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book_n king_n law_n parliament_n 3,046 5 6.8040 4 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A66889 An answer to the gentleman's letter to his friend shewing that bishops may be judges in causes capital. Womock, Laurence, 1612-1685. 1680 (1680) Wing W3333; ESTC R34097 18,918 24

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but_o because_o some_o thing_n be_v to_o be_v transact_v in_o that_o parliament_n at_o which_o by_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o sacred_a canon_n it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o they_o to_o be_v personal_o present_a therefore_o they_o protest_v that_o while_o such_o thing_n be_v in_o agitation_n they_o will_v absent_v themselves_o which_o protestation_n be_v read_v in_o full_a parliament_n at_o the_o instance_n and_o prayer_n of_o the_o archbishop_n and_o other_o prelate_n be_v enter_v upon_o the_o parliament-roll_n by_o the_o king_n command_n with_o the_o assent_n of_o the_o lord_n temporal_a and_o commons_o this_o the_o gentleman_n will_v needs_o contend_v to_o be_v a_o law_n of_o parliament_n or_o a_o law_n of_o the_o land_n why_o because_o it_o be_v enter_v in_o the_o roll_n or_o journal-book_n that_o such_o a_o thing_n be_v agree_v upon_o by_o the_o king_n and_o two_o house_n which_o say_v he_o be_v all_o the_o formality_n of_o pass_a law_n in_o parliament_n 23._o p._n 23._o in_o those_o time_n but_o what_o be_v it_o that_o the_o bishop_n petition_v may_v be_v enter_v upon_o the_o parliament-roll_n be_v it_o the_o decree_n of_o the_o sacred_a canon_n which_o debar_v their_o presence_n in_o the_o house_n at_o such_o debate_n that_o indeed_o have_v be_v somewhat_o to_o the_o purpose_n but_o here_o be_v no_o such_o matter_n desire_v it_o be_v their_o protestation_n and_o if_o every_o thing_n that_o be_v enter_v upon_o the_o parliament-roll_n by_o the_o agreement_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o two_o house_n become_v a_o act_n of_o parliament_n forthwith_o then_o let_v this_o protestation_n for_o the_o present_a pass_v for_o a_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o we_o shall_v see_v anon_o what_o it_o will_v amount_v to_o in_o the_o interim_n let_v we_o return_v to_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n where_o there_o seem_v to_o be_v most_o colour_n for_o such_o a_o confirmation_n there_o we_o may_v observe_v two_o thing_n in_o that_o 11_o constitution_n a_o duty_n 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that_o by_o say_v their_o salvo_n that_o which_o they_o will_v ensure_v to_o themselves_o be_v their_o right_n of_o sit_v to_o consult_v 21._o p._n 21._o treat_v of_o and_o determine_v in_o that_o and_o all_o other_o parliament_n when_o capital_a case_n be_v not_o in_o question_n but_o there_o be_v no_o need_n of_o a_o protestation_n to_o this_o effect_n this_o be_v their_o duty_n to_o which_o the_o clarendon_n constitution_n and_o a_o solemn_a oath_n oblige_v they_o when_o man_n protest_v a_o right_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o that_o right_n which_o no_o man_n doubt_n of_o and_o therefore_o be_v not_o liable_a to_o question_v but_o of_o that_o right_n which_o they_o give_v some_o colour_n to_o be_v question_v because_o they_o decline_v and_o forbear_v the_o use_n and_o practice_n of_o it_o this_o be_v a_o right_a to_o debate_v vote_n and_o sit_v as_o judge_n in_o case_n capital_a if_o possible_o the_o decree_n of_o that_o canon_n shall_v come_v to_o be_v null_a as_o now_o it_o be_v or_o alter_v i_o must_v not_o forget_v to_o tell_v you_o of_o two_o rule_n observable_a about_o such_o privilege_n as_o be_v grant_v to_o subject_n by_o the_o king_n as_o this_o of_o the_o clarendon_n constitution_n be_v to_o the_o prelate_n the_o first_o be_v that_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v understand_v to_o debar_v the_o king_n command_n nor_o aught_o to_o be_v a_o supersedeas_fw-la to_o his_o sovereign_a authority_n for_o this_o be_v a_o derogation_n to_o his_o royal_a office_n a_o diminution_n to_o his_o crown_n and_o dignity_n not_o to_o be_v grant_v by_o he_o upon_o any_o pretence_n whatsoever_o by_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n the_o king_n do_v exempt_v the_o bishop_n from_o attend_v his_o court_n of_o parliament_n at_o such_o trial_n in_o capital_a case_n in_o general_a but_o he_o do_v not_o absolve_v they_o from_o their_o duty_n and_o obedience_n to_o his_o own_o special_a command_n upon_o any_o just_a occasion_n hereupon_o in_o the_o 11_o hen._n 2._o archbishop_z becket_n in_o a_o solemn_a council_n at_o northampton_n be_v accuse_v of_o treason_n and_o other_o misdemeanour_n where_o bishop_n be_v his_o judge_n as_o well_o as_o temporal_a lord_n when_o those_o lord_n and_o bishop_n can_v not_o agree_v about_o pronounce_v the_o judgement_n they_o put_v it_o off_o from_o one_o to_o the_o other_o at_o last_o the_o king_n command_v the_o bishop_n of_o winchester_n to_o do_v it_o this_o happen_v soon_o after_o the_o ratification_n of_o the_o clarendon_n constitution_n which_o all_o the_o lord_n and_o bishop_n have_v take_v their_o corporal_a oath_n to_o observe_v for_o ever_o and_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v imagine_v they_o can_v forget_v what_o have_v be_v so_o late_o do_v among_o they_o wherefore_o we_o must_v conclude_v that_o they_o do_v not_o take_v themselves_o to_o be_v oblige_v either_o by_o that_o oath_n or_o constitution_n to_o absent_v themselves_o always_o from_o such_o trial_n for_o though_o the_o constitution_n say_v debent_fw-la interest_n judiciis_fw-la curiae_fw-la regis_fw-la sicut_fw-la caeteri_fw-la barones_n that_o they_o ought_v as_o well_o as_o other_o baron_n to_o attend_v all_o the_o judgement_n of_o the_o king_n court_n quousque_fw-la perveniatur_fw-la ad_fw-la diminutionem_fw-la membrorum_fw-la vel_fw-la ad_fw-la mortem_fw-la till_o the_o matter_n come_v to_o sentence_n for_o the_o loss_n of_o life_n or_o member_n yet_o whatsoever_o william_n lord_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o bishop_n have_v say_v in_o their_o protestation_n 11_o r._n 2._o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n do_v not_o say_v debent_fw-la se_fw-la absentare_fw-la that_o the_o bishop_n ought_v to_o withdraw_v and_o absent_v themselves_o from_o such_o sentence_n 61._o p._n 60_o 61._o this_o gentleman_n endeavour_n to_o invalidate_v this_o so_o pregnant_a a_o evidence_n because_o it_o be_v take_v out_o of_o a_o manuscript_n make_v by_o
a_o answer_n to_o the_o gentleman_n letter_n to_o his_o friend_n show_v that_o bishop_n may_v be_v judge_n in_o cause_n capital_a psal._n 82.1_o deus_fw-la stat_fw-la in_o congregatione_fw-la dei_fw-la in_fw-la medio_fw-la deorum_fw-la judicat_fw-la london_n print_v by_o tho._n braddyll_n for_o robert_n clavell_n at_o the_o peacock_n in_o s._n paul_n churchyard_n 1680._o a_o answer_n to_o the_o gentleman_n letter_n to_o his_o friend_n show_v that_o bishop_n may_v be_v judge_n in_o cause_n capital_a sir_n i_o thank_v you_o for_o the_o gentleman_n letter_n you_o send_v i_o touch_v the_o right_n of_o bishop_n sit_v as_o judge_n in_o case_n capital_a this_o order_n of_o man_n be_v not_o sacred_a enough_o it_o seem_v in_o the_o constitution_n to_o secure_v it_o against_o the_o iniquity_n of_o these_o last_o time_n attempt_v of_o rage_n and_o extirpation_n not_o to_o mention_v martin_n marprelate_n nor_o other_o of_o former_a time_n within_o our_o own_o memory_n mr._n prym_a lead_v up_o the_o van_n against_o they_o 1640._o in_o a_o book_n of_o this_o title_n viz._n lord-bishop_n none_o of_o the_o lord_n bishop_n after_o their_o divine_a or_o apostolical_a constitution_n they_o begin_v to_o question_v their_o right_n to_o sit_v in_o parliament_n this_o occasion_v that_o quodlibetical_a question_n whether_o the_o bishop_n make_v a_o fundamental_a and_o essential_a part_n of_o the_o english_a parliament_n the_o rational_a and_o solid_a answer_n to_o which_o question_n be_v print_v in_o 1661._o and_o now_o reprint_v as_o then_o put_v forth_o at_o first_o for_o the_o information_n of_o some_o the_o confirmation_n of_o other_o and_o the_o satisfaction_n of_o all_o the_o gentleman_n who_o write_v this_o letter_n seem_v to_o grant_v the_o bishop_n a_o large_a share_n of_o power_n within_o this_o kingdom_n yet_o as_o to_o secular_a matter_n he_o do_v insinuate_v some_o kind_n of_o prohibition_n they_o be_v suppose_v to_o lie_v under_o though_o his_o argument_n be_v very_o 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in_o court_n till_o the_o court_n proceed_v to_o the_o vote_n of_o guilty_a or_o not_o guilty_a this_o gentleman_n conclude_v they_o ought_v not_o but_o the_o question_n true_o and_o precise_o state_v be_v only_o this_o whether_o of_o right_n they_o may_v or_o may_v not_o and_o have_v diligent_o examine_v what_o have_v be_v say_v on_o both_o side_n as_o the_o gentleman_n have_v advise_v i_o i_o profess_v to_o differ_v from_o he_o find_v no_o sufficient_a reason_n to_o change_v my_o opinion_n which_o be_v for_o the_o affirmative_a but_o the_o better_a to_o carry_v on_o his_o negative_a this_o gentleman_n fall_v upon_o two_o question_n more_o which_o may_v be_v think_v preliminary_n to_o this_o other_o the_o first_o be_v touch_v the_o peerage_n of_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a the_o second_o whether_o they_o make_v a_o three_o estate_n in_o parliament_n these_o two_o fall_n in_o collateral_o and_o must_v be_v consider_v before_o we_o fall_v upon_o his_o main_a battalion_n muster_v up_o 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it_o and_o yet_o the_o bishop_n right_o of_o protest_v upon_o just_a occasion_n serve_v very_o well_o instead_o of_o such_o a_o negative_a but_o this_o gentleman_n think_v it_o will_v be_v a_o great_a disparagement_n to_o the_o peerage_n of_o england_n that_o two_o estate_n must_v be_v put_v together_o to_o keep_v the_o balance_n even_o with_o the_o house_n of_o commons_o who_o be_v but_o one_o estate_n and_o that_o their_o two_o shall_v signify_v no_o more_o than_o that_o one_o take_v no_o notice_n how_o much_o more_o they_o signify_v though_o they_o do_v very_o much_o to_o this_o i_o answer_v in_o the_o general_n that_o number_n of_o person_n add_v no_o right_a or_o privilege_n to_o a_o politic_a estate_n the_o peerage_n of_o england_n have_v the_o same_o power_n arid_a dignity_n when_o they_o be_v not_o half_a so_o numerous_a but_o to_o be_v more_o particular_a experience_n tell_v we_o and_o we_o have_v a_o instance_n too_o fresh_a in_o memory_n that_o neither_o
attainder_n be_v law_n and_o every_o freeman_n be_v suppose_v to_o give_v his_o consent_n to_o every_o law_n either_o by_o his_o representative_a or_o in_o person_n if_o a_o memer_n of_o parliament_n and_o bishop_n be_v member_n may_v i_o think_v say_v he_o claim_v to_o do_v it_o personal_o and_o though_o there_o be_v a_o great_a stir_n about_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v preliminary_n and_o preparatory_a to_o condemnation_n 71._o let._n p._n 71._o yet_o the_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n enjoin_v they_o to_o attend_v the_o court_n quousque_fw-la perveniatur_fw-la ad_fw-la diminutionem_fw-la membrorum_fw-la vel_fw-la ad_fw-la mortem_fw-la till_o it_o come_v to_o loss_n of_o life_n or_o member_n which_o the_o lawyer_n understand_v to_o be_v the_o sentence_n of_o guilty_a or_o not_o guilty_a now_o i_o will_v fain_o be_v resolve_v whether_o these_o proceed_n be_v not_o in_o agitatione_n causae_fw-la sanguinis_fw-la 1._o p._n 1._o whether_o according_a to_o this_o practice_n a_o case_n of_o blood_n be_v not_o all_o the_o while_n in_o agitation_n and_o then_o reflect_v upon_o the_o gentleman_n rule_n in_o logic_n causa_fw-la causae_fw-la est_fw-la causa_fw-la causati_fw-la and_o upon_o the_o story_n of_o chaucer_n friar_n let_v the_o reader_n please_v to_o peruse_v p._n 64_o 65_o 66_o of_o the_o letter_n and_o then_o judge_v whether_o the_o practice_n be_v not_o as_o i_o say_v irrational_a and_o then_o second_o this_o practice_n of_o those_o popish_a time_n be_v uncharitable_a for_o if_o the_o bishop_n be_v debar_v sit_v as_o judge_n in_o such_o case_n capital_a out_o of_o a_o suspicion_n of_o their_o integrity_n it_o be_v uncharitable_a to_o the_o bishop_n if_o out_o of_o a_o jealousy_n they_o may_v be_v too_o soft_a and_o yield_a in_o their_o clemency_n it_o be_v uncharitable_a to_o the_o delinquent_n if_o out_o of_o fear_n they_o may_v be_v too_o severe_a in_o point_n of_o justice_n it_o be_v uncharitable_a to_o the_o commonwealth_n for_o discretion_n ought_v to_o take_v her_o rule_n from_o charity_n when_o pity_n and_o when_o severity_n be_v to_o be_v use_v for_o the_o advantage_n of_o the_o public_a sometime_o justice_n may_v be_v provoke_v into_o severity_n and_o when_o impeachment_n be_v prefer_v with_o rigour_n it_o be_v possible_a the_o prudence_n and_o piety_n of_o such_o grave_n and_o holy_a person_n intervening_a a_o rash_a and_o unadvisable_a sentence_n may_v be_v stop_v and_o prevent_v a_o deluge_n of_o mischief_n which_o may_v otherwise_o ensue_v letter_n ensue_v see_v the_o case_n p._n 26_o 27_o 28._o of_o the_o letter_n have_v the_o bishop_n be_v present_a at_o haxeye_n trial_n they_o may_v as_o well_o have_v prevent_v his_o condemnation_n as_o obtain_v his_o pardon_n the_o canon-law_n than_o give_v the_o first_o rise_v and_o beginning_n to_o this_o usage_n as_o this_o gentleman_n seem_v to_o acknowledge_v p._n 68_o but_o the_o ground_n of_o that_o canon_n be_v superstition_n and_o it_o do_v confront_v the_o king_n supremacy_n and_o be_v irrational_a and_o uncharitable_a in_o the_o practice_n of_o it_o let_v we_o therefore_o examine_v what_o force_v it_o have_v and_o by_o what_o authority_n that_o this_o be_v in_o use_n while_o the_o pope_n have_v a_o concurrent_a jurisdiction_n here_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o whether_o ever_o it_o receive_v a_o civil_a sanction_n and_o a_o express_a ratification_n and_o have_v the_o stamp_n of_o parliament-authority_n set_v upon_o it_o be_v the_o matter_n now_o in_o question_n and_o this_o i_o do_v steadfast_o deny_v and_o the_o gentleman_n as_o earnest_o affirm_v and_o contend_v for_o to_o prove_v this_o he_o do_v allege_v a_o double_a confirmation_n and_o to_o give_v it_o the_o more_o credit_n he_o carry_v it_o up_o as_o high_a as_o the_o day_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n but_o i_o desire_v the_o reader_n to_o observe_v that_o in_o the_o management_n of_o his_o evidence_n he_o turn_v a_o indulgence_n into_o a_o prohibition_n a_o privilege_n into_o a_o complete_a act_n of_o parliament_n and_o a_o protestation_n into_o a_o statute_n he_o do_v allege_v the_o year-book_n of_o 10_o e._n 4._o term._n pasch_fw-mi n._n 35._o 78._o let._n p._n 78._o where_o we_o have_v set_v down_o the_o manner_n of_o their_o trial_n in_o parliament_n when_o a_o lord_n be_v indict_v etc._n etc._n he_o shall_v plead_v not_o guilty_a and_o this_o shall_v be_v try_v by_o his_o peer_n and_o then_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a who_o may_v not_o consent_v to_o the_o death_n of_o any_o man_n shall_v make_v their_o proctor_n etc._n etc._n this_o say_v he_o i_o allege_v to_o show_v that_o even_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n the_o bishop_n can_v be_v judge_n in_o a_o case_n capital_a here_o the_o gentleman_n say_v their_o make_v a_o proctor_n be_v error_n temporis_fw-la the_o error_n of_o those_o time_n why_o because_o that_o practice_n be_v not_o for_o his_o purpose_n but_o if_o by_o the_o law_n of_o the_o land_n he_o mean_v the_o statute-law_n as_o he_o seem_v to_o do_v i_o must_v have_v a_o writ_n of_o error_n to_o reverse_v his_o judgement_n for_o the_o pope_n have_v then_o a_o concurrent_a jurisdiction_n here_o in_o england_n the_o canon-law_n be_v in_o force_n among_o they_o and_o in_o declare_v that_o the_o lord_n spiritual_a may_v not_o consent_v to_o the_o death_n of_o any_o man_n they_o have_v respect_n to_o the_o prohibition_n of_o the_o canon-law_n but_o this_o be_v not_o any_o the_o least_o confirmation_n of_o it_o but_o this_o gentleman_n will_v needs_o have_v it_o confirm_v by_o a_o civil_a sanction_n and_o so_o become_v the_o law_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o first_o confirmation_n etc._n p._n 69_o etc._n etc._n he_o say_v be_v about_o the_o time_n of_o 10_o h._n 2._o among_o the_o sixteen_o constitution_n of_o clarendon_n which_o beside_o the_o authority_n of_o parliament_n to_o make_v the_o observation_n of_o they_o the_o more_o inviolable_a be_v establish_v by_o the_o solemnity_n of_o a_o oath_n 72._o p._n 72._o which_o be_v the_o great_a obligation_n that_o mankind_n be_v capable_a of_o make_v even_o god_n a_o party_n to_o it_o to_o see_v it_o obey_v and_o punish_v the_o transgressor_n here_o be_v a_o fair_a plea_n for_o a_o solemn_a confirmation_n if_o the_o gentleman_n be_v not_o partial_a or_o mistake_v in_o the_o business_n but_o the_o case_n be_v this_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o their_o immunity_n the_o prelate_n especial_o grow_v very_o remiss_a and_o careless_a of_o their_o duty_n as_o be_v note_v former_o hereupon_o in_o that_o great_a council_n which_o be_v then_o their_o parliament_n among_o the_o rest_n the_o king_n make_v this_o the_o 11_o of_o those_o constitution_n the_o archbishop_n bishop_n &_o universae_fw-la personae_fw-la regni_fw-la not_o all_o the_o dignify_v clergy_n of_o the_o land_n 71._o p._n 71._o as_o this_o gentleman_n render_v it_o but_o all_o person_n whatsoever_o who_o have_v a_o tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la shall_v hold_v their_o possession_n from_o the_o king_n as_o a_o barony_n and_o shall_v answer_v for_o their_o estate_n unto_o the_o king_n justice_n and_o minister_n and_o shall_v observe_v and_o obey_v all_o the_o king_n law_n and_o together_o with_o other_o baron_n they_o be_v to_o be_v present_a in_o all_o judgement_n in_o the_o king_n court_n this_n be_v the_o duty_n they_o be_v oblige_v and_o solemn_o swear_v to_o and_o the_o follow_v a_o indulgence_n or_o privilege_n till_o the_o sentence_n come_v to_o the_o loss_n of_o life_n or_o member_n and_o here_o they_o be_v leave_v to_o their_o liberty_n to_o observe_v the_o decree_n of_o the_o holy_a canon_n 73._o p._n 73._o hereupon_o we_o may_v build_v our_o faith_n that_o there_o be_v real_o such_o as_o usage_n as_o this_o gentleman_n infer_v in_o ancient_a time_n and_o that_o a_o liberty_n be_v leave_v to_o continue_v it_o according_a to_o the_o canon_n and_o in_o veneration_n of_o it_o but_o that_o it_o be_v ratify_v and_o confirm_v we_o have_v not_o one_o syllable_n to_o prove_v it_o the_o second_o confirmation_n this_o gentleman_n find_v be_v in_o 11_o r._n 2._o upon_o the_o protestation_n of_o the_o archbishop_n etc._n p._n 18_o etc._n etc._n 71_o etc._n etc._n for_o himself_o and_o the_o other_o bishop_n and_o here_o after_o some_o fluctuation_n and_o unsteadiness_n p._n 75._o to_o make_v it_o a_o law_n he_o tell_v we_o the_o subject_a matter_n enact_v do_v consist_v of_o two_o particular_n the_o one_o that_o the_o prelate_n have_v a_o right_a to_o sit_v and_o vote_n in_o all_o other_o business_n the_o other_o that_o they_o have_v no_o right_n nor_o be_v it_o lawful_a for_o they_o to_o be_v present_a in_o parliament_n when_o such_o business_n be_v in_o question_n but_o the_o tenor_n of_o their_o protestation_n be_v that_o they_o intend_v to_o be_v present_a to_o consult_v to_o treat_v of_o and_o to_o determine_v in_o omnibus_fw-la in_o all_o thing_n save_v their_o right_n their_o state_n and_o dignity_n