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A10054 A treatise of the nobilitie and excellencye of vvoman kynde, translated out of Latine into englysshe by Dauid Clapam; Declamatio de nobilitate et praecellentia foeminei sexus. English Agrippa von Nettesheim, Heinrich Cornelius, 1486?-1535.; Clapham, David, d. 1551.; Margaret, of Austria, Regent of the Netherlands, 1480-1530. 1542 (1542) STC 203; ESTC S104365 25,704 101

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chylderne cruelly put to deathe for the mayntenaunce of the lawes of her countrey ¶ Dyd not also Theodelina the doughter of the kynge of Bauarians conuerte the Lumbardes to the fayth And Greisilla the sysrer of Henry the fyrste Emperour conuerte the Hungarians Clotildis the daughter of the kyng of Burgundia conuert the Frenche men And a certayn woman called Apostola of a lowe degree conuerted the Hiberians Eche of them turned innumerable people vnto Christis faythe And fynally this is the onely and speciall relygious kynd in whom vnto this day the catholike faith and the continual workes of vertue and goodnesse doo flourysshe and shyne ¶ But to the ende that noo man shuld doubt women to be as able to doo all those thynges that men can let vs handle the matter with examples and we shal fynd that there was neuer noble nor worthy acte in any kynde of vertue doone by men but that as noble hath ben done by women In doinge sacrifyce as the paynyms in olde tyme vsed Melyssa Cibeles was the Mynyster after whose name the other Goddesses that vsed the priestes offyce were callyd Melyssae Also Hypeccaustria was Mineruas mynyster Mera of Venus Iphiginia of Diana And the mynysters of Bacchus were very notable as Thyades Menades Bacche Eliades Mimallonides Eonides Eubiades Bassarides Triaterides Also amonge the Iewes Mary Moses syster entred with Aaron into the Sanctuarie and was taken as a mynyster or priest And although women be forbydden in our religion to vse the order of presthod yet it appereth by hystories that a woman on a tyme by counterfaitynge her kynde was bishoppe of Rome There haue bene in Christis churche many abbasses and nunnes whiche in olde tyme men disdayned not to calle holy mynisters There haue bene among all nations that excelled in prophecienge as Cassandra the Sybilles Mary Moyses sister Delbora Holda Anna Elyzabeth the foure doughters of Philip many other holy womē of later time as Brigida and Heldegardis Furthermore in the inuyncible arte magyke whether it came of good spirytes or bad Circes and Medea wroughte farre greatter wonders than Zoroastes hym self whiche as many suppose was the fyrste fynder of the sayde scyence More ouer in phylosophye many haue ben very excellent as Theano the wyfe of Pythagoras and Dama his daughter was ryghte famous in openynge and declaringe her fathers obscure darke sentences Also Aspasia and Diotima Socrates scholers Mantinea and Philesia Axiochia both scholers to Plato Finally Plotinus highly prayseth Gemina and Amphiclea Lactantius Themisten Christis churche reioyceth in saynt Caterine which being but a lyttell mayde dyd farre passe in lernynge the wyse menne of that tyme. ¶ Let vs not forget in this place the queene Zenobia scholer to the phylosopher Longinus whiche for her great vertue and cunning was called Ephenissa whose holy workis Nichomachus translated into Greke ¶ Let vs speake of the oratours arte and of poetrie Behold here commeth Armesia surna med Androgenea Hortentia Lacera Valeria Copiola Sapho Corinna Cornificia the Romayne Erymna Telia or Thesbia whyche was named an Epigrammatist in Saluste Sempronia in the law ciuyl Calphurnia And were it not that women in our tyme ar forbydden to gyue theym to good lernynges we shulde euen nowe haue women more excellēt in wyt and lernynge than menne What shulde we hereof say that women onely by nature are sene to excelle the very artificers in all sciences Doo not the Grammarians take vppon theym to be the maysters of eloquence And that do we far better lerne of oure nources and mothers than of the Grammarians Dyd not Cornelia fourme and fasshyon the tongues of her moste eloquent sonnes Gracchi Dyd not Istrineus mother teach Syles the sonne of Aripithus kynge of Scythia the Greeke tongue Dydde not the chyldren borne of theym that were sente to inhabyte in straunge countreyes alway obserue and kepe theyr mothers tongue amonge strangers Surely for none other cause Plato and Quintilian so diligentlye ordeyned a mete and conueniente nource for chylderne to be chosen but that the chyldernes tongue speche myght be ryghtlye and discretely fourmed ¶ But nowe be not the poetes in theyr trifles fables the logitians in their cōtentious talking ouercome of women Ther was neuer oratour so good or so happy that in perswasyon coulde get the vpper hande of an harlot What arithmetrician by false recknyng coulde deceyue a woman in payement of her det or what musitian can compare with a woman in singynge and swetenesse of breaste Be not these Phylosophers these astrologians in theyr diuynatiōs forknowleges many tymes inferiours to the coūtrey wiues yea very ofttymes a sely olde woman excelleth the phisitian Socrates hym selfe aboue all other reckned the most wyse man being very aged dyd not disdain to be taught of the womā Aspasia Lyke as Apollo a man so wel lerned in Christis doctrine was not ashamed to be taught of the womā Priscilla ¶ Nowe for prudency you maye take for examples those women Opis for her wysedome counted a goddesse Plotina wyfe of Troianus themperour Amalasuntha the queene of Ostrogottes Emilia the wyfe of Scipio with whō recken Delbora the wyfe of Labidoth a meruaylouse wyse woman whiche as we rede in Iudicum was a certayn tyme Iudge ouer the people of Israel and the chylderne of Israell came vp to her for iudgement in all causes And whan Barach refused to go ageynste their ennemies excepte she wolde go with hym Delbora was chosen capitayne of the host of Israell and sleynge and dyscomfytynge theyr foes she returned home with vyctorie ¶ More ouer it is redde in the fourth boke of kingis that quene Attalia reigned was souerayne Iudge in Ierusalem seuen yeres space And Semiramis after the deathe of kynge Ninus iudged the people .xl. yeres And all the quenes of Ethiope called Candaces were moste wyse and reigned moste myghtely of whomit is written in the actes of the apostels And meruaylouse thynges of them speaketh the faithful writer of antyquytie Iosephus Also Nicania the quene of Saba cam from the ende of the world to here the wysedome of Salomon and as Christ witnesseth she shall condemne all the people of Hierusalem And there was a certain wise woman of Thecoa whyche concluded kynge Dauids demaunde with a question with a ryddle she taught hym and by the exāple of god swaged his wrath Nor here we shulde not forget Abigail and Bathsaba of whiche two Abigail delyuered her husbande from the wrathe of Dauid and after the deathe of her husbande she was queene and wyfe of Dauid The other the mother of Salomon by her prudēcy opteyned that her sonne was kynge ¶ More ouer in the Inuention of thynges Isis Minerua Nicostrata be examples In rulyng of realmes and buyldynge of cities women excelle Semiramis was the souerayne gouernour of the vniuersall worlde Dido was the buylder and queene of Carthage the Amazones were moste worthy in warre and
❧ OF THE NOBILITIE AND EXCELLENCIE OF VVOMANKYNDE ALMYGHTY God the maker nourisher of all thynges the Father and goodnesse of both male and female of hys great bountyfulnes hath create mankynde lyke vnto hym selfe he made them man and woman The diuersitie of which two kyndes standeth onely in the sondry situation of the bodily partes in whiche the vse of generation requireth a necessary differēce He hath giuen but one similitude and lykenes of the sowle to bothe male and female betwene whose sowles there is noo maner dyfference of kynd The woman hathe that same mynd that a man hath that same reason and speche she gothe to the same ende of blysfulnes where shall be noo exception of kynde For after the euangelicall truthe they that ryse in theyr owne proper kynde shall not vse the offyce of theyr kynde but the lykenes of angelles is promysed vnto theym And thus betwene man and woman by substance of the soule one hath no higher preemynence of nobylytye aboue the other but both of them naturally haue equall libertie of dignitie and worthynesse But all other thynges the which be in man besydes the dyuyne substance of the sowle in those thynges the excellente and noble womanheed in a maner infynytely dothe excell the rude grosse kynd of men the whiche thyng we shall playnly proue to be true not with counterfayte and fayre flatteryng wordes nor also with the subtyll sophimes of Logike wherwith many sophisters were wont to blynde and deceyue men but by the auctorytye of moste excellent auctours and true writers of historys and with manifest reasons yea with the testimonies of holye scrypture and by the ordynances and constitutions of lawes ¶ Fyrst to enter into this matter the womā is made so muche more excellent than man in howe moche the name that she hathe receyued is more excellente than hys For Adam soundeth Erthe but Eua is interpretate lyfe and as moche as the lyfe doth excel erth so moche the woman is to be preferred aboue the man Nor there is no cause why this shulde be called a feble argumēt to gyue iugement of thynges by the names For we knowe that the hyghe artyficer and maker of thinges and names fyrst dyd knowe the thynges before he named them which for as moch as he could not be deceyued for thys purpose he made the names that it myght expresse the nature propertye and vse of the thynge For the trouthe of antyque names is suche as the veraye Romayne lawes testyfye that the selfe names are consonāt to the thinges and manifest significations of them Therfore an argument of the names of thinges amonges dyuynes and lawyars is of greate weyghte As we rede written of Nabal after his name is a fole and folyshenes is with him Of this Paule in hys Epistle to the Hebrewes purposynge to shewe the excellency of Chryste vseth this argument sayeng that he is made as moch more excellēt than the aungels as he hath enherited a name more excellente than they And in an other place God hath gyuen hym a name the whiche is aboue al names that in the name of Iesu euery knee shall bowe both of thynges in heauen of thynges vpon earth of thynges vnder theearth Further this thynge to approue there is no smal strengthe of lawes comprehended and conteyned in the bondes of wordes in signification of wordes in conditions and demonstrations in conditions annexed and suche other kyndes of dysputations and highe poyntes and tytles of the lawe as in the same tytles and other lyke a man may perceyue For soo we make argumente and reasons in the lawe of the interpretation of the name also of the strength of the word and vocable Moreouer of the interpretation of the name and also of the dyfynytion and composition and order of the worde For the lawes theym selfes do quyckelye and sharpely consyder the significations of the names that of thē they myghte some thynge interpretate ¶ Also Cyprian againste the Iewes argueth that the fyrste man Adam receyued hys name of the iiii princypal partes of the world that is East weast North and Southe and in the same boke he dothe expound the same name Adam because erth was made flesh althoughe suche exposition dothe dyffer from the tradition and teachyng of Moses sens among the Hebrewes it is not wrytten with foure but with .iii. letters Yet for all that this exposition in so holy a man is not to be dyspraysed for as moche as he was not lerned in the Hebrewe tongue the whiche verye many saynctes and exposytours of holye scrypture to theyr small blame knewe not But if I can not haue lyke leaue and liber tye for the prayse of womanheed after my mynde and iugement to vse lyke etymologie and declaration of the word and name of Eue at the leaste lette me be suffered to speake this one thynge out of the misticall decrees and agreeable wylles of the Cabalistis the very name of a woman to haue more affinitie with the ineffable and in enarrable name of the diuine power almyghtye called Tetragrammaton than the name of man the whiche with the name of god neither in letters nor in figure nor in nombre doth agree ¶ But nowe we wyll leaue these thynges for they be redde of few and of fewer vnderstande they requyre a longer processe than is mete to be spoken of here In the meane season we wol serche oute the excellencie of womanheed not of the name onely but of the very thynges dueties and merites Therfor let vs as they say serch the scriptures and takynge oure grounde at the fyrste creation let vs dispute and reason what dignitie woman obteyned aboue mā whanne she was fyrste made We knowe that whatso euer god almyghty made do chiefely differre in this point that certain of them shuld abyde and remayn for euer more incorruptible and withoute putrifaction and certaine shuld be subiecte vnto corruption mutabilitie and change And in creatynge those thynges god proceded forwarde after thys order he beganne at the more noble and excellente of one thynge and ended at the most noble of an other And thus he created incorruptible angels and soules for so doth saint Augustyne dispute reason that the soules of our fyrste parentes were created with angels before the bodyes were made Furthermore he created incorruptible bodies as the heuēs the sterres and the elementes incorruptible but subiecte to dyuers mutations of the whiche he made al other thinges that be subiecte vnto corruption From the more vyler by seuerall degrees and orders of dignitie agayne ascendynge and goinge vp vnto the perfection of the hole worlde Firste he made minerals thanne thynges vegetable plantes and trees after that thinges lyuinges than brute beastes some crepynge some swymmyng some fleynge Fynally he created two creatures lyke to hym selfe fyrst the male and last the female in whiche female the heuens the erthe and al the goodly ornament of