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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A20442	The defence of trade In a letter to Sir Thomas Smith Knight, gouernour of the East-India Companie, &c. From one of that societie.	Digges, Dudley, Sir, 1583-1639.; Smith, Thomas, Sir, 1558?-1625.; Kayll, Robert. Trades increase.	1615 (1615)	STC 6845; ESTC S109687	29,831	56

I answere that no sober man can doubt but that the mouths the East-India Merchant sends to Sea would eate at home but further hee that is acquainted with the finding and the feeding men at Sea knowes well it would bee riches infinite vnto this Land and vnto euery priuate Master of a Familie if men would wast no more in victualls here at home then Sea-men doe abroade yet since hee sayes this is the poores complaint in truth a poore one it shall haue some further satisfaction The greatest fleet that euer yet the Companie set forth was this last yeare 1614. the charge whereof amounted to one hundred thousand pounds In Shipping and their Furniture 34000l. 0s. 0d. Victuals imprest mony and other ordinarie and extraordinarie charges 30000l. 0s. 0d. Natiue and forraine Marchandize and readie mony sent to Trade 36000l. 0s. 0d. More particularly this Cargazon of thirtie and sixe thousand pounds was In Bayes Kersies and most broad clothes dyed and drest to the Kingdomes best aduantage 14000l. 0s. 0d. Lead Iron and forraine marchandize 10000l. 0s. 0d. Readie mony in all the ships but 12000l. 0s. 0d. And it is worth the noting that this twelue thousand pounds was scant one third part of that which the Companie paid that yeare for the Kings custome impost and other duties and not one third part of that which they paid Marriners for wages but for the victuall that is thus prouided The Bread of corne sent for of purpose out of France The Drinke all in a manner Spanish Wines and Sider little or no Beere The Flesh is Beefe and Porke proportion'd into ship-messes and that onely but for three dayes of seuen in the weeke and but for twentie moneths of thirtie the other ten moneths which proues often more is prouided in India or parts abroad Now then if our Obiector bee none of those that rise vp early to follow drunkennesse and continue vntill night till the Wine doe inflame them c. if he be free from Seneca his Foedissimum patrimoniorū exitium culnia if he be no Fucus Piger Vorax no vnprofitable burdē that cōsumes the good fruits of the earth but labors not at all yet in his best sobrietie and temperance let him but consider his owne mouth and he shall finde it iustlier to be blam'd for making victualls deare then the prouision of the East-India voyage and yet this mouth will not be stopt but how How now What Monsieur Transportation of Treasure in the Reare among the baggage with the Victualler of the Campe You that heretofore haue serued so resolutely before the King before the Parliament at the Councell Table nay almost euery Table now dying in a Ditch ALas Sir his deare brother in Armes Death of men is runne away wounded to death by Captaine Newport what would you haue him doe When hee saw that the East-India Companie by the Bookes of Entrie with his Maiesties Officers by their own books of Accompts besides a sodaine and secret searching of their ships had manifested that they neuer in any yeare no not when they went to discouer what of our Commodities would vent in those parts carryed nere so much as his Maiesties gracious Letters Pattents doth permit When he found that some particular Marchants of that Companie did at one time bring into the Kingdome more siluer then the whole Companie together did at any time carrie out When hee perceiued notwithstanding that the East-India Marchant to auoid all colour of scandall did prouide That forraine coine beyond the Seas with much hazard as lately at Sandwich by bringing of it ouer in small Pinkes and paying dearer for it then others yea strangers here at home doe buy it to steale ouer for want of their licence When hee beheld to his great grief such daily increase of broad clothes dyed and dreft with other marchandize and such decrease of readie money in the Cargazon of stock they sent to Traffique When last of all he heard for certaine of a Factorie setled at Iapan and of such store of siluer there as is not onely like to serue the Trade in all those parts but to returne perhaps some good part hither what would you haue him doe but hide his head And yet you heare he holds his manly words he talkes of murmuring and Charles the Fifth But sure men will not murmure when they know the truth and would these hastie Writers fill their braines a little better ere they presse them by reading the Records of Spaine and Portugall and better Stories then Hals Chronicle for India matters they might finde reasons to make more reckoning of the East-India Traffique then th'Obiector doth The sole fruition whereof hath yeelded many Millions yearely to those Nations and as they say themselues was worth more to that Crowne then the West-Indies I am sure the sweet thereof was such euen in the Infancie that Iohn the Third of Portugall gaue to that Charles the Fifth he mentions before his going into Italie three hundred and fiftie thousand Duckats onely not to interrupt his Peoples then beginning Trade with the Moluccaes Which summe of mony a few Subiects in Castile did offer to repay on strange easie conditions rather then their Emperour should sell the hope they had of wealth from those rich countries But I haue done and now it may be mine Author that in his first Page cald himselfe a Fresh-water Souldier if he should chance to see the Martiall order his Obiections haue appeared in might beleeue himselfe to bee some great Commander whereas the Truth is hee was but a Trumpet of Defiance to the East-India Marchant according therefore to his dutie I would send him back to take a view of all his Falsehoods scattered in the field which I perswade my selfe will shew him his ouerthrow was shamefull At least Sir Thomas Smith iudge what it may bee if some able Marchant vnder-take the Argument when so much hath beene said and more that comes too neare matter of State secret of Marchandize hath beene omitted by your faithfull Friend and Kinsman that wisheth well to Trade and Marchants Dudly Digges Post-script to the Reader SInce hee that may dispose of mee will haue these rough lines printed for your satisfaction I that am neither ashamed of my loue to the East-India Trade nor the truth I haue written must if but for fashion sake say somewhat vnto you Reader It may please you then to know that the substance of this which you haue read was taken out of Custome-bookes out of the East-India Companies bookes out of Grocers Warehouse-keepers Marchants bookes and conference with men of best experience As for errors of pen or presse you will either not marke them or can mend them all I aske for my paines And so I leaue you to commend if you list piperi scombris that Trades Increase to packe vp fish and this Defence of Trade to wrappe vp spice a couple of Inke-wasting toies

The Hope 533. New built in Ireland The Samaritan 543. The Thamazin 133. New built The Aduise 160. New built The Lyon 386. The Great Defence 400. Readie to goe out with the Cloue And two more now building at Depford one of 1100. Tunne the other of 900. Tunne c. Out of these ships the Companie haue set forth alreadie 17. voyages Neither may he excuse his mentioning only 13. with pretence of his bookes being written long before his friend no doubt put it forth since in the booke hee speakes of Captaine * Saris returne c. But let that passe What saies he to these ships Foure of these ships are lost and that not by the ordinarie death of ships The Trades Increase that gallant shippe was ouertaken by vntimely death in her youth and strength being deuoured by those iron-hearted worms of that Countrey c. The like vntimely fall had the other thrée gallant ships neuer hauing had the fortune to sée their natiue soile nor the honour to doe their countrey any seruice c. And is foure of so many ships so long at Sea so great a losse especially in foureteene yeares of our yet infant and discouering trade while in the farthest and vnknowne parts of the world Ignari hominumque locorumque Erramus vento vastis fluctibus acti Incerti quo fata ferant vbi sistere detur while we seeke for trafficke with strange Nations Surely wee esteeme it Gods great blessing that wee lost no more and wee are thankfull for it He hath not dealt so with some other Nations Looke on the Portingall or Dutch beginnings Nay now they are so well experienc't the first lost in a manner all their China Fleet and riches very lately in returne to Goa and the other the very last yeare out of foure ships richly laden the returne of many more set forth saw the ruine ships goods men and all of two and one of them euen at their doores in Holland And if this Vulture that thus followes wreckes and dead mens bodies should but reckon other Marchants losses in that time which I had rather pitie he would it may be in his so approued New-castle coasting course finde as great losse of Mariners and shipping And for the extraordinarie death I know not well what he intends but sure the Companie euen in the losse of most of them for some things Found Gods extraordinarie blessing Witnesse a true narration First for the Trades Increase when that thrice-worthie Generall Sir Henry Middleton that neither tithed nor tolled the Mecha Fleet as malice would haue men beleeue but like true Iustice with the Sword and Ballance in his hand made the beginning laid the true foundation of our long desired Cambaya-Trade had made the false Turks pay for his most barbarous imprisonment at Moha he conceiued a twelue moneths stay by that misfortune longer forth might peraduenture bring his shippe in danger and therefore more for prouidence then need hee purposed to careen her at Bantam our then greatest Factorie where he was no stranger But such was Gods good pleasure as it hath done here and may doe any where a mortall and infectious sicknesse raged then among the natiues of that land and fell on him and many of his people vnto death so as the shippe that by the breaking of a Cable ouer-swaied was left halfe ruind aboue water for want of skilfull hands to helpe her The Ascension though an old Shippe bought made for the Companie two voiages to India but in her third by the wilfulnesse of a lewd Master that would not suffer-a Pilot to be entertained shee was runne aground vpon the sholes of Cambaya where yet all the men with the best marchandize were saued The Vnion bought from carrying Masts and Dele was by their cost made warlike and so strong that notwithstanding her vnhappie losse of the Captaine and eleuen more of her principall men through foolish breach of their * commision yet shee had come richly laden home if first a mutinie had not fallen among those new vnfit Commanders and then fourteene of her a blest men had not forsaken her distrest to goe for Rochell with a shippe of Alborough And yet good shippe almost at home vpon the Coast of Brittanie where shee droue in with her weake men the lewd Inhabitants first drew her on the Rockes then boared her full of holes and with more difficultie farre then would haue saued her made a wrecke as since vpon their execution for it some of the actors haue confest in France The fourth and last was the old rotten shippe the Susan ready to haue been broken vp for fire-wood when the East-India Marchant bought her for their voyage which shee yet performed though in returning home vpon her second voyage shee foundred in the Sea as men suppose so that as Neptune in the Poet said Vnus erit amissum tantum quem in gurgite quaerent Vnum pro multis c. This only one shippe properly was lost Now let him then but reade what hee hath written of these ships and if he can forbeare to blush I but the rest of their ships are either out in the Uoyage or here at home out of reparations returning so crazed and broken c. that if the Kingdome should haue néed on any occasion it shall surely want their seruice c. And this in truth is an obiection worthie of an answere ALthough before this Trade grew quicke the Companie had leisure and were forced to new-build and bestow great cost vpon their old bought ships yet now for diuers yeares since they built new there is no shadow of a truth in that hee saies for that their ships some after two yeares and a halfe some after three and longer voyages come home so strong and seruiceable that without cost of Planke or Timber except only sheathing due to euery Marchants good shippe and performed easily in thirtie daies they haue beene found fit to send out againe vnto the Indies And thus without new building The Dragon Hector Expedition Cloue Salomon Peppercorne Thomas was only dock't and sheath'd for the new Voyage And that this point of sheathing may bee fully vnderstood The Cloue one of the greatest that had been at Iapan longest and farthest our was for a triall sheathed and fitted perfectly in fourteene dayes who then can doubt of their abilitie to serue the State at home vpon our Coasts or at the most little aboue a Summers Voyage out I but they are not héere c. YEs commonly six Moneths and when our Nauie is compleat and our Trade setled by Gods grace we shall haue many ships returning euery Summer as well as those preparing in the Winter to goe forth and see this mans ill luck euen this last mustering yeare before the putting out of that same Pamphlet besides those seuen aboue set-ships The Samaritan the Lion and the great Defence lay many moneths within the