fen_n to_o peterborough_n 24_o mile_n in_o length_n about_o 3_o foot_n thick_a and_o 60_o foot_n broad_a but_o that_o there_o be_v many_o more_o than_o these_o four_o fame_a way_n and_o that_o from_o garrison_n to_o garrison_n station_n to_o station_n colony_n to_o colony_n etc._n etc._n that_o part_n of_o the_o itinerary_n which_o relate_v to_o britain_n be_v a_o sufficient_a argument_n where_o there_o be_v describe_v 16_o several_a journey_n in_o several_a traverse_n and_o turn_n up_o and_o down_o the_o country_n where_o these_o way_n go_v not_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o unlikely_a that_o wheresoever_o these_o way_n have_v appear_v or_o howsoever_o they_o have_v be_v describe_v they_o may_v be_v branch_n of_o and_o terminate_v in_o the_o great_a way_n upon_o these_o way_n be_v place_v mansion_n where_o stranger_n stay_v and_o rest_v themselves_o there_o be_v inn_n for_o their_o reception_n and_o entertainment_n and_o mutation_n where_o they_o change_v their_o post-horse_n wagon_n and_o 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lazy_a and_o lose_v their_o vigour_n by_o lie_v still_o especial_o from_o their_o winter-camp_n day_n they_o march_v out_o of_o their_o camp_n thrice_o in_o a_o month_n they_o be_v exercise_v twice_o in_o a_o day_n they_o be_v command_v to_o march_v out_o thrice_o in_o a_o month_n ten_o miles_n and_o back_o again_o furnish_v with_o all_o their_o arm_n and_o utensil_n as_o if_o they_o be_v upon_o a_o expedition_n beside_o this_o the_o raw_a soldier_n be_v exercise_v twice_o every_o day_n and_o the_o veteran_n once_o he_o that_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o wonder_n at_o the_o prodigiousness_n of_o the_o work_n of_o rome_n which_o be_v also_o in_o many_o of_o their_o great_a town_n and_o colony_n let_v he_o read_v lipsius_n his_o three_o book_n de_fw-fr magnitudine_fw-la romanâ_fw-la where_o he_o may_v loâ—â—_n himself_o in_o admiration_n the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o saxon_a history_n book_n ii_o a_o exact_a history_n of_o the_o action_n of_o the_o saxon_n can_v be_v expect_v 1_n book_n 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raise_v against_o religion_n and_o religious_a man_n their_o cruelty_n in_o put_v to_o death_n priest_n monk_n and_o friar_n of_o all_o order_n their_o burn_a destroy_a monastery_n learning_n most_o in_o monastery_n and_o rifle_v of_o monastery_n where_o most_o of_o the_o learning_n of_o that_o age_n be_v then_o cloister_v and_o the_o most_o considerable_a memoires_n of_o thing_n preserve_v not_o in_o reason_n hope_v for_o a_o very_a particular_a and_o just_a account_n of_o what_o be_v do_v here_o for_o several_a century_n of_o year_n especial_o in_o ecclesiastic_a matter_n before_o the_o come_n of_o augustin_n thereabouts_o anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 598._o or_o thereabouts_o they_o be_v whole_o confine_v to_o the_o description_n of_o the_o custom_n of_o some_o particular_a place_n and_o the_o life_n and_o action_n of_o particular_a person_n and_o those_o so_o blend_v with_o the_o fabulous_a hyperbole_n and_o metaphor_n of_o ignorant_a writer_n such_o as_o the_o age_n they_o live_v in_o afford_v that_o the_o bright_a ray_n of_o truth_n can_v scarce_o penetrate_v and_o appear_v through_o those_o thick_a cloud_n of_o darkness_n and_o ignorance_n there_o be_v hint_n to_o this_o purpose_n in_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n and_o other_o of_o good_a note_n time_n in_o his_o prologue_n to_o his_o gesta_fw-la regum_fw-la malmesbury_n say_v fol._n 105._o b._n n._n 30._o there_o be_v none_o after_o bede_n to_o the_o norman_n that_o have_v any_o care_n to_o write_v the_o history_n to_o those_o time_n yet_o i_o can_v not_o be_v satisfy_v but_o that_o i_o must_v make_v a_o re-search_a into_o what_o author_n i_o can_v both_o print_v and_o manuscript_n that_o i_o may_v make_v public_a a_o authentic_a and_o well-grounded_n history_n of_o these_o time_n but_o fail_v in_o my_o expectation_n i_o resolve_v to_o be_v very_o short_a as_o have_v not_o where_o find_v a_o sufficient_a warrant_n to_o write_v much_o notwithstanding_o all_o my_o pain_n and_o industry_n i_o have_v omit_v all_o the_o particular_a account_n of_o the_o foundation_n of_o monastery_n their_o burn_n ruin_n and_o desolation_n in_o these_o time_n with_o the_o legend_n and_o fable_n relate_v thereto_o as_o also_o those_o of_o particular_a christian_n and_o saint_n for_o which_o they_o that_o please_v may_v peruse_v the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o monasticon_fw-la of_o the_o laborious_a and_o learned_a sir_n william_n dugdale_n the_o several_a martyrologist_n menologist_n and_o biographer_n of_o those_o time_n where_o they_o may_v have_v a_o sufficient_a variety_n of_o these_o thing_n and_o have_v note_v only_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v pertinent_a to_o the_o design_n of_o this_o history_n and_o that_o have_v a_o appearance_n of_o truth_n yet_o if_o any_o man_n be_v doubtful_a let_v he_o give_v or_o suspend_v his_o assent_n and_o belief_n as_o he_o like_v the_o probability_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n and_o the_o author_n which_o i_o have_v every_o where_o cite_v for_o i_o doubt_v not_o but_o in_o many_o thing_n and_o ofttimes_o the_o monk_n write_v according_a to_o the_o vulgar_a tale_n and_o tradition_n of_o the_o people_n add_v something_o of_o their_o own_o fancy_n and_o conjecture_n by_o way_n of_o increment_n or_o paraphrase_n and_o the_o latter_a always_o follow_v the_o former_a as_o william_n of_o malmesbury_n trace_v eadmer_n hoveden_n follow_v huntingdon_n and_o he_o florence_n of_o worcester_n and_o he_o simon_n dunelmensis_n mat._n paris_n transcribe_v roger_n wendover_n etc._n etc._n the_o strange_a intricacy_n in_o the_o chronology_n of_o this_o age_n be_v also_o to_o be_v note_v sometime_o go_v backward_o and_o sometime_o forward_o or_o make_v report_n of_o thing_n do_v without_o any_o certainty_n of_o time_n these_o thing_n i_o have_v premise_v to_o save_v other_o the_o labour_n and_o trouble_n i_o have_v be_v at_o for_o upon_o trial_n they_o will_v be_v as_o much_o deceive_v in_o their_o satisfaction_n as_o i_o be_v myself_o tacitus_n see_v usher_n primord_v p._n 394._o for_o the_o usage_n of_o the_o saxon_n we_o must_v look_v further_a than_o our_o own_o historian_n cimber_n celts_n german_n the_o saxon_n not_o name_v in_o tacitus_n so_o that_o for_o the_o law_n custom_n and_o usage_n of_o the_o saxon_n and_o german_a people_n that_o come_v hither_o with_o they_o we_o must_v look_v further_a than_o our_o own_o historian_n or_o rest_v satisfy_v with_o a_o very_a ordinary_a pitiful_a and_o lame_a account_v of_o they_o nor_o can_v we_o in_o the_o more_o early_a time_n find_v much_o of_o the_o saxon_n or_o any_o other_o particular_a people_n but_o as_o they_o pass_v under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o cimber_n celts_n german_n etc._n etc._n tacitus_n his_o book_n de_fw-fr moribus_fw-la germanorum_n mention_n not_o the_o saxon_n and_o what_o name_n they_o have_v or_o what_o people_n they_o be_v in_o his_o time_n among_o the_o german_n i_o leave_v to_o the_o conjecture_n of_o crantius_n saxon._n crantius_n in_o praefat_fw-la ad_fw-la hist_n
grand_a customer_n no_o body_n that_o consider_v what_o etc._n what_o lib._n 2_o de_fw-fr gest_n reg._n f._n 44._o b._n n._n 20_o 30_o etc._n etc._n malmsbury_n and_o other_o ancient_a historian_n report_v of_o the_o confessor_n that_o he_o be_v a_o weak_a easy_a man_n law_n edward_n the_o confessor_n unfit_a to_o make_v law_n not_o fit_a for_o government_n will_v ever_o believe_v he_o can_v contrive_v a_o system_fw-la of_o law_n and_o so_o adapt_v they_o to_o the_o genius_n and_o humour_n of_o the_o norman_n that_o they_o shall_v quit_v their_o own_o and_o receive_v new_a law_n and_o custom_n from_o he_o if_o it_o be_v not_o almost_o a_o contradiction_n to_o call_v a_o custom_n new_a i_o need_v not_o say_v more_o to_o satisfy_v any_o judicious_a person_n that_o the_o grand_a customer_n of_o normandy_n be_v the_o law_n of_o that_o country_n and_o not_o make_v by_o edward_n the_o confessor_n or_o carry_v over_o from_o hence_o by_o the_o conqueror_n and_o shall_v therefore_o leave_v it_o with_o this_o far_a remark_n that_o if_o any_o man_n be_v more_o affect_v with_o traditional_a than_o write_v law_n this_o book_n have_v that_o advantage_n likewise_o for_o 69._o for_o grand_fw-fr custom_n 2d_o part_n fol._n 69._o before_o and_o after_o that_o charles_n the_o simple_n give_v normandy_n to_o rollo_n and_o his_o northern_a people_n unto_o the_o time_n of_o philip_n thereabouts_o philip_n ibidem_fw-la a._n d._n 1203._o or_o thereabouts_o the_o august_n who_o cause_v they_o first_o to_o be_v put_v in_o order_n and_o write_v the_o custom_n contain_v in_o it_o be_v a_o 1588._o a_o epistle_n to_o the_o custom_n of_o normandy_n collect_v by_o george_n lambert_n etc._n etc._n print_v at_o roven_n 1588._o cabal_n traditional_a and_o unwritten_a for_o at_o least_o 800_o year_n and_o be_v impose_v upon_o his_o subject_n of_o england_n by_o william_n call_v the_o conqueror_n but_o what_o answer_n will_v sir_n edward_n have_v make_v if_o he_o have_v be_v ask_v whether_o william_n do_v not_o also_o carry_v our_o law_n into_o old_a germany_n for_o there_o in_o normandy_n and_o england_n be_v in_o a_o great_a measure_n the_o same_o law_n only_o the_o norman_n use_v a_o more_o formal_a and_o perhaps_o rigorous_a and_o strict_a method_n in_o the_o practice_n and_o execution_n of_o they_o which_o they_o bring_v hither_o from_o these_o observation_n concern_v the_o law_n in_o use_n at_o and_o present_o after_o the_o conquest_n i_o proceed_v to_o authority_n law_n proof_n from_o authority_n that_o our_o law_n be_v not_o the_o norman_a law_n and_o undoubted_a testimony_n of_o such_o as_o live_v in_o or_o near_o those_o time_n for_o without_o authority_n some_o man_n will_v not_o be_v satisfy_v eadmer_n 30._o eadmer_n hist_o novor_n fol_z 6._o n_o 10_o 20_o 30._o write_v that_o william_n design_v to_o establish_v in_o england_n those_o usage_n and_o law_n which_o his_o ancestor_n and_o he_o observe_v in_o normandy_n make_v such_o person_n bishop_n abbot_n and_o other_o principal_a man_n through_o the_o whole_a nation_n who_o can_v not_o be_v think_v so_o unworthy_a as_o to_o be_v guilty_a of_o any_o reluctancy_n or_o disobedience_n to_o they_o know_v by_o who_o and_o to_o what_o they_o be_v raise_v all_o divine_a and_o humane_a thing_n he_o order_v at_o his_o pleasure_n and_o after_o the_o historian_n have_v recount_v in_o what_o thing_n he_o disallow_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o archbishop_n he_o conclude_v thus_o but_o what_o he_o do_v in_o secular_a matter_n i_o forbear_v to_o write_v because_o it_o be_v not_o my_o purpose_n and_o also_o because_o any_o one_o may_v from_o what_o have_v be_v deliver_v in_o divine_a matter_n easy_o guess_v what_o he_o do_v in_o secular_a somewhat_o also_o to_o this_o purpose_n ingulphus_n norman_n ingulphus_n hist_o croyland_n f._n 512._o a._n b._n all_o earldom_n place_n of_o honour_n and_o profit_n give_v to_o the_o norman_n inform_v we_o that_o by_o hard_a usage_n he_o make_v the_o english_a submit_v that_o he_o give_v the_o earldom_n barony_n bishopric_n and_o prelacy_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n to_o his_o norman_n and_o scarce_o permit_v any_o english_a man_n to_o enjoy_v any_o place_n of_o honour_n dominion_n or_o power_n but_o more_o express_v and_o full_a to_o this_o purpose_n be_v the_o account_n we_o have_v in_o a.b._n in_o de_fw-fr necessary_a scaccarii_fw-la observe_v de_fw-fr murdro_fw-la in_o m._n s._n calo-gonvil_a p._n 35._o a.b._n gervasius_n tilburiensis_n of_o the_o conqueror_n deal_n with_o the_o native_n more_o valuable_a than_o the_o testimony_n of_o a_o hundred_o other_o which_o he_o thus_o deliver_v after_o the_o conquest_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o just_a subjection_n of_o rebel_n when_o the_o king_n himself_o and_o his_o great_a man_n have_v view_v and_o survey_v their_o new_a acquest_n there_o be_v a_o strict_a enquiry_n make_v who_o there_o be_v which_o fight_v against_o the_o king_n have_v save_v themselves_o by_o flight_n from_o these_o and_o the_o heir_n of_o such_o as_o be_v slay_v in_o fight_n all_o hope_n of_o possess_v either_o land_n or_o rent_n be_v cut_v off_o for_o they_o esteem_v it_o a_o great_a favour_n to_o have_v the_o benefit_n of_o their_o life_n but_o such_o as_o be_v call_v and_o urge_v to_o fight_v against_o william_n and_o do_v not_o if_o in_o process_n of_o time_n they_o can_v obtain_v the_o favour_n of_o their_o lord_n and_o master_n by_o a_o humble_a obedience_n and_o obsequiousness_n they_o may_v possess_v somewhat_o in_o their_o own_o person_n without_o hope_n of_o succession_n their_o child_n only_o enjoy_v it_o afterward_o at_o the_o will_n of_o their_o lord_n to_o who_o afterward_o when_o they_o become_v odious_a they_o be_v every_o where_o force_v from_o their_o possession_n nor_o will_v any_o restore_v what_o they_o have_v take_v away_o when_o a_o common_a miserable_a complaint_n of_o the_o native_n come_v to_o the_o king_n that_o they_o thus_o expose_v and_o spoil_v of_o all_o thing_n shall_v be_v compel_v to_o pass_v into_o other_o country_n at_o length_n after_o consultation_n upon_o these_o thing_n it_o be_v decree_v that_o what_o they_o can_v by_o their_o desert_n and_o lawful_a bargain_n obtain_v from_o their_o lord_n conquest_n perhaps_o from_o hence_o may_v be_v the_o original_a of_o freehold_n or_o copyhold_n of_o inheritance_n after_o the_o conquest_n they_o shall_v hold_v by_o inviolable_a right_n but_o shall_v not_o claim_v any_o thing_n from_o the_o time_n the_o nation_n be_v overcome_v under_o the_o title_n of_o succession_n or_o descent_n ibidem_fw-la descent_n ibidem_fw-la upon_o what_o great_a consideration_n this_o be_v do_v it_o be_v manifest_a when_o as_o they_o be_v oblige_v by_o a_o study_a compliance_n and_o obedience_n to_o purchase_v their_o lord_n favour_n so_o therefore_o whosoever_o of_o the_o conquer_a people_n possess_v land_n or_o such_o like_a obtain_v they_o not_o as_o seem_v to_o be_v their_o right_n by_o succession_n but_o as_o a_o reward_n for_o their_o merit_n or_o by_o some_o intervening_a agreement_n what_o i_o have_v here_o deliver_v upon_o this_o subject_n may_v probable_o meet_v with_o great_a prejudice_n from_o such_o especial_o who_o have_v or_o may_v read_v sir_n edward_n coke_n preface_n to_o his_o three_o six_o eighth_z and_o nine_o part_n of_o his_o report_n his_o read_n upon_o the_o statute_n of_o fines_n or_o other_o part_n of_o his_o work_n sir_n john_n davis_n his_o preface_n to_o his_o irish_a report_n mr._n nathan_n bacon_n be_v semper_fw-la idem_fw-la the_o late_a learned_a lord_n chancellor_n survey_v of_o hobbs_n his_o leviathan_n p._n 109_o 110._o and_o many_o other_o work_v of_o eminent_a person_n of_o the_o long_a robe_n or_o indeed_o any_o of_o our_o english_a historian_n and_o therefore_o i_o be_o necessitate_v to_o dwell_v the_o long_o upon_o it_o that_o i_o may_v give_v all_o just_a satisfaction_n to_o such_o as_o desire_v to_o inquire_v into_o the_o validity_n of_o their_o argument_n and_o authority_n by_o which_o they_o will_v persuade_v law_n the_o argument_n use_v to_o prove_v the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n be_v not_o the_o norman_a law_n nay_o convince_v the_o world_n that_o the_o common_a law_n and_o custom_n in_o use_n and_o practice_n in_o their_o time_n be_v the_o same_o that_o be_v in_o the_o saxon_a time_n and_o never_o alter_v or_o change_v by_o the_o conqueror_n and_o beyond_o they_o all_o report_n all_o epistle_n to_o the_o six_o part_n of_o his_o report_n sir_n edward_n coke_n concur_v in_o opinion_n with_o sir_n john_n fortescue_n that_o this_o nation_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o roman_n saxon_n dane_n and_o norman_n be_v rule_v by_o the_o same_o law_n and_o custom_n and_o that_o they_o be_v not_o change_v by_o any_o of_o these_o people_n which_o he_o report_n he_o in_o preface_n to_o the_o eight_o part_n of_o the_o report_n affirm_v he_o have_v prove_v by_o many_o
176._o l._n 8._o r._n wauz_n f._n 188._o l._n penult_n r._n tosti_n f._n 189._o l._n 20._o r._n daubin_n f._n 191._o l._n 42._o r._n praefecture_n ibid._n note_n l._n 5._o r._n saâ—rapa_n f._n 205._o in_o mark_fw-mi against_o the_o figure_n 6._o r._n doctorem_fw-la f._n 207._o l._n penult_n r._n three_o f._n 213._o l._n 34._o r._n five_o f._n 248._o l._n 43._o r._n mauley_n f._n 255._o in_o note_n k_n r._n oppidani_fw-la f._n 301._o in_o mark_fw-mi a._n r._n blaye_n ibid._n in_o mark_fw-mi c._n r._n serres_n f._n 307._o l._n 3._o r._n britan_n f._n 314._o l._n 15._o deal_n against_o it_o f._n 318._o l._n 17._o r._n ansâ—betil_o f._n 348._o l._n 43._o insert_v wireliacum_n f._n 384._o l._n 29._o deal_n smade_a f._n 466._o l._n 16._o r._n consilio_fw-la regâ—i_fw-la f._n 477._o l._n 21._o after_o upon_o insert_v he_o f._n 514._o l._n 2._o after_o castle_n insert_v of_o cambridge_n f._n 524._o l._n 15._o r._n servientes_fw-la f._n 549._o l._n 20._o r._n arrive_v f._n 575._o l._n 42._o r._n he._n f._n 592._o l._n antepenult_n r._n what_o f._n 613._o l._n 21._o after_o will_v r._n not_o take_v effect_n f._n 627._o r._n esparnier_n f._n 646._o l._n 16._o after_o not_o say_v deal_n who_o a_o catalogue_n of_o the_o author_n use_v in_o this_o history_n with_o a_o account_n what_o they_o be_v when_o they_o write_v and_o where_o to_o be_v find_v jvlii_fw-la caesaris_fw-la commentaria_fw-la lugduni_n bataâ—orum_n 1651._o historiae_fw-la augustae_fw-la scriptores_fw-la sex_n lug._n bat._n 1661._o lipsius_n his_o tacitus_n antverpiae_n 1648._o tacitus_n belgii_n tacitus_n cluveâ—_n lib._n 1._o antiq._n german_n fol._n 3._o &_o 88_o he_o be_v procurator_n belgii_n be_v equestris_n ordinis_fw-la among_o the_o roman_n and_o employ_v in_o many_o public_a office_n in_o the_o empire_n he_o write_v his_o book_n de_fw-fr moribus_fw-la germanorum_n 100_o year_n after_o christ_n birth_n and_o about_o 130_o year_n after_o caesar_n write_v his_o commentary_n suetonius_n per_fw-la schildium_fw-la lugd._n 1656._o herodian_a printed_n by_o stephan_n 1581._o he_o flourish_v about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 224_o in_o the_o time_n of_o alexander_n severus_n the_o roman_a emperor_n amianus_n marcellinus_n 1591._o marcellinus_n am._n marcel_n histor_n in_o fine_a testimon_n ante_fw-la histor_n impress_v lugd._n 1591._o he_o be_v a_o greek_a and_o a_o soldier_n in_o the_o roman_a army_n under_o constantinus_n and_o julian_n in_o gallia_n and_o germany_n a_o constant_a companion_n of_o vrsicinus_n in_o the_o war_n of_o europe_n and_o asia_n he_o write_v thirty_o one_o book_n of_o history_n and_o begin_v with_o nerva_n where_o tacitus_n leave_v off_o who_o he_o strive_v to_o imitate_v of_o which_o the_o thirteen_o first_o book_n be_v lose_v the_o other_o eighteen_o remain_v begin_v in_o the_o eighteen_o year_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o constantius_n son_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 354._o and_o end_v historiae_fw-la end_v chronol_n marcell_n in_o fine_a historiae_fw-la with_o the_o death_n of_o the_o emperor_n valens_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 378_o and_o of_o his_o empire_n the_o four_o eutropius_n se_fw-la eutropius_n eutrop._n ib._n 10._o de_fw-la se_fw-la be_v a_o greek_a and_o contemporary_a to_o marcellinus_n and_o a_o soldier_n under_o julian_n the_o emperor_n and_o be_v with_o 1554._o with_o vineti_n epistola_fw-la ante_fw-la eutrop._n basil_n 1554._o he_o in_o his_o expedition_n against_o the_o parthian_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 363_o and_o write_v his_o breviarie_n 1591._o breviarie_n testimon_n ante_fw-la marcell_n lugd._n 1591._o of_o the_o roman_a history_n at_o the_o command_n of_o valon_n the_o emperor_n unto_o his_o time_n cassiodorus_n be_v 94._o be_v trithem_n p._n 94._o senator_n of_o ravenna_n consul_n of_o rome_n and_o chancellor_n to_o theoderic_n king_n of_o italy_n afterward_o leave_v the_o world_n be_v make_v a_o monk_n and_o abbot_n of_o a_o monastery_n in_o ravenna_n he_o be_v bear_v anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 480._o and_o die_v anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 575._o among_o other_o thing_n he_o write_v in_o twelve_o book_n various_a form_n of_o epistle_n and_o creation_n of_o magistrate_n and_o other_o thing_n according_a to_o the_o use_n of_o those_o time_n he_o live_v in_o gregory_n bishop_n of_o tours_n 1613._o tours_n histor_n frank._n vet._n by_o marquard_n freâ—er_v hano_n a._n d._n 1613._o flourish_v in_o the_o time_n of_o maurice_n the_o emperor_n about_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 600._o and_o write_v ten_o book_n of_o history_n beside_o other_o thing_n corpus_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o corpus_n beda_n 107.108_o beda_n trithem_n p._n 107.108_o a_o benedictin_a monk_n of_o wiremuth_n he_o write_v very_o many_o book_n and_o treatise_n among_o the_o rest_n the_o ecclesiastical_a history_n of_o england_n he_o die_v anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 732._o according_o to_o pitsius_fw-la 119._o pitsius_fw-la pitous_a p._n 119._o 734._o age_v seventy_o two_o year_n alcwin_n 114._o alcwin_n helvic_n a._n d._n 780._o fol._n 114._o a_o domestic_a in_o the_o family_n of_o charlemaign_n his_o great_a familiar_a and_o as_o some_o say_v preceptor_n to_o he_o by_o who_o advice_n he_o found_v the_o university_n of_o paris_n a._n d._n 791._o or_o 792._o according_a to_o isaac-son_n he_o be_v bede_n scholar_n a_o ms_n book_n in_o caius_n coll._n library_n say_v he_o write_v charlâ—mâ—igns_n life_n and_o only_o such_o thing_n as_o he_o see_v and_o be_v present_a at_o as_o he_o say_v in_o his_o prologue_n eginhartus_fw-la 181._o eginhartus_fw-la vid._n tit._n istius_fw-la libri_fw-la &_o advenâ—_n in_o histor_n bojo_n f._n 181._o chancellor_n or_o secretary_n to_o charlemaign_v write_v four_o book_n of_o his_o life_n print_v in_o quarto_n at_o lipsig_n without_o date_n and_o in_o fol._n among_o the_o veteres_n scriptores_fw-la german_n hanoviae_n 1619._o this_o be_v the_o same_o book_n that_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o alcwin_n and_o these_o may_v be_v divers_a name_n of_o the_o same_o person_n for_o eignhart_n weary_a of_o the_o world_n writer_n world_n the_o life_n of_o the_o author_n in_o the_o 1_o st_z vol._n of_o old_a germ._n writer_n build_v a_o monastery_n at_o selingstat_n in_o the_o dioecese_n of_o mentz_n and_o be_v the_o first_o abbot_n of_o it_o whence_o he_o may_v take_v upon_o he_o the_o name_n of_o alcwin_n he_o be_v live_v after_o charles_n the_o great_a in_o the_o reign_n of_o ludovicus_n pius_fw-la aimonius_n dedicatory_a aimonius_n in_o aimonius_a his_o epistle_n dedicatory_a write_v four_o book_n de_fw-fr gestis_fw-la francorum_fw-la of_o the_o act_n of_o the_o french_a and_o draw_v down_o his_o history_n to_o pippin_n father_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a the_o whole_a five_o book_n and_o part_n of_o the_o four_o though_o they_o bear_v his_o name_n be_v write_v by_o other_o he_o live_v about_o the_o year_n 872_o and_o upward_o adelmii_n or_o ademarii_fw-la 1577._o ademarii_fw-la at_o the_o beginning_n of_o corpus_n hist_n fran._n print_v at_o franckfort_n 1577._o a_o benedictin_a monk_n a_o contemporary_a to_o or_o one_o that_o live_v not_o long_o after_o aimonius_a he_o write_v the_o annal_n of_o pippin_n charles_n the_o great_a and_o ludovicus_n pius_n king_n of_o france_n other_o think_v they_o be_v write_v by_o acwin_n a_o english_a deacon_n a_o domestic_a of_o ludovicus_n pius_n and_o praeceptor_n to_o charlemaign_v wilichind_a a_o monk_n of_o the_o abbey_n of_o corbey_n a_o german_a write_v from_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o saxon_n to_o the_o death_n of_o otho_n the_o first_o emperor_n of_o germany_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 973._o corbey_n abbey_n be_v build_v by_o b._n by_o sigebert_n de_fw-fr vita_fw-la witich_n theodoric_n de_fw-fr neim_n f._n 803._o b._n charlemaign_a in_o the_o circle_n of_o westphaly_n near_o the_o weser_n and_o the_o abbot_n thereof_o 130._o thereof_o mercator_fw-la in_o circulo_fw-la westphalic_fw-mi trithem_n p._n 130._o be_v one_o of_o the_o ecclesiastic_a state_n or_o order_n of_o that_o circle_n dudo_fw-la dean_n of_o st._n quintin_n in_o picardy_n he_o norman_n he_o in_o praefat._n hist_n script_n norman_n write_v the_o life_n of_o the_o three_o first_o norman_n duke_n or_o earl_n rollo_n william_n the_o first_o his_o son_n and_z richard_z the_o first_o williams_z grandchild_n he_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o richard_n the_o first_o who_o b._n who_o in_o the_o hist_n f._n 158._o b._n die_v in_o the_o year_n 1002_o and_o begin_v his_o history_n at_o his_o command_n and_o finish_v it_o after_o his_o death_n by_o order_n of_o richard_n the_o second_o his_o son_n wippo_n be_v capellane_n etc._n capellane_n de_fw-fr seipso_fw-la in_o praefat._n in_o vit._n conradi_n etc._n etc._n to_o conradus_n salicus_n who_o be_v choose_v emperor_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1024._o and_o write_v his_o life_n and_o such_o thing_n only_o as_o he_o see_v and_o hear_v from_o very_o credible_a person_n among_o the_o german_a historian_n put_v out_o by_o pistorius_n and_o print_v at_o frankfurt_n 1607._o gulielmus_fw-la 44._o gulielmus_fw-la gemet_fw-la lib._n 7._o c._n 44._o
pictaviensis_fw-la write_v the_o act_n of_o william_n the_o second_o duke_n of_o normandy_n and_o king_n of_o england_n common_o call_v the_o conqueror_n he_o be_v first_o a_o soldier_n a._n soldier_n order_n vit._n f._n 503._o d._n f._n 504._o a._n afterward_o a_o priest_n and_o a_o long_a time_n chaplain_n to_o william_n and_o archdeacon_n of_o lisieux_n he_o write_v such_o thing_n as_o he_o see_v and_o be_v present_a at_o but_o end_v c._n end_v ib._n f._n 521._o c._n his_o history_n in_o the_o year_n 1070._o ingulphus_n 3._o ingulphus_n hist_o croyland_n f._n 513._o b._n n._n 40._o ib._n f._n 514._o lin_v 3._o abbot_n of_o croyland_n sometime_o secretary_n to_o william_n the_o conqueror_n when_o duke_n of_o normandy_n who_o father_n also_o have_v bear_v office_n in_o the_o court_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n he_o write_v the_o history_n of_o crowland_n abbey_n 11.20_o abbey_n ib._n f._n 518._o b._n 11.20_o and_o as_o they_o fall_v in_o many_o other_o matter_n he_o translate_v many_o charter_n and_o chirographs_n out_o of_o saxon_a into_o the_o latin_a of_o those_o time_n wherein_o he_o render_v many_o saxon_a word_n and_o thing_n by_o the_o legal_a phrase_n and_o dialect_n of_o the_o norman_n he_o be_v install_v 8._o install_v ib._n f._n a._n 515._o lin_v 8._o abbot_n 1076._o and_o write_v some_o part_n of_o his_o history_n at_o least_o after_o the_o survey_v finish_v for_o he_o 10._o he_o ib._n f._n b._n 516._o n._n 10._o take_v a_o copy_n of_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o croyland_n abbey_n out_o of_o it_o gulielmus_fw-la gemeticensis_n a._n gemeticensis_n order_n vit._n prologue_n li._n 3._o f._n 458._o a._n a_o monk_n of_o gemeticum_n now_o jumegy_n a_o monastery_n in_o normandy_n abbreviate_v dudo_n and_o write_v the_o act_n of_o the_o succeed_a duke_n and_o b._n and_o the_o epistle_n to_o duke_n william_n f._n 215._o a._n b._n dedicate_v his_o work_n to_o william_n the_o conqueror_n the_o act_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o impute_v to_o he_o be_v probable_o write_v by_o some_o other_o sigebertus_n 1113._o sigebertus_n rob._n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr a._n 1113._o gemblacensis_fw-la a_o french_a man_n bear_v and_o benedictine_n monk_n of_o gemblour_n in_o brabant_n he_o write_v a_o chronography_n from_o the_o year_n 381_o to_o the_o year_n 1112_o in_o which_o he_o die_v it_o be_v continue_v by_o robert_n 150._o robert_n trithem_n p._n 150._o de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr to_o the_o year_n 1210._o paul_n the_o deacon_n or_o warnefrid_n a_o monk_n of_o cassino_n now_o st._n germano_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n by_o nation_n a_o italian_a or_o lombard_n 80._o lombard_n sigebert_n de_fw-fr script_n ecclesiast_fw-la c._n 80._o for_o his_o learning_n be_v call_v into_o the_o service_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o great_a florentius_n 66._o florentius_n bal._n the_o script_n ang._n cent._n 2._o c._n 66._o bavonius_n a_o monk_n of_o worcester_n write_v a_o general_a history_n from_o adam_n unto_o the_o year_n 1118_o which_o be_v continue_v unto_o the_o year_n 1141_o by_o another_o monk_n of_o the_o same_o monastery_n and_o die_v 1119._o 19_o o._n hen._n 1_o there_n eadmerus_n 12.199_o eadmerus_n selden_n praefat_fw-la ad_fw-la eadm_n f._n 1st_a ex_fw-la pit_n aetate_fw-la 12.199_o surname_v canter_n or_o chanter_n bear_v in_o england_n a_o monk_n of_o canturbury_n of_o the_o order_n of_o st._n benedict_n afterward_o abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n and_o last_o bishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n in_o scotland_n be_v a_o great_a friend_n and_o intimate_v of_o anselm_n archbishop_n of_o canturbury_n a_o companion_n with_o he_o in_o his_o exile_n and_o privy_a to_o all_o his_o counsel_n and_o action_n he_o be_v 1121._o be_v simon_n dunelm_n 1121._o make_v bishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n 1121_o in_o the_o 21_o st_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o hen._n 1_o st_o and_o be_v a_o monk_n of_o canturbury_n in_o the_o conqueror_n time_n be_v in_o the_o company_n and_o presence_n of_o archbishop_n lanfranc_n when_o he_o receive_v the_o first_o news_n of_o william_n death_n as_o he_o testify_v of_o himself_o f._n 3._o lin_v 42._o ordericus_n vitalis_n a_o monk_n etc._n monk_n f._n 548._o a._n 824._o a._n b._n etc._n etc._n of_o vticum_n or_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n ebrulf_n now_o st._n eurole_v in_o normandy_n bear_v in_o england_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1075._o and_o live_v 67_o year_n at_o norm_a at_o praefat._n ad_fw-la script_n norm_a eleven_o year_n old_a be_v enter_v into_o that_o monastery_n a._n d._n 1086._o and_o there_o live_v 56_o year_n his_o history_n be_v chief_o ecclesiastic_a but_o intermix_v with_o much_o secular_a story_n and_o continue_v unto_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1121._o he_o die_v an._n dom._n 1142._o simon_n antiqu_n simon_n selden_n in_o prâ—fat_n ad_fw-la script_n x._o antiqu_n dunelmensis_n end_v his_o history_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1130._o in_o the_o 30_o the_o year_n of_o hen._n the_o 1_o st_z and_o die_v not_o long_o after_o he_o be_v a_o monk_n and_o precentor_n of_o that_o church_n of_o duresm_n and_o a_o learned_a man_n in_o that_o age_n but_o transcribe_v much_o out_o of_o florentius_n of_o worcester_n the_o continuer_n of_o florence_n fine_a florence_n by_o his_o own_o testimony_n f._n 672._o in_o fine_a a_o monk_n of_o the_o same_o monastery_n who_o continue_v his_o history_n from_o the_o year_n 1117_o to_o the_o year_n 1142_o he_o live_v and_o write_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n stephen_n william_n a_o benedictine_n monk_n of_o malmesbury_n dedicate_v his_o history_n to_o robert_n duke_n of_o gloucester_n natural_a son_n to_o henry_n the_o first_o who_o begin_v to_o reign_v anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1100_o and_o die_v 1135_o he_o write_v unto_o the_o year_n 1144_o as_o appear_v in_o his_o end_n his_o towards_o the_o late_a end_n novel_n he_o write_v from_o the_o first_o come_v in_o of_o the_o saxon_n to_o his_o own_o time_n henry_n archdeacon_n 192._o archdeacon_n balaeus_n f._n 192._o of_o huntingdon_n write_v a_o history_n of_o the_o 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christ_n before_o the_o come_v of_o julius_n caesar_n hither_o i_o shall_v from_o that_o time_n begin_v this_o history_n and_o out_o of_o his_o own_o commentary_n and_o other_o allow_a author_n of_o the_o roman_n brief_o relate_v the_o affair_n of_o britain_n during_o their_o rule_n and_o empire_n here_o he_o then_o have_v bring_v under_o the_o roman_a obedience_n the_o great_a part_n of_o france_n of_o gallia_n france_n gallia_n be_v by_o the_o senate_n 132._o coment_fw-fr lib._n 4._o p._n 132._o decree_v governor_n thereof_o for_o five_o year_n britain_n dio_fw-mi cassius_n foe_z 63._o what_o move_v caesar_n to_o attempt_v britain_n move_v with_o revenge_n because_o the_o britain_n have_v often_o aid_v the_o gaul_n in_o their_o war_n against_o the_o roman_n or_o by_o his_o own_o inclination_n to_o attempt_v great_a thing_n whereby_o he_o may_v advance_v the_o glory_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n resolve_v upon_o a_o voyage_n into_o britain_n towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o summer_n and_o though_o he_o shall_v then_o want_v time_n to_o carry_v on_o the_o war_n he_o design_v or_o the_o season_n prove_v unfit_a for_o it_o yet_o he_o think_v it_o may_v be_v of_o great_a use_n to_o he_o for_o the_o future_a if_o he_o enter_v the_o isle_n know_v and_o understand_v the_o man_n place_n port_n and_o access_n almost_o all_o which_o be_v unknown_a to_o the_o gaul_n for_o they_o admit_v none_o but_o merchant_n into_o the_o isle_n and_o these_o only_o know_v the_o coast_n which_o lay_v over_o against_o gallia_n but_o before_o he_o adventure_v himself_o he_o send_v cajus_n volusenus_n island_n he_o send_v cajus_n volusenus_n before_o to_o discover_v the_o island_n a_o military_a tribune_n in_o a_o longboat_n or_o galley_n with_o command_n to_o discover_v all_o thing_n and_o that_o he_o shall_v return_v to_o he_o as_o soon_o as_o may_v be_v who_o be_v thus_o dispatch_v he_o march_v with_o his_o army_n towards_o the_o the_o the_o morine_n coast_n extend_v from_o calis_n 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arras_n attrebatum_n now_o the_o chief_a city_n in_o artois_n arras_n who_o he_o have_v make_v king_n of_o that_o
upon_o their_o people_n isle_n the_o saxon_n and_o franc_n invade_v the_o british_a isle_n and_o in_o the_o four_o consulate_v of_o the_o same_o emperor_n an._n dom._n 373._o 696._o 373._o chronicon_fw-la cassidori_n fol._n 696._o the_o saxon_n collect_v 47._o collect_v val._n rerum_fw-la fran._n libre_fw-la 1._o fol._n 47._o a_o great_a force_n of_o the_o german_n to_o have_v invade_v gallia_n and_o near_o the_o rhine_n about_o 80000_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v by_o the_o direction_n of_o valentinian_n neither_o do_v they_o only_o infest_v the_o coast_n and_o country_n of_o gallia_n but_o the_o british_a isle_n and_o wherever_o else_o they_o can_v make_v descent_n plunder_n and_o be_v the_o country_n and_o bring_v it_o under_o tribute_n live_v upon_o and_o enrich_v themselves_o by_o rapine_n and_o piracy_n saxon-shore_n piracy_n ann._n marcell_n lib._n 28._o c._n 7._o they_o become_v dreadful_a for_o the_o sudden_a invasion_n the_o count_n of_o the_o saxon-shore_n be_v the_o most_o 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the_o southermost_a mouth_n of_o the_o rhine_n and_o scheld_n cluverius_n in_o his_o three_o book_n antiq._n germ._n c._n 21._o and_o 23._o and_o mr._n sheringham_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr origine_fw-la gent._n angl._n c._n 2._o n._n 1._o and_o c._n 3._o n._n 1._o do_v both_o assert_v and_o these_o german_a people_n come_v hither_o under_o the_o name_n only_o of_o saxon_n or_o at_o least_o of_o saxon_n angli_fw-la and_o jute_n which_o be_v only_o report_v by_o our_o historian_n to_o have_v come_v with_o they_o may_v as_o well_o have_v be_v call_v almain_n as_o the_o collection_n of_o the_o several_a people_n of_o gallia_n allmannie_n almain_n why_o so_o call_v or_o rather_o allmannia_n allmannie_n who_o want_n and_o poverty_n have_v make_v dare_v and_o courageous_a which_o conquer_a the_o country_n in_o germany_n lie_v between_o the_o river_n rhine_n main_n and_o danube_n call_v after_o their_o conquest_n de_fw-fr allmane_a or_o die_v allemanner_n from_o this_o miscellaneous_n collection_n or_o convention_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n by_o who_o it_o be_v conquer_a as_o agathias_n a_o approve_a author_n that_o live_v near_o the_o time_n of_o this_o transmigration_n of_o the_o gall_n into_o germany_n assure_v we_o lib._n 1._o scot_n ethelw_n lib._n 1._o seld._n dom._n sea_n 250._o the_o miscellaneous_n people_n of_o the_o saxon_n call_v into_o england_n against_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n this_o miscellaneous_n people_n thus_o know_v to_o the_o britain_n by_o their_o frequent_a spoil_n and_o harrass_v of_o the_o country_n near_o the_o seacoast_n for_o many_o year_n together_o be_v call_v into_o their_o assistance_n against_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n when_o the_o roman_n leave_v this_o island_n and_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o it_o as_o be_v relate_v in_o the_o ensue_a history_n what_o their_o policy_n and_o government_n be_v and_o by_o what_o law_n and_o rule_n they_o govern_v here_o come_v next_o to_o be_v inquire_v into_o these_o as_o all_o 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bring_v with_o they_o out_o of_o germany_n dissert_n ad_fw-la flet._n c._n 7._o p._n 505._o and_o when_o any_o nation_n or_o people_n begin_v to_o be_v more_o civilise_v and_o to_o write_v their_o law_n they_o be_v but_o the_o custom_n they_o have_v constant_o use_v unless_o the_o rude_a and_o barbarous_a tradition_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o pagan_n be_v by_o the_o first_o or_o ancient_a christian_a king_n alter_v or_o abolish_v lindenbrog_n prologomen_n in_o cod_n leg_n antiquarum_fw-la and_o more_o particular_o gryphiander_n civility_n gryphiander_n de_fw-fr weichbild_n saxon._n c._n 37._o n._n 4._o law_n increase_v with_o civility_n concern_v the_o saxon_n from_o crant_n lib._n 2._o c._n 21._o when_o as_o by_o time_n civility_n increase_v in_o the_o saxon_a nation_n the_o observation_n of_o law_n also_o increase_v thence_o it_o be_v that_o those_o thing_n which_o by_o long_a use_n have_v be_v approve_v be_v at_o length_n reduce_v into_o a_o code_n or_o book_n which_o unwritten_a tradition_n and_o usage_n i_o shall_v not_o prosecute_v as_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o write_a law_n of_o the_o german_n which_o be_v more_o ancient_a than_o any_o i_o find_v of_o the_o english_a saxon_n in_o this_o nation_n the_o first_o of_o the_o saxon_n here_o that_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o be_v those_o of_o ethelbert_n mention_v by_o bede_n lib._n 2._o c._n 5._o fol._n 120._o which_o he_o say_v roman_n ethelbert_n k._n of_o kent_n give_v law_n after_o the_o example_n of_o the_o roman_n according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o the_o roman_n he_o make_v by_o the_o counsel_n or_o advice_n of_o his_o wise_a man_n and_o that_o they_o be_v write_v in_o the_o english_a tongue_n and_o observe_v in_o his_o time_n i_o confess_v these_o law_n i_o have_v not_o see_v but_o they_o be_v note_v by_o the_o laborious_a and_o learned_a dugdale_n in_o his_o origin_n jurisd_v c._n 22._o but_o there_o can_v probable_o be_v much_o in_o they_o if_o any_o thing_n at_o all_o more_o than_o be_v in_o our_o saxon_a law_n publish_v by_o lambard_n for_o alured_n in_o the_o preface_n to_o his_o law_n say_v that_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o wise_a man_n he_o collect_v what_o ever_o be_v worth_a notice_n out_o of_o the_o law_n of_o ethelbert_n ina_n and_o offa_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v observe_v and_o omit_v the_o rest_n the_o beginning_n of_o ethelbert_n reign_n be_v fix_v in_o the_o year_n 561_o 561._o he_o begin_v his_o reign_n a._n d._n 561._o by_o this_o worthy_a author_n but_o according_a to_o bede_n account_n he_o begin_v his_o reign_n in_o 557._o for_o he_o die_v anno_fw-la dom._n 613._o and_o reign_v 56_o year_n king_n of_o kent_n as_o he_o report_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o chapter_n aforesaid_a the_o next_o law_n of_o the_o saxon_n i_o find_v any_o where_o be_v ina_n law_n ina_n law_n king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n print_v in_o lambert_n archaionomia_fw-la fol._n 1_o this_o king_n
begin_v his_o reign_n anno_fw-la dom._n 712_o and_o die_v 727._o ibid._n the_o rest_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o saxon_a and_o danish_a king_n follow_v in_o their_o succession_n of_o time_n unto_o the_o conquest_n of_o england_n by_o william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n have_v thus_o note_a the_o age_n and_o beginning_n of_o our_o saxon_a law_n i_o shall_v also_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o time_n when_o first_o the_o several_a german_a and_o french_a law_n be_v compose_v or_o reduce_v into_o write_v as_o they_o be_v publish_v by_o lindenbrogius_fw-la in_o his_o code_n of_o ancient_a law_n the_o first_o be_v the_o the_o east-france_n hotton_n in_o verb._n in_o diction_n feud_n salic-law_n why_o so_o call_v aâ—mon_n lib._n 2._o c._n 10._o gallia_n west-france_n germany_n east-france_n so_o call_v from_o the_o river_n sala_n in_o germany_n about_o which_o the_o eastern_a franc_n inhabit_v or_o probable_o near_o it_o hold_v their_o placita_fw-la and_o convention_n in_o which_o they_o make_v their_o law_n etc._n etc._n or_o from_o sal_fw-la or_o sala_n the_o same_o with_o aula_n a_o hall_n or_o court_n so_o that_o then_o salic-law_n be_v the_o royal_a or_o court-law_n salique_a law_n dictate_v to_o the_o the_o they_o be_v a_o stout_a people_n and_o inhabit_a no_n large_a country_n between_o the_o saxon_n and_o almain_n call_v franconia_n afterward_o they_o overrun_v all_o gallia_n and_o germany_n so_o that_o gallia_n be_v call_v west-france_n and_o germany_n east-france_n wendelin_n in_o his_o leges_fw-la salicae_fw-la illustratae_fw-la endeavour_n to_o prove_v the_o franc_n to_o have_v possess_v or_o inhabit_v the_o country_n of_o the_o aetuatici_n which_o he_o place_n in_o belgium_n or_o germany_n the_o less_o and_o in_o the_o province_n of_o brabant_n between_o the_o river_n tamar_n and_o lachar_n and_o the_o wood_n or_o forest_n call_v la_o forest_n charboniere_n make_v die_v the_o ancient_a sala_n hall_n or_o court_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o salic_a or_o noble_a franc_n and_o in_o his_o glossary_n of_o salique_a atuatic_a word_n he_o derive_v the_o word_n francus_n from_o the_o atuatic_a word_n vranghe_a or_o vranck_n yet_o in_o use_n in_o haspen_n 36._o haspen_n hottom_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la gryph_n weich_fw-ge bild_n saxon._n c._n 40._o n._n 5.8_o loccen_n antiq._n sueo-goth_n p._n 35_o 36._o or_o hasbania_n the_o neighbour_a country_n which_o signify_v stout_a cruel_a fierce_a austere_a etc._n etc._n and_o further_o that_o the_o name_n of_o the_o franc_n be_v never_o know_v beyond_o the_o rhine_n until_o the_o year_n 496._o when_v chlodouâ—us_n in_o a_o mighty_a victory_n at_o tolbiacum_n now_o zulick_n near_o colen_n subdue_v the_o almain_n who_o then_o leave_v off_o their_o own_o name_n and_o call_v themselves_o francones_n and_o their_o country_n franconia_n to_o obtain_v favour_n from_o their_o fierce_a and_o cruel_a conqueror_n and_o allay_v their_o severity_n franc_n by_o four_o of_o their_o nobility_n or_o chief_a man_n choose_v out_o of_o many_o other_o as_o sigebertus_n gemblac_n report_v in_o the_o year_n 422._o but_o under_o the_o prologue_n to_o these_o law_n it_o be_v say_v that_o charles_n king_n of_o france_n which_o be_v charlemaign_a order_v the_o small_a book_n write_v salic-law_n when_o first_o write_v or_o tract_n of_o the_o salique_a law_n to_o be_v write_v not_o but_o they_o be_v write_v before_o without_o doubt_n here_o only_o he_o intend_v they_o shall_v be_v make_v more_o public_a the_o next_o be_v the_o burgundian_n law_n give_v burgundian-law_n when_o first_o give_v establish_v by_o gundebald_a king_n of_o burgundy_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n as_o be_v say_v in_o the_o preface_n to_o these_o law_n which_o be_v about_o the_o year_n 500_o as_o appear_v by_o greg._n turon_n lib._n 2._o c._n 32._o with_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o nobility_n or_o optimacy_n and_o be_v select_v out_o of_o some_o former_a constitution_n of_o his_o own_o and_o his_o parent_n or_o predecessor_n next_o follow_v the_o alaman_fw-mi boioarian_n or_o bavarian_n and_o ripuarian_a ripuarius_n ripuarian_a ripuarii_n be_v those_o people_n that_o inhabit_v the_o country_n between_o the_o river_n rhine_n mose_n and_o moselle_n from_o ripa_n a_o river_n bank_n whence_o riparius_n and_o ripuarius_n law_n which_o the_o prologue_n to_o the_o bavarian_a law_n say_v be_v give_v by_o king_n theoderic_n method_n boioarian_n or_o bavarian_a law_n when_o first_o give_v when_o the_o alaman_fw-mi and_o ripuarian_n the_o law_n of_o the_o west-goth_n when_o reduce_v into_o method_n or_o theiri_n king_n of_o austrasiae_fw-la almaniae_fw-la etc._n etc._n son_n of_o clodovaeus_n greg._n turon_n lib._n 3._o c._n 1._o who_o begin_v his_o reign_n anno_fw-la 514_o or_o 515._o helvicus_n a_o isaacson_n then_o the_o law_n of_o the_o wisigoth_n or_o west-goth_n a_o german_a people_n be_v reduce_v into_o some_o sort_n of_o method_n by_o euricus_fw-la or_o euridicus_fw-la or_o theodoricus_n about_o the_o year_n 500_o lindenbr_n in_o prolegom_n and_o receive_v many_o addition_n and_o much_o force_n from_o chindaswind_n and_o receswind_n king_n of_o these_o goth_n who_o begin_v their_o reign_n about_o the_o year_n 644_o and_o 650._o ll._n wisigoth_n lib._n 2._o tit._n 1._o leg_n 1.5_o 7_o 9_o about_o this_o time_n the_o law_n of_o the_o that_o the_o longobard_n from_o the_o latin_a word_n longus_n and_o the_o gothish_a word_n bard_n or_o bart_n a_o lance_n twoedged_n spear_n or_o halberd_n so_o call_v from_o the_o long_a lance_n or_o halberd_n which_o they_o use_v in_o war_n they_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o norwegian_n among_o who_o no_o other_o arm_n be_v more_o frequent_a than_o that_o longobard_n which_o be_v know_v by_o use_n and_o memory_n only_o write_v the_o longobard_n or_o lombard_n law_n when_o first_o write_v king_n rotharis_n who_o according_a to_o isaacson_n begin_v his_o reign_n anno_fw-la dom._n 638._o cause_v they_o to_o be_v put_v in_o order_n and_o write_v 70_o year_n after_o the_o lombard_n come_v into_o italy_n paulus_n diac._n hist_n longobard_fw-mi lib._n 4._o c._n 44._o law_n the_o saxon_n angles_n varin_n and_o frison_n law_n after_o these_o or_o rather_o of_o a_o incertain_a date_n be_v the_o saxon_a law_n the_o law_n of_o the_o angle_n varin_n and_o frison_n of_o which_o there_o be_v but_o few_o publish_v and_o therefore_o presume_v to_o be_v lose_v unless_o they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o law_n of_o some_o other_o nation_n with_o their_o own_o the_o capitulary_a of_o charlemaign_n ludovicus_n pius_n his_o son_n son_n the_o capitulary_a of_o charles_n the_o great_a ludor_fw-la pius_n his_o son_n and_o lothar_n he_o son_n and_o lotharius_n his_o son_n be_v collect_v by_o ansegisus_fw-la abbas_n lobiensis_fw-la afterward_o archbishop_n of_o sens_n trithemius_n p._n 120._o in_o the_o thirteen_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o ludovicus_n pius_n and_o his_o son_n lotharius_n an._n dom._n 827._o as_o he_o find_v they_o disperse_v here_o and_o there_o in_o diverse_a membrane_n or_o parchment_n as_o he_o say_v in_o his_o preface_n to_o these_o law_n which_o he_o divide_v into_o four_o book_n eginhart_n in_o this_o matter_n say_v that_o after_o charlemaign_n be_v emperor_n he_o take_v notice_n that_o there_o be_v much_o want_v in_o the_o law_n of_o his_o people_n which_o he_o think_v to_o have_v add_v and_o reconcile_v the_o difference_n in_o they_o and_o to_o have_v correct_v the_o evil_a law_n but_o he_o do_v nothing_o more_o than_o add_v a_o few_o chapter_n to_o the_o law_n in_o be_v and_o those_o imperfect_a yet_o he_o cause_v the_o law_n of_o all_o nation_n under_o his_o dominion_n that_o be_v not_o write_v to_o be_v write_v p._n 32._o the_o three_o latter_a book_n of_o this_o capitulary_a be_v collect_v by_o benedict_n the_o levite_n from_o divers_a place_n and_o schedule_n but_o chief_o out_o of_o the_o archive_v of_o the_o metropolitical_a church_n of_o mentz_n whereunto_o he_o belong_v and_o as_o he_o note_v some_o chapter_n be_v to_o be_v find_v double_a or_o treble_a and_o some_o the_o same_o with_o those_o collect_v by_o ansegise_n because_o he_o find_v they_o in_o diverse_a schedule_n and_o have_v not_o time_n to_o correct_v or_o reduce_v they_o into_o order_n see_v his_o preface_n before_o the_o five_o book_n many_o different_a and_o almost_o contrary_a law_n there_o be_v in_o this_o capitulary_a and_o the_o other_o german_a constitution_n and_o be_v so_o because_o make_v by_o diverse_a emperor_n king_n and_o governor_n with_o their_o council_n at_o diverse_a time_n and_o in_o diverse_a country_n according_a to_o their_o several_a usage_n and_o be_v publish_v as_o they_o be_v find_v nor_o be_v there_o ever_o that_o i_o find_v a_o entire_a code_n pick_v out_o of_o all_o these_o law_n as_o charles_n the_o great_a without_o doubt_n design_v for_o a_o general_n law_n yet_o this_o capitulary_a which_o bear_v his_o name_n be_v call_v a_o edict_n germany_n the_o capitularie_n of_o charles_n
liberty_n or_o freedom_n as_o whether_o he_o be_v a_o freeman_n or_o not_o or_o when_o the_o controversy_n be_v concern_v a_o inheritance_n in_o all_o other_o case_n the_o earl_n or_o come_v distrain_v they_o and_o the_o proceed_n be_v by_o distress_n by_o the_o word_n distringere_fw-la in_o the_o old_a german_a law_n be_v use_v as_o in_o we_o to_o force_v man_n to_o appear_v in_o court_n or_o give_v satisfaction_n by_o take_v a_o distress_n distringas_fw-la from_o the_o come_v after_o summons_n a_o method_n use_v this_o day_n in_o many_o if_o not_o all_o of_o our_o county_n and_o hundred_o court_n in_o this_o nation_n and_o if_o after_o the_o second_o summons_n they_o appear_v not_o all_o their_o good_n be_v seize_v ll._n longob_n lib._n 2._o tit._n 43._o c._n 2.4_o ll._n boioar._n tit._n 6._o also_o qui_fw-la ad_fw-la mallum_n legibus_fw-la mannitus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la &_o non_fw-la venerit_fw-la si_fw-la eum_fw-la sunnis_fw-la contain_v sunnis_fw-la sunnis_n a_o impediment_n or_o excuse_n hence_o the_o barbarous_a latin_a exonia_n and_o the_o french_a essoin_fw-fr and_o from_o they_o it_o come_v into_o our_o law_n and_o in_o cast_v and_o plead_v essoin_n a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o art_n of_o our_o old_a law_n be_v contain_v non_fw-la detinuerit_fw-la sol_fw-la 15._o culpabilis_fw-la judicetur_fw-la etc._n etc._n if_o any_o man_n according_a to_o law_n be_v summon_v to_o the_o mall_n and_o come_v not_o if_o he_o have_v no_o excuse_n or_o impediment_n he_o be_v punish_v fifteen_o shilling_n so_o the_o second_o and_o so_o the_o three_o time_n the_o four_o time_n he_o be_v in_o contempt_n and_o his_o possession_n be_v seize_v until_o he_o appear_v and_o give_v satisfaction_n in_o the_o matter_n for_o which_o he_o be_v summon_v and_o if_o he_o have_v no_o propriety_n of_o his_o own_o his_o fee_n if_o he_o have_v one_o be_v seize_v the_o first_o summons_n be_v upon_o a_o week_n notice_n the_o second_o a_o fourteenight_n the_o three_o three_o week_n and_o the_o four_o 42_o night_n or_o six_o week_n the_o summons_n be_v thus_o make_v he_o that_o summon_v another_o man_n go_v to_o his_o house_n with_o witness_n make_v how_o summons_n be_v make_v and_o summon_v he_o in_o his_o own_o person_n but_o if_o he_o find_v he_o not_o he_o give_v his_o wife_n notice_n or_o any_o of_o his_o family_n that_o they_o shall_v tell_v he_o he_o be_v summon_v which_o be_v sufficient_a ll._n salique_a tit._n 1._o §_o 3._o and_o in_o many_o other_o law_n it_o be_v probable_a the_o come_v make_v his_o summons_n by_o a_o writ_n or_o short_a writing_n in_o manner_n of_o a_o citation_n a_o form_n of_o which_o be_v extant_a in_o marculph_n formulae_fw-la n._n 116._o as_o to_o the_o english_a saxon_n mr._n lambard_n 65._o lambard_n arch._n p._n 64_o 65._o think_v their_o proceed_n in_o judgement_n be_v the_o plano_fw-la and_o without_o solemnity_n they_o use_v for_o aught_o he_o can_v observe_v not_o to_o call_v the_o party_n by_o writ_n or_o writing_n but_o send_v for_o they_o by_o certain_a messenger_n or_o minister_n such_o as_o we_o from_o the_o norman_n call_v sergeant_n from_o the_o latin_a serviens_fw-la a_o servant_n and_o if_o they_o do_v use_v any_o writ_n it_o be_v strange_a the_o form_n of_o some_o of_o they_o shall_v not_o be_v find_v in_o the_o leiger_n or_o book_n of_o some_o of_o our_o old_a monastery_n or_o in_o some_o of_o our_o old_a historian_n yet_o one_o there_o be_v in_o spelm._n gloss_n cite_v out_o of_o the_o book_n of_o ramsey_n in_o hardy-cnute's_a time_n about_o 1041._o a_o possessionary_a writ_n to_o the_o burgher_n of_o thetford_n by_o which_o he_o will_v and_o command_v that_o aethelstane_n abbot_n of_o ramesey_n shall_v have_v his_o house_n or_o farm_n in_o thetford_n in_o norfolk_n as_o full_o and_o free_o etc._n etc._n but_o this_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o a_o late_a date_n and_o make_v after_o the_o norman_a mode_n by_o the_o stile_n of_o it_o and_o put_v in_o here_o to_o secure_v the_o title_n though_o we_o have_v no_o clear_a example_n of_o the_o process_n and_o judgement_n here_o in_o the_o english_a saxon_a time_n yet_o we_o find_v some_o very_a ancient_a among_o the_o german_n by_o which_o we_o may_v receive_v some_o light_n perhaps_o how_o they_o proceed_v in_o this_o nation_n germany_n nation_n appendix_n the_o form_n of_o a_o judgement_n in_o old_a germany_n one_o hrothelm_n come_v to_o the_o public_a mall_n for_o the_o hear_n of_o all_o cause_n hold_v by_o humfrid_n earl_n of_o rhaetia_n in_o his_o court_n in_o the_o field_n the_o seven_o year_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a anno_fw-la dom._n 807._o or_o there_o about_o complain_v to_o the_o come_v and_o claim_v a_o house_n unjust_o withhold_v from_o he_o the_o earl_n call_v together_o the_o witness_n which_o be_v of_o the_o very_a country_n where_o the_o house_n be_v and_o charge_v they_o upon_o their_o oath_n that_o they_o shall_v speak_v the_o truth_n what_o they_o know_v in_o that_o cause_n and_o they_o say_v they_o know_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o house_n and_o the_o ground_n that_o one_o mado_n have_v border_v upon_o it_o and_o they_o set_v out_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o house_n and_o land_n what_o belong_v to_o hrothelm_v and_o what_o to_o mado_n than_o he_o command_v they_o to_o go_v upon_o the_o place_n and_o show_v the_o bound_n which_o they_o do_v and_o fix_v the_o bound_n between_o the_o two_o dwelling_n as_o they_o have_v say_v and_o the_o earl_n direct_v many_o noble_n there_o present_a to_o go_v with_o they_o this_o be_v do_v the_o come_v ask_v the_o scabin_n what_o they_o will_v judge_v in_o that_o cause_n and_o they_o say_v according_a to_o the_o testimony_n of_o those_o man_n and_o his_o inquisition_n and_o judgement_n be_v give_v according_o these_o be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o witness_n or_o juror_n valeriano_n burgolfo_n vrsone_n stefano_n majornio_n valerio_n leontio_n victore_fw-la maurestone_n frontiano_n florentio_n siptone_n valentiano_n quintello_n stradaris_n these_o be_v the_o name_n of_o the_o scabin_n flavino_n orcisino_n odmaro_n alexandro_n eusebio_n maurentio_n and_o very_o many_o other_o append_v n._n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5._o in_o append_v see_v the_o judgement_n its_o self_n in_o barbarous_a provincial_a latin_n and_o that_o these_o testes_fw-la be_v the_o same_o we_o call_v juror_n or_o juryman_n be_v evident_a from_o the_o law_n of_o the_o longob_n lib._n 2._o tit._n 51._o de_fw-la testibus_fw-la the_o best_a person_n in_o every_o territory_n or_o city_n against_o which_o there_o be_v no_o crime_n be_v testes_fw-la and_o juror_n the_o same_o in_o pago_fw-la vel_fw-la civitate_fw-la what_o sort_n of_o man_n the_o testes_fw-la be_v to_o be_v be_v to_o be_v witness_n c._n 3._o the_o come_v or_o judge_n be_v to_o admit_v none_o of_o ill_a fame_n in_o their_o country_n to_o be_v witness_n c._n 7._o witness_n not_o to_o be_v of_o any_o other_o county_n nisi_fw-la de_fw-fr illo_fw-la comitatu_fw-la where_o the_o thing_n in_o controversy_n be_v because_o it_o be_v presume_v none_o can_v know_v better_o the_o state_n and_o condition_n of_o a_o man_n whether_o free_a or_o a_o slave_n or_o the_o possession_n of_o any_o man_n better_a than_o their_o neighbour_n such_o as_o be_v near_a they_o c._n 11._o such_o freeman_n only_o as_o have_v a_o propriety_n of_o their_o own_o be_v admit_v to_o be_v witness_n and_o not_o tenant_n or_o such_o as_o reside_v upon_o their_o lord_n land_n and_o have_v no_o propriety_n of_o their_o own_o yet_o such_o may_v be_v conjurator_n of_o other_o freeman_n because_o they_o be_v freeman_n c._n 15._o capit._fw-la car._n &_o ludou._n lib._n 5._o c._n 150._o now_o let_v any_o man_n consider_v these_o qualification_n of_o their_o witness_n and_o he_o must_v think_v they_o the_o same_o with_o our_o ancient_a juror_n or_o juryman_n in_o england_n for_o witness_n in_o private_a cause_n between_o man_n and_o man_n can_v not_o be_v capable_a of_o these_o circumstance_n and_o that_o in_o all_o probability_n juror_n be_v use_v all_o old_a germany_n over_o before_o we_o have_v they_o here_o and_o also_o that_o the_o twelve_o thanes_z mention_v in_o king_n edgar_n law_n be_v scabin_n inferior_a judge_n and_o assessor_n with_o the_o alderman_n and_o not_o juror_n somewhat_o like_o our_o justice_n of_o peace_n at_o our_o assize_n before_o the_o conquest_n and_o at_o the_o time_n of_o make_v the_o survey_n on_o doomesday-book_n the_o juror_n here_o be_v also_o call_v witness_n ll._n canut_n polit_fw-la c._n 76._o he_o that_o have_v defend_v or_o secure_v his_o land_n by_o the_o testimony_n or_o witness_n of_o the_o county_n be_v scire_fw-la gewitness_n and_o in_o doomsday_n the_o verdict_n of_o the_o jury_n be_v often_o call_v the_o testimony_n or_o witness_n of_o the_o county_n or_o hundred_o clamores_fw-la de_fw-la eurwicscire_fw-la north_n trede_n homines_fw-la qui_fw-la
only_o and_o receive_v from_o the_o old_a german_n and_o saxon_n our_o law_n and_o magistrate_n but_o the_o rank_n and_o order_n of_o our_o people_n also_o the_o saxon_n have_v their_o kingdom_n their_o from_o edel_n or_o ethel_n noble_a and_o ling_n or_o ing_n a_o patronymick_a as_o some_o or_o a_o termination_n only_o as_o other_o will_v have_v it_o general_o it_o signify_v all_o sort_n of_o the_o nobility_n but_o strict_o with_o we_o the_o king_n elder_a son_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o kingdom_n edlingi_n termination_n edlingi_n from_o fri_n free_a and_o the_o same_o termination_n frilingi_n slave_n frilingi_n from_o fri_n free_a and_o lazzi_n a_o slave_n frilazi_n &_o lazzi_n nobiles_fw-la ingenui_fw-la libertini_n or_o place_n or_o they_o be_v call_v manumissi_fw-la because_o put_v or_o deliver_v from_o one_o man_n hand_n to_o another_o he_o that_o mâ—numissed_a or_o make_v free_v his_o slave_n deliver_v he_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o freeman_n and_o he_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o three_o and_o he_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o a_o four_o freeman_n and_o the_o four_o lead_v he_o into_o a_o place_n where_o four_o way_n meet_v and_o say_v to_o he_o the_o other_o be_v witness_n here_o be_v four_o way_n and_o you_o have_v free_a power_n to_o walk_v in_o which_o you_o will_v ll._n longob_n lib._n 2._o tit._n 35._o c._n 1._o other_o way_n there_o be_v of_o manumission_n or_o make_v man_n free_a by_o will_n ibid._n tit._n 18._o c._n 3._o by_o charter_n or_o deed_n marculph_n form_n n._n 89_o 90_o 91_o etc._n etc._n by_o strike_v a_o denarius_fw-la or_o piece_n of_o money_n out_o of_o the_o slave_n hand_n vet._n chart._n alaman_n goldast_n n._n 7._o and_o several_a other_o way_n from_o the_o two_o last_o the_o manumit_v person_n be_v call_v homo_fw-la chartularius_fw-la &_o homo_fw-la denarialiâ—_n ll._n longob_n lib._n 2._o tit._n 35._o c._n 11._o and_o as_o there_o be_v several_a way_n of_o be_v make_v free_a so_o be_v there_o several_a way_n of_o become_a slave_n by_o birth_n when_o they_o be_v bear_v of_o such_o parent_n other_o sell_v themselves_o into_o slavery_n for_o a_o price_n agree_v on_o between_o they_o and_o their_o patron_n other_o have_v be_v condemn_v to_o death_n be_v redeem_v from_o it_o with_o a_o price_n and_o in_o satisfaction_n of_o the_o debt_n become_v servant_n or_o slave_n to_o he_o that_o pay_v the_o money_n other_o through_o want_n and_o poverty_n not_o have_v wherewith_o to_o seed_v and_o clothe_v themselves_o marculph_n formul_n n._n 134_o 135_o 136_o etc._n etc._n other_o for_o steal_v both_o here_o and_o in_o germany_n as_o a_o punishment_n to_o they_o be_v make_v slave_n ll._n inae_fw-la c._n 7._o ll._n burgund_n tit._n 57_o §._o 1_o 2_o 3_o etc._n etc._n the_o same_o law_n in_o both_o place_n manumissi_fw-la &_o servi_n nobleman_n freeman_n manumit_v slave_n such_o as_o have_v obtain_v their_o freedom_n germany_n lib._n 2._o rerum_fw-la german_n c._n 3._o frequency_n of_o slave_n when_o first_o in_o germany_n and_o servant_n or_o slave_n b._n rhemus_n tell_v we_o the_o frequency_n of_o slave_n in_o germany_n be_v after_o the_o battle_n of_o tolbiacum_n now_o zulch_v in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o juliers_n wherein_o lewis_n the_o great_a king_n of_o the_o franc_n total_o subdue_v the_o almain_n and_o all_o germany_n beyond_o the_o rhine_n anno_fw-la dom._n according_a to_o sigebert_n gemblacensis_fw-la 499._o and_o bring_v most_o of_o they_o into_o slavery_n and_o servitude_n some_o of_o they_o be_v servi_n fiscales_fw-la or_o fiscalini_n who_o body_n and_o estate_n belong_v to_o the_o king_n revenue_n other_o be_v servi_n ecclesiastici_fw-la ecclesiastic_a slave_n such_o as_o be_v give_v to_o monastery_n by_o the_o king_n his_o duke_n or_o earl_n and_o hence_o those_o prestation_n and_o payment_n of_o the_o best_a beast_n in_o the_o stable_a or_o best_a piece_n of_o householdstuff_n at_o the_o death_n of_o the_o master_n of_o the_o family_n to_o many_o abbat_n who_o by_o the_o liberality_n of_o the_o french_a prince_n enjoy_v many_o servant_n or_o slave_n in_o his_o time_n b._n rhenanus_fw-la in_o the_o place_n before_o cite_v all_o these_o sort_n of_o people_n be_v among_o our_o english_a saxon_n though_o by_o other_o name_n the_o nobility_n be_v call_v sapientes_fw-la witen_n ealderman_n cyning_n thegn_n eorles_n hlafords_n etc._n etc._n the_o freeman_n most_o common_o call_v freoh_o the_o servant_n or_o slave_n theow_n or_o thowe_v or_o thowe_v dove_n and_o the_o manumit_v slave_n or_o servant_n freoman_n servant_n freoman_n freot_fw-la mon_fw-fr a_o freedman_n or_o man_n make_v free_n summoner_n saxon._n dictionar_n in_o verb._n the_o first_o three_o sort_n occur_v often_o in_o the_o saxon_a law_n and_o the_o last_o in_o the_o eleven_o and_o twelve_o chapter_n to_o the_o preface_n of_o alured_n law_n that_o very_o many_o servant_n and_o slave_n there_o be_v here_o in_o the_o saxon_n time_n before_o the_o conquest_n may_v be_v prove_v from_o doomesday-book_n which_o the_o norman_n in_o their_o latin_a call_v villani_n bordarii_n servi_n etc._n etc._n and_o without_o doubt_n many_o there_o be_v of_o the_o libert_n or_o such_o as_o be_v make_v free_a see_v no_o body_n will_v be_v a_o slave_n or_o servant_n that_o can_v procure_v his_o freedom_n the_o german_a servant_n or_o slave_n can_v not_o better_v their_o condition_n what_o they_o get_v and_o wrought_v for_o be_v their_o patron_n germany_n servants_z their_o condition_n in_o germany_n they_o may_v be_v give_v away_o change_v or_o sell_v godalst_a antiq._n alaman_n tom._n 2._o chart._n 3_o 4._o and_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v think_v their_o condition_n be_v much_o better_o here_o for_o it_o shall_v seem_v by_o some_o of_o our_o old_a saxon_a law_n that_o the_o very_a freeman_n of_o ordinary_a condition_n have_v their_o lord_n or_o patron_n and_o be_v not_o absolute_o or_o independent_o free_a to_o do_v what_o they_o will_v ll._n inae_fw-la c._n 3._o if_o a_o servant_n drudge_n england_n freeman_n have_v their_o lord_n and_o patron_n in_o old_a england_n or_o slave_n work_v upon_o a_o sunday_n by_o his_o lord_n command_v let_v he_o be_v free_n if_o a_o freeman_n work_v the_o same_o day_n without_o his_o lord_n command_v he_o shall_v lose_v his_o freedom_n or_o sixty_o shilling_n germany_n freeman_n have_v their_o patron_n in_o old_a germany_n and_o in_o several_a place_n of_o these_o law_n freeman_n and_o lord_n be_v mention_v as_o relative_n and_o so_o it_o be_v in_o old_a saxony_n that_o freeman_n be_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o nobleman_n ll._n saxon._n c._n 16._o libre_fw-la homo_fw-la qui_fw-la sub_fw-la tutelâ_fw-la nobilis_fw-la cujuslibet_fw-la erat_fw-la qui_fw-la jam_fw-la in_o exilium_fw-la missus_fw-la si_fw-la haereditatem_fw-la svam_fw-la necessitate_v coactus_fw-la vendere_fw-la voluerit_fw-la tutori_fw-la svo_fw-la offerat_fw-la if_o a_o freeman_n that_o be_v under_o the_o protection_n of_o a_o nobleman_n be_v banish_v and_o force_v to_o sell_v his_o inheritance_n let_v he_o first_o offer_v it_o to_o his_o patron_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n there_o be_v a_o law_n among_o the_o west-goth_n lib._n 8._o tit._n 1._o c._n 1._o germany_n the_o state_n and_o condition_n of_o a_o freeman_n in_o germany_n the_o state_n and_o condition_n of_o a_o ordinary_a freeman_n in_o germany_n seem_v chief_o to_o relate_v to_o his_o work_n or_o labour_n by_o which_o we_o may_v take_v notice_n of_o the_o condition_n of_o a_o servant_n which_o can_v not_o do_v as_o he_o do_v but_o his_o patron_n or_o master_n receive_v what_o he_o have_v for_o they_o libre_fw-la homo_fw-la qui_fw-la statum_fw-la suum_fw-la in_o potestate_fw-la habet_fw-la &_o pejorare_fw-la eum_fw-la &_o meliorem_fw-la facere_fw-la potest_fw-la atque_fw-la ideo_fw-la operas_fw-la svas_fw-la diurnas_fw-la nocturnasque_fw-la locat_fw-la capit._fw-la car._n lib._n 3._o c._n 79._o a_o freeman_n which_o have_v his_o state_n or_o condition_n in_o his_o own_o power_n may_v make_v it_o better_o or_o worse_o and_o therefore_o may_v dispose_v of_o it_o or_o take_v wage_n for_o his_o night_n or_o day_n labour_n which_o a_o servant_n villain_n or_o slave_n can_v not_o do_v behaviour_n saxon_a freeman_n be_v constant_o bind_v to_o their_o good_a behaviour_n nor_o be_v the_o english_a saxon_a freeman_n of_o such_o a_o absolute_a free_a condition_n but_o that_o they_o stand_v constant_o bind_v to_o their_o good_a behaviour_n for_o king_n alfred_n institute_v hundred_o and_o tithing_n and_o contrive_v every_o shire_n into_o such_o portion_n and_o division_n that_o every_o english_a man_n live_v under_o law_n may_v be_v in_o some_o hundred_o or_o or_o tithing_n so_o call_v where_o ten_o man_n and_o their_o family_n be_v cast_v into_o a_o society_n all_o of_o they_o be_v bind_v to_o the_o king_n verbo_fw-la spelm._n glossar_n in_o verbo_fw-la for_o the_o peaceable_a and_o good_a behaviour_n of_o each_o other_o of_o their_o society_n of_o these_o there_o be_v one_o principal_a
unanswerable_a argument_n in_o the_o preface_n to_o the_o three_o part_n of_o his_o report_n these_o argument_n be_v draw_v from_o two_o head_n record_v as_o he_o call_v it_o and_o history_n but_o all_o the_o record_n i_o find_v cite_v to_o that_o purpose_n in_o this_o preface_n to_o the_o three_o part_n of_o his_o report_n be_v a_o writ_n of_o novel_a disseisin_n out_o of_o glanvil_n 2._o glanvil_n lib._n 13._o c._n 33._o l._n 4._o c._n 16._o n._n 2._o and_o bracton_n in_o this_o form_n rex_fw-la vicecomiti_fw-la salutem_fw-la quaestus_fw-la est_fw-la nobis_fw-la a._n quod_fw-la b._n injust_a &_o sine_fw-la judicio_fw-la disseisivit_fw-la eum_fw-la de_fw-la libero_fw-la tenemento_fw-it svo_fw-la in_fw-la e._n etc._n etc._n ideo_fw-la tibi_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la praedictus_fw-la a._n fecerit_fw-la te_fw-la securum_fw-la de_fw-fr clamoro_fw-la svo_fw-la prosequendo_fw-la tum_fw-la facias_fw-la tenementum_fw-la illud_fw-la reseisire_fw-la de_fw-la catallis_fw-la 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near_o all_o our_o law_n term_n and_o
witness_v roger_n bishop_n of_o salisbury_n william_n de_fw-fr curcey_n and_o adam_n the_o port_n at_o winchester_n in_o these_o time_n and_o for_o a_o century_n or_o two_o of_o year_n afterward_o the_o trial_n for_o land_n and_o good_n in_o the_o etc._n the_o see_v the_o old_a register_n leiger_n coucher_n and_o history_n of_o the_o great_a monastery_n ely_n bury_n ramsey_n abendon_n etc._n etc._n county_n etc._n county_n see_v the_o old_a register_n leiger_n coucher_n and_o history_n of_o the_o great_a monastery_n ely_n bury_n ramsey_n abendon_n etc._n etc._n hundred_o and_o lord_n court_n be_v very_o considerable_a and_o for_o good_a quantity_n of_o land_n and_o the_o suitor_n to_o the_o hundred_o and_o county_z court_n be_v as_o considerable_a all_o man_n especial_o of_o the_o laity_n of_o what_o quality_n soever_o within_o the_o hundred_o ought_v their_o attendance_n there_o as_o appear_v by_o this_o writ_n henricus_fw-la 50._o henricus_fw-la monast_n angl_n vol._n 3._o f._n 262._o col._n 2._o n._n 50._o rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la omnibus_fw-la baronibus_fw-la &_o vavasoribus_fw-la &_o omnibus_fw-la dominis_n qui_fw-la terras_fw-la tenent_n in_o well-wapentach_a salutem_fw-la praecipio_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la veniatis_fw-la ad_fw-la placitum_fw-la &_o wapentachium_n episcopi_fw-la lincoln_n quod_fw-la de_fw-mi i_o tenet_fw-la per_fw-la summonitionem_fw-la ministrorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la et_fw-la facietis_fw-la ei_fw-la omnes_fw-la rectitudines_fw-la &_o consuetudines_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la rebus_fw-la quas_fw-la ei_fw-la debetis_fw-la de_fw-la terris_fw-la vestris_fw-la ad_fw-la illud_fw-la wapentachiumâ—_n ita_fw-la bene_fw-la &_o plenary_a sicut_fw-la unquam_fw-la plenius_fw-la fecistis_fw-la roberto_n episcopo_fw-la vel_fw-la alicui_fw-la antecessori_fw-la svo_fw-la &_o quas_fw-la just_a facere_fw-la debetis_fw-la &_o nisi_fw-la feceritis_fw-la ipse_fw-la vos_fw-la justiciet_fw-la per_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la vestram_fw-la donec_fw-la faciatis_fw-la ne_fw-la perdam_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la meam_fw-la quam_fw-la episcopus_fw-la mihi_fw-la inde_fw-la reddere_fw-la debet_fw-la testae_fw-la episcopo_fw-la sarum_n &_o g._n canc._n apud_fw-la fereham_n henry_n king_n of_o england_n to_o all_o baron_n vavasor_n or_o knight_n and_o lord_n of_o manner_n which_o hold_v land_n in_o well-wapentach_a greeting_n i_o command_v that_o you_o all_o come_v to_o the_o hundred_o the_o the_o same_o with_o a_o hundred_o wapentach-court_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o lincoln_n which_o he_o hold_v of_o i_o at_o the_o summons_n of_o his_o bailiff_n and_o perform_v to_o he_o all_o service_n and_o custom_n in_o all_o thing_n which_o be_v due_a to_o he_o from_o your_o land_n at_o that_o court_n so_o well_o and_o full_o as_o ever_o you_o perform_v they_o to_o 1._o to_o robert_n bloet_n who_o die_v jan._n 10._o a._n d._n 1122_o alexander_n succeed_v he_o and_o be_v consecrate_v a._n d._n 1123._o jul._n 22.23_o hen._n 1._o robert_n the_o bishop_n or_o any_o antecessor_n of_o he_o and_o which_o you_o ought_v just_o to_o do_v and_o unless_o you_o perform_v they_o he_o shall_v distrein_o your_o good_n until_o you_o do_v it_o lest_o i_o lose_v my_o rent_n which_o the_o bishop_n be_v to_o pay_v i_o for_o the_o wapentach_n witness_v the_o bishop_n of_o salisbury_n and_o g._n the_o chancellor_n at_o fereham_n in_o the_o 34._o the_o append._n n._n 34._o eighteen_o year_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o he_o by_o advice_n of_o the_o major_a part_n of_o the_o bishop_n earl_n and_o baron_n expound_v the_o 35th_o chapter_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la where_o there_o have_v be_v care_n take_v about_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o county_n court_n turn_v and_o leet_n but_o not_o about_o hundred_o or_o wapentach_v court_n and_o lord_n court_n in_o which_o chapter_n there_o be_v a_o clause_n that_o all_o be_v to_o have_v their_o liberty_n they_o have_v or_o use_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n henry_n his_o grandfather_n and_o it_o have_v be_v prove_v before_o they_o that_o 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land_n by_o do_v suâ—t_z and_o service_n at_o those_o court_n ought_v suit_v to_o they_o that_o trial_n may_v be_v dispatch_v and_o judgement_n make_v which_o be_v do_v by_o the_o suitor_n unless_o in_o those_o hundred_o there_o ought_v to_o be_v inquisition_n make_v of_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n as_o of_o the_o death_n of_o a_o man_n treasure_n find_v and_o the_o like_a for_o the_o inquiry_n to_o be_v make_v after_o they_o they_o shall_v come_v with_o the_o suitor_n all_o of_o four_o of_o the_o next_o town_n that_o be_v necessary_a to_o make_v such_o inquisition_n notwithstanding_o this_o provision_n the_o attendance_n upon_o these_o court_n be_v think_v a_o great_a burden_n and_o trouble_n and_o therefore_o two_o year_n afterward_o 10._o afterward_o stat._n of_o merton_n c._n 10._o it_o be_v provide_v and_o grant_v that_o every_o freeman_n that_o ought_v suit_v to_o the_o county_n trihing_n hundred_o and_o wapentach_n or_o to_o the_o court_n of_o his_o lord_n mighty_a free_o make_v his_o attorney_n to_o do_v those_o suit_n for_o he_o so_o that_o this_o way_n the_o great_a man_n make_v a_o law_n to_o excuse_v their_o land_n and_o self_n from_o this_o service_n and_o give_v some_o small_a parcel_n of_o land_n to_o some_o ordinary_a inconsiderable_a man_n to_o do_v this_o drudgery_n for_o they_o land_n then_o be_v the_o price_n of_o all_o thing_n the_o very_a household_n servant_n have_v land_n allow_v they_o for_o their_o annual_a wage_n nor_o be_v that_o which_o be_v now_o account_v a_o wonderful_a privilege_n than_o think_v any_o other_o than_o a_o vexation_n and_o trouble_n see_v many_o knight_n and_o considerable_a man_n purchase_v of_o the_o king_n charter_n of_o exemption_n from_o be_v empanel_v in_o assize_n jury_n and_o inquest_n and_o these_o exemption_n be_v so_o frequent_a and_o so_o many_o 14._o many_o stat._n of_o marlebridge_n c._n 14._o that_o they_o hinder_v the_o course_n of_o justice_n and_o therefore_o there_o be_v a_o law_n make_v to_o force_v they_o in_o several_a case_n to_o serve_v upon_o jury_n and_o inquest_n and_o at_o length_n when_o the_o small_a baron_n or_o tenant_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o military_a man_n begin_v to_o grow_v poor_a and_o beggarly_a and_o have_v by_o law_n 32._o law_n magn._fw-la chart._n c._n 32._o leave_v to_o alienate_v what_o part_n of_o their_o estate_n they_o will_v leave_v sufficient_a to_o perform_v the_o service_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o fee_n they_o begin_v to_o think_v of_o b._n of_o history_n f._n 6â—7_n a._n b._n representative_n to_o save_v charge_n in_o go_v to_o and_o attendance_n at_o parlement_n and_o by_o several_a etc._n several_a see_v glossary_a to_o my_o introduction_n etc._n etc._n â—_o 62._o c._n etc._n etc._n undue_a practice_n and_o law_n to_o force_v the_o trouble_n and_o vexation_n as_o it_o be_v then_o esteem_v of_o serve_v and_o wait_v at_o assize_n session_n and_o county_n court_v upon_o man_n of_o mean_a estate_n and_o mean_a understanding_n part_n and_o ability_n these_o trial_n for_o land_n before_o the_o county_n and_o hundred_o be_v often_o to_o be_v see_v in_o domesday_n book_n and_o in_o the_o old_a register_n leiger_n or_o coucher_n of_o great_a monastery_n as_o of_o ely_n ramsey_n bury_n abendon_n glastonbury_n etc._n etc._n with_o the_o manner_n how_o they_o be_v recover_v the_o testimony_n of_o the_o county_n or_o hundred_o and_o by_o such_o juror_n as_o most_o frequent_o know_v the_o matter_n of_o fact_n the_o great_a matter_n of_o inquiry_n then_o be_v who_o have_v be_v possess_v and_o who_o be_v possess_v of_o the_o land_n or_o thing_n in_o contention_n for_o by_o that_o they_o most_o frequent_o judge_v of_o right_o for_o no_o estate_n then_o pass_v by_o private_a bargain_n only_o but_o there_o be_v some_o public_a circumstance_n and_o ceremony_n perform_v which_o make_v the_o pass_v of_o estate_n from_o one_o to_o another_o very_o notorious_a and_o especial_o those_o of_o investiture_n or_o as_o it_o be_v call_v when_o much_o in_o use_n livery_n or_o seisin_n or_o when_o the_o chart_n and_o deed_n of_o
f._n 390._o b.n._n 20._o he_o go_v with_o richard_n the_o first_o into_o the_o holy-land_n and_o die_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o acon_n a._n d._n 1190._o fitz-stephen_n or_o gulielmus_fw-la stephanides_n carnotensis_n stephanides_n pitsius_fw-la a_o d._n 1190._o this_o be_v write_v by_o johannes_n carnotensis_n be_v boâ—h_o one_o person_n and_o the_o very_a same_o with_o gulielmus_fw-la cantuariensis_n the_o monk_n of_o canturbury_n above_o mention_v he_o live_v in_o the_o year_n 1190_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o richard_n the_o first_o his_o book_n have_v this_o title_n vita_fw-la sancti_fw-la some_fw-mi archiepiscopi_fw-la &_o martyris_fw-la cantuariensis_n ecclesiae_fw-la and_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o cotion_n library_n under_o the_o effigy_n of_o julius_n a._n xi_o among_o other_o small_a piece_n p._n 113._o the_o life_n of_o thomas_n that_o go_v under_o the_o name_n of_o fitz-stephen_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v write_v by_o john_n carnotensis_n for_o in_o the_o quadripart_n history_n what_o be_v write_v from_o he_o be_v often_o in_o the_o same_o word_n in_o that_o life_n attribute_v to_o fitz-stephen_n and_o never_o in_o william_n of_o canturbury_n gul._n neubrig_n 330._o neubrig_n bellarmin_n de_fw-fr script_n ecclesiast_fw-la p._n 330._o be_v bear_v a._n d._n 1135._o and_o continue_v his_o history_n to_o a._n d._n 1197._o 8_o o._n ric._n 1._o gervasius_n dorobernensis_n 13._o dorobernensis_n selden_n praefat._n ad_fw-la authores_fw-la 10._o f._n 13._o a_o benedictine_n monk_n of_o canturbury_n he_o be_v live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n john_n anno_fw-la 1200_o and_o repute_v a_o very_a good_a historiographer_n have_v collect_v a_o great_a many_o historian_n from_o who_o he_o write_v british_a saxon_a and_o norman_a story_n he_o be_v make_v a_o monk_n by_o thomas_n becket_n and_o ordain_v for_o speak_v 10._o speak_v chron._n gervas_n col._n 1418._o n._n 10._o of_o the_o death_n of_o thomas_n and_o his_o own_o respect_n to_o he_o he_o say_v thus_o mihi_fw-la namque_fw-la monachatum_fw-la concessit_fw-la eo_fw-la anno_fw-la quo_fw-la ipse_fw-la fuit_fw-la in_o archiepiscopum_fw-la sacratus_fw-la &_o ei_fw-la professionem_fw-la feci_fw-la &_o ipse_fw-la i_o ad_fw-la sacros_fw-la ordines_fw-la promovit_fw-la benedictus_fw-la abbas_n be_v abbot_n xi_o abbot_n pitsius_fw-la in_o a._n 1200._o gesta_fw-la hen._n 2di_fw-la in_o bibliotheca_fw-la cotton_n jul._n a._n xi_o of_o peterburgh_n he_o write_v the_o act_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o and_o the_o life_n of_o thomas_n becket_n archbishop_n of_o canturbury_n and_o flourish_v in_o the_o year_n 1200_o he_o begin_v his_o history_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1170._o 16._o hen._n 2_o di_fw-mi gervasius_n tilb._n gervasius_n balaeus_n in_o genturia_n â—tia_fw-la de_fw-fr gervasio_n tilb._n tilburiensis_n or_o the_o suppose_a author_n of_o the_o red_a and_o black_a book_n in_o the_o exchequer_n de_fw-la necessariis_fw-la scaccarii_fw-la observandis_fw-la dedicate_v to_o henry_n the_o second_o have_v his_o name_n from_o tilbury_n a_o know_a town_n in_o essex_n seat_v upon_o or_o near_o the_o thames_n nephew_n of_o hen._n 2_o d._n and_o receive_v much_o of_o his_o knowledge_n of_o the_o chequer_n affair_n from_o the_o information_n a._n information_n vide_fw-la ipsum_fw-la lib._n ms._n in_o bibliotheca_fw-la caio-gonvil_a cantab._n f._n 41._o a._n of_o henry_n bishop_n of_o whinchester_n who_o be_v son_n to_o stephen_n earl_n of_o bloys_n by_o adela_n one_o of_o the_o conqueror_n daughter_n nephew_n to_o henry_n the_o first_o who_o give_v he_o the_o bishopric_n and_o brother_n to_o king_n stephen_n this_o ib._n this_o balaus_n ib._n gervasius_n be_v live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n john_n 1210._o he_o live_v in_o hen._n first_o his_o time_n ib._n 26._o b._n and_o have_v much_o of_o his_o knowledge_n of_o the_o chequer_n from_o roger_n bishop_n of_o salisbury_n ib._n f._n 27._o b._n and_o nigell_n bishop_n of_o ely_n fol._n 38._o a._n b._n who_o business_n he_o transact_v when_o infirm_a radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la 282._o diceto_fw-la pitsaeâ—s_n in_o that_o year_n p._n 282._o dean_n of_o st._n paul_n london_n flourish_v about_o the_o year_n 1210_o he_o be_v account_v a_o excellent_a historian_n and_o a_o very_a diligent_a collector_n in_o his_o time_n sylvester_n giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la 1210._o cambrensis_fw-la pitsius_fw-la a._n d._n 1210._o a_o welshman_n of_o the_o illustrious_a family_n of_o barry_n as_o he_o say_v of_o himself_o lib._n 1._o c._n 41._o he_o be_v first_o archdeacon_n of_o brecknok_n then_o of_o saint_n david_n and_o afterward_o archbishop_n of_o saint_n david_n he_o 168._o he_o hanmers_n chronicle_n of_o ireland_n f._n 168._o be_v many_o year_n a_o student_n beyond_o sea_n from_o whence_o hen._n 2_o d._n call_v he_o home_o make_v he_o his_o secretary_n and_o tutor_n or_o governor_n to_o his_o son_n john_n and_o send_v he_o with_o he_o into_o ireland_n see_v lib._n 2._o c._n 31._o among_o very_o many_o other_o work_v he_o write_v the_o topography_n or_o local_a description_n of_o ireland_n ib._n and_o the_o conquest_n of_o it_o by_o the_o english_a and_o write_v what_o he_o know_v and_o see_v as_o he_o testify_v of_o himself_o f._n 808._o lin_v 6._o he_o die_v at_o st._n david_n about_o the_o year_n 1210_o and_o be_v there_o bury_v he_o be_v to_o be_v find_v among_o the_o ancient_a writer_n of_o english_a norman_a irish_a and_o welsh_a matter_n put_v out_o by_o camden_n in_o one_o volume_n print_v at_o franckfort_n a._n d._n 1603_o in_o the_o proem_n of_o his_o second_o edition_n to_o st._n john_n f._n 811._o n._n 40._o he_o say_v he_o write_v when_o he_o be_v with_o he_o in_o ireland_n clear_o and_o distinct_o what_o have_v be_v do_v by_o all_o the_o great_a leader_n and_o person_n until_o they_o leave_v the_o nation_n henry_n de_fw-fr bracton_n reader_n bracton_n origin_n jurisd_v 10.56_o in_o the_o epistle_n to_o the_o reader_n a_o justice_n itinerant_n 29_o hen._n 3_o d._n a._n d._n 1245._o skill_v also_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n of_o the_o roman_n write_v this_o book_n towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o hen._n 3_o d._n of_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n according_a to_o the_o method_n of_o justinian_o institution_n he_o also_o live_v and_o be_v a_o judge_n in_o edw._n 1_o st_o his_o time_n a_o survey_n of_o all_o the_o manner_n belong_v to_o the_o bishopric_n of_o ely_n make_v in_o the_o 32_o d._n of_o king_n henry_n 3_o d._n a._n d._n 1248._o chronica_fw-la normanniae_fw-la 977._o normanniae_fw-la scriptor_n norman_n f._n 977._o contain_v many_o thing_n refer_v to_o the_o english_a and_o french_a from_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1139_o to_o the_o year_n 1259_o out_o of_o a_o old_a book_n in_o the_o library_n of_o the_o canon_n regular_a of_o st._n victor_n in_o paris_n publish_a among_o the_o old_a norman_a writer_n by_o andrew_n du_fw-fr chesn_a monte._n robert_n de_fw-fr monte._n print_a at_o paris_n 1619._o the_o matter_n and_o word_n of_o this_o chronicle_n unto_o the_o year_n 1161_o be_v take_v out_o of_o robert_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr who_o be_v abbot_n of_o the_o abbey_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr michaelis_fw-la in_o periculo_fw-la maris_fw-la of_o mount_n michael_n upon_o the_o seashore_n in_o the_o further_a part_n of_o normandy_n next_o britain_n he_o be_v esteem_v a_o learned_a man_n and_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n hen._n 2_o d._n he_o continue_v sigebertus_n gemblacensis_fw-la matthew_z paris_z 1640._o paris_z see_v the_o testimony_n of_o he_o before_o the_o edition_n at_o london_n 1640._o a_o monk_n of_o st._n alban_n be_v historiographer_n to_o hen._n 3_o d._n and_o receive_v a_o annual_a stipend_n from_o he_o he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1259_o and_o 43_o d._n of_o that_o king_n he_o be_v continue_v to_o the_o end_n of_o that_o reign_n as_o be_v suppose_v by_o william_n rishanger_n another_o monk_n of_o that_o abbey_n who_o be_v also_o the_o king_n historiographer_n and_o receive_v his_o stipend_n ibid._n ibid._n paris_z most_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o history_n transcribe_v roger_n mendover_n his_o predecessor_n historian_n also_o to_o the_o king_n and_o a_o monk_n of_o the_o same_o monastery_n he_o write_v to_o the_o year_n 1225_o and_o 20_o the_o of_o hen._n 3_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr bretton_n 2._o bretton_n pat._n 53._o h._n 3._o m._n 2._o one_o of_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o kings-bench_n in_o the_o 53_o d._n of_o hen._n 3_o d._n write_v a_o book_n in_o law_n french_a of_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n call_v breton_n at_o the_o command_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o 461.462_o first_o selden_n dissert_n in_o fletam_n p._n 461.462_o who_o have_v a_o purpose_n to_o make_v law_n certain_a and_o to_o be_v put_v in_o writing_n and_o therefore_o cause_v book_n to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o judge_n and_o other_o most_o know_v man_n in_o the_o law_n whereof_o this_o be_v one_o selden_n 459._o selden_n ib._n p._n 457.458_o 459._o affirm_v bracton_n and_o bretton_n to_o be_v the_o same_o person_n who_o name_n be_v
drepanum_n and_o that_o helena_n be_v the_o daughter_n of_o constantius_n host_n when_o he_o lodge_v there_o in_o his_o expedition_n against_o the_o persian_n and_o sarmatian_n firmicus_n affirm_v he_o be_v bear_v at_o naisus_fw-la before_o naisus_fw-la now_o nisi_fw-la or_o nissam_n in_o upper_a moesia_n which_o be_v note_v before_o a_o town_n in_o upper_a moesia_n but_o i_o leave_v these_o controversy_n to_o those_o that_o think_v it_o worth_a their_o trouble_n to_o examine_v who_o be_v in_o the_o right_a and_o return_v to_o the_o great_a constantin_n who_o govern_v the_o empire_n by_o four_o praetorian_a prefect_n 63.64_o ibid._n 63.64_o which_o he_o institute_v and_o commit_v the_o civil_a administration_n of_o britain_n to_o pacatianus_n vicar_n to_o the_o praetorian_a praefect_n of_o gallia_n 53._o cam._n brit._n 53._o and_o be_v call_v from_o thence_o by_o the_o war_n against_o maxentius_n he_o carry_v over_o the_o alps_n into_o italy_n a_o army_n of_o german_n europe_n german_n people_z that_o inhabit_a gallia_n celtica_n afterward_o lugdunensis_n which_o be_v that_o part_n of_o france_n which_o lie_v between_o the_o river_n loire_n and_o sein_fw-fr it_o also_o contain_v both_o the_o burgundy_n duchy_n and_o county_n and_o some_o part_n of_o switzerland_n etc._n etc._n they_o also_o be_v whether_o at_o first_o or_o in_o process_n of_o time_n seat_v in_o spain_n italy_n and_o most_o part_n of_o europe_n celts_n and_o britain_n consist_v of_o 90000_o foot_n and_o 8000_o horse_n by_o which_o 2.50_o zos_n lib._n 2.50_o and_o other_o recruit_n draw_v the_o guard_n from_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o empire_n in_o gallia_n germany_n and_o britain_n 315._o ibid._n 65._o camb._n brit._n 53._o constantin_n draw_v the_o garrison_n from_o the_o limit_n and_o frontier_n into_o inland_n to_n an._n dom._n 315._o and_o remove_v they_o also_o from_o the_o frontier_n into_o inland_a town_n and_o city_n which_o fill_v with_o soldier_n be_v abandon_v by_o the_o inhabitant_n he_o open_v a_o way_n for_o invasion_n and_o incursion_n into_o the_o western_a empire_n and_o the_o province_n in_o britain_n and_o by_o which_o mean_n the_o soldier_n also_o in_o their_o new_a quarter_n grow_v soft_a and_o voluptuous_a he_o lay_v the_o foundation_n of_o the_o ruin_n of_o the_o afterward_o decline_a empire_n about_o the_o 9th_o of_o his_o reign_n say_v sir_n hen._n spelman_n 39_o council_n 39_o out_o of_o sirmondus_n he_o command_v a_o council_n to_o be_v hold_v at_o arles_n in_o france_n where_o be_v present_a three_o british_a bishop_n eborius_n of_o york_n 214._o three_o british_a bishop_n at_o the_o council_n of_o arl_n â—_o anno_fw-la dom._n 330._o socrat._v lib._n 1.209_o 214._o restitutus_n of_o london_n adelfius_n of_o camelodunum_n or_o maldon_n sacerdos_n a_o priest_n and_o arminius_n a_o deacon_n who_o bring_v with_o they_o the_o canon_n of_o this_o council_n into_o britain_n that_o they_o may_v be_v observe_v there_o constantin_n likewise_o call_v the_o general_n council_n at_o nice_a in_o bythinia_n and_o write_v into_o britain_n among_o other_o country_n for_o the_o observation_n of_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v determine_v and_o decree_v there_o 315._o constantinus_n magnus_n constantius_n and_o julianus_n apostate_n an._n dom._n 315._o and_o also_o direct_v his_o epistle_n to_o the_o people_n that_o upon_o pain_n of_o death_n they_o shall_v burn_v all_o arius_n his_o book_n by_o testament_n he_o divide_v the_o empire_n after_o his_o death_n between_o his_o three_o son_n constantinus_n constantius_n 78._o spel._n council_n 43_o 45._o constantine_n write_v to_o have_v the_o council_n of_o nice_a observe_v anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 337._o he_o die_v this_o year_n upon_o whitsunday_n zosim_fw-la lib._n 2.69_o constantin_n junior_n murder_v anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 340._o ibid._n 70._o ibid._n 71._o ibid._n 78._o and_o constans_n he_o be_v inter_v at_o constantinople_n and_o his_o funeral_n pomp_n attend_v by_o constantius_n in_o the_o division_n of_o the_o empire_n by_o constantin_n the_o great_a france_n spain_n and_o britain_n be_v assign_v to_o his_o elder_a son_n constantin_n junior_n but_o by_o the_o contrivance_n of_o his_o brother_n constans_n after_o he_o have_v enjoy_v they_o three_o year_n he_o be_v murder_a who_o then_o usurp_v that_o part_n of_o the_o empire_n yet_o before_o he_o be_v well_o establish_v magnentius_n rise_v up_o against_o he_o and_o by_o his_o order_n one_o gaiso_n with_o a_o select_a company_n dispatch_v he_o at_o a_o town_n name_v helena_n by_o the_o pyrenaean_a mountain_n magnentius_n be_v seize_v of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o empire_n constantius_n come_v out_o of_o the_o east_n part_n of_o it_o which_o be_v appoint_v to_o he_o by_o his_o father_n to_o make_v war_n upon_o he_o and_o beat_v magnentius_n from_o place_n to_o place_n be_v desert_v of_o all_o and_o not_o able_a to_o support_v his_o greatness_n he_o kill_v himself_o after_o who_o death_n britain_n submit_v itself_o to_o constantius_n and_o than_o martinus_n be_v depute_v there_o under_o the_o praetorian_a praefect_n who_o disturb_v and_o offend_v at_o the_o inhuman_a cruelty_n of_o paulus_n catena_n marcellin_n camb._n britan._n 54._o out_o of_o am._n marcellin_n who_o be_v send_v a_o inquisitor_n to_o find_v out_o what_o officer_n and_o soldier_n have_v conspire_v with_o magnentius_n accuse_v the_o innocent_a as_o well_o as_o the_o guilty_a that_o he_o may_v enrich_v himself_o by_o extort_v money_n from_o they_o martinus_n commiserate_v the_o condition_n of_o such_o as_o he_o know_v innocent_a intercede_v with_o paulus_n persuade_v and_o beseech_v he_o to_o spare_v they_o or_o otherwise_o he_o will_v depart_v the_o island_n who_o fear_v he_o may_v be_v as_o good_a as_o his_o word_n accuse_v the_o vicar_n himself_o that_o he_o be_v in_o the_o conspiracy_n and_o urge_v that_o he_o may_v be_v lay_v hold_v on_o and_o carry_v bind_v to_o the_o emperor_n martinus_n much_o move_v with_o such_o reproach_n or_o perhaps_o not_o altogether_o guiltless_a draw_v his_o sword_n and_o strike_v at_o paulus_n but_o fail_v to_o kill_v he_o turn_v the_o point_n upon_o his_o own_o breast_n and_o kill_v himself_o constantius_n julianus_n apostata_fw-la son_n of_o constantine_n junior_n brother_n to_o constantius_n afterward_o julian_n the_o apostate_n be_v declare_v caesar_n by_o constantius_n and_o his_o colleague_n in_o the_o empire_n the_o government_n of_o gallia_n britain_n etc._n etc._n be_v commit_v to_o he_o who_o reside_v then_o at_o paris_n upon_o the_o news_n of_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n into_o the_o province_n and_o complaint_n of_o the_o spoil_n and_o outrage_n they_o commit_v there_o 1._o am._n marcell_n lib._n 20._o c._n 1._o he_o send_v lupicinus_n to_o repel_v they_o and_o settle_v the_o country_n not_o dare_v himself_o to_o pass_v into_o the_o isle_n lest_o the_o gaul_n and_o alemain_v in_o his_o absence_n shall_v revolt_n be_v without_o a_o governor_n lupicinus_n come_v with_o a_o army_n to_o bologne_n where_o ship_n his_o man_n with_o a_o fair_a wind_n he_o arrive_v at_o kent_n at_o rhutupiae_n the_o same_o with_o portus_n trutusensis_n in_o tacitus_n now_o richborowe_n near_o sandwich_n in_o kent_n rhutupiae_n and_o march_v to_o london_n that_o from_o thence_o he_o may_v proceed_v whither_o his_o business_n carry_v he_o 359._o the_o christian_n in_o britain_n disturb_v by_o arianism_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 359._o about_o this_o time_n the_o arian_n heresy_n creep_v into_o britain_n which_o mighty_o disturb_v the_o peace_n and_o quiet_a of_o the_o christian_n there_o in_o favour_n of_o which_o constantius_n command_v a_o council_n of_o 400_o bishop_n of_o the_o western_a church_n to_o meet_v at_o arminium_n etc._n valentinianus_n primus_fw-la and_o valens_n anno_fw-la dom._n 364._o etc._n etc._n where_o there_o be_v three_o bishop_n only_o out_o of_o britain_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o their_o poverty_n accept_v the_o emperor_n allowance_n of_o diet_n while_o they_o stay_v there_o all_o other_o refuse_v it_o constantius_n die_v of_o a_o fever_n in_o october_n valens_n three_o british_a bishop_n at_o the_o council_n of_o arminum_fw-la sulp._n sever._n hist_o sacr._n amstel_n 1656._o lib._n 2.109_o amm._n marcel_n lib._n 21._o cap._n 15._o lib._n 22._o c._n 2._o amm._n marcel_n lib._n 26._o c._n 1._o an._n dom._n 364._o valentinian_n and_o valens_n anno_fw-la dom._n 362_o and_o leave_v by_o will_n julian_n his_o successor_n jovianus_n succeed_v constantius_n and_o julian_n who_o reign_n be_v short_a and_o i_o find_v nothing_o note_v concern_v britain_n in_o his_o time_n after_o he_o valentinian_n by_o the_o unanimous_a consent_n both_o of_o military_a and_o civil_a power_n be_v choose_v emperor_n who_o declare_v his_o brother_n valens_n augustus_n and_o make_v he_o emperor_n of_o the_o east_n he_o himself_o rule_v in_o the_o west_n where_o while_o he_o be_v pass_v from_o the_o the_o amiens_n or_o the_o people_n about_o amiens_n in_o france_n seat_v upon_o the_o river_n some_o 86._o
38_o 40._o german_n law_n ll._n saxon._n c._n 1._o anglor_n and_o werin_n tit._n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5._o ll._n boioar._n tit._n 3._o addit_fw-la ll._n fris_n tit._n 3._o throughout_o trespass_n ibid._n tit._n 4_o 5_o 7._o boioar._n tit._n 9_o 10_o 11._o throughout_o ll._n inae_fw-la c._n 42._o injury_n ll._n anglor_n &_o werin_n tit._n 12._o ll._n wisigoth_n lib._n 8._o tit._n 3_o and_o 4._o salique_a tit._n 18._o alum_n tit._n 81._o ll._n longobard_fw-mi lib._n 1._o tit._n 17._o §_o 1._o in_o we_o ll._n canut_n c._n 16._o ll._n inae_fw-la c._n 9_o and_o in_o many_o other_o english_a saxon_a law_n in_o all_o these_o the_o law_n be_v the_o same_o though_o different_a in_o the_o mulct_n or_o penalty_n from_o these_o we_o proceed_v to_o a_o parallel_n between_o the_o possessionary_a law_n of_o the_o english-saxons_a and_o the_o german_n that_o be_v theft_n the_o law_n for_o enter_v upon_o and_o take_v away_o another_o man_n estate_n be_v restitution_n and_o punishment_n theoderic_n begin_v his_o reign_n an._n 495._o take_v away_o another_o man_n good_n be_v theft_n the_o law_n by_o which_o they_o hold_v what_o they_o possess_v either_o land_n or_o good_n or_o the_o law_n of_o meum_fw-la and_o tuum_fw-la if_o any_o man_n seize_v or_o take_v away_o another_o good_n or_o estate_n he_o common_o make_v restitution_n and_o suffer_v a_o mulct_n for_o breach_n of_o peace_n ll._n alured_n c._n 16._o edict_n theoder_n c._n 10._o capit._fw-la car._n lib._n 5._o c._n 204._o ll._n wisigoth_n lib._n 8._o tit._n 3_o and_o 4._o but_o seize_v taking_z or_o detain_v other_o man_n good_n be_v in_o these_o age_n repute_v a_o sort_n of_o theft_n and_o the_o law_n be_v according_o these_o mulct_n be_v pay_v in_o cattle_n and_o other_o good_n value_v at_o a_o certain_a rate_n both_o here_o and_o in_o germany_n ll._n alured_n c._n 10._o ll._n saxon._n tit._n 18._o the_o rate_n how_o the_o german_n value_v their_o good_a do_v here_o follow_v as_o express_v in_o their_o law_n solidus_fw-la est_fw-la duplex_fw-la unus_fw-la habet_fw-la dvos_fw-la tremiss_n qui_fw-la est_fw-la bos_fw-la anniculus_fw-la 12_o mensium_fw-la vel_fw-la ovis_fw-la cum_fw-la agno_fw-la alter_fw-la solidus_fw-la 3_o tremiss_n id_fw-la est_fw-la bos_fw-la 16_o mensium_fw-la grain_n the_o rate_n of_o the_o german-cattel_n and_o grain_n majori_fw-la solido_fw-la aliae_fw-la compositiones_fw-la minori_fw-la homicidia_fw-la componuntur_fw-la westfalaiorum_fw-la &_o angrariorum_n &_o ostfalaiorum_fw-la solidus_fw-la est_fw-la secalis_fw-la bushel_n secalis_fw-la lindenbrogius_fw-la interpret_v this_o word_n no_o otherwise_o then_o that_o he_o say_v it_o be_v a_o usual_a measure_n among_o the_o german_n and_o certain_o be_v no_o more_o if_o so_o much_o as_o our_o bushel_n sceffila_n 30_o ordei_fw-la 40_o avenae_fw-la 60_o quadrinius_fw-la bos_fw-la 2_o solid_a 2_o boves_fw-la quibus_fw-la arari_fw-la potest_fw-la 5_o solid_a bos_n bone_fw-la 3_o solid_n vacca_n cum_fw-la vitali_fw-la solid_a duo_fw-la semis_fw-la that_o be_v there_o be_v a_o twofold_a shilling_n one_o of_o two_o tremiss_n or_o three_o that_o be_v eight_o penny_n which_o be_v a_o yearling_n steer_v of_o 12_o month_n the_o other_o shilling_n of_o three_o tremiss_n or_o three_o three_o which_o be_v twelve_o penny_n that_o be_v 8._o solid_n 12._o dena_fw-la capit_fw-la lib._n 8._o a_o steer_v 16_o month_n old_a other_o mulct_n or_o composition_n be_v pay_v by_o the_o great_a shilling_n those_o for_o homicide_n or_o mankilling_n by_o the_o less_o the_o shilling_n of_o the_o westfalian_o angrarians_n and_o ostfalians_n be_v bushel_n be_v lindenbrogius_fw-la interpret_v this_o word_n no_o otherwise_o then_o that_o he_o say_v it_o be_v a_o usual_a measure_n among_o the_o german_n and_o certain_o be_v no_o more_o if_o so_o much_o as_o our_o bushel_n 30_o scheffil_n of_o rye_n 40_o of_o barley_n and_o 60_o of_o oat_n a_o steer_v 4_o year_n old_a 2_o shilling_n 2_o plough-steer_n 5_o shilling_n a_o good_a ox_n 3_o shilling_n a_o cow_n with_o her_o calf_n 2_o shilling_n and_o half_a and_o more_o clear_o in_o the_o ripuarian_a law_n tit._n 26._o §_o 11._o si_fw-mi quis_fw-la weregildum_n solvere_fw-la debet_fw-la bovem_fw-la cornutum_fw-la videntem_fw-la &_o sanum_fw-la pro_fw-la duobus_fw-la solid_a tribuat_fw-la vaccam_fw-la cornutam_fw-la videntem_fw-la &_o sanam_fw-la pro_fw-la uno_fw-la solido_fw-la tribuat_fw-la arm_n the_o rate_n of_o horse_n of_o arm_n equum_fw-la videntem_fw-la &_o sanum_fw-la pro_fw-la 6_o solid_a tribuat_fw-la equam_fw-la videntem_fw-la &_o sanam_fw-la pro_fw-la tribus_fw-la solid_a tribuat_fw-la spatham_n cum_fw-la scogilo_fw-la pro_fw-la 7_o solid_a tribuat_fw-la spatham_n absque_fw-la scogilo_fw-la pro_fw-la tribus_fw-la solid_a tribuat_fw-la bruniam_fw-la bonam_fw-la pro_fw-la 12_o solid_n tribuat_fw-la helmum_fw-la cum_fw-la directo_fw-la pro_fw-la 6_o solid_a tribuat_fw-la banibergas_fw-la bonas_fw-la pro_fw-la 6_o solid_n tribuat_fw-la scutum_fw-la cum_fw-la lanceâ_fw-la pro_fw-la duobus_fw-la solid_a tribuat_fw-la hawk_n of_o hawk_n acceptorem_fw-la non_fw-la domitum_fw-la pro_fw-la 3_o solid_a tribuat_fw-la commorsum_fw-la gruarium_fw-la pro_fw-la 6_o solid_a tribuat_fw-la acceptorem_fw-la mutatum_fw-la pro_fw-la 12_o s._n tribuat_fw-la that_o be_v he_o who_o ought_v to_o pay_v his_o weregild_n may_v give_v a_o horn_a sound_n and_o see_v steer_v for_o 2_o s._n a_o horn_a sound_n and_o see_a cow_n for_o 1_o s._n a_o see_v and_o sound_a horse_n for_o 6_o s._n a_o mare_n of_o like_a condition_n for_o 3_o s._n a_o sword_n with_o a_o hilt_n or_o handle_v for_o 7_o s._n a_o sword_n without_o a_o handle_n for_o 3_o s._n a_o good_a coat_n of_o mail_n for_o 12_o s._n a_o helmet_n without_o a_o beauvoir_n or_o belvoir_n for_o 6_o s._n armour_n for_o the_o thigh_n for_o 6_o s._n a_o shield_n or_o buckler_n with_o a_o lance_n for_o 2_o s._n a_o untrained_a hawk_n for_o 3_o s._n a_o crane-hawk_n for_o 6_o s._n a_o mewed-hawk_n he_o may_v give_v for_o 12_o s._n etc._n a_o insolvent_a freeman_n enter_v into_o servitude_n a_o insolvent_a servant_n or_o slave_n be_v whip_v etc._n etc._n if_o a_o freeman_n have_v not_o wherewithal_o to_o satisfy_v he_o enter_v into_o servitude_n while_o he_o have_v give_v satisfaction_n ll._n longobard_v lib._n 1._o tit._n 14._o c._n 10.13_o capit._fw-la 3_o tit._n 67._o ll._n alured_n cap._n 10._o ibid._n tit._n 25._o c._n 60._o faed_n ed._n guth_n c._n 7._o if_o a_o servant_n or_o slave_n and_o can_v not_o pay_v or_o his_o patron_n will_v not_o pay_v for_o he_o he_o be_v whip_v cudgel_v or_o beat_v with_o so_o many_o lash_n blow_n and_o stripe_n as_o the_o law_n direct_v ll._n inae_fw-la c._n 49._o faedus_fw-la ed._n and_o guthrini_n c._n 7_o 8._o ll._n ethelstani_fw-la c._n 19_o and_o in_o the_o german_a law_n in_o place_n sans_o number_n peace_n every_o where_n the_o punishment_n and_o rate_n for_o all_o fault_n be_v set_v down_o in_o a_o book_n keep_v by_o the_o magistrate_n the_o german_n have_v a_o doom-book_n wherein_o be_v note_v the_o composition_n every_o man_n be_v to_o make_v to_o the_o person_n injure_v and_o to_o the_o emperor_n for_o breach_n of_o peace_n these_o mulct_n for_o all_o these_o offence_n be_v set_v down_o in_o a_o book_n which_o be_v the_o rule_n or_o standard_n of_o the_o judge_n sentence_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ll._n edovar_n in_o praefat_fw-la and_o as_o it_o stand_v in_o their_o dome_n or_o judgment-book_n again_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d let_v they_o compound_v or_o give_v satisfaction_n as_o the_o judicial_a or_o doom-book_n say_v ib._n c._n 8._o so_o in_o the_o german-law_n comes_fw-la secum_fw-la habeat_fw-la librum_fw-la legis_fw-la ut_fw-la semper_fw-la rectum_fw-la judicium_fw-la judicet_fw-la de_fw-la omni_fw-la causâ_fw-la quae_fw-la componenda_fw-la sunt_fw-la qui_fw-la contra_fw-la legem_fw-la fecit_fw-la componat_fw-la sicut_fw-la lex_fw-la habet_fw-la &_o donet_fw-la comiti_fw-la illi_fw-la wadium_n de_fw-la fredo_fw-la sicut_fw-la lex_fw-la est_fw-la ll._n boioar._n tit._n 15._o §_o 2_o 3._o that_o be_v the_o earl_n count_z or_o governor_n of_o the_o county_n comitatus_fw-la in_fw-la the_o former_a paragraph_n shall_v have_v the_o law-book_n with_o he_o that_o he_o may_v always_o judge_v right_a judgement_n that_o in_o every_o case_n he_o that_o do_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n may_v compound_v for_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v to_o be_v compound_v for_o according_a to_o the_o law_n as_o the_o law_n have_v it_o or_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o law-book_n and_o let_v he_o give_v to_o the_o earl_n security_n or_o pledge_v for_o the_o peace_n as_o the_o law_n be_v and_o as_o there_o be_v the_o same_o design_n and_o contrivance_n in_o their_o law_n and_o punishment_n so_o be_v there_o the_o same_o way_n of_o purgation_n or_o clear_v themselves_o from_o suppose_a false_a accusation_n or_o such_o where_o the_o proof_n be_v not_o evident_a or_o noâ—_n think_v sufficient_a or_o in_o dubious_a case_n and_o title_n by_o by_o be_v somn._fw-la glossar_n in_o verbo_fw-la ordeal_o what._n and_o what_o the_o trial_n be_v ordeal_o from_o
enter_v the_o king_n town_n they_o kill_v his_o chief_a officer_n thereof_o in_o the_o time_n of_o brithric_a king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 791._o but_o the_o country_n come_v in_o force_v they_o to_o their_o ship_n again_o it_o may_v be_v probable_a according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o that_o they_o be_v only_a pirate_n with_o a_o general_a commission_n and_o that_o they_o land_v here_o by_o accident_n or_o be_v by_o weather_n force_v upon_o this_o shore_n this_o church_n story_n be_v lame_a and_o incoherent_a yet_o it_o be_v all_o i_o can_v find_v worth_a notice_n among_o the_o many_o volume_n of_o the_o ancient_a monk_n they_o be_v nothing_o almost_o but_o vast_a heap_n of_o legend_n tale_n and_o vulgar_a report_n which_o pass_v for_o current_n in_o those_o ignorant_a and_o credulous_a time_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o more_o methodical_a or_o authentic_a story_n to_o be_v expect_v for_o some_o and_o those_o not_o a_o few_o year_n yet_o to_o come_v yet_o out_o of_o these_o cloud_n of_o darkness_n out_o of_o these_o voluminous_a idle_a vain_a inconsistent_a discourse_n a_o man_n may_v pick_v out_o matter_n sufficient_a for_o strange_a admiration_n when_o he_o shall_v observe_v the_o frequent_a fast_n time_n the_o devotion_n and_o piety_n of_o elder_a time_n the_o fervent_a prayer_n the_o large_a and_o i_o have_v almost_o say_v profuse_a alm_n of_o those_o time_n what_o stately_a and_o magnificent_a fabric_n church_n palace_n and_o monastery_n be_v build_v and_o found_v in_o those_o day_n what_o plain_a and_o unlearned_a zeal_n what_o obedient_a quiet_a and_o hearty_a devotion_n then_o possess_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o people_n when_o in_o 220_o year_n time_n monasticon_fw-la marsham_n preface_n to_o the_o first_o volume_n of_o monasticon_fw-la thirty_o english_a saxon_n king_n and_o queen_n leave_v the_o world_n and_o enter_v into_o a_o religious_a solitude_n etc._n egbâ—rt_n monarch_n a._n d._n 854._o etc._n etc._n the_o secular_a story_n of_o the_o saxon_n almost_o ever_o since_o their_o first_o entrance_n i_o have_v hitherto_o omit_v consist_v chief_o of_o war_n by_o which_o we_o may_v know_v and_o understand_v their_o barbarity_n violence_n and_o rapine_n but_o for_o what_o cause_n they_o be_v undertake_v by_o what_o counsel_n direct_v and_o manage_v or_o what_o reason_n or_o justice_n there_o be_v for_o they_o we_o can_v once_o guess_v the_o relation_n of_o they_o be_v so_o narrow_a and_o frivolous_a nor_o be_v the_o battle_n themselves_o describe_v more_o artificial_o than_o the_o combat_n of_o bear_n and_o wolf_n or_o the_o skirmish_n of_o kite_n and_o crow_n in_o the_o air._n there_o be_v frequent_a attempt_n upon_o one_o another_o dominion_n among_o their_o petty_a king_n and_o as_o frequent_a rebellion_n of_o the_o great_a man_n against_o they_o and_o ofttimes_o in_o some_o or_o most_o of_o these_o nation_n he_o who_o riches_n popularity_n or_o faction_n advance_v take_v on_o he_o the_o title_n and_o state_n of_o a_o king_n â—54_n egbert_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a saxon_n ann._n a._n d._n â—54_n egbert_n the_o famous_a king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a make_v himself_o monarch_n of_o the_o saxon_a heptarchy_n and_o as_o some_o affirm_v of_o great_a britain_n his_o title_n to_o the_o westsaxons_a kingdom_n he_o derive_v just_o from_o ina._n thus_o he_o be_v the_o son_n of_o ealmund_n he_o the_o son_n of_o eafa_o he_o the_o son_n of_o eoppa_n he_o the_o son_n of_o ingild_n and_o he_o the_o brother_n of_o ina_n who_o direct_a line_n be_v extinct_a when_o egbert_n assume_v the_o diadem_n and_o be_v call_v out_o of_o france_n by_o the_o westsaxons_a be_v there_o a_o exile_n to_o undertake_v the_o government_n britain_n he_o conquer_v the_o cornish_a and_o welsh_a britain_n his_o first_o achievement_n be_v against_o the_o britain_n in_o cornwall_n and_o the_o they_o the_o so_o call_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o cornish_a britain_n from_o who_o they_o be_v situate_v due_a north_n a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n severn_n only_o part_v they_o north-britains_n in_o wales_n who_o he_o subdue_v and_o make_v tributary_n by_o the_o fame_n of_o these_o victory_n he_o become_v a_o terror_n to_o the_o other_o petty_a king_n only_a bernulph_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n swell_v at_o his_o success_n think_v it_o will_v be_v a_o glorious_a and_o bold_a attempt_n in_o he_o to_o rescue_v other_o from_o fear_n and_o to_o make_v war_n upon_o egbert_n who_o cheerful_o give_v he_o battle_n wherein_o bernulph_n and_o his_o force_n be_v total_o rout_v a._n bernulph_n rout_v and_o mercia_n conquer_v by_o egbert_n a._n d._n 806._o malmesb._n de_fw-fr gest_n reg_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 2._o a._n d._n 824._o ibidem_fw-la the_o south_n and_o east-saxons_a conquer_v by_o egbert_n and_o the_o east-angle_n ingulph_n hist_o fol._n 487._o a._n the_o west-saxon_a king_n urge_v forward_o with_o this_o victory_n send_v his_o son_n ethelwolf_n with_o alstan_n bishop_n of_o sherborn_n to_o take_v in_o kent_n which_o they_o present_o add_v to_o the_o west-saxon_a dominion_n and_o proceed_v drive_v baldr_v the_o king_n thereof_o over_o the_o thames_n and_o some_o year_n after_o he_o subdue_v the_o south_n and_o east-saxons_a soon_o after_o the_o east-angle_n encourage_v by_o egbert_n slay_v bernulph_n and_o ludecan_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n and_o their_o successor_n withlaf_n at_o first_o expel_v his_o kingdom_n by_o egbert_n afterward_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o siward_n abbot_n of_o crowland_n with_o who_o he_o private_o remain_v in_o that_o monastery_n be_v restore_v upon_o condition_n of_o subjection_n and_o payment_n of_o a_o yearly_a tribute_n egbert_n malmesb._n ubi_fw-la supra_fw-la the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n yield_v to_o egbert_n in_o the_o same_o year_n the_o northumbrian_n break_v with_o faction_n and_o weary_v by_o the_o usurpation_n and_o pretence_n of_o several_a ambitious_a prince_n give_v hostage_n and_o submit_v themselves_o to_o egbert_n and_o now_o though_o he_o enjoy_v britain_n 832._o egbert_n monarch_n a._n d._n 832._o yet_o he_o enjoy_v not_o the_o full_a satisfaction_n and_o pleasure_n of_o his_o conquest_n for_o the_o dane_n land_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o shepey_n waste_v it_o and_o the_o next_o year_n come_v again_o in_o thirty_o five_o ship_n they_o land_v at_o the_o river_n car_fw-fr in_o dorsetshire_n 836._o dane_n land_n in_o shepey_n at_o the_o river_n car_fw-fr in_o dorsetshire_n an._n dom._n 833._o two_o bishop_n slay_v they_o land_n again_o a._n d._n 835._o a._n d._n 836._o where_o egbert_n fight_v they_o with_o a_o great_a slaughter_n on_o both_o side_n yet_o so_o as_o the_o dane_n make_v good_a their_o ground_n and_o encamp_v herefrid_n and_o wigferth_n two_o bishop_n be_v here_o slay_v as_o also_o dudda_n and_o osmund_n two_o saxon_a commander_n two_o year_n follow_v a_o great_a fleet_n of_o the_o dane_n arrive_v again_o and_o join_v with_o the_o cornish_a britain_n against_o egbert_n who_o overthrow_v and_o put_v they_o to_o slight_v and_o the_o next_o year_n die_v after_o his_o acquest_n of_o the_o whole_a heptarchy_n by_o edict_n he_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v call_v england_n which_o in_o latin_a be_v call_v anglia_fw-it from_o the_o angles_n the_o most_o numerous_a and_o valiant_a of_o the_o three_o nation_n which_o come_v hither_o with_o hengist_n they_o possess_v the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n mercia_n and_o east-anglia_a the_o jute_n only_a kent_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n and_o the_o saxon_n east-saxony_n south-saxony_n and_o west-saxony_n yet_o long_o before_o this_o time_n it_o may_v be_v and_o be_v call_v england_n though_o not_o by_o a_o public_a edict_n for_o bede_n inscribe_v his_o book_n the_o ecclesiastic_a history_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n 4.5_o bede_n l._n 2._o c._n 4.5_o and_o pope_n boniface_n write_v to_o ethelbert_n king_n of_o the_o english_a and_o gregory_n send_v augustin_n to_o preach_v to_o the_o english_a nation_n also_o ercombert_n king_n of_o kent_n 1._o ibid._n l._n 4._o c._n 1._o and_o oswy_a king_n of_o northumberland_n or_o of_o the_o english_a as_o most_o potent_a send_v wighard_n to_o rome_n to_o be_v ordain_v bishop_n of_o the_o english_a nor_o be_v he_o perfect_o absolute_a notwithstanding_o he_o become_v monarch_n of_o england_n for_o some_o if_o not_o all_o the_o petty_a king_n though_o tributary_n hold_v their_o title_n for_o many_o year_n and_o some_o succession_n of_o monarch_n after_o he_o as_o witlaf_fw-mi king_n of_o mercia_n under_o egbert_n a._n ingulph_n be_v history_n fol._n 487._o a._n ibid._n fol._n 488._o b._n ibid._n fol._n 491._o a._n and_o bertulph_n under_o ethelwolph_n his_o son_n beorred_a king_n of_o mercia_n and_o edmund_n king_n of_o east-angle_n under_o the_o same_o and_o so_o they_o continue_v at_o least_o until_o edward_n the_o elder_a ethelwolph_n elder_a son_n of_o egbert_n ethelwolph_n ethelwolph_n by_o some_o of_o the_o more_o modern_a author_n say_v
nullus_fw-la celebret_fw-la nuptias_fw-la temporibus_fw-la ab_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la interdictis_fw-la scilicet_fw-la à _fw-la prima_fw-la dominica_n de_fw-la adventu_fw-la usque_fw-la post_fw-la epiphaniam_fw-la &_o à _fw-fr dominica_n de_fw-fr septuagesima_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la octavam_fw-la paschae_fw-la &_o à _fw-la tribus_fw-la diebus_fw-la ante_fw-la ascentionem_fw-la usque_fw-la octavam_fw-la pentecostes_fw-la three_o of_o our_o present_a vacation_n be_v much_o like_o these_o as_o to_o time_n viz._n the_o vacation_n after_o michaelmas_n term_n the_o vacation_n after_o hillary_n term_n and_o the_o vacation_n after_o easter_n term_n which_o be_v establish_v by_o canon_n though_o not_o every_o where_n and_o in_o all_o place_n according_a to_o the_o same_o exact_a time_n but_o be_v in_o some_o country_n long_o in_o some_o short_a though_o without_o any_o great_a variation_n the_o four_o long_a or_o autumnal_a vacation_n be_v make_v by_o necessity_n the_o harvest_n and_o vintage_n where_o there_o be_v one_o and_o other_o autumnal_a work_n be_v a_o sufficient_a cause_n for_o the_o cessation_n of_o law-business_n and_o leave_v man_n free_a to_o follow_v their_o own_o affair_n debet_fw-la judicialis_fw-la strepitus_fw-la diebus_fw-la conquiescere_fw-la feriatis_fw-la qui_fw-la ob_fw-la reverentiam_fw-la dei_fw-la noscuntur_fw-la esse_fw-la statuti_fw-la licet_fw-la diebus_fw-la feriatis_fw-la gratia_n vindemiarum_fw-la vel_fw-la messium_fw-la ob_fw-la necessitate_v hominum_fw-la indulgentur_fw-la procedi_fw-la valeant_fw-la si_fw-mi de_fw-fr partium_fw-la processerit_fw-la voluntate_fw-la and_o the_o gather_n in_o of_o harvest_n and_o other_o autumnal_a business_n be_v the_o chief_a motive_n for_o 21._o for_o stat._n 32._o hen._n 8._o c._n 21._o abbreviate_a our_o trinity_n and_o michaelmas_n term_n the_o first_o of_o they_o in_o the_o end_n and_o the_o alike_o the_o stat._n 17._o car._n 1._o c._n 6._o practise_v of_o the_o law_n in_o normandy_n and_o england_n alike_o latter_a in_o the_o beginning_n we_o will_v add_v here_o that_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o law_n in_o bring_v all_o sort_n of_o writ_n of_o assize_n and_o in_o proceed_n and_o trial_n thereupon_o be_v very_o near_o if_o not_o altogether_o the_o same_o both_o here_o and_o in_o normandy_n save_o that_o the_o practice_n here_o be_v very_o much_o enlarge_v and_o lengthen_v in_o about_o two_o century_n of_o year_n though_o the_o original_a manner_n of_o it_o be_v not_o much_o alter_v this_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o second_o and_o three_o book_n of_o glanvil_n from_o the_o whole_a four_o book_n of_o bracton_n but_o more_o especial_o the_o 16_o the_o 17_o the_o 18_o the_o and_o 19_o the_o chapter_n of_o it_o and_o from_o the_o whole_a four_o book_n of_o fleta_n who_o in_o most_o thing_n exact_o follow_v bracton_n but_o more_o particular_o in_o his_o 5_o 6_o 7_o 8_o and_o 9_o chapter_n of_o that_o book_n and_o if_o what_o justice_n fitz-herbert_n in_o the_o preface_n to_o his_o natura_fw-la brevium_fw-la say_v and_o sir_n edward_n coke_n in_o the_o preface_n to_o his_o eight_o part_n of_o his_o report_n and_o upon_o littleton_n sect._n 101._o fol._n 73._o b._n be_v allow_v as_o i_o think_v it_o be_v general_o that_o original_a writ_n be_v the_o foundation_n upon_o which_o the_o law_n depend_v and_o true_o call_v the_o principle_n of_o the_o law_n then_o certain_o the_o foundation_n and_o principle_n of_o we_o and_o the_o norman_a law_n be_v very_o little_a if_o any_o thing_n at_o all_o different_a this_o be_v what_o may_v be_v affirm_v from_o great_a reason_n than_o usual_o either_o historian_n or_o lawyer_n upon_o these_o topic_n bring_v for_o assure_v any_o thing_n they_o assert_v but_o sir_n edward_n coke_n in_o his_o preface_n to_o the_o three_o part_n of_o his_o report_n observe_v and_o assert_n from_o william_n de_fw-fr rovil_n a_o commentator_n upon_o this_o treatise_n which_o he_o expound_v most_o by_o the_o feudal_n and_o imperial_a law_n in_o his_o preface_n to_o it_o where_o he_o say_v from_o the_o history_n call_v chronica_fw-la chronicorum_fw-la confessor_n the_o custom_n of_o normandy_n not_o from_o edward_n the_o confessor_n that_o our_o edward_n the_o confessor_n be_v the_o maker_n or_o giver_n of_o these_o custom_n to_o normandy_n but_o let_v we_o observe_v the_o authority_n of_o this_o historian_n for_o immediate_o after_o rovill_n deliver_v from_o he_o for_o as_o great_a a_o truth_n and_o to_o be_v believe_v upon_o the_o same_o term_n that_o the_o conqueror_n be_v not_o only_o testamentary_a heir_n by_o donation_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n but_o also_o next_o heir_n by_o blood_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n by_o his_o wife_n maud_n the_o daughter_n of_o baldwin_n earl_n of_o flanders_n and_o niece_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n which_o be_v never_o hear_v from_o any_o other_o author_n and_o therefore_o he_o may_v well_o be_v think_v singular_a in_o one_o as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o nay_o idle_a and_o not_o to_o be_v believe_v and_o therefore_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o ireland_n pass_v by_o this_o story_n as_o a_o surmise_n only_o in_o their_o argument_n upon_o the_o case_n of_o tenor_n fol._n 36._o but_o though_o sir_n edward_n lay_v a_o great_a stress_n upon_o this_o author_n there_o yet_o he_o himself_o be_v of_o another_o opinion_n in_o another_o coke_n another_o reading_n de_fw-fr finibus_fw-la p._n 3._o and_o preface_n to_o his_o three_o book_n of_o report_n a_o fond_a assertion_n of_o sir_n edward_n coke_n place_n viz._n that_o the_o conqueror_n find_v the_o custom_n and_o law_n contain_v in_o the_o grand_a customer_n here_o and_o that_o from_o hence_o he_o carry_v they_o into_o normandy_n for_o say_v he_o there_o if_o the_o norman_n have_v any_o law_n that_o do_v resemble_v the_o law_n of_o england_n out_o of_o doubt_n when_o the_o conqueror_n have_v subdue_v this_o kingdom_n perceive_v the_o equity_n and_o excellency_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n never_o attempt_v normandy_n attempt_v see_v what_o i_o have_v say_v before_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v by_o the_o conqueror_n carry_v into_o normandy_n to_o alter_v or_o change_v the_o same_o but_o to_o the_o end_n his_o country_n man_n the_o norman_n may_v know_v the_o law_n of_o england_n under_o which_o from_o thenceforth_o he_o resolve_v they_o shall_v live_v and_o therefore_o for_o their_o benefit_n and_o safety_n he_o cause_v some_o of_o the_o law_n and_o ordinance_n of_o england_n to_o be_v write_v in_o the_o normand_n tongue_n and_o afterward_o see_v and_o well_o perceive_v the_o happy_a success_n where_o such_o law_n be_v observe_v abolish_v his_o old_a law_n out_o of_o normandy_n and_o establish_a part_n of_o our_o english_a law_n there_o and_o it_o can_v be_v true_o say_v that_o the_o ibidem_fw-la the_o ibidem_fw-la english_a law_n be_v in_o the_o norman_a tongue_n for_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v leges_fw-la non_fw-la scriptae_fw-la but_o divine_o cast_v into_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n and_o build_v upon_o the_o immovable_a rock_n of_o reason_n groundless_a this_o assertion_n be_v groundless_a this_o assertion_n be_v so_o groundless_a and_o precarious_a it_o deserve_v no_o confutation_n it_o have_v no_o authority_n or_o testimony_n nor_o other_o reason_n than_o his_o own_o fancy_n to_o support_v it_o for_o it_o will_v have_v be_v a_o great_a difficulty_n than_o the_o conquest_n of_o england_n to_o have_v impose_v the_o english_a law_n upon_o so_o stubborn_a a_o people_n as_o the_o norman_n be_v especial_o at_o that_o time_n when_o the_o conqueror_n have_v much_o to_o do_v to_o keep_v they_o in_o subjection_n nay_o tradition_n and_o the_o mutable_a and_o various_a construction_n of_o they_o in_o stead_n of_o a_o law_n if_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n as_o it_o be_v general_o affirm_v by_o the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o long_a robe_n be_v lex_n non_fw-la scripta_fw-la tradition_n the_o english_a law_n lex_fw-la non_fw-la scripta_fw-la more_o excellent_a than_o act_n of_o parliament_n &c_n &c_n and_o learn_v by_o tradition_n especial_o by_o sir_n john_n davis_n in_o his_o preface_n to_o his_o irish_a report_n where_o he_o contend_v and_o often_o aver_v that_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n be_v jus_fw-la non_fw-la scriptum_fw-la and_o more_o excellent_a than_o our_o write_a law_n namely_o statute_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n also_o that_o it_o be_v a_o peculiar_a invention_n of_o this_o nation_n and_o deliver_v over_o from_o age_n to_o age_n by_o tradition_n nay_o that_o it_o be_v a_o tradition_n and_o learned_a by_o tradition_n as_o well_o as_o by_o book_n which_o make_v i_o wonder_v how_o the_o norman_n learn_v it_o so_o quick_o as_o to_o be_v judge_n of_o it_o and_o judge_v cause_n by_o it_o immediate_o upon_o the_o conquest_n when_o it_o be_v probable_a they_o understand_v not_o the_o english_a tongue_n it_o may_v be_v it_o be_v divine_o cast_v into_o their_o heart_n and_o they_o understand_v it_o by_o revelation_n but_o to_o return_v a_o little_a to_o the_o whimsy_n of_o rovill_n in_o his_o preface_n to_o the_o
word_n of_o art_n in_o that_o profession_n after_o sir_n edward_n coke_n as_o he_o think_v have_v thus_o establish_v his_o opinion_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o our_o law_n by_o record_n he_o renew_v his_o discourse_n upon_o this_o subject_a in_o his_o preface_n to_o his_o six_o eighth_z and_o nine_o part_n of_o his_o report_n but_o chief_o in_o the_o two_o last_o and_o prosecute_v his_o argument_n upon_o his_o second_o topick_n from_o history_n which_o shall_v be_v consider_v in_o the_o answer_n to_o a_o book_n entitle_v argumentum_fw-la antinormanicum_n where_o they_o be_v all_o repeat_v and_o therefore_o on_o purpose_n pass_v over_o in_o this_o place_n william_n the_o first_o common_o call_v the_o conqueror_n b.c._n conqueror_n dudo_fw-la de_fw-la moribus_fw-la &_o act_n normannor_n fol._n 63._o b.c._n the_o dane_n and_o norwegian_n under_o hastings_n or_o anstings_n their_o former_a leader_n have_v harass_v and_o waste_v a_o great_a part_n of_o france_n with_o fire_n and_o sword_n c._n sword_n ibid._n 66._o b._n c._n the_o french_a and_o their_o king_n especial_o weary_v with_o his_o ravages_n and_o cruelty_n make_v peace_n with_o he_o pay_v he_o tribute_n and_o allow_v some_o part_n of_o their_o country_n for_o a_o habitation_n to_o he_o and_o his_o follower_n 876._o follower_n ibid._n 75._o d._n an._n dom._n 876._o do_v now_o again_o under_o the_o conduct_n of_o rollo_n at_o the_o c._n the_o ib._n 76._o c._n instigation_n of_o hastings_n come_v with_o their_o fleet_n out_o of_o the_o river_n seat_v river_n scaldis_n or_o the_o scheld_v a_o river_n run_v through_o brabant_n and_o flanders_n and_o pass_v by_o the_o border_n of_o haynault_n upon_o which_o antwerp_n ghent_n oudenard_n and_o toâ—â—naye_v be_v seat_v scheld_v into_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n seat_v river_n sequana_n or_o the_o river_n seyn_fw-mi run_v through_o the_o isle_n of_o france_n and_o fall_v into_o the_o british_a sea_n upon_o which_o paru_n and_o rhoan_n be_v seat_v seyn_fw-mi to_o who_o franco_n archbishop_n of_o rouen_n with_o his_o whole_a country_n send_v for_o protection_n and_o submit_v by_o this_o mean_n have_v here_o a_o place_n of_o settlement_n he_o invade_v the_o other_o part_n of_o france_n and_z attempts_z b._n attempts_z ib._n 79._o b._n paris_z protection_n rollo_n come_v into_o the_o river_n seyn_fw-mi archbishop_n franco_n beg_v his_o protection_n and_o assist_v with_o ibidem_fw-la with_o ibidem_fw-la english_a and_o other_o people_n that_o resort_v to_o he_o often_o defeat_v the_o french_a and_o become_v so_o formidable_a that_o charles_n the_o simple_a at_o the_o a._n the_o ibid._n 81._o d._n 82._o a._n instance_n of_o his_o people_n and_o normandy_n and_o ib_n 83._o c_o d._n 79._o b._n the_o king_n of_o france_n give_v rollo_n normandy_n advice_n of_o franco_n aforesaid_a make_v a_o composition_n with_o they_o and_o give_v to_o rollo_n all_o the_o land_n from_o the_o river_n guion_n river_n epta_fw-la or_o iâ—ta_fw-la a_o small_a river_n upon_o which_o guysor_n gurnay_n and_o bray_n be_v seat_v which_o fall_v into_o the_o seyn_n between_o varnon_n and_o la_fw-fr roche_n guion_n epta_fw-la to_o the_o sea_n then_o call_v neustria_n now_o normandy_n from_o these_o northern_a man_n which_o because_o it_o be_v then_o almost_o waste_v uncultivated_a and_o unpeopled_a and_o the_o corn_n and_o cattle_n destroy_v he_o give_v he_o also_o britain_n for_o their_o present_a support_n that_o from_o thence_o they_o may_v take_v all_o necessary_n to_o sustain_v they_o and_o likewise_o his_o daughter_n gisla_n to_o wife_n 912._o wife_n ib._n 79._o b._n he_o be_v baptise_a an._n dom._n 912._o upon_o condition_n he_o will_v turn_v christian_n which_o he_o do_v according_o and_o be_v army_n be_v ib._n 84._o c._n and_o his_o whole_a army_n baptise_a by_o franco_n and_o name_v robert_n by_o his_o godfather_n robert_n duke_n of_o france_n the_o king_n brother_n and_o afterward_o cause_v all_o his_o great_a commander_n soldier_n and_o whole_a army_n to_o be_v instruct_v in_o the_o christian_a faith_n and_o baptise_a bastard_n baptise_a ibid._n 85._o a.b._n he_o share_v his_o land_n give_v some_o part_n first_o to_o the_o church_n will._n robert_n bastard_n before_o he_o measure_v out_o his_o land_n which_o be_v do_v with_o a_o rope_n or_o string_n and_o give_v share_n of_o it_o to_o his_o chief_a companion_n and_o other_o of_o his_o faithful_a people_n he_o give_v some_o part_n of_o it_o to_o the_o chief_a church_n in_o normandy_n which_o he_o repair_v and_o new_o build_v as_o also_o the_o wall_n of_o his_o city_n and_o fortress_n from_o this_o rollo_n in_o a_o direct_a line_n robert_n be_v the_o six_o duke_n of_o normandy_n to_o who_o 3._o who_o gemetic_n lib._n 8._o c._n 3._o william_n be_v natural_a and_o only_a son_n by_o herleva_n or_o herlotta_n his_o concubine_n daughter_n of_o fulbers_n his_o chamberlain_n or_o groom_n of_o his_o chamber_n robert_n out_o of_o 459._o of_o orderic_n vital_a fol._n 459._o devotion_n against_o the_o mind_n of_o his_o people_n jerusalem_n robert_n go_v to_o jerusalem_n go_v to_o visit_v the_o sepulchre_n of_o christ_n at_o jerusalem_n d._n jerusalem_n gemâ—t_fw-la lib._n 6._o c._n 12._o d._n call_v together_o the_o archbishop_n and_o other_o the_o great_a man_n of_o his_o dukedom_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o do_v homage_n and_o swear_v fealty_n to_o his_o young_a son_n then_o about_o eight_o year_n old_a as_o their_o future_a prince_n and_o lord_n appoint_v 30._o appoint_v malmsb_n dege_v reg_fw-la fol._n 53._o b._n 30._o gilbert_n earl_n of_o france_n of_o gemet_fw-la lib._n 6._o c._n 11._o he_o leave_v his_o son_n and_o tutor_n to_o the_o care_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n oâ—_n his_o governor_n commit_v they_o both_o to_o the_o care_n and_o protection_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o king_n of_o france_n and_o afterward_o in_o his_o return_n from_o the_o holy_a land_n die_v at_o dies_z at_o ibid._n c._n 13._o an_fw-mi dom._n 1035._o robert_z dies_z nice_a in_o bythinia_n after_o his_o death_n many_o near_a to_o to_o the_o dukedom_n of_o his_o father_n relation_n conspire_v against_o he_o 2._o he_o ibid._n lib._n 7._o c._n 2._o private_o kill_v his_o tutor_n and_o governor_n and_o endeavour_v to_o take_v from_o he_o the_o dukedom_n for_o that_o he_o be_v a_o bastard_n which_o then_o in_o france_n be_v not_o esteem_v a_o sufficient_a bar_n to_o the_o inheritance_n of_o prince_n especial_o if_o according_o to_o the_o canon_n law_n they_o marry_v their_o concubine_n concubine_n thierry_n or_o theoderic_n 321._o theoderic_n vale_n rerum_fw-la franc._n tom._n 1._o fol._n 320_o 321._o bastard_z of_o clovis_n have_v for_o his_o share_n with_o his_o lawful_a child_n anstrasie_n now_o lorrainge_a etc._n etc._n 88.113_o etc._n ib._n tom._n 3._o fol._n 88.113_o sigibert_n natural_a son_n of_o king_n dagobert_n have_v anstrasie_a as_o his_o share_n also_o of_o france_n with_o his_o lawful_a son_n clovis_n 12._o with_o many_o such_o example_n in_o other_o nation_n for_o before_o that_o time_n many_o have_v succeed_v their_o father_n in_o this_o and_o other_o country_n as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v lawful_o beget_v other_o open_o invade_v the_o title_n and_o wage_v war_n for_o the_o dukedom_n murder_v his_o tutor_n private_o murder_v the_o first_o of_o who_o be_v william_n be_v gemet_fw-la lib._n 7._o c._n 3._o roger_n de_fw-fr toney_n arm_n against_o william_n roger_n the_o tresuye_n the_o in_o most_o of_o our_o historian_n he_o be_v call_v roger_n de_fw-fr tresuye_n toenio_n standard-bearer_n in_o all_o normandy_n a_o descendent_a from_o malahulcin_n uncle_n to_o rollo_n the_o first_o duke_n thereof_o and_o a_o adventurer_n with_o he_o in_o the_o acquest_n of_o it_o prince_n bastardy_n be_v no_o bar_n to_o the_o inheritance_n of_o prince_n he_o return_v out_o of_o spain_n where_o he_o have_v perform_v many_o great_a thing_n against_o the_o saracen_n and_o find_v william_n a_o child_n to_o succeed_v his_o father_n in_o the_o dukedom_n be_v much_o displease_v and_o scorn_v to_o serve_v he_o say_v a_o bastard_n ought_v not_o to_o command_v he_o or_o the_o norman_n combine_a with_o other_o who_o conspire_v against_o william_n and_o enter_v the_o territory_n of_o humphid_n humphid_n he_o be_v son_n of_o turulf_n de_fw-fr ponte_n audomari_fw-la by_o wera_n 37._o wera_n gemet_n lib._n 8._o c._n 37._o sister_n to_o gunnora_fw-es a_o forester_n daughter_n first_o concubine_n and_o then_o wife_n to_o richard_n first_o duke_n of_o normandy_n osbern_n de_fw-fr bolebec_n marry_v another_o sister_n of_o gunnor_n by_o who_o he_o have_v walter_n giffard_n make_v c._n make_v orderic_n vital_a 522._o c._n earl_n of_o buckingham_z by_o the_o conqueror_n from_o these_o two_o sister_n of_o gunnor_n and_o her_o brother_n herfasâ—us_o spring_v many_o of_o the_o supra_fw-la the_o gemet_n ubi_fw-la supra_fw-la great_a man_n of_o normandy_n and_o afterward_o of_o england_n the_o fliz-osberns_a mortimer_n giffard_n warrens_n montgomery_n gournay_n
conqueror_n make_v domesday_n or_o the_o conqueror_n survey_v how_o make_v and_o it_o may_v not_o be_v much_o out_o of_o the_o course_n of_o our_o history_n to_o take_v notice_n how_o it_o be_v make_v and_o in_o what_o method_n write_v it_o be_v make_v by_o by_o mr._n selden_n give_v a_o account_n in_o his_o preface_n to_o 15._o to_o fol._n 15._o eadmer_n from_o a_o ancient_a manuscript_n he_o think_v as_o old_a as_o the_o survey_n itself_o of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o great_a man_n that_o be_v swear_v in_o divers_a hundred_o in_o cambridgeshire_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o ely_n which_o be_v most_o norman_n survey_n the_o juror_n iâ—_n cambridgeshirâ—_n and_o isle_n of_o ely_n at_o the_o make_n of_o the_o survey_n and_o present_v the_o survey_n according_a to_o the_o form_n the_o king_n have_v direct_v and_o comitatus_fw-la dicit_fw-la or_o testatur_fw-la hundreda_fw-la vel_fw-la wapentachium_n dicit_fw-la vel_fw-la testatur_fw-la again_o homines_fw-la qui_fw-la juraverunt_fw-la the_o man_n that_o be_v swear_v in_o this_o or_o that_o county_n hundred_o or_o wapentach_v do_v witness_n say_v and_o aver_v so_o and_o so_o concern_v divers_a matter_n in_o debate_n and_o controversy_n do_v often_o occur_v in_o the_o survey_n itself_o the_o the_o b._n the_o histor_n ellen._n penes_fw-la domini_fw-la gale_n p._n 177._o b._n in_o staplebou_n hund._n nich_n de_fw-fr chenet_n willielmus_fw-la de_fw-fr chipenham_n homo_fw-la gaufridi_fw-la hugo_n de_fw-fr herenluge_n warinus_n de_fw-fr saham_n robertus_fw-la anglicus_n de_fw-fr fordhom_n hordmerus_n de_fw-fr bethlingham_n alanus_n de_fw-fr burwell_n alfricus_n de_fw-fr sneillewelle_n isti_fw-la homines_fw-la juraverunt_fw-la de_fw-la isto_fw-la hundredo_fw-la in_o cestertuna_n hund._n juraverunt_fw-la roggerus_n de_fw-fr cilderlaio_n gifard_n de_fw-fr draitona_n gislebert_n the_o histona_n surmi_fw-fr de_fw-fr cotenâ—am_n brunningus_n de_fw-fr cestertuna_fw-la almer_n de_fw-fr coâ—enâ—am_n ledmarus_n de_fw-fr draitona_n aermus_n de_fw-fr gilderlaio_n &_o omnes_fw-la alii-franci_n &_o argli_n de_fw-fr hoc_fw-la hundredo_fw-la juraverunt_fw-la these_o two_o instance_n be_v cite_v out_o of_o the_o ancient_a manuscript_n mention_v by_o selden_n juror_n in_o every_o hundred_o of_o the_o county_n be_v note_v name_n of_o the_o juror_n in_o some_o hundred_o mention_v by_o mr._n selden_n exceed_v not_o the_o number_n of_o eight_o or_o nine_o in_o other_o beside_o those_o name_v all_o that_o be_v fit_a for_o the_o purpose_n be_v swear_v verdict_n or_o presentment_n of_o juries_n or_o certain_a person_n swear_v in_o every_o hundred_o wapentach_n or_o county_n before_o 29._o before_o ge_z be_fw-mi tilb._n lib._n 1._o b_o 29._o commissioner_n who_o be_v most_o discreet_a person_n and_o common_o norman_n send_v from_o court_n those_o for_o 2._o for_o dugd._n bâ—ron_n fol._n 257._o col._n 2._o worcestershire_n and_o many_o other_o county_n be_v be_v he_o be_v a_o monk_n 20._o monk_n malm_n de_fw-fr gest_n pontif._n f._n 165._o b._n n._n 20._o in_o the_o abbey_n of_o fischampe_n or_o fecampe_n in_o normandy_n and_o give_v great_a assistance_n unto_o william_n in_o his_o expedition_n into_o england_n 1â—_n england_n eadmer_n fol_z 7._o n_o 1â—_n for_o which_o he_o make_v a_o bargain_n with_o he_o to_o be_v make_v a_o bishop_n if_o he_o overcome_v remigius_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n walter_n giffard_n county_n giffard_n orderic_n fol._n 522._o c._n and_o other_o county_n earl_n of_o buckingham_n buckingham_n he_o be_v son_n d._n son_n ord._n vit._n fol._n 5â—2_n d._n of_o gualchelin_n de_fw-fr ferrariis_fw-la a_o stranger_n and_o a_o adventurer_n with_o the_o conqueror_n and_o be_v possess_v of_o 176_o lordship_n or_o manner_n whereof_o in_o derby_n in_o domesd_v in_o come_v derby_n darbyshire_n 114_o as_o before_o be_v note_v hen_n the_o ferrier_n earl_n of_o derby_n and_o and_o this_o rye_n this_o monast_n angl._n vol._n 2._o fol_z 889._o n._n 50_o 60.4_o ibid._n 900._o n._n 20._o adam_n three_o son_n of_o hubert_n de_fw-fr rye_n adam_n who_o have_v give_v he_o great_a possession_n in_o kent_n be_v three_o son_n to_o hubert_n de_fw-fr rye_n a_o trusty_a servant_n to_o william_n when_o duke_n of_o normandy_n and_o employ_v by_o he_o to_o edward_n the_o confessor_n in_o the_o business_n of_o declare_v he_o his_o successor_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n eudo_fw-la be_v his_o fourth_z son_n adam_n brother_n unto_o eudo_fw-la steward_n of_o the_o household_n or_o sewar_n to_o the_o king_n who_o inquire_v into_o and_o describe_v as_o well_o the_o possession_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o conqueror_n as_o of_o his_o great_a man_n worcestershire_n commissioner_n in_o worcestershire_n make_v worcestershire_n the_o book_n themselves_o how_o and_o of_o what_o thing_n the_o survey_n be_v make_v they_o note_v what_o and_o how_o much_o arable_a land_n pasture_n meadow_n and_o wood_n every_o man_n have_v and_o what_o be_v the_o extent_n and_o value_n of_o they_o before_o the_o conquest_n and_o at_o the_o present_a time_n the_o survey_n be_v make_v by_o county_n hundred_o town_n or_o manner_n hide_n half_a hide_n virgates_n and_o acre_n of_o land_n meadow_n pasture_n and_o wood._n also_o they_o note_v what_o mill_n and_o fishing_n and_o in_o some_o county_n what_o and_o how_o many_o freeman_n sockman_n villain_n bordar_n servant_n young_a cattle_n sheep_n hog_n work_v horse_n skep_v of_o bee_n etc._n etc._n in_o every_o town_n and_o manner_n and_o who_o they_o belong_v to_o always_o in_o every_o county_n set_v down_o themselves_o down_o the_o book_n themselves_o the_o king_n name_n first_o and_o after_o he_o all_o his_o great_a man_n in_o order_n that_o hold_v of_o he_o in_o chief_a with_o number_n place_v before_o they_o for_o the_o better_a find_v they_o in_o the_o book_n as_o may_v be_v 10._o be_v append._n n._n 10._o see_v in_o the_o catalogue_n of_o tenant_n in_o chief_a or_o the_o possessor_n of_o land_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o survey_n there_o follow_v all_o england_n except_o three_o county_n of_o westmoreland_n cumberland_n and_o northumberland_n yorkshire_n that_o part_n of_o lancashire_n between_o the_o river_n mersey_n and_o ribble_z be_v lay_v so_o and_o describe_v in_o cheshire_n the_o other_o part_n be_v describe_v in_o yorkshire_n be_v describe_v and_o part_n of_o wales_n and_o the_o description_n or_o survey_v write_v in_o two_o book_n call_v the_o great_a and_o little_a little_a call_v domesday-book_n why_o so_o call_v there_o be_v no_o recede_v from_o or_o avoid_v what_o be_v write_v in_o this_o book_n and_o therefore_o ob_fw-la hoc_fw-la as_o be_v as_o p._n 41._o b._n domesday_n from_o the_o saxon_a dome_n bordarii_n what_o they_o be_v gervase_n of_o tilbury_n say_v nos_fw-la cundem_fw-la librum_fw-la judiciarium_fw-la nominamus_fw-la non_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o eo_fw-la de_fw-la prepositis_fw-la aliquibus_fw-la dubiis_fw-la feratur_fw-la sententia_fw-la sed_fw-la quod_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la sicut_fw-la ab_fw-la ultimo_fw-la die_fw-la judicii_fw-la non_fw-la licet_fw-la ulla_fw-la ratione_fw-la descedere_fw-la domesday-book_n remain_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o vicechamberlain_n of_o his_o majesty_n exchequer_n the_o little_a book_n contain_v only_o the_o county_n of_o norfolk_n suffolk_z and_o essex_n this_o survey_n be_v begin_v about_o the_o fourteen_o year_n of_o the_o conqueror_n and_o finish_v 450._o finish_v little_a domesday_n fol._n 450._o in_o the_o twenty_o of_o his_o reign_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1086._o to_o make_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o entry_n in_o these_o book_n more_o clear_a i_o shall_v give_v one_o or_o two_o example_n easessa_n terra_fw-la regis_fw-la dimid_n hundred_o de_fw-fr witham_n witham_n tenuit_fw-la heraldus_n t._n r._n e._n pro_fw-la manner_n &_o pro_fw-la 5_o hidis_fw-la tunc_fw-la 21_o follow_v 21_o what_o these_o villain_n be_v see_v in_o the_o letter_n f_z hear_v follow_v villain_n modo_fw-la 15_o tunc_fw-la 9_o county_n in_o the_o appendix_n be_v two_o catalogue_n of_o all_o the_o ter-tenent_n or_o as_o they_o may_v be_v call_v proprietor_n name_n in_o this_o survey_n one_o alphabetical_a the_o other_o as_o they_o be_v find_v before_o the_o description_n of_o every_o county_n county_n bordarii_n from_o the_o french_a bordier_n a_o villain_n or_o cottager_n and_o that_o from_o board_n a_o little_a house_n or_o cottage_n in_o the_o field_n etc._n etc._n 28._o etc._n custum_fw-la norm_a gloss_n sup_v c._n 28._o bordage_n be_v a_o tenure_n where_o such_o a_o house_n or_o cottage_n be_v give_v to_o any_o one_o to_o do_v any_o base_a service_n for_o his_o lord_n as_o to_o be_v a_o executioner_n or_o hangman_n or_o other_o base_a service_n and_o he_o who_o have_v any_o thing_n give_v he_o after_o that_o manner_n can_v not_o sell_v give_v or_o engage_v it_o for_o that_o it_o be_v give_v he_o to_o hold_v after_o that_o form_n bordar_n modo_fw-la 10_o tunc_fw-la 6_o 6_o be_v servi_n what_o they_o be_v servi_n servants_z or_o rather_o slave_n for_o servus_n in_o classic_a author_n never_o signify_v otherwise_o be_v of_o glossary_a of_o spelm._n gloss_n fol._n 513._o col_fw-fr 2._o see_v more_o what_o
a_o book_n write_v in_o latin_a by_o a_o irish_a friar_n and_o hanmer_n and_o f._n 148._o i_o take_v this_o to_o be_v the_o book_n of_o houth_n so_o often_o cite_v by_o camden_n and_o dr._n hanmer_n translate_v by_o dowdall_n primate_n there_o into_o english_a a._n d._n 1551._o give_v a_o more_o full_a account_n of_o they_o and_o of_o this_o john_n de_fw-fr curcy_n who_o be_v descent_n be_v ibidem_fw-la john_n the_o curcy_n descent_n by_o his_o father_n a_o norman_a by_o his_o mother_n a_o cambrian_a britain_n or_o welshman_n and_o marry_v the_o daughter_n of_o guthred_a king_n of_o man_n he_o serve_v king_n henry_n in_o all_o his_o war_n in_o france_n he_o become_v acquaint_v with_o sir_n amoric_n tristram_n who_o marry_a curcy_n sister_n and_o whether_o from_o the_o lady_n name_n or_o that_o they_o be_v marry_v on_o st._n laurence_n day_n he_o be_v ever_o after_o call_v amoric_n de_fw-fr sancto_fw-it laurentio_n and_o his_o descendants_n always_o bear_v that_o surname_n from_o whence_o the_o lord_n of_o houth_n be_v lineal_o descend_v these_o two_o knight_n become_v swear_v brethren_n in_o the_o church_n of_o our_o lady_n at_o rhone_n where_o they_o solemn_o vow_v to_o serve_v together_o to_o live_v and_o die_v together_o and_o equal_o divide_v between_o they_o what_o they_o get_v by_o the_o sword_n or_o shall_v be_v give_v they_o for_o their_o service_n thus_o they_o continue_v together_o in_o france_n anjou_n normandy_n and_o england_n and_o when_o sir_n john_n de_fw-fr curcy_n be_v join_v in_o commission_n with_o william_n burgh_n fitz-adelm_a laurentio_n he_o enter_v into_o a_o strict_a alliance_n with_o sir_n amoric_n de_fw-fr sancto_fw-it laurentio_n and_o other_o sir_n amoric_n de_fw-fr sancto_fw-it laurentio_n or_o st._n laurence_n accompany_v he_o into_o ireland_n where_o curcy_n receive_v a_o grant_n from_o the_o king_n by_o patent_n for_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n or_o assign_v to_o enjoy_v in_o that_o nation_n all_o he_o can_v conquer_v with_o his_o sword_n reserve_v to_o the_o king_n homage_n and_o fealty_n they_o land_a at_o haven_n at_o houth_n a_o town_n or_o place_n within_o a_o bay_n not_o far_o from_o dublin_n haven_n houth_n and_o there_o by_o a_o bridge_n be_v oppose_v by_o the_o irish_a with_o who_o there_o be_v a_o bloody_a conflict_n sir_n john_n de_fw-fr curcy_n be_v then_o sick_a and_o remain_v on_o shipboard_n sir_n amoric_n be_v general_n behave_v himself_o most_o worthy_o many_o fell_a on_o both_o side_n and_o he_o get_v the_o victory_n with_o the_o loss_n of_o seven_o of_o his_o own_o blood_n and_o relation_n for_o which_o good_a service_n and_o his_o valour_n sir_n john_n de_fw-fr curcy_n allot_v he_o the_o lordship_n of_o houth_n with_o other_o thing_n as_o his_o share_n of_o the_o conquest_n this_o seem_v rather_o a_o invention_n of_o the_o friar_n concern_v the_o original_a of_o the_o house_n of_o louth_n by_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o story_n than_o a_o real_a truth_n but_o as_o i_o find_v it_o i_o leave_v it_o and_o pass_v on_o to_o the_o four_o other_o battle_n curcy_n four_o battle_n fight_v by_o john_n de_fw-fr curcy_n the_o first_o man_n first_o ib._n f._n 152._o he_o beat_v the_o ulster_n man_n be_v fight_v on_o midsummer-day_n follow_v before_o the_o wall_n of_o down_n with_o fifteen_o thousand_o irish_a in_o which_o curcy_n be_v victor_n and_o beat_v they_o so_o much_o that_o the_o ulster_n man_n have_v no_o great_a stomach_n to_o set_v upon_o the_o english_a afterward_o here_o sir_n amoric_n be_v wound_v and_o lose_v much_o blood_n his_o wound_n be_v so_o many_o and_o so_o dangerous_a that_o he_o be_v give_v over_o by_o physician_n and_o surgeon_n for_o nine_o day_n yet_o recover_v his_o son_n sir_n nicholas_n st._n laurence_n be_v almost_o in_o as_o ill_a a_o condition_n with_o his_o wound_n yet_o do_v well_o again_o the_o second_o be_v in_o cattle_n in_o ib._n &_o f._n 153.154_o he_o conquer_v the_o irish_a at_o fern_n and_o take_v a_o great_a number_n of_o cattle_n fern_n against_o eleven_o thousand_o irish_a the_o english_a not_o be_v above_o a_o ten_o part_n of_o the_o number_n the_o occasion_n of_o it_o this_o sir_n john_n de_fw-fr curcy_n have_v build_v many_o castle_n in_o ulster_n especial_o in_o that_o part_n of_o it_o call_v fern_n where_o mac_n mahon_n live_v he_o be_v very_o kind_a to_o curcy_n and_o have_v swear_v to_o be_v a_o true_a and_o faithful_a subject_n whereupon_o he_o give_v he_o two_o castle_n with_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o they_o within_o a_o month_n mahon_n pull_v they_o down_o and_o level_v they_o with_o the_o ground_n curcy_n demand_v the_o reason_n of_o his_o so_o do_v his_o answer_n be_v he_o do_v not_o promise_v to_o hold_v stone_n of_o he_o but_o land_n for_o which_o practice_n and_o slight_a answer_n curcy_n resolve_v to_o pillage_n and_o drive_v all_o the_o cattle_n he_o can_v out_o of_o his_o country_n the_o prey_n be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o can_v not_o be_v drive_v in_o one_o body_n and_o therefore_o be_v divide_v into_o three_o part_n as_o be_v curcy_n man_n that_o drive_v it_o the_o way_n be_v narrow_a boggy_a and_o miry_a have_v thick_a bush_n on_o both_o side_n and_o the_o three_o drove_n of_o cattle_n be_v three_o mile_n in_o length_n the_o irish_a in_o like_a manner_n divide_v themselves_o into_o three_o body_n irish_a the_o english_a defeat_v of_o their_o prey_n by_o a_o ambuscade_n of_o the_o irish_a and_o lay_v in_o ambush_n in_o the_o wood_n ready_a to_o take_v all_o advantage_n when_o they_o set_v upon_o the_o english_a they_o make_v such_o shout_n and_o such_o a_o hideous_a noise_n that_o the_o cow_n say_v my_o author_n run_v like_o devil_n and_o overthrow_v horse_n and_o man_n so_o that_o more_o be_v tread_v under_o foot_n in_o the_o dirt_n and_o mire_n by_o the_o cow_n than_o be_v kill_v by_o the_o sword_n of_o the_o irish_a the_o english_a be_v break_v to_o piece_n sir_n roger_n poer_n for_o this_o book_n knight_n they_o all_o be_v take_v prisoner_n and_o rescue_v by_o sir_n amoric_n and_o he_o and_o sir_n john_n curcy_n in_o their_o flight_n and_o in_o several_a skirmish_n kill_v nineteen_o score_n of_o those_o that_o pursue_v they_o among_o who_o be_v mac_n mahâ—n_v himself_o slay_v by_o the_o base_a son_n of_o sir_n amoric_n at_o length_n in_o the_o evening_n they_o by_o chance_n recover_v a_o old_a fort_n in_o which_o they_o secure_v themselves_o sir_n amoric_n after_o a_o short_a sleep_n go_v out_o to_o discover_v the_o enemy_n camp_n which_o be_v not_o far_o off_o policy_n the_o irish_a rout_v and_o slay_v by_o sir_n amoric_n policy_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o great_a fire_n they_o have_v make_v in_o it_o and_o to_o see_v in_o what_o posture_n they_o be_v he_o find_v they_o be_v in_o a_o careless_a and_o negligent_a condition_n without_o either_o almost_o watch_n or_o guard_n and_o most_o of_o they_o asleep_o he_o make_v a_o speedy_a return_n and_o press_v his_o brother_n sir_n john_n de_fw-fr curcy_n that_o they_o may_v march_v with_o all_o their_o strength_n and_o catch_v they_o nap_v which_o be_v do_v and_o they_o kill_v the_o irish_a without_o resistance_n and_o so_o many_o of_o they_o that_o not_o above_o two_o hundred_o escape_v that_o be_v very_o nimble_a footed_a the_o english_a lose_v the_o day_n before_o four_o hundred_o man_n and_o in_o this_o morning_n work_n only_o two_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la 6._o cambrensis_fw-la lib._n 2._o c._n 16_o f._n 795._o lin_v 6._o in_o his_o short_a account_n of_o this_o action_n say_v only_o it_o happen_v in_o the_o take_n of_o prey_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o narrow_a passage_n after_o many_o great_a and_o doubtful_a fight_n and_o skirmish_n john_n de_fw-fr curcy_n be_v overcome_v many_o of_o his_o man_n be_v slay_v and_o other_o disperse_v in_o the_o wood_n so_o as_o he_o hardly_o escape_v with_o eleven_o man_n yet_o with_o a_o undaunted_a courage_n and_o with_o so_o small_a a_o number_n he_o march_v thirty_o mile_n on_o foot_n have_v lose_v their_o horse_n arm_v and_o fast_v two_o day_n and_o night_n continual_o defend_v themselves_o from_o the_o attack_n and_o assault_n of_o their_o pursue_v enemy_n until_o they_o recover_v his_o own_o castle_n the_o three_o be_v ardmagh_n be_v haâ—m_fw-la chronicle_n of_o ireland_n f._n 155_o 156._o ancient_o in_o latin_a ergalia_n it_o contain_v the_o country_n about_o louth_n mâ—naghan_n and_o ardmagh_n fight_v in_o that_o part_n of_o ulster_n call_v *_o vriel_n john_n de_fw-fr curcy_n have_v send_v into_o england_n for_o victual_n ammunition_n and_o other_o necessary_n by_o stress_n of_o wether_n the_o ship_n that_o bring_v they_o be_v drive_v into_o a_o creek_n there_o call_v torshead_n o_o hanlan_n with_o other_o irish_a board_v the_o vessel_n kill_v the_o man_n and_o mariner_n in_o it_o and_o make_v it_o a_o prize_n curcy_n
satisfy_v not_o the_o king_n court._n fornication_n and_o murder_n for_o which_o the_o arch_a bishop_n will_v not_o permit_v trial_n in_o the_o king_n court._n there_o be_v a_o clerc_n in_o worcestershire_n that_o have_v corrupt_v a_o honest_a man_n daughter_n and_o afterward_o kill_v her_o father_n this_o man_n the_o king_n will_v have_v try_v in_o his_o secular_a court_n archbishop_n thomas_n will_v not_o permit_v it_o but_o cause_v he_o to_o be_v keep_v in_o the_o prison_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o diocese_n lest_o he_o shall_v be_v deliver_v to_o the_o king_n justice_n another_o clerc_n steal_v a_o silver_n chalice_n out_o of_o a_o church_n in_o london_n call_v st._n mary_n in_o the_o market_n sacrilege_n sacrilege_n this_o man_n the_o king_n will_v have_v try_v in_o his_o secular_a court_n the_o archbishop_n cause_v he_o to_o be_v try_v in_o the_o ecclesiastical_a court_n where_o he_o be_v sentence_v to_o be_v degrade_v and_o to_o appease_v the_o king_n to_o be_v brand_v in_o the_o face_n with_o a_o hot_a iron_n the_o king_n resolve_v to_o have_v the_o clerc_n severe_o punish_v for_o these_o and_o the_o like_a crime_n clarendon_n crime_n hoved._n f._n 282._o a._n n._n 40._o gervas_n dorob_n col._n 1385._o n._n 60._o fitz-steph_n p._n 20._o col._n 1._o a._n d._n 1164._o a_o general_n council_n at_o clarendon_n and_o to_o assert_v the_o right_n of_o his_o crown_n call_v a_o general_a council_n at_o clarendon_n about_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n hilary_n in_o which_o he_o propound_v to_o the_o bishop_n and_o secular_a baron_n many_o ancient_a and_o royal_a law_n royal_a see_v append_v n._n 41._o the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n do_v consent_n to_o and_o own_o the_o king_n ancient_a law_n custom_n law_n and_o usage_n which_o he_o will_v have_v the_o bishop_n own_o and_o recognize_v as_o the_o right_n of_o his_o crown_n the_o bishop_n be_v willing_a but_o the_o archbishop_n will_v not_o consent_v the_o king_n send_v to_o he_o the_o earl_n of_o cornwall_n and_o leicester_n to_o incline_v he_o to_o acknowledge_v they_o but_o they_o can_v no_o way_n prevail_v at_o last_o two_o templar_n robert_n de_fw-fr hastings_n and_o hosteus_n de_fw-fr bolonia_n go_v to_o he_o and_o by_o throw_v themselves_o at_o his_o foot_n with_o many_o tear_n and_o great_a lamentation_n overcome_v he_o so_o as_o he_o promise_v without_o fraud_n or_o any_o reservation_n or_o save_v real_o to_o receive_v and_o submit_v to_o the_o king_n law_n which_o he_o call_v ancient_a fitz-stephan_n 2._o fitz-stephan_n p._n 20._o col._n 2._o say_v that_o the_o two_o last_o messenger_n with_o tear_n lay_v before_o he_o the_o danger_n he_o be_v in_o and_o what_o the_o ill_a consequence_n of_o his_o stand_v out_o will_v be_v for_o fear_n of_o death_n and_o that_o he_o may_v appease_v the_o king_n both_o the_o arch-bishop_n and_o all_o the_o bishop_n consent_v to_o all_o those_o law_n and_o establish_v they_o with_o their_o seal_n normandy_n the_o pope_n damn_v they_o they_o be_v bring_v from_o normandy_n and_o that_o the_o king_n afterward_o send_v they_o to_o the_o pope_n to_o be_v confirm_v who_o not_o only_o refuse_v to_o do_v that_o but_o cassated_a and_o damn_a they_o these_o law_n and_o custom_n king_n henry_n press_v the_o bishop_n to_o receive_v have_v be_v receive_v and_o practise_v in_o normandy_n and_o in_o all_o probability_n bring_v from_o thence_o into_o england_n as_o appear_v by_o a_o 42._o a_o append._n n._n 42._o inquisition_n find_v by_o the_o nobility_n of_o that_o nation_n which_o declare_v the_o right_n of_o the_o king_n over_o church_n and_o ecclesiastical_a person_n there_o the_o archbishop_n custom_n archbishop_n fitz-steph_n p._n 20._o col._n 2._o the_o archbishop_n repent_v he_o acknowledge_v the_o king_n royal_a custom_n soon_o repent_v of_o this_o act_n and_o severe_o chastise_v his_o own_o body_n he_o think_v it_o so_o heinous_a and_o that_o it_o have_v defile_v he_o so_o much_o as_o he_o be_v not_o fit_a to_o say_v mass_n or_o to_o appear_v before_o the_o altar_n and_o therefore_o omit_v that_o service_n for_o some_o week_n until_o by_o his_o confession_n and_o penance_n he_o think_v he_o deserve_v the_o pope_n absolution_n which_o he_o 42._o he_o append._n n._n 42._o obtain_v without_o difficulty_n but_o consider_v what_o danger_n he_o be_v in_o escape_n in_o fitz_n steph_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la and_o twice_o attempt_v to_o make_v his_o escape_n prepare_v to_o leave_n england_n to_o avoid_v the_o king_n anger_n and_o at_o rumsey_n a_o town_n of_o his_o own_o he_o twice_o put_v to_o sea_n but_o either_o have_v no_o wind_n or_o a_o contrary_a one_o and_o be_v force_v to_o come_v again_o on_o shore_n and_o 10._o and_o gervas_n dorobern_n col._n 1389_o n._n 10._o go_v from_o thence_o in_o the_o night_n to_o canterbury_n the_o news_n whereof_o the_o king_n receive_v with_o great_a joy_n fear_v that_o if_o he_o have_v get_v beyond_o sea_n he_o will_v have_v put_v his_o whole_a province_n under_o a_o interdict_v the_o king_n suspect_v he_o may_v northampton_n may_v ibid._n n._n 30._o the_o great_a council_n at_o northampton_n escape_v unpunished_a command_v the_o bishop_n and_o great_a man_n to_o meet_v at_o northampton_n the_o three_o day_n before_o the_o feast_n of_o calixtus_n the_o pope_n which_o be_v the_o 12_o of_o october_n fitz-stephan_n 1._o fitz-stephan_n p._n 21._o col._n 1._o say_v it_o be_v on_o the_o octave_n of_o st._n michael_n that_o be_v on_o the_o 6_o of_o october_n and_o that_o he_o be_v there_o with_o the_o archbishop_n octava_fw-la sancti_fw-la michaelis_fw-la feria_fw-la tertia_fw-la concilii_fw-la dicta_fw-la die_fw-la rex_fw-la aderat_fw-la ipsa_fw-la die_fw-la venimus_fw-la northamtonam_fw-la in_o this_o council_n the_o archbishop_n court_n archbishop_n ibid._n c._n 2._o the_o controversy_n between_o the_o archbishop_n and_o john_n the_o marshal_n who_o complain_v he_o can_v not_o have_v right_a in_o the_o arch-bishop_n court_n be_v accuse_v upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o a_o controversy_n between_o he_o and_o john_n martial_n or_o the_o marshal_n this_o john_n demand_v of_o the_o archbishop_n a_o manner_n or_o farm_n which_o be_v a_o member_n of_o one_o of_o his_o town_n call_v pageham_n he_o come_v with_o the_o king_n write_v into_o the_o arch-bishop_n court_n to_o remove_v the_o suit_n it_o may_v be_v suppose_v where_o he_o can_v gain_v nothing_o as_o have_v no_o right_n say_v my_o author_n and_o as_o the_o law_n then_o be_v he_o prove_v the_o defect_n of_o the_o arch-bishop_n court_n that_o he_o have_v not_o right_o do_v he_o as_o may_v be_v suppose_v and_o swear_v upon_o a_o tropaz_n or_o book_n of_o old_a song_n as_o gervase_n of_o 40._o of_o ut_fw-la supra_fw-la n._n 40._o canterbury_n call_v it_o which_o he_o draw_v from_o under_o his_o coat_n and_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o arch-bishop_n court_v accuse_v he_o for_o swear_v upon_o that_o book_n whereas_o he_o ought_v to_o have_v swear_v upon_o the_o gospel_n john_n come_v to_o the_o king_n and_o procure_v his_o writ_n by_o which_o the_o archbishop_n appear_v archbishop_n fitz-steph_n p._n 21_o col._n 2._o and_o cites_n he_o into_o the_o king_n court._n he_o delay_v to_o appear_v be_v require_v to_o answer_v he_o in_o the_o king_n court_n and_o the_o day_n appoint_v for_o his_o appearance_n be_v holy-rood_n day_n or_o the_o fourteen_o of_o september_n the_o archbishop_n come_v not_o at_o the_o day_n but_o send_v to_o the_o king_n four_o knight_n with_o his_o letter_n and_o the_o letter_n of_o the_o sheriff_n of_o kent_n attest_v the_o injury_n of_o john_n and_o the_o imperfection_n of_o his_o proof_n that_o be_v because_o he_o have_v swear_v upon_o the_o tropaz_n and_o not_o upon_o the_o gospel_n the_o monk_n of_o canterbury_n sickness_n canterbury_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la and_o excuse_v himself_o by_o reason_n of_o sickness_n report_v he_o send_v dvos_fw-la legales_fw-la homines_fw-la per_fw-la quos_fw-la excusatus_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la citatus_fw-la non_fw-la venit_fw-la ad_fw-la regis_fw-la praesentiam_fw-la non_fw-la enim_fw-la contemptus_fw-la fuit_fw-la sed_fw-la infirmitate_fw-la valida_fw-la invitus_fw-la retentus_fw-la est_fw-la two_o lawful_a man_n to_o make_v his_o excuse_n that_o he_o appear_v not_o before_o the_o king_n that_o it_o be_v not_o out_o of_o contempt_n but_o by_o reason_n he_o be_v unwilling_o detain_v by_o great_a sickness_n however_o it_o be_v the_o king_n be_v very_o angry_a that_o person_n that_o fitz-steph_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la &_o p._n 22._o col._n 1._o the_o king_n angry_a because_o he_o come_v not_o in_o person_n he_o come_v not_o in_o his_o own_o person_n to_o make_v the_o allegation_n the_o knight_n bring_v who_o he_o treat_v with_o threat_n as_o such_o that_o against_o the_o king_n citation_n bring_v into_o his_o court_n false_a and_o frivolous_a excuse_n and_o scarce_o let_v they_o go_v free_a though_o they_o have_v give_v security_n at_o the_o court._n the_o ibidem_fw-la the_o archbishop_n
n._n 38._o condition_n and_o article_n between_o king_n henry_n and_o roderic_n grant_v to_o roderic_n his_o liegeman_n the_o kingdom_n of_o conaught_n so_o long_o as_o he_o shall_v serve_v he_o faithful_o that_o he_o shall_v be_v a_o king_n under_o he_o ready_a at_o his_o service_n as_o his_o suuâ—_fw-la his_o sicut_fw-la homo_fw-la suuâ—_fw-la vassal_n or_o man_n and_o that_o he_o may_v hold_v his_o land_n as_o well_o and_o in_o peace_n as_o he_o hold_v it_o before_o the_o king_n of_o england_n enter_v ireland_n pay_v unto_o he_o tribute_n etc._n etc._n second_o if_o any_o of_o his_o people_n be_v rebel_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o he_o and_o refuse_v to_o pay_v tribute_n by_o his_o hand_n and_o to_o perform_v other_o right_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n he_o shall_v justice_n or_o punish_v and_o remove_v they_o and_o if_o he_o can_v not_o justice_n they_o the_o constable_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o his_o force_n shall_v do_v it_o etc._n etc._n with_o several_a other_o thing_n mention_v in_o the_o concord_n itself_o in_o this_o council_n king_n henry_n henry_n henry_n hoved._n f._n 313._o a._n n._n 10._o augustin_n make_v bishop_n of_o waterford_n by_o king_n henry_n give_v unto_o mr._n augustin_n and_o irishman_n the_o bishopric_n of_o waterford_n then_o void_a and_o send_v he_o over_o with_o laurence_n archbishop_n of_o dublin_n to_o be_v consecrate_v by_o donat_n archbishop_n of_o cassil_n in_o the_o next_o year_n 1176._o year_n ibid._n f._n 316_o a._n n._n 20._o a._n d._n 1176._o pope_n alexander_n the_o three_o send_v vivian_n priest_n cardinal_z legat_n of_o the_o apostolic_a see_v in_o scotland_n and_o the_o circumjacent_a isle_n and_o in_o ireland_n and_o norwey_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v in_o ecclesiastical_a cause_n this_o year_n about_o the_o begin_n of_o june_n die_v dublin_n die_v ib._n b._n lin_v 6._o earl_n strongbowe_n die_v at_o dublin_n earl_n strongbowe_n at_o dublin_n of_o who_o death_n reymund_n then_o in_o desmond_n 14._o desmond_n girald_n cambr._n ut_fw-la supr_fw-la c._n 14._o have_v notice_n from_o his_o lady_n basilia_n which_o he_o endeavour_v to_o keep_v private_a from_o the_o irish_a and_o immediate_o upon_o the_o news_n he_o call_v a_o council_n of_o his_o most_o know_v and_o trusty_a friend_n to_o consider_v what_o be_v to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o present_a constitution_n of_o affair_n and_o for_o that_o reymund_n be_v sudden_o to_o depart_v for_o england_n they_o resolve_v to_o remove_v the_o garrison_n out_o of_o limeric_n and_o disperse_v it_o into_o the_o maritime_a town_n and_o the_o strong_a place_n in_o leinster_n to_o reinforce_v they_o and_o to_o leave_v the_o charge_n and_o defence_n of_o that_o city_n brien_n reymund_n commit_v limeric_n to_o o_o brien_n to_o donald_n o_o brien_n or_o breen_n of_o tuomond_n prince_n of_o limeric_n as_o one_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n baron_n who_o give_v new_a hostage_n and_o make_v fresh_a oath_n for_o to_o defend_v the_o town_n restore_v it_o to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n upon_o demand_n and_o to_o preserve_v the_o peace_n but_o the_o english_a be_v no_o soon_o over_o one_o end_n of_o the_o bridge_n town_n he_o break_v down_o the_o bridge_n and_o fire_n the_o town_n but_o donald_n cause_v the_o other_o end_n to_o be_v break_v down_o and_o the_o city_n to_o be_v fire_v in_o four_o place_n from_o hence_o the_o army_n march_v to_o dublin_n the_o irish_a annal_n place_v the_o death_n of_o earl_n richard_n and_o the_o come_n of_o cardinal_n vivian_n into_o ireland_n in_o the_o year_n follow_v a._n d._n 1177._o the_o king_n 1â—_n king_n ibid._n c._n 1â—_n commissioner_n after_o the_o earl_n death_n make_v haste_n into_o england_n and_o acquaint_v the_o king_n with_o the_o change_n of_o affair_n in_o ireland_n who_o forthwith_o send_v 17._o send_v this_o william_n be_v reckon_v as_o one_o of_o the_o household_n or_o dapifer_fw-la to_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o hoved._n f._n 301._o b._n n._n 40._o and_o be_v seneschal_n of_o normandy_n poictou_n or_o some_o other_o his_o dominion_n in_o france_n he_o be_v luxurious_a and_o proud_a yet_o covetous_a and_o scrape_v together_o much_o wealth_n by_o indirect_a as_o well_o as_o fair_a course_n he_o be_v harsh_a unkind_a and_o injurious_a to_o the_o officer_n both_o military_a and_o civil_a which_o he_o find_v in_o ireland_n he_o be_v negligent_a in_o his_o government_n and_o therefore_o continue_v but_o a_o short_a time_n in_o it_o girald_n cambren_n l._n 2._o c._n 16_o 17._o william_n fitz-adelm_a misit_fw-la fitz-adelm_a in_o hiberniam_fw-la procuratorem_fw-la misit_fw-la procurator_n thither_o with_o ten_o knight_n or_o man_n at_o arm_n of_o his_o private_a guard_n or_o ireland_n william_n fitz-adelm_a send_v procurator_n into_o ireland_n household_n to_o attend_v on_o he_o and_o join_v with_o he_o john_n de_fw-fr curcy_n with_o who_o he_o send_v ten_o other_o of_o the_o same_o quality_n also_o robert_n fitz-stephan_n and_o and_o 10_o and_o f._n 293._o b._n n._n 10_o hoveden_n call_v he_o miles_n de_fw-fr coggeham_n richardus_fw-la comes_fw-la de_fw-la striguil_v magno_fw-la congregato_fw-la exercitu_fw-la invasit_fw-la hiberniam_fw-la &_o maximam_fw-la illius_fw-la partem_fw-la subjugavit_fw-la sibi_fw-la auxiliante_fw-la eâ—_n milone_n de_fw-fr coggeham_n viro_fw-la bellicoso_fw-la &_o facta_fw-la concordia_fw-la cum_fw-la rege_fw-la diviliniae_n filiam_fw-la illius_fw-la in_o vxorem_fw-la duxit_fw-la cum_fw-la regno_fw-la diviliniae_n that_o be_v leinster_n miles_n cogan_n who_o for_o two_o year_n last_o pass_v have_v serve_v he_o noble_o and_o brave_o in_o his_o war_n of_o france_n and_o england_n with_o twenty_o to_o attend_v upon_o their_o person_n reymund_n hear_v they_o be_v land_v march_v to_o wexford_n and_o receive_v they_o with_o great_a respect_n and_o kindness_n and_o forthwith_o deliver_v up_o the_o city_n garrison_n fort_n and_o hostage_n of_o all_o ireland_n to_o william_n fitz-adelm_a as_o senescal_n send_v by_o the_o king_n john_n de_fw-fr curcy_n ulster_n curcy_n ibid_fw-la c._n 16._o f._n 791._o lin_v 1._o john_n de_fw-fr curcy_n hold_o set_v upon_o ulster_n find_v william_n fitz-adelm_a to_o act_v covetous_o timorous_o and_o deceitful_o as_o not_o be_v faithful_a to_o those_o under_o his_o command_n or_o formidable_a to_o the_o enemy_n he_o take_v out_o of_o the_o force_n of_o dublin_n which_o by_o the_o sloth_n of_o the_o general_n and_o for_o want_v of_o pay_n and_o their_o usual_a refreshment_n by_o plunder_n two_o and_o twenty_o knight_n or_o man_n at_o arm_n and_o 300_o other_o and_o bold_o set_v upon_o the_o kingdom_n or_o province_n of_o ulster_n not_o yet_o attempt_v by_o the_o english_a arms._n cardinal_n down_n cardinal_n hoved._n f._n 320._o b._n n._n 10_o 20._o he_o take_v down_n vivian_n beforementioned_a be_v with_o king_n guthr_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o man_n at_o christmas_n and_o after_o epiphany_n or_o twelf-day_n pass_v into_o ireland_n and_o remain_v at_o down_n the_o chief_a town_n then_o of_o ulster_n while_o he_o be_v there_o about_o candlemass_n 1177._o candlemass_n ibid._n &_o girald_n cambren_n hibern_n expugn_v lib._n 2._o c._n 16._o f._n 794._o n._n 20._o a._n d._n 1177._o john_n de_fw-fr curcy_n come_v before_o that_o place_n and_o take_v it_o without_o trouble_n the_o governor_n dunleve_v or_o perhaps_o donald_n not_o be_v provide_v for_o a_o defence_n flee_v the_o cardinal_n mediate_v a_o peace_n between_o the_o king_n and_o john_n but_o without_o effect_n whereupon_o roderic_n king_n of_o that_o province_n and_o dunleve_v raise_v a_o army_n of_o 10000_o irish_a in_o few_o day_n and_o march_v towards_o down_n to_o besiege_v it_o john_n de_fw-fr curcy_n think_v it_o can_v no_o way_n be_v for_o his_o advantage_n to_o be_v shut_v up_o in_o a_o fortress_n he_o have_v build_v in_o a_o corner_n of_o the_o city_n and_o therefore_o draw_v out_o the_o few_o man_n he_o have_v not_o exceed_v seven_o hundred_o and_o go_v towards_o they_o resolve_v to_o try_v the_o fate_n of_o a_o battle_n dunleve_n he_o obtain_v a_o victory_n over_o roderic_n and_o dunleve_n they_o come_v to_o a_o sharp_a and_o cruel_a engagement_n wherein_o he_o obtain_v the_o victory_n with_o a_o mighty_a slaughter_n of_o his_o enemy_n though_o not_o without_o great_a loss_n on_o his_o own_o side_n roger_n poer_n a_o stout_a young_a gentleman_n be_v the_o second_o eminent_a person_n in_o this_o action_n giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la in_o the_o same_o chapter_n tell_v we_o of_o four_o other_o battle_n fight_v by_o john_n de_fw-fr curcy_n in_o ulster_n but_o just_o only_a mention_n they_o and_o the_o place_n where_o they_o be_v fight_v stanihurst_n also_o in_o his_o 182._o his_o p._n 182._o history_n of_o ireland_n pass_v they_o over_o as_o brief_o but_o dr._n hanmer_n in_o his_o hanmer_n his_o f._n 148._o i_o take_v this_o to_o be_v the_o book_n of_o houth_n so_o often_o cite_v by_o camden_n and_o dr._n hanmer_n chronicle_n of_o that_o nation_n from_o