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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A50610	The voyages and adventures of Fernand Mendez Pinto, a Portugal, during his travels for the space of one and twenty years in the Kingdoms of Ethiopia, China, Tartaria, Cauchinchina, Calaminham, Siam, Pegu, Japan, and a great part of the East-Indiaes with a relation and description of most of the places thereof, their religion, laws, riches, customs, and government in time of peace and war : where he five times suffered shipwrack, was sixteen times sold, and thirteen times made a slave / written originally by himself in the Portugal tongue and dedicated to the Majesty of Philip King of Spain ; done into English by H.C. Gent.; Peregrina cam. English	Pinto, Fernão Mendes, d. 1583.; Cogan, Henry.	1653 (1653)	Wing M1705; ESTC R18200	581,181	334

THE VOYAGES AND ADVENTURES OF Fernand Mendez Pinto A Portugal During his TRAVELS for the space of one and twenty years in The Kingdoms of Ethiopia China Tartaria Cauchinchina Calaminham Siam Pegu Japan and a great part of the East-Indiaes With a Relation and Description of most of the Places thereof their Religion Laws Riches Customs and Government in time of Peace and War Where he five times suffered Shipwrack was sixteen times sold and thirteen times made a Slave Written Originally by himself in the Portugal Tongue and Dedicated to the Majesty of Philip King of Spain Done into English by H. C. Gent. LONDON Printed by I. Macock for Henry Cripps and Lodowick Lloyd and are to be sold at their shop in Popes head Alley neer Lumbar-street 1653. TO THE Right Noble Lord and worthy of all Honor William Earl of Strafford Vicount Wentworth Baron Wentworth of Wentworth Woodhouse Newmarsh Oversley and Raby My Lord PVrchas a Writer of good credit here in England gives this testimony of my Author that no man before him to his knowledg hath spoken so much and so truly of those Oriental parts of the World which are so little known to us as he hath done And that too not upon hearsay and report but for the most part as an ocular Witness and personal Actor of and in all that he hath related which is so full of Variety and strange Occurrences that as another Writer affirms the like will hardly be met withall elsewhere So that the most curious Wits which delight in reading of rare Books will I beleeve find all the satisfaction they can desire in this same of his where without so much as stirring out of their Studies or running the danger of Shipwrack they may traverse the Seas view the goodliest Provinces of the World entertain themselves with stupendious and unheard●of things consider in the manner of those peoples living whom we term Barbarians their Laws their Riches their Government in time of Peace and War and in a word represent unto themselves as in a picture all that is most exquisite and of greatest marvel in the extent of Europe Affrica and Asia These together with many other remarkable matters are contained in this Work which I have taken the presumption to present unto your Honor being invited thereunto by the example of two Translators of it into the Spanish and French Tongues whereof the one dedicated it to the Archbishop of Toledo in Spain and the other to the Cardinal Richelieu of France both of them the most eminent persons of their time in those Kingdoms And with whom your Honor may justly be ranked especially in respect of the Nobility of your Birth as well as for the great Hope which your many present Vertues and Abilities do give unto the World of your future Worth and Estimation Be pleased then my Lord to receive it favorably as a tender of the great desire I have to appear in all occasions Your Honors most humble and devoted Servant HENRY COGAN AN Apologetical Defence OF FERNAND MENDEZ PINTO HIS HISTORY IF it be true that Authors do render themselvs commendable by their Works there is no doubt but that Fernand Mendez Pinto hath by this same of his justly acquired such reputation as will make him be esteemed for ever He was a man of a strong wit and sound judgment and indued with a most rare and extraordinary memory as appears in the Relation of his Voyages and Adventures which sufficiently testifie how far he excelled therein retaining in his remembrance an infinitie of such strange and wonderful things whereof to his cost he was for the most part an eye witness as many great Personages of Asia and Europe took no little delight in hearing him recount them especially Philip the second King of Spain who at several times spent many houres in discoursing with him there about which questionless he would never have done being a Prince in the opinion of all the world of a most exact and profound judgment had he not been verily perswaded that what he delivered was true Nevertheless since there may be some who in regard of the stupendious things which he delivers wil seem to give no credit thereunto I have held it very necessary to cite here many several authentick Authors that in their writings have confirmed the verity of his Narrations as followeth Of the Riches and Grandeurs of these Orientall Countries and perticularly of the Kingdome of China Nicholas Trigault the Iesuite treates diffusedly in his book intituled De Christiana expeditione apud Sinas in the first part thereof principally in the 6 th Chapter Gasper de la Cruz in his book of China the third fourth fifth and nineteen Chapters John de Lucena in the life of Francis Xavier the Iesuite in the tenth Book from the seventeenth to the twenty fourth Chapter Anthony Galuan in his Treatise of the Discovery of those Parts fol. 39. and in his History of Florida Mendoza in his History of China the second Chapter of the third Book Trigault in his first Book the seventh Chapter Palatii Regis Doctor Babia in the third part of his Pontifical History the 18 Chapter in the life of Sixtus Quintus Boterus in his Relations John de Sanctis in his Orientall Aethiopian History Chap. 8. and in the Ecclesiastical History of Rebullosa Ribadeneyra Mathew and Lewes Gusman in divers Chapters of the Orientall Histories Josephus de Acosta Peter of Leon Zarate Michael Vazquez de Padilla Peter Martyr Cefas Bishop of Chiapa Francesco Lopez de Gomorra Hierosme du Pré Ferdinand de Cordoua Hierosme Romain Illescas Antonio de Herrera Pineda Prudentius de Sandobal and Garcilasso in divers places of his Royal Commentaries and in the 20 th Chapter of his third Book Touching that which Fernand Mendez writes of the Governors of those Kingdomes of the strict observation of Iustice of the Names of the Iudges Vice-Royes Magistrates Captains Governours and Ministers of the State Boterus in his universal Relations sayes the same Trigault in divers places particularly in the sixth Chapter of the first book de Senensis Reipublicae administratione Gaspar de la Cruz in the 16.17.18 and 19. Chapters Babia in the third page of his Ponticall book in the life of Sixtus Quintus Lucena in the life of Francis Xavier the tenth book Mendoza in the ninth and tenth chapters of his third Book and in many other Chapters of his new world Mafeus in his Oriental History and in the Letters of China written by Guerrier the Iesuit Concerning the great number of prisons and other particularities the same may be seen at large in the History of China Mendoza in the twelfth Chapter of his first book Gaspar de la Cruz Chapter ninth and twenty second Trigault in divers places of his History Lucena in the twenty first Chapter of his tenth book and Alexander Valignario in his Letters missive That which he speaks of the great multitudes of people that are in those Countries

read in Lucena the nineteenth Chapter of his tenth Book Trigault in sundry places chiefly in the second Chapter de nomine situ et magnitudine Regni Sinarum Fernand Mendez in the eighty ninth Chapter writes of a Temple built upon a great company of pillars Read de la Cruz the seventh Chapter Mendoza the third Chapter of his first Book Mafeus Anthony de S t Romain and George Bruno in his book of the City of the World In this History are set forth huge Statues of Brass and Iron See the first third fourth fifth Chapters of the first book of Gasper de la Cruz. Mendoza the ninth and tenth Chapters of his first Book The second Book of Boterus in his relation of Siam Rebullosa in his Ecclesiastical History fol. 117. and 118. John de Sanctis in his Aethiopian History the seventh and twelfth Chapters Lucena in the 1.6.8 and 9. Chapters of his seventh book Trigault in the ninth and eighteenth Chapters of his first Book Mafeus and S. Romain in the 90 th Chapter Mendoza in the seventh Chapter of his first Book and in the fourteenth Chapter of his second Part as also in divers places of his Itinerary Lucena in the nineteenth Chapter of his nineteenth Book and many other Authors Touching the manner of breeding and keeping of wilde Ducks in Rivers mentioned in the 97. Chapter See De la Cruz the 7. and 8. Chapters Mendoza the 21. Chapter Trigault the second chapter of his first Book and divers others As for that which he writes of the Towns that are made on Rivers and the Sea with an infinite company of ships in the 98. Chap. read Lucena in the 19. chapter of his 10. Book Mendoza in his Itineraries the 17. chap. De la Cruz in the 8. and 12. Chapters Trigault in the third Chapter of his first Book Navium Capia Lucena in his first Book the 19. Chapter For so much as is spoken of the Wall which separates Tartaria from China See Lucena in the 21. Chapter of his tenth Book Gasper de la Cruz the second and fourth Chapters Trigault in the second Chapter of his first Book and in the 12. Chapter of his fifth Book Galvan in his Commentaries fol. 70. Mendoza the first part in the fifth chapter of his first book and in the seventeenth chapter of the second part Babia in the second part of his Pontifical History chap. 18. and generally all that write of those parts of China Concerning that which Fernand sayes of the Treasure of the Dead read Lucean in the eighth chapter of the seventh Book De la Cruz and Mendoza Paulus Jovius in his History of the Turks But that which Passavinus delivers in the Description of the Persians and Belorus in his Chronologie of the Kings of Persia is yet a greater mervel The like do Celius and Augustinus Corion write of the War of the Cimbrians wherein such an infinite number of Saracens were slain neer to Marseilles as they made up the fences of their fields with the bones of them Anthony Boussin in his Decades of Hungary Our Author imploys many Chapters in the description of the stately edifices of those Eastern Countries The same may be seen in all the other Writers that intreat of those parts of Asia who set them forth strangely rich and great Lucena in the fifth Book of the life of Frances Xavier Father Lewis in his Letters The same Lucena in the eighth Chapter For the innumerable company of Religious men and women as they term them which serve for the worship of their false Gods it shall suffice to read De la Cruz in his first Chapter And for a full clearing thereof read Damien De Gois in the History of King Don Emanuel Mafeus in his eleventh and fou●teenth Books S t Romain and Trigault As also for the removing of all doubt in the reading of those things as incridible look on the sixteenth Chapter of the Book of Prester Iohn written by Francesco Alvarez John de Sanctis in his Ethiopian History the 17 th Chapter Levis de Parama de Origine Inquisitionis the nineteenth Chapter of his second Book entituled In sexta aetate Mundi Razis in his Chronicle Sancti Dominice folio 299. Galvan in his Discoveries folio 70. Lucena in divers places of his Book Mendoza in the eighteenth nineteenth twentieth and twenty third Chapters and throughout his first and second Books Gaspar de la Cruz the fifth seventh and nineth Chapters Boterus in his Relations of China Narsingua Japon and Siam Rebullosa fol 141. Leonard Abel in his Relations Paul Maria in his Iourney into Egypt and many others Concerning the setting forth sumptuousness and magnificence of those peoples Banquets their Comedies Feasts Dances Musick and diversity of Instruments see Lucena in the thirteenth Chapter of his tenth Book Mendoza in the twenty fourth and twenty eighth Chapters of his first Book as also in the fourteenth and eighteenth Chapters of his third Book Trigault in the seventh Chapter of his first Book Conrinia Touching their Feasts read Mafeus in the sixth Book of his History S t Romain in his and generally Trigault de expeditione apud Chinas For the manner of their sacrificing see de Sanctis in the eighth Chapter of his Ethiophia Damen de Gois in the History of King Emanuel Mendoza in the twenty sixt Chapter of his Itenerary Trigault throughout the whole tenth Chapter of his first Book Lucena in several places of his seventh Book De la Cruz the thirteenth Chapter Boterus in his Relations The Maps of Japon and China Mathew Ricio S t Romain and Mafeus In the 116. and 117. Chapters of the present Book the Author treats of the Castle of Nixiancoo for which peruse Trigault de Christiana expeditione the eleventh Chapter of his fourth Book Polenus in his Book of Stratagems Vegetius de re militari Vanitius and Vasionzelos Touching that which Fernand speaks of the Chineses their penances and mortifications in the Temple of Tinagoogoo as also of their processions and the sacrificing of themselves there reade John de Sanctis in the eighth Chapter of his Ethiopian History Mendoza in the twenty eighth Chapter of his Itinerary Trigault in the tenth Chapter of his first Book and in the second part of the History of China Galvan in his discoveries fol. 56. Mafeus St. Romain Boterus and Anthony de Govea in the Archbishop of Goa his Voyage Of that which is said concerning the great number of Idols and Statues Mendoza speakes amply in the ninth Chapter of his first Book in the seventh Chapter of his second Book and in many other places de sanctis in the second part of his Aethiopian History the seventh Chapter Lucena throughout his whole seventh Book Trigault in the tenth Chapter of his first Book § Idolorum multitudo Rebullosa from folio 116. to folio 120. De la Cruz in many places of his Book Damien de Gois Boterus in his relations of Pegu Babia in the third part

where the Tanigores spake to them again about us and recommending us unto them more then before the Monteo caused our names to be written down in a book that lay before him and said unto us I do this because I am not so good a man as to give you something of mine own nor so bad as to deprive you of the sweat of your labour whereunto the King hath bound you wherefore even at this instant you shall begin to get your living although you do not serve as yet for the desire I have that this may be accounted to me for an alms so that now you have nothing to do but to be merry in my house where I will give order that you shall be provided of all that is necessary for you Besides this I will not promise you any thing for the fear I am in of the shewing some vanity by my promise and so the Divel may make use thereof as of an advantage to lay hold on me a matter that often arrives through the weakness of our nature wherefore let it suffice you for the present to know that I will be mindful of you for the love of these holy brethren here who have spoken to me for you The four Tanigores thereupon taking their leave gave us four Taeis and said unto us Forget not to render thanks unto God for the good success you have had in your business for it would be a grievous sin in you not to acknowledge so great a grace Thus were we very well entertained in the house of this Captain for the space of two months that we remained there at the end whereof we parted from thence for to go to Quansy where we were to make up our time under the conduct of this Captain who ever after used us very kindly and shewed us many favours untill that the Tartars entred into the Town who did a world of mischief there as I will more amply declare hereafter Before I recount that which happened unto us after we were imbarqued with those Chineses that conducted us and that gave us great hope of setting us at liberty I think it not amiss to make a brief relation here of the City of Pequin which may truly be termed the capital of the Monarchy of the world as also of some particulars I observed there as well for its arches and policy as for that which concerns its extent its government the laws of the Country and the admirable manner of providing for the good of the whole State together in what sort they are paid that serve in the time of war according to the Ordinances of the Kingdom and many other things like unto these though I must needs confess that herein I shall want the best part namely wit and capacity to render a reason in what clymate it is scituated and in the heigth of how many degrees which is a matter the learned and curious most desire to be satisfied in But my designe having never been other as I have said heretofore then to leave this my book unto my children that therein they may see the sufferings I have undergone it little imports me to write otherwise then I do that is in a gross and rude manner for I hold it better to treat of these things in such sort as nature hath taught me then to use Hyperboles and speeches from the purpose whereby the weakness of my poor understanding may be made more evident Howbeit since I am obliged to make mention of this matter by the promise I have made of it heretofore I say that this City which we call Pequin and they of the Country Pequin is scituated in the heighth of forty and one degrees of Northerly latitude the walls of it are in circuit by the report of the Chineses themselves and as I have read in a little book treating of the greatness thereof and intituled Aquisendan which I brought since along with me into Portugal thirty large leagues namely ten long and five broad Some others hold that it is fifty namely seventeen in length and eight in bredth and forasmuch as they that intreat of it are of different opinions in that the one make the extent of it thirty leagues as I have said before and others fifty I will render a reason of this doubt conformable to that which I have seen my self It is true that in the manner it is now built it is thirty leagues in circuit as they say for it is invironed with two rows of strong walls where there are a number of towers and bulwarks after our fashion But without this circuit which is of the City it self there is another far greater both in length and bredth that the Chineses affirm was anciently all inhabited but at this present there are only some Boroughs and Villages as also a many of fair houses or castles about it amongst the which there are sixteen hundred that have great advantages over the rest and are the houses of the Proctors of the sixteen hundred Cities and most remarkable Towns of the two and thirty Kingdoms of this Monarchy who repair unto this City at the general Assembly of the Estates which is held every three years for the publique good Without this great inclosure which as I have said is not comprehended in the City there is in a distance of three leagues broad and seven long fourscore thousand Tombs of the Mandarins which are little Chappels all guilded within and compassed about with Ballisters of iron and latin the entries whereinto are through very rich and sumptuous arches near to these Chappels there are also very great houses with gardens and tufted woods of high trees as also many inventions of ponds fountains and aqueducts whereunto may be added that the walls of the inclosure are on the inside covered with fine porcelain and on the fanes above are many Lions pourtrayed in gold as also in the squares of the steeples which are likewise very high and embellished with pictures It hath also five hundred very great Palaces which are called the houses of the Son of the Sun whither all those retire that have been hurt in the Wars for the service of the King as also many other souldiers who in regard of age or sickness are no longer able to bear arms and to the end that during the rest of their days they may be exempted from incommodity each of them receives monthly a certain pay to find himself withall and to live upon Now all these men of War as we learned of the Chineses are ordinarily an hundred thousand there being in each of those houses two hundred men according to their report We saw also another long street of low houses where there were four and twenty thousand oar-men belonging to the King Panoures and another of the same structure a good league in length where fourteen thousand Taverners that followed the Court dwelt as also a third street like unto the other two where live a great number

of a Nation of a Country and of a Kingdom the inhabitants whereof wounded and killed one another most cruelly without any reason or cause and therefore no other judgment could be made of us but that we were the servants of the most gluttenous Serpent of the profound pit of smoak as appeared by our worke since they were no better then such as that accursed Serpent had accustomed to do so that according to the Law of the third Book of the will of the Son of the Sun called Mileterau we were to be condemned to a banishment from all commerce of people as a venemous and contagious plague so that we deserved to be confined to the Mountains of Chabaguay Sumbor or Lamau whither such as we were use to be exiled to the end they might in that place hear the wild beasts howl in the night which were of as vile a breed and nature as we From this prison we were one morning led to a place called by them Pitau Calidan whe●e the Anchacy sat in judgment with a majestical and dreadful greatness He was accompanied by divers Chumbims Vppes Lanteas and Cypatons besides a number of other persons there each of us had thirty lashes a piece more given us and then by publique sentence we were removed to another prison where we were in better case yet then in that out of which we came howbeit for all that we did not a little detest amongst our selves both the Fonsecas and the Madureyras but much more the divel that wrought us this mischief In this prison we continued almost two months during which time our stripes were throughly healed howbeit we were exceedingly afflicted with hunger and thirst At length it pleased God that the Chaem took compassion of us for on a certain day wherein they use to do works of charity for the dead coming to review our sentence he ordained That in regard we were strangers and of a Country so far distant from theirs as no man had any knowledge of us nor that there was any book or writing which made mention of our name and that none understood our language as also that we were accustomed and even hardned to misery and poverty which many times puts the best and most peaceable persons into disorder and therefore might well trouble such as made no profession of patience in their adversities whence it followed that our discord proceeded rather from the effects of our misery then from any inclination unto mutiny and tumult wherewith the Kings Atturny charged us and furthermore representing unto himself what great need there was of men for the ordinary service of the State and of the Officers of Iustice for which provision necessarily was to be made he thought fit that the punishment for the crimes we had committed should in the way of an alms bestowed in the Kings name be moderated and reduced to the whipping which we had twice already had upon condition nevertheless that we should be detained there as slaves for ever unless it should please the Tuton otherwise to ordain of us This sentence was pronounced against us and though we shed a many of tears to see our selves reduced unto this miserable condition wherein we were yet this seemed not so bad unto us as the former After the publication of this Decree we were presently drawn out of prison and tied three and three together then led to certain iron Forges where we past six whole months in strange labours and great necessities being in a manner quite naked without any bed to lie on and almost ●amished At last after the enduring of so many evils we fell sick of a Lethargy which was the cause in regard it was a contagious disease that they turned us out of doors for to go and seek our living until we became well again Being thus set at liberty we continued four months sick and begging the alms of good people from door to door which was given us but sparingly by reason of the great dearth that then reigned over all the Country so as we were constrained to agree better together and to promise one another by a solemn oath that we took to live lovingly for the future as good Christians should do and that every month one should be chosen from amongst us to be as it were a kind of Chief whom by the oath we had taken all the rest of us were to obey as their Superior so that none of us was to dispose of himself nor do any thing without his command or appointment and those rules were put into writing by us that they might be the better observed As indeed God gave us the grace to live ever afterward in good peace and concord though it were in great pain and extream necessity of all things We had continued a good while living in peace and tranquility according to our fore-mentioned agreement when as he whose lot it was to be our Chief that month named Christovano Boralho considering how necessary it was to seek out some relief for our miseries by all the ways that possibly we could appointed us to serve weekly two and two together some in begging up and down the Town some in getting water and dressing our meat and others in fetching wood from the Forrest both for our own use to sell. Now one day my self one Gaspar de Meyrelez being enjoyned to go to the Forrest we rose betimes in the morning went forth to perform our charge And because this Gaspar de Meyrelez was a pretty Musician playing well on a Cittern whereunto he accorded his voice which was not bad being parts that are very agreeable to those people in regard they imploy the most part of their times in the delights of the flesh they took great pleasure in hearing of him so as for that purpose they invited him very often to their sports from whence he never returned without some reward wherewith we were not a little assisted As he and I then were going to the wood and before we were out of the Town we met by fortune in one of the streets with a great many of people who full of jollity were carrying a dead corps to the grave with divers banners and other funeral pomp in the midst whereof was a Consort of musick and voices Now he that had the chief ordering of the Funeral knowing Gaspar de Meyrelez made him stay and putting a Cittern into his hands he said unto him Oblige me I pray thee by singing as loud as thou canst so as thou mayst be heard by this dead man whom we are carrying to burial for I swear unto thee that he went away very sad for that he was separated from his wife and children whom he dearly loved all his life time Gaspar de Meyrelez would fain have excused himself alledging many reasons thereupon to that end but so far was the Governour of the Funeral from accepting them that contrarily he answered him very angerly Truly if thou