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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A94301	Ievves in America, or, Probabilities that the Americans are of that race. With the removall of some contrary reasonings, and earnest desires for effectuall endeavours to make them Christian. / Proposed by Tho: Thorovvgood, B.D. one of the Assembly of Divines.	Thorowgood, Thomas, d. ca. 1669.	1650 (1650)	Wing T1067; Thomason E600_1; ESTC R206387	111,535	185

without the true God and without a reading Priest and without Law 2 Chron. 15. 3. yea and as Chrysostome affirmes that the Book of Deuteronomy had been lost along time among Christians and was lately recovered from dust and rubbish a little before his daies so t is most certaine that in Iosiahs reigne Hilkiah the Priest found the Booke of the Law in the House of the Lord which when the King heard read unto him hee was astonisht as at a new and strange thing and rent his clothes 2 King 22. 8. c. and this was the Booke of the law of the Lord given by Moses 2 Chro. 34. 14. which was then little knowne or regarded among them ver 24 25. c. But thirdly the stupor and dulnesse of Israell was even admirable when our Saviour came into the world for they give no credit to their owne Prophets read in their Synagogues every Sabbath the Shepherds publish what they received from the Angells concerning Christ Luk. 2. 17. Simeon proclaimes glorious things of Jesus and they will not heare ver 25. Wise men came from the East to Ierusalem enquiring and discoursing but still they apprehend not yea they shut their eyes against all the marvailes that Christ performed among them such as would have convinced not onely Tyre and Sidon but even Sodome and Gomorrha the heavenly Sermons of the Sonne of God wrought upon stones harlots publicans and sinners but those Jewes remaine inflexible against all and at his death they still continue seared and stupified the veile of the Temple is rent the earth did quake the stones were cloven asunder and the graves did open but their hearts are shut up still yea and at his resurrection there was a great earthquake the Angel of the Lord comes downe from heaven his countenance is like lightning for fear of him the keepers become as dead men Christ riseth againe in glory and the watch shew the High Priests all these things they are hereupon convinced but they will not b● convinced for they take counsell together and with mony hire the souldiers to say the disciples stole away his body while they slept if it be therefore well considered of what dark darkned condition the Israelites were in these times how many yeeres have passed since what meanes they have had to increase their rudenesse and incivility and irreligion no way commerce or means left to reclaime them it will not seem so strange if they be wholly barbarous seeing also the vengeance of God lies hard and heavy upon them for their injustice done to his Sonne nam crucifixerunt salvatorem suum fecerunt damnatorem suum saith St. Austin they crucified their Saviour and made him their enemy and avenger It is no marvaile then supposing the Americans to be Jewes that there be so few mentionings of Judaicall rites and righteousnesse among them it may be and is a wonderfull thing rather that any footstep or similitude of Judaisme should remaine after so many ages of great iniquity with most just divine displeasure therupon and no possibility yet discerned how they should recover but manifest necessities almost of praecipitation into further ignorance grossenesse and impiety the losse of which their customes and ceremonies in so great a measure in time may prove advantagious towards their conversion seeing they cannot be obstinate maintainers of Mosaicall Ordinances the love and liking whereof and adhesion to them was ever a prevailing obstacle to the knowing Jewes and that is a consideration tending directly to the last part and particular and will helpe I trust to encourage us who are already desirous not to civilize onely the Americanes 〈◊〉 even to Gospellize and make them Christian Part Third Humble desires to all for hearty endeavours in all to acquaint the Natives with Christianity CHAP. I. To the Planters and touching the cause of their removall hence THis discourse will be directed to the English planted there and our selves at home concerning the former three or foure things may be minded 1. Cause of their removall 2. Hope of the Natives conversion 3. Directions to it 4. Cautions and some other additions Deep considerations without doubt and mature were in those that hence transplanted themselves into that other part of the world but quo jure by what right and title they could settle in a forraigne land was surely none of their last enquiries Io. Bodin reckons five reasons why Colonies may be planted in other Regions 1. Expulsion from their own native Countrey 2. Increase of inhabitants upon a land 3. Want of necessaries at home and unseasonable times 4. Desire to preserve and enlarge their owne territories 5. Favour to prisoners and captives The ampliation of the Kingdome of Christ was expected here as a motive in vaine but I finde it elsewhere among our Novangles and it shall be mentioned in due place for those are causes why men goe out of their owne land but for the jus and right of setling in another they say nothing When the Bishop De las Casas had set forth his tract of the Spanish cruelties committed in the Indies some guilty persons he supposeth suborned Doctor Sepulveda the Emperours Historian to undertake their patronage which he did in an elegant and rhetoricall discourse endeavouring to prove that the Spanish wars against the Indians were just and lawfull and that they were bound to submit unto the Spaniards as Ideots to the more prudent but he could not obtaine leave to print a booke so irrationall and unchristian Their more plausible plea is that Columbus was first employed by them to discover some of those parts but the same offer was before tendred to this our Nation and the King thereof yea and the English were as early in that very designe as the Portingales for our Chronicles shew that Sebastian Gabat or Cabot borne at Bristol was employed by King Henry the seventh and he with some London Merchants adventured three or foure ships into those New-found lands Anno one thousand foure hundred ninety eight and it cannot be doubted but they had made some former sufficient experiments before that their so confident engagement Thence t is affirmed by others that the English were there before Columbus and about the yeere one thousand five hundred and two three of those Natives were brought unto the King they were cloathed in beasts skinnes did eate raw flesh spake a language none could understand two of those men were seen at the Court at Westminster two yeeres after cloathed like Englishmen But wee of this Nation have yet a more ancient claime three hundred yeeres before Columbus in the time of Henry the second Anno Dom. one thousand one hundred and seventy when Madoc ap Owen Gwineth did not onely discover the Countrey but planted in some part of Mexico and left Monuments of the Brittish language and other usages taken notice of by the Spaniands since their arrivall thither Mr. Herbert in his

here is a comparison even with an heavenly voice which must vaile and submit to the written word because poore mankind may easily be deluded by him who among his many other wiles and depths can transform himself into an Angel of light Againe my prayer for you is that in the wofull concussions and commotions of these daies your selves may stand firme and unmoveable You have seene the waters troubled and the Mountaines shaken with the swelling thereof Oh that you may say in and with holy Davids sense though an host should encampe against me my heart shall not feare though warre should rise up against me in this will I be confident this and what is it but ver 1. The Lord is my light and my salvation whom shall I feare the Lord is the strength of my life of whom shall I be afraid even heathens have said much and done much towards that 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 magnanimity and patience but Christians have an higher prospect they looke above the terrors of men and they doe not feare their feare for as Stephen through a showre of stones they can see the heavens open and the Sonne of man sitting at the right hand of God nihil crus sentit in nervo si animus sit in caelo they are not so much affected with what they feele as with that they believe because we walk by faith and not by sight And oh that these strange mutations may perswade us all all the daies of our appointed time to waite untill our change come even that change which never never can again be changed these are the last times and yet a little while yea 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 yet a little little while and hee that shall come will come and will not tarry his fan is in his hand and he will throughly purge his floore and gather the wheate into the garner but will burne up the chaffe with unquenchable fire The ungodly shall not stand in the judgement for all faces shall then be unmasked and every vizard shall be plucked off The Lord will then bring to light the hidden things of darknesse and will make manifest the counsels of the heart and then every one that hath done well shall have praise of God The Lord God of our mercies fit you for his appointment stablish you in every good word and worke and keepe you from evill that you may give up your account with joy and not with griefe and now I commend you all and all that love that appearing of our Lord unto the word of his grace which is able to build you up and to give you an inheritance among all them that are sanctified such is the serious and unfaigned devotion for you of him who willingly subscribes himselfe Your most humble servant in our dearest Lord THO THOROWGOOD JEWES IN AMERICA OR Probabilities that the Americans be Jewes From Part. 1. Six severall conjectures Generall Introduction Chap. 1. 1. Conjecture Their own acknowledgement Ch. 2. 2. Rites and customes in both alike Common ceremonies such Chap. 3. and solemn Ch. 4. 3. Their words and manner of speech as the Iewes Chap. 5. 4. Their man-devouring Ch. 6. 5. They have not yet been Gospellized Ch. 7. 6. Their calamicies as 28. Deut. Ch. 8. Part 2. Some contrary reasonings removed 1. In the Generall Ch. 1. 2. Particularly How 1. The Jewes should get into America Chap. 1. 2. So few empeople that great part of the world Ch. 3. 3. Become so predigiously barbarous Chap. 4. Part. 3. Earnest desires for hearty endeavours to make them Christian 1. To the Planters 1. Cause of their removall Chap. 1. 2. Hope of the Natives Conversion Chap 2. 3. Directions to it Chap. 3. 4. Cautions about it Chap. 4. 2. To the English there 1. In behalfe of the Planters aspersions wiped off Chap. 5. 6. 2. Towards the Natives conversion 1. Motives Chap. 7. 2. Helps Chap. 8. 3. Encouragements from our Countrymens pious endeavours there Ch. 9. 4. And the successe thereof upon the Indians Ch. 10. The Preface to the READER BOna domus in ipso veistbulo debetagnosci saith Austin the portall commonly promiseth somewhat of the house it self and prefaces be as doors that let in the Reader to the Booke and bespeake much of the intention of the writer you are in some measure prepared already by the foregoing Epistle with the forefront and first page Marsilius Ficinus said of his booke De triplici Vita Esca tituli tam suavis quam plurimos alliciet ad gustandum The title will invite some to further enquiry it is in mans nature to be well pleased with novelties thence later times have had good leave to correct former mistakes It was written with confidence long since that the shee Beares did licke their informe litter into fashion that the young Viper thrusts its Dam out of the world to bring it selfe into it and that the Swan sings its owne dirige at his dying all which be sufficiently confuted by after experiences famous varieties of this sort be daily produced to view those are curious enquiries into common errors by Doctor Browne It was said of one contort in body but of a fine spirit Animus Galbae malè habitat It was a bad house for so good an Inhabitant many thought so and worse of Richard the third King of England till those late endeavours to rectifie him and his readers that Geographia Sacra is an exact and accurate worke in respect of the subject and materials the scattering of Nations at the building of Babel and it may puzzle some mens thoughts that hee should know so well the places of their dispersion so long since and yet wee continue ignorant what is become of Gods owne first people which shall be recovered to him againe and have not been missing so many yeeres The Trojans though now no Nation live yet in the ambitious desire of other people clayming from them their descent The Jewes once the Lords owne peculiar people are now the scomme and scorne of the world Florus calls their glory the Temple Impiae gentis arcanum Democritus another Historian said they worshipped an Asses head every third yeere sacrificed a man c. Others speake spightfull things of them and their pettigree only the Lacedemonian King in that Letter whereof you have a copy 1 Macab 12. 20. c. tells Onias the High Priest It is found in writing that the Spartans and Jewes are Brethren and come out of the generation of Abraham The originall indeed of the Jewes is assuredly knowne to themselves and all Christians Wee have no such evidence for any other people that have now a being there is nothing more in the darke to the inhabitants of the severall parts of this earth then their owne beginnings and t is thus in Countries of along time knowne to each other and yet in such

one of the Princes of Peru when he was invited to be a Christian his answer was Sir I am old and unfit to forsake the rites and lawes of my Ancestors but take my children as you will and teach them what you please they are young and can more easily apply themselves to your customes and instructions 3. And a stock of money must be remembred which in some sense is as it were the soule of this worke the Poet said truly 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 If wee meane the Indians shall be Gospellized they must first be civilized who are yet a very wild Olive both by nature and life they must bee weaned from idlenesse and hunting and nakednesse they must be perswaded to labour planting learning arts and manufacture that they may get cloathing they must be taught to build for their owne habitations for meeting houses or Churches on the Lords dayes Schooles must be erected for instruction of their youth at other times books of all kinds tooles and instruments of all sorts must be provided many and necessary materialls towards this structure may be easily mentioned but are not so easily purchased If our Countrey men there have for their owne comfort and subsistance t is little lesse then a miracle all things considered and a wonderfull mercy it cannot be expected that they should be able to adde considerable supplie towards all the forenamed particulars and other emergent needfull occasions though there be that can beare them record that to their power yea and beyond their power they are willing of themselves as the Apostle said of his Macedonians 2 Cor. 8. 3. I crave leave therefore to pray every Christian reader with much entreaty to take upon him the fellowship of ministring to this worke that you may abound in this grace also that I may use to you the same holy Apostles words Chrysostome desirous to plant the Gospel in Phaenicia stirred up many godly men and devout women by their liberality to contribute towards those endeavours Yea and here let it be remembred that as Gregory commends Queen Brunechild of France and Queen Adilberga of Kent for their charitable furtherance of this worke the gaining of soules the first Gospellizing of our Saxon Ancestors So some pious Christians among us of both sexes have shewed much bounty this way encouraging and exampling others The Spanish bookes relate strange things of their zeale in this kinde and one whom wee may credit tells us that America hath foure Arch-Bishops thirty Bishops and many other houses as they call them of Religion and if it be said their lot fell into the golden part of that world and out of their superfluities they might well spare very much t is very much indeed and yet t is somewhat more that the same writer observeth how the King of Spaine maintaines the lists and bonds of Missionaries Priests Fryers and Jesuits that are continually transported into America hee provides for every of them ten yeeres and that to this day and shall the children of this world in this also be wiser then the children of light Luk. 16. 8. shall they be enlarged for the promoting of themselves and their abominable superstitions and shall not wee be as forward in that which directly aimes at the glory of Christ and the good of souls as St. Paul saith of his Thessalonians that they were examples to all that believed in Macedonia and Achaia 1 Thes 1. 7. I trust the liberality of some will invite and open the hands of many to be very forward in this worke for the administration of this service will not onely supply their wants but will be abundant also by many thanksgivings unto God 2 Cor. 9. 12. And I hope to heare once of a liberall collection and benevolence to be advanced in every Parish and Congregation of the land to be put into safe hands and such profitable employment as may indeed further the reering up of a Christian Tabernacle in America And while these papers were thus in their framing an Act before mentioned for propagating the Gospell of Iesus Christ in New England declareth much forwardnesse towards a nationall contribution in reference to this worke and the disposall thereof to be according to the desires of those that have bin most industrious that way and good care I trust will be taken that the monies run into the right channel and for the better gale and conduct the two Universities Cambridge Oxford have affectionately expressed their Christian longings that this soule-businesse may obtain all possible furtherance in their Letters to their reverend and deare Brethren the Ministers of the Gospell in England and Wales the Divines of London are desired also in their sphere cordially to act in this common cause of the Gospel that no obstruction be left in the way of this most glorious endeavour why should any then bee straightned in their owne bowells why should not all learne willingnesse to this worke by reading considering and practising what we find the old Jewes did in a like case Exod. 35. CHAP. IX The Novangles religious care to advance Piety and Learning IT hath been laid and left at the doores of those whom some call Independents here in this England that they have shewed little love to others going astray and that their zeale hath been wanting against those blasphemies and heresies that have manifestly dishonoured the most sweet and holy name of God Father Son and Spirit Our booke tells us of a good man in former times when hee was accused of lust pride c. He said I confesse I am a sinner and I beseech you pray for me but when they laid heresie to his charge his heart was hot within him his zeale was inflamed and hee said Haereticus non sum hoc vitium nulla patientia possum aut vole dissimulare hoeresis enim separat hominem a Deo adsociat Diabolo alienatus a Christo non habet Deum quem oret propeccatis suis T is not for me to judge any every one shall stand or fall to his owne Master Rom. 14. 4. but I would remember my selfe and others of his zeale who said fateor in causa fidei etiam vitam negligendam I finde this grace very warme and working in our Novangles for whom I have some few words more to mention in this particular that my readers may be invited to thinke well of them to doe well to them and for them or for the poore Indians rather or rathest for Christ himselfe who shall have honour from us all if wee all by communication of counsells prayers purses and every other way endeavour the furtherance of their conversion to our Lord Jesus and to procure our cordiall conjunction with our brethren there in this I shall transcribe some things out of their owne late printed booke of the lawes and liberties concerning the inhabitants of Massachusets by which their love to truth godlinesse peace and learning will

be evident together with their liberall and enlarged care to propagate the eternall Gospell of our Lord among the Natives At the title of haeresie this is the preface Although no humane power be Lord over the faith and consciences of men and therefore may not constraine them to believe or professe against their consciences yet because such as bring in damnable heresies tending to the subversion of the Christian Faith and the destruction of the soules of men ought duly to be restrained from such notorious impiety it is therefore ordered and decreed by this Court That if any Christian within this jurisdiction shall goe about to subvert and destroy the Christian Faith and Religion by broaching or maintaining any damnable heresie as denying the immortality of the soule or the resurrection of the body or any sinne to be repented of in the regenerate or any evill done by the outward man to be accounted sinne or denying that Christ gave himselfe a ransome for our sinnes or shall affirme that wee are not justified by his death and righteousnesse but by the perfection of their owne workes or shall deny the morality of the fourth Commandement or shall endeavour to seduce others to any the heresies aforementioned every such person continuing obstinate therein after due meanes of conviction shall be sentenced to banishment 1646. And before having said that the open contempt of Gods word and the messengers thereof is the desolating sinne of civill States c. It is therefore ordered and decreed That if any christian so called within this jurisdiction shall contemptuously behave himself towards the word preached or the messengers thereof either by interrupting him in his preaching or by charging him falsely with any error which he hath not taught or like a son of Korah cast upon his true doctrine or himselfe any reproach every such person or persons whatsoever censure the Church may passe shall for the first scandall be convented and reproved openly by the Magistrate at some Lecture and bound to their good behaviour and if a second time they breake forth into the like contemptuous carriages they shall either pay five pounds to the publique treasury or stand two houres openly upon a blocke or stoole foure foot high on a Lecture day with a paper fixed on his breast written in capitall letters AN OPEN AND OBSTINATE CONTEMNER OF GODS HOLY ORDINANCES that others may feare and be ashamed of breaking out into the like wickednesse 1646. There be some in this England that account it piety and Religion to speake evill of Christs Ministers and cast off his Ordinances now blessed of God from heaven and earth be our Novangles Magistrates Ministers and people that have so seasonably witnessed against these abominations They are great lovers of peace and government these therefore be their words in another place For as much as experience hath plentifully often proved that since the first-rising of the Anabaptists about an hundred yeeres past they have bin the Incendiaries of Common-wealths and the infectors of persons in maine matters of Religion and the troublers of Churches in most places where they have been and that they who have held the baptizing of infants unlawfull have usually held other errors or heresies together therewith though as heretiques use to doe they have concealed the same untill they espied a fit advantage and opportunity to vent them by way of question or scruple and whereas divers of this kinde have since our comming into New-England appeared amongst our selves some whereof as others before them have denyed the Ordinance of Magistracy and the lawfulnesse of making warre others the lawfulnesse of Magistrates and their inspection into any breach of the first Table which opinions if connived at by us are like to be increased among us and so necessarily bring guilt upon us infection and trouble to the Churches and hazard to the whole Common-wealth It is therefore ordered by this Court and authority thereof that if any person or persons shall either openly condemne or oppose the baptizing of infants or goe about secretly to seduce others from the approbation or use thereof or shall purposely depart the Congregation at the administration of that Ordinance or shall deny the Ordinance of Magistracy or their lawfull right or authority to make warre or to punish the outward breaches of the first Table and shall appeare to the Court willfully and obstinately to continue therein after due meanes of conviction every such person or persons shall be sentenced to banishment 1644. And that wee may discerne how worthy they are that wee should doe all the good wee can for them for they love the nation where they inhabite and are very serious in preparing them for one husband to present them a pure virgin unto Christ 2 Cor. 11. 2. Severall therefore are their decrees in order to their conversion 1. Every Towne shall have power to restraine all Indians from prophaning the Lords day 1633. 1639. 1641. 2. The English shall not destroy the Indians corne but shall help them to fence in their grounds 3. Considering one end in planting these parts was to propagate the true Religion unto the Indians and that divers of them are become subjects to the English and have engaged themselves to be willing and ready to understand the Law of God It is therefore ordered and decreed that such necessary and wholesome Lawes which are in force and may be made from time to time to reduce them to civility of life shall be once in the yeer if the times be safe made knowne to them by such fit persons as the generall Court shall nominate having the helpe of some able Interpreter 4. Considering also that interpretation of tongues is appointed of God for propagating the truth It is therefore decreed that two Ministers shall be chosen every yeer and sent with the consent of their Churches with whomsoever will freely offer themselves to accompany them in that service to make knowne the heavenly counsell of God among the Indians and that something be allowed them by the Generall Court to give away freely to those Indians whom they shall perceive most willing and ready to be instructed by them 5. They decree further that no Indian shall at any time Powaw or performe outward worship to their false gods or to the devill and if any shall transgresse this law the Powawer shall pay 5 l. the procurer 5 l. c. 1646. Their love to learning also is meet to be remembred and encouraged wherein they have observed a chief project of that old deluder Satan to keepe men from the knowledge of the Scriptures as in former times keeping them in an unknowne tongue so in these latter times by perswading from the use of tongues that so at least the true sense and meaning of the originall might be clouded with false glosses of saint-seeming deceivers and that learning may not be buried in the graves of our forefathers in Church and Common