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A68601 Tom of all trades. Or The plaine path-vvay to preferment Being a discovery of a passage to promotion in all professions, trades, arts, and mysteries. Found out by an old travailer in the sea of experience, amongst the inchanted islands of ill fortune. Now published for common good. By Thomas Povvell. Powell, Thomas, 1572?-1635? 1631 (1631) STC 20168; ESTC S114992 23,102 81

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little of my Lampe in collection of these things and publish them to posterity Provided alwayes that I and mine may have the priviledge of imprinting the same for some fitting number of yeares to come The Navigator NExt to the man of Trade or rather equally with him I must give the Navigator his due for that his profession is as full of science as usefull to the Common wealth and as profitable to himselfe as any trade whatsoever If he attaine the skill of knowing and handling the tackle the certaine art of his Compasse the knowledge of languages and dispositions of forreigne Nations where he travailes and trades he may rise from a Squabler to a Master from a Master to be a Generall honestly and with good reputation in a short time The Nauigator his way of Advancement and imployment is by The Lords of his Maiesties privie Councell The High Admirall Commissioners for the Kings Navy Chiefe Officers of the Navyes of Societies incorporate Private Merchants and the like With the Trinitie house But if he get to be an Owner he may trade as free as bird in ayre as a man of warre or a man of trade and Commerce If he take heed that he intrench not vpon the incorporated Companies especially the minotaur He cannot do amisse with Gods assistnace He may liue merrily and contentedly be it but in trading as a meere Carryer of home cōmodities Imported from one port to another within the kingdome The Husbandman THe Husbandman may likewise for the happie content of the life and the honest gaine which it brings with it be worthy to inuite a right good mans sonne to vndergoe the profession Your sonne whom you intend for a Husbandman must be of a disposition part gentile and rusticke equally mixt together For if the Gentleman be predominant his running Nagge will out run the Constable His extraordinary strong Beere will be too headstrong in office of Church-Warden And his well mouthed dogges will make him out-mouth all the Vestrie But if the clowne be predominant he will smell all browne bread and garlicke Besides he must be of a hardier temper than the rest of his brethren because the vnhealthfullest corners of the Kingdome are the most profitable for Fermors He must especially aime at a Tenancie vnder the Crowne or some Bishops Sea Deane and Chapter some Colledge some Companie some Hospitall or some other bodie incorporate Wherein the Auditor or Receiver must be his best Intelligencer and Director Young vnthrifts acquaintance when they first arriue at the age of one and twentie And good old conscionable Landlords that hold it a deadly sinne to raise the rents of their Grandfathers or hope to be deliuered out of Purgatorie by their Tenants prayers will doe well These professions before mentioned be as it were the orbs to receiue all fixed starrs and such dispositions as may be put into any certaine frame But for a more libertine disposition Fit it with the profession of a Courtier For an overflowing and Ranker disposition make him a Souldier But beyond this he is a lost man not worthy a fathers remembrance or prouidence The Courtiers wayes of advancement be these BY the generall and most ancient rule of Court if you would have him to be preferred unto the Kings service in the end And in the meane time to have sufficient meanes of maintenance Place him with one of the White Staves of the Houshold By the more particular rule if you can put him unto the Lord High Steward his Service who amongst the white Staves hath the chiefest hand in preferring to any office beneath stayres If the High Steward be full seeke to the Lord Chamberlaine who hath the chiefe power to preferre to the places above stayres and to the Wardrobe And if there be no entrance there then seek to the Treasurer of the Houshold and next to the Controllor The Master of the Houshold The Coferer and the rest of the greene Cloth The Master of the Horse preferres to the Avenanarie and other Clarkeships offices and places about the Stable The principall Secretary hath heretofore had a great hand in preferring to the Clarkeships in the office of the Signet and the Lord privie Seale into the privie Seale office The Master of the great Wardrobe into the Clarkeships and offices there The Master of the Robes The Master of the Iewell-house the Keeper of the privie Purse The Master of the Toyles and Tents with some other the like have whilome beene the meanes of preferring divers their followers into the service of the King in divers beneficiall places and Clarkeships in their severall offices respectively The Lord Treasurer without the house preferres to his Majesties service in most places in or about the Custome-houses in all the parts of England And besides these I sinde no meanes used of old for preferment into the Kings service for these kind of places The yeomen of the Guard were wont to come in for their personage and activitie by their Captaines allowance And the Bed-chamber mens servants ever were in way to be preferred for Pages of the privie Chamber or Groomes or placed at the back staires not of right but of custome For the Clarkes of the Houshold they were wont anciently to rise by certaine degrees according to the prescription of the Black Booke but how it is now I know not For your better satisfaction of Court Offices their order and Fee Search the Blacke Booke in the Exchequer and in the Court. And for all Offices whatsoever under the King throughout the whole Kingdome Either in Castle Parke Chase Court or house of the Kings royalty or place soever with the then Fees of the same I referre you to a booke Whereof many hundred Copies are extant which was collected by the Lord Treasurer Burleigh and by him delivered to the late Queene Elizabeth of famous memorie And so much for the Courtier The Souldier followes ANd the question is first Whether the better way of thriving is to be a Sea Soldier or a Land Soldier Questionlesse the better way of thriving is to be a Sea Soldier In this Kingdome of England being an Island for that he is more vsefull to his Country More learning is required to be a Sea Soldier than to be a Land Soldier A Sea Soldier is certaine of victuals and wages where the Land Soldiers pay will hardly find him sustenance A Sea Soldier may now and than chaunce to haue a snapp at a bootie or a price which may in an instant make him a fortune for ever where the Land Soldier may in an age come to the ransacking of a poore fisher Towne at the most More valour is required in a Sea Soldier than in a Land Soldier because the extremitie of the place requires it The Sea Captaine is exposed to as much danger during the whole fight as the poorest man in the Ship where the land Captaine vseth but to offer his men to the face of the enemy and than
value in the first Fruits Bookes For attayning of any which I can advice you of no better course than to learne the way to the backe stayres The Lord Keeper presents for the King to all such benefices as belong to his Majestie and are under twenty pounds value in the bookes Now to know which of these are full and who are Incumbents in any of these Search The first Fruits Office The Clarke who hath the writing of the Presentations The Lord Keepers Secretarie being Where note that the King hath used very seldome to grant any such living in Reversion And the Lord Keeper now being His care is so great in this as in all cases of common good to provide for mans merit and cherish industrie in the growing plants that no one can offer unto him a repuest of this kinde without trespasse to his good disposition In the next place concerning Benefices in the Presentation of any of the Lords Bishops Note that most Bishopricks in England have presentation to divers Benefices belonging to their Seas For the number and present estate of these Search Their owne Leidgers Their Registers Enquire of Their Auditors Their Stewards of their Courts And sometimes you shall light upon some of theyr bookes of this kind in the hands of the heyres or Executors of such as have borne such offices under them He that is Chaplaine to such a Lord Bishop hath for the most part the best meanes accesse and opportunity to ataine to such a Benefice The commendations of such a great personage as to whom this Patron oweth greatest respect especially for his affairing in Court may doe some good in the matter The like wayes of discovery and the like meanes of attaining any Benefice in the Presentation of any Deane and Chapter are to be used with them respectively as with the Bishops With every Deane and Chapter are likewise divers Prebendaries to be obtained of their gift after the same manner and by the same meanes also The other bodies Incorporate besides those of Colledges and Deanes and Chapters have many of them especially of London and some subordinate Societies thereof right of the presentation to divers Benefices Also some Parishes by prescription doe present to their owne perochiall Benefices And many Patrons are content to present according to the approbation of the Parishioners upon their hearing and allowing and due exclamation of the integrity of the life of such suitors and no otherwise divers governors and gradations of the lands of divers Hospitals and Mesons de dien have like right of presentation to Benefices as have other bodies Incorporate And the meanes of discovery and attaining are likewise the like In Parishes and Companies of Tradesmen Incorporate some very few rule the roast Your Alderman of the Ward his Deputie your Common Councell-man Yea sometime that petty Epitomie of Wardemote Enquerst that little busie morsell of Iustice the Beadle of the Ward will make a strong partie in the election if he be put to it The Probotory Sermon that must be made upon such tryall before such an Auditorie would be according to the capacitie in generall But more esespecially according to the humor and addiction of those whose wits the rest have in singular reverence As Mr. Francis Fiat a good vnderstanding Fishmonger I assure you you may give the stile of right worshipfull to them though the best man of the company be but a Wine Cooper and his iudgement better in Claret then in Contioclerum a great deale If your sonne vpon his tryall can but fit their pallats smoothly which is hard to doe In regard that they are so hallow mouthed let him be sure though he misse the Benefice for want of preperation yet tenne to one but they will straine themselues to bring him in as a Lecturer which is a thing they reverence farre beyond the Parson of the Parish by many degrees Lastly for private Patrons and the Benefices in their guifts Search The Bishops Register for Iustitution and Presentation The Archdeacons Register for the Induction The Archbishops Register if it be a Peculiar It was my chaunce lately to see a booke of all the Benefices within the Diocesse of Canterbury with the manner of their tything in every each one respectiuely In which I find that there are or should be with the Register of every Lord Bishop seaven Bookes kept for Entrie of the matters and busines of their Diocesse of which this of Benefices is the cheife The like I saw formerly of the Diocesse of St. Davids which confirmes mee in the institution and custome of keeping the said bookes also in other Diocesse And seeing that severall privare Patrons are of severall dispositions some more Lucrative and Covetous Others more charitable and religious I can give you no other rule of attaining the Benefice than this viz. That your sonne bring with him abilitie of learning Integritie of life and conformitie of behaviour according to the order of the Church establisht amongst vs and these shall make his way with the good and generous Patron But for the other patron it makes no matter at all for learning and a very little for manners or whether he be a man conformable or no. Truely he is indifferent for his part very indifferent To such a patron your sonne must present himselfe thus if he meane to be presented according to present necessitie He must both speake and prove himselfe a man indued with good gifts For he shall have to deale with a Patron of a quicke Capacitie more dexterous in apprehension than your sonne or you can be in deliverie Be this Patron what he will your comfortis the Benefice must be filld and that within a limited time howsoever it is dangerous to attend the ending of the day in this case For seldome doth the Clarke of the market get any thing by their standing too long and above their accostomed houre Lapse by reason of Simony and Lapse for not presenting in due time Both offer advancement to learning But the first is at hand to discover as a witch And the second as rare to find out as a faithfull fiduciarie or a fast Freind The degrees of rising in the Ministrie are not easier knowne then practized by the industrious man Breifly if all Church livings in England were equally distributed There is noe one of the Ministry if he want not learning or good manners needs want maintenance or good Livelyhood Here I could wish to God That it might please the right reuerend Fathers of the Church the Lord Bishops That they would once in every of their times cause a true Catalogue of all the Benefices within their severall Diocesse with the names of the Patrons thereof according to the last presentation to be sent into the office of the first fruits for the better information of all such as deserue and would gladly attaine to some meanes of maintenance which they may the better doe by hauing recourse thither there to take notice of