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book_n know_v read_v write_v 3,405 5 5.0561 4 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A44824 Examen de ingenios, or, The tryal of wits discovering the great difference of wits among men, and what sort of learning suits best with each genius / published originally in Spanish by Doctor Juan Huartes ; and made English from the most correct edition by Mr. Bellamy.; Examen de ingenios. English Huarte, Juan, 1529?-1588.; Bellamy, Mr. (Edward) 1698 (1698) Wing H3205; ESTC R5885 263,860 544

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as_o insensible_a of_o the_o effect_n they_o produce_v as_o the_o fire_n of_o what_o it_o burn_v and_o the_o cause_n of_o this_o be_v nature_n lead_v they_o so_o that_o they_o can_v fail_v of_o attain_v their_o end_n aristotle_n may_v well_o have_v compare_v they_o to_o some_o animal_n who_o seem_v to_o perform_v all_o their_o action_n with_o a_o show_n of_o reason_n and_o design_n but_o he_o suppose_v these_o animal_n have_v at_o least_o some_o kind_n of_o knowledge_n of_o what_o they_o do_v pass_v to_o inanimate_a agent_n because_o in_o his_o opinion_n these_o though_o not_o wise_a and_o want_v wit_n yet_o operate_v and_o very_o well_o too_o without_o be_v able_a to_o distinguish_v the_o effect_n from_o the_o ultimate_a cause_n this_o difference_n of_o incapacity_n or_o if_o you_o please_v of_o wit_n may_v be_v full_o make_v out_o if_o without_o offence_n to_o any_o i_o be_v permit_v to_o point_n to_o they_o with_o my_o finger_n for_o i_o have_v both_o see_v and_o know_v many_o 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that_o flatter_v he_o with_o the_o same_o change_n in_o the_o disposition_n of_o his_o son_n nay_o he_o himself_o acquaint_v fat●_n we_o that_o xenocrates_n have_v no_o genius_n for_o the_o study_n of_o natural_a and_o moral_a philosophy_n for_o plato_n use_v to_o call_v he_o his_o hopeless_a scholar_n yet_o the_o indefatigable_a diligence_n of_o the_o tutor_n and_o continue_a endeavour_n of_o the_o pupil_n produce_v a_o excellent_a philosopher_n he_o say_v also_o of_o cleanthes_n that_o he_o be_v so_o dull_a and_o stupid_a that_o no_o master_n will_v admit_v he_o to_o his_o school_n which_o shame_v and_o confound_v the_o youth_n to_o such_o a_o degree_n that_o by_o a_o assiduous_a application_n he_o acquire_v the_o name_n of_o a_o second_o hercules_n in_o knowledge_n nor_o be_v there_o the_o least_o hope_n that_o demosthenes_n shall_v ever_o succeed_v in_o eloquence_n who_o as_o author_n affirm_v be_v almost_o a_o man_n before_o he_o can_v speak_v yet_o through_o his_o own_o 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reason_n say_v justo_fw-la plato_n in_o the_o presence_n of_o our_o child_n we_o ought_v never_o to_o talk_v of_o any_o thing_n but_o true_a story_n and_o good_a action_n which_o may_v excite_v they_o to_o virtue_n for_o whatever_o they_o learn_v at_o that_o age_n they_o will_v never_o forget_v quite_o contrary_a to_o art_n galen_n who_o affirm_v the_o proper_a time_n to_o learn_v art_n and_o science_n be_v when_o nature_n have_v attain_v her_o utmost_a force_n which_o be_v not_o agreeable_a to_o reason_n except_o there_o be_v some_o distinction_n make_v whoever_o will_v learn_v latin_a profession_n or_o any_o other_o language_n aught_o to_o do_v it_o in_o his_o tender_a age_n for_o if_o he_o stay_v till_o he_o arrive_v at_o a_o confirm_a maturity_n he_o will_v never_o succeed_v in_o the_o second_o part_n of_o man_n age_n which_o be_v youth_n some_o pain_n shall_v be_v take_v in_o the_o art_n of_o syllogism_n for_o then_o the_o understanding_n begin_v to_o discover_v itself_o which_o 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that_o a_o scholar_n in_o learning_n shall_v never_o have_v more_o than_o one_o book_n in_o which_o be_v clear_o contain_v the_o point_n he_o study_v and_o apply_v himself_o to_o that_o alone_a and_o not_o to_o many_o lest_o he_o shall_v be_v confound_v and_o perplex_v and_o so_o far_o they_o be_v in_o the_o right_n the_o last_o thing_n that_o make_v a_o very_a learned_a man_n be_v to_o spend_v much_o time_n in_o study_n to_o wait_v patient_o its_o digestion_n and_o to_o allow_v it_o good_a settlement_n for_o even_o as_o the_o body_n be_v not_o nourish_v by_o the_o quantity_n of_o what_o we_o eat_v or_o drink_v in_o a_o day_n so_o much_o as_o by_o the_o quality_n of_o it_o when_o it_o be_v assimilate_v and_o digest_v by_o the_o stomach_n so_o our_o understanding_n be_v not_o improve_v by_o the_o great_a deal_n we_o
the_o past_a and_o prudence_n of_o the_o future_a the_o dexterity_n of_o wit_n be_v what_o we_o call_v in_o spanish_a agudeza_n in_o agibilibus_fw-la and_o be_v in_o other_o term_n fineness_n wiliness_n or_o cunning_a and_o craft_n in_o the_o thing_n and_o intrigue_n of_o the_o world_n and_o therefore_o tusculan_a cicero_n say_v that_o prudence_n be_v a_o skill_n which_o have_v a_o certain_a way_n to_o make_v choice_n of_o good_a and_o evil._n man_n of_o great_a understanding_n be_v without_o this_o sort_n of_o prudence_n and_o skill_n because_o they_o want_v imagination_n according_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n that_o great_a scholar_n as_o to_o the_o thing_n appertain_v to_o the_o understanding_n take_v from_o their_o book_n signify_v nothing_o to_o go_v and_o engage_v in_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o world_n galen_n say_v excellent_o well_o that_o this_o sort_n of_o prudence_n proceed_v from_o choler_n dama_n for_o hypocrates_n acquaint_v his_o friend_n damagetes_n with_o the_o 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be_v so_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o there_o be_v a_o time_n to_o find_v out_o by_o art_n to_o which_o difference_n of_o wit_n each_o sort_n of_o science_n in_o particular_a correspond_v to_o the_o end_n that_o every_o one_o may_v distinct_o understand_v after_o have_v first_o discover_v his_o own_o nature_n and_o temperament_n to_o which_o art_n he_o be_v most_o incline_v the_o art_n and_o science_n acquire_v by_o mean_n of_o the_o memory_n be_v these_o follow_v grammar_n latin_n and_o all_o other_o language_n whatever_o the_o theory_n of_o the_o law_n positive_a divinity_n cosmography_n and_o arithmetic_n those_o that_o belong_v to_o the_o understanding_n be_v school_n divinity_n the_o theory_n of_o physic_n logic_n natural_a and_o moral_a philosophy_n the_o practice_n of_o the_o law_n which_o be_v the_o advocate_n science_n from_o a_o good_a invention_n spring_v all_o the_o art_n and_o science_n whatever_o that_o depend_v upon_o figure_n correspondence_n harmony_n and_o proportion_n 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but_o very_o little_a grammar_n as_o little_a logic_n and_o no_o more_o philosophy_n and_o if_o they_o study_v physic_n or_o divinity_n they_o never_o sound_v the_o depth_n of_o any_o difficulty_n and_o therefore_o the_o boy_n that_o can_v draw_v with_o his_o pen_n a_o neat_a limb_v horse_n or_o a_o well-shaped_a man_n and_o make_v fine_a flourish_v and_o bold_a stroke_n shall_v not_o be_v set_v to_o the_o study_n of_o any_o science_n but_o rather_o to_o a_o good_a painter_n who_o by_o his_o art_n may_v improve_v his_o natural_a ability_n to_o read_v well_o and_o with_o a_o good_a grace_n discover_v also_o a_o certain_a kind_n of_o imagination_n and_o if_o it_o be_v to_o any_o great_a degree_n of_o excellence_n he_o shall_v not_o lose_v his_o time_n in_o learning_n but_o only_o think_v of_o get_v his_o livelihood_n by_o read_v of_o process_n now_o here_o be_v a_o thing_n worthy_a of_o consideration_n which_o be_v that_o the_o difference_n of_o imagination_n which_o make_v man_n 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agreeable_o who_o be_v witty_a in_o expression_n and_o know_v how_o to_o droll_fw-fr well_o have_v a_o certain_a difference_n of_o imagination_n very_o contrary_a to_o the_o understanding_n and_o memory_n therefore_o they_o be_v never_o good_a grammarian_n logician_n school-divines_a physician_n nor_o lawyer_n if_o they_o be_v practise_v in_o business_n and_o in_o the_o intrigue_n of_o the_o world_n dextrous_a in_o accomplish_v whatever_o they_o undertake_v ready_a at_o every_o turn_v to_o speak_v and_o to_o answer_v to_o the_o point_n they_o be_v fit_a for_o the_o court_n and_o to_o be_v solicitor_n and_o attorney_n in_o cause_n for_o merchant_n and_o factor_n to_o buy_v and_o sell_v but_o not_o for_o learning_n herein_o the_o vulgar_a be_v deceive_v who_o observe_v they_o so_o practise_v in_o every_o thing_n imagine_v straight_o they_o will_v have_v prove_v singular_a man_n have_v they_o be_v bring_v up_o to_o learning_n when_o in_o truth_n there_o be_v no_o genius_n more_o repugnant_a and_o more_o contrary_a to_o it_o than_o they_o child_n that_o arrive_v late_a at_o the_o use_n of_o speech_n have_v in_o their_o tongue_n and_o brain_n too_o much_o moisture_n which_o as_o it_o wear_v off_o in_o tract_n of_o time_n they_o become_v very_o fluent_a and_o great_a talker_n because_o of_o the_o great_a memory_n they_o acquire_v as_o their_o moisture_n be_v abate_v which_o as_o we_o former_o note_v once_o happen_v to_o that_o celebrate_a orator_n demosthenes_n at_o who_o as_o we_o have_v say_v cicero_n be_v surprise_v be_v of_o so_o rude_a a_o speech_n in_o his_o youth_n and_o when_o a_o grow_v man_n so_o very_o eloquent_a young_a man_n also_o who_o have_v a_o good_a voice_n and_o have_v by_o exercise_n dilate_v the_o passage_n of_o their_o throat_n be_v very_o unfit_a for_o all_o the_o science_n because_o they_o be_v cold_a and_o moist_a which_o two_o quality_n unite_v together_o as_o we_o have_v already_o affirm_v destroy_v the_o rational_a part._n the_o 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natural_a to_o the_o french_a italian_n german_n english_a and_o to_o all_o the_o other_o northern_a people_n as_o appear_v in_o their_o work_n for_o no_o soon_o do_v we_o see_v a_o book_n write_v in_o good_a latin_a but_o know_v the_o author_n be_v a_o foreigner_n and_o when_o we_o meet_v one_o of_o barbarous_a and_o unpolished_a latin_a we_o conclude_v it_o be_v compose_v by_o a_o spaniard_n the_o three_o problem_n be_v why_o the_o thing_n that_o be_v write_v and_o speak_v in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n sound_v better_o have_v more_o force_n more_o grandeur_n and_o eloquence_n than_o in_o any_o other_o tongue_n though_o never_o so_o good_a see_v as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o all_o language_n be_v owe_v to_o the_o caprice_n and_o humour_n of_o those_o that_o invent_v they_o without_o have_v any_o foundation_n in_o nature_n the_o four_o objection_n be_v how_o it_o can_v be_v reconcile_v that_o all_o the_o science_n belong_v
livelyness_n of_o the_o orator_n flag_n extreme_o when_o they_o be_v commit_v to_o write_v or_o come_v once_o to_o be_v read_v the_o reason_n of_o which_o be_v that_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o represent_v with_o the_o pen_n the_o action_n and_o gesture_n which_o give_v it_o all_o the_o advantage_n in_o the_o pulpit_n there_o be_v other_o sermon_n go_v off_o better_o in_o read_v and_o will_v not_o bear_v preach_v without_o book_n because_o action_n require_v by_o some_o passage_n therein_o be_v want_v which_o occasion_v apolog_n plato_n to_o say_v that_o the_o style_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o speak_v be_v very_o different_a from_o that_o in_o write_v well_o and_o for_o this_o reason_n we_o see_v abundance_n of_o man_n who_o talk_v very_o well_o write_v ill_o and_o other_o on_o the_o contrary_n write_v very_o well_o and_o talk_v ill_a all_o which_o be_v to_o be_v refer_v to_o action_n which_o without_o doubt_n be_v a_o work_n of_o the_o imagination_n since_o all_o that_o we_o have_v say_v of_o it_o carry_v with_o it_o figure_n correspondence_n and_o good_a consonance_n the_o five_o property_n a_o orator_n ought_v to_o have_v be_v to_o know_v how_o to_o apply_v well_o and_o bring_v proper_a instance_n and_o good_a allusion_n which_o take_v with_o the_o auditory_a more_o than_o any_o thing_n else_o for_o what_o be_v teach_v by_o a_o good_a example_n be_v easy_o understand_v and_o without_o that_o all_o fly_n over_o their_o head_n according_o aristotle_n demand_n iii_o why_o those_o that_o hear_v orator_n take_v more_o pleasure_n in_o example_n and_o fable_n bring_v to_o prove_v what_o they_o will_v persuade_v than_o in_o the_o argument_n and_o reason_n they_o produce_v to_o which_o he_o answer_v that_o by_o example_n and_o fable_n man_n learn_v best_a because_o it_o be_v a_o proof_n that_o regard_v the_o sense_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o with_o argument_n and_o reason_n for_o to_o be_v capable_a of_o they_o require_v a_o large_a understanding_n therefore_o jesus_n christ_n our_o redeemer_n make_v use_v of_o so_o many_o parable_n and_o comparison_n in_o his_o discourse_n because_o by_o their_o mean_n he_o make_v many_o divine_a secret_n better_a understand_v but_o this_o be_v certain_a the_o invention_n of_o parable_n and_o allusion_n be_v the_o work_n of_o the_o imagination_n because_o as_o we_o have_v already_o often_o say_v the_o same_o carry_v figure_n good_a correspondence_n and_o similitude_n the_o six_o property_n of_o a_o good_a orator_n be_v that_o his_o language_n be_v good_a proper_a and_o without_o any_o affectation_n that_o he_o use_v refine_v term_n and_o many_o quaint_a and_o free_a expression_n without_o be_v dull_a which_o grace_n we_o have_v heretofore_o often_o treat_v of_o and_o prove_v they_o in_o part_n to_o pertain_v to_o the_o imagination_n and_o in_o part_n to_o a_o good_a memory_n the_o seven_o property_n that_o make_v a_o good_a orator_n be_v contain_v in_o these_o word_n of_o cicero_n that_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v furnish_v with_o a_o good_a voice_n a_o free_a action_n and_o a_o natural_a gracefulness_n a_o voice_n say_v i_o clear_a and_o well-sounding_a tuneable_a to_o the_o auditory_a not_o harsh_a hoarse_a nor_o too_o squeak_a and_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o this_o proceed_v from_o the_o temperament_n of_o the_o breast_n and_o throat_n and_o not_o from_o the_o imagination_n yet_o sure_o it_o be_v that_o from_o the_o same_o temperament_n from_o which_o be_v derive_v a_o good_a imagination_n which_o be_v heat_n come_v also_o a_o good_a voice_n which_o fall_v out_o altogether_o to_o our_o purpose_n for_o the_o school-divines_a be_v of_o a_o cold_a and_o dry_a temperament_n can_v have_v the_o organ_n of_o the_o voice_n good_a which_o be_v a_o great_a advantage_n in_o the_o pulpit_n xxxiv_o aristotle_n prove_v this_o from_o the_o instance_n of_o old_a man_n who_o be_v cold_a and_o dry_a for_o to_o have_v a_o clear_a and_o full_a voice_n require_v much_o heat_n to_o dilate_v the_o passage_n and_o a_o moderate_a moisture_n to_o supple_a and_o soften_v they_o therefore_o the_o same_o lxv_o aristotle_n ask_v why_o those_o who_o be_v of_o a_o hot_a nature_n be_v all_o big_a voice_v and_o we_o learn_v the_o same_o truth_n by_o experience_n of_o the_o contrary_a in_o woman_n and_o eunuch_n which_o through_o the_o excessive_a coldness_n of_o their_o constitution_n as_o xvi_o galen_n say_v have_v a_o very_a strait_a throat_n and_o a_o very_a shrill_a voice_n so_o that_o when_o we_o hear_v any_o good_a voice_n we_o may_v immediate_o affirm_v it_o spring_n from_o the_o great_a heat_n and_o moisture_n of_o the_o breast_n which_o two_o quality_n when_o they_o mount_v up_o to_o the_o brain_n destroy_v the_o understanding_n but_o improve_v the_o memory_n and_o imagination_n which_o be_v the_o two_o power_n make_v use_v of_o by_o good_a preacher_n to_o take_v with_o their_o auditory_a the_o eight_o property_n of_o a_o good_a orator_n as_o orat._n cicero_n say_v be_v to_o have_v a_o tongue_n well-hung_a glib_a and_o well-practised_a which_o be_v a_o gift_n that_o can_v light_v on_o man_n of_o great_a understanding_n for_o to_o be_v so_o ready_a there_o be_v require_v much_o heat_n and_o a_o moderate_a dryness_n which_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v among_o the_o melancholic_a whether_o naturally_n or_o by_o adustion_n aristotle_n prove_v it_o in_o ask_v this_o question_n xxxviii_o why_o those_o who_o have_v a_o impediment_n in_o their_o speech_n be_v hold_v all_o to_o be_v of_o a_o melancholy_a complexion_n to_o which_o problem_n he_o answer_v in_o my_o opinion_n very_o ill_o say_v the_o melancholic_a have_v a_o very_a strong_a imagination_n and_o that_o their_o tongue_n can_v walk_v fast_o enough_o for_o the_o thing_n their_o imagination_n dictate_v which_o occasion_n they_o to_o trip_v in_o their_o speech_n and_o stammer_v but_o this_o come_v not_o from_o thence_o but_o rather_o from_o this_o that_o the_o melancholic_a have_v always_o abundance_n of_o froth_n and_o hospital_n in_o their_o mouth_n through_o which_o disposition_n they_o have_v a_o moist_a tongue_n and_o slippery_a a_o thing_n easy_a to_o be_v discern_v consider_v that_o such_o be_v observe_v to_o be_v great_a spitter_n aristotle_n himself_o give_v this_o very_a reason_n when_o he_o inquire_v ●ii_n why_o some_o hesitate_n and_o stammer_v in_o speak_v to_o which_o he_o answer_v that_o they_o have_v a_o very_a cold_a and_o moist_a tongue_n which_o be_v two_o quality_n that_o render_v it_o heavy_a and_o as_o it_o be_v paralitic_a so_o that_o it_o can_v follow_v the_o imagination_n fast_o enough_o to_o remedy_v which_o he_o say_v it_o be_v good_a to_o drink_v a_o little_a wine_n or_o before_o they_o appear_v to_o discourse_v in_o presence_n of_o the_o auditory_a to_o clear_v the_o voice_n by_o hollow_v for_o thereby_o the_o tongue_n get_v heat_n and_o dry_v aristotle_n affirm_v also_o that_o this_o defect_n of_o not_o speak_v plain_n may_v arise_v from_o too_o much_o heat_n and_o dryness_n in_o the_o tongue_n which_o he_o prove_v by_o a_o instance_n of_o the_o choleric_a who_o in_o the_o height_n of_o their_o passion_n can_v speak_v a_o word_n but_o when_o they_o be_v not_o vex_v or_o provoke_v be_v very_o eloquent_a on_o the_o contrary_a some_o flegmatic_a man_n who_o can_v hardly_o speak_v unprovoke_v when_o they_o be_v once_o heat_v deliver_v very_o elegant_a discourse_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v manifest_a for_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o heat_n speed_v the_o imagination_n and_o the_o tongue_n also_o yet_o this_o heat_n may_v so_o exceed_v that_o it_o may_v destroy_v the_o imagination_n and_o hinder_v it_o from_o find_v sharp_a word_n and_o subtle_a answer_n and_o cause_v the_o tongue_n not_o to_o articulate_v from_o a_o over_o great_a dryness_n as_o we_o see_v from_o drink_v a_o little_a water_n a_o man_n speak_v the_o better_a the_o choleric_a unmoved_a speak_v well_o and_o ready_o because_o they_o then_o have_v the_o degree_n of_o heat_n requisite_a to_o the_o tongue_n and_o to_o a_o good_a imagination_n but_o be_v put_v into_o a_o passion_n the_o heat_n rise_v a_o degree_n high_o than_o it_o ought_v and_o perturb_v the_o imagination_n the_o flegmatic_a be_v unprovoke_v have_v a_o very_a cold_a and_o moist_a brain_n whence_o nothing_o offer_v to_o their_o speech_n and_o their_o tongue_n be_v relax_v with_o too_o much_o moisture_n but_o when_o they_o be_v vex_v and_o their_o gall_n once_o stir_v the_o heat_n get_v a_o degree_n and_o quicken_v their_o imagination_n which_o occasion_n much_o to_o offer_v to_o be_v say_v and_o their_o tongue_n be_v free_v from_o impediment_n when_o once_o it_o be_v heat_v such_o have_v no_o good_a talon_n in_o versify_a for_o they_o be_v cold_a of_o brain_n but_o when_o they_o be_v heat_v they_o make_v better_a verse_n and_o with_o more_o ease_n against_o those_o that_o nettle_n they_o to_o which_o purpose_n
in_o clear_a word_n not_o equivocal_a obscure_a or_o of_o divers_a sense_n without_o cipher_n or_o abbreviation_n but_o so_o obvious_a and_o manifest_a that_o whoever_o read_v they_o may_v ready_o understand_v and_o bear_v they_o in_o mind_n and_o because_o none_o may_v plead_v ignorance_n of_o they_o they_o be_v appoint_v to_o be_v open_o proclaim_v that_o whoever_o break_v they_o may_v be_v punish_v in_o respect_n therefore_o of_o the_o care_n and_o diligence_n observe_v by_o good_a legislator_n that_o their_o law_n shall_v be_v just_a and_o clear_a judge_n and_o advocate_n have_v give_v they_o in_o charge_n that_o in_o action_n therefrom_o or_o judgement_n none_o of_o they_o shall_v abound_v in_o their_o own_o sense_n but_o be_v direct_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o law_n that_o be_v to_o say_v not_o to_o dispute_v if_o the_o law_n be_v just_o or_o unjust_a nor_o to_o give_v it_o any_o other_o sense_n than_o it_o natural_o bear_v according_a to_o the_o letter_n from_o which_o it_o follow_v that_o the_o lawyer_n be_v to_o keep_v close_o to_o the_o text_n of_o the_o law_n and_o take_v the_o meaning_n which_o be_v draw_v from_o thence_o and_o no_o other_o this_o doctrine_n be_v suppose_v it_o be_v easy_a to_o understand_v whence_o the_o lawyer_n be_v call_v letrado_n and_o other_o letter_a man_n not_o so_o which_o be_v to_o say_v he_o be_v a_o letra_fw-mi dado_fw-es tie_v to_o the_o letter_n a_o man_n that_o be_v not_o leave_v at_o liberty_n to_o judge_v according_a to_o his_o own_o understanding_n but_o be_v oblige_v to_o follow_v the_o very_a letter_n which_o have_v be_v so_o construe_v by_o those_o who_o be_v the_o best_a practise_a in_o this_o profession_n they_o dare_v neither_o affirm_v nor_o deny_v any_o thing_n concern_v the_o decision_n of_o any_o case_n if_o they_o have_v not_o before_o they_o the_o law_n decide_v it_o in_o express_a term_n and_o if_o at_o any_o time_n they_o advance_v any_o thing_n of_o their_o own_o head_n interpose_v their_o own_o authority_n and_o reason_n without_o sound_v it_o on_o the_o law_n they_o do_v it_o not_o without_o doubt_v and_o modesty_n and_o according_o we_o have_v a_o common_a proverb_n erubescimus_fw-la dum_fw-la sine_fw-la lege_fw-la loquimur_fw-la import_v that_o we_o be_v ashamed_a to_o judge_v and_o advise_v where_o we_o have_v not_o the_o law_n before_o we_o that_o determine_v the_o matter_n the_o divine_n can_v be_v call_v in_o this_o sense_n letrados_n learned_a because_o in_o holy_a writ_n iii_o the_o letter_n kill_v but_o the_o spirit_n give_v life_n that_o be_v full_a of_o mystery_n and_o abound_v with_o figure_n dark_a and_o not_o obvious_a to_o every_o understanding_n its_o term_n and_o manner_n of_o speech_n of_o a_o very_a remote_a signification_n from_o that_o give_v by_o those_o skill_v in_o the_o three_o vulgar_a tongue_n therefore_o he_o that_o interpret_v it_o according_a to_o the_o letter_n and_o take_v the_o sense_n that_o be_v draw_v from_o the_o grammatical_a 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faculty_n relate_v to_o the_o memory_n and_o all_o they_o have_v to_o do_v be_v to_o know_v the_o number_n of_o the_o law_n and_o the_o rule_n of_o right_a and_o to_o bear_v in_o mind_n each_o in_o particular_a by_o heart_n to_o reduce_v to_o head_n every_o case_n and_o its_o determination_n to_o the_o end_n that_o as_o any_o case_n occur_v he_o may_v know_v what_o law_n determine_v it_o and_o in_o what_o manner_n therefore_o it_o seem_v to_o i_o that_o the_o best_a difference_n of_o wit_n for_o a_o lawyer_n be_v to_o have_v a_o great_a memory_n and_o a_o small_a understanding_n rather_o than_o much_o understanding_n and_o little_a memory_n for_o if_o he_o be_v not_o to_o make_v use_n of_o his_o wit_n and_o ability_n but_o must_v have_v regard_n to_o the_o great_a number_n of_o law_n as_o they_o be_v so_o distinguish_v from_o each_o other_o with_o so_o many_o exception_n restriction_n and_o enlargement_n it_o be_v more_o to_o the_o purpose_n to_o have_v by_o heart_n what_o be_v determine_v by_o the_o law_n in_o each_o case_n that_o occur_v than_o to_o discourse_n or_o reason_n after_o what_o manner_n it_o ought_v to_o be_v determine_v for_o one_o be_v necessary_a and_o the_o other_o impertinent_a no_o other_o opinion_n be_v sufficient_a to_o carry_v the_o point_n but_o the_o decision_n of_o the_o law_n so_o that_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o the_o theory_n of_o the_o law_n belong_v to_o the_o memory_n and_o not_o to_o the_o understanding_n or_o imagination_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o law_n be_v so_o entire_o positive_a and_o the_o lawyer_n have_v their_o understanding_n so_o determine_v by_o the_o will_n of_o the_o ligislator_n that_o they_o can_v interpose_v their_o own_o opinion_n but_o where_o they_o be_v in_o doubt_n what_o the_o law_n have_v declare_v when_o their_o client_n consult_v they_o they_o be_v allow_v to_o say_v i_o will_v look_v for_o the_o case_n in_o my_o book_n which_o shall_v the_o physician_n say_v when_o they_o come_v for_o cure_n of_o any_o disease_n or_o a_o divine_a in_o a_o case_n of_o conscience_n they_o will_v pass_v for_o man_n of_o small_a ability_n in_o their_o profession_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o be_v that_o these_o two_o last_o science_n have_v their_o definition_n and_o principle_n universal_a under_o which_o particular_a case_n be_v contain_v but_o in_o the_o faculty_n of_o the_o law_n each_o law_n contain_v only_o one_o case_n the_o follow_a law_n not_o depend_v on_o it_o though_o they_o be_v place_v both_o under_o one_o and_o the_o same_o title_n wherefore_o it_o be_v necessary_a to_o have_v notice_n of_o all_o the_o law_n to_o study_v each_o in_o particular_a and_o to_o lay_v they_o up_o all_o distinct_o in_o the_o memory_n however_o against_o this_o doctrine_n plato_n observe_v a_o thing_n very_o considerable_a which_o be_v that_o in_o his_o time_n that_o lawyer_n be_v suspect_v that_o know_v much_o law_n by_o heart_n find_v by_o experience_n they_o never_o make_v such_o good_a judge_n and_o pleader_n as_o their_o ostentation_n promise_v of_o which_o without_o doubt_n he_o reach_v not_o the_o cause_n since_o he_o say_v nothing_o of_o it_o in_o so_o proper_a a_o place_n only_o he_o see_v by_o experience_n that_o the_o lawyer_n of_o great_a memory_n be_v to_o defend_v a_o cause_n or_o give_v their_o opinion_n in_o it_o apply_v not_o the_o law_n so_o well_o as_o become_v they_o the_o reason_n or_o cause_n of_o this_o effect_n be_v not_o hard_a to_o assign_v from_o this_o doctrine_n suppose_v that_o the_o memory_n be_v contrary_a to_o the_o understanding_n and_o that_o the_o true_a interpretation_n of_o the_o law_n to_o amplify_v to_o restrain_v and_o to_o analyse_v they_o with_o their_o contrary_n and_o their_o context_n be_v do_v by_o distinguish_v conclude_a argue_v judge_a and_o choose_v which_o work_v as_o we_o have_v often_o say_v already_o be_v act_n of_o the_o understanding_n and_o for_o the_o lawyer_n of_o a_o great_a memory_n it_o be_v scarce_o possible_a he_o shall_v possess_v they_o we_o have_v note_v elsewhere_o that_o the_o memory_n seem_v to_o have_v no_o other_o office_n in_o the_o head_n than_o the_o trust_n to_o preserve_v the_o figure_n and_o idea_n of_o thing_n and_o that_o the_o understanding_n and_o imagination_n be_v power_n that_o work_v with_o they_o so_o as_o if_o the_o lawyer_n have_v his_o whole_a art_n in_o his_o memory_n and_o yet_o be_v want_v in_o understanding_n and_o imagination_n he_o will_v no_o more_o be_v able_a to_o judge_n or_o plead_v a_o cause_n than_o the_o code_n or_o digest_v itself_o which_o though_o they_o contain_v all_o the_o law_n and_o rule_n of_o right_a yet_o know_v not_o how_o to_o write_v ever_o a_o letter_n in_o the_o book_n furthermore_o though_o it_o be_v true_a that_o the_o law_n ought_v to_o be_v such_o as_o its_o definition_n import_v yet_o be_v it_o no_o less_o than_o a_o
not_o so_o many_o expedient_n to_o represent_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o law_n to_o the_o understanding_n yet_o the_o law_n be_v so_o ground_v upon_o right_a reason_n that_o the_o ancient_n as_o plato_n report_v call_v the_o law_n itself_o by_o the_o name_n of_o prudence_n and_o reason_n so_o that_o the_o judge_n or_o pleader_n that_o be_v furnish_v with_o a_o good_a understanding_n when_o he_o be_v judge_v or_o give_v his_o opinion_n though_o he_o have_v not_o the_o law_n before_o he_o shall_v yet_o commit_v few_o error_n because_o he_o have_v with_o he_o the_o instrument_n make_v use_v of_o by_o the_o emperor_n in_o form_v the_o law_n themselves_o according_o we_o see_v it_o often_o happen_v that_o a_o judge_n be_v a_o man_n of_o ready_a wit_n pronounce_v a_o good_a sentence_n without_o know_v the_o decision_n of_o the_o law_n and_o afterward_o find_v the_o same_o so_o answer_v in_o his_o book_n and_o this_o we_o see_v happen_v also_o to_o pleader_n when_o they_o give_v their_o opinion_n in_o a_o case_n without_o study_v the_o law_n and_o the_o rule_n of_o right_o well_o consider_v be_v the_o spring_n and_o source_n whence_o the_o pleader_n draw_v their_o argument_n and_o reason_n to_o prove_v what_o they_o pretend_v which_o work_n for_o certain_a be_v perform_v by_o the_o understanding_n of_o which_o power_n if_o the_o pleader_n be_v unprovided_a or_o have_v it_o in_o a_o very_a low_a degree_n he_o will_v never_o have_v skill_n to_o form_v a_o argument_n though_o he_o know_v all_o the_o law_n by_o rote_n we_o see_v plain_o that_o this_o befall_v those_o that_o study_v the_o art_n of_o rhetoric_n want_v the_o ability_n proper_a for_o it_o that_o though_o they_o learn_v without_o book_n the_o topic_n of_o cicero_n which_o be_v the_o fountain_n whence_o flow_v the_o argument_n that_o be_v to_o prove_v each_o problem_n by_o the_o affirmative_a and_o negative_a yet_o they_o never_o know_v how_o to_o raise_v a_o argument_n and_o other_o of_o great_a wit_n and_o ability_n there_o be_v who_o without_o see_v a_o book_n or_o learn_v the_o topic_n raise_v a_o thousand_o argument_n accommodate_v to_o the_o case_n in_o question_n the_o same_o come_v to_o pass_v in_o lawyer_n of_o good_a memory_n who_o can_v recite_v the_o whole_a text_n of_o the_o law_n very_o faithful_o and_o yet_o out_o of_o the_o vast_a body_n of_o law_n know_v not_o how_o to_o draw_v one_o argument_n to_o ground_n their_o opinion_n upon_o on_o the_o other_o hand_n there_o be_v other_o who_o never_o study_v hard_o at_o salamanca_n and_o yet_o without_o pore_v on_o book_n or_o take_v their_o degree_n work_v wonder_n when_o they_o come_v to_o plead_v a_o cause_n hence_o we_o understand_v how_o much_o it_o import_v the_o commonwealth_n that_o there_o shall_v be_v a_o choice_n and_o trial_n of_o wit_n fit_a for_o the_o science_n since_o there_o be_v some_o who_o without_o art_n understand_v what_o ever_o they_o be_v to_o do_v and_o other_o with_o a_o cartload_n of_o precept_n and_o rule_n commit_v a_o thousand_o absurdity_n because_o they_o have_v not_o the_o disposition_n which_o the_o practice_n require_v so_o than_o if_o to_o judge_n and_o plead_v be_v to_o be_v perform_v by_o distinguish_v conclude_v argue_v and_o choose_v it_o stand_v with_o reason_n that_o he_o who_o apply_v himself_o to_o the_o study_n of_o the_o law_n shall_v be_v furnish_v with_o a_o good_a understanding_n since_o these_o work_n be_v the_o effect_n of_o that_o power_n and_o not_o of_o the_o memory_n or_o imagination_n how_o to_o find_v whether_o the_o youth_n have_v this_o difference_n of_o wit_n or_o no_o be_v worth_a know_v but_o it_o will_v be_v fit_a beforehand_o to_o distinguish_v the_o quality_n possess_v by_o the_o understanding_n and_o how_o many_o difference_n it_o embrace_v to_o the_o end_n we_o may_v know_v more_o distinct_o to_o which_o of_o these_o difference_n the_o study_n of_o the_o law_n belong_v as_o to_o the_o first_o it_o be_v to_o be_v note_v that_o though_o the_o understanding_n be_v the_o most_o noble_a faculty_n in_o man_n and_o of_o the_o great_a dignity_n yet_o be_v there_o not_o any_o that_o be_v so_o easy_o lead_v into_o error_n about_o truth_n as_o that_o iii_o aristotle_n attempt_v to_o prove_v it_o affirm_v that_o the_o sense_n be_v ever_o true_a but_o that_o for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o understanding_n reason_v ill_o which_o be_v plain_o see_v by_o experience_n for_o be_v it_o not_o so_o among_o the_o divine_n the_o physician_n the_o lawyer_n and_o philosopher_n there_o will_v not_o be_v so_o many_o dissension_n so_o divers_a opinion_n such_o variety_n of_o judgement_n and_o conceit_n upon_o every_o point_n there_o be_v no_o more_o than_o one_o truth_n whence_o it_o arise_v that_o the_o sense_n have_v so_o great_a a_o certainty_n in_o their_o object_n and_o that_o the_o understanding_n be_v so_o easy_a to_o be_v impose_v upon_o on_o its_o part_n be_v not_o hard_a to_o conceive_v if_o it_o be_v consider_v that_o the_o object_n of_o the_o five_o sense_n and_o the_o species_n by_o which_o the_o object_n be_v know_v have_v a_o real_a firm_a and_o stable_n be_v by_o nature_n before_o they_o be_v know_v but_o what_o truth_n the_o understanding_n have_v to_o speculate_v if_o the_o understanding_n do_v not_o give_v it_o a_o frame_n and_o fashion_n have_v no_o formal_a be_v of_o its_o own_o all_o lie_v disperse_v and_o loose_a in_o the_o material_n like_o a_o house_n resolve_v into_o stone_n earth_n timber_n and_o tile_n with_o which_o so_o many_o error_n may_v be_v commit_v in_o building_n as_o there_o be_v man_n that_o undertake_v to_o rebuild_a it_o with_o a_o ill_a imagination_n the_o same_o thing_n happen_v in_o the_o building_n raise_v by_o the_o understanding_n in_o frame_v of_o a_o truth_n for_o all_o except_o those_o that_o have_v a_o good_a wit_n will_v commit_v a_o thousand_o absurdity_n with_o the_o selfsame_a principle_n hence_o come_v that_o great_a diversity_n of_o opinion_n find_v among_o man_n concern_v the_o same_o thing_n for_o every_o one_o give_v it_o a_o form_n and_o figure_n according_a to_o his_o understanding_n from_o these_o error_n and_o opinion_n be_v the_o five_o sense_n exempt_a for_o neither_o the_o eye_n make_v the_o colour_n nor_o the_o taste_v the_o savour_n nor_o the_o touch_v the_o tangible_a quality_n but_o the_o whole_a be_v order_v and_o compound_v by_o nature_n before_o any_o one_o of_o the_o sense_n know_v its_o object_n because_o man_n be_v not_o well_o acquaint_v with_o this_o wretched_a condition_n of_o the_o understanding_n they_o so_o confident_o give_v their_o opinion_n without_o know_v certain_o what_o kind_n of_o wit_n they_o be_v whether_o it_o form_v the_o truth_n well_o or_o ill_o and_o if_o it_o be_v not_o so_o let_v we_o ask_v some_o man_n of_o letter_n who_o after_o they_o have_v write_v down_o and_o confirm_v their_o opinion_n with_o many_o argument_n and_o reason_n and_o have_v after_o change_v their_o sentiment_n and_o opinion_n at_o another_o time_n when_o or_o how_o they_o can_v be_v assure_v that_o they_o have_v find_v out_o the_o truth_n at_o last_o the_o first_o time_n as_o they_o themselves_o confess_v they_o have_v fail_v see_v they_o unsay_v all_o that_o they_o say_v before_o and_o for_o the_o second_o i_o affirm_v that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v yet_o more_o distrustful_a of_o their_o understanding_n because_o they_o be_v to_o suspect_v that_o that_o power_n which_o already_o once_o so_o ill_o frame_v the_o truth_n in_o confidence_n of_o its_o argument_n and_o reason_n may_v yet_o again_o slide_v into_o error_n when_o it_o be_v support_v by_o the_o same_o reason_n more_o especial_o because_o it_o be_v often_o see_v by_o experience_n that_o the_o first_o opinion_n be_v more_o probable_a and_o the_o latter_a they_o take_v up_o with_o be_v worse_a and_o less_o probable_a they_o think_v it_o a_o sufficient_a token_n that_o their_o understanding_n light_v upon_o the_o truth_n when_o they_o perceive_v it_o enamour_v of_o such_o a_o figure_n and_o that_o there_o want_v not_o argument_n and_o motive_n to_o move_v it_o to_o conclude_v in_o that_o sort_n but_o in_o effect_v this_o be_v a_o fallacy_n because_o there_o be_v the_o same_o correspondence_n between_o their_o understanding_n and_o its_o false_a notion_n as_o there_o be_v in_o each_o of_o the_o other_o inferior_a power_n with_o regard_n to_o their_o object_n for_o if_o we_o ask_v the_o physician_n what_o meat_n be_v best_a and_o most_o aliment_n savoury_a of_o all_o in_o use_n among_o man_n i_o believe_v they_o will_v answer_v there_o be_v not_o any_o that_o for_o distemper_a man_n and_o weak_a stomach_n that_o be_v absolute_o good_a or_o bad_a but_o that_o it_o be_v such_o as_o the_o stomach_n that_o receive_v it_o since_o there_o be_v stomach_n according_a to_o i._n galen_n say_v that_o
by_o the_o woman_n else_o her_o seed_n be_v ill_o temper_v impede_v generation_n therefore_o it_o be_v convenient_a that_o they_o shall_v both_o wait_v that_o both_o their_o seed_n may_v meet_v and_o mingle_v which_o be_v of_o great_a importance_n for_o the_o first_o effort_n because_o the_o right_a testicle_n and_o its_o spermatic_a vessel_n in_o the_o opinion_n of_o v._n galen_n be_v that_o which_o first_o provoke_v and_o emit_v its_o seed_n soon_o than_o the_o left_a and_o if_o the_o generation_n be_v not_o the_o first_o time_n it_o be_v odds_o the_o second_o may_v give_v a_o girl_n and_o not_o a_o boy_n these_o two_o seed_n be_v know_v first_o by_o the_o heat_n and_o cold_a second_o by_o the_o great_a or_o little_a quantity_n three_o in_o this_o that_o one_o issue_v ready_a than_o tother_o the_o seed_n of_o the_o right_a testicle_n pass_v very_o tickle_v and_o be_v so_o hot_a that_o it_o burn_v the_o woman_n matrix_fw-la be_v not_o much_o in_o quantity_n and_o pass_v in_o haste_n on_o the_o contrary_a the_o seed_n of_o the_o left_a testicle_n be_v more_o temperate_a in_o great_a quantity_n and_o long_o in_o issue_v be_v cold_a and_o thick_a the_o last_o condition_n be_v to_o procure_v that_o the_o seed_n of_o both_o shall_v fall_v on_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o matrix_fw-la because_o in_o that_o place_n say_v xlviii_o hypocrates_n the_o male_n be_v form_v as_o the_o female_n on_o the_o left_a galen_n assign_v the_o reason_n hereof_o say_v that_o the_o right_a side_n of_o the_o matrix_fw-la be_v very_o hot_a because_o of_o its_o neighbourhood_n to_o the_o liver_n reign_v and_o spermatic_a vessel_n that_o be_v on_o the_o right_a side_n which_o part_n we_o have_v affirm_v and_o prove_v to_o be_v very_o hot_a and_o since_o all_o the_o reason_n to_o order_v that_o a_o boy_n may_v be_v beget_v consist_v in_o this_o that_o it_o have_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o heat_n in_o the_o time_n of_o its_o conception_n it_o be_v certain_a it_o much_o import_v that_o the_o seed_n fall_v in_o this_o place_n which_o the_o woman_n can_v easy_o do_v lie_v upon_o her_o right_a side_n after_o her_o husband_n embrace_n with_o her_o head_n low_a and_o her_o foot_n raise_v but_o she_o must_v keep_v her_o bed_n a_o day_n or_o two_o because_o the_o matrix_fw-la embrace_v not_o the_o seed_n but_o after_o some_o time_n the_o sign_n of_o know_v whether_o a_o woman_n be_v with_o child_n or_o no_o be_v clear_a and_o manifest_a to_o all_o for_o if_o when_o she_o stand_v up_o the_o seed_n fall_v present_o down_o galen_n say_v she_o have_v not_o conceive_v therefore_o in_o this_o there_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o be_v consider_v that_o all_o the_o seed_n be_v not_o fruitful_a and_o prolific_a for_o part_n thereof_o be_v waterish_a who_o office_n be_v to_o dilute_v the_o principal_a seed_n that_o it_o may_v pierce_v the_o narrow_a passage_n and_o this_o be_v that_o which_o nature_n emit_v and_o it_o remain_v after_o conception_n with_o the_o prolific_a part_n it_o be_v know_v when_o it_o be_v like_a water_n and_o in_o little_a quantity_n to_o stand_v upon_o her_o leg_n immediate_o after_o couple_v be_v very_o dangerous_a and_o therefore_o aristotle_n advise_v that_o she_o beforehand_o evacuate_v her_o excrement_n and_o urine_n that_o she_o may_v have_v no_o need_n to_o rise_v the_o second_o mark_n to_o discover_v if_o a_o woman_n be_v with_o child_n be_v if_o the_o day_n after_o she_o feel_v her_o belly_n empty_a and_o especial_o about_o the_o navel_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o be_v that_o when_o the_o matrix_fw-la will_v conceive_v form_v it_o stretch_v and_o extend_v extreme_o because_o in_o a_o manner_n it_o be_v apt_a to_o swell_v and_o stiffen_v upon_o this_o occasion_n after_o the_o same_o fashion_n as_o a_o man_n yard_n and_o stretch_v out_o after_o this_o manner_n it_o take_v up_o more_o room_n but_o at_o the_o instant_n it_o conceive_v li._n hypocrates_n say_v that_o it_o close_v and_o draw_v into_o the_o form_n of_o a_o little_a egg_n to_o draw_v the_o seed_n to_o it_o and_o let_v nothing_o out_o by_o which_o mean_v it_o leave_v a_o great_a vacuity_n which_o the_o woman_n explain_v say_v that_o they_o have_v no_o slack_a gut_n leave_v soon_o after_o they_o grow_v big_a beside_o which_o they_o forthwith_o nauseate_a their_o husband_n caress_n the_o womb_n have_v what_o it_o want_v but_o the_o most_o certain_a sign_n as_o lxi_o hypocrates_n say_v be_v when_o the_o menses_fw-la cease_v their_o breast_n swell_v and_o they_o loathe_v their_o meat_n article_n iu._n what_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o child_n may_v prove_v witty_a and_o wise_a if_o the_o reason_n and_o cause_n be_v not_o know_v beforehand_o whence_o it_o proceed_v that_o a_o man_n of_o great_a wit_n and_o capacity_n be_v beget_v it_o be_v impossible_a to_o reduce_v the_o same_o to_o a_o art_n since_o we_o attain_v the_o end_n by_o no_o other_o mean_n but_o by_o connect_v and_o order_v the_o principle_n and_o cause_n the_o astrologer_n hold_v that_o the_o child_n be_v bear_v under_o such_o a_o influence_n of_o the_o star_n will_v be_v wise_a witty_a well_o or_o ill-conditioned_a happy_a or_o unhappy_a with_o a_o thousand_o other_o quality_n and_o property_n which_o we_o see_v and_o observe_v every_o day_n among_o men._n but_o if_o this_o be_v true_a we_o can_v not_o here_o prescribe_v any_o rule_n for_o all_o will_v depend_v upon_o chance_n and_o not_o be_v in_o our_o choice_n the_o natural_a philosopher_n as_o hypocrates_n plato_n aristotle_n and_o galen_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o a_o man_n receive_v the_o condition_n of_o his_o soul_n at_o the_o time_n of_o his_o formation_n and_o not_o of_o his_o birth_n the_o star_n only_o cause_v a_o superficial_a alteration_n in_o the_o babe_n communicate_v to_o to_o he_o heat_v cold_a moisture_n dryness_n and_o not_o his_o substance_n whereon_o his_o life_n depend_v as_o do_v the_o four_o element_n fire_n earth_n air_n water_n which_o not_o only_o add_v to_o the_o composition_n heat_n cold_a moisture_n dryness_n but_o also_o a_o substance_n that_o unite_v and_o preserve_v these_o quality_n during_o the_o course_n of_o life_n so_o that_o what_o be_v of_o great_a importance_n in_o beget_v child_n be_v to_o endeavour_v that_o the_o element_n from_o which_o they_o be_v form_v shall_v have_v the_o quality_n requisite_a to_o wit_n because_o that_o in_o the_o same_o weight_n and_o measure_n the_o element_n enter_v into_o the_o composition_n in_o the_o same_o they_o remain_v for_o ever_o in_o the_o mixture_n which_o be_v not_o so_o in_o the_o mutation_n and_o influence_n of_o heaven_n what_o these_o element_n be_v and_o after_o what_o manner_n they_o enter_v the_o woman_n womb_n to_o form_v the_o child_n tuen_n galen_n tell_v when_o he_o teach_v we_o that_o they_o be_v the_o same_o which_o compound_v all_o other_o natural_a thing_n but_o that_o the_o earth_n be_v conceal_v in_o the_o solid_a meat_n we_o eat_v such_o as_o bread_n flesh_n fish_n and_o fruit_n the_o water_n under_o the_o liquor_n we_o drink_v and_o for_o the_o air_n and_o fire_n he_o say_v that_o they_o be_v mingle_v by_o order_n of_o nature_n and_o enter_v into_o the_o body_n by_o way_n of_o the_o pulse_n and_o respiration_n of_o these_o four_o element_n mingle_v and_o digest_v by_o our_o natural_a heat_n be_v make_v the_o two_o necessary_a principle_n of_o the_o infant_n generation_n which_o be_v the_o seed_n and_o the_o menstruous_a blood_n but_o that_o whereof_o we_o make_v the_o great_a account_n for_o the_o mark_v we_o aim_v at_o be_v the_o solid_a meat_n that_o be_v eat_v for_o they_o include_v within_o themselves_o all_o the_o four_o element_n and_o from_o they_o the_o seed_n draw_v more_o corpulence_n and_o quality_n than_o from_o the_o water_n which_o we_o drink_v or_o the_o fire_n and_o air_n which_o we_o breath_n wherefore_o x._o galen_n say_v that_o the_o parent_n who_o will_v beget_v wise_a child_n shall_v read_v the_o three_o book_n he_o write_v of_o the_o property_n of_o aliment_n for_o there_o they_o shall_v find_v the_o meat_n by_o which_o they_o shall_v effect_v the_o same_o he_o make_v no_o mention_n at_o all_o of_o water_n nor_o of_o the_o other_o element_n as_o matter_n of_o small_a consequence_n but_o he_o have_v no_o reason_n for_o this_o for_o water_n alter_v the_o body_n much_o more_o than_o the_o air_n and_o no_o less_o than_o the_o solid_a meat_n we_o use_v and_o as_o to_o what_o regard_v the_o generation_n of_o the_o seed_n the_o water_n alone_o be_v of_o as_o great_a importance_n as_o all_o the_o other_o element_n together_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o be_v as_o the_o same_o xuj_o galen_n say_v that_o the_o testicle_n draw_v from_o the_o vein_n for_o their_o nourishment_n the_o serous_a portion_n of_o blood_n and_o the_o great_a part_n of_o this_o
and_o quantity_n make_v a_o man_n reason_n much_o better_a than_o before_o they_o call_v it_o the_o confection_n of_o wise_a man_n or_o rather_o confectio_fw-la anacardina_fw-la in_o which_o as_o may_v be_v learn_v from_o the_o receipt_n be_v put_v fresh_a butter_n of_o cow_n and_o honey_n from_o which_o two_o ingredient_n the_o greek_n have_v say_v that_o they_o who_o use_v it_o shall_v have_v their_o understanding_n much_o sharpen_v but_o if_o the_o other_o drug_n that_o compose_v it_o be_v consider_v without_o doubt_n they_o be_v very_o hot_a and_o dry_a utter_o destroy_v the_o understanding_n and_o memory_n though_o it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o they_o render_v they_o more_o brisk_a to_o speak_v and_o answer_v to_o the_o purpose_n with_o sharp_a repartee_n and_o pretty_a simile_n to_o redicule_n and_o banter_n and_o that_o they_o incline_v the_o most_o part_n of_o those_o that_o use_v they_o to_o make_v verse_n and_o to_o other_o talent_n which_o elevate_v the_o wit_n of_o man_n into_o rapture_n now_o as_o the_o people_n know_v not_o how_o to_o distinguish_v nor_o to_o make_v a_o difference_n between_o the_o work_v of_o the_o understanding_n and_o those_o of_o the_o imagination_n when_o they_o observe_v those_o that_o have_v take_v this_o confection_n speak_v more_o subtle_o than_o they_o use_v they_o say_v they_o have_v acquire_v more_o understanding_n which_o be_v not_o so_o in_o effect_n but_o on_o the_o contrary_a they_o have_v lose_v what_o they_o have_v and_o have_v only_o get_v a_o kind_n of_o knack_n that_o be_v not_o good_a for_o a_o man_n to_o have_v which_o cicero_n call_v fineness_n which_o be_v a_o skill_n contrary_a to_o honesty_n as_o often_o as_o i_o fall_v upon_o this_o passage_n in_o genesis_n that_o say_v who_o tell_v thou_o that_o thou_o be_v naked_a have_v thou_o eat_v of_o the_o tree_n whereof_o i_o command_v thou_o that_o thou_o shall_v not_o eat_v it_o come_v to_o my_o mind_n that_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o tree_n of_o knowledge_n of_o good_a and_o evil_a have_v a_o natural_a property_n to_o give_v more_o knowledge_n and_o reflection_n to_o he_o that_o eat_v of_o it_o but_o that_o that_o knowledge_n be_v not_o so_o convenient_a for_o man_n and_o god_n will_v not_o that_o he_o shall_v possess_v it_o because_o it_o be_v of_o that_o kind_n of_o knowledge_n of_o which_o st._n paul_n speak_v the_o carnal_a mind_n be_v enmity_n against_o god_n but_o consider_v the_o sacred_a scripture_n have_v so_o deep_a a_o sense_n and_o those_o that_o know_v little_a often_o deceive_v themselves_o much_o in_o stick_v to_o the_o letter_n i_o many_o time_n wave_v that_o thought_n till_o in_o the_o end_n the_o same_o difficulty_n return_v so_o often_o to_o my_o mind_n i_o resolve_v to_o read_v what_o i_o can_v meet_v with_o in_o the_o commentator_n upon_o the_o place_n to_o see_v if_o some_o one_o of_o they_o be_v not_o of_o my_o opinion_n and_o soon_o after_o read_v in_o the_o antiquity_n of_o josephus_n i_o find_v that_o he_o say_v that_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o tree_n of_o knowledge_n of_o good_a and_o evil_a quicken_v the_o use_n of_o reason_n and_o sharpen_v the_o understanding_n and_o in_o regard_n of_o this_o property_n it_o have_v this_o name_n as_o the_o other_o that_o of_o the_o tree_n of_o life_n because_o it_o make_v the_o man_n immortal_a that_o eat_v of_o its_o fruit._n this_o exposition_n and_o opinion_n nevertheless_o be_v not_o at_o all_o receive_v by_o nicholas_n de_fw-fr lyra_n for_o he_o conceit_v that_o the_o fruit_n of_o a_o tree_n that_o be_v material_a can_v not_o affect_v the_o human_a understanding_n which_o be_v whole_o spiritual_a abulensis_n do_v not_o absolute_o admit_v the_o instance_n of_o nicholas_n de_fw-fr lyra_n but_o with_o distinction_n thou_o say_v he_o the_o human_a understanding_n be_v a_o spiritual_a power_n that_o act_v not_o with_o corporeal_a instrument_n yet_o for_o all_o that_o the_o understanding_n can_v apprehend_v any_o thing_n but_o by_o make_v use_n of_o some_o other_o organic_a power_n which_o if_o they_o have_v a_o good_a temperament_n much_o assist_v the_o understanding_n if_o not_o they_o only_o serve_v to_o deceive_v it_o but_o so_o it_o be_v that_o the_o fruit_n of_o that_o tree_n be_v able_a to_o introduce_v such_o a_o temperament_n in_o the_o brain_n that_o the_o man_n may_v come_v to_o be_v more_o know_v but_o that_o the_o good_a or_o bad_a temperament_n of_o the_o food_n can_v assist_v or_o hurt_v his_o wisdom_n he_o prove_v from_o this_o place_n in_o holy_a writ_n i_o frame_v a_o design_n in_o my_o heart_n to_o wean_v my_o flesh_n from_o wine_n to_o the_o end_n my_o wit_n may_v bend_v with_o more_o disposition_n to_o wisdom_n he_o quote_v aristotle_n also_o in_o his_o book_n of_o physiognomy_n where_o he_o say_v that_o the_o alteration_n the_o body_n suffer_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o meat_n a_o man_n receive_v and_o the_o temperament_n of_o the_o region_n where_o he_o dwell_v like_v as_o other_o thing_n which_o be_v use_v to_o change_v and_o alter_v the_o body_n pass_v even_o to_o the_o rational_a soul_n and_o therefore_o he_o say_v that_o man_n inhabit_v in_o a_o extreme_a hot_a country_n be_v wise_a than_o those_o that_o live_v in_o very_o cold_a region_n and_o vegetius_n affirm_v that_o those_o who_o live_v under_o the_o fith_n climate_n as_o the_o spaniard_n italian_n and_o greek_n be_v man_n of_o great_a wit_n and_o of_o great_a spirit_n according_a to_o which_o doctrine_n it_o may_v well_o be_v that_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o tree_n have_v such_o efficacy_n to_o alter_v the_o organic_a power_n of_o the_o body_n which_o serve_v to_o better_a reason_v and_o because_o adam_n be_v very_o wise_a and_o have_v no_o need_n of_o any_o other_o science_n god_n establish_v a_o law_n and_o lay_v a_o command_n touch_v this_o fruit_n to_o preserve_v it_o for_o his_o successor_n who_o in_o their_o infancy_n eat_v of_o the_o same_o may_v quicken_v the_o use_n of_o their_o reason_n but_o the_o word_n of_o the_o text_n bear_v not_o all_o this_o last_o exposition_n for_o take_v they_o right_n and_o consider_v they_o as_o they_o lie_v the_o fruit_n of_o the_o tree_n by_o its_o virtue_n and_o efficacy_n have_v open_v their_o corporeal_a eye_n and_o have_v teach_v they_o what_o they_o know_v not_o and_o the_o eye_n of_o they_o both_o be_v open_v and_o they_o know_v that_o they_o be_v naked_a which_o be_v yet_o more_o clear_o prove_v if_o we_o weigh_v well_o the_o word_n speak_v by_o god_n to_o the_o man_n when_o he_o find_v he_o ashamed_a to_o see_v his_o nakedness_n who_o tell_v thou_o that_o thou_o be_v it_o naked_a have_v thou_o eat_v of_o that_o tree_n whereof_o i_o command_v thou_o that_o thou_o shall_v not_o eat_v bishop_n nemesius_n in_o the_o book_n he_o write_v of_o the_o nature_n of_o man_n fair_o confess_v that_o the_o fruit_n of_o that_o tree_n have_v a_o natural_a property_n to_o give_v wisdom_n and_o that_o it_o real_o teach_v adam_n what_o he_o know_v not_o at_o all_o and_o that_o this_o be_v not_o only_o find_v out_o at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o world_n when_o the_o aliment_n have_v so_o much_o virtue_n to_o alter_v the_o body_n of_o man_n but_o even_o at_o this_o hour_n though_o they_o be_v corrupt_v by_o so_o long_a a_o course_n of_o time_n there_o be_v abundance_n of_o fruit_n can_v do_v it_o and_o because_o it_o be_v not_o to_o the_o purpose_n that_o our_o first_o parent_n shall_v entire_o know_v their_o nature_n nor_o what_o thing_n they_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o god_n lay_v his_o command_n of_o the_o tree_n who_o property_n be_v to_o cast_v man_n upon_o the_o care_n of_o the_o body_n and_o to_o draw_v he_o from_o the_o contemplation_n of_o the_o soul_n this_o exposition_n be_v agreeable_a to_o natural_a philosophy_n of_o which_o we_o treat_v for_o there_o be_v no_o aliment_n especial_o among_o fruit_n that_o be_v for_o food_n which_o have_v a_o medicinal_a virtue_n which_o affect_v not_o the_o brain_n according_a to_o the_o say_n of_o hypocrates_n that_o the_o faculty_n of_o food_n reach_v the_o brain_n and_o introduce_v in_o man_n the_o ability_n that_o bear_v the_o temperament_n which_o it_o produce_v in_o the_o head_n as_o it_o happen_v in_o wine_n which_o when_o it_o be_v drink_v to_o a_o certain_a quantity_n make_v a_o man_n witty_a but_o if_o in_o excess_n it_o make_v he_o a_o fool_n and_o mad._n but_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v imagine_v that_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o forbidden-tree_n give_v immediate_o habit_n of_o knowledge_n as_o lyranus_fw-la thought_n it_o give_v only_o a_o temperament_n accommodate_v to_o such_o a_o kind_n of_o knowledge_n by_o mean_n of_o which_o man_n come_v so_o soon_o to_o know_v some_o thing_n he_o never_o dream_v of_o but_o that_o the_o fruit_n of_o the_o tree_n have_v the_o property_n to_o
feed_v on_o beef_n or_o pork_n in_o a_o short_a time_n his_o brain_n will_v have_v be_v gross_a and_o of_o ill_a temperament_n with_o which_o his_o rational_a soul_n will_v not_o have_v be_v able_a to_o have_v refuse_v the_o evil_a and_o choose_v the_o good_a but_o by_o way_n of_o miracle_n and_o employ_v of_o his_o divinity_n but_o god_n lead_v he_o by_o natural_a mean_n order_v that_o he_o shall_v eat_v those_o delicate_a meat_n with_o which_o his_o brain_n be_v nourish_v be_v make_v a_o instrument_n so_o well_o organise_v as_o even_o without_o the_o use_n of_o divine_a or_o infuse_v knowledge_n he_o may_v natural_o refuse_v the_o evil_a and_o choose_v the_o good_a like_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o son_n of_o men._n soli_fw-la deo_fw-la gloria_fw-la gloria_fw-la bartolus_n bartolus_n dial._n de_fw-fr justo_n demon_n confer_v with_o me●…_n very_o familiar_o however_o fo●…_n one_o truth_n that_o they_o tell_v they_o o●…_n any_o importance_n they_o deceiu●…_n they_o with_o a_o thousand_o lie_n baldus_n ought_v to_o have_v lef●…_n physic_n and_o study_v the_o law_n for_o the_o reason_n cicero_n give_v i●…_n the_o follow_a word_n wh●…_n therefore_o shall_v have_v seriousl●…_n consult_v his_o genius_n upo●…_n the_o manner_n of_o get_v a_o livelihood_n provide_v it_o be_v honest_a aught_o to_o remain_v fix_v i●…_n it_o and_o that_o be_v most_o commendable_a if_o he_o be_v not_o convince_v that_o he_o be_v mistake●…_n in_o his_o choice_n cicero_n lib._n 1_o offic._n in_o spain_n nature_n can_v join_v but_o two_o different_a kind_n of_o wit_n and_o in_o greece_n three_o paul_n i._o to_o the_o corin._n chap._n xii_o xii_o chap._n xxv_o the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v that_o the_o supernatural_a science_n have_v their_o seat_n in_o the_o soul_n and_o the_o soul_n be_v according_a to_o aristotle_n subject_n to_o the_o temperament_n and_o constitution_n of_o the_o body_n arist_n lib._n 2._o the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d eccles_n chap._n xvii_o xvii_o lib._n de_fw-fr fat●_n fat●_n dialog_n de_fw-fr scientia_fw-la that_o comparison_n may_v be_v verify_v in_o socrates_n understanding_n alone_o because_o he_o teach_v by_o interrogate_a in_o a_o manner_n cause_v the_o scholar_n to_o attain_v the_o science_n without_o be_v teach_v it_o it_o lib._n lex_fw-la hippo._n hippo._n xxx_o sect_n prob._n iu._n iu._n ibid_fw-la ibid_fw-la dialo_n de_fw-fr justo_fw-la justo_fw-la in_o oratio_n suasor_fw-la ad_fw-la bonas_fw-la art_n in_o the_o second_o division_n of_o man_n age_n call_v youth_n all_o the_o various_a part_n of_o wit_n as_o far_o as_o possible_a be_v unite_v that_o be_v of_o all_o the_o most_o temperate_a therefore_o not_o convenient_a to_o suffer_v it_o to_o pass_v away_o without_o engage_v it_o in_o that_o sort_n of_o learning_n of_o which_o a_o man_n be_v to_o make_v profession_n profession_n cic._n 1._o off._n off._n gen._n xii_o tu_fw-la nihil_fw-la invita_fw-la dicesfaciesve_fw-la minerva_fw-la minerva_fw-la viii_o meth_n c._n iu._n iu._n lib._n de_fw-fr ordin_n libror_fw-la suorum_fw-la nature_n be_v the_o most_o necessary_a condition_n of_o all_o by_o which_o those_o that_o apply_v themselves_o to_o art_n penetrate_v thorough_o hipp._n de_fw-fr decen_n ornatu_fw-la baldus_n come_v to_o study_v the_o law_n in_o his_o old_a age_n be_v laugh_v at_o and_o tell_v sero_fw-la venis_fw-la balde_n in_o alio_fw-la seculo_fw-la eris_fw-la advocatus_fw-la yet_o have_v a_o genius_n adapt_v to_o the_o study_n of_o the_o law_n he_o prove_v in_o a_o short_a time_n a_o very_a extraordinary_a lawyer_n a_o man_n ought_v to_o know_v enough_o of_o each_o science_n how_o far_o its_o jurisdiction_n extend_v and_o what_o question_v proper_o belong_v to_o it_o it_o in_o epist_n ad_fw-la damege●um_fw-la damege●um_fw-la job_n ch_n xxxiii_o xxxiii_o lib._n 1._o de_fw-la coelo_fw-la the_o ignorance_n of_o natural_a philosophy_n make_v man_n assign_v miracle_n where_o they_o shall_v not_o not_o lib._n ii_o the_o physic_n auscult_a auscult_a xxx_o sect._n prob._n i._n i._n lib._n art_n medic._n ch_n xi_o xi_o lib._n art_n med._n cap._n xxi_o xxi_o lib._n iu._n the_o part_n animalum_fw-la animalum_fw-la xxx_o sect._n prob_fw-la iii_o iii_o lib._n de_fw-fr alimento_fw-la alimento_fw-la de_fw-fr partium_fw-la formatione_fw-la formatione_fw-la lib._n de_fw-fr aere_fw-la locis_fw-la et_fw-la aquis_fw-la aquis_fw-la iv._o sect._n prob_fw-la iv._o iv._o lib._n the_o ope_v corp_n constit_fw-la c._n iu._n iu._n diale_n de_fw-fr ●●t_n ●●t_n lib._n vi_o de_fw-la locis_fw-la affectis_fw-la cap._n vi_o a_o falconer_n affirm_v to_o i_o upon_o oath_n that_o he_o have_v a_o excellent_a hawk_n for_o sport_n which_o become_v good_a for_o nothing_o yet_o by_o apply_v a_o cautery_n he_o recover_v he_o plato_n take_v from_o holy_a writ_n the_o best_a sentence_n in_o his_o work_n thence_o get_v the_o name_n of_o divine_a divine_a lib._n i._o de_fw-la post_fw-la resolut_a cap._n i._n i._n lib._n iii_o de_fw-la any_fw-la the_o monstrous_a seed_n and_o blood_n the_o two_o principal_a matter_n of_o which_o we_o be_v form_v be_v hot_a and_o moist_a by_o mean_n of_o which_o temperament_n child_n be_v of_o necessity_n stupid_a and_o ignorant_a galen_n lib._n i._o de_fw-la sanitat_fw-la tuenda_fw-la when_o the_o brain_n become_v hot_a in_o the_o first_o degree_n it_o make_v the_o man_n fluent_a suggest_v to_o his_o wit_n many_o thing_n to_o say_v but_o the_o reserve_v have_v all_o a_o cold_a brain_n as_o the_o great_a talker_n a_o hot_a one_o that_o frenzy_n be_v cause_v by_o abundance_n of_o choler_n imbibe_v in_o the_o substance_n of_o the_o brain_n for_o that_o be_v the_o proper_a humour_n for_o poetry_n which_o occasion_v horace_n to_o say_v that_o if_o the_o choler_n be_v not_o purge_v away_o in_o the_o spring_n there_o will_v hardly_o ever_o be_v a_o better_a poet_n than_o himself_o de_fw-fr arte_fw-la poetica_fw-la this_o page_n be_v not_o absolute_o cure_a the_o sibyl_n admit_v by_o the_o catholic_a church_n have_v the_o same_o natural_a disposition_n mention_v by_o aristotle_n and_o beside_o that_o the_o spirit_n of_o prophecy_n infuse_v by_o god_n for_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o possess_v a_o natural_a wit_n though_o never_o so_o sublime_a to_o reveal_v such_o elevate_a thing_n as_o they_o do_v do_v lib._n i._o prob._n v._o when_o the_o distemper_a utter_v such_o divine_a thing_n it_o be_v a_o sign_n that_o the_o rational_a soul_n be_v disengage_v from_o the_o body_n and_o none_o such_o recover_v cicero_n fall_v into_o the_o same_o error_n pro_fw-la archia_fw-la poeta_fw-la poeta_fw-la xi_o sect._n prob._n xxvii_o xxvii_o de_fw-fr divinatione_fw-la those_o who_o fall_v sick_a and_o be_v call_v melancholic_a be_v endue_v with_o a_o kind_n of_o divination_n cicero_n de_fw-fr divinat_fw-la divinat_fw-la gen._n ch_n xlix_o xlix_o chap._n i._o to_o the_o roman_n roman_n dialogo_fw-la de_fw-la natura_fw-la natura_fw-la dialo_n de_fw-fr natura_fw-la homer_n inform_v we_o that_o ulysses_n be_v always_o wise_a feign_v that_o he_o be_v never_o turn_v into_o a_o hog_n hog_n lib._n quod_fw-la animi_fw-la mores_fw-la cap._n vi_o vi_o lib._n i._o de_fw-la natura_fw-la hom_n come_v xi_o xi_o xxx_o sect_n prob._n i._n i._n ch._n xxviii_o xxviii_o epidem_fw-la v._o come_v ix_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o wise_a man_n be_v where_o sadness_n be_v to_o be_v find_v of_o which_o the_o property_n be_v to_o dry_v and_o the_o heart_n of_o the_o fool_n where_o joy_n be_v of_o which_o the_o property_n be_v to_o moisten_v eccles_n c._n seven_o seven_o lib._n i._n de_fw-fr nature_n huma_fw-la come_v xi_o and_o thus_o cicero_n define_v the_o nature_n of_o wit_n put_v the_o memory_n in_o docility_n and_o memory_n which_o be_v in_o a_o manner_n call_v by_o the_o same_o name_n as_o ingenuity_n de_fw-fr fin_fw-fr bon_fw-fr &_o mal_fw-fr lib._n i._n i._n de_fw-fr offic._n med._n come_v iv._o iv._o xxx_o sect._n prob_fw-la iv._o iv._o vi_o apho._n come_v xxvi_o xxvi_o lib._n de_fw-fr memor_fw-la &_o reminise_v reminise_v lib._n art_n med._n cap._n xii_o xii_o lib._n ii_o aph._n come_v xx._n xx._n lib._n quod_fw-la animi_fw-la mores_fw-la cap._n v._n of_o these_o two_o difference_n of_o wit_n aristotle_n speak_v thus_o he_o indeed_o be_v the_o best_a that_o of_o himself_o comprehend_v every_o thing_n but_o then_o again_o he_o be_v not_o bad_a who_o follow_v he_o that_o be_v in_o the_o right_n arist_n lib._n i._o doct._n item_n lib._n iii_o de_fw-la anima_fw-la galen_n affirm_v the_o invention_n of_o art_n and_o write_v of_o book_n be_v obtain_v by_o the_o understanding_n or_o the_o memory_n or_o the_o imagination_n therefore_o he_o that_o write_v that_o he_o may_v retain_v many_o thing_n in_o his_o memory_n shall_v say_v nothing_o new_a lib._n i._o de_fw-la officio_fw-la medic._n comp._n iu._n this_o difference_n of_o wit_n be_v very_o dangerous_a in_o divinity_n wherefore_o the_o understanding_n ought_v to_o abide_v by_o what_o our_o mother_n the_o catholic_n church_n have_v say_v and_o declare_v declare_v vi_o epid._n v._o com._n xi_o this_o difference_n of_o wit_n be_v very_o agreeable_a