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A10468 The boke of Barthram priest intreatinge of the bodye and bloude of Christ wryten to greate Charles the Emperoure, and set forth. vii.C. yeares a goo. and imprinted. an. d[omi]ni M.D.XLviii. Cum preuilegio, ad imprimendum solum.; De corpore et sanguine Domini. English Ratramnus, monk of Corbie, d. ca. 868.; Trithemius, Johannes, 1462-1516.; Hugh, William, d. 1549. 1548 (1548) STC 20749; ESTC S115653 21,331 36

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❧ The boke of Barthram Priest intreatinge of the bodye and bloude of Christ wryten to greate Charles the Emperoure / and set forth vii C. years a goo And Imprinted An. dn̄i M.D.XLviii ¶ Cum Preuilegio ad Imprimendum Solum ¶ The lyfe of Barthram priest by Iohannes Thrithe●●us BArthram priest and monke very well learned in seculer disciplyns and in holye scryptures subtyle of wytte eloquēt and no lesse notable for the integretie of the lyfe thē for his learning wrote many bokes wherof I haue sene but a fewe He wrote a commendable worke touchinge predestinacyo● to Kynge Charles brother of Lotherius and a boke concernynge the body and bloude of the lorde ▪ He floryshed in the tyme of Lotherius Emperoure an dn̄i Xlviii ¶ A man shall not perceyue the mynde of the au●tor excepte he rede the boke throug● and conferre the fyr●● art wyth the latter ¶ The preface to Charles the Emperoure YOU cōmaunded me moste famous Prynce to signifye vnto your magifycence what opinion I haue tou●hynge the mysterye of the body and bloude of Chryste Truelye as it is a commaundement not vnworthye of ●oure regall and pryncelye ●state so thexecuciō therof to the peruite of my 〈◊〉 strēgth shal be verye dyfficile and hard For what is more worthye of your regall prouidenc thē to be catholyke wyse touchynge the holye mysteryes of the bodye and blod of christ whych hath auanced you to your regal seat And further not to permyt your subiects dyuersly to thynke of the bodye and bloude of chryst wherin doutles the some of chrystyan redemptyon doth consyst Truly no small contrauersye is sprong for asmuche as some saye that the sacramente of the body and bloud newlye celebrate in the church is vnder no Fygur obuelacion or couer And agayne that other some doth saye these thynges to be contayned vnder a fygure of a mysterye that it is one thynge which appereth to our corporal sences another that is sene wyth the eye of oure fayth And not wythstandynge that thappostle wrytyng to the fathfull word haue al men to fauour one thyng saye one one thing and that no scysme shuld appere among them Yet they be wonderfully deuyded in dede thynkynge dyuersly of the body blode of chryst Wherfore youre regall hyghnes prouoked wyth the zeale of faythe not well pleased with these thynges coueryug also accordyng to the apostles precepte that al men shulde thynke and say one thynge searcheth diligen●lye for the secrete of the truthe Wherby it maye 〈◊〉 that haue wandred oute of the way into the same agayne Wher vpon you disdayne not to aske the truthe of thys matrer euen of very poore men consyderynge that the mysterye of suche a secrete can not be knowen but by the reuela●ion of god Whyche sheweth the lyghte of hys truthe by whome soeuer it shall please hym to electe Uerelye as it is pleasaunce for me poore man to obey your cōmaundement so it is hard to dispute vpon a matter beyng far beyonde the sences of men that cannot be knowen But by the erudition of the holye goost Therfore I at thys tyme beynge at youre cōmaundements throughe hys grace of whome we wyll speake shall declare accordyng to my habilite what I do thynke concernynge this sacrament not leanyng to myne o wne wyll b●● persuynge the fote steppes of the olde fathers ¶ The boke of Barthram prfeste touthynge the bodye and bloude of Thrist wryten to greate Charles the Emperoure YOure hyghnes desyrethe to knowe whether that the body and bloude of christe whyche is receyued in the churche by the mouthes of the faythfull be in mystery or in verite c. That is to saye whether it conteyneth some secrete thynge that is only euydēt to the eyes of fayth or wythoute the veale of any mysterye that thynge is loked vpon of the externe syght of the bodye whych the inwarde eye of the mynde doth beholde So that whatsoeuer is done apereth manifestely or no c And whether it be that body whych was born of Mary that suffred dyed was buryed rose agayne ascended into heauen and sytteth on the ryght hande of the father or no c. Of these two questions let vs begyn wyth the fyrste 〈◊〉 lest we be letted with doutfulnes ambyguyte Defyne we what a fygure is and what the verite is that we may certaynly knowe how whyche waye we ought to reason A fygure is a certayn obumbracion or shadoyng declaryng the thynge whiche he intēdeth by some veales or couers As for an example we meaninge the worde do name breade As in the lordes prayer we desyre our daylye breade to be geuē vs. Or whan Christe sayeth in the gospell I am the lyuely breade whych haue discended from heauē Or whan he calleth hym selfe a vyne and hys apostles braunches sayeng I am the true vyne you verely the braunches In all these one thynge is spoken and an other thyng vnderstande The veryte truly is a demōstration of a manifest thynge couered wyth no Image of shadowes but insinuate wyth pure playne and naturall significatyons As whā we saye that christe was borne of a virgyn that he suffered that he was crucifyed dead buryed Here is nothynge shadowed wyth fygures but the veritie of the thynges shewed by naturall significacions of wordes Neyther muste we vnderstande any other thyng here then that whyche is expressed But not so in those thynges that we spake of before For substauncyally neyther is the bread christe neyther the wyne is christe neyther yet are the braunches the apostles wherfore in those is a fygure in the other the verite is shewed in narracyon That is to say A naked and playne signification Now let vs retourne to those thinges for whose cause they be spoken That is the bodye and blode of christe Truelye yf the mysterye be done vnder no fygure then do we nought in callynge it a mysterye for that can not haue the name of a mysterie wherin no thynge is hydde where nothynge is remoued frome our corporall sences where nothing is couered wyth any veale but that bread whyche by the mysterye of the kynde of the creature and the shape of vysyble thynges the breade and the wyne haue nothynge chaunged in them and yf they haue nothynge chaunged in them they be none other then they ware before YOure hyghnes noble prynce perceyueth to what passe the intellectiō of thes thynges do come Whych be of a contrarye iudgemente they deny whych they are thought to affyrme And they are prouyde to distroye that they do beleue For they faythfullye confesse the bodye and bloude of Christ and in so doynge doutles they protest that the bread and wyne be not the same they ware herfore yf they be not the same they ware before they haue receyuyd mutation Seynge that thys can not be denyed let them declare how they be chaunged Trulye corporallye a man shall peceyue no●hynge to be chaunged therfore they must confesse that the
in the deserte by a spiritual meate an inuisyble drinke dyd eate hys body drynke hys bloude As the apostell wytnesseth sayeng our fathers haue eaten the same spirituall meate dronken the same spirituall drinke here we cannot know by reason how this thinge was done Yet to the doynges fayth must be adhibited for it is he truly whych by hys omnipotente vertue turneth the breade the wyne spiritually into hys flesshe hys bloude also whyche at the tyme made inuycyble the manna that was gyuen from heauē hys body the water powred out of the rocke his blode The which Dauid perceyuinge dyd protest in the holy goost sayenge man hath eaten the breade of angels It ware a fond thynge to suppose that thys corporall manna geuen to oure fathers fedeth the heuenly hoost of angels or that they do eate any suche meate which be rether fedde wyth the dayntyes of goddes worde The psalmyst declar●th playne or the holye goost rather speaketh in the psalmyste both what our fathers receyued in that heauēly manna and what the faythfull ought to beleue in the mysterie of the body blode of christ in the both truly christ is signifyed whych is not only the meate of angels but also fedeth the soules of the faytfull And neyther of these happen in corporall tast or feadyng but in the vertue of the spirituall worde The euāgeliste teachet that Iesus christe before he suffred toke breade gaue thākes distributed it to his apostles sayeng thys is my body whych shal be geuē for you do this in my remembraunce Lykewyse he toke the cup after he had supt sayeng thys is the newe testamēt in my bloude which shal be shed for you We se that christ dyd worke the mistery of his body blode before he suffered We dought not but euery faythfyll man beleueth that the breade was made the bodye of christe whych he gaue to hys disciples sayeng thys is my body that is geuē for you And also that the cuppe dyd cōteyne the bloude of christ whereof he sayeth thys cuppe is the newe testament in my bloude that shal be shedde for you Therfore as he coulde turne the substance of breade and the creature of wyne into hys proper body before he dyed So coulde he in the deserte turne the manna and the water of the rocke into hys flesshe bloude not wythstandinge that his fleshe was hanged on the crosse for vs. And hys bloude shed for vs longe after heare also we ought to consyder what is ment by thes wordes excepts you shall eate the flesshe of the sonne of mā drynke hys bloude you shall not haue lyfe in you He sayde not that hys flesshe whych hanged on the crosse shulde be eatē in pecys eaten of the Apostles nor that hys blode whych he shedde for the redēptiō of the world sholde be gyuē hys disciples to drinke for it ware a wycked thing yf hys fleshe shuld be eatē or his bloud dronkē as the infydelles toke it Therfore he sayd to his disciples takyng the wordes of christ not vnfaythfully yt scarcely perceyuing how the same was to be vnderstand thes doughtes offēde Therfore yf you shall se the sonne of mā ascendynge thether where as he was before As though he shulde saye you maye not thynke my fleshe to be eatē of you corporally or my bloude to be drouken of you corporally neyther that my flshe shal be deuyded into pecys for asmuch as after my resurrectiō ye shal se me affende into heauē wyth the fulnes of my holy body blode thē ye shal wel perceyue that my fleshe is not to be eatē of thos that beleue as the infydels thynke but that the bread the wyne chaunged by a mysterye into the substance of my body bloude is to be receyued of the faythfull he sayeth also cōsequētly The sperite is he that quickeneth the flesh profyteth nothing after eny such sorte as the vnfaythfull vnderstande other wyse it gyueth lyfe as the faythfull take it by a mysterye And therfore he sayeth the sperite is he that quickeneth So in this mysterye of the body bloude of Christe here is a spirituall operacion geuyng lyfe wyth u●e the whych operacion the mysteryes be vnprofyatable for well maye they fede the bodye but the soule they cannot Here springeth a questiō ●●e whych proposed some saye that thos thynges be done in verite not in mysterye wherin they shewe them selues playn●lye to repungue agaynst the wrytynges of the holye fathers Saynte Austen the doctour of the churche in the thyrde of hys boke de doctrina christ●ana wryteth thus Excepte you eate sayeth our sauyour the fleshe of the sonne of man drynke hys bloude you shal haue no lyfe in you He semyth to commaund a wycked thyng therfore it is a fygure cōmandyng vs to be cōmunicators of hys passion surelye also profytable to peruerte in our memories that his fleshe was ●ōdyd crucifyed for our sakes Thus saynt Austen affyrm●th the mysterye of the body and bloud of christ to be celebrate of the faythfull vnder a fygure for he sayeth it is no poynte of religion but rather of iniquite to take hys flesshe a●d hys bloud carnally as they did whych vnderstode not christ●s wordes spyry●uallye but carnallye wente back therfore and departed from hym Among many thynges in hys Epystell to bonyeface he wryteth thus Truelye we vse to saye of tymes when Ester draw●th nere that tomorowe or nexte daye shal be the passyon of the Lorde not wythstandyng he suffered hys passiō many yeres befor Neyther dyd he suffre but ons Also on Easter day we customably saye this daye the Lorde hath rysen And it manye yeares hath passyed in dede syns he rose for sayēg this we shuld be reported as shameful lyers sauing that we do name thys after the sim●litude of the dayes them selues wherin the thinges were done So we may say thys is the daye though it be not the day it selfe in dede But by the reuelacyon of tyme lyke vnto it And so we say the thynge is done this day for the celebraciō of the sacramēt whych is not done thys day in dede but was done a great whyle before was not christ once offred in him selfe And yet in the sacramēt he is offred to the faythful people not only euery Easter but euery day nether is he founde a lyer that answereth to a man askyng the questiō that he is offered For yf the sacramēt had not a certayne sym●litude of those thinges wherof they be sacramētes they were no sacramētes at all for the lykenes many tymes the sacramētes take the names of the thynges thē selues Therfore lyke as after a sorte the sacramēt of the body of christ is the body of christ the sacramēt of the bloud of christ is the bloud of christ So the sacramet of fayth is fayth Thus we perceyue that saint Austē affyrmeth the sacramēt to be one thyng the thynge it selfe
to be another thynge wherof the sacramente is the bodye in the whyth christ suffered the blode whych flowed from his syde are the thynges but the mysteries of thē sayeth he be the sacramentes of the body and bloude of christ which ar celebrated in remēbraunce of chrystes passyon Not only at euery pascall solēnite but euery day in the yere And although there is but one body of the lord in the whych he suffered but one bloud that was shed for the helthe of the worlde yet the sacramentes of these thynges haue taken there names so that we cal thē the body and bloude of christe for the similitudes of the thinges which they signifye So they be called after the same maner as the pascall feaste and the resurrection are whyche verelye be celebrated yet chryste suffred but once in hym selfe and rose agayne nether can those dayes be reuoked for they are paste The dayes in the whych the memorie of the lordes passion resurrection be celebrated are named the selfe same dayes in whych chryst suffered and rose because they haue a symilitude of the verye same dayes in dede Wherfore we say thys day tomorowe or nexte daye is the resurrection of the lorde Not withstandinge that the day in the whiche be rose in dede is many yeares past Do we saye that the lorde is offered whan the sacrament of hys body and bloude be celebrated Where as he was offered but ones in hym selfe for the health of the worlde As the apostles sayeth christ suffred ones for you leauynge an example that you myght folow hys fotesteppes He doth not saye that he suffereth euery daye whych he dyd once He hath lefte vs an example whych is dayly presented to those whych beleue in the mystery of the bodye bloude of christ That whosoeuer shall come to it maye knowe that he ought to be assocyate to hys passions whose Image he loketh for in the holy mysteries accordinge to the sayeng of the wyse mā Thou arte come to the table of a greate man attende deligently what thynges are set before the knowynge that thou thy selfe must prepare lyke thynges To come to the table of a great man is to be partaker of the lordes souper The consyderation of the thynges set before the is the intellygence of the body bloude of christ Wherfore whosoeuer is partaker let hym know that he ought to prepare lyke thynges That is to say he muste imitate christ in dyenge wyth hym the remembraunce of whose death he acknowledgeth not onely in beleuinge but also in tastynge Furthermore saynt Paule sayeth to the Ebrews yt was meete that we shuld haue such a byshop That is to saye holy Innocent wythout spotte segregate from synners and hygher then the heauens whyche shall not nede as the other byshoppes dayly to offer for hys owne synnes and after for the synnes of the people Thys oure Lorde Iesus christe hath done in offerynge hym selfe once and that whych he dyd once he doth now dayly frequēt once he offered him selfe for the synnes of the people the same oblaciō is dayly celebrate among the faythfull but it in a misterye for that whych christ hath once fulfylled in offerynge hym selfe is dayly done in the church in the remembraunce of hys passion by the celebraciō of mysteryes Neyther it is falsly sayd that the Lord is offered or that he suffereth in the mysteries for asmuch as they haue the symilitude of hys death and passiō wherof they be representatiōs Wherfore the mysteries be named the body and bloude of christ because they take the appellation of thinges wherof they be sacramentes SAynt Ysodore in hye boke wherin he entreteth of the true sygnificatiō of words sayeth that a sacrifyce is an holy thynge done or the doynge of an holy thynge for by a mystical prayer it is cōsecrate in the remembraunce of the Lordes passion Therfore he cōmaundeth vs to call it the body and bloude of christ And though it be made of the frutes of the earth it is sanctifyed and made a sacramēt by the inuysible working of the holy ghost The greciās do call thys sacramēt eucharistia that is by interpretaciō good grace and what is better then the bodye and bloude of christ The bread and the wyne truely are comparyd to the body and blond of christ Because that as the vysyble substance of bread and wyne doth norysh and inebriate the externe mā so the worde of god which is the lyuely bread by hys perticipatiō doth recreate the myndes of the faythful And this catholike teacheth that the same mystery of the Lordes passiō muste be done for vs in the remēbrance of the same Thus he declareth that the Lords passion was once done that the memorie of it is represented in the solemnicies of holy thinges Wherfore the breade whyche is made of the frutes of the ground is transposyd whyles he is sanctifyed into the bodye of christ And the wyne that floweth oute of the grape by the sanctificaciō of the godly mysterye is made the bloude of christ not visybly but after the mynde of thys present doctor through the operation of the holy goost wherfore they ar called the body and bloude of Christ and so taken not bycause they do so appere externely but for that they ar so made by the worke of the holy gooste and for that they be an other thyng by the inuysyble power thē vysyble they seme to be He maketh a distinctiō whyles he sayeth The bread and the wyne be comparyd to the body and bloud of christ Bycause that as the substaunce of the visyble bread wyne doth inebriate and norysh the externe mā so the word of god which is the lyuely bread by the participacion of it dothe refreshe recreate the myndes of the faythful Herein he confesseth very playnly that what externe thinge soeuer we receyue it is accommodate to the refection of the body but the worde of god whych is the inuisible bread beyng in the sacrament inuisyble by thys participacion in quyckening the myndes of the faythfull feadeth thē Also the same doctor sayeth a sacrament is in some celebracion when the thyng is so done that it maye he vnderstonde to sygnyfye some what whych is to be taken wyth holynes by this he declareth that eny sacramēt in holy thynges conteyneth some secret that teaching which appereth visible that whych we ought to perceyue inuysyble be dyuers Afterwarde he declareth what sacramentes are to be celebreate amonge the faythfull that is the sacrament of baptysme and of the bodye and bloude of Christe whych are called sacramentes for that a deuyne vertue doth secretely worke the helthe receyued in them vnder the couer of corporall thynges Wherfore they be called sacramentes of secret or holye vertue He sayeth also that a mystery by his sygnifycaciō is that whych hath an hyd and secrete disposycion Here in we be taught that the bodye and bloude of christe be called mysteries bycause they