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book_n law_n scripture_n write_v 2,897 5 5.9324 4 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A88829 An examination of the political part of Mr. Hobbs his Leviathan. By George Lawson, rector of More in the county of Salop. Lawson, George, d. 1678. 1657 (1657) Wing L706; Thomason E1591_3; Thomason E1723_2; ESTC R208842 108,639 222

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that_o though_o no_o reason_n can_v prove_v yet_o no_o reason_n can_v contradict_v just_o because_o there_o be_v nothing_o in_o they_o contrary_a to_o the_o principle_n of_o pure_a reason_n they_o be_v propose_v unto_o we_o with_o such_o credit_n and_o urge_v upon_o we_o as_o matter_n of_o great_a concernment_n in_o the_o world_n in_o so_o much_o that_o he_o can_v be_v rational_a that_o shall_v refuse_v either_o to_o give_v assent_n unto_o they_o or_o make_v trial_n of_o they_o with_o the_o sincere_a heart_n which_o once_o do_v he_o shall_v find_v by_o real_a effect_n in_o the_o heart_n not_o only_o that_o god_n do_v reveal_v they_o as_o he_o believe_v before_o by_o a_o acquire_v faith_n but_o have_v a_o intuitive_a knowledge_n that_o they_o be_v god_n testimony_n because_o he_o who_o speak_v by_o the_o scripture_n and_o the_o minister_n have_v speak_v to_o he_o immediate_o by_o his_o spirit_n work_v in_o his_o heart_n and_o then_o reason_n be_v satisfy_v and_o convince_v that_o god_n 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saviour_n that_o god_n be_v a_o spirit_n may_v be_v and_o be_v understand_v though_o we_o have_v no_o demonstrative_a or_o intuitive_a knowledge_n of_o the_o deity_n in_o itself_o there_o be_v a_o great_a difference_n between_o a_o word_n and_o the_o thing_n signify_v by_o the_o word_n the_o word_n may_v be_v perfect_o understand_v though_o the_o thing_n be_v not_o and_o we_o may_v know_v something_o of_o the_o thing_n by_o some_o measure_n of_o knowledge_n though_o we_o do_v not_o perfect_o know_v it_o with_o the_o most_o perfect_a knowledge_n christ_n by_o these_o word_n do_v teach_v we_o something_o and_o if_o he_o do_v how_o can_v it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o place_n fall_v not_o under_o our_o understanding_n for_o there_o be_v nothing_o teachable_a which_o be_v not_o intelligible_a and_o by_o that_o place_n we_o may_v easy_o understand_v that_o god_n be_v a_o far_o more_o perfect_a and_o excellent_a substance_n or_o be_v than_o any_o inanimate_a or_o irrational_a body_n can_v possible_o be_v the_o next_o term_n to_o be_v explain_v be_v that_o of_o angel_n whereof_o he_o say_v t._n h._n there_o be_v no_o place_n in_o the_o old_a testament_n or_o new_a from_o whence_o we_o can_v conclude_v that_o angel_n be_v any_o thing_n permanent_a and_o incorporeal_a or_o create_v or_o any_o thing_n but_o a_o extraordinary_a manifestation_n of_o god_n power_n especial_o by_o dream_n or_o vision_n and_o the_o angel_n gabriel_n be_v nothing_o but_o a_o supernatural_a phantasm_n yet_o from_o my_o feeble_a understanding_n be_v by_o the_o plain_a text_n of_o the_o new_a testament_n extort_a a_o acknowledgement_n and_o belief_n that_o there_o be_v angel_n substantial_a and_o permanent_a g._n l._n much_o to_o this_o purpose_n in_o this_o part_n of_o the_o chapter_n we_o may_v read_v and_o in_o this_o particular_a he_o must_v woeful_o pervert_v several_a text_n of_o scripture_n elude_v the_o plain_a sense_n
wherein_o we_o may_v observe_v 1._o solomon_n place_n and_o duty_n as_o king_n of_o israel_n and_o that_o be_v to_o judge_v that_o people_n 2._o that_o this_o duty_n can_v not_o be_v well_o perform_v without_o wisdom_n 3._o god_n do_v give_v wisdom_n for_o that_o purpose_n these_o thing_n be_v employ_v 4._o solomon_n prase_n for_o wisdom_n to_o that_o end_n neither_o from_o his_o place_n or_o prayer_n will_v it_o follow_v that_o he_o have_v the_o supreme_a absolute_a legislative_a power_n in_o himself_o alone_o neither_o indeed_o have_v he_o any_o such_o thing_n at_o all_o for_o god_n have_v make_v the_o law_n both_o civil_a and_o ecclesiastical_a and_o he_o can_v neither_o alter_v or_o abrogate_v they_o but_o be_v bind_v precise_o and_o strict_o to_o judge_v according_a to_o they_o and_o neither_o depart_n unto_o the_o right_a hand_n or_o the_o left_a and_o suppose_v solomon_n have_v be_v invest_v with_o this_o power_n do_v it_o therefore_o follow_v that_o all_o other_o king_n have_v the_o like_a the_o rest_n which_o follow_v be_v not_o worthy_a any_o answer_n he_o instance_v 1._o in_o saul_n who_o be_v their_o lord_n anoint_v david_n do_v not_o slay_v though_o he_o be_v in_o his_o power_n and_o what_o follow_v hence_o but_o only_o thus_o much_o that_o no_o man_n in_o david_n case_n and_o of_o david_n conscience_n dare_v secret_o put_v to_o death_n a_o king_n anoint_v by_o god_n special_a and_o immediate_a word_n 2._o servant_n must_v obey_v their_o master_n and_o child_n their_o parent_n in_o all_o thing_n and_o what_o be_v this_o to_o purpose_n do_v it_o hence_o follow_v that_o all_o king_n have_v absolute_a power_n what_o impertinent_a and_o absurd_a illation_n be_v these_o but_o 3._o christ_n disciple_n must_v observe_v and_o do_v all_o that_o the_o scribe_n and_o pharisee_n bid_v they_o as_o sit_v in_o moses_n chair_n from_o hence_o it_o can_v be_v conclude_v that_o they_o have_v sovereign_a power_n civil_a no_o more_o than_o minister_n of_o the_o gospel_n have_v it_o because_o the_o people_n must_v observe_v and_o do_v all_o that_o they_o bid_v they_o out_o of_o the_o gospel_n 4._o paul_n charge_v titus_n cap._n 3.2_o to_o warn_v the_o people_n of_o crect_n that_o they_o subject_n themselves_o to_o prince_n and_o to_o those_o that_o be_v in_o authority_n and_o obey_v they_o and_o his_o gloss_n be_v this_o be_v simple_a obedience_n what_o be_v this_o to_o absolute_a and_o supreme_a power_n by_o this_o may_v be_v as_o easy_o prove_v that_o every_o petty_a officer_n have_v supreme_a power_n as_o well_o as_o any_o other_o for_o a_o officer_n must_v be_v obey_v because_o he_o be_v in_o authority_n 5._o christ_n command_v to_o give_v to_o caesar_n the_o thing_n that_o be_v caesar_n and_o pay_v tax_v himself_o all_o that_o can_v be_v infer_v from_o hence_o be_v that_o tribute_n be_v to_o be_v pay_v to_o who_o tribute_n be_v due_a and_o that_o it_o be_v due_a from_o province_n to_o their_o supreme_a governor_n the_o sum_n of_o all_o these_o place_n amount_n to_o thus_o much_o in_o politic_n that_o the_o chief_a command_n in_o war_n just_a judgement_n in_o peace_n or_o the_o exercise_n of_o jurisdiction_n belong_v unto_o the_o king_n of_o judah_n and_o tribute_n to_o the_o roman_a emperor_n how_o many_o plain_a and_o express_v place_n of_o scripture_n may_v have_v be_v produce_v to_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v a_o legislative_a judicial_a executive_a power_n in_o every_o state_n and_o that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v exercise_v by_o some_o certain_a person_n design_v for_o that_o purpose_n and_o the_o author_n have_v no_o need_n to_o lay_v the_o weight_n of_o his_o praise_n for_o these_o thing_n upon_o such_o place_n as_o do_v but_o tacit_o and_o by_o way_n of_o intimation_n point_n at_o some_o of_o they_o but_o why_o he_o shall_v falsify_v the_o translation_n abuse_v so_o many_o text_n make_v such_o woeful_a illation_n from_o some_o of_o they_o and_o so_o impertinent_o allege_v they_o i_o know_v no_o reason_n and_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o intolerable_a that_o in_o the_o last_o example_n he_o shall_v make_v christ_n jesus_n the_o civil_a sovereign_n of_o the_o jew_n in_o the_o time_n of_o his_o humiliation_n and_o by_o virtue_n of_o that_o civil_a power_n to_o take_v another_o man_n ass_n as_o his_o own_o which_o he_o do_v but_o desire_v to_o borrow_v and_o use_v for_o a_o little_a journey_n with_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o owner_n that_o the_o sin_n of_o our_o first_o parent_n in_o desire_v to_o be_v as_o god_n know_v good_a and_o evil_n be_v a_o ambition_n to_o become_v civil_a sovereign_n he_o may_v persuade_v we_o to_o believe_v when_o he_o can_v prove_v it_o t._n h._n pag._n 106._o sovereign_a power_n ought_v in_o all_o commonwealth_n to_o be_v absolute_a g._n l._n this_o i_o read_v in_o the_o margin_n and_o to_o his_o understanding_n its_o plain_a both_o from_o reason_n and_o scripture_n that_o it_o be_v as_o great_a as_o possible_o a_o man_n can_v be_v imagine_v to_o make_v it_o this_o be_v plain_o ridiculous_a for_o what_o can_v man_n imagine_v see_v their_o imagination_n can_v reach_v to_o wonder_n impossibility_n and_o many_o thing_n far_o above_o a_o civil_a sovereign_a power_n and_o here_o be_v a_o sit_v occasion_n offer_v to_o examine_v what_o absolute_a power_n be_v and_o in_o what_o respect_n sovereignty_n be_v absolute_a there_o be_v no_o power_n as_o there_o be_v no_o be_v absolute_a but_o that_o of_o god_n who_o power_n be_v his_o be_v civil_a supreme_a power_n be_v say_v to_o be_v absolute_a because_o its_o soluta_fw-la legibus_fw-la free_a from_o the_o law_n and_o not_o limit_v and_o oblige_v by_o they_o yet_o the_o law_n from_o which_o they_o be_v free_a as_o be_v above_o they_o be_v only_o civil_a law_n make_v by_o themselves_o for_o the_o administration_n of_o the_o state_n where_o they_o be_v sovereign_a for_o they_o be_v so_o strict_o bind_v by_o the_o law_n of_o reason_n nature_n god_n which_o be_v but_o all_o one_o divine_a law_n as_o they_o have_v not_o the_o least_o power_n to_o do_v any_o thing_n either_o as_o private_a person_n or_o public_a sovereign_n against_o they_o except_o they_o will_v dethrone_v themselves_o provoke_v the_o wrath_n of_o god_n and_o bring_v his_o judgement_n upon_o they_o they_o be_v beside_o subject_n to_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n which_o be_v above_o any_o particular_a sovereign_n though_o never_o so_o great_a they_o be_v indeed_o above_o their_o own_o law_n and_o may_v not_o only_o alter_v many_o thing_n in_o they_o but_o abrogate_v they_o yet_o so_o as_o all_o this_o tend_v to_o the_o public_a good_a they_o may_v act_v upon_o occasion_n above_o and_o beside_o they_o as_o the_o general_a good_a shall_v require_v it_o they_o be_v not_o bind_v unto_o formality_n but_o may_v omit_v they_o yet_o all_o this_o be_v but_o little_a and_o confine_v to_o the_o narrow_a compass_n of_o thing_n indifferent_a as_o they_o be_v subordinate_a to_o pure_a moral_n it_o be_v true_a that_o their_o power_n be_v in_o some_o respect_n arbitrary_a yet_o if_o they_o do_v any_o thing_n which_o either_o in_o itself_o or_o in_o the_o circumstance_n only_o be_v unjust_a they_o offend_v and_o transgress_v the_o bound_n god_n have_v put_v unto_o their_o power_n and_o here_o we_o must_v distinguish_v between_o the_o sovereign_n for_o the_o constitution_n and_o the_o sovereign_n for_o administration_n the_o former_a have_v more_o power_n than_o the_o late_a who_o only_o be_v above_o the_o law_n of_o administration_n yet_o both_o must_v be_v just_a for_o they_o have_v no_o power_n to_o be_v unjust_a it_o be_v certain_a that_o prince_n desire_v to_o be_v god_n absolute_a independent_a above_o all_o law_n and_o to_o have_v a_o privilege_n to_o do_v what_o they_o listen_v and_o a_o right_a to_o do_v wrong_n and_o it_o be_v a_o dangerous_a thing_n to_o flatter_v they_o and_o make_v they_o believe_v their_o power_n to_o be_v great_a than_o indeed_o it_o be_v for_o this_o be_v the_o very_a highway_n unto_o ruin_n wise_a man_n have_v advise_v all_o prince_n to_o observe_v their_o own_o law_n make_v by_o themselves_o and_o by_o their_o example_n encourage_v their_o subject_n to_o obedience_n and_o this_o be_v a_o effectual_a mean_n to_o procure_v their_o safety_n and_o confirm_v they_o in_o their_o power_n and_o the_o love_n of_o their_o subject_n cap._n v._o of_o the_o second_o part_n the_o one_o and_o twenty_o of_o the_o book_n of_o the_o liberty_n of_o subject_n the_o subject_n of_o this_o chapter_n be_v as_o in_o the_o argument_n the_o liberty_n of_o subject_n which_o follow_v the_o power_n of_o sovereign_n in_o this_o discourse_n and_o because_o his_o method_n be_v no_o method_n but_o rather_o a_o confusion_n i_o do_v forbear_v to_o reduce_v the_o chapter_n either_o to_o certain_a head_n or_o proposition_n and_o will_v only_o observe_v some_o
another_o and_o be_v part_n one_o of_o another_o i_o do_v not_o understand_v 6._o a_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v only_o then_o a_o civil_a law_n when_o it_o be_v declare_v to_o be_v so_o by_o the_o civil_a sovereign_n yet_o it_o be_v a_o law_n before_o 7._o for_o the_o most_o part_n learned_a man_n do_v understand_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n certain_a divine_a principle_n imprint_v upon_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n more_o immediate_a by_o the_o law_n civil_a more_o remote_a conclusion_n of_o constitutive_a law_n civil_a t._n h._n see_v all_o law_n have_v their_o authority_n and_o force_n from_o the_o will_n of_o the_o sovereign_n a_o man_n may_v wonder_v whence_o proceed_v such_o opinion_n as_o be_v find_v in_o the_o book_n of_o lawyer_n of_o eminence_n in_o several_a commonwealth_n direct_o or_o by_o consequence_n make_v the_o legislative_a power_n depend_v on_o private_a man_n or_o subordinate_a judge_n as_o for_o example_n that_o the_o common-law_n have_v no_o controller_n but_o the_o parliament_n item_n that_o the_o common-law_n have_v two_o arm_n force_v and_o justice_n the_o one_o whereof_o be_v in_o the_o king_n the_o other_o deposit_v in_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o parliament_n g._n l._n the_o former_a conclusion_n which_o be_v the_o five_o in_o order_n that_o the_o law_n of_o prince_n and_o country_n subdue_v depend_v upon_o the_o sovereign_a conquer_a be_v true_a and_o it_o be_v wisdom_n in_o the_o conqueror_n to_o grant_v they_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o god_n and_o no_o way_n prejudicial_a to_o their_o power_n for_o many_o be_v willing_a to_o change_v their_o governor_n yet_o unwilling_a to_o change_v their_o government_n but_o as_o concern_v the_o two_o maxim_n of_o law_n i_o may_v refer_v he_o to_o the_o learned_a in_o that_o profession_n who_o no_o doubt_n can_v make_v they_o good_a against_o any_o thing_n he_o have_v say_v they_o seem_v to_o he_o to_o be_v unreasonable_a partly_o because_o he_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o constitution_n both_o of_o this_o and_o also_o of_o other_o state_n partly_o because_o they_o be_v inconsistent_a with_o his_o utopian_a principle_n for_o he_o presuppose_v 1._o that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n be_v a_o absolute_a monarch_n 2._o that_o the_o parliament_n as_o a_o parliament_n be_v mere_o a_o subject_n 3._o that_o the_o king_n have_v power_n at_o will_n and_o pleasure_n to_o call_v parliament_n and_o dissolve_v they_o yet_o these_o have_v he_o not_o make_v good_a neither_o can_v he_o 1._o that_o our_o king_n be_v not_o absolute_a monarch_n be_v well_o know_v the_o law_n and_o practice_n have_v make_v it_o manifest_v and_o whatsoever_o ignorant_a person_n and_o parasite_n may_v say_v yet_o wise_a man_n both_o english_a and_o foreign_a statesman_n who_o have_v deal_v with_o england_n have_v be_v assure_v of_o the_o contrary_a especial_o when_o in_o certain_a league_n they_o have_v require_v the_o consent_n of_o the_o parliament_n again_o the_o king_n of_o england_n never_o make_v or_o repeal_v a_o law_n nor_o levy_v a_o subsidy_n alone_o themselves_o without_o a_o parliament_n and_o they_o be_v swear_v corroborare_fw-la leges_fw-la quas_fw-la vulgus_fw-la elegerit_fw-la for_o let_v elegerit_fw-la be_v what_o tense_n it_o will_v vulgus_fw-la which_o be_v populus_fw-la non_fw-la rex_fw-la eligit_fw-la leges_fw-la and_o the_o late_a king_n in_o his_o answer_n to_o the_o 19_o proposition_n do_v confess_v that_o the_o lord_n and_o commons_o have_v a_o share_n in_o the_o legislative_a power_n and_o it_o be_v very_o much_o to_o be_v wonder_v at_o if_o that_o king_n who_o himself_o alone_o can_v never_o make_v or_o repeal_v a_o law_n nor_o levy_v or_o impose_v a_o subsidy_n nor_o revoke_v the_o judgement_n of_o any_o court_n nor_o alter_v a_o word_n or_o clause_n in_o any_o law_n agree_v upon_o in_o parliament_n shall_v be_v a_o absolute_a monarch_n it_o be_v far_o more_o probable_a he_o be_v only_o trust_v with_o the_o force_n for_o the_o execution_n of_o justice_n according_a to_o law_n and_o judgement_n according_a to_o the_o second_o maxim_n and_o if_o he_o be_v no_o absolute_a sovereign_n than_o his_o second_o supposition_n that_o the_o parliament_n as_o such_o be_v only_o a_o assembly_n of_o private_a man_n and_o subject_n and_o to_o be_v consider_v in_o no_o other_o capacity_n be_v false_a as_o likewise_o his_o three_o that_o the_o king_n can_v call_v and_o dissolve_v parliament_n at_o will_n and_o pleasure_n for_o by_o the_o constitution_n the_o law_n and_o practice_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o call_v they_o once_o a_o year_n and_o often_o as_o the_o necessity_n and_o exigency_n of_o affair_n either_o of_o peace_n or_o war_n shall_v require_v and_o in_o such_o case_n to_o dissolve_v they_o before_o the_o ardua_fw-la regni_fw-la be_v dispatch_v be_v both_o dangerous_a and_o destructive_a and_o do_v argue_v either_o a_o bad_a constitution_n or_o a_o corruption_n of_o the_o same_o t._n h._n law_n can_v be_v against_o reason_n neither_o be_v it_o the_o letter_n but_o the_o intention_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n that_o be_v the_o law_n and_o this_o reason_n be_v not_o private_a of_o subordinate_a judge_n but_o of_o the_o supreme_a lawgiver_n g._n l._n all_o this_o be_v willing_o grant_v if_o he_o understand_v by_o reason_n not_o the_o mere_a conceit_n or_o will_n of_o the_o sovereign_n but_o that_o reason_n which_o be_v a_o ray_n of_o divine_a wisdom_n shine_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o lawgiver_n regulate_v his_o judgement_n and_o express_v in_o the_o word_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o sense_n of_o a_o law_n give_v by_o a_o learned_a judge_n subordinate_a may_v be_v very_o true_a yet_o not_o authentic_a because_o he_o that_o make_v the_o law_n can_v interpret_v law_n in_o that_o manner_n and_o none_o else_o i_o pass_v by_o his_o discourse_n concern_v promulgation_n and_o interpretation_n of_o law_n as_o also_o the_o qualification_n of_o judge_n which_o belong_v to_o that_o chapter_n of_o officer_n former_o mention_v he_o may_v have_v do_v well_o to_o have_v improve_v these_o excellent_a treatise_n of_o other_o learned_a author_n who_o have_v inform_v we_o both_o more_o accurate_o and_o also_o more_o particular_o of_o these_o thing_n than_o he_o himself_o have_v do_v but_o he_o conject_v himself_o as_o far_o above_o they_o as_o they_o surpass_v ordinary_a man_n neither_o be_v his_o distribution_n of_o law_n worth_a the_o examination_n as_o be_v very_o crude_a and_o indigested_a as_o also_o heterogeneous_a i_o proceed_v therefore_o to_o his_o two_o question_n concern_v what_o assurance_n may_v be_v have_v of_o and_o obedience_n ought_v to_o be_v give_v unto_o divine_a positive_a law_n the_o question_n be_v t._n h._n 1._o how_o can_v a_o man_n without_o supernatural_a revelation_n be_v assure_v of_o the_o revelation_n receive_v by_o the_o declarer_fw-la of_o those_o law_n 2._o how_o can_v he_o be_v bind_v to_o obey_v they_o the_o answer_n to_o the_o first_o by_o sanctity_n miracle_n wisdom_n success_n without_o particular_a revelation_n its_o impossible_a for_o a_o man_n to_o have_v assurance_n of_o a_o revelation_n make_v to_o another_o therefore_o no_o man_n can_v infallible_o know_v by_o natural_a reason_n that_o another_o have_v have_v a_o supernatural_a revelation_n of_o god_n will_n but_o only_o a_o belief_n g._n l._n this_o presuppose_v 1._o that_o there_o be_v a_o positive_a law_n of_o god_n 2._o this_o positive_a law_n be_v declare_v and_o witness_v to_o be_v the_o law_n of_o god_n 3._o that_o this_o testimony_n concern_v this_o law_n be_v divine_a and_o infallible_a 4._o that_o it_o be_v such_o because_o it_o be_v ground_v on_o and_o agreeable_a to_o a_o immediate_a revelation_n from_o god_n of_o that_o law_n to_o he_o that_o do_v declare_v it_o as_o to_o moses_n the_o prophet_n or_o apostle_n for_o god_n former_o speak_v unto_o the_o father_n by_o the_o prophet_n in_o the_o latter_a time_n to_o their_o child_n by_o his_o son_n first_o and_o after_o by_o his_o apostle_n the_o question_n here_o be_v not_o how_o we_o shall_v attain_v a_o demonstrative_a clear_a or_o intuitive_a knowledge_n of_o the_o matter_n of_o the_o law_n nor_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o revelation_n but_o how_o we_o may_v be_v assure_v that_o the_o declaration_n or_o testimony_n of_o he_o to_o who_o the_o revelation_n be_v make_v be_v divine_a that_o we_o may_v believe_v it_o as_o divine_a and_o from_o god_n the_o mean_n whereby_o the_o divinity_n of_o the_o testimony_n be_v make_v evident_a at_o the_o first_o be_v extraordinary_a as_o sign_n wonder_n and_o divers_a miracle_n and_o gift_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n according_a to_o his_o own_o will_n heb._n 2.4_o but_o after_o that_o upon_o these_o divine_a attestation_n the_o gospel_n be_v general_o receive_v in_o all_o nation_n and_o the_o prophecy_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n in_o this_o particular_a fulfil_v these_o cease_v yet_o one_o thing_n
civil_a penalty_n of_o man_n yet_o not_o from_o the_o judgement_n of_o god_n if_o that_o religion_n be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n no_o law_n of_o man_n can_v bind_v above_o much_o less_o against_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o this_o all_o rational_a man_n will_v confess_v austin_n deny_v the_o perfection_n and_o according_a to_o tully_n definition_n the_o very_a be_v of_o a_o commonwealth_n to_o the_o roman_a state_n because_o it_o command_v subjection_n unto_o and_o worship_n of_o devil_n by_o what_o this_o author_n have_v deliver_v christ_n and_o the_o apostle_n be_v make_v guilty_a because_o they_o require_v obedience_n to_o the_o positive_a law_n of_o the_o gospel_n see_v they_o be_v contrary_a to_o all_o civil_a law_n of_o the_o world_n upon_o this_o account_n the_o ruler_n of_o the_o jew_n heathen_a prince_n and_o the_o roman_a emperor_n who_o persecute_v the_o christian_n be_v justifiable_a as_o all_o such_o who_o receive_v the_o christian_a religion_n contrary_a to_o their_o own_o law_n be_v condemnable_a but_o of_o this_o you_o will_v hear_v more_o hereafter_o for_o he_o make_v it_o indifferent_a what_o religion_n any_o man_n profess_v if_o it_o be_v agreeable_a to_o the_o law_n of_o the_o state_n where_o he_o live_v t._n h._n there_o be_v also_o another_o distinction_n of_o law_n into_o fundamental_a and_o not_o fundamental_a but_o i_o can_v never_o see_v in_o any_o author_n what_o a_o fundamental_a law_n signify_v etc._n etc._n a_o fundamental_a law_n be_v that_o by_o which_o the_o subject_n be_v bind_v to_o uphold_v whatsoever_o power_n be_v give_v unto_o the_o sovereign_n etc._n etc._n g._n l._n this_o do_v argue_v his_o ignorance_n in_o politic_n for_o fundamental_a law_n in_o every_o state_n be_v those_o which_o concern_v the_o constitution_n not_o fundamental_a such_o as_o be_v make_v immediate_o to_o regulate_v the_o administration_n the_o former_a be_v such_o as_o can_v be_v alter_v without_o take_v asunder_o and_o disjoint_v the_o very_a frame_n and_o form_n of_o government_n the_o latter_a may_v be_v alter_v and_o yet_o the_o essential_a frame_n may_v stand_v the_o former_a be_v the_o foundation_n of_o a_o state_n the_o latter_a be_v but_o superstruction_n the_o former_a determine_v the_o sovereign_n who_o he_o be_v and_o what_o his_o power_n and_o also_o define_v the_o bound_n of_o the_o liberty_n and_o subjection_n of_o the_o subject_n the_o golden_a bull_n be_v say_v to_o contain_v the_o fundamental_a law_n of_o the_o german_a empire_n as_o the_o salic_a or_o as_o some_o call_v it_o the_o gallic_a of_o exclude_v female_n from_o succession_n to_o the_o crown_n be_v say_v to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o fundamental_o of_o france_n t._n h._n i_o find_v lex_fw-la civilis_fw-la &_o jus_o civil_a promiscuous_o use_v for_o the_o same_o thing_n even_o in_o the_o most_o learned_a author_n which_o nevertheless_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v for_o jus_n be_v liberty_n lex_n be_v obligation_n g._n l._n that_o they_o be_v often_o take_v for_o the_o same_o and_o in_o learned_a author_n be_v certain_a and_o that_o without_o any_o error_n but_o yet_o jus_n do_v not_o proper_o signify_v the_o liberty_n leave_v unto_o we_o by_o the_o law_n but_o id_fw-la quod_fw-la justum_fw-la est_fw-la and_o aught_o to_o be_v the_o matter_n of_o the_o law_n and_o when_o the_o civilian_n take_v jura_n and_o leges_fw-la to_o be_v the_o same_o they_o understand_v by_o jus_n not_o jus_fw-la vagum_fw-la but_o jus_fw-la à_fw-la lege_fw-la determinatum_fw-la for_o the_o law_n determine_v what_o be_v right_a and_o what_o be_v wrong_v and_o in_o this_o sense_n jus_n can_v be_v liberty_n as_o he_o do_v fond_o imagine_v but_o must_v either_o be_v or_o at_o least_o imply_v a_o obligation_n cap._n xi_o of_o the_o second_o part._n the_o 27._o of_o the_o book_n of_o crime_n excuse_n and_o extenuation_n the_o author_n in_o this_o chapter_n be_v methodical_a and_o can_v much_o be_v charge_v with_o error_n or_o misprision_n as_o in_o the_o former_a the_o proper_a place_n for_o crime_n excuse_n extenuation_n and_o aggravation_n be_v next_o to_o that_o of_o law_n for_o as_o the_o apostle_n teach_v we_o where_o there_o be_v no_o law_n there_o be_v no_o transgression_n and_o herein_o the_o author_n of_o politic_n seem_v to_o be_v defective_a because_o though_o they_o treat_v of_o law_n and_o jurisdiction_n yet_o they_o say_v little_a or_o nothing_o of_o crime_n yet_o the_o civilian_n in_o this_o particular_a have_v do_v their_o part_n he_o do_v distinguish_v betwixt_o sin_n and_o crime_n and_o his_o distinction_n may_v be_v allow_v though_o hardly_o in_o politic_n yet_o the_o word_n crime_n in_o learned_a author_n be_v not_o always_o take_v as_o here_o it_o be_v for_o a_o offence_n as_o it_o be_v a_o object_n or_o matter_n of_o judgement_n and_o sometime_o cause_v judicial_a be_v distinguish_v into_o civil_a criminal_a capital_a in_o which_o distinction_n criminal_o be_v only_o one_o sort_n of_o mule_n that_o which_o we_o call_v sin_n in_o divinity_n be_v nothing_o but_o disobedience_n to_o a_o law_n in_o general_n though_o it_o be_v strict_o take_v for_o disobedience_n to_o divine_a law_n disobedience_n be_v a_o anomy_n presuppose_v a_o law_n and_o a_o law_n must_v have_v a_o sovereign_n and_o a_o lawgiver_n and_o there_o can_v be_v no_o violation_n of_o a_o law_n without_o wrong_n unto_o the_o lawgiver_n and_o those_o offence_n be_v most_o heinous_a which_o direct_o oppose_v and_o wrong_v the_o power_n of_o the_o sovereign_n lawful_o constitute_v because_o the_o tend_v to_o the_o rasing_n of_o the_o very_a foundation_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o government_n itself_o such_o be_v deny_v of_o the_o supreme_a power_n resist_v it_o and_o revolt_a from_o it_o so_o as_o to_o be_v sovereign_n ourselves_o or_o independent_a or_o subject_n to_o another_o the_o first_o law_n god_n give_v be_v for_o to_o secure_v his_o sovereignty_n thou_o shall_v have_v no_o other_o god_n but_o i_o as_o the_o septuagint_n do_v well_o and_o true_o turn_v it_o and_o this_o by_o philo_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o commandment_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o supreme_a power_n of_o one_o god_n all_o other_o offence_n be_v against_o the_o law_n of_o administration_n which_o though_o they_o may_v be_v heinous_a yet_o be_v not_o so_o heinous_a as_o those_o former_a against_o the_o institution_n these_o offence_n of_o disobedience_n may_v be_v consider_v either_o with_o reference_n to_o the_o law_n antecedent_n as_o violate_v or_o to_o jurisdiction_n follow_v in_o which_o sense_n the_o author_n handle_v they_o and_o call_v they_o crime_n and_o these_o may_v be_v reduce_v unto_o certain_a head_n as_o they_o have_v be_v by_o civilian_n and_o also_o by_o the_o lawyer_n of_o particular_a state_n yet_o this_o be_v most_o exact_o do_v by_o the_o common-law_n of_o england_n which_o be_v entire_a before_o the_o conquest_n and_o follow_v the_o order_n of_o the_o ten_o commandment_n of_o the_o moral_a law_n of_o god_n thus_o some_o antiquary_n in_o law_n do_v inform_v we_o the_o author_n acquit_v all_o motion_n of_o the_o soul_n antecedent_n to_o a_o deliberate_a consent_n resolution_n and_o intention_n from_o be_v sin_n yet_o this_o i_o can_v do_v it_o be_v certain_a that_o to_o understand_v know_v and_o remember_v that_o which_o be_v evil_a and_o unjust_a can_v be_v sin_n because_o god_n do_v so_o and_o all_o this_o may_v be_v do_v with_o a_o detestation_n of_o it_o yet_o to_o like_v approve_v incline_v unto_o delight_n in_o evil_a thus_o know_v and_o remember_v though_o we_o never_o yield_v a_o deliberate_a or_o any_o formal_a consent_n must_v needs_o argue_v some_o imperfection_n if_o not_o corruption_n in_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n which_o shall_v never_o think_v of_o evil_a but_o with_o hatred_n the_o rest_n of_o the_o chapter_n be_v rational_a if_o right_o understand_v the_o great_a part_n whereof_o be_v take_v up_o in_o that_o of_o aggravation_n wherein_o he_o have_v do_v better_a than_o other_o yet_o he_o be_v far_o short_a of_o some_o who_o have_v both_o more_o large_o and_o also_o accurate_o handle_v that_o point_n out_o of_o scripture_n it_o be_v a_o common_a theme_n of_o casuist_n and_o civilian_n and_o may_v have_v be_v much_o improve_v the_o original_n of_o all_o crime_n and_o offence_n be_v either_o from_o the_o understanding_n or_o the_o will_n not_o the_o passion_n as_o he_o affirm_v from_o the_o understanding_n either_o not_o apprehend_v or_o not_o judge_v aright_o from_o the_o will_v averse_v or_o incline_v another_o way_n by_o reason_n of_o corruption_n ignorance_n and_o error_n be_v from_o defect_n or_o negligence_n or_o wilfulness_n several_o or_o joint_o and_o here_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o more_o of_o mere_a will_n there_o be_v in_o any_o offence_n the_o more_o heinous_a it_o be_v the_o high_a degree_n of_o wilfulness_n be_v in_o obstinacy_n resist_v all_o