edward_n iii_o and_o young_a brother_n of_o leonell_n temerous_o against_o rightwiseness_n and_o justice_n by_o force_n and_o arm_n against_o his_o feâ—th_n and_o ligeance_n rered-werre_a at_o flynt_n in_o wâ—les_n against_o the_o seid_v king_n richard_n him_z take_v and_o impâ—esoned_v in_o the_o tower_n of_o london_n of_o great_a violence_n and_o the_o samâ—_n king_n richard_n so_o be_v in_o prison_n and_o lyvy_v usurp_a and_o intrude_v upon_o the_o royal_a power_n estate_n dignity_n preeminence_n possession_n and_o lordship_n aforeseid_v take_v upon_o he_o usurpous_o the_o corone_n and_o name_n of_o king_n and_o lord_n of_o the_o same_o reaume_n and_o lordship_n and_o not_o therewith_o satisfy_v or_o content_a but_o more_o grevous_a thing_n attempt_v wykid_o of_o a_o unnatural_a unmanly_a and_o cruel_a tyranny_n the_o same_o king_n richard_n king_n enoynt_v coron_v and_o consecrate_v and_o his_o liege_n and_o most_o high_a lord_n in_o the_o eâ—th_n against_o god_n law_n manne_n ligeance_n and_o oâ—ch_v of_o fidelite_n with_o uttermost_a punition_n attorment_v murder_v with_o most_o vile_a heinous_a and_o lamentable_a death_n 10._o ibid._n n._n 10._o and_o that_o the_o same_o henry_n unrightwise_o against_o law_n conscience_n and_o custume_n of_o the_o seid_v reaume_n of_o englond_n usurp_v upon_o the_o seid_v corone_n and_o lordship_n and_o that_o he_o and_o also_o henry_n late_o call_v king_n henry_n v._o his_o sonâ—e_z and_o the_o seid_v henry_n late_o call_v king_n henry_n vi_o the_o son_n of_o the_o seid_v henry_n late_o call_v king_n henry_n v._o occupy_v the_o seid_v reaume_n of_o englond_n and_o lordship_n of_o irelond_n and_o exercise_v the_o governaunce_n thereof_o by_o unrightwise_o intrusion_n and_o usurpation_n and_o in_o noon_n otherwise_o it_o be_v true_a the_o distinction_n of_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la and_o de_fw-fr jure_fw-la be_v first_o hear_v of_o in_o this_o very_a parliament_n which_o declare_v the_o hereditary_a right_n of_o the_o house_n of_o york_n in_o in_o the_o first_o of_o edward_n iu._n cap._n 1._o in_o print_n which_o agree_v with_o the_o record_n in_o the_o parliament-roll_n n._n 41._o and_o not_o before_o but_o not_o start_v then_o by_o the_o lawyer_n to_o fiâ—d_v a_o sufficient_a salvo_n for_o the_o king_n of_o the_o house_n of_o lancaster_n but_o a_o expression_n intend_v by_o parliament_n before_o they_o use_v it_o to_o denote_v and_o make_v know_v a_o unlawful_a pretend_a or_o pretence_a kâ—ng_n that_o have_v not_o obtain_v the_o crown_n by_o just_a title_n or_o to_o signify_v a_o usurper_n by_o way_n of_o antithesis_fw-la or_o contradistinction_n to_o a_o k_o ng_z de_fw-mi jure_fw-la or_o in_o right_n for_o this_o very_a parliament_n that_o have_v declare_v henry_n iu_o v._o vi_o usurper_n call_v they_o all_o in_o this_o act_n or_o statute_n king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la or_o in_o deed_n and_o not_o in_o right_n and_o their_o reign_n pretence_a reign_n and_o very_o often_o affirm_v they_o to_o be_v but_o pretence_a king_n such_o as_o do_v not_o reign_v lawful_o nor_o possess_v the_o crown_n by_o just_a title_n and_o that_o this_o be_v the_o intention_n of_o the_o parliament_n in_o the_o use_n of_o this_o expression_n the_o statute_n itself_o will_v inform_v the_o author_n or_o any_o indifferent_a reader_n that_o will_v peruse_v it_o the_o lawyer_n do_v not_o comment_n or_o descant_v upon_o these_o word_n or_o declare_v what_o power_n a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la have_v before_o easter-term_n in_o the_o nine_o of_o edward_n iu._n and_o then_o they_o acknowledge_v henry_n vi_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la in_o the_o instance_n to_o have_v be_v a_o usurper_n and_o that_o he_o be_v not_o king_n forsque_fw-la per_fw-la usurpation_n but_o by_o usurpation_n this_o nine_o of_o edward_n iv_o be_v a_o troublesome_a year_n and_o make-king_n warwick_n in_o all_o probability_n with_o many_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n be_v at_o this_o very_a time_n contrive_v against_o he_o and_o to_o reinthrone_a king_n henry_n for_o in_o july_n follow_v he_o be_v in_o opeâ—_n rebellion_n against_o king_n edward_n and_o about_o the_o end_n of_o that_o month_n or_o beginning_n of_o august_n madâ—_n he_o prisoner_n who_o soon_o make_v his_o escape_n leave_v the_o nation_n and_o go_v into_o holland_n &c_n &c_n and_o on_o the_o six_o of_o october_n in_o that_o year_n henry_n vi._n be_v restore_v the_o earl_n of_o warwick_n be_v popular_a almost_o beyond_o imagination_n and_o probable_o the_o lawyer_n during_o the_o contrivance_n when_o thâ—y_o see_v the_o people_n move_v that_o way_n may_v start_v such_o notion_n about_o the_o power_n of_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la as_o may_v encourage_v the_o undertake_n of_o wâ—â—wick_n and_o his_o friend_n for_o henry_n vi_o against_o edward_n iu._n it_o be_v observable_a that_o the_o judge_n do_v not_o argue_v or_o give_v any_o opinion_n in_o this_o case_n but_o only_o the_o sergeant_n and_o apprentice_n of_o the_o law_n as_o appear_v in_o the_o câ—se_n itself_o 7._o three_o institut_fw-la fol._n 7._o sir_n edward_n coke_n have_v outdo_v the_o year-book_n 9_o ed._n iu._n term._n pasch_fw-mi concern_v whole_a opinion_n the_o author_n may_v read_v mr._n pryn_n etc._n pag._n 482_o etc._n etc._n in_o his_o plea_n for_o the_o hoâ—se_n of_o lord_n this_o be_v a_o brief_a account_n of_o a_o king_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la and_o the_o origin_n of_o the_o expression_n by_o which_o it_o be_v most_o manifest_a that_o by_o the_o parliament-roll_n the_o statute_n and_o case_n of_o the_o nine_o of_o edward_n iu._n he_o be_v no_o other_o than_o a_o pretence_a unlawful_a king_n and_o a_o usurper_n though_o set_v up_o as_o the_o three_o henry_n be_v and_o therefore_o the_o pretend_a distinction_n be_v idle_a as_o may_v also_o further_o appear_v by_o the_o follow_a statute_n which_o because_o not_o common_a be_v here_o recite_v at_o large_a 7._o statute_n at_o large_a 17._o ed._n iu._n c._n 7._o item_n whereas_o in_o the_o most_o dolorous_a absence_n of_o ouâ—_n sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n out_o of_o this_o his_o realm_n be_v in_o the_o party_n of_o holland_n and_o before_o his_o victorious_a regress_n into_o the_o same_o realm_n dor_n rot._n parl._n 17._o ed._n iu._n n._n 34_o this_o writ_n of_o summons_n to_o the_o parliament_n be_v date_v 15._o octobr._n rot._n cl._n 49._o hen._n vi_o m._n 6._o dor_n in_o a_o pretence_a parliament_n unlawful_o and_o by_o usurp_a power_n summon_v by_o the_o rebel_n and_o enemy_n to_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n henry_n vi_o late_a in_o deed_n and_o not_o of_o right_n king_n of_o england_n hold_v in_o the_o palace_n of_o westminster_n the_o 26_o day_n of_o november_n in_o the_o nine_o year_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n that_o now_o be_v under_o the_o colour_a title_n of_o the_o say_v henry_n the_o forty_o nine_o year_n of_o the_o incoation_n of_o his_o pretence_a reign_n and_o the_o first_o year_n of_o the_o readeption_n of_o his_o usurp_a power_n and_o estate_n divers_a and_o many_o matter_n be_v treat_v commune_v wrought_v to_o the_o destruction_n and_o disherison_n of_o our_o sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o his_o blood_n royal_a by_o the_o labour_n and_o exhortation_n of_o person_n not_o fear_v god_n nor_o willing_a to_o be_v under_o the_o rule_n of_o any_o earthly_a prince_n but_o incline_v of_o sensual_a appetite_n to_o have_v the_o whole_a governance_n and_o rule_n of_o this_o realm_n under_o their_o power_n and_o domination_n which_o communication_n treaty_n and_o working_n do_v remain_v in_o write_v and_o some_o exemplify_v whereby_o many_o inconvenience_n may_v ensue_v to_o our_o say_a sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n and_o his_o blood_n royal_a which_o god_n defend_v and_o all_o nobleman_n at_o this_o time_n attend_v about_o the_o king_n and_o all_o his_o other_o liege_n people_n and_o subject_n unless_o due_a remedy_n be_v provide_v in_o this_o behalf_n our_o say_a sovereign_a lord_n the_o king_n by_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a and_o at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o commons_o in_o the_o say_a parliament_n assemble_v and_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o same_o for_o the_o surety_n of_o his_o noble_a person_n his_o noble_a issue_n and_o the_o inheritable_a succession_n of_o the_o same_o and_o for_o the_o surety_n of_o all_o the_o lord_n noblemen_z and_o other_o his_o servant_n and_o subject_n have_v ordain_v and_o establish_v that_o the_o say_v pretence_a parliament_n with_o all_o the_o continuance_n and_o circumstance_n depend_v upon_o the_o same_o be_v void_a and_o of_o none_o effect_n and_o that_o all_o act_n statute_n ordinance_n treat_v communication_n convention_n and_o working_n in_o the_o same_o pretence_a parliament_n treat_v commune_v accord_v wrought_v have_v or_o by_o authority_n of_o the_o same_o parliament_n enact_v and_o ordain_v and_o all_o exemplification_n make_v upon_o the_o same_o or_o any_o part_n of_o they_o and_o every_o of_o
and_o advance_v his_o son_n vortimer_n he_o cite_v mat._n west_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 454._o but_o in_o the_o whole_a story_n there_o be_v not_o one_o syllable_n of_o a_o secret_a league_n in_o mat._n west_n in_o that_o or_o in_o any_o other_o follow_v year_n what_o he_o cite_v in_o the_o margin_n be_v in_o mat._n west_n history_n to_o prevent_v the_o easiness_n supinity_n luxury_n and_o effeminacy_n of_o all_o people_n the_o ignorance_n avarice_n debauchery_n and_o simony_n of_o the_o clergy_n and_o a_o universal_a lapse_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n into_o notorious_a extravagancy_n and_o impiety_n and_o to_o repel_v the_o violence_n and_o hinder_v the_o incursion_n and_o invasion_n of_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n vortigern_n hold_v a_o counsel_n of_o his_o great_a man_n and_o noble_n be_v excite_v thereto_o by_o the_o noise_n and_o clamour_n of_o the_o people_n wherein_o by_o general_a consent_n it_o be_v agree_v to_o call_v the_o saxon_n out_o of_o germany_n to_o their_o aid_n who_o no_o soon_o receive_v the_o invitation_n from_o the_o britain_n by_o special_a messenger_n but_o easy_o grant_v what_o they_o themselves_o have_v a_o thousand_o 49._o thousand_o gildas_n pag._n 46_o 47_o 48_o 49._o time_n wish_v for_o vortigern_n excite_v by_o the_o noysiness_n of_o his_o people_n about_o the_o public_a state_n ask_v the_o advice_n of_o his_o great_a man_n and_o it_o please_v they_o all_o to_o call_v the_o english_a and_o saxon_n out_o of_o germany_n mighty_a in_o arm_n vagabond_n without_o habitation_n with_o prospect_n of_o a_o double_a profit_n that_o they_o may_v easy_o conquer_v their_o enemy_n and_o that_o hitherto_o be_v void_a of_o habitation_n they_o may_v esteem_v it_o a_o vast_a benefit_n to_o inhabit_v a_o nasty_a soil_n or_o poor_a country_n but_o they_o be_v not_o to_o attempt_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o britain_n because_o the_o memory_n of_o the_o advantage_n they_o receive_v by_o come_v thither_o will_v soften_v and_o reduce_v their_o natural_a freity_n or_o barbarity_n the_o advice_n be_v allow_v and_o there_o be_v send_v into_o germany_n envoy_n very_o considerable_a man_n and_o such_o as_o worthy_o represent_v the_o nation_n the_o german_n hear_v what_o they_o have_v a_o thousand_o time_n wish_v for_o 10.20_o for_o malm_n fol._n 3._o b._n n._n 10.20_o etc._n etc._n they_o enter_v at_o first_o with_o great_a joy_n 50._o joy_n ibid._n n._n 40._o 50._o and_o favour_n of_o the_o people_n but_o find_v they_o cheat_v they_o and_o come_v for_o their_o estate_n when_o it_o be_v too_o late_o they_o will_v have_v 20._o have_v ibid._n f._n 4._o a._n n._n 20._o expel_v they_o they_o league_v with_o the_o scot_n who_o they_o be_v send_v for_o to_o expel_v pretend_v they_o be_v not_o sufficient_o reward_v and_o provide_v for_o etc._n etc._n and_o with_o their_o assistance_n waste_v burn_a and_o spoil_v all_o city_n and_o country_n from_o the_o east_n to_o the_o west_n sea_n 56._o sea_n gilled_a c._n 24._o p._n 55_o 56._o part_v of_o the_o story_n cite_v by_o this_o author_n though_o he_o mention_n only_a mat_n west_n be_v from_o geofry_n of_o b._n of_o fol._n 48._o b._n monmouth_n the_o most_o fabulous_a historian_n if_o he_o be_v worthy_a to_o be_v call_v so_o extant_a among_o the_o english_a and_o therefore_o it_o may_v be_v suppose_v this_o tale_n be_v bring_v in_o by_o a_o side_n wind_n and_o father_v upon_o mat._n west_n lues_fw-la acerrima_fw-la &_o acrior_fw-la mox_fw-la hostium_fw-la novorum_fw-la i._n e._n anglorum_fw-la est_fw-la secuta_fw-la 446._o flor._n wigorn_n f._n 541._o ann._n dom._n 446._o quos_fw-la britanni_n unanimi_fw-la consilio_fw-la cum_fw-la rege_fw-la svo_fw-la vortigerio_n quasi_fw-la defensores_fw-la patriae_fw-la ad_fw-la se_fw-la invitandos_fw-la eligerunt_fw-la sed_fw-la statim_fw-la impugnatores_fw-la &_o expugnatores_fw-la senserunt_fw-la a_o more_o sharp_a than_o the_o sharp_a of_o plague_n follow_v which_o be_v of_o the_o new_a enemy_n the_o english_a who_o the_o britain_n by_o unanimous_a counsel_n and_o advice_n with_o their_o king_n vortigern_n have_v choose_v to_o be_v invite_v to_o they_o as_o defender_n of_o the_o country_n but_o they_o present_o prove_v assaulter_n of_o it_o and_o conqueror_n the_o saxon_a chronology_n speak_v to_o the_o same_o purpose_n 447_o purpose_n anno._n 446_o 447_o and_o the_o late_a dean_n of_o st._n paul_n agree_v with_o and_o approve_v of_o these_o relation_n of_o the_o britain_n join_v with_o their_o king_n vortigern_n in_o call_v in_o the_o saxon_n in_o his_o learned_a book_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o british_a church_n 318_o pag._n 304._o 317_o 318_o the_o author_n word_n ibid._n p._n 13._o in_o the_o saxon_a time_n sigebert_n king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o heptarchy_n be_v complain_v of_o for_o misgovernment_n and_o for_o change_v their_o law_n for_o his_o own_o end_n but_o when_o he_o persist_v in_o his_o way_n there_o be_v a_o convention_n of_o the_o nobility_n and_o people_n convenerunt_fw-la nobiles_fw-la regni_fw-la cum_fw-la populo_fw-la universo_fw-it say_v mat._n west_n and_o they_o declare_v themselves_o free_a from_o allegiance_n to_o he_o and_o choose_v kineulfus_fw-la in_o his_o room_n 196._o room_n cum_fw-la autem_fw-la modiâ—_n omnibus_fw-la male_a tractaret_fw-la eos_fw-la legesque_fw-la a_o tecessorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la propter_fw-la coâ—modum_fw-la suum_fw-la vel_fw-la dâ—_n pravaret_fw-la vel_fw-la mutaret_fw-la mat._n west_n a._n 〈◊〉_d 756._o he_o hunt_n l._n â—_o p._n 196._o the_o follow_a word_n here_o omit_v in_o both_o author_n be_v kineulfus_fw-la juvenis_fw-la egregius_fw-la de_fw-la regiâ_fw-la stirpe_fw-la oriundus_fw-la electus_fw-la est_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la history_n both_o hen._n of_o hunt_n and_o from_o he_o mat._n west_n have_v this_o story_n but_o it_o be_v otherwise_o report_v and_o by_o florence_n of_o worcester_n 755._o worcester_n fol._n 57_o an._n dom_fw-la 755._o kineulfus_fw-la de_fw-la prosapiâ_fw-la regis_fw-la cerdicii_n oriundus_fw-la auxilium_fw-la sibi_fw-la ferentibus_fw-la west-saxonicis_a primatibus_fw-la regem_fw-la illorum_fw-la sigebertum_fw-la ob_fw-la multitudinem_fw-la suorum_fw-la factorum_fw-la iniquorum_fw-la regno_fw-la exterminavit_fw-la &_o loco_fw-la ejus_fw-la regnavit_fw-la kineulphus_n of_o the_o stock_n of_o cerdic_n who_o be_v the_o first_o saxon_n king_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_a nobleman_n for_o the_o multitude_n of_o his_o wicked_a action_n that_o be_v kineulf_n pretence_n and_o without_o doubt_v a_o common_a good_a tack_v to_o it_o expel_v sigebert_n the_o kingdom_n except_o out_o of_o hampshire_n and_o he_o reign_v in_o his_o stead_n almost_o the_o same_o relation_n be_v in_o the_o saxon_a annal_n kineulfus_fw-la west-saxonum_n primatibus_fw-la adjutus_fw-la sigeberti_fw-la regnum_fw-la pro_fw-la malefactis_fw-la suis_fw-la totum_fw-la quidem_fw-la exceptâ_fw-la hamtonensium_fw-la provinia_fw-la occupavit_fw-la kineulf_n by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_a nobility_n usurp_v or_o possess_v himself_o of_o sigebert_n whole_a kingdom_n for_o his_o misdeed_n except_o hampshire_n 755._o hampshire_n saxon._n chron._n a._n d._n 755._o whence_o kineulf_n be_v also_o derive_v from_o cerdic_n the_o founder_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_a kingdom_n this_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o heptarchy_n when_o the_o petty_a king_n earls_z and_o pretender_n to_o his_o government_n take_v all_o opportunity_n and_o pretence_n to_o destroy_v and_o overturn_v one_o another_o and_o it_o be_v the_o action_n and_o contrivance_n of_o kineulf_n assist_v by_o the_o rebellious_a and_o mutinous_a subject_n of_o sigebert_n that_o thrust_v he_o out_o of_o his_o kingdom_n malmsbury_n have_v it_o thus_o arripuit_fw-la regnum_fw-la sigebertus_n vir_fw-la apud_fw-la suos_fw-la saevitiâ_fw-la immanis_fw-la idemque_fw-la foris_fw-la ignavia_fw-la perinfamis_fw-la quocirca_fw-la omnium_fw-la odio_fw-la conspirante_fw-la post_fw-la annum_fw-la solio_fw-la deturbatus_fw-la meliori_fw-la locum_fw-la fecit_fw-la 20.30_o fecit_fw-la l._n 1._o fol._n 7._o â—_o n._n 20.30_o suscepit_fw-la regni_fw-la gubernacula_fw-la kienulphus_n clarus_fw-la &_o ille_fw-la quidem_fw-la morum_fw-la compositione_n militiaeque_fw-la gestis_fw-la sigebert_n invade_v or_o seize_v the_o throne_n a_o man_n very_o cruel_a at_o home_n and_o abroad_o very_a infamous_a for_o sloth_n and_o cowardice_n wherefore_o he_o be_v hate_v of_o all_o man_n and_o after_o one_o year_n be_v dethrone_v make_v way_n for_o a_o better_a kineulf_n famous_a for_o his_o good_a temper_n and_o military_a action_n undertake_v the_o government_n in_o these_o three_o most_o authentic_a and_o ancient_a history_n there_o be_v nothing_o of_o a_o convention_n of_o the_o noble_n and_o people_n or_o a_o election_n of_o kineulf_n but_o they_o affirm_v that_o both_o he_o and_o sigebert_n who_o he_o dethrone_v invade_v the_o government_n by_o force_n or_o fraud_n and_o enter_v upon_o it_o by_o indirect_a mean_n and_o by_o such_o it_o be_v to_o be_v keep_v and_o for_o that_o reason_n the_o people_n hate_v sigebert_n the_o author_n word_n p._n 14._o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o mercia_n beornredus_fw-la for_o not_o govern_v by_o the_o law_n be_v by_o a_o convention_n of_o
arise_v the_o royal_a race_n of_o the_o northumber_n anno._n eod_n anno._n florence_n of_o worcester_n say_v in_o provincia_fw-la berniciorum_fw-la ida_n regnum_fw-la suscepit_fw-la &_o 12_o annis_fw-la regnavit_fw-la hic_fw-la ex_fw-la reginis_fw-la sex_n filios_fw-la habuit_fw-la &_o sex_n habuit_fw-la ex_fw-la pellicibus_fw-la exit_fw-la quibus_fw-la regalis_fw-la northanhymbrorum_n prosapia_fw-la propagata_fw-la est_fw-la in_o the_o province_n of_o bernicia_n part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n ida_n take_v the_o kingdom_n he_o have_v six_o son_n by_o his_o queen_n and_o as_o many_o by_o his_o harlot_n from_o who_o the_o royal_a stock_n be_v propagate_v malmsbury_n say_v ida_n reign_v the_o first_o in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n 40._o fol._n 8_o â—_o n._n 40._o but_o whether_o he_o make_v himself_o king_n verum_fw-la atrum_fw-la ipse_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la principatum_fw-la invaserit_fw-la or_o take_v it_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o other_o he_o can_v not_o define_v parum_fw-la definio_fw-la quid_fw-la veritas_fw-la in_o abdito_fw-la est_fw-la in_o brompton_n who_o he_o cite_v in_o the_o margin_n there_o be_v nothing_o to_o be_v find_v of_o a_o election_n but_o only_o that_o the_o northumber_n tumultuous_o set_v up_o some_o king_n and_o murder_v and_o dethrone_v other_o which_o be_v a_o common_a practice_n in_o most_o kingdom_n during_o the_o saxon_a heptarchy_n and_o the_o same_o reason_n the_o author_n give_v that_o he_o will_v not_o meddle_v with_o this_o kingdom_n may_v have_v be_v give_v for_o the_o pass_n by_o all_o the_o other_o except_o the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n the_o author_n word_n p._n 15._o but_o if_o by_o the_o fundamental_a constitution_n allegiance_n be_v indispensable_o due_a to_o the_o next_o rightful_a heir_n in_o this_o monarchy_n how_o come_v aethelsian_a to_o be_v crown_v magno_fw-la consensu_fw-la optimatum_fw-la say_v malmsbury_n when_o he_o be_v not_o the_o rightful_a heir_n history_n â—2_n â—lor_n wiâ—rn_v a_o d._n 24._o f._n â—2_n invictissimus_fw-la rex_fw-la edwardus_fw-la senior_fw-la ex_fw-la hâc_fw-la vitâ_fw-la transiens_fw-la aethelstano_fw-la filio_fw-la regni_fw-la gubernacula_fw-la reliquit_fw-la nec_fw-la multo_fw-la post_fw-la filius_fw-la ejus_fw-la aelfwardus_fw-la alius_fw-la edwardus_fw-la apud_fw-la oxenfordam_n decessit_fw-la &_o sepultus_fw-la est_fw-la ubi_fw-la &_o pater_fw-la illius_fw-la aethelstanus_fw-la vero_fw-la in_o kingestune_n i._n e._n in_o regiâ_fw-la villâ_fw-la in_fw-la regem_fw-la elevatur_fw-la &_o honorificie_fw-la ab_fw-la athelmo_n dorobernensi_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la consecratur_fw-la the_o invincible_a king_n edward_n the_o elder_a pass_v out_o of_o this_o world_n leave_v the_o government_n of_o his_o kingdom_n to_o his_o son_n aethelstan_n and_o not_o long_o after_o he_o his_o son_n aelward_n or_o edward_n die_v at_o oxford_n and_o be_v bury_v where_o his_o father_n be_v but_o or_o then_o aethelstan_n be_v salute_v king_n and_o be_v honourable_o consecrate_a or_o anoint_v and_o crown_v by_o athelm_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n at_o kingston_n anno_fw-la dominicae_fw-la incarnationis_fw-la 924._o 10._o â—lms_n f._n â—_o n._n 10._o aethelstanus_fw-la filius_fw-la edwardi_fw-la regnare_fw-la coepit_fw-la frater_fw-la ejus_fw-la ethelwardus_fw-la alius_fw-la edwardus_fw-la paucis_fw-la diebus_fw-la post_fw-la patrem_fw-la vita_fw-la decedens_fw-la sepulturam_fw-la cum_fw-la eodem_fw-la wintoniae_fw-la meruerat_fw-la this_o be_v what_o florence_n of_o worcester_n say_v and_o needs_o no_o translation_n â—dem_fw-la â—dem_fw-la itaque_fw-la magno_fw-la consensu_fw-la optimatum_fw-la electus_n apud_fw-la regiam_fw-la villam_fw-la quae_fw-la voco_fw-la kingston_n coronatus_n therefore_o be_v elect_v or_o recognize_v by_o full_a consent_n of_o the_o great_a man_n he_o be_v crown_v at_o kingston_n and_o in_o another_o place_n n._n â—_o f._n 27._o â—_o 30._o westm_n 84._o n._n post_fw-la mortem_fw-la patris_fw-la &_o interitum_fw-la fratris_fw-la in_fw-la regem_fw-la apud_fw-la kingston_n coronatus_fw-la est_fw-la anno._n gratiae_n 924._o rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la edwardus_fw-la cognomento_fw-la senior_fw-la diem_fw-la clausit_fw-la extremum_fw-la aethelstanus_fw-la quoque_fw-la filius_fw-la ejus_fw-la primogenitus_fw-la apud_fw-la kingstonam_fw-la rex_fw-la creatus_fw-la ab_fw-la athelmo_n dorobernensi_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la consecratur_fw-la here_o mat._n westm_n say_v aethelstan_n be_v king_n edward_n elder_a son_n which_o be_v true_a after_o his_o brother_n be_v dead_a if_o the_o author_n have_v take_v notice_n of_o these_o historian_n especial_o of_o malmsbury_n who_o he_o cite_v he_o will_v have_v know_v how_o aethelstan_n come_v to_o be_v rightful_a heir_n the_o author_n word_n p._n 15._o some_o say_v from_o a_o old_a monk_n in_o malmsbury_n that_o his_o father_n leave_v he_o his_o crown_n by_o his_o testament_n which_o do_v not_o clear_a the_o difficulty_n as_o to_o the_o inviolable_a right_n of_o succession_n by_o the_o constitution_n but_o this_o can_v be_v true_a for_o his_o elder_a brother_n edward_n die_v after_o his_o father_n and_o none_o pretend_v that_o his_o father_n disinherit_v he_o history_n and_o inquiry_n into_o these_o word_n a_o pretty_a story_n this_o old_a monk_n in_o malmsbury_n be_v william_n of_o malmsbury_n himself_o who_o he_o cite_v but_o two_o line_n before_o jussu_fw-la patris_fw-la in_o testamento_fw-la aethelstanus_fw-la in_o regem_fw-la acclamatus_fw-la est_fw-la this_o the_o historian_n say_v of_o himself_o without_o vouch_v any_o old_a monk_n for_o it_o by_o the_o command_n of_o his_o father_n in_o his_o testament_n aethelstan_n be_v proclaim_v or_o salute_v king_n which_o clear_v the_o difficulty_n about_o election_n and_o the_o state_n have_v power_n to_o dispose_v of_o the_o crown_n as_o to_o the_o truth_n of_o it_o no_o body_n can_v doubt_v that_o observe_v what_o be_v say_v before_o of_o his_o elder_a brother_n edward_n the_o author_n word_n p._n 15._o and_o if_o athelstan_n be_v lawful_a heir_n 939._o m._n westm_n a._n d._n 934._o a._n d._n 939._o what_o make_v he_o to_o dispatch_v his_o brother_n edwin_n out_o of_o the_o way_n and_o to_o build_v two_o monastry_n for_o expiation_n of_o that_o gild_n history_n florence_n of_o worcester_n have_v nothing_o of_o this_o idle_a story_n and_o malmsbury_n from_o who_o matt._n westminster_n transcribe_v the_o very_a word_n of_o it_o and_o add_v something_o of_o his_o own_o do_v not_o believe_v it_o and_o tell_v it_o as_o a_o fable_n but_o before_o he_o begin_v it_o he_o apologise_v for_o tell_v it_o and_o after_o he_o have_v report_v the_o design_n and_o conspiracy_n of_o alfred_n against_o king_n athelstan_n who_o will_v have_v make_v he_o a_o bastard_n and_o so_o keep_v he_o from_o the_o throne_n say_v thus_o et_fw-la haec_fw-la quidem_fw-la fide_fw-la integra_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la conscripsi_fw-la 6._o malmg_n f._n 29_o a._n n._n 10_o l._n 2._o c._n 6._o sequentia_fw-la magis_fw-la cantilenis_fw-la per_fw-la successiones_fw-la temporum_fw-la detritis_fw-la quam_fw-la libri_fw-la ad_fw-la institutiones_fw-la posterorum_fw-la elucubratis_fw-la didicerim_fw-la quae_fw-la ideo_fw-la apposui_fw-la non_fw-la ut_fw-la earum_fw-la veritatem_fw-la defendam_fw-la sed_fw-la ne_fw-la lectorum_fw-la scientiam_fw-la defraudem_fw-la ac_fw-la primum_fw-la de_fw-la nativitate_fw-la dicendum_fw-la and_o these_o thing_n i_o have_v write_v concern_v the_o king_n may_v entire_o be_v believe_v those_o which_o follow_v i_o rather_o learn_v from_o old_a song_n and_o tale_n than_o book_n write_v for_o the_o information_n of_o posterity_n which_o i_o have_v insert_v here_o 40._o ibid._n n._n 20_o 30_o 40._o not_o that_o i_o shall_v defend_v the_o truth_n of_o they_o but_o that_o i_o may_v not_o keep_v from_o the_o reader_n what_o be_v to_o be_v know_v and_o then_o proceed_v to_o tell_v a_o romantic_a prodigy_n of_o a_o shepherd_n beautiful_a daughter_n out_o of_o who_o womb_n a_o moon_n shine_v that_o irradiate_v all_o england_n etc._n etc._n with_o this_o virgin_n edward_n the_o elder_a steal_v a_o leap_n by_o the_o assistance_n of_o his_o sometime_o nurse_n and_o upon_o the_o first_o enjoyment_n of_o she_o beget_v aethelstan_n etc._n etc._n and_o go_v on_o to_o tell_v edwin_n his_o brother_n be_v accuse_v by_o some_o to_o have_v be_v in_o the_o conspiracy_n with_o alfred_n and_o for_o that_o reason_n out_o of_o jealous_o he_o be_v by_o order_n of_o aethelstan_n put_v into_o a_o small_a pinnace_n without_o either_o tackle_n or_o oar_n accompany_v only_o with_o one_o page_n with_o grief_n whereof_o he_o leap_v into_o the_o sea_n and_o drown_v himself_o after_o this_o he_o immediate_o subjoin_v haec_fw-la de_fw-la fratris_fw-la niece_n etsi_fw-la verisimilia_fw-la videantur_fw-la eo_fw-la minùs_fw-la corrobero_fw-la quod_fw-la mirabilem_fw-la suae_fw-la pietatis_fw-la diligentiam_fw-la in_o reliquos_fw-la fratres_fw-la intenderet_fw-la quos_fw-la cum_fw-la pater_fw-la pueros_fw-la admodum_fw-la reliquisset_fw-la ille_fw-la parvos_fw-la magnâ_fw-la dulcedine_fw-la fovit_fw-la &_o adultos_fw-la regni_fw-la consortes_fw-la fecit_fw-la although_o these_o thing_n concern_v the_o death_n of_o his_o brother_n may_v seem_v probable_a yet_o i_o esteem_v they_o less_o firm_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o admirable_a piety_n he_o show_v towards_o his_o other_o brother_n who_o he_o cherish_v with_o great_a kindness_n when_o his_o father_n leave_v they_o very_a
n._n 30._o col._n 1367._o n_o 30._o chr._n norm_a f._n 984_o b.c._n a._n d_o 1150_o m_n wâ—stin_n eod_a an._n henry_n come_v into_o england_n with_o a_o army_n in_o the_o month_n of_o may_n and_o return_v into_o noâ—mandy_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o january_n next_o follow_v without_o success_n in_o the_o year_n 1150._o henry_n take_v possession_n of_o his_o mother_n inheritance_n haereditatem_fw-la matris_fw-la the_o dukedom_n of_o normandy_n and_o do_v homage_n to_o lewâ—s_n king_n of_o france_n for_o it_o his_o father_n geoffrey_n be_v present_a both_o when_o he_o take_v possession_n and_o do_v homage_n and_o they_o return_v together_o from_o paris_n rejoice_v and_o no_o doubt_n if_o they_o two_o be_v so_o well_o please_v with_o what_o have_v be_v do_v the_o mother_n can_v not_o be_v dissatisfy_v nor_o can_v it_o be_v do_v without_o her_o consent_n 1150_o ibidem_fw-la d._n a._n d._n 1150_o on_o the_o seven_o of_o september_n his_o father_n geoffrey_n die_v and_o give_v to_o henry_n dâ—ke_v of_o normandy_n his_o elder_a son_n the_o earldom_n of_o anjou_n henrico_n duci_fw-la normanniae_fw-la primogenito_fw-la svo_fw-la concessit_fw-la comitatam_fw-la andegavensem_fw-la christmas_n chr._n geru._n col._n 1372._o n._n 30._o the_o old_a historian_n begin_v the_o yâ—ar_n at_o christmas_n in_o the_o year_n 1153._o duke_n henry_n all_o thing_n be_v quiet_a beyond_o sea_n come_v with_o some_o force_n into_o england_n on_o the_o one_a of_o january_n his_o come_v be_v not_o soon_o know_v but_o the_o earl_n and_o great_a man_n flock_v to_o he_o and_o upon_o the_o 8_o of_o the_o same_o month_n the_o year_n follow_v the_o agreement_n be_v make_v between_o king_n s_n ephen_o and_o duke_n henry_n matth._n westminster_n say_v it_o be_v make_v a._n d._n 1153._o 1166_o chr._n norm_a f_o 1101._o d_o a._n d._n 1166_o from_o the_o time_n maud_n the_o empress_n leave_v england_n in_o the_o year_n 1147_o she_o be_v not_o so_o much_o as_o mention_v by_o any_o historian_n until_o the_o time_n of_o her_o death_n which_o be_v on_o the_o four_o of_o the_o ides_n or_o 10_o of_o september_n 1166._o from_o these_o particular_n it_o be_v most_o probable_a if_o not_o certain_a that_o she_o be_v satisfy_v with_o and_o consent_v to_o this_o agreement_n either_o at_o the_o time_n it_o be_v make_v or_o by_o session_n from_o the_o kingdom_n and_o government_n by_o relinquish_a it_o and_o leave_v the_o whoâ—e_a management_n to_o her_o son_n who_o be_v now_o duke_n of_o normandy_n earl_n of_o anjou_n c._n ibid._n f._n 985._o c._n and_o in_o right_a of_o his_o wife_n alienor_fw-la duke_n of_o aquitain_n and_o be_v now_o above_o twenty_o year_n of_o age_n fit_a for_o action_n when_o he_o come_v for_o england_n she_o be_v in_o her_o decline_a age_n her_o year_n be_v then_o about_o fifty_o and_o fix_v her_o mind_n upon_o work_n of_o charity_n she_o spend_v the_o rest_n of_o her_o day_n in_o perform_v of_o they_o d._n ib._n f._n 1101._o d._n for_o she_o build_v three_o monastery_n in_o normandy_n one_o of_o cistersian_o in_o the_o country_n of_o caux_n another_o of_o canon_n near_a cherburgh_n and_o a_o three_o of_o canon_n in_o the_o forest_n of_o goser_n and_o for_o the_o build_n of_o the_o stone_n bridge_n of_o rhoven_n over_o the_o river_n seyn_fw-mi which_o have_v be_v begin_v by_o she_o she_o give_v a_o great_a sum_n of_o money_n she_o be_v a_o woman_n of_o a_o very_a brisk_a and_o high_a spirit_n as_o appear_v by_o her_o action_n in_o england_n and_o after_o she_o leave_v it_o she_o live_v nineteen_o year_n and_o twelve_o or_o thirteen_o after_o her_o son_n be_v king_n so_o as_o if_o she_o have_v not_o relinquish_v she_o right_o to_o england_n as_o she_o have_v do_v about_o three_o year_n before_o this_o agreement_n to_o normandy_n the_o historian_n can_v not_o have_v be_v so_o silent_a concern_v she_o so_o that_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o such_o as_o have_v take_v the_o three_o oath_n be_v safe_a for_o upon_o maâ—d's_n session_n or_o relinquish_a her_o right_a the_o obligation_n of_o the_o oath_n make_v to_o she_o cease_v then_o the_o oath_n make_v to_o stephen_n see_v it_o be_v do_v by_o the_o consent_n of_o henry_n who_o have_v the_o right_n become_v lawful_a and_o three_o theâ—e_n can_v be_v no_o scruple_n about_o the_o legality_n of_o the_o oath_n make_v to_o h_n nry_n who_o upon_o the_o session_n of_o his_o mother_n have_v the_o hereditary_a right_n and_o this_o be_v suggest_v and_o own_a in_o the_o agreement_n but_o the_o author_n say_v the_o general_a good_a of_o the_o nation_n must_v give_v a_o equitable_a sense_n of_o these_o oath_n or_o there_o must_v be_v perjury_n on_o all_o side_n what_o can_v this_o general_a good_a then_o be_v it_o can_v not_o be_v the_o public_a of_o the_o nation_n in_o a_o true_a sense_n for_o the_o buâ—k_n and_o body_n of_o the_o people_n be_v english_a saxon_n for_o though_o the_o norman_n have_v take_v away_o their_o estate_n and_o make_v they_o slave_n as_o appear_v by_o dooms-day-book_n and_o the_o black_a book_n in_o the_o exchequer_n yet_o we_o read_v not_o that_o they_o massacre_v or_o murder_v they_o and_o what_o general_a good_a do_v they_o receive_v by_o or_o what_o equitable_a sense_n do_v or_o can_v what_o be_v general_a good_a to_o they_o give_v to_o the_o norman_n oath_n for_o all_o the_o bishop_n and_o nobleman_n that_o take_v these_o oath_n be_v norman_n all_o the_o bishop_n earl_n and_o baron_n that_o be_v witness_n to_o the_o instrument_n of_o agreement_n and_o swear_v to_o it_o in_o number_n thirty_o seven_o be_v norman_n except_o geoffrey_n of_o monmuth_n a_o welshman_n or_o britain_n than_o bishop_n of_o st._n asaph_n 40._o that_o england_n be_v a_o habitation_n of_o stranger_n mean_v the_o norman_n and_o govern_v by_o foreigner_n malm_n f._n 52._o a._n n._n 40._o malmâ—bury_n write_v at_o this_o time_n and_o say_v when_o he_o write_v there_o be_v no_o natural_a englishman_n a_o duke_n that_o be_v a_o great_a or_o lead_v man_n a_o bishop_n or_o a_o abbot_n all_o sort_n of_o outlandish-man_n devour_v the_o riches_n and_o bowel_n of_o england_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o hope_v this_o misery_n will_v have_v a_o end_n anglia_fw-it facta_fw-la est_fw-la exterorum_fw-la habitatio_fw-la &_o alieniginarum_fw-la dominatio_fw-la nullus_fw-la hodie_fw-la anglus_fw-la vel_fw-la dux_n vel_fw-la pontifex_fw-la vel_fw-la abbas_n advenae_fw-la quique_fw-la divitias_fw-la &_o viscera_fw-la corrodunt_fw-la angliae_fw-la nec_fw-la ulla_fw-la spes_fw-la finiendae_fw-la miseriae_fw-la and_o in_o another_o place_n speak_v of_o the_o battle_n of_o hastings_n he_o say_v 30._o ibid._n f_o 57_o a._n n._n 30._o that_o be_v the_o fatal_a day_n to_o the_o english_a the_o lamentable_a destruction_n of_o his_o sweet_a country_n by_o its_o receive_n new_a lord_n and_o master_n illa_fw-la fuit_fw-la dies_fw-la fatalis_fw-la anglis_fw-la funestum_fw-la excidium_fw-la dulcis_fw-la patriae_fw-la pro_fw-la novorum_fw-la dominorum_fw-la commutatione_n let_v the_o author_n tell_v the_o world_n how_o the_o general_a good_a of_o a_o nation_n that_o be_v miserable_a people_n and_o slave_n can_v give_v a_o equitable_a sense_n of_o their_o conqueror_n and_o cruel_a domineer_a master_n oath_n let_v he_o show_v how_o the_o general_a good_a of_o any_o nation_n can_v give_v a_o equitable_a sense_n to_o the_o oath_n of_o such_o man_n who_o be_v educate_v in_o perjury_n rapine_n murder_n and_o and_o all_o sort_n of_o barbarity_n and_o wickedness_n who_o gain_n and_o advantage_n be_v the_o measure_n of_o all_o their_o action_n in_o the_o year_n 1104_o or_o 1105_o notwithstanding_o all_o the_o great_a norman_n have_v swear_v fealty_n to_o their_o true_a and_o lawful_a duke_n robert_n yet_o when_o henry_n come_v from_o england_n with_o good_a store_n of_o money_n they_o run_v after_o he_o and_o deliver_v to_o he_o castle_n and_o fortify_v to_n 1105_o eadmer_n f._n 80._o lin_v 1._o a_o d._n 1104._o hoved._n f._n 289_o b._n n._n 30_o a._n d._n 1105_o anno_fw-la millesimo_fw-la centesimo_fw-la quinto_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la henricus_fw-la transiit_fw-la mare_fw-la omnes_fw-la autem_fw-la pene_fw-la majores-normannorum_a ad_fw-la ejus_fw-la adventum_fw-la spreto_fw-la comite_fw-la domino_fw-la svo_fw-la cvi_fw-la fidelitatem_fw-la juraverant_fw-la in_fw-la aurum_fw-la &_o argentum_fw-la regis_fw-la quod_fw-la ipse_fw-la de_fw-fr anglia_fw-it portaverat_fw-la cucurrerunt_fw-la eique_fw-la castra_fw-la munitasque_fw-la civitatis_fw-la tradiderunt_fw-la it_o be_v the_o way_n in_o normandy_n and_o from_o thence_o bring_v hither_o when_o any_o earl_n or_o great_a man_n find_v himself_o grieve_v by_o another_o injure_v or_o high_o affront_v they_o frequent_o get_v together_o all_o their_o man_n at_o arm_n their_o other_o tenant_n and_o poor_a dependent_n and_o as_o much_o assistance_n from_o their_o friend_n and_o confederate_n as_o they_o can_v and_o burn_v one_o another_o castle_n or_o house_n destroy_v their_o land_n and_o small_a territory_n and_o