that_o may_v come_v before_o they_o judicial_o to_o the_o end_n that_o the_o trial_n may_v be_v more_o indifferent_a see_v the_o safety_n of_o the_o prisoner_n consist_v in_o the_o indifferency_n of_o the_o court_n 29._o co._n 3._o inss_n 29._o and_o how_o can_v they_o be_v indifferent_a who_o have_v deliver_v their_o opinion_n before_o hand_n without_o hear_v of_o the_o party_n when_o a_o small_a addition_n or_o substraction_n may_v alter_v the_o case_n 5._o judge_n ought_v in_o give_v sentence_n especial_o in_o ambiguous_a case_n a._n co._n lib_fw-la 9_o dowmans_n case_n 13._o a._n to_o avoid_v precipitation_n because_o ad_fw-la poenitentiam_fw-la properat_fw-la cito_fw-la qui_fw-la judicat_fw-la festinatio_fw-la justitiae_fw-la noverca_fw-la touch_v temerity_n or_o hastiness_n take_v these_o foreign_a author_n temeritas_fw-la est_fw-la damnare_fw-la quod_fw-la nescias_fw-la say_v seneca_n temeritate_fw-la omnis_fw-la actio_fw-la vacare_fw-la debet_fw-la ciccro_fw-la 1_o offic._n nihil_fw-la temeâ—itate_fw-la turpius_fw-la id._n dâ—_n natura_n nihil_fw-la a_o gravitate_fw-la sapientis_fw-la temeritate_fw-la disiunctius_fw-la 4._o academic_n deliberabo_n lex_fw-la vult_fw-la nihil_fw-la temere_fw-la fieri_fw-la say_v seneca_n lib._n 2._o controu._n 11._o hitherto_o of_o the_o person_n that_o be_v conversant_a in_o judgement_n touch_v public_a crime_n or_o offence_n 7._o of_o the_o matter_n of_o judgement_n criminal_a and_o how_o they_o be_v bring_v to_o a_o judicial_a decision_n the_o thing_n or_o matter_n of_o public_a or_o criminal_a judgement_n be_v cause_n proceed_v from_o high_a treason_n felony_n or_o other_o misdemeanour_n touch_v high_a treason_n and_o felony_n two_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v observe_v 1._o in_o ancient_a time_n every_o treason_n be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o name_n of_o felony_n but_o not_o e_fw-la contra_fw-la 49._o 2._o e._n 4.14.18_o e._n 4.10.23_o ass_n pl._n 49._o and_o therefore_o in_o our_o ancient_a book_n by_o the_o pardon_n of_o all_o felony_n high_a treason_n or_o counterfeit_v the_o great_a seal_n and_o of_o the_o king_n coin_n etc._n etc._n be_v pardon_v but_o the_o law_n now_o be_v and_o of_o long_a time_n have_v be_v otherwise_o hold_v and_o therefore_o by_o the_o law_n at_o this_o day_n under_o the_o word_n felony_n in_o all_o commission_n etc._n etc._n a._n co._n litt._n 391._o a._n be_v include_v petit_n treason_n murder_n homicide_n burn_v of_o house_n burglary_n robbery_n rape_n etc._n etc._n chance-medley_n se_fw-la defendendo_fw-la and_o petit_fw-fr larceny_n but_o not_o high_a treason_n for_o it_o be_v not_o comprehend_v under_o the_o word_n felony_n and_o therefore_o aught_o to_o be_v especial_o name_v in_o the_o king_n pardon_n or_o charter_n 2._o that_o criminal_a or_o public_a cause_n be_v call_v plea_n of_o the_o crown_n 22._o co._n 2._o inst_z f._n 22._o but_o they_o be_v not_o so_o call_v as_o some_o have_v say_v because_o the_o king_n jure_fw-la coronae_fw-la shall_v have_v the_o suit_n and_o common_a plea_n because_o they_o be_v hold_v by_o common_a person_n for_o a_o plea_n of_o the_o crown_n may_v be_v hold_v betwixt_o common_a person_n as_o a_o appeal_n of_o murder_n robbery_n rape_n mayhem_n etc._n etc._n and_o the_o king_n may_v be_v party_n to_o a_o common_a plea_n as_o a_o quare_fw-la impedit_fw-la and_o the_o like_a but_o now_o how_o these_o criminal_a matter_n be_v bring_v to_o a_o judicial_a hear_n be_v the_o question_n it_o be_v answer_v that_o they_o be_v bring_v by_o way_n of_o accusation_n and_o exception_n accusation_n do_v proceed_v either_o by_o way_n of_o appeal_n accusation_n 1._o of_o accusation_n or_o by_o way_n of_o indictment_n and_o first_o of_o appeal_n appeal_n appeal_n appeal_v appellum_fw-la come_v of_o the_o french_a word_n appeller_n that_o signify_v to_o accuse_v b._n co._n litt._n 123._o b._n 126._o b._n or_o to_o appeal_v or_o appeach_v a_o appeal_n be_v therefore_o a_o accusation_n of_o one_o upon_o another_o with_o a_o purpose_n to_o attaint_v he_o of_o felony_n by_o word_n ordain_v for_o it_o now_o appeal_n be_v of_o three_o sort_n b._n co._n litt._n 287._o b._n 1._o of_o wrong_v to_o his_o successor_n who_o heir_n he_o be_v and_o that_o be_v only_o of_o death_n which_o be_v of_o two_o sort_n of_o murder_n &_o of_o manslaughter_n but_o of_o chancemedley_n no_o appeal_n do_v lie_v as_o touch_v appeal_n of_o murder_n this_o quaere_fw-la be_v put_v qu._n whether_o trial_n of_o murder_n by_o appeal_n aught_o to_o be_v bring_v in_o the_o county_n where_o the_o fact_n be_v commit_v resp_n it_o be_v adjudge_v that_o in_o a_o appeal_n of_o murder_n the_o writ_n shall_v abate_v if_o it_o be_v not_o bring_v in_o the_o county_n where_o the_o fact_n be_v commit_v for_o it_o be_v against_o a_o fundamental_a rule_n of_o law_n that_o a_o trial_n of_o murder_n by_o appeal_n or_o otherwise_o 247._o cro._n 3._o part_n sontley_n v._o price_n 247._o shall_v be_v out_o of_o the_o county_n where_o it_o be_v perpetrate_v and_o for_o this_o cause_n it_o be_v doubt_v at_o the_o common_a law_n where_o a_o stroke_n be_v give_v in_o one_o county_n and_o death_n ensue_v in_o another_o how_o it_o shall_v be_v try_v and_o to_o avoid_v this_o doubt_n the_o stat._n of_o 2._o e._n 6._o be_v make_v but_o it_o always_o be_v clear_a that_o a_o fact_n in_o one_o county_n ought_v not_o to_o be_v try_v in_o another_o note_v the_o stat._n of_o 26._o h._n 8._o c._n 6._o allow_v that_o indictment_n may_v be_v in_o county_n next_o adjoin_v but_o there_o be_v not_o any_o mention_n of_o appeal_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n certiorary_n have_v be_v grant_v to_o remove_v indictment_n out_o of_o the_o grand_a session_n in_o wales_n 2._o of_o wrong_v to_o the_o husband_n and_o be_v by_o the_o wife_n only_o of_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n to_o be_v prosecute_v b._n co._n litt._n 33._o b._n touch_v this_o kind_n of_o appeal_n i_o propose_v these_o query_n with_o resolution_n on_o they_o qu._n 1._o whether_o a_o wife_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la shall_v have_v a_o appeal_n resp_n some_o do_v hold_v and_o so_o do_v i_o that_o a_o wife_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la shall_v have_v a_o appeal_n of_o the_o death_n of_o her_o husband_n but_o only_o she_o that_o be_v wife_n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la in_o favorem_fw-la aquavitae_fw-la and_o that_o there_o ne_fw-mi unque_n accoupse_fw-la en_fw-fr loyal_a matrimony_n shall_v be_v take_v de_fw-la jure_fw-la strict_o qu._n 2._o whether_o the_o wife_n can_v have_v a_o appeal_n although_o she_o can_v have_v a_o writ_n of_o dower_n resp_n the_o wife_n shall_v have_v a_o appeal_n b._n co._n litt._n 33._o b._n where_o she_o can_v have_v a_o writ_n of_o dower_n as_o if_o she_o elope_n etc._n etc._n she_o be_v bar_v of_o her_o dower_n but_o not_o of_o her_o appeal_n 6.63_o west_n 2._o c._n 34._o co._n litt._n 33._o b._n 37._o a._n co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 215_o 35._o h._n 6.63_o and_o the_o reason_n be_v for_o that_o the_o stat._n bar_v she_o of_o her_o dower_n but_o not_o of_o her_o appeal_n so_o if_o the_o husband_n be_v attaint_v of_o treason_n or_o petit_fw-fr treason_n his_o wife_n shall_v not_o be_v endow_v and_o yet_o if_o any_o do_v kill_v he_o the_o wife_n shall_v have_v a_o appeal_n for_o notwithstanding_o the_o attainder_n he_o remain_v her_o husband_n qu._n 3._o whether_o she_o ought_v to_o be_v sole_a and_o unmarried_a that_o bring_v a_o appeal_n of_o her_o husband_n death_n resp_n it_o be_v requisite_a that_o she_o be_v sole_a and_o unmarried_a 1._o 〈◊〉_d the_o woin_n law_n b._n 5._o ct_n 1._o that_o make_v this_o appeal_n for_o if_o she_o marry_v again_o her_o appeal_n be_v go_v though_o the_o new_a marry_a husband_n be_v dead_a within_o the_o year_n and_o day_n after_o his_o death_n that_o be_v slay_v qu._n 4._o whether_o the_o take_n of_o a_o second_o husband_n after_o judgement_n and_o before_o execution_n can_v hinder_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o judgement_n resp_n not_o only_o a_o widow_n which_o have_v a_o appeal_n hang_v abate_v her_o appeal_n and_o lose_v it_o force_n by_o new_a marriage_n but_o also_o if_o after_o judgement_n and_o before_o execution_n 4.41_o sma_fw-la h._n 4.41_o she_o take_v a_o husband_n she_o lose_v the_o execution_n of_o the_o judgement_n qu._n 5_o what_o be_v the_o true_a reason_n why_o a_o woman_n have_v a_o appeal_n de_fw-fr morte_fw-la viri_fw-la resp_n the_o reason_n wherefore_o this_o action_n be_v give_v to_o a_o widow_n be_v not_o as_o glanvil_n make_v it_o quia_fw-la una_fw-la caro_fw-la est_fw-la vir_fw-la &_o uxor_fw-la for_o then_o the_o baron_n may_v have_v a_o appeal_n de_fw-fr morte_fw-la uxoris_fw-la lib._n the_o woman_n lawer_fw-we lib._n which_o be_v never_o grant_v but_o her_o heir_n shall_v have_v it_o but_o the_o true_a reason_n why_o a_o woman_n have_v the_o appeal_n de_fw-fr morte_fw-la viri_fw-la be_v because_o by_o his_o death_n she_o be_v think_v less_o able_a to_o live_v and_o maintain_v herself_o &_o that_o
we_o that_o he_o can_v never_o read_v it_o restrain_v by_o the_o common_a law_n to_o any_o certain_a number_n but_o leave_v to_o the_o discretion_n of_o the_o judge_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n thus_o decem_fw-la homines_fw-la populum_fw-la tres_fw-la collegium_fw-la bartolus_n bartolus_n duo_fw-la congregationem_fw-la &_o quindecim_fw-la turbam_fw-la constituunt_fw-la in_o jure_fw-la civili_fw-la sed_fw-la jure_fw-la in_o communi_fw-la angliae_fw-la tres_fw-la turbam_fw-la faciunt_fw-la 9_o affray_n single_a combat_n and_o challenge_n etc._n etc._n single_n combat_n combat_n 1._o single_a combat_n or_o duel_n between_o any_o of_o the_o king_n subject_n of_o their_o own_o head_n and_o for_o private_a malice_n or_o displeasure_n be_v prohibit_v by_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n for_o in_o settle_a state_n govern_v by_o law_n no_o man_n for_o any_o injury_n whatsoever_o ought_v to_o use_v private_a revenge_n because_o it_o belong_v to_o the_o king_n who_o be_v the_o supreme_a magistrate_n and_o god_n lieutenant_n on_o earth_n and_o the_o law_n herein_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o law_n of_o god_n deut._n 32.35_o 〈◊〉_d 12.19_o it_o be_v also_o against_o the_o law_n of_o naâ—â—â—â—_n and_o nation_n for_o a_o man_n to_o be_v judge_n in_o 〈◊〉_d own_o proper_a cause_n especial_o in_o duel_n where_o fury_n wrath_n malice_n and_o revenge_n be_v the_o rulâ—_n of_o the_o judgement_n hinc_fw-la est_fw-la say_v one_o quâ—d_a legum_n reperta_fw-la est_fw-la sa_fw-it ra_fw-mi reverentia_fw-la ut_fw-la nihil_fw-la manu_fw-la nihil_fw-la proprio_fw-la ageretur_fw-la impulsu_fw-la quid_fw-la enim_fw-la a_o bellica_fw-la confusione_n pax_fw-la tranquilla_fw-la distat_fw-la si_fw-la per_fw-la vim_o litigia_fw-la terminantur_fw-la but_o it_o may_v be_v object_v object_n that_o it_o be_v lawful_a vim_o vi_o repellere_fw-la therefore_o private_a revenge_n be_v lawful_a the_o reason_n of_o the_o consequence_n be_v because_o by_o revenge_n force_n by_o force_n be_v repel_v it_o be_v answer_v resp_n that_o the_o antecedent_n be_v not_o simple_o and_o universal_o true_a vim_fw-la vi_fw-la repellere_fw-la licet_fw-la cum_fw-la moderamine_fw-la inculpatae_fw-la tutelae_fw-la in_fw-la casu_fw-la ultimae_fw-la &_o indeclinabilis_fw-la necessitatis_fw-la non_fw-la semper_fw-la &_o quocumque_fw-la modo_fw-la note_v that_o duel_n be_v lawful_a if_o they_o be_v warrant_v by_o public_a authority_n such_o as_o heretofore_o our_o trial_n by_o batail_n ad_fw-la probandam_fw-la veritatem_fw-la litis_fw-la and_o such_o be_v the_o duel_n betwixt_o david_n &_o goliath_n which_o be_v strike_v by_o public_a warrant_n and_o authority_n vid._n more_o of_o this_o in_o grotius_n lib._n 2._o c._n 1._o nu_fw-la 15._o &_o cap._n 23._o nu_fw-la 10._o note_v further_o that_o albeit_o upon_o the_o single_a combat_n that_o proceed_v not_o from_o public_a authority_n no_o death_n ensue_v nor_o blood_n draw_v affray_n affray_n yet_o the_o very_a combat_n for_o revenge_n be_v a_o affray_n and_o a_o great_a breach_n of_o the_o king_n peace_n a_o affright_n and_o terror_n to_o the_o king_n subject_n and_o be_v to_o be_v punish_v by_o fine_a and_o imprisonment_n and_o to_o find_v surety_n for_o their_o behaviour_n when_o any_o affray_n be_v make_v by_o single_a combat_n any_o slander_n by_o that_o be_v no_o officer_n 178._o co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 178._o may_v endeavour_v to_o part_v they_o and_o prevent_v further_a danger_n and_o the_o law_n do_v encourage_v they_o thereunto_o for_o if_o they_o receive_v any_o harm_n by_o the_o affrayour_n they_o shall_v have_v their_o remedy_n by_o law_n against_o they_o and_o if_o the_o affrayour_n receive_v any_o hurt_n by_o the_o endeavour_v only_o to_o part_v they_o the_o stander_n by_o may_v justify_v the_o same_o and_o the_o affrayour_n have_v no_o remedy_n by_o law_n 56._o 8._o e._n 2._o cor._n 295.22_o ass_n pl._n 56._o but_o if_o either_o of_o the_o party_n be_v slay_v or_o wound_v or_o so_o strike_v as_o he_o fall_v down_o for_o dead_a in_o that_o case_n the_o stander_n by_o aught_o to_o apprehend_v the_o party_n so_o slave_v etc._n etc._n or_o to_o endeavour_v the_o same_o by_o the_o hue_n and_o cry_n or_o else_o for_o his_o escape_n they_o shall_v be_v fine_v and_o imprison_v but_o if_o the_o sheriff_n justice_n of_o peace_n constable_n or_o other_o conservatour_n of_o the_o peace_n do_v not_o part_v the_o affrayour_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o king_n peace_n and_o apprehend_v they_o be_v within_o his_o view_n or_o do_v not_o his_o uttermost_a to_o part_n and_o apprehend_v they_o they_o may_v be_v imprison_v for_o their_o neglect_n thereof_o for_o they_o may_v command_v other_o to_o assist_v they_o and_o therefore_o the_o rule_n hold_v in_o they_o qui_fw-la non_fw-la prohibet_fw-la case_n 3._o h._n 7.10.6_o bedingseilds_n case_n cum_fw-la prohibere_fw-la possit_fw-la in_fw-la culpa_fw-la est_fw-la and_o if_o any_o be_v command_v to_o assist_v they_o therein_o and_o refuse_v or_o neglect_v the_o same_o it_o be_v a_o contempt_n in_o they_o to_o be_v punish_v by_o fine_a and_o imprisonment_n the_o word_n affray_v and_o assault_n be_v indifferent_o use_v of_o most_o man_n and_o that_o also_o in_o some_o of_o our_o book_n case_n but_o yet_o according_a to_o lambards_n opinion_n there_o want_v not_o a_o just_a difference_n between_o they_o for_o affray_n be_v derive_v of_o the_o french_a effrayer_n which_o signify_v to_o terrify_v or_o bring_v fear_n which_o the_o law_n understand_v to_o be_v a_o common_a wrong_n and_o therefore_o be_v it_o enquirable_a in_o the_o turn_v of_o the_o sheriff_n or_o in_o a_o leete_n 4._o h._n 6.10_o and_o 8._o e._n 4.5_o otherwise_o it_o be_v of_o a_o assault_n as_o it_o seem_v by_o those_o very_a book_n yet_o may_v a_o affray_n be_v without_o word_n or_o blow_v give_v as_o if_o a_o man_n shall_v show_v himself_o furnish_v with_o arm_n or_o weapon_n which_o be_v not_o usual_o wear_v and_o bear_v it_o will_v strike_v a_o fear_n into_o other_o that_o be_v not_o arm_v as_o he_o be_v but_o a_o assault_n as_o it_o be_v fetch_v from_o another_o fountain_n namely_o from_o the_o latin_a assultus_fw-la which_o denote_v a_o leap_v or_o fly_v upon_o a_o man_n so_o can_v it_o not_o be_v perform_v without_o the_o offer_n of_o some_o hurtful_a blow_n or_o at_o the_o least_o of_o some_o fearful_a speech_n and_o therefore_o to_o strike_v at_o a_o man_n although_o he_o be_v neither_o hurt_n or_o hit_v with_o the_o blow_n be_v adjudge_v a_o assault_n 22._o ass_n pl._n 60._o for_o this_o assault_n do_v always_o necessary_o imply_v a_o hit_v and_o therefore_o in_o trespass_n of_o assault_n and_o battery_n a_o man_n may_v be_v find_v guilty_a of_o the_o assault_n and_o yet_o be_v excuse_v of_o the_o battery_n 40._o e._n 3.40_o &_o 45._o e._n 3.24_o 3._o challenge_n 215._o co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 158._o v._n hobart_n report_v barrow_n v._o llewillen_n f._n 62._o hickes_n case_n 215._o if_o any_o subject_a by_o word_n message_n or_o write_v challenge_v another_o to_o fight_v with_o he_o this_o be_v a_o offence_n before_o any_o combat_n be_v perform_v and_o punishable_a by_o law_n and_o it_o be_v contra_fw-la pacem_fw-la coronam_fw-la &_o dignitatem_fw-la regis_fw-la for_o prohibetur_fw-la cum_fw-la aliquid_fw-la prohibentur_fw-la etiam_fw-la media_fw-la ad_fw-la illud_fw-la tendentia_fw-la the_o mean_n of_o such_o evil_n as_o well_o as_o the_o end_n be_v to_o be_v prevent_v 10._o libel_n a_o libel_n signify_v a_o criminous_a report_n of_o any_o man_n cast_v abroad_o be_v he_o magistrate_n or_o a_o private_a person_n or_o otherwise_o unlawful_o publish_v in_o writing_n and_o therefore_o for_o distinction_n sake_n it_o be_v call_v a_o infamous_a libel_n or_o pasquil_n it_o matter_n not_o whether_o the_o libel_n be_v true_a or_o false_a or_o whether_o the_o party_n be_v of_o good_a fame_n or_o ill_a fame_n for_o it_o incit_v all_o the_o same_o family_n kindred_n or_o society_n to_o revenge_n and_o so_o tend_v by_o consequence_n to_o the_o effusion_n of_o blood_n and_o to_o the_o breach_n of_o the_o public_a peace_n and_o therefore_o such_o libel_v be_v it_o true_a or_o false_a be_v punishable_a by_o our_o law_n it_o be_v resolve_v in_o the_o star-chamber_n 44._o eliz._n hallywoods_n case_n that_o if_o any_o find_v a_o libel_n and_o will_v preserve_v himself_o out_o of_o danger_n if_o it_o be_v a_o private_a man_n the_o finder_n may_v either_o burn_v it_o or_o present_o deliver_v it_o to_o some_o magistrate_n but_o if_o it_o concern_v a_o magistrate_n or_o public_a person_n he_o ought_v to_o give_v it_o to_o the_o magistrate_n one_o jeffes_n be_v indict_v for_o that_o he_o exhibit_v a_o infamous_a libel_n 175._o cro._n 3._o part_n jeffes_n case_n f._n 175._o direct_v unto_o the_o king_n against_o sir_n ed._n coke_n late_a chief-justice_n of_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o against_o the_o say_a court_n for_o a_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o say_a court_n in_o the_o case_n of_o magdalen_n college_n affirm_v the_o say_a judgement_n to_o be_v treason_n and_o
si_fw-la minus_fw-la idoneus_fw-la sit_fw-la levius_fw-la castigatur_fw-la si_fw-mi fortuito_fw-la incendium_fw-la factum_fw-la sit_fw-la 49.9.11_o d._n 49.9.11_o venia_fw-la indiget_fw-la visi_fw-la tam_fw-la lata_fw-la culpa_fw-la fuit_fw-la ut_fw-la luxuriae_fw-la aut_fw-la dolo_fw-la sit_fw-la proxima_fw-la hitherto_o of_o criminal_a plea_n that_o be_v perpetrate_v against_o the_o king_n and_o commonwealth_n mediate_o but_o principaliter_fw-la in_o singulas_fw-la personas_fw-la i_o proceed_v to_o those_o that_o immediate_o touch_v the_o king_n and_o his_o crown_n and_o they_o be_v 1._o high_a treason_n majestatis_fw-la crimen_fw-la laesae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la stamford_n tell_v we_o that_o the_o king_n be_v the_o preserver_n nourisher_n and_o defender_n of_o all_o his_o people_n and_o that_o by_o his_o great_a travel_n study_n and_o labour_n his_o people_n only_o enjoy_v their_o life_n land_n and_o good_n and_o as_o the_o body_n of_o man_n can_v live_v without_o a_o head_n but_o will_v fall_v to_o the_o ground_n so_o the_o realm_n can_v be_v govern_v without_o a_o head_n which_o be_v the_o king_n agreeable_a to_o that_o of_o seneca_n ille_fw-la est_fw-la vinculum_fw-la per_fw-la quod_fw-la respublica_fw-la cohaeret_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o therefore_o we_o his_o love_a subject_n be_v oblige_v to_o watch_v for_o that_o he_o wake_v for_o we_o and_o primum_fw-la virtutis_fw-la opus_fw-la est_fw-la seruare_fw-la servantem_fw-la cetera_fw-la if_o so_o what_o a_o abominable_a thing_n must_v it_o be_v to_o be_v a_o violator_n of_o kingly_a majesty_n crime_n the_o masesty_n say_v the_o mirror_n est_fw-la un_fw-fr peche_n horrible_a fait_z all_o roy_fw-fr etc._n etc._n tacitus_n call_v crimen_fw-la majestatis_fw-la vinculum_fw-la &_o necessitatem_fw-la silendi_fw-la omnium_fw-la acousationum_fw-la complementum_fw-la and_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n it_o be_v say_v thus_o 48.4.1_o d._n 48.4.1_o proximum_fw-la sacrilegio_fw-la crimen_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la majestatis_fw-la dicitur_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la crimini_fw-la quo_fw-la divina_fw-la majestas_fw-la pulsatur_fw-la high_a treason_n do_v extend_v to_o several_a part_n or_o kind_n viz._n death_n to_o violation_n to_o leave_v of_o warr_n to_o adhere_v to_o the_o king_n enemy_n to_o counterfeit_v the_o great_a seal_n privy_a seal_n and_o the_o king_n coin_n to_o the_o bring_n into_o this_o realm_n counterfeit_a money_n to_o the_o similitude_n of_o his_o majesty_n coin_n of_o these_o several_a part_n in_o their_o order_n 1._o touch_v death_n 1._o to_o compass_v or_o imagine_v the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n be_v crimen_fw-la laesae_fw-la majestatis_fw-la as_o appear_v by_o britton_n and_o fleta_n briiton_n thus_o grand_a treason_n est_fw-fr a_o compasser_n nostre_fw-fr mort_fw-fr fleta_n have_v this_o word_n si_fw-la quis_fw-la mortem_fw-la regis_fw-la ausu_fw-la temerario_fw-la machinatus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la etc._n etc._n quamvis_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la non_fw-la perduxit_fw-la ad_fw-la effectum_fw-la to_o depose_v the_o king_n or_o to_o take_v the_o king_n by_o force_n and_o strong_a hand_n and_o to_o imprison_v he_o until_o he_o have_v yield_v to_o certain_a demand_n this_o be_v a_o sufficient_a overt_a act_n to_o prove_v the_o compass_n and_o imagination_n of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n for_o this_o be_v upon_o the_o matter_n to_o make_v the_o king_n subject_n and_o to_o despoil_v he_o of_o his_o kingly_a office_n of_o royal_a government_n and_o so_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o england_n hill_n 1._o jac._n regis_n in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o lord_n cobham_n lord_n grace_n watson_n and_o clarke_n seminary_n priest_n so_o if_o divers_a conspire_v the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o manner_n how_o and_o thereupon_o provide_v weapon_n powder_n poison_n assay_v harness_n send_v letter_n etc._n etc._n or_o the_o like_a for_o execution_n of_o the_o conspiracy_n this_o be_v a_o sufficient_a overt_a act_n to_o prove_v the_o compass_n and_o imagination_n of_o the_o king_n death_n if_o any_o man_n shall_v attempt_v to_o make_v himself_o so_o strong_a that_o the_o king_n shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o resist_v he_o he_o be_v guilty_a of_o rebellion_n in_o the_o like_a manner_n the_o law_n interprete_v that_o in_o every_o rebellion_n there_o be_v a_o machination_n against_o the_o life_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o depose_n for_o a_o rebel_n will_v not_o suffer_v that_o king_n to_o live_v or_o reign_v which_o may_v afterward_o punish_v or_o revenge_v such_o the_o treason_n or_o rebellion_n these_o thing_n be_v confirm_v 1._o by_o the_o imperial_a or_o civil_a law_n majestatis_fw-la vide_fw-la d._n 48.4.1_o ad_fw-la legem_fw-la juliam_fw-la majestatis_fw-la whereby_o to_o do_v any_o thing_n against_o the_o safety_n of_o the_o prince_n be_v hold_v to_o be_v treason_n 2._o by_o the_o force_n of_o reason_n because_o it_o can_v be_v that_o which_o have_v once_o give_v law_n to_o the_o king_n shall_v ever_o permit_v that_o the_o king_n shall_v recover_v his_o former_a authority_n or_o live_v least_o at_o any_o time_n he_o shall_v recover_v it_o 3._o by_o examplss_o draw_v out_o of_o our_o english_a history_n as_o of_o edward_n the_o second_o and_z richard_z the_o second_o who_o be_v by_o force_n of_o arm_n get_v by_o subject_n into_o their_o power_n be_v not_o long_o after_o depose_v also_o and_o make_v away_o the_o civil_a law_n quamvis_fw-la regulariter_fw-la ratione_fw-la solius_fw-la consensus_fw-la nemo_fw-la ad_fw-la poenam_fw-la obligatur_fw-la sed_fw-la secuto_fw-la demum_fw-la actu_fw-la aliud_fw-la tamen_fw-la obtinet_fw-la in_o crimine_fw-la in_o principe_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la voluntas_fw-la punitur_fw-la sed_fw-la intellige_fw-la talem_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la cum_fw-la qua_fw-la conjunctum_fw-la est_fw-la initium_fw-la facti_fw-la i._n e._n factio_fw-la vel_fw-la conjuratio_fw-la sola_fw-la enim_fw-la &_o nuda_fw-la voluntas_fw-la puniri_fw-la nequit_fw-la note_v that_o there_o be_v difference_n take_v by_o our_o law_n between_o felony_n and_o high_a treason_n for_o it_o be_v not_o felony_n unless_o there_o be_v some_o act_n do_v non_fw-la efficit_fw-la conatus_fw-la nisi_fw-la sequatur_fw-la effectus_fw-la but_o if_o one_o compass_n or_o imagine_v the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n who_o be_v the_o head_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o declare_v his_o compass_n or_o imagination_n by_o word_n or_o write_v it_o be_v high_a treason_n doct._n and_o stud._n lib._n 2._o cap._n 41._o co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 5.12_o h._n 8.36_o b._n 13._o h._n 8.13_o bendlones_n rep._n smith_n v._o spurle_n and_o therefore_o these_o follow_a word_n be_v adjudge_v high_a treason_n viz._n if_o the_o king_n die_v without_o issue_n male_a that_o he_o will_v be_v king_n and_o also_o the_o party_n arraign_v speak_v that_o if_o the_o king_n shall_v commit_v he_o to_o prison_n that_o he_o will_v kill_v he_o with_o his_o dagger_n so_o one_o crobagan_n a_o irish_a man_n be_v arraign_v of_o treason_n for_o that_o he_o be_v the_o king_n subject_n at_o lisbon_n in_o spain_n 332._o cro._n 3._o part_n crohagans_n case_n f._n 332._o use_v these_o word_n i_o will_v kill_v the_o king_n innuendo_fw-la dominum_fw-la carolum_fw-la regem_fw-la angliae_fw-la if_o i_o may_v come_v unto_o he_o and_o that_o in_o august_n 9_o car._n regis_fw-la he_o come_v into_o england_n for_o the_o same_o purpose_n to_o this_o he_o plead_v not-guilty_a and_o be_v try_v by_o a_o jury_n of_o middlesex_n and_o it_o be_v direct_o prove_v by_o two_o merchant_n that_o he_o speak_v these_o word_n at_o lisbon_n in_o spain_n in_o great_a heat_n of_o speech_n with_o captain_n baske_n and_o add_v these_o word_n because_o he_o be_v a_o heretic_n and_o for_o that_o his_o traitorous_a intent_n and_o the_o imagination_n of_o his_o heart_n be_v declare_v by_o these_o word_n it_o be_v hold_v high_a treason_n by_o the_o course_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o within_o the_o express_a word_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o and_o he_o come_v into_o england_n and_o be_v arrre_v by_o warrant_n for_o this_o cause_n most_o insolent_o put_v his_o finger_n into_o his_o mouth_n and_o scornful_o pull_v it_o out_o say_v i_o care_v not_o this_o for_o your_o king_n etc._n etc._n all_o which_o speech_n and_o action_n though_o he_o now_o deny_v the_o jury_n find_v he_o guilty_a whereupon_o he_o have_v judgement_n according_o he_o confess_v that_o he_o be_v a_o dominican_n friar_n and_o make_v priest_n in_o spain_n and_o although_o this_o and_o his_o return_v into_o england_n to_o seduce_v the_o liege-people_n be_v treason_n by_o the_o stat._n of_o 23._o eliz._n yet_o the_o king_n attorney_n say_v he_o will_v not_o proceed_v against_o he_o for_o that_o cause_n but_o upon_o the_o stat._n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o of_o treason_n so_o one_o henry_n challercomb_n be_v indict_v of_o treason_n for_o word_n and_o be_v find_v guilty_a and_o execute_v so_o john_n williams_n be_v also_o indict_v find_v guilty_a and_o execute_v for_o write_v a_o treasonable_a book_n call_v balaam_n case_n these_o two_o last_o precedent_n you_o may_v see_v cite_v in_o pyne_n case_n in_o croak_v three_o part_n of_o his_o report_n it_o be_v common_o
say_v that_o bare_a word_n may_v make_v a_o heretic_n but_o not_o a_o traitor_n without_o a_o overt_a act_n and_o therefore_o to_o make_v compass_v by_o bare_a word_n or_o say_n high_a treason_n it_o must_v be_v by_o some_o particular_a statute_n such_o be_v the_o statute_n of_o 26._o h._n 8._o c._n 13._o 1._o e._n 6._o c._n 13.1_o &_o 2._o phil._n and_o mar._n c._n 9.1_o eliz._n c._n 6.13_o eliz._n c._n 1._o &_o 14._o eliz_n c._n 1._o but_o all_o these_o be_v either_o repeal_v or_o expire_v 140._o co._n 3_o inst_z f._n 140._o yet_o compassing_n or_o imagination_n against_o the_o king_n by_o word_n without_o a_o overt_a act_n be_v a_o high_a misprision_n note_v that_o there_o be_v a_o law_n make_v for_o the_o preservation_n of_o his_o now_o majesty_n be_v person_n and_o government_n 1._o 13._o car._n ii_o reg._n c._n 1._o against_o treasonable_a and_o seditious_a practice_n during_o his_o natural_a life_n which_o god_n long_o continue_v proceed_v from_o printing_n write_v preach_a or_o malicious_a and_o advise_v speak_v note_v further_o that_o to_o calculate_v or_o seek_v to_o know_v by_o set_v of_o a_o figure_n or_o witchcraft_n how_o long_o the_o king_n shall_v reign_v or_o live_v 6._o co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 6._o be_v no_o treason_n for_o it_o be_v no_o compass_n or_o the_o imagination_n of_o the_o death_n of_o the_o king_n within_z the_o stat._n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o and_o this_o appear_v by_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o parliament_n in_o 23._o eliz._n whereby_o this_o offence_n be_v make_v felony_n during_o the_o life_n of_o q._n elizabeth_n which_o before_o be_v punishable_a by_o fine_a and_o imprisonment_n but_o scipio_n gentilis_fw-la in_o his_o first_o book_n de_fw-fr conjuratione_fw-la say_v de_fw-fr vita_fw-la principis_fw-la inquirere_fw-la praesertim_fw-la per_fw-la astrologos_fw-la capital_fw-it esse_fw-la neque_fw-la hoc_fw-la solum_fw-la sed_fw-la etiam_fw-la de_fw-la ea_fw-la dubitare_fw-la vel_fw-la desperare_fw-la pro_fw-la crimine_fw-la majestatis_fw-la bahitum_fw-la esse_fw-la si_fw-la ea_fw-la desperatio_fw-la indiciis_fw-la esset_fw-la aliquibus_fw-la patefacta_fw-la thus_o much_o of_o the_o king_n himself_o if_o any_o do_v compass_n or_o imagine_v the_o death_n of_o the_o queen_n confort_n or_o prince_n proditionibus_fw-la 25._o e._n 3._o c._n 2._o de_fw-fr proditionibus_fw-la the_o king_n son_n be_v heir_n apparent_a to_o the_o crown_n for_o the_o time_n be_v and_o declare_v it_o by_o some_o overt_a act_n the_o very_a intent_n be_v treason_n as_o in_o case_n of_o the_o king_n himself_o if_o a_o man_n slay_v the_o chancellor_n treasurer_n or_o the_o king_n justice_n of_o the_o one_o bench_n or_o the_o other_o justices_z in_o eyre_n or_o justice_n of_o assize_n and_o all_o other_o justice_n assign_v to_o hear_v and_o determine_v 2._o 25._o e._n 3._o c._n 2._o be_v in_o their_o place_n do_v their_o office_n and_o the_o reason_n wherefore_o it_o be_v treason_n in_o these_o case_n be_v because_o sit_v judicial_o in_o their_o place_n that_o be_v in_o the_o king_n court_n and_o do_v their_o office_n in_o administration_n of_o justice_n they_o represent_v the_o king_n person_n who_o by_o his_o oath_n be_v bind_v that_o the_o same_o be_v do_v 2._o touch_v violation_n or_o carnal_a knowledge_n to_o violate_v or_o to_o carnal_o know_v the_o king_n companion_n 2._o 25._o e._n 3._o c._n 2._o or_o the_o king_n elder_a daughter_n unmarried_a or_o the_o wife_n of_o the_o king_n elder_a son_n and_o heir_n apparent_a be_v high_a treason_n the_o reason_n that_o the_o elder_a daughter_n only_o be_v mention_v in_o stat._n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o be_v for_o that_o for_o defaut_n of_o issue_n male_a she_o only_o be_v inheritable_a to_o crown_n 3._o touch_v war._n to_o levy_v war_n against_o our_o lord_n the_o king_n be_v high_a treason_n 2._o 25._o e._n 3._o c._n 2._o this_o be_v so_o by_o the_o common_a law_n for_o no_o subject_n can_v levy_v war_n within_o the_o realm_n without_o authority_n from_o the_o king_n for_o to_o he_o it_o only_o belong_v f._n n._n b._n 113._o co._n lib._n 2._o wiseman_n case_n f._n 15._o b._n in_o the_o code_o of_o justinian_n be_v extant_a the_o constitution_n of_o valentinian_n and_o valens_n nulli_fw-la prorsus_fw-la nobis_fw-la insciis_fw-la atque_fw-la inconsultis_fw-la quorumlibet_fw-la armorum_fw-la movendorum_fw-la copia_fw-la tribuatur_fw-la huc_fw-la pertinet_fw-la illud_fw-la augustius_fw-la ordo_fw-la naturalis_fw-la mortalium_fw-la paci_fw-la accommodatus_fw-la hoc_fw-la poscit_fw-la ut_fw-la suscipiendi_fw-la belli_n auctoritas_fw-la atque_fw-la consilium_fw-la penes_fw-la principes_fw-la sit_fw-la if_o any_o levy_n war_n to_o expulse_v stranger_n to_o deliver_v man_n out_o of_o prison_n to_o remove_v counsellor_n 9_o co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 9_o or_o against_o any_o statute_n or_o to_o any_o other_o end_n pretend_v reformation_n this_o be_v levy_v of_o war_n against_o the_o king_n because_o they_o take_v upon_o they_o royal_a authority_n which_o be_v against_o the_o king_n so_o if_o any_o with_o strength_n and_o weapon_n invasive_a and_o defensive_a do_v hold_v and_o defend_v a_o castle_n or_o fort_n 10._o co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 10._o against_o the_o king_n and_o his_o power_n this_o be_v levy_v of_o war_n against_o the_o king_n within_o the_o statute_n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o one_o thomas_n bensted_n be_v indict_v and_o arraign_v before_o special_a commissioner_n of_o oyer_n and_o terminer_n in_o southwark_n 583._o cro._n 3._o part_n bensteds_n cafe_z f._n 583._o wherem_fw-la all_o the_o justice_n and_o baron_n be_v in_o commission_n and_o present_a at_o which_o time_n upon_o conference_n with_o all_o the_o justice_n it_o be_v resolve_v first_o that_o go_v to_o lambeth_n house_n in_o warlike_a manner_n to_o surprise_v the_o archbishop_n who_o be_v a_o privy_a counsellor_n it_o be_v with_o drum_n and_o a_o multitude_n as_o the_o indictment_n be_v to_o the_o number_n of_o 300._o person_n be_v treason_n and_o second_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o ten_o of_o the_o say_a justice_n seriatim_o that_o the_o break_n of_o a_o prison_n wherein_o traitor_n be_v in_o durance_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o escape_v be_v treason_n although_o the_o party_n do_v not_o know_v that_o there_o be_v any_o traitor_n three_o upon_o the_o stat._n of_o 1_o h._n 6._o c._n 5._o and_o so_o to_o break_v a_o prison_n whereby_o felon_n escape_v be_v felony_n without_o know_v they_o to_o be_v imprison_v for_o such_o offence_n note_v a_o compass_v or_o conspiracy_n to_o levy_v war_n be_v no_o treason_n for_o there_o must_v be_v a_o levy_n of_o war_n de_fw-fr facto_fw-la 4._o touch_v adhesion_n to_o the_o king_n enemy_n if_o a_o man_n be_v adherent_a to_o the_o king_n enemy_n in_o his_o realm_n 2._o 25._o e._n 3._o c._n 2._o give_v to_o they_o aid_n and_o comfort_n in_o the_o realm_n or_o elsewhere_o it_o be_v high_a treason_n have_v give_v you_o the_o word_n of_o the_o stat._n 25._o e._n 3._o i_o propose_v these_o query_n whether_o the_o delivery_n of_o a_o castle_n or_o fort_n to_o a_o enemy_n be_v a_o adhere_n to_o the_o king_n enemy_n qu._n 1_o to_o deliver_v or_o surrender_v the_o king_n castle_n resp_n or_o fort_n by_o the_o king_n captain_n thereof_o to_o the_o king_n enemy_n within_o the_o realm_n or_o without_o for_o reward_n etc._n etc._n be_v a_o adhere_n to_o the_o king_n enemy_n and_o consequent_o treason_n declare_v by_o the_o act_n of_o 25._o e._n 3_o whether_o the_o aid_a or_o succour_v of_o a_o rebel_n beyond_o sea_n be_v treason_n qu._n 1_o a_o resp_n resp_n be_v out_o of_o the_o realm_n at_o the_o time_n of_o a_o rebellion_n within_o england_n and_o one_o of_o the_o rebel_n do_v fly_v out_o of_o the_o ream_n 298._o co._n 3._o inst_z f._n 10._o 13._o eliz._n dyer_n f._n 298._o who_o a_o know_v his_o treason_n do_v aid_n or_o succour_n this_o be_v no_o treason_n in_o a_o by_o the_o stat._n of_o 25._o e._n 3._o because_o the_o traitor_n be_v no_o enemy_n utrum_fw-la exteri_fw-la qu._n 2_o qui_fw-la cum_fw-la subditis_fw-la contra_fw-la principem_fw-la militant_a rebel_n sint_fw-la habendi_fw-la a_o enemy_n come_v in_o open_a hostility_n into_o england_n resp_n resp_n and_o take_v shall_v be_v either_o execute_v by_o marshal_n law_n or_o ransom_v case_n dyer_n 4._o mar._n f._n 145._o a._n co._n lib._n 7._o calevins_n case_n for_o he_o can_v be_v indict_v of_o treason_n for_o that_o he_o be_v never_o within_o the_o protection_n or_o ligeance_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o indictment_n of_o treason_n say_v contra_fw-la ligeantiam_fw-la svam_fw-la debitam_fw-la but_o if_o a_o subject_a join_v with_o a_o foreign_a enemy_n and_o come_v into_o england_n with_o he_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v take_v prisoner_n here_o 298._o 13._o eliz._n dyer_n f._n 298._o and_o ransom_v or_o proceed_v with_o as_o a_o enemy_n shall_v but_o he_o shall_v be_v take_v as_o a_o traitor_n to_o the_o king_n whether_o a_o english_a man_n bear_v consult_v with_o a_o foreign_a prince_n to_o