election_n of_o a_o prince_n be_v there_o any_o example_n of_o it_o ever_o find_v in_o the_o whole_a world_n to_o conceit_v such_o a_o thing_n be_v to_o imagine_v little_o less_o than_o a_o impossibility_n and_o so_o by_o consequence_n no_o one_o form_n of_o government_n or_o king_n be_v ever_o establish_v according_a to_o this_o suppose_a law_n of_o nature_n 6._o it_o may_v be_v answer_v by_o some_o that_o if_o either_o the_o great_a part_n of_o a_o kingdom_n or_o if_o a_o small_a part_n only_o by_o themselves_o and_o all_o the_o rest_n by_o proxy_n or_o if_o the_o part_n not_o concur_v in_o election_n do_v after_o by_o a_o tacit_fw-la assent_n ratify_v the_o act_n of_o other_o that_o in_o all_o these_o case_n it_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o world_n of_o the_o whole_a multitude_n as_o to_o the_o act_n of_o the_o major_a part_n oâ—_n a_o multitude_n it_o be_v true_a that_o by_o politicâ—_n humane_a constitution_n it_o be_v oft_o ordain_v that_o the_o voice_n of_o the_o most_o shall_v over-rule_v the_o bâ—est_n and_o such_o ordinance_n bind_v because_o where_o man_n be_v assemble_v by_o a_o humane_a power_n that_o power_n that_o do_v assemble_v they_o can_v also_o limit_v and_o direct_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o execution_n of_o that_o power_n and_o by_o such_o derivative_a power_n make_v know_v by_o law_n or_o custom_n either_o the_o great_a part_n or_o two_o three_o or_o three_o part_n of_o five_o or_o the_o like_a have_v power_n to_o oversway_v the_o liberty_n of_o their_o opposite_n but_o in_o assembly_n that_o take_v their_o authority_n from_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n it_o can_v be_v so_o for_o what_o freedom_n or_o liberty_n be_v due_a to_o any_o man_n by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n no_o inferior_a power_n can_v alter_v limit_n or_o diminishâ—_n no_o one_o man_n nor_o a_o multitude_n can_v give_v away_o the_o natural_a right_n of_o another_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n be_v unchangeable_a and_o howsoever_o one_o man_n may_v hinder_v another_o in_o the_o use_n or_o exercise_n of_o his_o natural_a right_n yet_o thereby_o no_o man_n â—oseth_v the_o right_a of_o itself_o for_o the_o right_a â—nd_n the_o use_v of_o the_o right_n may_v be_v distinguish_v as_o right_o and_o possession_n be_v â—oft_o distinct_a therefore_o unless_o it_o can_v be_v prove_v by_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n that_o the_o major_n or_o some_o other_o part_n have_v power_n â—o_o over-rule_v the_o rest_n of_o the_o multitude_n â—t_a must_v follow_v that_o the_o act_n of_o multitude_n not_o entire_a be_v not_o bind_v to_o all_o but_o only_o to_o such_o as_o consent_v unto_o they_o 7._o as_o to_o the_o point_n of_o proxy_n it_o can_v be_v show_v or_o prove_v that_o all_o those_o that_o have_v be_v absent_a from_o popular_a election_n do_v ever_o give_v their_o voice_n to_o some_o of_o their_o fellow_n i_o ask_v but_o one_o example_n out_o of_o the_o history_n of_o the_o whole_a world_n let_v the_o commonweal_n be_v but_o name_v wherever_o the_o multitude_n or_o so_o much_o as_o the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o consent_v either_o by_o voice_n or_o by_o procuration_n to_o the_o election_n of_o a_o prince_n the_o ambition_n sometime_o of_o one_o man_n sometime_o of_o many_o or_o the_o faction_n of_o a_o city_n or_o citizen_n or_o the_o mutiny_n of_o a_o army_n have_v set_v up_o or_o put_v down_o prince_n but_o they_o have_v never_o tarry_v for_o this_o pretend_a order_n by_o proceed_v of_o the_o whole_a multitude_n last_o if_o the_o silent_a acceptation_n oâ—_n a_o governor_n by_o part_n of_o the_o people_n be_v a_o argument_n of_o their_o concur_v iâ—_n the_o election_n of_o he_o by_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o tacit_fw-la assent_n of_o the_o whole_a commonwealth_n may_v be_v maintain_v from_o whence_o it_o follow_v that_o every_o prince_n that_o come_v to_o a_o crown_n either_o by_o succession_n conquest_n or_o usurpation_n may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v elect_v by_o the_o people_n which_o inference_n be_v too_o ridiculous_a for_o in_o such_o case_n the_o people_n be_v so_o far_o from_o the_o liberty_n of_o specification_n that_o they_o want_v even_o that_o of_o contradiction_n 8._o but_o it_o be_v in_o vain_a to_o argue_v against_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n in_o the_o election_n of_o king_n as_o long_o as_o man_n be_v persuade_v that_o example_n of_o it_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o scripture_n it_o be_v fit_a therefore_o to_o discover_v the_o ground_n of_o this_o error_n it_o be_v plain_a by_o a_o evident_a text_n that_o it_o be_v one_o thing_n to_o choose_v a_o king_n and_o another_o thing_n to_o set_v up_o a_o king_n over_o the_o people_n this_o latter_a power_n the_o child_n of_o israel_n have_v but_o not_o the_o former_a this_o distinction_n be_v find_v most_o evident_a in_o deut._n 17._o 15._o where_o the_o law_n of_o god_n say_v he_o shall_v thou_o set_v king_n over_o thou_o who_o â—â—e_v lord_n shall_v choose_v so_o god_n must_v eliâ—e_v and_o the_o people_n only_o do_v constitute_v mr._n hooker_n in_o his_o eight_o book_n â—f_o ecclesiastical_a policy_n clear_o expound_v â—is_n distinction_n the_o word_n be_v worthy_a â—â—e_v cite_v heap_n of_o scripture_n say_v he_o â—e_v allege_v concern_v the_o solemn_a coronation_n or_o inauguration_n of_o saul_n david_n summon_v and_o other_o by_o noble_n ancient_n and_o the_o people_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o isrâ—el_n as_o if_o these_o solemnity_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o deed_n whereby_o the_o right_a of_o dominion_n be_v give_v which_o strange_a untrue_a and_o unnatural_a conceit_n be_v set_v abroad_o by_o â—ed-men_n of_o rebellion_n only_o to_o animate_v â—nquiet_a spirit_n and_o to_o feed_v they_o with_o possibility_n of_o aspire_a unto_o the_o throne_n they_o can_v win_v the_o heart_n of_o the_o people_n whatsoever_o hereditary_a title_n any_o other_o before_o they_o may_v have_v i_o say_v these_o â—njust_a and_o insolent_a position_n i_o will_v â—ot_n mention_v be_v it_o not_o thereby_o to_o make_v the_o countenance_n of_o â—ruth_n more_o orient_a for_o unless_o we_o will_v open_o proclaim_v defiance_n unto_o all_o â—aw_v equity_n and_o reason_n we_o must_v for_o â—here_o be_v no_o other_o remedy_n acknowledge_v that_o in_o kingdom_n hereditary_a birthright_n give_v right_o unto_o sovereign_n dominion_n and_o the_o death_n of_o the_o predecessor_n put_v the_o successor_n by_o blood_n in_o sâ—sin_n those_o public_a solemnity_n before_o mention_v do_v either_o serve_v for_o a_o open_a testification_n of_o the_o inheritor_n right_a or_o belong_v to_o the_o form_n of_o induciâ—â—_n of_o he_o into_o possession_n of_o that_o thing_n â—â—_o have_v right_o unto_o this_o be_v mr._n hooker_n judgement_n of_o the_o israelite_n power_n tâ—_n set_v a_o king_n over_o themselves_o no_o doubt_n but_o if_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n have_v have_v power_n to_o choose_v their_o king_n they_o will_v never_o have_v make_v choice_n of_o joas_n a_o child_n but_o of_o seven_o year_n old_a nor_o of_o manases_n a_o boy_n of_o twelve_o since_o as_o solomon_n say_v woe_n to_o the_o land_n who_o king_n a_o child_n nor_o be_v it_o probable_a they_o will_v have_v elect_v josias_n but_o a_o very_a child_n and_o a_o son_n to_o so_o wicked_a and_o idoâ—trous_a a_o father_n as_o that_o his_o own_o servant_n murder_v he_o and_o yet_o all_o thâ—_n people_n set_v up_o this_o young_a josias_n anâ—_n slay_v the_o conspirator_n of_o the_o death_n oâ—_n ammon_n his_o father_n which_o justice_n of_o the_o people_n god_n reward_v by_o make_v this_o josias_n the_o most_o religious_a king_n thaâ—_n ever_o that_o nation_n enjoy_v 9_o because_o it_o be_v affirm_v that_o â—e_a people_n have_v power_n to_o choose_v as_o â—ell_v what_o form_n of_o government_n as_o â—hat_n governor_n they_o please_v of_o which_o mind_n be_v bellarmine_n in_o those_o â—aces_n we_o cite_v at_o first_o therefore_o it_o necessary_a to_o examine_v the_o strength_n â—_o what_o be_v say_v in_o defence_n of_o popular_a commonweal_n against_o this_o natural_a form_n of_o kingdom_n which_o i_o maintain_v here_o i_o must_v first_o put_v the_o cardinal_n in_o mind_n of_o what_o he_o affirm_v cold_a blood_n in_o other_o place_n where_o say_v god_n when_o he_o make_v all_o manâ—d_n of_o one_o man_n do_v seem_v open_o to_o â—â—nifie_v that_o he_o rather_o approve_v the_o government_n of_o one_o man_n than_o of_o many_o â—â—ain_o god_n show_v his_o opinion_n â—â—en_o he_o endue_v not_o only_a man_n but_o creature_n with_o a_o natural_a propensiâ—â—_n to_o monarchy_n neither_o can_v it_o be_v doubt_v but_o a_o natural_a propensity_n be_v be_v refer_v to_o god_n who_o be_v auâ—â—or_n of_o nature_n and_o again_o in_o a_o â—â—ird_n place_n what_o form_n of_o government_n god_n confirm_v by_o his_o authoriâ—â—_n may_v be_v gather_v by_o that_o commonâ—al_n which_o he_o institute_v among_o the_o hebrew_n which_o be_v not_o aristocratical_a as_o
flesh_n and_o blood_n for_o that_o it_o prodigal_o destribute_v a_o portion_n of_o liberty_n to_o the_o mean_a of_o the_o multitude_n who_o magnify_v liberty_n as_o if_o the_o height_n of_o humane_a felicity_n be_v only_o to_o be_v find_v in_o it_o never_o remember_v that_o the_o desire_n of_o liberty_n be_v the_o first_o cause_n of_o the_o fall_n of_o adam_n but_o howsoever_o this_o vulgar_a opinion_n have_v of_o late_o obtain_v a_o great_a reputation_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o ancient_a father_n and_o doctor_n of_o the_o primitive_a church_n it_o contradict_v the_o doctrine_n and_o history_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n the_o constant_a practice_n of_o all_o ancient_a monarchy_n and_o the_o very_a principle_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nature_n it_o be_v hard_o to_o say_v whether_o it_o be_v more_o erroneous_a in_o divinity_n or_o dangerous_a in_o policy_n yet_o upon_o the_o ground_n of_o this_o doctrine_n both_o jesuit_n and_o some_o other_o zealous_a favourer_n of_o the_o geneva_n discipline_n have_v build_v a_o perilous_a conclusion_n which_o be_v that_o the_o people_n or_o multitude_n have_v power_n to_o punish_v or_o deprive_v the_o prince_n if_o he_o transgress_v the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n witness_n parson_n and_o buchanan_n the_o first_o under_o the_o name_n of_o dolman_n in_o the_o three_o chapter_n of_o his_o first_o book_n labour_v to_o prove_v that_o king_n have_v be_v lawful_o chastise_v by_o their_o commonwealth_n the_o â—atter_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la regni_fw-la apud_fw-la scotos_fw-gr maintain_v a_o liberty_n of_o the_o people_n to_o depose_v their_o prince_n cardinal_n bellarmine_n and_o calume_n both_o look_v asquint_o this_o way_n this_o desperate_a assertion_n whereby_o king_n be_v make_v subject_a to_o the_o censure_n and_o deprivation_n of_o their_o subject_n follow_v as_o the_o author_n of_o it_o conceive_v as_o a_o necessary_a consequence_n of_o that_o former_a position_n of_o the_o suppose_a natural_a equality_n and_o freedom_n of_o mankind_n and_o liberty_n to_o choose_v what_o form_n of_o government_n it_o please_v and_o though_o sir_n john_n heyward_n adam_n blackwood_n john_n barclay_n and_o some_o other_o have_v learned_o confute_v both_o buchanan_n and_o parson_n and_o brave_o vindicate_v the_o right_n of_o king_n in_o most_o point_n yet_o all_o of_o they_o when_o they_o come_v to_o the_o argument_n draw_v from_o the_o natural_a liberty_n and_o equality_n of_o mankind_n do_v with_o one_o consent_n admit_v it_o for_o a_o truth_n unquestionable_a not_o so_o much_o as_o once_o deny_v or_o oppose_v it_o whereas_o if_o they_o do_v but_o confute_v this_o first_o erroneous_a principle_n the_o whole_a fabric_n of_o this_o vast_a engine_n of_o popular_a sedition_n will_v drop_v down_o of_o itself_o the_o rebellious_a consequence_n which_o follow_v this_o prime_a article_n of_o the_o natural_a freedom_n of_o mankind_n may_v be_v my_o sufficient_a warrant_n for_o a_o modest_a examination_n of_o the_o original_a truth_n of_o it_o much_o have_v be_v say_v and_o by_o many_o for_o the_o affirmative_a equity_n require_v that_o a_o ear_n be_v reserve_v a_o little_a for_o the_o negative_a in_o this_o discourse_n i_o shall_v give_v myself_o these_o caution_n first_o i_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v to_o meddle_v with_o mystery_n of_o state_n such_o arcana_fw-la imperii_fw-la or_o cabinet-councel_n the_o vulgar_a may_v not_o pry_v into_o a_o implicit_a faith_n be_v give_v to_o the_o mean_a artificer_n in_o his_o own_o craft_n how_o much_o more_o be_v it_o then_o due_a to_o a_o prince_n in_o the_o profound_a secret_n of_o government_n the_o cause_n and_o end_n of_o the_o great_a politic_a action_n and_o motion_n of_o state_n dazzle_v the_o eye_n and_o exceed_v the_o capacity_n of_o all_o man_n save_v only_o those_o that_o be_v hourly_o verse_v in_o the_o manage_n public_a affair_n yet_o since_o the_o rule_n for_o each_o man_n to_o know_v in_o what_o to_o obey_v his_o prince_n can_v be_v learn_v without_o a_o relative_a knowledge_n of_o those_o point_n wherein_o a_o sovereign_n may_v command_v it_o be_v necessary_a when_o the_o command_n and_o pleasure_n of_o superior_n come_v abroad_o and_o call_v for_o a_o obedience_n that_o every_o man_n himself_o know_v how_o to_o regulate_v his_o action_n or_o his_o suffering_n for_o according_a to_o the_o quality_n of_o the_o thing_n command_v a_o active_a or_o passive_a obedience_n be_v to_o be_v yield_v and_o this_o be_v not_o to_o limit_v the_o prince_n power_n but_o the_o extent_n of_o the_o subject_n obedience_n by_o give_v to_o caesar_n the_o thing_n that_o be_v caesar_n etc._n etc._n second_o i_o be_o not_o to_o question_v or_o quarrel_v â—â—_o the_o right_n or_o liberty_n of_o this_o or_o any_o other_o nation_n my_o task_n be_v chief_o to_o inquire_v from_o who_o these_o first_o come_v not_o to_o dispute_v what_o or_o how_o many_o these_o be_v but_o whether_o they_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o law_n of_o natural_a liberty_n or_o from_o the_o grace_n and_o bounty_n of_o prince_n my_o desire_n and_o hope_n be_v that_o the_o people_n of_o england_n may_v and_o do_v enjoy_v as_o ample_a privilege_n as_o any_o nation_n under_o heaven_n the_o great_a liberty_n in_o the_o world_n if_o it_o be_v due_o consider_v be_v for_o a_o people_n to_o live_v under_o a_o monarch_n it_o be_v the_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la of_o this_o kingdom_n all_o other_o show_v or_o pretext_n of_o liberty_n be_v but_o several_a degree_n of_o slavery_n and_o a_o liberty_n only_o to_o destroy_v liberty_n if_o such_o as_o maintain_v the_o natural_a liberty_n of_o mankind_n take_v offence_n at_o the_o liberty_n i_o take_v to_o examine_v it_o they_o must_v take_v heed_n that_o they_o do_v not_o deny_v by_o retail_n that_o liberty_n which_o they_o affirm_v by_o wholesale_n for_o if_o the_o thesis_n be_v true_a the_o hypothesis_n will_v follow_v that_o all_o man_n may_v examine_v their_o own_o charter_n deed_n or_o evidence_n by_o which_o they_o claim_v and_o hold_v the_o inheritance_n or_o freehold_a of_o their_o liberty_n three_o i_o must_v not_o detract_v from_o the_o worth_n of_o all_o those_o learned_a man_n who_o be_v of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n in_o the_o point_n of_o natural_a liberty_n the_o profound_a scholar_n that_o ever_o be_v know_v have_v not_o be_v able_a to_o search_v out_o every_o truth_n that_o be_v discoverable_a neither_o aristotle_n in_o philosophy_n nor_o hooker_n in_o divinity_n they_o be_v but_o man_n yet_o i_o reverence_v their_o judgement_n in_o most_o point_n and_o confess_v myself_o behold_v to_o their_o error_n too_o in_o this_o something_o that_o i_o find_v amiss_o in_o their_o opinion_n guide_v i_o in_o the_o discovery_n of_o that_o truth_n which_o i_o persuade_v myself_o they_o miss_v a_o dwarf_n sometime_o may_v see_v that_o which_o a_o giant_n look_v over_o for_o while_o one_o truth_n be_v curious_o search_v after_o another_o must_v necessary_o be_v neglect_v late_o writer_n have_v take_v up_o too_o much_o upon_o trust_n from_o the_o subtle_a schoolman_n who_o to_o be_v sure_a to_o thrust_v down_o the_o king_n below_o the_o pope_n think_v it_o the_o safe_a course_n to_o advance_v the_o people_n above_o the_o king_n that_o so_o the_o papal_a power_n may_v take_v place_n of_o the_o regal_a thus_o many_o a_o ignorant_a subject_n have_v be_v fool_v into_o this_o faith_n that_o a_o man_n may_v become_v a_o martyr_n for_o his_o country_n by_o be_v a_o traitor_n to_o his_o prince_n whereas_o the_o new-coyned_n distinction_n of_o subject_n into_o royalist_n and_o patriot_n be_v most_o unnatural_a since_o the_o relation_n between_o king_n and_o people_n be_v so_o great_a that_o their_o well-being_n be_v so_o reciprocal_a 2_o to_o make_v evident_a the_o ground_n of_o this_o question_n about_o the_o natural_a liberty_n of_o mankind_n i_o will_v lay_v down_o some_o passage_n of_o cardinal_n bellarmine_n that_o may_v best_o unfold_v the_o state_n of_o this_o controversy_n secular_a or_o civil_a power_n say_v he_o be_v institute_v by_o man_n it_o be_v in_o the_o people_n unless_o they_o bestow_v it_o on_o a_o prince_n this_o power_n be_v immediate_o in_o the_o whole_a multitude_n as_o in_o the_o subject_a of_o it_o for_o this_o power_n be_v in_o the_o divine_a law_n but_o the_o divine_a law_n have_v give_v this_o power_n to_o no_o particular_a man_n if_o the_o positive_a law_n be_v take_v away_o there_o be_v leave_v no_o reason_n why_o among_o a_o multitude_n who_o be_v equal_a one_o rather_o than_o another_o shall_v bear_v rule_n over_o the_o rest_n power_n be_v give_v by_o the_o multitude_n to_o one_o man_n or_o to_o more_o by_o the_o same_o law_n of_o nature_n for_o the_o commonwealth_n can_v exercise_v this_o power_n therefore_o it_o be_v bind_v to_o bestow_v it_o upon_o some_o one_o man_n or_o some_o few_o it_o depend_v upon_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o multitude_n
calvin_n say_v but_o plain_o monarchichal_n 10._o now_o if_o god_n as_o bellarmie_a say_v have_v teach_v we_o by_o natural_a instinct_n signify_v to_o we_o by_o the_o creation_n and_o confirm_v by_o his_o own_o example_n the_o excellency_n of_o monarchy_n why_o shall_v bellarmine_n or_o we_o doubt_v but_o that_o it_o be_v natural_a do_v we_o not_o find_v that_o in_o every_o family_n the_o government_n of_o one_o alone_a be_v most_o natural_a god_n do_v always_o govern_v his_o own_o people_n by_o monarchy_n only_o the_o patriarch_n duke_n judge_n and_o king_n weâ—â—_n all_o monarch_n there_o be_v not_o in_o all_o the_o scripture_n mention_n or_o approbation_n oâ—_n any_o other_o form_n of_o government_n aâ—_n the_o time_n when_o scripture_n say_v thâ—_n be_v no_o king_n in_o israel_n but_o that_o eveâ—_n man_n do_v that_o which_o be_v right_o in_o â—â—_o own_o eye_n even_o then_o the_o israelitâ—â—_n be_v under_o the_o kingly_a government_n of_o the_o father_n of_o particular_a family_n for_o in_o the_o consultation_n after_o the_o beâ—_n jamitical_a war_n for_o provide_v wife_n fâ—â—_n the_o benjamite_n we_o find_v the_o elder_n â—â—_o the_o congregation_n bear_v only_a swaâ—â—_n judge_n 21._o 16._o to_o they_o also_o be_v complaint_n to_o be_v make_v as_o appear_v by_o verse_n 22._o and_o though_o mention_v be_v make_v of_o all_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n all_o the_o congregation_n and_o all_o the_o people_n yet_o by_o the_o term_n of_o all_o the_o scripture_n mean_v only_o all_o the_o father_n and_o not_o all_o the_o whole_a multitude_n as_o the_o text_n plain_o expound_v itself_o in_o 2._o chron._n 1._o 2._o where_o solomon_n speak_v â—nto_o all_o israel_n to_o the_o captain_n the_o judge_n and_o to_o every_o governor_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o father_n so_o the_o elder_n of_o israel_n be_v expound_v to_o be_v the_o chief_a of_o the_o father_n of_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n 1_o king_n 8._o 12._o 2_o chron._n 5._o 2._o at_o that_o time_n also_o when_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n beg_v a_o king_n of_o samuel_n they_o be_v govern_v by_o kingly_a power_n god_n out_o of_o a_o special_a love_n and_o care_n to_o the_o house_n of_o israel_n do_v choose_v to_o be_v their_o king_n himself_o and_o do_v govern_v they_o at_o that_o time_n by_o his_o viceroy_n samuel_n and_o his_o â—ons_n and_o therefore_o god_n tell_v samuel_n they_o have_v not_o reject_v thou_o but_o i_o that_o â—_o shall_v not_o reign_v over_o they_o it_o seem_v â—hey_n do_v not_o like_o a_o king_n by_o deputation_n but_o desire_v one_o by_o succession_n like_o all_o the_o nation_n all_o nation_n belike_o have_v king_n then_o and_o those_o by_o inheritance_n not_o by_o election_n for_o we_o do_v not_o find_v the_o israelite_n pray_v that_o they_o themselves_o may_v choose_v their_o own_o king_n they_o dream_v of_o no_o such_o liberty_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v the_o elder_n of_o israel_n gather_v together_o if_o other_o nation_n have_v elect_v their_o own_o king_n no_o doubt_n but_o they_o will_v have_v be_v as_o desirous_a to_o have_v imitate_v other_o nation_n as_o well_o in_o the_o elect_v as_o in_o the_o have_v of_o a_o king_n aristotle_n in_o his_o book_n of_o politic_n when_o he_o come_v to_o compare_v the_o several_a kind_n of_o government_n he_o be_v very_o reserve_v in_o discourse_v what_o form_n hâ—_n think_v best_o he_o dispute_v subtile_o to_o and_o fro_o of_o many_o point_n and_o judicious_o of_o many_o error_n but_o conclude_v nothing_o himself_n in_o all_o those_o book_n i_o find_v little_a commendation_n of_o monarchy_n it_o be_v he_o hap_v to_o live_v in_o those_o time_n when_o the_o grecian_n abound_v with_o several_a commonwealth_n who_o have_v then_o learn_v enough_o to_o make_v they_o seditious_a yet_o in_o his_o ethic_n he_o have_v so_o much_o good_a manner_n as_o to_o confess_v in_o right_n down_o word_n that_o monarchy_n be_v the_o best_a form_n of_o government_n and_o a_o popular_a estate_n the_o worst_a and_o though_o he_o be_v not_o so_o free_a in_o his_o politic_n yet_o the_o necessity_n of_o truth_n have_v here_o and_o there_o extort_a from_o he_o that_o which_o amount_v no_o less_o to_o the_o dignity_n of_o monarchy_n he_o confess_v it_o to_o be_v first_o the_o natural_a and_o the_o divine_a form_n of_o government_n and_o that_o the_o god_n themselves_o do_v live_v under_o a_o monarchy_n what_o can_v a_o heathen_a say_v more_o indeed_o the_o world_n for_o a_o long_a time_n â—new_v no_o other_o sort_n of_o government_n out_o only_a monarchy_n the_o best_a order_n the_o great_a strength_n the_o most_o stability_n and_o easy_a government_n be_v to_o be_v find_v all_o in_o monarchy_n and_o in_o to_o other_o form_n of_o government_n the_o new_a platform_n of_o commonweal_n be_v first_o hatch_v in_o a_o corner_n of_o the_o world_n among_o a_o few_o city_n of_o greece_n which_o have_v be_v imitate_v by_o very_o â—ew_a other_o lace_n those_o very_a city_n be_v first_o for_o many_o year_n govern_v by_o king_n until_o wantonness_n ambition_n or_o faction_n of_o the_o people_n make_v they_o attempt_v new_a kind_n of_o regiment_n all_o which_o mutation_n prove_v most_o bloody_a and_o miserable_a to_o the_o author_n of_o they_o happy_a in_o nothing_o but_o that_o they_o continue_v but_o a_o small_a time_n 11._o a_o little_a to_o manifest_v the_o imperfection_n of_o popular_a government_n let_v we_o but_o examine_v the_o most_o flourish_a democraty_n that_o the_o world_n have_v ever_o know_v i_o mean_v that_o of_o rome_n first_o for_o the_o durability_n at_o the_o most_o it_o last_v but_o 480_o year_n for_o so_o long_o it_o be_v from_o the_o expulsion_n of_o tarquin_n to_o julius_n caesar_n whereas_o both_o the_o assyrian_a monarchy_n last_v without_o interruption_n at_o the_o least_o twelve_o hundred_o year_n and_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o east_n continue_v 1495_o year_n 2._o for_o the_o order_n of_o it_o during_o these_o 480_o year_n there_o be_v not_o any_o one_o settle_a form_n of_o government_n in_o rome_n for_o after_o they_o have_v once_o lose_v the_o natural_a power_n of_o king_n they_o can_v not_o find_v upon_o what_o form_n of_o government_n to_o rest_n their_o fickleness_n be_v a_o evidence_n that_o they_o find_v thing_n amiss_o in_o every_o change_n at_o the_o first_o they_o choose_v two_o annual_a consul_n instead_o of_o king_n second_o those_o do_v not_o please_v they_o long_o but_o they_o must_v have_v tribune_n of_o the_o people_n to_o defend_v their_o liberty_n three_o they_o leave_v tribune_n and_o consul_n and_o choose_v they_o ten_o man_n to_o make_v they_o law_n four_o they_o call_v for_o consul_n and_o tribune_n again_o sometime_o they_o choose_v dictator_n which_o be_v temporary_a king_n and_o sometime_o military_a tribune_n who_o have_v consular_a power_n all_o these_o shift_n cause_v such_o notable_a alteration_n in_o the_o government_n as_o it_o pass_v historian_n to_o find_v out_o any_o perfect_a form_n of_o regiment_n in_o so_o much_o confusion_n one_o while_o the_o senate_n make_v law_n another_o while_n the_o people_n the_o dissension_n which_o be_v daily_o between_o the_o noble_n and_o the_o commons_o breed_v those_o memorable_a sedition_n about_o usury_n about_o marriage_n and_o about_o magistracy_n also_o the_o grecian_a the_o apulian_a and_o the_o drusian_a sedition_n fill_v the_o market-place_n the_o temple_n and_o the_o capitol_n itself_o with_o blood_n of_o the_o citizen_n the_o social_n war_n be_v plain_o civil_a the_o war_n of_o the_o slave_n and_o the_o other_o of_o the_o fencer_n the_o civil_a war_n of_o marius_n and_o sylla_n of_o catiline_n of_o caesar_n and_o pompey_n the_o triumvirate_n of_o augustus_n lepidus_n and_o antonius_n all_o these_o shed_v a_o ocean_n of_o blood_n within_o italy_n and_o the_o street_n of_o rome_n three_o for_o their_o government_n let_v it_o be_v allow_v that_o for_o some_o part_n of_o this_o time_n it_o be_v popular_a yet_o it_o be_v popular_a as_o to_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n only_o and_o not_o as_o to_o the_o dominion_n or_o whole_a empire_n of_o rome_n for_o no_o democraty_n can_v extend_v further_o than_o to_o one_o city_n it_o be_v impossible_a to_o govern_v a_o kingdom_n much_o less_o many_o kingdom_n by_o the_o whole_a people_n or_o by_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o 12._o but_o you_o will_v say_v yet_o the_o roman_a empire_n grow_v all_o up_o under_o this_o kind_n of_o popular_a government_n and_o the_o city_n become_v mistress_n of_o the_o world_n it_o be_v not_o so_o for_o rome_n begin_v her_o empire_n under_o king_n and_o do_v perfect_a it_o under_o emperor_n it_o do_v only_o increase_v under_o that_o popularity_n her_o great_a exaltation_n be_v under_o trajan_n â—s_v her_o long_a peace_n have_v be_v under_o augustus_n even_o at_o those_o time_n when_o the_o roman_a victory_n abroad_o do_v amaze_v the_o world_n than_o the_o
case_n somewhat_o â—ike_a have_v be_v deliver_v by_o former_a â—udges_n who_o all_o receive_v authority_n from_o the_o king_n in_o his_o right_n and_o name_v to_o give_v sentence_n according_a to_o the_o rule_n and_o precedent_n of_o ancient_a time_n and_o where_o precedent_n have_v fail_v the_o judge_n have_v resort_v to_o the_o general_n law_n of_o reason_n and_o according_o give_v judgement_n without_o any_o common_a law_n to_o direct_v they_o nay_o many_o time_n where_o â—here_o have_v be_v precedent_n to_o direct_v â—hey_n upon_o better_a reason_n only_o have_v change_v the_o law_n both_o in_o cause_n crimical_a and_o civil_a and_o have_v not_o insist_v so_o much_o on_o the_o example_n of_o former_a judge_n as_o examine_v and_o correct_v their_o â—easons_n thence_o it_o be_v that_o some_o law_n be_v â—ow_o obsolete_a and_o out_o of_o use_n and_o the_o practise_n quite_o contrary_a to_o what_o it_o be_v in_o former_a time_n as_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n egerton_n prove_v by_o several_a instance_n nor_o be_v this_o speak_v to_o derogate_v from_o the_o common_a law_n for_o the_o case_n stand_v so_o with_o the_o law_n of_o all_o nation_n although_o some_o of_o they_o have_v their_o law_n and_o principle_n write_v and_o establish_v for_o witness_n to_o this_o we_o have_v aristotle_n his_o testimony_n in_o his_o ethique_n and_o in_o several_a place_n in_o his_o politic_n i_o will_v cite_v some_o of_o they_o every_o law_n say_v he_o be_v in_o the_o general_n but_o of_o some_o thing_n there_o can_v be_v no_o general_n law_n when_o therefore_o the_o law_n sqeak_v in_o general_n and_o something_o fall_v out_o after_o beside_o the_o general_n rule_n then_o it_o be_v fit_a that_o what_o the_o lawmaker_n have_v omit_v or_o where_o he_o have_v err_v by_o speak_v general_o it_o shall_v be_v correct_v or_o supply_v as_o if_o the_o lawmaker_n himself_o be_v present_a to_o ordain_v it_o the_o governor_n whether_o hâ—_n be_v one_o man_n or_o more_o aught_o to_o be_v lord_n â—ver_o all_o those_o thing_n whereof_o it_o be_v impossible_a the_o law_n shall_v exact_o speak_v because_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a to_o comprehend_v all_o thing_n under_o general_a rule_n whatsoever_o the_o law_n can_v determine_v it_o leave_v to_o the_o governor_n to_o give_v judgement_n therein_o and_o permit_v they_o to_o rectify_v whatsoever_o upon_o trial_n they_o find_v to_o be_v better_a than_o the_o write_a law_n beside_o all_o law_n be_v of_o themselves_o dumb_a and_o some_o or_o other_o must_v be_v trust_v with_o the_o application_n of_o they_o to_o particular_n by_o examine_v all_o circumstance_n to_o pronounce_v when_o they_o be_v break_v or_o by_o who_o this_o work_n of_o right_a application_n of_o law_n be_v not_o a_o thing_n easy_a or_o obvious_a for_o ordinary_a capacity_n but_o require_v profound_a ability_n of_o nature_n for_o the_o beat_n out_o of_o the_o truth_n witness_v the_o diversity_n and_o sometime_o the_o contrariety_n of_o opinion_n of_o the_o learned_a judge_n in_o some_o difficult_a point_n 10_o since_o this_o be_v the_o common_a condition_n of_o law_n it_o be_v also_o most_o reasonable_a that_o the_o lawmaker_n shall_v be_v trust_v with_o the_o application_n or_o interpretation_n of_o the_o law_n and_o for_o this_o cause_n ancient_o the_o king_n of_o this_o land_n have_v sit_v personal_o in_o court_n of_o judicature_n and_o be_v still_o representative_o present_a in_o all_o court_n the_o judge_n be_v but_o substitute_v and_o call_v the_o king_n justice_n and_o their_o power_n cease_v when_o the_o king_n be_v in_o place_n to_o this_o purpose_n bracton_n that_o learned_a chief_a justice_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o three_o say_v in_o express_a term_n in_o doubtful_a and_o obscure_a point_n the_o interpretation_n and_o will_n of_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n be_v to_o be_v expect_v since_o it_o be_v his_o part_n to_o interpret_v who_o make_v the_o law_n for_o as_o he_o say_v in_o another_o place_n rex_fw-la &_o non_fw-la alius_fw-la debet_fw-la judicare_fw-la si_fw-la solus_fw-la ad_fw-la id_fw-la sufficere_fw-la possit_fw-la etc._n etc._n the_o king_n and_o no_o body_n else_o aught_o to_o give_v judgement_n if_o he_o be_v able_a since_o by_o virtue_n of_o his_o oath_n he_o be_v bind_v to_o it_o therefore_o the_o king_n ought_v to_o exercise_v power_n as_o the_o vicar_n or_o minister_n of_o god_n but_o if_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n be_v not_o able_a to_o determine_v every_o cause_n to_o ease_v part_n of_o his_o pain_n by_o distribute_v the_o burden_n to_o more_o person_n he_o ought_v to_o choose_v wise_a man_n fear_v god_n &c_n &c_n and_o make_v justice_n of_o they_o much_o to_o the_o same_o purpose_n be_v the_o word_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o book_n of_o law_n write_v by_o his_o appointment_n by_o john_n briton_n bishop_n of_o hereford_z we_o will_v say_v he_o that_o our_o own_o jurisdiction_n be_v above_o all_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o our_o realm_n so_o as_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o felony_n trespass_n contract_n and_o in_o all_o other_o action_n personal_n or_o real_a we_o have_v power_n to_o yield_v such_o judgement_n as_o do_v appertain_v without_o other_o process_n wheresoever_o we_o know_v the_o right_a truth_n as_o judge_n neither_o may_v this_o be_v take_v to_o be_v mean_v of_o a_o imaginary_a presence_n of_o the_o king_n person_n in_o his_o court_n because_o he_o do_v immediate_o after_o in_o the_o same_o place_n several_o set_v forth_o by_o themselves_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o his_o ordinary_a court_n but_o must_v necessary_o be_v understand_v of_o a_o jurisdiction_n remain_v in_o the_o king_n be_v royal_a person_n and_o that_o this_o than_o be_v no_o new-made_a law_n or_o first_o bring_v in_o by_o the_o norman_a conquest_n appear_v by_o a_o saxon_a law_n make_v by_o king_n edgar_n in_o these_o word_n as_o i_o find_v they_o in_o mr._n lambert_n nemo_n in_o light_fw-la regem_fw-la appellato_fw-la nisi_fw-la quidem_fw-la domi_fw-la justitiam_fw-la consequi_fw-la aut_fw-la impetrare_fw-la non_fw-la poterit_fw-la sin_n summo_fw-la jure_fw-la domi_fw-la urgeatur_fw-la ad_fw-la regem_fw-la ut_fw-la be_v onus_fw-la aliqua_fw-la ex_fw-la parte_fw-la allevet_fw-la provocato_fw-la let_v no_o man_n in_o suit_n appeal_v to_o the_o king_n unless_o he_o may_v not_o get_v right_o at_o home_n but_o if_o the_o right_n be_v too_o heavy_a for_o he_o then_o let_v he_o go_v to_o the_o king_n to_o have_v it_o ease_v as_o the_o judicial_a power_n of_o king_n be_v exercise_v before_o the_o conquest_n so_o in_o those_o settle_a time_n after_o the_o conquest_n wherein_o parliament_n be_v much_o in_o use_n there_o be_v a_o high-court_n follow_v the_o king_n which_o be_v the_o place_n of_o sovereign_a justice_n both_o for_o matter_n of_o law_n and_o conscience_n as_o may_v appear_v by_o a_o parliament_n in_o edward_n the_o first_o be_v time_n take_v order_n that_o the_o chancellor_n and_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o bench_n shall_v follow_v the_o king_n to_o the_o end_n that_o he_o may_v have_v always_o at_o hand_n able_a man_n for_o his_o direction_n in_o suit_n that_o come_v before_o he_o and_o this_o be_v after_o the_o time_n that_o the_o court_n of_o common-plea_n be_v make_v stationary_a which_o be_v a_o evidence_n that_o the_o king_n reserve_v a_o sovereign_a power_n by_o which_o he_o do_v supply_v the_o want_n or_o correct_v the_o rigour_n of_o the_o common_a law_n because_o the_o positive_a law_n be_v ground_v upon_o that_o which_o happen_v for_o the_o most_o part_n can_v foresee_v every_o particular_a which_o time_n and_o experience_n bring_v forth_o 12._o therefore_o though_o the_o common_a law_n be_v general_o good_a and_o just_a yet_o in_o some_o special_a case_n it_o may_v need_v correction_n by_o reason_n of_o some_o considerable_a circumstance_n fall_v out_o which_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o law-making_a be_v not_o think_v of_o also_o sundry_a thing_n do_v fall_v out_o both_o in_o war_n and_o peace_n that_o require_v extraordinary_a help_n and_o can_v wait_v for_o the_o usual_a care_n of_o common_a law_n the_o which_o be_v not_o perform_v but_o altogether_o after_o one_o sort_n and_o that_o not_o without_o delay_n of_o help_n and_o expense_n of_o time_n so_o that_o although_o all_o cause_n be_v and_o aught_o to_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o ordinary_a process_n of_o common_a law_n yet_o rare_a matter_n from_o time_n to_o time_n do_v grow_v up_o meet_v for_o just_a reason_n to_o be_v refer_v to_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o absolute_a authority_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la have_v be_v understand_v of_o the_o institution_n then_o make_v of_o the_o ordinary_a jurisdiction_n in_o common_a cause_n and_o not_o for_o restraint_n of_o the_o absolute_a authority_n serve_v only_o in_o a_o few_o rare_a and_o singular_a case_n for_o though_o the_o subject_n be_v put_v to_o great_a damage_n by_o false_a