question_n be_v debate_v in_o a_o solemn_a conference_n between_o both_o the_o house_n of_o parliament_n at_o several_a time_n and_o at_o great_a length_n and_o with_o much_o liberty_n nothing_o be_v omit_v that_o wit_n or_o art_n can_v invent_v to_o object_v against_o this_o opinion_n and_o that_o be_v do_v by_o man_n of_o great_a learning_n and_o singular_a judgement_n in_o the_o common_a law_n and_o civil_a law_n and_o by_o some_o other_o gentleman_n of_o the_o common_a house_n of_o rare_a gift_n for_o their_o learning_n knowledge_n elocution_n and_o experience_n at_o this_o conference_n the_o judge_n be_v present_a who_o after_o they_o have_v hear_v all_o that_o be_v or_o can_v be_v say_v do_v confirm_v their_o former_a opinion_n which_o they_o have_v before_o deliver_v in_o the_o high_a house_n three_o of_o the_o chief_a of_o they_o declare_v their_o reason_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n save_v one_o alone_a concur_v in_o the_o same_o so_o here_o be_v now_o a_o general_a resolution_n by_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o the_o realm_n one_o except_v and_o that_o deliver_v not_o private_o but_o in_o parliament_n which_o without_o more_o ado_n have_v be_v sufficient_a to_o have_v decide_v and_o determine_v this_o question_n touch_v the_o proclamation_n proclamation_n it_o be_v discreet_o and_o modest_o say_v by_o a_o learned_a gentleman_n of_o the_o low_a house_n that_o it_o be_v of_o great_a respect_n and_o much_o to_o be_v regard_v but_o yet_o it_o be_v not_o bind_v nor_o conclude_v for_o proclamation_n can_v neither_o make_v nor_o declare_v law_n and_o beside_o that_o this_o proclamation_n be_v not_o ground_v upon_o any_o resolution_n of_o the_o reverend_a judge_n but_o upon_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o skilful_a in_o the_o law_n of_o this_o land_n of_o the_o strength_n of_o proclamation_n be_v make_v by_o the_o king_n by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o counsel_n and_o judge_n i_o will_v not_o discourse_v yet_o i_o will_v admonish_v those_o that_o be_v learned_a and_o studious_a in_o the_o law_n and_o by_o their_o profession_n be_v to_o give_v counsel_n and_o to_o direct_v themselves_o and_o other_o to_o take_v heed_n that_o they_o do_v not_o contemn_v or_o light_o regard_v such_o proclamation_n and_o to_o induce_v they_o thereunto_o i_o desire_v they_o to_o look_v upon_o and_o consider_v advise_o these_o few_o proclamation_n provision_n or_o ordinance_n which_o i_o will_v point_v out_o unto_o they_o and_o of_o what_o validity_n and_o force_n they_o have_v be_v houlden_v to_o be_v in_o construction_n of_o law_n albeit_o they_o be_v neither_o statute_n nor_o act_n of_o parliament_n m._n 4._o h._n 3._o in_o dower_n 17â—_n the_o defendant_n plead_v quod_fw-la petens_fw-la est_fw-la de_fw-la potestate_fw-la regis_fw-la francia_fw-la &_o residens_fw-la in_o francia_n et_fw-la provisum_fw-la est_fw-la à _fw-la consilio_fw-la regis_fw-la quod_fw-la nullus_fw-la de_fw-la potestate_fw-la regis_fw-la francia_fw-la respondeatur_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it antequam_fw-la angli_fw-la respondeantur_fw-la de_fw-la jure_fw-la svo_fw-la in_o francia_n this_o the_o plaintiff_n attorney_n can_v not_o deny_v and_o thereupon_o the_o judgement_n be_v ideo_fw-la sine_fw-la die_fw-la anno_fw-la 20._o hen._n 3._o certain_a provision_n and_o ordinance_n be_v make_v which_o be_v call_v provisiones_fw-la merton_n where_o the_o king_n assemble_v his_o archbishop_n bishop_n earl_n and_o baron_n for_o the_o coronation_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o wife_n queen_n elinor_n and_o the_o word_n be_v provisum_fw-la est_fw-la in_o curia_fw-la dom._n regis_fw-la apud_fw-la merton_n coram_fw-la willihelmo_n cantuariensi_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la &_o coepiscopis_fw-la suffraganeis_fw-la suis_fw-la et_fw-la coram_fw-la maiori_fw-la parte_fw-la comitum_fw-la &_o baronum_fw-la angliae_fw-la ibidem_fw-la existentium_fw-la pro_fw-la coronatione_fw-la ipsius_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la &_o helionorae_fw-la reginae_fw-la pro_fw-la qua_fw-la omnes_fw-la vocati_fw-la fuerunt_fw-la cum_fw-la tractatum_fw-la esset_fw-la de_fw-la communi_fw-la utilitate_fw-la regni_fw-la super_fw-la articulis_fw-la subscriptis_fw-la ita_fw-la provisum_fw-la fuit_fw-la &_o concessum_fw-la tam_fw-la a_o praedictis_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la comitibus_fw-la &_o baronibus_fw-la &_o alijs_fw-la de_fw-fr viduis_fw-la primò_fw-la etc._n etc._n fitzherbert_n cit_v a_o provision_n make_v anno_fw-la 19_o h._n 3._o 32._o in_o these_o word_n et_fw-la provisum_fw-la fuit_fw-la coram_fw-la domino_fw-la rege_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la episcopis_fw-la comitibus_fw-la &_o baronibus_fw-la quod_fw-la nulla_fw-la assisa_fw-la ultimae_fw-la praesentationis_fw-la de_fw-la caetero_fw-la capiatur_fw-la de_fw-la ecclesiis_fw-la praebendatis_fw-la nec_fw-la de_fw-la praebendis_fw-la this_o provision_n be_v allow_v and_o continue_v for_o law_n until_o w._n 2._o anno_fw-la 13._o edw._n 1._o ca._n 5._o which_o provide_v the_o contrary_a by_o express_a word_n anno_fw-la 6._o ed._n 1._o 1._o the_o king_n and_o his_o judge_n make_v certain_a explanation_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o gloucester_n stat_fw-la which_o be_v call_v explanationes_fw-la statuti_fw-la glocestriae_fw-la gloucestr_n and_o these_o be_v the_o word_n postmodum_fw-la per_fw-la dominum_fw-la regem_fw-la &_o justiciarios_fw-la suos_fw-la factae_fw-la sunt_fw-la quaedam_fw-la explanationes_fw-la quorundam_fw-la articulorum_fw-la superius_fw-la positorum_fw-la which_o explanation_n have_v ever_o since_o be_v receive_v as_o a_o law_n there_o be_v a_o proclamation_n by_o king_n ed._n 3._o 3._o bear_v teste_fw-la at_o westminster_n anno_fw-la 15._o edw._n 3._o and_o judge_n thorpes_n opinion_n pa._n 39_o ed._n 3._o 7._o both_o which_o i_o will_v now_o forbear_v to_o report_v and_o wish_v the_o student_n to_o read_v the_o same_o in_o the_o print_a book_n where_o they_o shall_v see_v both_o the_o effect_n and_o the_o reason_n and_o the_o cause_n thereof_o they_o be_v worth_a their_o read_n and_o may_v inform_v and_o direct_v they_o what_o judgement_n to_o make_v of_o proclamation_n touch_v the_o opinion_n of_o the_o judge_n regard_v some_o have_v object_v yet_o modest_o and_o i_o suppose_v according_a to_o their_o conscience_n and_o understanding_n that_o there_o be_v not_o like_a regard_n to_o be_v have_v of_o judge_n opinion_n give_v in_o parliament_n object_n as_o aught_o to_o be_v of_o their_o judgement_n in_o their_o proper_a court_n and_o seat_n of_o justice_n for_o in_o those_o place_n their_o oath_n bind_v they_o but_o not_o so_o in_o the_o other_o 1._o to_o this_o i_o answer_v respon_n the_o reverence_n and_o worthiness_n of_o the_o man_n be_v such_o as_o be_v not_o to_o be_v quarrel_v and_o doubt_v of_o if_o there_o be_v no_o oath_n at_o all_o for_o if_o man_n of_o so_o great_a and_o eminent_a place_n fear_v not_o god_n and_o his_o judgement_n even_o out_o of_o a_o religious_a conscience_n which_o be_v fraenum_fw-la ante_fw-la peccatum_fw-la &_o flagrum_fw-la post_fw-la peccatum_fw-la it_o may_v be_v doubt_v that_o the_o external_a ceremony_n of_o add_v a_o book_n will_v little_o avail_v 2_o their_o oath_n do_v bind_v they_o as_o much_o in_o the_o court_n of_o parliament_n as_o in_o their_o proper_a court_n for_o that_o be_v the_o supreme_a court_n of_o all_o and_o they_o be_v call_v thither_o by_o the_o king_n writ_n not_o to_o sit_v as_o tell-clocke_n or_o idle_a hearer_n but_o quòd_fw-la personalitèr_fw-la intersitis_fw-la nobiscum_fw-la ac_fw-la cum_fw-la caeteris_fw-la de_fw-la consilio_fw-la nostro_fw-la super_fw-la dictis_fw-la negotijs_fw-la tractaturi_fw-la vestrumque_fw-la consilium_fw-la impensuri_fw-la and_o those_o negotia_fw-la be_v ardua_fw-la &_o urgentia_fw-la negotia_fw-la regni_fw-la etc._n etc._n and_o their_o oath_n amongst_o other_o thing_n be_v that_o they_o shall_v counsel_v the_o king_n true_o in_o his_o business_n 3_o this_o exception_n may_v serve_v against_o the_o judge_n as_o well_o in_o case_n when_o they_o sit_v and_o give_v judgement_n as_o justice_n of_o assize_n nisi_fw-la prius_fw-la oyer_n and_o terminer_n and_o gaol_n delivery_n as_o in_o this_o case_n of_o parliament_n for_o there_o they_o have_v none_o other_o oath_n but_o their_o general_a oath_n 4_o it_o become_v we_o to_o esteem_v of_o judge_n now_o as_o our_o forefather_n esteem_v they_o in_o time_n past_a for_o as_o they_o succeed_v they_o in_o time_n and_o place_n i_o thank_v god_n and_o the_o king_n i_o have_v neither_o cause_n to_o fear_v any_o for_o displeasure_n nor_o to_o flatter_v any_o for_o favour_n wherefore_o i_o will_v neither_o be_v afraid_a nor_o abash_v to_o speak_v what_o i_o think_v i_o say_v therefore_o that_o as_o our_o judge_n now_o succeed_v the_o former_a judge_n in_o time_n and_o place_n so_o they_o succeed_v they_o and_o be_v not_o inferior_a to_o they_o in_o wisdom_n learning_n integrity_n and_o all_o other_o judicious_a and_o religious_a virtue_n then_o let_v we_o see_v what_o the_o wisdom_n of_o parliament_n in_o time_n past_o attribute_v to_o the_o judge_n opinion_n declare_v in_o parliament_n of_o which_o there_o be_v many_o example_n but_o i_o will_v trouble_v you_o but_o with_o two_o or_o three_o i_o will_v not_o remember_v richard_n the_o second_o time_n of_o which_o some_o of_o our_o chronicler_n do_v talk_v idle_o and_o understand_v little_a
will_v spare_v to_o speak_v what_o i_o think_v for_o chrysostome_n teach_v i_o qui_fw-la laudatur_fw-la infacie_n flagellatur_fw-la in_o cord_n in_o seek_v out_o this_o depth_n of_o reason_n the_o same_o author_n give_v a_o caution_n 119._o which_o be_v this_o vitium_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o hoc_fw-la genere_fw-la fugi_fw-la debet_fw-la est_fw-la ne_fw-fr si_fw-la rationem_fw-la non_fw-la invenias_fw-la mox_fw-la legem_fw-la sine_fw-la ratione_fw-la esse_fw-la claim_v and_o in_o 36._o h._n 6._o fortescue_n say_v the_o same_o in_o effect_n which_o be_v thus_o we_o have_v many_o course_n and_o form_n which_o be_v houlden_v for_o law_n and_o have_v be_v houlden_o and_o use_v because_o of_o reason_n and_o notwithstanding_o the_o reason_n be_v not_o ready_a in_o memory_n yet_o by_o study_n and_o labour_v a_o man_n may_v find_v it_o now_o when_o we_o come_v to_o examine_v by_o reason_n whether_o postnati_a in_o scotland_n shall_v be_v disable_v as_o alien_n or_o shall_v be_v capable_a of_o land_n in_o england_n as_o natural_a bear_v subject_n there_o we_o be_v first_o to_o consider_v what_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o alien_n in_o the_o dominion_n and_o under_o the_o obedience_n of_o other_o foreign_a prince_n be_v nor_o capable_a of_o land_n in_o england_n and_o sure_o the_o true_a reason_n be_v that_o which_o be_v note_v by_o baron_n altham_n and_o have_v since_o be_v oft_o remember_v viz._n the_o danger_n that_o may_v thereby_o come_v to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o commonweal_n special_o by_o draw_v hither_o too_o great_a multitude_n of_o they_o for_o so_o the_o treasure_n of_o the_o realm_n may_v be_v transport_v by_o they_o into_o other_o foreign_a kingdom_n and_o country_n whereby_o it_o may_v be_v use_v against_o the_o king_n and_o to_o the_o prejudice_n of_o the_o state_n and_o beside_o they_o may_v underhand_o practice_v sedition_n and_o rebellion_n in_o the_o kingdom_n and_o cause_v many_o other_o danger_n and_o inconvenience_n but_o that_o reason_n can_v serve_v against_o postnati_a in_o scotland_n now_o that_o there_o be_v but_o one_o king_n of_o both_o the_o kingdom_n no_o more_o than_o it_o can_v serve_v against_o those_o that_o be_v bear_v in_o ireland_n or_o gernesey_n or_o jersey_n and_o therefore_o in_o reason_n they_o be_v as_o capable_a of_o land_n in_o england_n as_o the_o king_n subject_n of_o ireland_n and_o gernesey_n and_o jersey_n be_v against_o this_o objection_n there_o have_v also_o be_v many_o objection_n make_v and_o reason_n devise_v that_o seem_v witty_a and_o have_v some_o show_n of_o probability_n to_o prove_v that_o postnati_a in_o scotland_n be_v alien_n and_o ought_v not_o in_o reason_n to_o be_v capable_a of_o land_n in_o england_n videlicet_fw-la 1._o that_o england_n and_o scotland_n be_v two_o ancient_a several_a kingdom_n under_o several_a king_n and_o several_a crown_n 2._o that_o they_o continue_v yet_o several_a kingdom_n 3._o that_o they_o have_v yet_o several_a law_n several_a seal_n several_a crown_n and_o several_a king_n for_o it_o be_v say_v though_o king_n james_n be_v king_n of_o both_o and_o have_v but_o one_o natural_a body_n yet_o in_o judgement_n of_o law_n he_o be_v in_o respect_n of_o his_o two_o several_a kingdom_n as_o two_o several_a king_n and_o the_o subject_n of_o each_o several_a kingdom_n be_v bind_v to_o he_o by_o distinct_a allegiance_n according_a to_o the_o several_a law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n where_o they_o be_v bear_v and_o all_o this_o be_v ground_v upon_o this_o rule_n or_o fiction_n in_o law_n quando_fw-la duo_fw-la iura_fw-la concurrunt_fw-la in_o una_fw-la persona_fw-la aequum_fw-la est_fw-la ac_fw-la si_fw-la essent_fw-la in_o diversis_fw-la and_o upon_o this_o ground_n be_v this_o new_a form_n of_o plead_v devise_v which_o the_o defendant_n have_v use_v in_o this_o case_n such_o as_o can_v be_v find_v in_o any_o record_n ever_o to_o have_v be_v plead_v before_o and_o may_v as_o well_o serve_v against_o the_o king_n subject_n of_o ireland_n as_o against_o the_o postnati_a of_o scotland_n and_o since_o in_o former_a time_n the_o like_a form_n of_o plead_v be_v never_o see_v against_o any_o of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n subject_n which_o be_v bear_v in_o any_o of_o his_o dominion_n out_o of_o england_n as_o in_o normandy_n or_o aquitanie_n or_o in_o france_n i_o mean_v such_o part_n of_o it_o as_o be_v in_o the_o king_n possession_n and_o in_o subjection_n and_o obedience_n to_o he_o and_o not_o in_o that_o part_n of_o france_n which_o his_o enemy_n hold_v it_o may_v be_v probable_o infer_v that_o it_o be_v then_o general_o houlden_v that_o neither_o such_o a_o form_n of_o plead_v nor_o the_o matter_n itself_o be_v sufficient_a in_o law_n to_o disable_v any_o such_o plaintiff_n for_o against_o frenchman_n that_o be_v not_o under_o the_o king_n obedience_n we_o find_v it_o often_o plead_v and_o as_o those_o that_o be_v not_o subject_n to_o the_o king_n nor_o bear_v under_o his_o obedience_n do_v then_o presume_v to_o bring_v suit_n and_o action_n in_o england_n so_o it_o can_v not_o be_v think_v but_o that_o the_o king_n have_v then_o so_o large_a and_o ample_a dominion_n beyond_o the_o sea_n as_o normandy_n and_o aquitany_n and_o many_o other_o part_n of_o france_n some_o of_o his_o subject_n bear_v there_o have_v cause_n to_o have_v and_o do_v bring_v the_o like_a suit_n in_o england_n and_o since_o no_o such_o plea_n be_v find_v to_o have_v be_v then_o use_v against_o they_o it_o can_v not_o in_o law_n and_o reason_n be_v now_o allow_v against_o the_o postnati_a in_o scotland_n for_o i_o may_v say_v as_o ascue_n say_v in_o 37._o h._n 6._o our_o predecessor_n be_v as_o sage_a and_o learned_a as_o we_o be_v and_o i_o see_v not_o but_o that_o in_o this_o case_n a_o good_a argument_n may_v be_v reasonable_o deduce_v from_o the_o negative_a as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o case_n report_v by_o the_o great_a learned_a and_o most_o grave_a and_o reverend_a judge_n sir_n james_n dyer_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n 376._o anno_fw-la 23._o elizab._n the_o question_n there_o be_v whether_o a_o erroneous_a judgement_n give_v in_o rye_n which_o be_v a_o member_n of_o the_o cinqueporte_n may_v be_v reverse_a in_o the_o king_n bench_n or_o common_a place_n at_o westminster_n and_o it_o be_v thus_o resolve_v sed_fw-la pro_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la nullum_fw-la tale_n breve_fw-la in_o registro_fw-la nec_fw-la in_o aliquibus_fw-la praecedentibus_fw-la curiarum_fw-la praedictarum_fw-la inveniri_fw-la potuerat_fw-la dominus_fw-la cancellarius_fw-la bromley_n per_fw-la opinionem_fw-la capitalium_fw-la justiciariorum_n utriusque_fw-la banci_fw-la denegavit_fw-la tale_n breve_fw-la concedere_fw-la and_o so_o justice_n fenner_n argument_n hould_v well_o viz._n there_o be_v in_o this_o case_n no_o law_n to_o exclude_v the_o complainant_n ergo_fw-la he_o be_v a_o liege_n and_o a_o natural_a bear_v subject_n but_o the_o form_n of_o plead_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n ed._n 1._o in_o cobledickes_n case_n which_o be_v cite_v out_o of_o hengam_n and_o the_o book_n show_v here_o by_o the_o lord_n chief_a justice_n coke_n be_v so_o direct_a and_o plain_a for_o this_o our_o question_n as_o nothing_o can_v be_v more_o plain_a and_o therefore_o i_o think_v it_o not_o amiss_o to_o report_v it_o again_o that_o case_n be_v in_o effect_n and_o substance_n thus_o a_o woman_n bring_v a_o written_a of_o ayel_n against_o roger_n cobledicke_n and_o declare_v of_o the_o seisin_n of_o roger_n her_o grandfather_n and_o convey_v the_o descent_n to_o gilbert_n her_o father_n and_o from_o he_o to_o the_o demaundant_a as_o his_o daughter_n and_o heir_n the_o tenant_n plead_v that_o the_o demaundant_a be_v a_o french-woman_n and_o not_o of_o the_o ligeance_n nor_o of_o the_o fidelity_n of_o england_n and_o demand_v judgement_n if_o she_o ought_v to_o have_v the_o action_n against_o he_o this_o plea_n be_v houlden_v to_o be_v insufficient_a and_o thereupon_o the_o tenant_n amend_v his_o plea_n and_o plead_v further_o that_o the_o demaundant_a be_v not_o of_o the_o ligeance_n of_o england_n nor_o of_o the_o fidelity_n of_o the_o king_n and_o demand_v judgement_n etc._n etc._n and_o against_o that_o plea_n none_o exception_n be_v take_v but_o thereupon_o the_o demaundant_a pray_v licence_n to_o depart_v from_o her_o writ_n by_o this_o it_o appear_v plain_o that_o the_o first_o plea_n allege_v that_o she_o be_v a_o french-woman_n and_o not_o of_o the_o ligeance_n nor_o of_o the_o fidelity_n of_o england_n be_v insufficient_a and_o so_o declare_v by_o berreford_n the_o chief_a justice_n for_o there_o can_v be_v no_o fidelity_n nor_o allegiance_n due_a to_o england_n respect_v the_o land_n and_o soil_n without_o a_o sovereign_n and_o king_n but_o the_o second_o plea_n allege_v that_o she_o be_v not_o of_o the_o ligeance_n of_o england_n nor_o of_o the_o fidelity_n of_o the_o king_n be_v good_a and_o sufficient_a for_o to_o the_o king_n fidelity_n and_o
burleigh_n who_o honourable_a memory_n england_n can_v never_o forget_v and_o hear_v it_o from_o he_o i_o indevor_v by_o my_o private_a study_n to_o satisfy_v myself_o thorough_o in_o it_o and_o whosoever_o shall_v well_o consider_v the_o law_n of_o england_n which_o be_v before_o the_o conquest_n whereof_o we_o have_v some_o remnant_n and_o patch_n or_o since_o the_o conquest_n until_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la anno_fw-la 9_o h._n 3._o will_v make_v little_a doubt_n of_o it_o in_o h._n 2._o time_n glanuile_n write_v thus_o leges_fw-la anglicanas_fw-la licèt_fw-la non_fw-la scriptas_fw-la leges_fw-la appellari_fw-la non_fw-la videtur_fw-la absurdum_fw-la and_o in_o hen._n 3._o time_n bracton_n write_v thus_o cum_fw-la autem_fw-la ferè_fw-la in_o omnibus_fw-la regionibus_fw-la utantur_fw-la legibus_fw-la &_o jure_fw-la scripto_fw-la sola_fw-la anglia_fw-it usa_fw-la est_fw-la in_o suis_fw-la finibus_fw-la jure_fw-la non_fw-la scripto_fw-la &_o consuetudine_fw-la in_fw-la ea_fw-la quidem_fw-la ex_fw-la non_fw-la scripto_fw-la ius_n venit_fw-la quod_fw-la usus_fw-la comprobavit_fw-la but_o i_o may_v not_o agree_v with_o bracton_n that_o sola_fw-la anglia_fw-it usa_fw-la est_fw-la jure_fw-la non_fw-la scripto_fw-la for_o i_o find_v that_o the_o grave_a and_o the_o great_a learned_a writer_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n both_o ancient_a and_o of_o this_o our_o time_n do_v hold_v the_o same_o opinion_n touch_v the_o civil_a law_n itself_o for_o thus_o they_o write_v ex_fw-la non_fw-la scripto_fw-la ius_n venit_fw-la quod_fw-la usus_fw-la approbavit_fw-la and_o thus_o ius_n civil_a dictum_fw-la ex_fw-la non_fw-la scripto_fw-la natum_fw-la est_fw-la and_o ius_n non_fw-la scriptum_fw-la dicitur_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la non_fw-la quod_fw-la scripto_fw-la perpetuò_fw-la careat_fw-la hoc_fw-la enim_fw-la falsum_fw-la est_fw-la no_o &_o consuetudines_fw-la in_o memoriam_fw-la constantiorem_fw-la reducuntur_fw-la in_o scripturam_fw-la ut_fw-la cetera_fw-la quoque_fw-la quae_fw-la sine_fw-la scriptura_fw-la perficiuntur_fw-la sed_fw-la non_fw-la scriptum_fw-la ius_fw-la est_fw-la id_fw-la est_fw-la quòd_fw-la à _fw-la scriptura_fw-la vis_fw-la eius_fw-la non_fw-la coepit_fw-la nec_fw-la pendeat_fw-la so_o hereby_o it_o may_v appear_v how_o in_o this_o we_o concur_v with_o the_o civil_a law_n but_o hereupon_o these_o questionist_n move_v a_o other_o question_n know_v viz._n if_o the_o common_a law_n be_v not_o write_v object_n how_o then_o shall_v it_o be_v know_v to_o this_o i_o answer_v respon_n it_o be_v the_o common_a custom_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o bracton_n say_v ius_n venit_fw-la quod_fw-la usus_fw-la comprobavit_fw-la and_o it_o stand_v upon_o two_o main_a pillar_n &_o principal_a part_n by_o which_o it_o be_v to_o be_v learned_a and_o know_v the_o first_o be_v principle_n certain_a know_v principle_n and_o maxim_n and_o ancieut_n custom_n against_o which_o there_o never_o have_v be_v nor_o aught_o to_o be_v any_o dispute_n as_o in_o case_n of_o subject_n a_o estate_n in_o fee-simple_n for_o life_n for_o year_n dower_n courtesy_n etc._n etc._n in_o case_n of_o the_o crown_n the_o female_a to_o inherit_v the_o elder_a sole_n to_o be_v prefer_v no_o respect_n of_o half_a blood_n no_o tenant_n in_o dower_n or_o by_o the_o courtesy_n of_o the_o crown_n no_o disabilitie_n of_o the_o king_n person_n by_o infancy_n etc._n etc._n the_o second_o be_v prudentum_fw-la where_o there_o be_v no_o such_o principle_n then_o former_a judgement_n give_v in_o like_a case_n and_o these_o be_v but_o arbitria_fw-la judicum_fw-la &_o responsa_fw-la prudentum_fw-la receive_v allow_v and_o put_v in_o practice_n and_o execution_n by_o the_o king_n authority_n of_o these_o bracton_n speak_v ego_fw-la h._n de_fw-fr bracton_n animum_fw-la erexi_fw-la ad_fw-la vetera_fw-la judicia_fw-la iustorum_fw-la perscrutanda_fw-la facta_fw-la ipsorum_fw-la consilia_fw-la &_o responsa_fw-la in_o unam_fw-la summam_fw-la redigendo_fw-la compilavi_fw-la and_o before_o the_o conquest_n king_n ethelbert_n cause_v a_o book_n to_o be_v make_v which_o be_v call_v decreta_fw-la judiciorum_fw-la and_o king_n alured_n do_v the_o like_a hyde_n as_o master_n lambard_n a_o judicious_a and_o learned_a observer_n of_o antiquity_n do_v remember_v of_o these_o also_o the_o judge_n speak_v h._n 33._o h._n 6._o moyle_n foe_n 8._o we_o rule_v the_o law_n according_a to_o the_o ancient_a course_n ashton_n fol._n 9_o all_o our_o law_n be_v guide_v by_o use_n and_o by_o statute_n and_o prysot_n say_v fol._n 9_o there_o can_v be_v a_o positive_a law_n but_o such_o as_o be_v judge_v or_o make_v by_o statute_n wherein_o i_o note_v also_o that_o he_o equal_v a_o judgement_n with_o a_o statute_n in_o 36._o h._n 6._o fol._n 25._o fortescue_n reason_v thus_o the_o law_n be_v as_o i_o have_v say_v and_o so_o have_v be_v always_o since_o the_o law_n begin_v in_o 37._o h._n 6._o f._n 22._o askew_o reason_n thus_o such_o a_o charter_n have_v be_v allowable_a in_o the_o time_n of_o our_o predecessor_n which_o be_v as_o sage_a and_o learned_a as_o we_o be_v in_o h._n 4._o edw._n 4._o fol._n 41._o markham_n reason_v thus_o it_o be_v good_a for_o we_o to_o do_v as_o it_o have_v be_v use_v before_o this_o time_n and_o not_o to_o keep_v one_o way_n one_o day_n for_o one_o party_n and_o another_o day_n the_o contrary_a for_o the_o other_o party_n and_o so_o the_o former_a precedent_n be_v sufficient_a for_o we_o to_o follow_v and_o judgement_n be_v give_v according_o and_o in_o the_o former_a case_n 36._o h._n 6._o 6._o fortescue_n say_v further_a we_o have_v many_o course_n and_o form_n which_o be_v houlden_v for_o law_n also_o every_o one_o of_o these_o four_o principal_a court_n the_o chancery_n king_n bench_n common-plees_a and_o exchequer_n have_v in_o many_o thing_n several_a course_n and_o form_n which_o be_v observe_v for_o law_n and_o that_o not_o only_o in_o that_o proper_a court_n but_o also_o in_o all_o court_n through_o the_o realm_n whereof_o many_o example_n be_v remember_v in_o the_o case_n of_o the_o mine_n in_o plowdens_n commentary_n the_o three_o remedium_fw-la but_o if_o there_o be_v no_o such_o former_a judgement_n nor_o direct_a example_n or_o precedent_n than_o this_o rule_n have_v a_o further_a extension_n which_o be_v this_o there_o be_v a_o rule_n in_o the_o common_a law_n that_o in_o novo_fw-la casu_fw-la nowm_fw-la remedium_fw-la est_fw-la apponendum_fw-la et_fw-la concordent_fw-la clerici_fw-la de_fw-la breve_fw-la faciendo_fw-la ita_fw-la quod_fw-la nullus_fw-la recedat_fw-la à _fw-la cancellaria_fw-la sine_fw-la remedio_fw-la for_o the_o chancery_n be_v proper_o officina_fw-la justitiae_fw-la &_o aequitatis_fw-la where_o all_o original_a writ_n which_o in_o ancient_a time_n be_v the_o ground_n of_o all_o suit_n be_v devise_v and_o frame_v and_o these_o clerici_fw-la be_v grave_a and_o ancient_a man_n skilful_a &_o long_o experience_v in_o the_o course_n of_o the_o chancery_n and_o call_v clerici_fw-la de_fw-la prima_fw-la forma_fw-la and_o of_o late_a time_n magistri_fw-la cancellariae_fw-la who_o in_o new_a and_o strange_a case_n beside_o their_o own_o knowledge_n and_o experience_n have_v oftentimes_o conference_n with_o the_o grave_a judge_n for_o the_o devise_v and_o frame_v of_o new_a write_v when_o need_v require_v and_o this_o i_o take_v to_o be_v the_o same_o which_o be_v in_o the_o statute_n w._n 2._o cap._n 24._o 24._o et_fw-la quotiescunque_fw-la de_fw-fr caetero_fw-la evenerit_fw-la in_o cancellaria_fw-la 1._o quod_fw-la in_o uno_fw-la casu_fw-la reperitur_fw-la breve_fw-la &_o in_o consimili_fw-la casu_fw-la cadente_fw-la sub_fw-la eodem_fw-la jure_fw-la &_o simili_fw-la indigente_fw-la remedio_fw-la non_fw-la reperitur_fw-la concordent_fw-la clerici_fw-la de_fw-la cancellaria_fw-la in_o brevi_fw-la faciendo_fw-la vel_fw-la atterminent_a querentes_fw-la in_o proximum_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la et_fw-la scribantur_fw-la casus_fw-la in_o quibus_fw-la concordare_fw-la non_fw-la possunt_fw-la &_o referant_fw-la eos_fw-la ad_fw-la proximum_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la et_fw-la de_fw-la consensu_fw-la jurisperitorum_fw-la fiat_fw-la breve_fw-la ne_fw-la contingat_fw-la de_fw-fr caetero_fw-la quòd_fw-la curia_fw-la regis_fw-la deficiat_fw-la conquerentibus_fw-la in_o justicia_fw-la perquirenda_fw-la wherein_o i_o note_v these_o three_o thing_n first_o the_o clerk_n be_v to_o agree_v and_o if_o they_o agree_v that_o be_v a_o end_n and_o stand_v for_o law_n and_o then_o no_o referrement_n to_o the_o parliament_n second_o if_o the_o clerk_n agree_v not_o and_o so_o the_o case_n be_v refer_v to_o the_o parliament_n then_o de_n consensu_fw-la jurisperitorum_fw-la fiat_fw-la breve_fw-la so_o consensus_fw-la jurisperitorum_fw-la be_v the_o rule_n and_o not_o the_o multitude_n of_o vulgar_a opinion_n the_o three_o be_v that_o justice_n fail_v not_o they_o which_o complain_v which_o will_v often_o fail_v if_o you_o stay_v until_o a_o parliament_n for_o parliament_n be_v not_o to_o be_v call_v for_o the_o wrong_n of_o a_o few_o private_a subject_n but_o for_o the_o great_a and_o urgent_a affair_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o realm_n i_o find_v also_o a_o like_a rule_n in_o the_o civil_a law_n etc._n vbi_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la directa_fw-la lex_fw-la standum_fw-la est_fw-la arbitrio_fw-la judicis_fw-la vel_fw-la producendum_fw-la ad_fw-la similia_fw-la and_o another_o say_v de_fw-fr
a_o le_fw-mi plaintiff_n but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o now_o in_o ancient_a time_n one_o present_a aid_v comfort_a and_o assist_v to_o a_o murder_n be_v take_v to_o be_v no_o principal_n but_o a_o accessory_n as_o it_o appear_v m._n 40._o edw._n 3._o fol._n 42._o &_o 40._o li._n ass_n p._n 8._o &_o p._n 25._o but_o now_o in_o that_o case_n he_o be_v judge_v a_o principal_a and_o so_o it_o be_v rule_v by_o all_o the_o justice_n m._n 4._o h._n 7._o 18._o and_o so_o plowden_n affirm_v the_o law_n to_o be_v in_o his_o commentary_n fol._n 99_o &_o 100_o in_o civil_a cause_n in_o ancient_a time_n the_o law_n be_v houlden_v that_o he_o in_o remainder_n in_o tail_n can_v not_o have_v a_o action_n of_o waste_n nor_o be_v receive_v upon_o default_n of_o tenant_n for_o life_n but_o afterward_o the_o law_n be_v often_o judge_v otherwise_o and_o so_o be_v the_o common_a experience_n and_o practice_v at_o this_o day_n in_o anno_fw-la 40._o ed._n 3._o 28._o fynchden_n chief_a justice_n of_o the_o common_a place_n sai_z that_o in_o ancient_a time_n the_o vicar_n can_v not_o have_v a_o action_n against_o the_o parson_n but_o he_o say_v the_o contrary_a be_v use_v at_o this_o day_n which_o be_v the_o better_a in_o ancient_a time_n a_o disseisee_n can_v not_o enter_v upon_o the_o feoffee_n of_o the_o disseisor_n for_o save_v of_o the_o warranty_n but_o for_o many_o year_n the_o law_n have_v be_v houlden_v otherwise_o and_o so_o the_o common_a practice_n yet_o remain_v by_o this_o rule_n it_o be_v also_o word_n that_o word_n be_v take_v and_o construe_v sometime_o by_o extension_n sometime_o by_o restriction_n sometime_o by_o implication_n sometime_o a_o disiunctive_a for_o a_o copulative_a a_o copulative_a for_o a_o disiunctive_a the_o present_a tense_n for_o the_o future_a the_o future_a for_o the_o present_a sometime_o by_o equity_n out_o of_o the_o reach_n of_o the_o word_n sometime_o word_n take_v in_o a_o contrary_a sense_n sometime_o figurative_o as_o continens_fw-la pro_fw-la contento_fw-it and_o many_o other_o like_a and_o of_o all_o these_o example_n be_v infinite_a as_o well_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n as_o common_a law_n and_o oftentimes_o the_o reverend_a judge_n have_v have_v a_o grave_a regard_n in_o their_o proceed_n counsel_n that_o before_o they_o will_v resolve_v or_o give_v judgement_n in_o such_o new_a case_n they_o desire_v to_o consult_v with_o the_o king_n privy_a counsel_n as_o appear_v in_o diverse_a case_n in_o king_n edward_n the_o three_o his_o time_n r._n vv._n assault_v adam_n brabson_n in_o presence_n of_o the_o justice_n of_o assize_n at_o winchester_n 1._o for_o which_o a._n b._n complain_v by_o bill_n before_o the_o say_a justice_n allege_v this_o offence_n to_o be_v in_o despite_n of_o the_o king_n and_o his_o justice_n to_o his_o damage_n of_o a_o hundred_o pound_n r._n vv._n plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o be_v find_v guilty_a and_o damage_n tax_v to_o ten_o pound_n thereupon_o the_o judge_n award_v he_o to_o prison_n in_o the_o sheriff_n keep_v and_o for_o the_o fine_a and_o that_o which_o shall_v be_v further_o do_v for_o the_o king_n for_o the_o assault_n do_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o judge_n they_o will_v have_v the_o advice_n of_o the_o king_n counsel_n 174_o for_o in_o a_o like_a case_n because_o r._n c._n do_v strike_v a_o jurour_n at_o westminster_n which_o pass_v in_o a_o enquest_n against_o one_o of_o his_o friend_n it_o be_v adjudge_v by_o all_o the_o counsel_n that_o his_o right_a hand_n shall_v be_v cut_v off_o and_o his_o land_n and_o good_n forfeit_v to_o the_o king_n these_o be_v the_o word_n in_o the_o book_n in_o this_o case_n i_o note_v three_o thing_n 1._o the_o judge_n consult_v with_o the_o counsel_n 2._o they_o have_v a_o like_a case_n before_o when_o the_o counsel_n be_v also_o consult_v with_o viz._n anno_fw-la 19_o e._n 3._o and_o yet_o they_o will_v not_o proceed_v in_o this_o case_n before_o they_o have_v again_o consult_v with_o the_o counsel_n 3._o that_o before_o anno_fw-la 19_o edw._n 3._o there_o be_v no_o like_a case_n nor_o precedent_n for_o such_o a_o judgement_n and_o therefore_o the_o judge_n will_v not_o of_o themselves_o pronounce_v that_o heavy_a judgement_n before_o they_o have_v confer_v with_o the_o counsel_n touch_v the_o same_o and_o after_o they_o have_v the_o opinion_n and_o advice_n of_o the_o king_n counsel_n they_o proceed_v to_o that_o judgement_n thomas_n vghtred_a knight_n bring_v a_o formedone_a against_o a_o poor_a man_n and_o his_o wife_n 35_o they_o come_v and_o yield_v to_o the_o demaundant_a which_o seem_v suspicious_a to_o the_o court_n whereupon_o they_o examine_v the_o matter_n and_o stay_a judgement_n because_o it_o be_v suspicious_a and_o thorpe_n say_v that_o in_o the_o like_a case_n of_o giles_n blacket_n it_o be_v speak_v of_o in_o parliament_n and_o we_o be_v command_v that_o when_o any_o like_a case_n shall_v come_v we_o shall_v not_o go_v to_o judgement_n without_o good_a advice_n wherefore_o sue_v to_o the_o counsel_n and_o as_o they_o will_v have_v we_o to_o do_v we_o will_v and_o otherwise_o not_o in_o this_o case_n greene_n and_o thorpe_n be_v send_v by_o the_o judge_n to_o the_o king_n counsel_n where_o there_o be_v 24._o bishop_n and_o earl_n to_o demand_v of_o they_o 34_o whether_o by_o the_o statute_n 14._o ed._n 3._o ca._n 6._o a_o word_n may_v be_v amend_v in_o a_o writ_n aswell_o as_o a_o letter_n or_o a_o syllable_n for_o the_o statute_n speak_v but_o of_o a_o letter_n or_o a_o syllable_n &_o it_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o may_v well_o be_v amend_v for_o there_o can_v be_v a_o word_n without_o a_o syllable_n and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o nice_a question_n of_o so_o sage_a man_n thus_o arbitria_fw-la judicum_fw-la and_o responsa_fw-la prudentum_fw-la have_v be_v receive_v allow_v and_o reverence_v in_o all_o time_n as_o positive_a law_n and_o so_o it_o must_v be_v still_o for_o otherwise_o much_o mischief_n and_o great_a inconvenience_n will_v ensue_v for_o new_a case_n happen_v every_o day_n no_o law_n ever_o be_v or_o ever_o can_v be_v make_v that_o can_v provide_v remedy_n for_o all_o future_a case_n or_o comprehend_v all_o circumstance_n of_o humane_a action_n which_o judge_n be_v to_o determine_v therefore_o when_o such_o happen_v and_o complaint_n be_v make_v what_o shall_v judge_n do_v shall_v they_o give_v no_o remedy_n to_o the_o party_n grieve_v shall_v they_o stay_v for_o a_o parliament_n discretion_n interim_n patitur_fw-la iustus_fw-la they_o must_v therefore_o follow_v dictamen_fw-la rationis_fw-la and_o so_o give_v speedy_a justice_n and_o in_o many_o matter_n of_o material_a circumstauce_n they_o must_v guide_v themselves_o by_o discretion_n as_o in_o judge_v upon_o presumption_n to_o discern_v which_o be_v presumptiones_fw-la temerariae_fw-la which_o probabiles_fw-la which_o violentae_fw-la so_o for_o time_n what_o be_v a_o convenient_a time_n and_o what_o not_o so_o for_o waste_n what_o be_v waste_a punishable_a and_o what_o 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