teacher be very careful that the Scholar ●e perfect in Spelling the foregoing Examples it will likewise be necessary that he be well acquainted with the double Consonants for the beginning of words as in the two last Chapters viz. bl br ●l ●r c. for it will be of great advantage to him when he comes to divide the Syllables in the Tenth and Eleventh Chapters following Let him likewise be made very perfect in the sound of the Diphthongs in the following Chapter for whatsoever is to be learnt afterwards will mostly depend upon the knowledge of this and the foregoing Chapters Chap. 7. Of Diphthongs ai Pail bait hail nail pain rain gain wait rail sail quail pail trail train strain sprain grain twain plain ay Flay lay may nay pay ray say stay stray gray spay splay ei Height streight weight strein blein drein streight veil ey Hey key grey prey au Paul saul baulk baud haunt caul cause caught draught fault flaunt fraud fraught haunch hault mault naught paunch pause sauce aw Bawl brawl 〈◊〉 claw craw crawl draw drawn sawn flaw haw jaw law lawn maw paw pawn raw saw spaw spawl spawn straw oi Boil bois blois broid broil coil coin coit choice foil foin foist froise hoise noise joint loin moil poise soil spoil oy Joyn poynt toyl boyl clog foy hoy joy loyn moyl moyst soyl toy eu ew Feud lewd blew brew chew clew crew few flew glew grew hew jew jews lewd mew new pew sew shew slew spew stew stews screw strew 〈◊〉 ou Bounce bound bout count chouse doubt fought found foul gout ground hound house hour loud mount mouth noun pounce pound proud round rout sound slouch ow Clown crown crowd down fowl frown gown how howl now Improper Diphthongs ea Bead beat beast breach bread break breast breath clean cream dread dream feast glean knead lead learn least mean stream ee Bees beef beer bleed breech breed creep deed deep feed feel free green greet keen keep leech leek leet meek meer meet need neer peep peer queen reed steed ie Brief chief field friend grief grieve liege pierce priest shield chief eo Feoffe George oa Boar boat boa●t bloat broach broad coach coast coat cloak croak doat foal ●loat goat hoan hoar hoarse hoast load loaf moat road roam roar roast shoar oo Book boom boot blood bloom brook broom choose c●ok cool coop crook door droop food fool foot floor good goose groom hood hook hoop hoot look loop loose mood moon moor nook noon poop poor proof proove rood roof rook room root shoot sloop smooth spoon stood stool stoop strook took tool tooth troop whoop wood wool wooe ui Bruise bruit build built fruit guide guile guilt guire guise juice suit Chap. 8. Let the Scholar be here taught that e or es at the end of a word doth cause that Syllable to be pronounced long which without it would be short as in the following Examples A A Ac Ace ag age al ale ap ape ar are aps apes at ate B B Bab Babe bad bade bal bale ban bane b●ns banes bar bare bars bares bas base bat bate bats bates bid bide bids bides bil bile bils biles
And if a word of more than one Syllable ends with l it must never be double as gospel not gospell principal not principall M In what word soever m is found it is never neglected but always pronounced N When n follows m at the end of a word it is seldom or never sounded as condemn contemn solemn Autumn hymn limn O O is variously sounded viz. sometimes short as not got s●t and sometimes long as know tow bestow go to● wo so c sometimes like u as smother brother And in some words it is not sounded at all as youth courage courtesie double trouble dou●let people And many times it must be written before n in the end of 〈◊〉 word when it is not pronounced as Apron Iron c. P Ph whether it is in the beginning middle or end of a word is sounded like f as Phi-lo so pher Phi lip Or-phan Tri-umph Except in some few words where the Syllables are divided between p and h as Shep-herd up-hold Clap-ha● When p comes between m and t in the end of a word then p loseth its sound as contempt exempt also in Symptom redemption also in psalm psaltery c. Q Q is never written without u as queen quill que-sti-on quar-rel Sometimes qu is sounded like k as ob-lique pub-lique relique ex-che-quer liquor c. R R is always sounded but never variously wheresoever it is found as fa-ther ra-ther c. S The Letter S is either long or short which are always to be observed in their places viz. Long s must be always written in the beginning and the middle of words as such some con-sume con-spire And short s or little s is always in the end of a word as sins sons hands Also if there be a double ss the last ought to be a short s as assurance sessions good-ness S is sometimes pronounced hard and sometimes soft hard as con-se-quence se-date con-sume and soft like z as bars sons sins In some words it is not sounded at all as Isle Viscount Island which are to be read I le Vicount Iland T Ti before a Vowel is generally sounded like si as in redemption nation salvation satiate patience Except s r or n go before it as question christian combustion courtier voluntier frontier Antioch Except also when a Syllable beginning with a Vowel is annexed to a word ending in ty then shall ty be changed into ti keeping its sound as mighty mightier lusty lustier 〈◊〉 pitious lofty loftier U U is sounded sometimes short as full dull but and sometimes long as ru-ral bu ri al and sometimes it is sounded like w as an-guish lan-guish lan-guage When u comes between g and another Vowel it is seldom or never sounded as plague tongue guide guard gui●t catalogue prologue c. Note that u is never in the end of a word except e be after it as ver-tue is-sue con-strue W W after o is not sounded as in grow sha dow win-dow except in vow bow sow cow c. Also when w comes before r in the beginning of words as wrath wrought wre-st●e wretch write wran-gle c. X X is a Letter compounded of c and s and like them it is always sounded where-ever it is found as wax like wacs ax like acs c. Y Y before a Vowel is a Consonant and is to be sounded as yet you youth yon-der york But when it follows a Consonant then it is accounted a Vowel as migh-ty lof-ty beau-ty Z Z is generally pronounced like soft s as zeal zi-on a-zimuth c. J When j Consonant comes before a Vowel as it always does then it is pronounced like soft g when it comes before e i or y as jea-lous joy-ful joy judge E-li-jah c. and wheresoever it is found it is to be so pronounced and its shape as well as pronounciation differs from i Vowel being always writted thus j. V V Consonant is always placed before a Vowel and hath a sound peculiar to its self as in vertue vile vain verily vice Saviour Likewise v Consonant differs in shape from ● Vowel as well as in sound it being always made thus v. Concerning the Diphthongs read the seventh Chapter Chap. 28. Of the use of Great Letters commonly called Capitals THE Capitals in writing are of very great use and are to be used according to the followng directions I. All proper Names whether of Men or Women as Adam Iames Iohn Mary and also the Sirnames of Men. Likewise the proper Names of Countreys Cities Towns Arts Sciences Dignities Titles of Honour Offices Days Months Winds Places Heathenish Gods and Goddesses ●ivers and Islands II. Every Sentence beginning after a period is to be begin with a Capital and in Poetry every Verse or Line must begin with a Capital Also every Book Chapter Verse Paragraph and Section III. When the words of another is quoted they ought to begin with a great Letter as Matth. 2. 8. And he sent them to Bethlehem and said Go and search diligently for the young Child c. IV. The Titles of Books as THE HOLY BIBLE and many times very remarkable Sentences are written with great Letters as Rev. 17. 5. And upon her Forehead was a Name written MYSTERY BABILON THE GREAT THE MOTHER OF HARLOTS AND ABOMINATIONS OF THE EARTH Also the Numeral Letters are written with Great Letters as the date of the present year is MDCXCII Chap. 29. Of the Points or Pauses and Marks IN reading or writing you are always to observe the Points or Stops for they give great Life and Light to the understanding in Reading And they be these which follow viz. A Comma marked thus a Semicolon thus a Colon thus a Period or full stop thus an Interrogation noted thus and a note of Exclamation or Admiration noted thus and a Parenthesis which is noted thus with two Semicircles A Comma is a stop of the smallest time and requires but very little breathing as for Example But ye are a chosen Generation a Royal Priesthood an holy Nation a peculiar People c. A Semicolon is of somewhat longer time than a Comma as in this Example His very Countenance begat in me a trembling his Words were terrible as thunder his Rage is sufficient to compleat my ruin A Colon is a middle pause between a Comma and a Period and is generally in the middle of a Sentence Example If I hold my Tongue I can expect no relief And if I speak I fear I shall be rejected Unless by some powerful Expressions I can make her really sensible of what I truly feel A Period is the longest pause or breathing time and is always put at the end of a compleat Sentence Example Eternity is an undeterminable Circle wherein the persons of all Ages shall be encompassed in endless weal or woe An Interrogation or Interrogative point is always placed after a question Example Whither can I fly for redress Or to whom shall I apply myself for relief A note of