tacit_fw-la condition_n in_o feus_n 52._o liferent_n reserve_v in_o infeftment_n of_o propertie_n 53._o exception_n in_o infeftment_n how_o far_o effectual_a 54._o faculty_n reserve_v in_o infeftment_n 55._o burden_n of_o sum_n in_o infeftment_n how_o far_o effectual_a 56._o the_o effect_n of_o impossible_a or_o unlawful_a condition_n in_o infeftment_n 57_o condition_n inconsistent_a be_v null_n 58._o clause_n de_fw-fr non_fw-fr alienando_fw-la in_o tailzies_n 59_o clause_n restrictive_a and_o irritant_fw-la in_o tailzies_n 60._o regalia_z not_o express_v be_v not_o carry_v by_o infeftment_n 61._o regalia_z be_v carry_v in_o barony_n though_o not_o express_v 62._o jurisdiction_n and_o court_n 63._o jurisdiction_n of_o baron_n court_n how_o far_o restrict_v 64._o issue_n of_o baron_n court_v belong_v to_o themselves_o 65._o infeftment_n of_o constabulary_a 66._o fortalice_n how_o far_o extend_v 67._o forrestry_n 68_o hunt_v of_o deer_n inter_fw-la regalia_z 69._o salmond-fishing_a 70._o cruive_n 71._o milns_n 72._o privilege_n of_o brew_v 73._o part_n and_o pertinent_a 74._o wood_n and_o coal_n 75._o house_n and_o biggings_n and_o park_n dykes_n 76._o fowl_v hunt_v and_o fish_v 77._o cunningar_n 78._o dovecott_n 79._o free_a ish_n and_o entry_n 80._o herezeld_n 81._o steelbow-goods_a 82._o the_o effect_n of_o infeftment_n in_o possessorio_fw-la 83._o the_o effect_n of_o infeftment_n in_o petitorio_fw-la 84._o inhibition_n and_o their_o effect_n against_o infeftment_n the_o roman_a empire_n in_o italy_n be_v long_o oppress_v and_o at_o length_n suppress_v by_o the_o inundation_n of_o the_o longobard_n and_o other_o barbarous_a nation_n who_o seat_v themselves_o there_o and_o divide_v these_o beautiful_a courtrey_n among_o their_o captain_n and_o they_o subdivide_v the_o same_o to_o their_o soldier_n for_o their_o military_a service_n and_o as_o they_o be_v the_o author_n of_o this_o new_a right_n so_o they_o do_v term_v it_o by_o a_o new_a and_o barbarous_a name_n feudum_n which_o the_o german_n call_v fiff_a and_o we_o with_o the_o english_a call_v a_o fee_n concern_v which_o there_o be_v no_o common_a write_v law_n but_o the_o several_a province_n have_v their_o diverse_a custom_n as_o they_o think_v most_o suitable_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o this_o right_n and_o their_o own_o utility_n these_o book_n annex_v to_o the_o civil_a law_n call_v libri_fw-la feudorum_fw-la though_o they_o have_v great_a respect_n among_o lawyer_n yet_o they_o be_v but_o the_o observation_n of_o private_a person_n and_o so_o not_o a_o write_v public_a law_n by_o the_o irruption_n which_o happen_v in_o the_o six_o century_n the_o civil_a law_n be_v sopit_fw-la for_o five_o hundred_o year_n it_o be_v revive_v in_o the_o eleven_o century_n and_o do_v take_v in_o with_o it_o the_o feudal_n custom_n which_o have_v be_v propagat_v through_o the_o most_o civil_a nation_n in_o the_o world_n not_o only_o for_o strengthen_v they_o towards_o war_n but_o because_o sovereign_n have_v thereby_o a_o new_a interest_n over_o their_o subject_n and_o inferior_n thereby_o become_v their_o feudatar_n and_o vassal_n owe_v always_o to_o they_o fidelity_n and_o oft_a follow_v as_o their_o client_n and_o assecles_n acknowledge_v they_o as_o their_o lord_n superior_n and_o paramount_n in_o their_o land_n and_o heretage_n which_o be_v all_o derive_v mediate_o or_o immediate_o from_o the_o sovereign_a authority_n as_o the_o common_a and_o supreme_a superior_a of_o all_o the_o subject_n who_o have_v any_o more_o than_o the_o right_n of_o unfixed_a movable_n 2._o and_o thereby_o also_o arise_v the_o feudal_n jurisdiction_n whereby_o not_o only_o the_o sovereign_a power_n but_o all_o superior_n do_v by_o the_o advice_n and_o assistance_n of_o their_o vassal_n who_o be_v call_v peer_n of_o their_o court_n order_n and_o determine_v all_o thing_n not_o only_o relate_v to_o themselves_o and_o their_o vassal_n but_o to_o all_o other_o who_o be_v local_o within_o their_o territory_n both_o in_o civil_n and_o criminal_n in_o so_o far_o as_o they_o derive_v jurisdiction_n civil_a or_o criminal_a from_o the_o sovereign_a power_n immediate_o or_o mediate_o no_o nation_n be_v more_o exact_a in_o this_o then_o scotland_n wherein_o the_o king_n as_o supreme_a superior_a rule_v by_o his_o vassal_n assemble_v in_o parliament_n in_o which_o at_o first_o all_o be_v personal_o present_a who_o hold_v land_n immediate_o of_o he_o as_o baron_n great_a and_o small_a freeholders_n and_o prelate_n for_o church-land_n the_o free_a burgh_n be_v also_o represent_v in_o parliament_n by_o their_o commissioner_n as_o hold_v their_o burgage_n land_n and_o their_o freedom_n and_o privilege_n of_o burgh_n as_o feudater_n of_o the_o king_n so_o that_o there_o be_v not_o one_o foot_n of_o ground_n in_o scotland_n who_o lord_n be_v not_o present_a in_o parliament_n but_o when_o fee_n hold_v of_o the_o king_n become_v subdivide_v or_o multiply_v two_o or_o more_o commissioner_n be_v admit_v in_o parliament_n in_o name_n of_o the_o mean_a baron_n and_o freeholders_n all_o be_v account_v great_a baron_n who_o hold_v a_o hundred_o mark_fw-mi land_n or_o above_o of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o rest_n mean_a baron_n par._n 1503._o cap._n 78._o so_o also_o other_o superior_n have_v their_o court_n consist_v of_o their_o vassal_n who_o be_v oblige_v to_o answer_v suit_n thereto_o who_o as_o a_o jury_n give_v doom_n and_o judgement_n of_o old_a when_o all_o matter_n proceed_v by_o jury_n or_o inquest_n as_o it_o be_v also_o in_o the_o king_n court_n by_o sheriff_n bailzy_n etc._n etc._n of_o which_o the_o shadow_n or_o formality_n yet_o remain_v of_o have_v a_o doomster_n as_o a_o member_n of_o court_n to_o pronounce_v sentence_n though_o inquest_n be_v in_o most_o thing_n lay_v aside_o through_o custom_n 3._o the_o very_a right_n of_o superiority_n carry_v this_o right_a of_o jurisdiction_n over_o the_o vassal_n unless_o by_o their_o infeftment_n or_o prescription_n they_o be_v exempt_v our_o learned_a countryman_n mr._n thomas_n craig_n advocate_n have_v large_o and_o learned_o handle_v the_o feudal_n right_n of_o this_o and_o other_o nation_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr feudis_fw-la and_o therefore_o we_o shall_v only_o follow_v close_o what_o since_o his_o time_n by_o statute_n or_o custom_n have_v be_v clear_v or_o alter_v in_o feudal_n right_n which_o be_v very_o much_o for_o he_o have_v write_v in_o the_o year_n 1600._o there_o be_v since_o many_o statute_n and_o variety_n of_o case_n which_o do_v occur_v and_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o lord_n and_o have_v be_v de_fw-fr recenti_fw-la observe_v as_o they_o be_v do_v by_o the_o most_o eminent_a of_o the_o lord_n and_o lawyer_n as_o by_o haddingtoun_n who_o be_v precedent_n of_o the_o session_n and_o by_o precedent_n spotswood_n and_o by_o dury_n who_o continue_v in_o the_o session_n from_o the_o year_n 1620._o until_o his_o death_n in_o the_o year_n 1642._o and_o though_o these_o decision_n have_v be_v intermit_v since_o that_o time_n till_o the_o king_n return_n the_o loss_n be_v not_o great_a these_o time_n be_v troublesome_a and_o great_a alteration_n of_o the_o lord_n but_o the_o decision_n of_o the_o lord_n have_v be_v constant_o observe_v since_o the_o king_n return_n by_o which_o most_o of_o the_o feudal_n question_n be_v determine_v and_o these_o thing_n which_o craig_n can_v but_o conjecture_v from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o feudal_n right_n the_o custom_n of_o neighbour_a nation_n and_o the_o opinion_n of_o feudist_n be_v now_o common_o know_v and_o come_v to_o a_o fix_a custom_n neither_o do_v he_o observe_v any_o decision_n particular_o by_o the_o time_n further_o than_o his_o own_o time_n in_o which_o our_o feudal_n custom_n can_v little_o be_v determine_v see_v the_o lord_n of_o session_n be_v mutable_a and_o ambulatory_a till_o the_o year_n 1540_o in_o which_o king_n james_n the_o five_o do_v perfect_v the_o establishment_n of_o the_o session_n in_o a_o college_n of_o justice_n who_o at_o first_o can_v not_o be_v so_o know_v and_o fix_v in_o their_o form_n and_o custom_n and_o therefore_o it_o can_v be_v think_v strange_a if_o the_o feudal_n custom_n as_o they_o be_v now_o settle_v do_v much_o differ_v from_o what_o craig_n do_v observe_v he_o have_v indeed_o very_a well_o observe_v the_o origine_fw-la and_o nature_n of_o feudal_n right_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o italy_n where_o they_o begin_v and_o of_o france_n and_o england_n whence_o they_o be_v derive_v to_o we_o and_o therefore_o we_o say_v little_a as_o to_o these_o and_o so_o much_o only_o of_o the_o right_n themselves_o as_o must_v necessary_o be_v introductory_n to_o our_o fix_a custom_n in_o which_o we_o shall_v follow_v that_o same_o method_n as_o most_o accommodat_fw-la to_o the_o matter_n which_o we_o observe_v in_o the_o former_a title_n of_o real_a right_n but_o there_o be_v in_o feudal_n right_n nothing_o of_o that_o original_a community_n which_o be_v therein_o be_v only_o a_o promiscuous_a property_n
equal_o and_o there_o be_v no_o right_n of_o representation_n in_o moveable_n the_o first_o degree_n be_v child_n male_a or_o female_a with_o who_o grandchild_n come_v not_o in_o by_o right_a of_o representation_n in_o place_n of_o their_o defunct_a parent_n so_o child_n have_v a_o interest_n in_o their_o father_n movable_n viz._n their_o bairn_n part_v wherein_o their_o father_n can_v prejudge_v they_o and_o their_o interest_n as_o near_o of_o kin_n whereby_o they_o succeed_v to_o the_o dead_n part_n in_o so_o far_o as_o intestat_fw-la next_o unto_o child_n be_v grandchild_n or_o any_o descendants_n of_o the_o near_a degree_n next_o unto_o these_o be_v brethren_n and_o sister_n wherein_o brethren_n and_o sister_n german_a or_o by_o both_o blood_n exclude_v these_o by_o one_o blood_n next_o unto_o brethren_n and_o sister_n be_v there_o descendants_n in_o the_o near_a degree_n without_o representation_n and_o last_o be_v the_o near_a degree_n of_o agnat_n male_a and_o female_a joint_o without_o representation_n if_o there_o be_v no_o descendants_n or_o agnat_n in_o the_o case_n of_o bastard_n who_o can_v have_v none_o or_o other_o who_o happen_z de_fw-fr facto_fw-la to_o have_v no_o child_n or_o agnat_n their_o good_n become_v caduciary_a and_o be_v confiscate_v to_o the_o king_n as_o last_o heir_n or_o by_o reason_n of_o bastardy_n of_o which_o before_o title_n confiscation_n in_o the_o succession_n of_o movable_n the_o same_o good_n or_o debt_n be_v not_o in_o all_o case_n account_v movable_a since_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1641._o cap._n 32._o whereby_o band_n bear_v annualrent_a which_o before_o in_o all_o respect_n be_v heritable_a by_o the_o destination_n of_o the_o annualrent_a which_o be_v perfect_v by_o infeftment_n be_v a_o immovable_a and_o heritable_a right_n be_v declare_v to_o fall_v under_o executrie_n and_o so_o to_o be_v movable_a and_o yet_o by_o the_o say_a statute_n the_o relict_n and_o fisk_n be_v exclude_v the_o reason_n express_v in_o the_o statute_n be_v because_o the_o obliegment_n upon_o the_o debtor_n to_o pay_v annualrent_a be_v for_o the_o profit_n of_o the_o creditor_n and_o not_o a_o destination_n of_o infeftment_n of_o annualrent_n in_o favour_n of_o the_o heir_n to_o exclude_v the_o bairn_n and_o therefore_o such_o clause_n make_v not_o such_o sum_v heritable_a as_o to_o the_o bairn_n and_o near_a of_o kin_n unless_o they_o bear_v a_o obliegment_n to_o infeft_a the_o creditor_n in_o land_n or_o annualrent_a in_o which_o case_n they_o be_v proper_o heritable_a and_o belong_v only_o to_o the_o heir_n but_o if_o not_o the_o same_o belong_v to_o the_o bairn_n and_o near_a of_o kin_n excludendo_fw-la fiscum_fw-la &_o relictam_fw-la whereby_o there_o 〈◊〉_d a_o different_a division_n of_o movable_a sum_n fall_v under_o executrie_n one_o of_o such_o as_o be_v movable_a before_o the_o say_a act_n which_o if_o there_o be_v a_o wife_n and_o child_n be_v divide_v in_o three_o whereof_o the_o bairn_n be_v a_o three_o part_n and_o the_o dead_v part_v a_o three_o another_o in_o the_o testament_n of_o band_n bear_v annualrent_a which_o if_o their_o be_v bairn_n be_v divisible_a in_o two_o part_n whereof_o the_o one_o half_a be_v the_o bairn_n part_n and_o the_o other_o half_a the_o dead_v part_n and_o the_o relict_n have_v no_o part_n be_v exclude_v so_o that_o in_o case_n of_o escheat_n such_o sum_n be_v not_o movable_a nor_o fall_v not_o under_o escheat_n yet_o if_o such_o debt_n become_v simple_o movable_a by_o a_o requisition_n or_o charge_n or_o by_o the_o death_n of_o the_o debtor_n or_o creditor_n before_o the_o term_n of_o payment_n of_o annualrent_a or_o otherways_o they_o remain_v in_o the_o ancient_a condition_n and_o the_o statute_n do_v not_o exclude_v the_o fisk_n and_o relict_n but_o where_o a_o charge_n can_v not_o be_v give_v through_o the_o debtor_n or_o creditor_n death_n and_o there_o be_v no_o requisition_n provide_v and_o decreet_a for_o payment_n be_v not_o find_v to_o make_v the_o examine_v meveable_a as_o it_o will_v have_v be_v if_o the_o band_n have_v be_v heritable_a by_o a_o clause_n of_o infeftment_n and_o that_o because_o by_o a_o posterior_n band_n of_o corroboration_n for_o the_o same_o sum_n executor_n be_v exclude_v which_o no_o charge_n nor_o requisition_n do_v alter_v but_o it_o be_v still_o presume_v that_o the_o debtor_n will_v re-imploy_a the_o sum_n in_o the_o same_o way_n to_o his_o heir_n exclude_v executor_n and_o therefore_o a_o process_n and_o decreet_a for_o payment_n be_v not_o find_v to_o make_v it_o movable_a though_o these_o will_v make_v it_o movable_a as_o well_o as_o a_o requisition_n or_o charge_n if_o it_o have_v be_v heritable_a by_o a_o clause_n of_o infeftment_n july_n 12._o 1676._o crystie_n contra_fw-la crystie_n it_o be_v also_o consequent_a from_o the_o say_a statute_n 1._o that_o such_o band_n bear_v clause_n of_o annualrent_a may_v be_v exhaust_v by_o the_o debt_n due_a by_o the_o defunct_a bear_v clause_n of_o annualrent_a 2._o it_o be_v consequent_a that_o the_o executor_n will_v get_v no_o relief_n against_o the_o heir_n of_o debt_n bear_v clause_n of_o annualrent_n without_o clause_n of_o infeftment_n in_o so_o far_o as_o there_o be_v such_o debt_n in_o the_o executry_n but_o the_o heir_n will_v have_v relief_n thereof_o against_o the_o executor_n 3._o it_o follow_v that_o debt_n bear_v clause_n of_o annualrent_n and_o no_o clause_n of_o infeftment_n will_v not_o exhaust_v the_o relic_n part_n because_o as_o she_o be_v exclude_v from_o any_o share_n of_o such_o debt_n due_a to_o her_o husband_n so_o she_o must_v be_v free_a of_o any_o such_o debt_n due_a by_o he_o as_o be_v find_v december_n 23._o 1668._o magaret_n mckenzie_n contra_fw-la robertson_n 25._o succession_n in_o immovable_a and_o heritable_n right_n proceed_v whole_o in_o a_o different_a manner_n for_o succession_n in_o movable_n be_v more_o near_o to_o the_o course_n of_o natural_a succession_n and_o to_o the_o civil_a law_n of_o the_o roman_n especial_o their_o ancient_n and_o middle_a law_n but_o the_o sccession_n in_o heritable_a right_n aggrege_v more_o to_o the_o recent_a feudal_n custom_n of_o most_o nation_n whereby_o primogeniture_n be_v establish_v for_o the_o honour_n and_o preservation_n of_o noble_a family_n and_o in_o they_o for_o the_o good_a and_o safety_n of_o their_o king_n and_o country_n 26._o succession_n in_o immovables_n and_o heritable_n do_v main_o differ_v first_o that_o in_o movable_n the_o express_a will_n of_o the_o defunct_a by_o his_o testament_n and_o legacy_n and_o donation_n in_o contemplation_n of_o death_n have_v the_o first_o place_n but_o in_o heritable_a right_n they_o have_v no_o place_n at_o all_o yea_o no_o personal_a contract_n or_o obliegment_n of_o the_o fire_n can_v have_v any_o effect_n in_o prejudice_n of_o his_o heir_n to_o take_v from_o he_o any_o part_n of_o the_o heritage_n direct_o or_o indirect_o by_o legal_a pursuit_n thereupon_o if_o the_o foresay_a personal_n right_o or_o contract_n be_v do_v in_o lecto_fw-la aegretudinis_fw-la upon_o the_o fiar_n deathbed_n and_o though_o the_o same_o disposition_n or_o contract_n be_v make_v in_o the_o fiar_n health_n or_o liege_n pouste_a it_o do_v not_o alter_v the_o succession_n unless_o it_o be_v in_o the_o investiture_n though_o as_o be_v of_o itself_o or_o have_v in_o it_o virtuallie_o a_o personal_a obligation_n it_o may_v by_o process_n compel_v the_o fire_n or_o his_o heir_n to_o denude_v themselves_o and_o to_o obtain_v new_a infeftment_n conform_v thereto_o as_o if_o by_o contract_n any_o party_n may_v be_v provide_v to_o be_v the_o contracter_n heir_n in_o whole_a or_o in_o part_n his_o provision_n do_v not_o make_v that_o party_n heir_n in_o any_o right_n whereupon_o infeftment_n have_v follow_v which_o only_o proper_o be_v heritable_a right_n neither_o can_v that_o party_n be_v serve_v heir_n of_o provision_n to_o the_o contracter_n thereupon_o yet_o the_o contracter_n may_v be_v compel_v to_o take_v his_o right_n according_o to_o himself_o and_o these_o heir_n of_o provision_n which_o if_o he_o have_v not_o do_v his_o other_o heir_n may_v be_v compel_v to_o enter_v and_o to_o denude_v themselves_o in_o favour_n of_o that_o party_n provide_v to_o be_v heir_n conform_v to_o the_o contract_n but_o disposition_n obligation_n or_o contract_n of_o any_o heritable_a right_n on_o deathbed_n be_v null_n and_o reduceable_a in_o so_o far_o as_o may_v prejudge_v the_o heir_n 27._o the_o privilege_n of_o heir_n not_o be_v prejudge_v by_o their_o predecessor_n deed_n do_v on_o deathbed_n be_v as_o most_o of_o our_o law_n by_o ancient_a custom_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n and_o not_o by_o statute_n or_o write_v law_n for_o though_o the_o book_n call_v regiam_fw-la majestatem_fw-la treat_v thereof_o yet_o these_o be_v no_o part_n of_o our_o law_n but_o have_v be_v compyl_v by_o some_o stranger_n who_o have_v not_o full_o know_v our_o
man_n yet_o equity_n and_o the_o natural_a law_n in_o so_o far_o as_o it_o be_v allow_v declare_v and_o make_v effectual_a by_o man_n be_v in_o so_o far_o account_v among_o the_o law_n of_o man_n the_o law_n of_o man_n be_v either_o common_a to_o many_o nation_n or_o proper_a to_o one_o nation_n or_o peculiar_a to_o some_o place_n or_o incorporation_n in_o the_o same_o nation_n as_o be_v the_o municipal_a law_n in_o the_o roman_a republic_n and_o such_o be_v still_o in_o most_o nation_n not_o only_o in_o matter_n of_o lesser_a moment_n but_o in_o the_o high_a matter_n of_o private_a right_n as_o in_o succession_n which_o be_v diversify_v in_o many_o province_n in_o france_n germany_n and_o the_o netherlands_o and_o england_n as_o may_v be_v instance_a in_o the_o gavil_n kind_n of_o kent_n the_o law_n common_a to_o many_o nation_n be_v that_o which_o be_v common_o call_v the_o law_n of_o nation_n which_o stand_v in_o the_o custom_n own_v and_o acknowledge_v by_o all_o or_o at_o least_o the_o most_o civil_a nation_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o equity_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o reason_n though_o in_o part_n also_o there_o be_v positive_a law_n introduce_v by_o common_a consent_n of_o nation_n and_o which_o do_v no_o less_o oblige_v these_o nation_n as_o import_v their_o obligatory_a consent_n then_o do_v the_o custom_n of_o particular_a nation_n and_o incorporation_n such_o be_v the_o law_n of_o captivity_n and_o bondage_n of_o these_o take_v in_o war_n the_o safety_n of_o ambassador_n though_o more_o guilty_a of_o the_o common_a quarrel_n than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o nation_n from_o who_o they_o be_v send_v yet_o for_o common_a utility_n sake_n while_o they_o act_v in_o and_o conform_v to_o that_o capacity_n they_o be_v safe_a otherways_o there_o can_v be_v no_o commerce_n orderly_a indiction_n of_o war_n or_o pacification_n and_o therefore_o the_o roman_n when_o they_o have_v to_o do_v with_o barbarous_a nation_n who_o do_v not_o acknowledge_v this_o law_n do_v send_v their_o ambassador_n to_o their_o border_n and_o there_o do_v require_v reparation_n and_o denunce_v war_n because_o they_o can_v safe_o go_v no_o further_o and_o for_o the_o same_o reason_n though_o slavery_n be_v against_o the_o natural_a law_n of_o liberty_n yet_o it_o be_v receive_v for_o conveniency_n by_o the_o nation_n be_v more_o willing_a to_o lose_v liberty_n than_o life_n such_o also_o be_v the_o law_n of_o hospitality_n or_o the_o mutual_a trust_n betwixt_o the_o host_n and_o the_o guest_n who_o he_o have_v willing_o receive_v in_o his_o house_n whereby_o neither_o of_o they_o can_v act_v any_o thing_n prejudicial_a to_o the_o life_n or_o liberty_n of_o the_o other_o while_o in_o that_o relation_n though_o otherwise_o they_o have_v just_a reason_n and_o may_v do_v the_o same_o yet_o the_o do_v of_o it_o then_o be_v a_o violate_v of_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n but_o for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o law_n of_o nation_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o equity_n and_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o reason_n which_o stand_v as_o the_o common_a rule_n among_o man_n appoint_v of_o god_n by_o which_o they_o may_v know_v and_o crave_v each_o from_o other_o their_o right_n and_o in_o case_n of_o refusal_n may_v vindicate_v the_o same_o by_o force_n wherein_o they_o be_v still_o regulate_v by_o the_o common_a law_n of_o reason_n and_o the_o custom_n of_o nation_n keep_v a_o just_a proportion_n betwixt_o the_o wrong_n and_o reparation_n though_o take_v by_o force_n and_o not_o like_o draco_n who_o make_v the_o punishment_n of_o all_o his_o law_n death_n and_o therefore_o be_v say_v to_o be_v write_v in_o blood_n so_o by_o make_v the_o issue_n of_o every_o quarrel_n to_o be_v the_o conquest_n of_o the_o debel_v and_o the_o swallow_v up_o of_o all_o their_o right_n as_o if_o they_o have_v pactioned_a to_o put_v they_o all_o upon_o the_o issue_n of_o that_o war_n whereas_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o question_n by_o either_o party_n but_o the_o strive_n for_o reparation_n of_o that_o injury_n which_o the_o one_o ow_v and_o the_o other_o deny_v to_o acknowledge_v as_o a_o injury_n or_o refuse_v reparation_n thereof_o this_o law_n be_v chief_o understand_v when_o the_o common_a law_n be_v name_v among_o we_o though_o the_o english_a so_o name_v the_o common_a current_n of_o their_o civil_a law_n as_o opposite_a to_o statute_n and_o their_o late_a custom_n which_o be_v sometime_o so_o take_v with_o we_o and_o ofttimes_o by_o the_o common_a law_n we_o understand_v the_o roman_a law_n which_o in_o some_o sort_n be_v common_a to_o many_o nation_n 11._o the_o law_n of_o each_o society_n of_o people_n under_o the_o same_o sovereign_a authority_n be_v call_v the_o civil_a law_n or_o the_o law_n of_o the_o citizen_n of_o that_o commonwealth_n though_o that_o now_o be_v appropriate_a to_o the_o civil_a law_n of_o the_o roman_a commonwealth_n or_o 〈◊〉_d as_o the_o most_o excellent_a and_o because_o of_o that_o assinity_n that_o the_o law_n of_o scotland_n have_v with_o it_o as_o have_v also_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o chief_a nation_n to_o which_o the_o victorious_a arm_n of_o the_o roman_n do_v propagat_v it_o and_o its_o own_o worth_n even_o after_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n which_o have_v so_o commend_v it_o that_o though_o it_o be_v not_o acknowledge_v as_o a_o law_n bind_v for_o its_o authority_n yet_o as_o a_o rule_n follow_v for_o its_o equity_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o say_v something_o here_o of_o it_o the_o roman_n be_v first_o govern_v by_o king_n who_o give_v they_o law_n which_o be_v collect_v by_o papirius_n in_o the_o time_n of_o tarqvinius_n superbus_n be_v therefore_o call_v the_o papirian_a law_n tarqvinius_n and_o monarchy_n be_v throw_v out_o the_o papirian_a law_n collect_v in_o his_o time_n and_o name_n be_v partaker_n of_o his_o hatred_n and_o contempt_n of_o the_o people_n and_o there_o be_v no_o fix_v nor_o write_a law_n among_o the_o roman_n till_o they_o send_v the_o triumvir_n posthumus_fw-la maulius_n and_o sulpitius_n to_o the_o greek_a republic_n to_o understand_v the_o law_n of_o these_o commonwealth_n and_o thence_o to_o frame_v a_o model_n of_o government_n and_o law_n for_o the_o roman_a state_n which_o they_o do_v and_o make_v up_o the_o law_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n which_o be_v comprehend_v in_o few_o word_n and_o marrowy_a sentence_n all_o write_a upon_o twelve_o table_n be_v fix_v upon_o the_o most_o public_a mercat_n place_n at_o rome_n that_o they_o may_v be_v easy_o know_v and_o keep_v in_o mind_n by_o all_o the_o citizen_n these_o be_v so_o acceptable_a and_o satisfactory_a to_o the_o roman_n that_o they_o have_v be_v the_o foundation_n and_o principle_n of_o all_o that_o great_a body_n of_o law_n which_o afterward_o they_o have_v all_o which_o be_v order_v to_o that_o ancient_a law_n as_o extension_n and_o limitation_n of_o it_o which_o be_v do_v at_o first_o by_o part_n by_o the_o plebiscita_fw-la law_n enact_v by_o the_o suffrage_n of_o the_o people_n or_o by_o the_o senatus_n consulta_fw-la or_o by_o the_o edict_n of_o the_o praetor_n or_o by_o the_o response_n of_o the_o jurisprudents_n who_o be_v authorize_v to_o give_v answer_n in_o dubious_a case_n as_o cornelius_n nasica_n fabauf_n cato_n gallus_z ariciusidius_fw-la manlius_n scevola_n crassus_n juventius_n ulpianus_n paulus_n julianus_n and_o other_o and_o when_o the_o sovereign_a power_n be_v devolve_v upon_o the_o emperor_n by_o their_o edict_n rescript_n and_o decree_n until_o the_o roman_a law_n increase_v unto_o so_o great_a a_o bulk_n that_o there_o be_v thousand_o of_o book_n of_o law_n in_o which_o the_o brevity_n and_o perspicuity_n of_o the_o twelve_o table_n be_v then_o lose_v as_o now_o the_o body_n of_o they_o through_o the_o injury_n of_o time_n have_v perish_v but_o at_o last_o the_o emperor_n justinian_n do_v by_o the_o pain_n of_o seventeen_o select_a jurisconsult_v pick_v out_o the_o marrow_n of_o all_o the_o ancient_a law_n and_o digest_v they_o into_o some_o method_n into_o the_o fifty_o book_n of_o the_o digest_v or_o pandect_n which_o therefore_o have_v the_o author_n of_o every_o law_n prefix_v to_o it_o he_o do_v also_o by_o tribonian_a and_o other_o collect_v the_o rescript_n decree_n and_o all_o the_o edict_n of_o the_o emperor_n which_o before_o be_v more_o imperfect_o compile_v in_o their_o theodosian_a codex_fw-la and_o which_o thereafter_o he_o perfeit_v and_o name_v the_o justinian_n codex_fw-la as_o posterior_n constitution_n of_o the_o emperor_n be_v gather_v together_o in_o nine_o collation_n which_o be_v call_v the_o novel_a constitution_n justinian_n do_v also_o cause_n frame_v the_o four_o book_n of_o the_o institutes_n as_o the_o sum_n and_o element_n of_o the_o whole_a law_n but_o as_o nothing_o humane_a be_v stable_n
the_o institution_n of_o the_o law_n of_o scotland_n deduce_v from_o its_o original_n and_o collate_v with_o the_o civil_a canon_n and_o feudal-law_n and_o with_o the_o custom_n of_o neighbour_a nation_n the_o first_o part_n by_o sir_n james_n dalrymple_n of_o stair_n precedent_n of_o the_o session_n edinburgh_n print_v by_o the_o heir_n of_o andrew_n anderson_n printer_n to_o his_o most_o sacred_a majesty_n anno_fw-la dom._n 1681._o to_z the_o king_n may_v it_o please_v your_o majesty_n i_o do_v humble_o present_a to_o your_o majesty_n a_o summary_n of_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o your_o ancient_a kingdom_n of_o scotland_n which_o can_v be_v no_o where_o so_o fit_o place_v as_o under_o the_o ray_n of_o your_o royal_a protection_n i_o be_o confident_a it_o will_v tend_v to_o the_o honour_n and_o renoun_n of_o your_o majesty_n and_o your_o princely_a progenitor_n that_o you_o have_v govern_v this_o nation_n so_o long_o and_o so_o happy_o by_o such_o just_a and_o convenient_a law_n which_o be_v here_o offer_v to_o the_o view_n of_o the_o world_n in_o a_o plain_a rational_a and_o natural_a method_n in_o which_o material_a justice_n the_o common_a law_n of_o the_o world_n be_v in_o the_o first_o place_n orderly_o deduce_v from_o self_n evident_a principle_n through_o all_o the_o several_a private_a right_n thence_o arise_v and_o in_o the_o next_o place_n the_o expedient_n of_o the_o most_o polite_a nation_n for_o ascertain_v and_o expede_v the_o right_n and_o interest_n of_o mankind_n be_v apply_v in_o their_o proper_a place_n especial_o these_o which_o have_v be_v invent_v or_o follow_v by_o this_o nation_n so_o that_o a_o great_a part_n of_o what_o be_v here_o offer_v be_v common_a to_o most_o civil_a nation_n and_o be_v not_o like_a to_o be_v displease_v to_o the_o judicious_a and_o sober_a any_o where_o who_o dote_v not_o so_o much_o upon_o their_o own_o custom_n as_o to_o think_v that_o none_o else_o be_v worthy_a of_o their_o notice_n there_o be_v not_o much_o here_o assert_v upon_o mere_a authority_n or_o impose_v for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o quia_fw-la majoribus_fw-la placuerunt_fw-la but_o the_o rational_a motive_n inductive_a of_o the_o several_a law_n and_o custom_n be_v therewith_o hold_v forth_o and_o though_o the_o application_n of_o those_o common_a rule_n to_o the_o variety_n of_o case_n determine_v by_o our_o statute_n our_o ancient_a custom_n and_o the_o more_o recent_a decision_n of_o our_o supreme_a court_n be_v peculiar_a to_o we_o yet_o even_o the_o quadrancy_n of_o these_o to_o the_o common_a dictate_v of_o reason_n and_o justice_n may_v make_v they_o the_o less_o displease_v and_o that_o no_o nation_n have_v so_o few_o word_n of_o art_n but_o that_o almost_o all_o our_o term_n be_v near_o the_o common_a and_o vulgar_a acceptation_n yea_o the_o historical_a part_n relate_v the_o help_n and_o expedient_n for_o clear_v and_o secure_v the_o right_n of_o man_n out_o of_o the_o word_n of_o god_n the_o moral_a and_o judicial_a law_n contain_v therein_o the_o civil_a canon_n and_o feudal_n law_n and_o many_o custom_n of_o the_o neighbour_a nation_n digest_v as_o they_o fall_v in_o with_o the_o common_a rule_n of_o justice_n may_v probable_o be_v acceptable_a to_o these_o who_o may_v and_o will_v allow_v time_n for_o their_o perusal_n a_o quaint_a and_o glide_a style_n much_o less_o the_o flourish_v of_o eloquence_n the_o ordinary_a condiment_n and_o varnish_n which_o qualify_v the_o pain_n of_o read_v can_v not_o just_o be_v expect_v in_o a_o treatise_n of_o law_n which_o of_o all_o subject_n do_v require_v the_o most_o plain_a and_o accurate_a expression_n to_o balance_v which_o the_o nausiate_a burden_n of_o citation_n be_v as_o much_o as_o can_v be_v leave_v out_o we_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o be_v among_o the_o great_a and_o rich_a kingdom_n of_o the_o earth_n yet_o we_o know_v not_o who_o can_v claim_v preference_n in_o antiquity_n and_o integrity_n be_v of_o one_o blood_n and_o lineage_n without_o mixture_n of_o any_o other_o people_n and_o have_v so_o continue_v above_o two_o thousand_o year_n during_o all_o which_o no_o foreign_a power_n be_v ever_o able_a to_o settle_v the_o dominion_n of_o a_o strange_a lord_n over_o we_o or_o to_o make_v we_o forsake_v our_o allegiance_n to_o your_o majesty_n royal_a ancestor_n our_o native_a and_o kind_o king_n whereas_o most_o of_o the_o other_o kingdom_n be_v compond_n of_o diverse_a nation_n and_o have_v be_v subjugate_v to_o prince_n of_o different_a and_o opposite_a family_n and_o ofttimes_o foreigner_n the_o great_a monarchy_n which_o do_v design_n universality_n be_v all_o break_a in_o piece_n and_o there_o be_v no_o family_n that_o can_v claim_v a_o just_a title_n to_o redintegrat_fw-la any_o of_o they_o there_o be_v no_o emperor_n nor_o king_n except_o yourself_o but_o know_v to_o what_o other_o family_n their_o predecessor_n do_v succeed_v and_o when_o and_o by_o what_o mean_v it_o be_v evident_a what_o a_o mixture_n have_v be_v in_o greece_n and_o italy_n in_o france_n and_o spain_n in_o england_n and_o elsewhere_o this_o nation_n have_v not_o be_v obscure_a and_o unknown_a to_o the_o world_n but_o the_o most_o famous_a nation_n have_v make_v use_n of_o our_o arm_n and_o have_v still_o in_o grateful_a remembrance_n retain_v trophy_n and_o monument_n of_o our_o courage_n and_o constancy_n there_o be_v few_o war_n in_o christendom_n wherein_o we_o have_v not_o have_v considerable_a body_n of_o soldier_n regimented_a and_o command_v by_o themselves_o and_o ofttimes_o general_a officer_n command_v they_o and_o whole_a army_n of_o stranger_n with_o great_a reputation_n and_o gallantry_n which_o do_v advance_v they_o above_o the_o native_n of_o these_o country_n where_o they_o serve_v neither_o have_v we_o want_v the_o fame_n of_o learning_n at_o home_n and_o abroad_o in_o the_o most_o eminent_a profession_n divine_a or_o humane_a and_o as_o every_o where_o the_o most_o pregnant_a and_o active_a spirit_n apply_v themselves_o to_o the_o study_n and_o practice_n of_o law_n so_o these_o that_o apply_v themselves_o to_o that_o profession_n among_o we_o have_v give_v great_a evidence_n of_o sharp_a and_o pierce_a spirit_n with_o much_o readiness_n of_o conception_n and_o dexterity_n of_o expression_n which_o be_v necessary_a qualification_n both_o of_o the_o bench_n and_o bar_n whereby_o the_o law_n of_o this_o kingdom_n have_v attain_v to_o so_o great_a perfection_n that_o it_o may_v without_o arrogance_n be_v compare_v with_o the_o law_n of_o any_o of_o our_o neighbour_a nation_n for_o we_o be_v happy_a in_o have_v so_o few_o and_o so_o clear_a statute_n our_o law_n be_v most_o part_n consuetudinary_a whereby_o what_o be_v find_v inconvenient_a be_v obliterat_fw-la and_o forget_v our_o form_n be_v plain_a and_o prompt_a whereby_o the_o generality_n of_o the_o judicious_a have_v with_o little_a pain_n much_o insight_n in_o our_o law_n and_o do_v with_o the_o more_o security_n enjoy_v their_o right_n and_o possession_n which_o by_o our_o public_a record_n be_v better_o know_v then_o any_o where_o by_o which_o we_o may_v with_o the_o great_a assurance_n trust_v our_o purchase_n see_v no_o land-right_a be_v effectual_a against_o purchaser_n by_o consent_n or_o by_o law_n but_o where_o the_o ultimate_a perfection_n thereof_o by_o seize_v or_o other_o evident_a be_v upon_o record_n in_o register_n set_v apart_o for_o the_o several_a right_n without_o mixture_n of_o any_o other_o whereof_o there_o be_v authentic_a minute-book_n keep_v with_o the_o record_n in_o each_o shire_n and_o jurisdiction_n whereby_o with_o the_o least_o pain_n or_o expense_n all_o the_o right_n affect_v any_o land_n within_o the_o course_n of_o prescription_n can_v easy_o be_v find_v we_o be_v not_o involve_v in_o the_o labyrinth_n of_o many_o and_o large_a statute_n whereof_o the_o posterior_n do_v ordinary_o abrogate_v or_o derogate_v from_o the_o prio_fw-la that_o it_o require_v a_o great_a part_n of_o a_o life_n to_o be_v prompt_a in_o all_o these_o wind_n without_o which_o no_o man_n with_o sincerity_n and_o confidence_n can_v consult_v or_o plead_v much_o less_o can_v the_o subject_n by_o their_o own_o industry_n know_v where_o to_o rest_v but_o must_v give_v more_o implicit_a faith_n to_o their_o judge_n and_o lawyer_n than_o they_o need_v or_o aught_o to_o give_v to_o their_o divine_n and_o we_o do_v always_o prefer_v the_o sense_n to_o the_o subtlety_n of_o law_n and_o do_v seldom_o trip_v by_o niecity_n or_o formality_n the_o great_a fixation_n and_o improvement_n of_o our_o law_n have_v be_v by_o the_o establishment_n of_o the_o supreme_a civil_a judicature_n of_o the_o kingdom_n by_o king_n james_n the_o five_o in_o the_o institution_n of_o the_o college_n of_o justice_n consist_v of_o fifteen_o ordinary_a senator_n in_o place_n of_o the_o king_n daily_a council_n which_o follow_v his_o residence_n and_o court_n and_o of_o the_o lord_n of_o session_n
appear_v that_o such_o case_n have_v be_v of_o purpose_n omit_v by_o the_o parliament_n the_o lord_n will_v not_o extend_v the_o same_o as_o albeit_o by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1621._o cap._n 6._o composition_n to_o superior_n for_o receive_v appriser_n be_v appoint_v and_o the_o same_o in_o the_o next_o act_n omit_v as_o to_o adjudger_n therefore_o the_o lord_n presume_v thence_o from_o the_o propinquity_n of_o these_o act_n that_o such_o composition_n be_v omit_v of_o purpose_n they_o will_v not_o extend_v the_o benefit_n of_o the_o superior_a to_o a_o composition_n in_o adjudication_n dury_n 21._o of_o july_n 1636._o greirson_n contra_fw-la closburn_n but_o now_o it_o be_v extend_v to_o adjudication_n that_o in_o these_o superior_a have_v a_o composition_n by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 23._o decemb._n 1669._o how_o far_o the_o civil_a common_a or_o feudal_n law_n have_v place_n with_o we_o have_v be_v already_o say_v but_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v think_v that_o the_o feudal_n law_n be_v our_o proper_a law_n as_o craig_n relate_v lib._n 1._o dig_v 8._o sect_n per._n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o thing_n as_o a_o common_a feudal_n law_n but_o it_o be_v local_a and_o customary_a to_o every_o place_n and_o do_v not_o extend_v to_o the_o half_a of_o our_o right_n craig_n do_v very_o well_o observe_v near_o that_o place_n that_o these_o book_n call_v regiam_fw-la majestatem_fw-la be_v no_o part_n of_o our_o law_n but_o be_v compile_v for_o the_o custom_n of_o england_n in_o 13._o book_n by_o the_o earl_n of_o chester_n and_o by_o some_o unknown_a and_o inconsiderate_a hand_n steal_v thence_o and_o resarcinate_v into_o these_o four_o book_n which_o pass_v among_o we_o which_o though_o they_o be_v mention_v to_o be_v revise_v and_o reform_v with_o our_o former_a ancient_a law_n par._n 1425._o cap._n 54._o par._n 1487._o cap._n 115._o yet_o these_o do_v not_o acknowledge_v they_o as_o already_o become_v our_o law_n but_o as_o such_o as_o by_o alteration_n thereof_o may_v become_v our_o law_n the_o law_n of_o scotland_n in_o its_o nearness_n to_o equity_n plainness_n and_o facility_n in_o its_o custom_n tenor_n and_o form_n and_o in_o its_o celerity_n and_o dispatch_n in_o the_o administration_n and_o execution_n of_o it_o may_v be_v well_o parrallele_v with_o the_o best_a law_n in_o christendom_n which_o will_v more_o plain_o appear_v when_o the_o proportion_n and_o propinquity_n of_o it_o to_o equity_n shall_v be_v see_v 16._o before_o we_o come_v to_o the_o common_a principle_n of_o law_n this_o question_n will_v be_v resolve_v whether_o law_n may_v or_o shall_v be_v handle_v as_o a_o rational_a discipline_n have_v principle_n from_o whence_o its_o conclusion_n may_v be_v deduce_v most_n lawyer_n be_v for_o the_o negative_a part_n common_o esteem_v law_n especial_o the_o positive_a and_o proper_a law_n of_o any_o nation_n incapable_a of_o such_o a_o deduction_n as_o be_v dependent_a upon_o the_o will_n and_o pleasure_n of_o lawgiver_n and_o introduce_v for_o utility_n sake_n and_o so_o frequent_o alterable_a that_o they_o can_v be_v draw_v from_o prior_n common_a principle_n and_o keep_v the_o artificial_a method_n of_o rational_a discipline_n and_o therefore_o they_o rest_v satisfy_v with_o any_o order_n whereby_o the_o particular_a head_n and_o title_n may_v be_v find_v whereunto_o the_o confuse_a order_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n which_o be_v the_o great_a blemish_n in_o it_o have_v be_v instrumental_a for_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o ordinar_n for_o learned_a man_n than_o to_o maintain_v their_o author_n and_o through_o their_o respect_n to_o they_o not_o to_o be_v sensible_a of_o their_o tolerable_a error_n there_o be_v little_a to_o be_v find_v among_o the_o commentars_n and_o treatise_n upon_o the_o civil_a law_n argue_v from_o any_o know_a principle_n of_o right_a but_o all_o their_o debate_n be_v a_o congestion_n of_o the_o context_n of_o the_o law_n which_o exceed_o nauseate_v delicate_a engine_n find_v much_o more_o work_n for_o their_o memory_n than_o judgement_n in_o take_v up_o and_o retain_v the_o lawgiver_n will_v rather_o than_o search_v into_o his_o reason_n yet_o there_o be_v not_o want_v of_o late_a of_o the_o learnede_a lawyer_n who_o have_v think_v it_o both_o feasible_a and_o fit_a that_o the_o law_n shall_v be_v form_v as_o a_o rational_a discipline_n and_o have_v much_o regret_v that_o it_o have_v not_o be_v effectuate_v yea_o scarce_o attempt_v by_o any_o as_o duarrenus_fw-la de_fw-la ratione_fw-la discendi_fw-la docendique_fw-la juris_fw-la and_o grotius_n in_o his_o prologue_n to_o his_o learned_a treatise_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la belli_fw-la &_o pacis_fw-la for_o which_o there_o be_v many_o peregnant_a reason_n first_o as_o we_o have_v hint_v before_o equity_n or_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n stand_v whole_o in_o these_o practical_a principle_n which_o be_v create_v in_o and_o with_o the_o soul_n of_o man_n and_o arise_v in_o he_o without_o reason_v or_o debate_n as_o natural_o as_o the_o heat_n do_v from_o the_o fire_n or_o the_o light_n from_o the_o sun_n and_o in_o these_o rule_n of_o righteousness_n which_o be_v deduce_v thence_o by_o evident_a reason_n so_o that_o law_n be_v reason_n itself_o as_o it_o be_v versant_a about_o the_o right_n of_o man_n and_o therefore_o call_v the_o law_n of_o reason_n and_o can_v there_o be_v any_o thing_n more_o congruous_a to_o a_o natural_a discipline_n than_o reason_n itself_o and_o its_o principle_n second_o god_n in_o his_o goodness_n have_v give_v man_n more_o radiant_a ray_n of_o reason_n and_o preserve_v it_o more_o after_o his_o fall_n about_o his_o right_n meum_fw-la &_o tuum_fw-la than_o in_o any_o other_o science_n or_o knowledge_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v dubious_a and_o conjectural_a and_o attainable_a only_a with_o great_a pain_n but_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o right_a a_o man_n of_o reason_n though_o without_o education_n if_o not_o blind_v or_o bias_v with_o affection_n or_o interest_n or_o mar_v with_o the_o statute_n and_o custom_n of_o man_n which_o be_v but_o as_o their_o contract_n and_o matter_n of_o fact_n to_o he_o will_v be_v able_a to_o discern_v right_a from_o wrong_n though_o he_o can_v be_v so_o distinct_a as_o by_o reflect_v on_o his_o own_o knowledge_n to_o take_v up_o and_o hold_v forth_o the_o ground_n upon_o which_o he_o do_v proceed_v or_o to_o reach_v matter_n of_o intricacy_n or_o difficulty_n which_o require_v 〈◊〉_d judgement_n and_o long_a experience_n three_o 〈◊〉_d expostulate_v and_o argue_v with_o man_n even_o for_o moral_a duty_n from_o their_o common_a principle_n of_o righteousness_n which_o their_o conscience_n can_v reject_v as_o be_v evident_a every_o where_o in_o his_o word_n and_o therefore_o see_v the_o law_n have_v such_o principle_n it_o may_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v hold_v forth_o as_o it_o be_v deduce_v from_o they_o as_o to_o the_o difficulty_n which_o seem_v to_o arise_v from_o the_o variety_n and_o multiplication_n of_o positive_a law_n it_o will_v say_v nothing_o for_o see_v positive_a law_n be_v only_o to_o declare_v equity_n or_o make_v it_o effectual_a and_o in_o some_o case_n to_o lay_v aside_o the_o effect_n of_o it_o for_o the_o profit_n of_o man_n now_o in_o his_o lapse_v estate_n it_o may_v be_v easy_o order_v by_o bring_v it_o to_o the_o part_n of_o equity_n whereunto_o it_o do_v relate_v and_o as_o a_o man_n body_n may_v well_o be_v describe_v though_o it_o be_v not_o naked_a and_o in_o its_o pure_a natural_n and_o have_v its_o hair_n cut_v and_o order_v and_o ornament_n upon_o it_o all_o which_o will_v fall_v to_o be_v describe_v as_o appendicles_a to_o the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o body_n which_o they_o adorn_v for_o equity_n be_v the_o body_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o man_n be_v but_o as_o the_o ornament_n and_o vestiture_n thereof_o and_o in_o the_o explanation_n of_o every_o part_n of_o it_o it_o will_v most_o fit_o fall_v in_o but_o the_o best_a demonstration_n of_o this_o will_v be_v ocular_a by_o delineation_n of_o equity_n and_o positive_a law_n together_o 17._o the_o principle_n of_o law_n be_v such_o as_o be_v know_v without_o argue_v and_o to_o which_o the_o judgement_n upon_o apprehenosin_n thereof_o will_v give_v its_o ready_a and_o full_a assent_n such_o as_o god_n be_v to_o be_v adorn_v and_o obey_v parent_n to_o be_v obey_v and_o honour_v child_n to_o be_v love_v and_o entertain_v and_o such_o be_v these_o common_a precept_n which_o be_v set_v forth_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n to_o live_v honest_o to_o wrong_v no_o man_n and_o to_o give_v every_o man_n his_o right_n but_o here_o we_o shall_v speak_v of_o the_o most_o general_a principle_n which_o have_v influence_n upon_o all_o the_o right_n of_o man_n leave_v the_o more_o particular_a one_o to_o the_o right_n flow_v therefrom_o the_o first_o principle_n of_o equity_n be_v these_o
material_n be_v make_v use_n of_o bona_fw-la or_o mala_fw-la fide_fw-la yea_o though_o the_o material_n be_v affect_v with_o theft_n which_o in_o other_o case_n be_v labes_fw-la realis_fw-la the_o public_a interest_n will_v not_o suffer_v demolition_n but_o give_v the_o prior_n owner_n the_o value_n secundum_fw-la pretium_fw-la affectionis_fw-la and_o further_o punish_v the_o transgressor_n as_o the_o roman_a law_n give_v the_o double_a value_n but_o if_o before_o receive_v of_o that_o satisfaction_n the_o building_n become_v to_o be_v demolish_v there_o be_v no_o doubt_n but_o the_o owner_n of_o such_o material_n will_v recover_v the_o same_o rei_fw-la vindicatione_n upon_o the_o like_a ground_n of_o common_a utility_n the_o roman_a law_n do_v constitute_v property_n by_o contexture_n whereby_o the_o material_n wrought_v into_o cloth_n garment_n or_o other_o artifact_n do_v become_v the_o property_n of_o the_o owner_n of_o that_o artifact_n if_o without_o destruction_n thereof_o or_o considerable_a detriment_n thereto_o such_o material_n can_v not_o be_v separate_a therefrom_o in_o which_o they_o make_v no_o difference_n whether_o these_o material_n be_v make_v use_n of_o bona_fw-la or_o mala_fw-la fide_fw-la nor_o do_v the_o inherent_a labes_fw-la of_o material_n steal_v hinder_v the_o accession_n and_o appropriation_n thereof_o by_o contexture_n §_o 26._o instit_n de_fw-fr rerum_fw-la divisione_n but_o both_o in_o constructure_n and_o contexture_n he_o who_o thereby_o acquire_v the_o property_n of_o material_n belong_v to_o other_o owner_n see_v restitution_n thereof_o cease_v he_o be_v liable_a not_o only_o for_o recompense_n in_o quantum_fw-la locupletior_fw-la fastus_fw-la est_fw-la but_o also_o for_o reparation_n of_o the_o damage_n of_o the_o former_a owner_n in_o which_o the_o manner_n of_o acquisition_n be_v consider_v for_o if_o the_o material_n of_o other_o be_v make_v use_n of_o in_o constructure_n or_o contexture_n bona_fw-la fide_fw-la the_o orninar_a value_n thereof_o be_v only_o due_a but_o otherways_o the_o great_a value_n according_a to_o the_o estimation_n of_o the_o former_a owner_n per_fw-la pretium_fw-la affectionis_fw-la in_o contexture_n it_o be_v consider_v what_o be_v the_o design_n of_o the_o artefact_n that_o it_o may_v appear_v what_o it_o be_v principal_a and_o what_o it_o be_v accessary_a as_o in_o clothes_n the_o material_n though_o much_o more_o precious_a than_o the_o cloth_n be_v accessary_a thereto_o and_o the_o property_n of_o the_o whole_a befall_v not_o to_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o material_n but_o the_o owner_n of_o the_o clothes_n and_o precious_a stone_n set_v in_o ring_n be_v accessary_a thereto_o though_o more_o precious_a than_o the_o gold_n or_o other_o material_a of_o the_o ring_n but_o otherways_o if_o a_o gemm_n beset_v in_o gold_n the_o gold_n become_v accessary_a thereto_o and_o wherever_o the_o case_n be_v dubious_a that_o which_o be_v of_o great_a value_n carry_v the_o property_n of_o the_o whole_a albeit_o that_o contraversy_n have_v be_v seldom_o move_v with_o we_o as_o to_o constructure_n or_o contexture_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o we_o will_v proceed_v upon_o the_o like_a ground_n of_o equity_n and_o utility_n upon_o the_o like_a ground_n of_o accession_n question_n in_o relation_n to_o picture_n be_v to_o be_v resolve_v for_o if_o the_o ground_n broad_a or_o table_n of_o a_o picture_n belong_v to_o one_o and_o the_o same_o be_v paint_v by_o another_o either_o for_o his_o own_o use_n or_o for_o the_o use_n of_o a_o three_o party_n there_o do_v not_o continue_v two_o distinct_a property_n one_o of_o the_o broad_a and_o another_o of_o the_o picture_n nor_o a_o communion_n by_o proportion_n of_o interest_n but_o the_o property_n of_o the_o whole_a befall_v to_o one_o as_o to_o which_o there_o be_v a_o contrariety_n betwixt_o the_o two_o roman_a jurisconsults_a paulus_n and_o caius_n for_o paulus_n allow_v the_o picture_n to_o follow_v the_o broad_a as_o accessary_a thereto_o and_o carry_v therewith_o l._n in_o rem_fw-la 23._o §_o 3._o ff_n de_fw-fr rei_fw-la vindicatione_n but_o caius_n on_o the_o contrair_a attribute_v the_o broad_a as_o accessary_a to_o the_o picture_n l._n 9_o §_o 2._o ff_n de_fw-fr acquirendo_fw-la rerum_fw-la dominio_fw-la and_o both_o sentence_n be_v confirm_v by_o justinian_n in_o the_o digest_v in_o the_o institutes_n he_o prefer_v the_o opinion_n of_o caius_n §_o 34._o instit._fw-la de_fw-la rerum_fw-la divisione_n upon_o that_o reason_n that_o it_o be_v ridiculous_a that_o a_o precious_a picture_n of_o appelles_n shall_v follow_v a_o broad_a though_o of_o the_o low_a value_n albeit_o before_o precious_a stone_n though_o of_o great_a value_n than_o cloth_n be_v declare_v by_o he_o to_o be_v carry_v therewith_o positive_a law_n may_v determine_v the_o point_n either_o way_n without_o injustice_n according_a to_o equity_n and_o expediency_n but_o there_o be_v diverse_a case_n in_o the_o matter_n which_o shall_v be_v diverse_o resolve_v as_o first_o if_o any_o picture_n be_v paint_v upon_o a_o wall_n or_o other_o immovable_a it_o do_v necessary_o cede_fw-la to_o the_o ground_n thereof_o and_o quality_n wherever_o the_o picture_n be_v for_o ornament_n of_o its_o ground_n as_o when_o a_o scrine_n or_o cabin_n or_o the_o like_a movable_n be_v paint_v because_o the_o adorn_v of_o the_o ground_n be_v in_o that_o case_n design_v but_o a_o face_n or_o any_o other_o picture_n where_o the_o broad_a be_v only_o design_v for_o it_o the_o broad_a be_v most_o convenient_o esteem_v as_o accessary_a thereto_o and_o in_o all_o case_n the_o owner_n of_o the_o whole_a be_v liable_a in_o quantum_fw-la lucratus_fw-la est_fw-la even_o though_o the_o paint_n be_v do_v by_o he_o who_o know_v that_o the_o ground_n be_v not_o his_o own_o for_o in_o that_o case_n the_o presumption_n be_v not_o strong_a enough_o that_o he_o do_v it_o animo_fw-la donandi_fw-la for_o it_o can_v be_v imagine_v that_o the_o make_v use_n of_o a_o inconsiderable_a broad_n of_o a_o other_o shall_v infer_v the_o purpose_n of_o gift_v a_o fine_a picture_n thereupon_o neither_o that_o they_o who_o paint_v a_o wall_n scrine_n or_o box_n of_o other_o be_v articens_n who_o work_n for_o profit_n do_v the_o same_o to_o gift_n but_o to_o oblige_v the_o other_o party_n write_v upon_o parchment_n paper_n or_o other_o table_n be_v by_o the_o rontan_n law_n account_v as_o accessary_a thereto_o instit._fw-la de_fw-la rerum_fw-la divisione_n §_o 33._o l._n 3._o §_o pen._n ff_o ad_fw-la exhibendum_fw-la which_o be_v very_a disionant_n from_o that_o which_o be_v there_o determine_v of_o picture_n and_o therefore_o be_v every_o where_o in_o desuetude_n as_o be_v observe_v by_o grotius_n minsynger_v and_o other_o both_z as_o to_o write_v and_o print_n in_o the_o same_o way_n as_o paint_v for_o if_o the_o write_n be_v upon_o the_o wall_n or_o other_o movable_n of_o another_o or_o if_o it_o be_v upon_o the_o book_n of_o other_o it_o cede_v thereto_o but_o if_o it_o be_v upon_o paper_n or_o parchment_n the_o design_n and_o use_v whereof_o be_v for_o write_v and_o the_o use_n whereof_o be_v consume_v and_o lose_v by_o write_v it_o do_v follow_v the_o write_n and_o it_o be_v very_o unreasonable_a to_o think_v that_o the_o evident_n and_o security_n of_o land_n or_o any_o manuscript_n shall_v be_v accessary_a to_o the_o paper_n or_o parchment_n whereon_o they_o be_v write_v and_o which_o be_v only_o design_v to_o bear_v and_o preserve_v the_o write_n 38._o it_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o the_o roman_a law_n which_o we_o follow_v inedificatum_fw-la solo_fw-la cedit_fw-la for_o thereby_o all_o building_n of_o house_n wall_n wells_n dyk_n etc._n etc._n and_o general_o all_o thing_n fix_v to_o the_o ground_n be_v account_v as_o part_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o pass_v therewith_o though_o not_o express_v to_o all_o singular_a successor_n and_o not_o to_o executor_n but_o to_o heir_n and_o thence_o not_o only_o the_o material_n of_o other_o become_v the_o owner_n of_o the_o ground_n on_o which_o they_o be_v build_v and_o for_o preserve_v of_o policy_n can_v be_v demolish_v as_o have_v be_v say_v of_o constructure_n but_o likeways_o he_o that_o build_v with_o his_o own_o material_n upon_o another_o man_n ground_n the_o samin_n accresce_fw-it to_o the_o ground_n and_o if_o the_o owner_n of_o these_o material_n know_v the_o ground_n to_o be_v another_o the_o roman_a law_n give_v he_o no_o recompense_n therefore_o but_o presume_v it_o to_o be_v do_v animo_fw-la donandi_fw-la which_o be_v rather_o penal_a in_o hatred_n of_o these_o who_o encroach_v upon_o the_o ground_n of_o other_o then_o from_o any_o sufficient_a ground_n of_o presumption_n and_o therefore_o our_o custom_n do_v allow_v a_o recompense_n to_o the_o builder_n in_o so_o far_o as_o the_o heretor_fw-la be_v profit_v thereby_o in_o that_o he_o may_v get_v a_o great_a rent_n for_o that_o building_n but_o building_n by_o tenant_n of_o house_n for_o their_o own_o use_n though_o at_o
be_v give_v and_o expire_v which_o in_o all_o decreet_n proceed_v upon_o citation_n require_v fifteen_o day_n in_o which_o address_n may_v bemade_v to_o the_o lord_n three_o decreet_n of_o baron_n have_v no_o execution_n by_o horning_n which_o go_v of_o course_n upon_o the_o decreet_n precept_n and_o execution_n of_o other_o judge_n ordinary_a so_o that_o all_o the_o execution_n upon_o their_o sentence_n be_v only_o poind_v or_o corporal_a punishment_n as_o to_o which_o if_o there_o be_v any_o process_n for_o capital_a punishment_n the_o lord_n will_v very_o easy_o grant_v advocation_n as_o they_o do_v advocate_n cause_n from_o inferior_a judge_n not_o only_o upon_o incompotency_n but_o upon_o intricacy_n and_o importance_n so_o there_o be_v nothing_o more_o important_a than_o the_o life_n of_o man_n they_o will_v easy_o advocate_n such_o process_n wherein_o baron_n shall_v not_o proceed_v summary_o to_o execution_n but_o both_o they_o and_o other_o inferior_a judge_n ordinary_a shall_v after_o sentence_n at_o least_o abide_v term_n of_o law_n by_o the_o space_n of_o fifteen_o day_n that_o the_o lord_n may_v give_v remeed_o by_o advocation_n or_o suspension_n of_o execution_n for_o though_o the_o lord_n have_v not_o criminal_a jurisdiction_n they_o do_v ordinary_o advocate_n and_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n may_v suspend_v criminal_a process_n to_o the_o effect_n the_o same_o may_v be_v remit_v to_o competent_a and_o unsuspect_a judge_n so_o that_o if_o there_o be_v any_o doubtfulness_n in_o the_o case_n the_o lord_n will_v remit_v the_o cause_n to_o the_o justice_n four_o the_o court_n of_o baron_n or_o freeholders_n be_v not_o court_n of_o record_n in_o which_o write_v use_v to_o be_v registrat_n 64._o as_o the_o court_n of_o baron_n and_o freeholders_n have_v these_o restriction_n more_o than_o the_o inferior_a judge_n so_o they_o have_v this_o advantage_n ordinary_o that_o all_o the_o profit_n and_o issue_n of_o their_o court_n belong_v to_o themselves_o whereas_o sheriff_n stewart_n and_o bailiff_n of_o royalty_n be_v countable_a to_o the_o king_n see_v these_o be_v the_o king_n court_n but_o bailiff_n of_o regality_n be_v not_o countable_a because_o though_o they_o be_v the_o king_n court_n yet_o the_o king_n have_v gift_v the_o profit_n of_o the_o court_n by_o the_o erection_n of_o the_o regality_n if_o then_o a_o infeftment_n contain_v court_n the_o profit_v thereof_o be_v carry_v therewith_o though_o not_o express_v but_o ordinary_o they_o bear_v cum_fw-la curiis_fw-la earumque_fw-la exitibus_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o amerciament_n of_o court_n or_o there_o other_o issue_n or_o there_o privilege_n on_o the_o breaker_n of_o arreeistment_n lose_v their_o tack_n to_o their_o master_n within_o their_o barony_n be_v not_o comprehend_v within_o public_a confiscation_n reserve_v to_o the_o king_n 65._o fortalice_n be_v also_o inter_v regalia_z and_o be_v not_o carry_v by_o the_o fee_n unless_o express_v or_o at_o least_o the_o land_n be_v erect_v in_o barony_n by_o fortalice_n be_v understand_v all_o strength_n build_v for_o public_a defence_n whether_o that_o appear_v by_o common_a fame_n or_o reputation_n such_o as_o all_o the_o king_n castle_n whereof_o many_o be_v now_o in_o private_a hand_n as_o proprietar_n or_o heritable_a keeper_n thereof_o or_o constable_n of_o the_o same_o such_o be_v the_o castle_n of_o dunstafnage_n carrick_n skipnes_n and_o other_o belong_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o argyl_n the_o constabulary_a of_o forfar_n belong_v to_o the_o earl_n of_o strathmore_n the_o constabulary_a of_o dundie_n now_o belong_v to_o the_o lord_n hattoun_n and_o when_o these_o castle_n be_v dispone_v either_o in_o property_n or_o custody_n the_o infeftment_n thereof_o carry_v therewith_o not_o only_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o castle_n but_o the_o dependency_n thereof_o as_o garden_n orchard_n park_n meadow_n and_o other_o ground_n possess_v by_o the_o king_n or_o keeper_n for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o castle_n and_o all_o rent_n annuity_n jurisdiction_n and_o privilege_n thereunto_o belong_v which_o may_v be_v instruct_v by_o their_o charter_n their_o court-book_n or_o other_o write_v or_o instrument_n and_o even_o by_o witness_n prove_v long_a possession_n albeit_o the_o infeftment_n of_o constabulary_a bear_v only_o in_o general_n officium_fw-la constabularii_fw-la cum_fw-la feodis_fw-la &_o divoriis_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la which_o be_v find_v to_o extend_v to_o the_o proclaim_n and_o ride_v of_o fair_n anterior_a to_o the_o constitution_n of_o the_o office_n and_o exerce_v criminal_a jurisdiction_n in_o the_o town_n where_o the_o fair_n be_v hold_v during_o these_o fair_n but_o not_o to_o extend_v to_o other_o fair_n recent_o grant_v by_o the_o king_n or_o to_o jurisdiction_n at_o other_o time_n july_n 18._o 1676._o earl_n of_o kinghorn_n contra_fw-la town_n of_o forfar_n the_o like_a be_v do_v in_o the_o process_n betwixt_o hattoun_n and_o the_o town_n of_o dundie_n in_o anno_fw-la 1679._o wherein_o multitude_n of_o witness_n be_v examine_v upon_o either_o part_n and_o the_o emolument_n privilege_n and_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o constabulary_a be_v decern_v according_a to_o the_o probation_n and_o particular_o 20_o shilling_n sterling_a yearly_a for_o which_o the_o town_n of_o dundie_n count_v in_o exchequer_n as_o belong_v to_o the_o constable_n which_o be_v find_v to_o belong_v to_o the_o office_n albeit_o there_o be_v a_o discharge_n thereof_o grant_v to_o the_o town_n by_o scrymzour_n constable_n of_o dundie_n which_o be_v not_o find_v effectual_a against_o hattoun_n his_o singular_a successor_n in_o the_o office_n by_o appryse_v december_n 9_o 1679._o inter_fw-la eosdem_fw-la 66._o the_o case_n be_v more_o doubtful_a as_o to_o other_o fortalice_n which_o be_v not_o repute_v to_o have_v be_v the_o king_n castle_n craig_n opinion_n be_v that_o all_o strong_a hold_n be_v presume_v to_o have_v be_v build_v for_o public_a defence_n and_o not_o for_o private_a safety_n wherein_o turris_fw-la pinnata_fw-la be_v comprehend_v have_v turret_n or_o round_n upon_o the_o angles_n from_o whence_o shot_n may_v be_v direct_v alongst_o all_o the_o wall_n and_o therefore_o much_o more_o may_v castle_n with_o bartizen_n or_o band_n that_o be_v strong_a and_o high_a wall_n surround_v the_o castle_n or_o if_o the_o castle_n be_v build_v upon_o a_o place_n natural_o strong_a which_o may_v give_v suspicion_n to_o the_o king_n to_o be_v a_o occasion_n of_o rebellion_n and_o not_o to_o be_v patent_n and_o accessible_a at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o most_o of_o all_o if_o there_o be_v regular_a fortification_n of_o stone_n or_o earth_n certain_o such_o fortress_n or_o fortification_n whereby_o place_n be_v make_v of_o that_o strength_n which_o be_v accustom_v to_o secure_v against_o public_a enemy_n in_o war_n may_v not_o be_v build_v without_o the_o king_n warrant_n and_o if_o otherwise_o build_v may_v be_v demolish_v and_o the_o builder_n punish_v but_o long_a possession_n presume_v a_o warrant_n and_o as_o such_o fortalice_n may_v be_v presume_v to_o have_v be_v at_o first_o the_o king_n from_o the_o very_a inspection_n of_o the_o fortalice_n and_o its_o proper_a use_n so_o long_a possession_n may_v take_v off_o that_o presumption_n and_o that_o they_o have_v be_v build_v main_o for_o private_a use_n in_o time_n of_o trouble_n with_o the_o king_n consent_n but_o we_o need_v not_o insist_v in_o these_o question_n see_v tower_n and_o fortalice_n do_v now_o pass_v in_o course_n in_o charter_n yet_o though_o these_o be_v express_v if_o it_o appear_v the_o fortress_n have_v belong_v to_o the_o king_n and_o can_v be_v comprehend_v in_o the_o annex_v property_n the_o right_a of_o they_o will_v only_o resolve_v into_o a_o heritable_a keep_n so_o that_o the_o king_n in_o time_n of_o war_n or_o insurrection_n may_v make_v use_n of_o such_o strong_a hold_n and_o put_v garrison_n therein_o see_v keep_v do_v not_o exclude_v the_o king_n own_o necessary_a use_n neither_o will_v the_o express_v of_o fortalice_n general_o empower_v the_o vassal_n to_o build_v such_o strength_n as_o be_v proper_a for_o public_a war_n because_o the_o clause_n can_v only_o import_v such_o fortalice_n as_o then_o be_v build_v but_o i_o see_v no_o ground_n to_o extend_v fortalice_n to_o all_o house_n with_o batlement_n or_o with_o turret_n or_o round_n which_o can_v only_o infer_v private_a safety_n against_o robber_n plunderer_n or_o fly_a party_n but_o nothing_o proper_a for_o a_o siege_n or_o public_a defence_n of_o a_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o these_o may_v pass_v as_o house_n or_o pertinent_o and_o as_o to_o that_o ground_n craig_n adduce_n that_o it_o be_v treason_n to_o hold_v any_o fortalice_n against_o the_o king_n or_o to_o deny_v he_o or_o these_o commission_v by_o he_o access_n by_o arm_a force_n and_o yet_o delivery_n of_o any_o other_o private_a right_n may_v be_v refuse_v to_o the_o king_n without_o hazard_n whence_o he_o infer_v that_o the_o king_n must_v have_v great_a right_o and_o interest_n in_o
21._o 1663._o henry_n hamiltoun_n contra_fw-la william_n hamiltoun_n which_o hold_v olso_o in_o adjudication_n by_o the_o late_a act_n of_o parliament_n come_v in_o place_n of_o appryzing_n but_o security_n for_o sum_n have_v be_v of_o a_o long_a time_n take_v frequent_o in_o another_o way_n viz._n by_o simple_a alienation_n titulo_fw-la venditionis_fw-la with_o a_o reversion_n which_o be_v but_o 〈◊〉_d de_fw-fr retro_fw-la vendendo_fw-la ordinary_o take_v a_o part_n that_o if_o the_o creditor_n be_v not_o satisfy_v he_o may_v force_v the_o debtor_n to_o pass_v from_o his_o reversion_n and_o so_o his_o reversion_n stand_v absolute_o which_o give_v the_o occasion_n to_o these_o kind_n of_o security_n and_o also_o because_o during_o popery_n all_o annualrent_n for_o the_o use_n of_o sum_n be_v discharge_v as_o usury_n and_o therefore_o creditor_n buy_v annualrent_n and_o give_v reversion_n to_o the_o debtor_n which_o be_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o another_o convoy_n as_o to_o these_o wodset_n in_o this_o place_n and_o that_o first_o as_o to_o the_o constitution_n of_o wodset_n and_o next_o as_o to_o the_o destitution_n thereof_o 2._o as_o to_o the_o constitution_n of_o a_o wodset_n it_o must_v be_v according_a to_o the_o thing_n or_o right_o impignorat_a for_o a_o tack_v or_o liferent_a a_o assignation_n to_o these_o or_o any_o other_o cessible_a right_n may_v be_v give_v in_o wodset_n for_o security_n and_o under_o reversion_n but_o the_o ordinary_a wodset_n be_v by_o infeftment_n of_o property_n or_o of_o annualrent_a the_o conception_n whereof_o be_v not_o under_o the_o name_n of_o impledge_v impignoration_n hypothecation_n or_o the_o like_a but_o in_o the_o term_n of_o disposition_n or_o infeftment_n whereby_o the_o property_n of_o the_o thing_n wodset_n pass_v and_o be_v establish_v in_o the_o wodsetter_n but_o under_o reversion_n to_o the_o constituent_a whereby_o it_o have_v two_o part_n the_o infeftment_n and_o the_o reversion_n the_o infeftment_n in_o wodset_n be_v in_o all_o point_n like_v to_o other_o infeftment_n whether_o they_o be_v infeftment_n of_o property_n or_o of_o annualrent_a or_o whether_o they_o be_v public_a hold_v of_o the_o constituent_v superior_a or_o base_a hold_v of_o himself_o so_o that_o all_o the_o specialty_n of_o wodset_n resolve_v in_o reversion_n 3._o a_o reversion_n be_v a_o paction_n and_o condition_n or_o provision_n for_o redemption_n of_o any_o thing_n alienat_fw-la upon_o such_o term_n as_o be_v agree_v upon_o which_o of_o itself_o be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o personal_a obligation_n whereby_o the_o wodsetter_n be_v oblige_v until_o by_o that_o excellent_a statute_n par._n 1469._o cap._n 27._o it_o be_v declare_v that_o the_o reversion_n shall_v be_v effectual_a not_o only_o against_o the_o first_o wodsetter_n himself_o but_o all_o his_o successor_n in_o the_o wodset_a land_n whereby_o reversion_n be_v account_v as_o heritable_a and_o real_a right_n affect_v singular_a successor_n in_o the_o same_o way_n that_o tack_n be_v make_v real_a right_n by_o the_o statute_n thereanent_fw-la the_o english_a by_o reversion_n do_v not_o understand_v a_o right_n of_o redemption_n but_o a_o right_n of_o survivancy_n or_o succession_n as_o the_o reversion_n of_o a_o office_n be_v a_o title_n to_o that_o office_n after_o the_o removal_n of_o the_o present_a incumbent_n and_o that_o which_o we_o call_v a_o wodset_n they_o call_v a_o mortgage_n for_o a_o gage_n be_v a_o pledge_n which_o be_v real_o engage_v and_o mortgage_n be_v a_o pledge_n the_o redemption_n whereof_o die_v or_o be_v extinct_a if_o it_o be_v not_o use_v at_o the_o time_n and_o in_o the_o manner_n agree_v upon_o by_o the_o party_n of_o that_o with_o they_o in_o their_o mortgage_n not_o only_o clause_n irritant_fw-la or_o 〈◊〉_d legis_fw-la commissoriae_fw-la be_v valide_fw-la but_o if_o the_o provision_n for_o redemption_n be_v for_o a_o definite_a time_n that_o be_v elapse_v the_o mortgage_n become_v irredeemable_a by_o their_o common_a law_n what_o remeid_v may_v be_v have_v in_o the_o chanclery_n upon_o equity_n i_o know_v not_o 4._o before_o we_o come_v to_o the_o solemnity_n requisite_a for_o constitute_v reversion_n it_o be_v necessary_a to_o distinguish_v the_o several_a kind_n thereof_o reversion_n be_v either_o legal_a arise_v from_o law_n and_o statute_n and_o not_o from_o consent_n of_o party_n as_o be_v the_o legal_a reversion_n of_o appryzing_n and_o adjudication_n or_o they_o be_v conventional_a by_o the_o consent_n of_o party_n which_o be_v either_o incorporate_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o wodset-right_a or_o a_o part_n they_o be_v also_o either_o principal_a reversion_n or_o eik_n to_o reversion_n and_o they_o be_v either_o solemn_a and_o perfect_v or_o only_o inchoat_fw-la such_o as_o promise_n bond_n and_o condition_n for_o grant_v reversion_n 5._o legal_a reversion_n require_v no_o other_o solemnity_n than_o what_o be_v requisite_a to_o the_o legal_a constitution_n of_o the_o right_a whereupon_o they_o follow_v the_o common_a solemnity_n requisite_a for_o reversion_n and_o other_o write_v of_o old_a be_v only_o the_o seal_n of_o the_o grant_a without_o necessity_n of_o his_o subscription_n but_o by_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1555._o cap._n 29._o it_o be_v require_v that_o all_o reversion_n bond_n and_o obligation_n for_o make_v of_o reversion_n be_v not_o only_o seal_v but_o subscribe_v by_o the_o granter_n own_o hand_n and_o if_o he_o can_v write_v by_o his_o hand_n lead_v at_o the_o pen_n by_o a_o nottar_n or_o otherways_o they_o make_v no_o faith_n unless_o the_o same_o by_o consent_n of_o party_n be_v registrat_n in_o the_o book_n of_o a_o judge_n ordinar_n or_o that_o it_o be_v a_o reversion_n within_o burgh_n contain_v in_o the_o instrument_n of_o resignation_n and_o seasine_n of_o land_n by_o the_o bailie_n and_o town-clerk_n and_o by_o the_o act_n of_o par._n 1579._o cap._n 80._o reversion_n assignation_n and_o discharge_v thereof_o and_o eik_n thereto_o or_o other_o write_v of_o great_a importance_n be_v ordain_v to_o be_v subscribe_v and_o seal_v by_o the_o principal_a party_n or_o if_o they_o can_v write_v by_o two_o nottar_n before_o four_o design_a witness_n else_o to_o be_v null_n and_o of_o no_o faith_n but_o the_o matter_n of_o reversion_n be_v perfect_v by_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n 1617._o cap._n 16._o ordain_v all_o reversion_n regress_n bond_n or_o writer_n for_o make_v reversion_n assignation_n and_o discharge_v of_o the_o same_o to_o be_v registrat_n in_o the_o register_n of_o seasine_n and_o reversion_n within_o sixty_o day_n of_o their_o date_n otherways_o to_o have_v no_o effect_n save_v only_o against_o the_o granter_n thereof_o but_o not_o against_o their_o singular_a successor_n acquire_v perfect_a and_o lawful_a right_n but_o this_o be_v not_o requisite_a in_o infeftment_n of_o burgage-land_n within_o royal_a burgh_n nor_o in_o reversion_n incorporat_a in_o the_o right_n of_o wodset_n upon_o consideration_n of_o the_o inconvenience_n &_o insecurity_n of_o burgage-land_n the_o lord_n by_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la ordain_v the_o burgh_n to_o take_v sufficient_a caution_n of_o their_o town-clerk_n present_a and_o to_o come_v to_o insert_v in_o their_o book_n all_o seasine_n give_v by_o they_o of_o tenement_n within_o burgh_n and_o all_o reversion_n or_o bond_n for_o grant_v reversion_n assignation_n thereto_o and_o discharge_v thereof_o renunciation_n and_o grant_n of_o redemption_n and_o that_o within_o sixty_o day_n after_o the_o give_v of_o seasine_n or_o present_v to_o they_o of_o the_o reversion_n or_o other_o foresaid_n under_o the_o pain_n of_o the_o damnage_n of_o party_n acquire_v bona_fw-la fide_fw-la for_o onerous_a cause_n that_o they_o may_v incur_v by_o such_o latent_fw-la right_n declare_v that_o such_o seasine_n and_o reversion_n not_o insert_v in_o manner_n foresay_a to_o be_v esteem_v as_o latent_fw-la and_o fraudulent_a keep_v up_o of_o purpose_n to_o ensnare_v lawful_a purchaser_n which_o act_n of_o sederunt_fw-la be_v date_v february_n 22._o 1681._o so_o that_o as_o by_o the_o first_o act_n reversion_n be_v make_v effectual_a by_o this_o last_o they_o be_v make_v evident_a that_o acquirer_n may_v be_v secure_v against_o latent_fw-la reversion_n and_o by_o the_o registration_n or_o be_v in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o wodset_n the_o necessity_n of_o seall_v be_v take_v off_o and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o desuetude_n it_o be_v also_o consequent_a from_o this_o last_o act_n that_o not_o only_o formal_a and_o solemn_a reversion_n in_o the_o body_n of_o the_o wodset_n or_o registrat_n be_v effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n but_o also_o bond_n and_o write_v for_o make_v of_o reversion_n otherways_o there_o need_v no_o ordinance_n to_o registrate_n these_o for_o the_o purchaser_n security_n if_o of_o themselves_o they_o can_v affect_v purchaser_n but_o promise_n of_o reversion_n be_v no_o way_n effectual_a against_o singular_a successor_n unless_o they_o have_v be_v bring_v into_o write_v at_o least_o by_o decreet_a before_o these_o