Selected quad for the lemma: book_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
book_n	king_n	write_v	year_n	5,160	5	4.8919	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A06937	The inrichment of the vveald of Kent: or, A direction to the husbandman, for the true ordering, manuring, and inriching of all the grounds within the wealds of Kent and Sussex and may generally serue for all the grounds in England, of that nature: as, 1. Shewing the nature of all wealdish grounds, comparing it with the soyle of the shires at large. 2. Declaring what the marle is, and the seuerall sorts thereof, and where it is vsually found. 3. The profitable vse of marle, and other rich manurings, as well in each sort of arable land, as also for the encrease of corne and pasture through the kingdome. Painfully gathered for the good of this iland, by a man of great eminence and worth.	Markham, Gervase, 1568?-1637.	1625 (1625)	STC 17363; ESTC S112106	16,514	29

almost in euery part of the Weald of Kent which hee likewise called Dennes as the Denne of Cranbrooke in Cranebrooke the Denne of Hawkehurst in Hawkehurst and such others the which as it seemeth were at the first vndertaken to bee manured by sundry particular persons whose names were then taken from those very Dennes and continued many yeeres together as by ancient euidences it doth yet appeare howsoeuer the age of long time hath now almost worne and consumed them all out of knowledge Neither doth the Weald of Kent containe so many great Mannors or Courts for the proportion of the largenesse as the rest of the Shire doth but was appertaining for a great part thereof to sundry of those Mannors which doe lye at large dispersed thorow the Shire whereof each one had a great portion in the Weald which both in the book of Doomes-day and in sundry the Court Rolls and Rentals passeth by the name of Weald and Silua Porcorum or Swine gatts which were granted to diuers of the Farmers and owners of sundry Tenancies which did belong vnto those Dennes and other Lands within the Weald And albeit these Dens be for the most part good large portions of Land that be now broken into many seuerall possessions so as the same one Denne sufficeth 20. housholders at this day yet it is very likely that each man at the first had his seuerall Den wholly and vnbroken wherof he and his posterity beareth name vntill that the same was by the custome of Gauilkinde by sale or by exchange diuided and distributed amongst others into parts as wee doe now see them But howsoeuer this Weald be of it selfe vnfruitfull as I said and of a barren nature yet so it hath pleased the prouidence of the Almighty to temper the same that by the benefit of Margle or Marle as it is commonly called it may be made not onely equall in fertility with the other grounds of the Shire as well for Corne as Grasse but also superiour to the more and greater part of the same The which manner of bettering the ground is not now newly discouered but was the ancient practize of our Fore-fathers many a yeere agoe as by the innumerable Marle-pits digged and spent so many yeeres past that trees of 200. or 300. yeeres old doe now grow vpon them it may most euidently appeare besides the which we haue mention of Marle in bookes of gainage or husbandry that were written in the dayes of King Edward the 2. or before howbeit the same manner of tillage by meanes of the ciuill warres maintained many yeeres as well in the time of the Barons warres as of the warres betweene the house of Yorke and the Family of Lancaster was so giuen ouer and gone out of vse vntill these 30. or 40. yeeres that it may be said to haue beene then newly borne and reuiued rather then restored because the very true art of inriching the ground by Marle seemeth to lye hidden in part as yet not to be discouered to the full for in this short time we haue seene many arable grounds which for sundry yeeres after the marling of them haue plentifully borne Wheat and other Graine to be now become vnfruitfull and so will they continue albeit they should be now marled againe And this commeth to passe by the ignorance of the right manner of ordering the Marle which is as strong and chearefull as euer it was before howsoeuer it worketh not his naturall effect through the vnskilfulnesse of the Husbandman that both wasteth the Marle and loseth withall his time his labour his cost and the profit of his ground I cannot deny but a man shall see some grounds of nature fit to take Marle and of situation so neere to Marle-pits long time opened that they might be marled plentifully with little charge and haue beene heretofore marled indeed and yet the sameto lye now vnploughed and not onely barren of themselues but also vnapt for Marle and vncapable of amendment by Tillage but I must say withall that albeit the men in those former Ages had the right ordering of Marle yet were they not all good Husbands alike neyther doth the Field ioy alike vnder the Farmer and vnder the very Owner of the same the one seeking the very vttermost gaine that may be made during his short interest and the other indeuouring to perpetuate his commodity euen to the end of his estate which hath no end at all so that through vnskilfulnes of the one and greedinesse in others the ground may sooner be crāmed to death with Marle then it shall be made the better or fatter by it The reason whereof I will reserue vntill that I shall haue cause to teach in particular after what manner and measure the ground is to be marled In the meane-while I will open the nature and conditions of this wealdish ground comparing it with the Soyle of the Shire at large and afterward declare vnto you what the Marle is and what sorts thereof there be vsually found in the Weald of Kent and lastly enter into the true and profitable vse thereof as well in each sort of arable Land as also for the increase of Corne and Pasture thorow the Kingdome The arable ground of this Weald hath commonly a fleet and shallow Mould to be turned vp by the Plough so as in many places the dead Earth or Mould is within three inches of the face of the ground and in the best places the good Mould exceedeth not six inches in depth at the most and therefore it wanteth conuenient substance to nourish Corne any long time but will faint and giue ouer after a Crop or two for the which reason also it cannot yeeld any sweet or deepe Grasse Besides this the Weald hath many copped or hillish grounds out of which there doe many Quits or Springs of water issue that make it cold and barren and from these Hillocks the best part of the good Mould is washed downe into the Water-courses and Dikes that bee made to diuide and draine the Land Furthermore the Weald is diuided into many small inclosures the biggest sort for the most part of which are betweene sixteene Acres and twelue in quantity and thereby hath it many Hedges and Trees which in vnseasonable weather do keepe both the Sunne and Winde from the Corne so as for want of that succour and comfort it groweth and many times rotteth in the Earth so that it carneth not nor eareth nor prospereth not kindely many times And these small Closes are caused by this that men are not able to marle any great part or quantity of ground at once and hauing marled a little they are desirous to sow it with Corne for the preseruation whereof as also for draining it they are inforced to make so many and small seuerals for all which reasons it is plaine that there is little good arable Land there and rarely any good Pasture those onely places excepted which are amended by