not what thou wouldst do with me for with thee is Wisdom I was delighted with this alone in that Exhortation that he did mightily excite me with that Discourse and inflame me that I should love seek after and attain and hold fast and embrace not this or that Sect but Wisdom it self whatever it was And I did burn and this only cooled me in so great a heat that the Name of Christ was not there For this Name through thy Mercy O Lord I had suck'd into my tender Heart with my Mother's Milk and whatsoever was without this Name tho Learned and Polite and True did not wholly Ravish me August l. 3. Conf. c. 4. Felix Africanus Bishop and his Associates chose rather to give up their own Lives in the Dioclesian Persecution that the Copies of the New Testament Origen when a Child was very inquisitive into the hidden meaning of the Scriptures and even tired his Father with asking questions and afterwards never went to Meals never to Sleep without some part of the Scripture read Dr. Cave John an Egyptian Confessor whom Eusebius saw and heard tho his Eyes were out and his Body mangled would repeat any passages out of the Old and New Testament whom I supposed saith he to be reading in a Book till coming near I was struck with great Admiration Idem Theodosius the younger could exactly repeat the Holy Scripture in any part Idem Nazianzen ptofesseth he had willingly renounced all other things for the sake of this Book Idem Gildas hath scarce one Paragraph in his Epistles unstored with Texts of Scripture T. Jones K. Alphonsus read over the Bible 14 times with Commentaries such as his Age afforded Mr Bradford never went to bed without his Book Fox Martyrol Heathens The more I study the Nature of God and inquire what he is the less I find The Saying of Simonides to Hiero of Syracuse Know that it is the greatest Point of Religion about the Immortal Gods to have right Opinions of them that you may know that they are and that they govern all things well and righteously and that we ought to obey them and acquiesce in all things that they do c. Epict. c. 38. Muscovites There are a great number of Monasteries both for men and women in Muscovy of S. Basil's order but they have this common with all the Muscovites that they can hardly write and read Not one in ten can say the Lord's Prayer much fewer the Creed and Commandments D. of Holstein's Emb. Travels p. 105. Persians The Audience being over The King of Persia again sent for Lalin Mariage and Father Raphael and after a short discourse having dismissed all but F. Raphael he fell into a Dispute with him touching the Unity of the Divine Nature the necessity of one Prophet and how Mahomet was the Seal and Crown of all the Prophets He seemed to admire that the Franks who had the reputation of being People of Wit and Discretion could think that Jesus Christ was a God Tavernier's Collection of several Relations c. p. 28. Papists The Venetians are generally ignorant of the matters of Religion to a scandal and they are as unconcerned in them as strangers to them Dr. Burnet's Letters The great Libertinage that is so undecently practised by most sorts of People at Venice extends it self to the Clergy to such a degree that tho Ignorance and Vice seem the only indelible Characters that they carry generally over all Italy yet those appear here in a more conspicuous manner than elsewhere Idem One of the chief Ornaments of Venice was the famous Young Woman that spoke five tongues well of which the Latin and Greek were two she passed Dr. of Physick at Padua was a person of such extraordinary Vertue and Piety that she is spoken of as a Saint she was of the Noble Family of the Cornaro's Idem 2. Love to God Christian ¶ From Syria even to Rome I fight with Beasts by Land by Sea Night and Day bound with 10 Leopards a guard of Souldiers would to God I might enjoy the Beasts prepar'd for me who I wish may make quick dispatch with me whom I will allure to devour me speedily and if they will not I will even force them Pardon me I know what is best for me Now I begin to be a Disciple of Christ Let Fire Cross and Troops of violent Beasts and all the torments of the Devil come on me that I may enjoy Christ Ignatius in his Journey to Rome My Love is crucified The saying of Ignat. Two Loves make two Cities the Love of God makes Jerusalem the love of the World makes Babylon Let every on ask himself what he Loves and he will find of what place he is a Citizen Aug. on Psalm 64. He loves thee less O Lord who loves any thing with thee which he doth not love for thee Idem in Conf. l. He that Loves not doth not labour for all labour is difficult to them who do not love Only Love is ashamed of the name of Difficulty Ibid. The Love of God is never idle Operatur enim magna Greg. in Ho. Our Soul is not more present where it lives than where it loves Vbi animat quà m ubi amat unless you suppoe it to be more there where 't is bound by necessity than were it is carried freely Bern. de Praecep Love of God Prior Deus dilexit nos Tantus tantum gratis tantillos tales Bern. If you would be presently cleansed from Vices enkindle in your self the Fire of Divine Love if you have perfectly tasted the sweetness of the Divine Love you will not care for temporal sweetness Rabanus in quod Serm. Wretched I how much ought I to love my God who made me when I was not Redeemed me when I was miserable For I was not and he made me of nothing not a Stone not a Tree not a Brute but he would have me to be a Man he gave me Life Sense Discretion brought me out of Exile Redeemed me out of Bondage called me by his Name that his Memorial might be always with me he anointed me with the Oil of Gladness with which himself was anointed that I might be anointed from the Anointed and called a Christian from Christ August de Sp. An. I have loved thee O lord not with a doubtful but certain Conscience Thou hast smitten my Heart with thy Word and I have loved Thee The Heavens and the Earth and all things therein cry unto me that I should love thee Neither do they cease to speak unto All Men that they may be inexcusable Idem in l. Conf. If Souls please thee let them be loved in God for they also are Mutable but fixed in Him they are established otherwise they would go and perish therefore let them be loved in Him and draw them with thy self to Him as many as thou canst and say to them Let us love Him let us love Him He made these things and He is
in aliud opus destinato Hence their Encaenia solemn Feasts at their Devoting of their Temples to the Worship of some Idol God Modern Heathen I confess I have not yet met with any thing in my reading to fill up this Section but am willing to leave a void space for the Reader to fill up at his leisure for his own Use for I cannot be induced to think but they generally use some Ceremony for this purpose tho perhaps our Travellers finding the Structures erected and peradventure long before their Arrival into the Countries might see nothing of it nor make enquiry about it Diabolical Delrius tells us out of a French Book of Florimund Raimunds a Senator of the King 's in the Court of Burdeaux that an old Woman Tried in that Court A. 1594. for Witch-craft confessed of her own accord That being a Girl she was enticed by an Italian Man on the Eve of S. John Baptist at Midnight to go with him into a certain Feild where the Italian mark'd out a Circle on the ground with a Beech Wand and muttered certain words over which he read out of a black Book and presently upon it a great black Goat stood by them with great Horns attended with two Females and by and by a Man came in Priests Habit c. Mag. Disq l. 6. 5. Priests and Church Officers their Distinction and Office Jewish 1. The High Priest whose Office was 1. Peculiar to himself as to enter into the Holy of Holies once a year upon the Propitiation day 2. Common with other Priests He had his Suffragan or Sagan 2. Inferior Priests whose Office was 1. To burn Incense and Offer Sacrifice 2. To sound the Trumpets for War and Assemblies 3. To slay the Sacrifices 4. To instruct the People 5. To Judg of the Leprosy David divided the Company of Priests into 24 Orders who were to serve in their turns by lot 1 Chro. 24. the chief of every Rank was called Summus Sacerdos 3. Levites in David's time divided 1. Into Treasurers some Gershonites 2. Judges and Overseers some Cohathites 3. Porters some Merarites 4. Singers In Moses time they bore the Tabernacle and Vessels c. 4. Prophets 1. Extraordinary Seers 2. Ordinary Expositors of the Law which no later times were 1. Wise men Pharisees wise above the Text of the Law taught Traditions 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 2. Scribes not the Writing-Masters but Doctors of the Law who were to Write Read and Expound the Law of Moses 3. Disputers who taught Allegories and the Mystical Senses of the Text call'd 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Darshanim and their Homily Midrasch Note the First-born of all the Tribes were to manage Religious Affairs 'till the Levites were chosen in their room Exod. 13.2.15 Christian I. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Consecrated to the more proper and immediate acts of Worship These were I. Bishops usually chosen out of the Presbyters distinct from and Superiour to Presbyters as Blondid and Salmasius confess about the latter end of the Second Century Consider 1. Their Office viz. To Teach and Instruct the People to administer the Sacraments Excommunicate Absolve to preside in the Assemblies of the Clergy to ordain inferiour Officers to call them to Account to Suspend c. to urge the observance of Ecclesiastical Laws to appoint indifferent Rites to inspect and provide for those of their Charge 2. Order 1. Chorepiscopi Suffragan or County Bishops Vicarii Episcopi where the Diocess was large in imitation of the Seventy Disciples for so many they were at first 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Visitors Rural Presbyters who were to go up and down the Countrey to correct what was amiss 3. Arch-Bishops Metropolitans in every great City who were to Ordain or to Ratifie Elections of Bishops once a Year to Summon the Bishops under them to a Synod to enquire direct admonish suspend determine c. 4. Metropolitans Honorary or Titular without any real power yet taking place of other Bishops 5. Patriarchs Primates 2. Presbyters who were to Preach Baptize Consecrate the Eucharist assist the Bishop in publick Administrations These were 1. Clerici Superioris loci Antistites in ordine secunde Presbytens of every great City who were a kind of Ecclesiastical Senate Counsellors and Assistants to the Bishops in their Government and had Seats of Eminency in the Churches next the Bishop's Throne 2. Ordinary Presbyters N. B. They did not usually exercise the Power conferred by Ordination upon them in any Diocess without leave from the Bishop 3. Deacons who were to attend at the Lord's Table where the People met every Lord's Day to offer for the Poor Hence they have used to deliver the Sacramental Elements to the People also to Preach and Baptize Assistants to the Priest as he to the Bishop the number in any one place not above Seven 1. Arch-Deacon the Eye of the Bishop chosen out of the Deacons to inspect all parts of the Diocess 2. Sub-Deacon who assisted the Deacons waited at the Church Doors usher'd in and brought out the several Orders Catechumens c. 2. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Vid. Pag. 25. Mahometan 1. Musti i. e. Interpreter of the Alcoran who is as High-Priest attending only Matters of Faith and Religion He is Head of the Church and decides all Questions in their Law 2. Cadilesquiri Talismani i. e. Doctors of the Law resident at C. P. or where the Prince pleaseth These are as it were Patriarchs They examine the Cadis of divers Provinces These also call the People to Prayers among the Turks 3. Mulli qu. Bishops who place and displace Church-men at pleasure 4. Nuderisi qu. Suffragans who are to inspect the Cadis 5. Cadis Judges to punish Offenders there is one in every City 6. Naipi Young Judges or Candidates for the Office 7. Hogi who write Books and teach Sciences 8. Calfi who read unto them that Write 9. Sosti Young Students or Novices in the Law Some add Sophi Singers of Psalms c. Ancient Heathen 1. Pontifex Maximus the highest of the Chief Priests who was to appoint the Ceremonies belonging to the Worship of the Gods 2. Flamen or High Priest who was named according to the Gods whom they served as Hamen Martialis Hamen Dialis Humen Quirinalis c. 3. Priests 1. Of Cybele Curetes Corybantes Galli 2. Of Ceres and Bacchus Fratres Arvales who offered Sacrifices Ambarvales Hostias and Judged about the bounds of Fields 3. Of Mars Salii who were to keep the Ancile 4. Of Pan Lupercales c. 5. Of Jupiter Druids in use amongst the Gauls Curiones were Parish-Priests or Curates Two for a Curia Fifty Curiae in Rome over these was Curio Maximus 4. Priestesses of Vesta Vestal Virgins Six or Four in number who were to attend the Sacrifices of Ops or Bona Dea and to keep a Fire continually burning for the safety of the Empire as God hath set Stars in the Firmament for the good of the World Modern Heathen 1. The
of the death of Imam Hussia a mournful Festival and lasting 10 days in which time they wear black no Man shaves go not to the Bagnio's debauch not abstain from their Wives during these 10 days the Gates of Paradise are open for Mahometans who die then M. de Thev The People black all their Bodies go naked about the Streets crying Hussein Hocen Hocen Hussein 'till they foam at the Mouths c. Tavernier Turkish First Month Muharrem ai Thirty Days The Ramjam of the Mahometans or Lent begins the first New Moon of September and continues that whole Moon viz. 30 days The last day of their Lent they consecrate to a day of mourning for their deceased Friends See in the Month Remezan before The next day after Lent they go to the Mosquits to hear some part of the Alcoran Vide Fasting Ancient Heathen Aug. 17. Portunalia 18. Consualia 20. Vinalia secunda 21. Vinal Rustica Mysteria Magn. 23. Vulcanalia in Circ Flam. 25. Opiconsivae 27. Volturnalia sive Vortumnalia v. Oct. 28. Harpocratis Fest. 29. Volcanalia Sept. 15. Ludi V. KL qui Romani Magni Modern Heathen Medearum a Feast of the persees kept on the 16th of Deh or August 7. In Tisri or Ethanim September October Jewish TIsri 1. The Feast of Trumpets Lev. 23.23 Numb 29.1 2 3. in Civil Account New-Years-day 1. This was New Moon and Feast of Trumpets 2. They offered Sacrifices for the Feast for the New Moon and the daily Sacrifices 3. They blew Trumpets from Morning 'till Night Psal 81.3 Either 1. To make New-Years-Day more remarkable or in remembrance 2. Of the Ram Sacrificed for Isaac or 3. The giving the Law on M. Sinai or 4. The Resurrection 10. The Day of Atonement Lev. 23.27 Jejunium Kipparim the Jews long day On this day the High-Priest enter'd into the Holy of Holies and 1. Offered for himself a young Bullock for a Sin-Offering and a Ram for a Burnt-Offering washing himself with Water See Book the 2d Confession 2. Took of the Congregation two He-Goats letting one of them escape into the Wilderness disburthening the Sins of the People on him Sacrificing the other together with a Ram. 15. The Feast of Tabernacles Schenopegia which lasted seven days Leviticus 23.48 On these Days 1. They made Booths and lived in them in Streets or the tops of Houses with Citron Palm Myrtle Willow 2. Every Man carried a load of Boughs in the Morning which load was called Hosanna 3. On the next day they compassed the Altar 7 times with Palm-Boughs in their hands in remembrance of the overthrow of Jericho crying out Hosanna Hence Dies Palmarum 4. They Offered 70 Bullocks of these 7 Days 13 on the Ist c. to signifie the diminution of the 70. 12 on the 2d c. to signifie the diminution of the 70. 11 on the 3d. c. to signifie the diminution of the 70. Nations 'till the Messiah subdued them 5. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 or Dies Palmarum or Hosanna Rabba was the seventh day of the Feast on which 1. They read the last Section of the Law and began the first left they should seem glad that it was ended 2. They brought store of Water from the River Shiloah to the Priest who with Wine poured it on the Altar and sang Isa 12.3 With Joy shall ye draw Water out of the Wells of Salvation Vid. John 7.38 23. Gaudium Legis or Festivitas Legalis a Feast in remembrance of the Law when the last Section is read and at the same time the Law is begun again that the Devil say they may not tell GOD That Israel is weary of the Law Dr. Addison Ancient Christian Sep. 14. Vzemirna wozdui senja Chresta or the Exaltation of the Cross a Festival of the Muscovites Bishop Latimer in a Sermon of his to the Clergy delivers himself in this manner Do ye see nothing in our Holy-days of the which very few were made at first and they to set forth Goodness Vertue and Honesty But sithence there is neither mean nor measure in making new Holy-days As who say This one thing is serving GOD to make this Law that no Man may work But what do the People on these Holy-days See you nothing Brethren If you see not GOD seeth GOD seeth all the whole Holy-days to be spent miserably in Drunkenness Glossing Strife Envy Dancing Diceing Idleness and Gluttony Thus Men serve the Devil for GOD is not thus served albeit ye say ye serve GOD. The Devil hath more Service done unto him in one Holy-day than on many Working-days Rich Men flow in delicates the Poor may not work unless they will be cited and brought before our Officials Were it not the Office of good Prelates to consult upon these Matters Ye shall see my Brethren you shall see once what will come of this winking Mahometan Persian Eiloul 30 Days Some time after the Feast of Hussein and Hocen the Persians celebrate the Feast of the Camel in remembrance of Abraham's Sacrifice for they say it was a Camel and not a Ram which was sent to reprieve Ishamel not Isaac Tavernier Turkish Sepher ai 29 Days Sept. 20. i. e. Forty Days after Aaschour in a Feast called Serten i. e. dead body because say they the Head of Hussia being cut off was of it self-joined to the body 40 days after kept with great rejoycing Alms not shaving the head from the first of Aaschour by some till this of Serte M. de Theu Ancient Heathen Sept. 30. Epulum Minervae Meditrinalia On this day they tasted the first New Wine Octob. 1. Pyanepsia seu Panopsia Apoll 10. Oschophoria i. e. Ramalia Feasts at Athens instituted by Theseus when he returned Mourning from Creet upon Intelligence of the decease of his Father Aegeus in which the Noblest Youths carried Vine-branches into Minerva's Temple Jewish 8. In Marchesuan October November 7. A Fast They plucked out the Eyes of Zedekiah c. Ancient Christian I came my self saith the aforesaid Bishop to a place sending word over night to the Town the I would preach next day a Holy-day When I came the door was fast locked I tarried there half an hour or more at last the Key was found and one told me Sir this is a busie day with us we cannot hear you 't is Robin Hood's Day the Parish are gone abroad to gather for Robin Hood My Rochet was fain to give place to Robin Hood's men a Traitor and Thief Bp. Latimer's Serm. Cardinal Pool in his Platform of Reformation A. 1555. here in England requires the Bishops to preach every Sunday or Holyday Dr. Burnet's Hist of the Reformation The Council of Trent requires Arch-Presbyters Parish-Ministers and all that had Cure of Souls either by themselves or if hindered by any lawful impediment by others fit persons to feed the people committed to their charge with wholsom words according to their own and their Capacity upon Holy-days and Solemn Festivals c. Decr. Sess
a Whore The Saying of R. Ase Ancient Christian The Christians in Aegypt continued all the six days in Devotion so earnestly that they forgot to take their Food from Morning 'till Night Sozom. l. 6. c 18. ex Phil. Jud. The People of Edessa would not be terrified from their often Meetings through the fear of Death threatned to them Ruffin l. 2. c. 5. 1. At rising they met together and betook themselves to Prayer Chrysost Hom. 1. de Precat This was done by the Master of the House unless some Minister of Religion were present Certainly they read some portion of Scripture c. Dr. Cave They had set Hours for Prayer V. Cypr. Clem. Alex. de Orat. Dom. viz. the First Third and Sixth 2. About Noon before Dinner some part of the S. Scripture was read and the Meat being set on the Table a Blessing was solemnly begged of GOD. Dr. Cave Theodosius Junior Empèror would not taste any Meat or eat a Fig before he had first given Thanks and set it apart with the sign of the Cross Idem 3. When at Dinner they sung Hymns and Psalms a custom which Clem. Alex. commends Paedag. l. 2. c. 4. p. 165. Chrysostom greatly pleads for it to be used at ordinary works at meals after meals as an excellent Antidote against Temptations in Ps 41. Tom. 3. Cypr. Ep. 1. p. 7. 4. Every time they took the Cup to drink they made the sign of the Cross and called upon Christ Nazianz. 5. Dinner ended they prayed Basil Ep. ad Greg. Tom. 3. p. 46. 6. Before going to bed they prayed again the whole family 7. At midnight they rose to pray and sing Hymns Clem. Alex. paed l. 2. c. 9. This was very ancient proceeding from their Nocturnal Assemblies in persecution Afterward left off as inconvenient yet it continues in Monasteries 8. Concerning Catechising vide alibi They read Scripture diligently prayed frequently and sung Psalms alone Vide Sub. Tit. particul Mahometan The Mahometans are obliged by their Religion to pray five times every day Most of them are careful to pray at least 3 times and in the Mogul's Countrey generally 5 times and they make a conscience of it from the Mogul himself upon the Throne to the poor Shepherd that attends upon his flock abroad But they endeavour commonly to say their Prayers in Church and if not there they do it in their houses or fields Ancient Heathen In every family there were so many little statues of Wood c. placed about their Lares as were Sons in the House and when any one was out of his childhood at 16 he hang'd the Bulla which he then left off about the Neck of the child's statue Servants also had statues of Wool or Hay The Romans had Laâ—es or Houshold Gods and Faci or Chimneys for them and the ordinary people observed the Ludi Compitalitii Plays and Dances in the streets in honour of them The Romans gave their Tables great Reverence accounting them sacred by laying on of the Salt-sellers and the Images of the Gods Arnob. 2. adv Gent. p. 87. The Druids procure publick and private Sacrifices Caes de Bell. Gal. Alexander Severus had in his private Chappel the Image of Jesus Christ amongst other Deities and Heroes to whom he paid adoration every morning particularly for that Precept Quod tibi non viâ— sieâ—i alteri ne feceris Modern Heathen The Chingulaes in Ceilon besides their publick Temples have private Chappels little Houses like Closets in their Yards not above 2 or 3 foot big sometimes but built upon a Pillar 2 or 3 foot from the ground wherein they place certain Images of the Buddou or Saviour God that they may have him near them and do testifie their Love and Service to him by lighting up Candles and Lamps in his House and laying flowers every morning before him Capt. Knox Relat. of Ceil In Guinea and the East Indies they daub with a kind of Chalky Earth for their Morning Devotions View of the Engl. Acq. in Guinea c. The Tunquinese adore 3 things in their Houses the Hearth of their Chimney made of 3 stones an Idol called Tiensa Patroness of Handicrafts and Buabin which they implore when they I go to build an House Tavernier Diabolical 1. Acts of Unbelief Distrust Despair Dishonour to God c. 2. Injustice Uncharimbleness Wrath Evil Speech Adultery Uncleanness Lying profane Swearing Cursing Covetousness Pride Discontent Curiosity c. 3. Idleness Intemperance Gluttony Drunlaenness And in a word all neglect and remissness in governing the Heart and Tongue and Actions in subduing the Lusts and Passâ—â—ns Yet in the Indies they use certain Ceremonies and Sacrifices as do also Magicians Spells and Invocations c. 19. Ecclesiastical Worship Jewish 1. THey sounded the Trumpers every morning at the opening of the Court-Gates particularly of the Gate of Nicanor to call the Levites and Stationary Men to their Desks and Service and the people of Jerusalem to the Temple Also they rung the Great Bell Migrepha 2. They offered Sacrifice in the Temple-Service twice a day 3. They read the Law twice The Master of the Synagogue called out one of the Seven Readers appointed for the Service of the Synagogue Gave him a Book to read He read standing in honour of the Law 4. The expounded the Law and made Discourses to the people Teaching and Instruction was always performed fitting Dr. Lightfoot 5. They had Prayers 4 times a day 6. Stationary men were appointed by course to be always attending the Service of the Temple lest they should want a Congregation as Deputies of the people for the Daily Sacrifice was the Sacrifice of all Israel And therefore it being impossible that all Israel should be present these were chosen Representatives Christian 1. The Roman Service for 400 years thus out of stilling Orig. Brit. 1. The Epistle out of St. Paul only Walasrid and the Pontifical Book Strabo 2. The Gospel 3. The Sacrifice In Celestine's Time 1. The Epistle 2. The Gospels 3. The Psalms or Antiphonae made out of them the whole Choir singing each Verse alternatim Walaf Strabo Microlog 4. Responsoria or proper Hymns Anthems i. e. one singing and the whole Choir answering 5. The Sacrifice No Creed No Sermon till Leo's Time 2. The Gallican Service Ibid. Morning 1. Lessons 2. Hymns 3. Psalms of St. Hierom's Translation with Gloria Patri at the end in Latin 4. Between the Psalms 1. The Deacon did silentium indicere 2. The people privately on their knees fell to their private Devotions 5. A concluding Collect Collecta Oratia the Lord's Prayer commonly 1. The Creed appointed by the 3 Council of Toledo 2. Prophetical Lessons Three Books being laid on the Altar viz. of the Prophets Epistles and Gospels Greg. Turon 3. The Sermon immediately after the Gospel 4. The Sacrifice in which Service were 1. Confession of sins Apdogia a particular Enumeration of sins Suscipe confessionem meam Domine 2. Prefaces and Collects Contestatio
by that Court c. See more in Dr. Burnet 's Letters and the Supplement to them Ambrosian and Roman Office As for the Devotions of this place Milan I saw here the Ambrosian Office which is distinguished from the Roman both in the Musick which is much simpler and in some other Rites The Gospel is read in a high Pulpit at the lower end of the Quire that so it may be heard by all the People though this is needless since it is read in a Language that they do not understand When they go to say High Mass the Priest comes from the high Altar to the lower end of the Quire where the Offertory of Bread and Wine is made by some of the Laity Dr. Burnet 's Letters Hither may be referred the difference of their Divine Service in England formerly Secundum usum Sarum Bangor c. Protestants 1. Lutherans 1. Their Doctrines IN most Points they agree with the Calvinists as may be seen in their Confessions except that they hold that Christ is consubstantially in the Sacrament and some of them agree not with the Calvinists in the Point of Absolute Predestination nor in the Abolition of Saints days c. 2. Discipline and Worship 1. They retain Bishops but shorten their Revenues in Germany Denmark Swedeland but not in England 2. They use Forms of Prayer Kneeling at the Sacrament generally keep some Holy-days of Saints in many places use Instrumental Musick particularly 1. In Swedeland 1. Their number of Parish-Churches are 42000 all covered with Copper 2. In all of them there are Organs in some two or three pair and Bells in all their Churches 3. There are in that Kingdom 64 Provinces 12 or 14 Bishops one Arch-bishop residing at Vpsal 4. The Bishop with all the Priests of his Provinces hears Causes and Excommunicates 5. Their Elders are for Life and their Office to take care of the Church-repairs and the Poor 6. Two or three Chaplains belong to every Church at least 7. Three times a day they go to Church except on Fasting-days for then four Ministers preach successively and the People go not out from Morning till Night their Order of Service thus 1. The Morning for Servants when there is 1. A Psalm sung 2. A Prayer in Form and a Psalm again 3. The Chapter wherein the Text lies read 4. A Psalm sung again viz. some Epistle of Luther's translated into Hymn 5. The Sermon of an hour long 6. A Psalm again 2. The middle Service for Masters of Families c. in which there is the same order as before except that the Text is taken out of the Gospel and the Gospel read before the Altar For they have an Offering every Lord's day and a Sacrament after the second Sermon the People coming to Church on Saturday to be prepared for the Sacrament and receiving a Ticket for which they pay a Fee 3. Their last Service is from one till five a clock All their Weddlings are in Church Mr. Derick Reynes a Native 2. In Livonia an Inland adjoyning to the Baltick Sea now under the King of Swedeland 1. It s Government is by an Arch-bishop residing at Riga and Bishops or Superintendants at Reuel c. 2. Their Doctrine is according to the Auspurg Confession 3. Their Knowledge and Devotion very little and mixt with much Superstition and Sorcery for there is hardly a Village but hath a Church and Minister and yet the People so poorly instructed that it may be said Baptism excepted they have not any Character of Christianity they very seldom go to Sermons and never almost communicate unless forced and driven to it by other occasions D. of Holstein 's Ambass Travels into Muscovy c. 3. In Germany 1. Their Government is by Bishops and Superintendants c. 2. Their Doctrine differs a litlte but not in the substantial part of it as may be seen in the Harmony of Confessions 3. They have a Sermon every day saith Dr. Brown at Hamburgh as in other Lutheran Cities In his Travels p. 176. 4. They retain Pictures in their Churches The Lutherans at Frank ford have built a new Church called S. Catherines in which there is as much Painting as ever I saw in any Popish Church and over the High Altar is a huge carved Crucifix as there are Painted ones in other places of their Church Dr. Burnet's Letters 5. At Strasburg they bow when they name the Holy Ghost as well as the Name of Jesus Idem 6. I was in their Church saith the Reverend Author where if the Musick of their Psalms pleased me much the Irreverence in singing it being free to keep on or put off the hat did appear very strange to me Idem ibid. 7. They have not as Strasburg the same Ceremonies that the Lutherans of Saxony have which Mr. Bebel their Professor of Divinity said was a great Happiness for a similitude in outward rites might dispose the ignorant People to change too easily ibid. 8. The Lutherans for the greatest part retain their Animosities almost to an equal degree both against Papists and Calvinists ibid. 9. The Lutheran Churches are handsome and their Pulpits exeraordinary Noble and richly set off as I observed through all Saxony Noremberg and where they are Masters of the places c. Dr. Brown's Travels In the Palatinate the Order of their Service is thus as I received it from the hand of one Herman Graffâ—ing of Keysart Lautern a Native of the Palatinate On Sundays Morning-Service 1. On a Sledge in the Porch is notified what Psalms are to be sung 2. When they are come into Church the Clerk begins to sing the people all joyning with him presently every one having his book and the Scholars generally being taught at School to sing by Notes the melody is pleasant 3. The Minister prays in the book one prayer concluding always with the Lord's Prayer 4. Then follows a short Hymn to this sense O God that art our Father through Jesus Christ give us thy Spirit in general that may lead us into the Truth hear us in this hour Open the mouth of thy Servant that the word may be pure and freely explained O Lord graciously open our hearts and ears that we may hear it with all diligence and keep it truly so that we may plentifully declare thy praise 5. After this Hymn is sung the Minister prays in short Extempore with respect to his Sermon 6. Next he preacheth and after he hath divided his Text and disposed his Sermon into parts which he doth without book the Minister being bare or using only a Cap upon his head but the people covered He makes a short Prayer and exhorts them to attention and charitableness to the poor c. the people all standing up and putting off their Hats Whereupon the people sit down again and he proceeds on with his Sermon and the Church-warden goes about from Pew to Pew with a long Staff and a Purse and Bell at the end of it to gather
Gold Coins Pictures and Statues to be represented as a Person Praying with Hands spread abroad and Eyes lift up to Heaven Dr. Cave Mr. Ignatius Jurdaine Merchant was wont for many years even to old Age Winter and Summer to rise between two and three a clock to his private Devotions continuing there till six and then proceeded to Family-Duties Clark Myconius sending in a Letter to Luther that he was Sick not unto Death but unto Life Luther wrote to him again that he prayed that he and others his Friends might survive him and that he might not be left alone with his dry exhausted and wearied Body to combat with Devils here below Hoc peto hoc volo fiat voluntas mea Amen which accordingly came to pass for Myconius recovered of his Consumption and lived six years after Insomuch that Justus Jonas saith of Luther Potuit quod voluit Fuller 's Lives Persians The Persians never undertake any thing but they pronounce the Bismilla in the name of God and sometimes say Behnam ohuki namesch herez Tzanehafr i. e. in his Name who is the Refuge and Protection of Souls They express a great Attention and Devotion in their Prayers I have seen them in their Metschid at Ispahan when they had their Eyes so fastened on the Ground or lift up to Heaven that they would not take any notice of one D. of Holst Emb. Trav. p. 279. Mahometans The Mahometans or Infidels of Indostan or East-India whatever Impediments they have at home or abroad they constantly Pray five times every day viz. at six nine and twelve in the Morning and three and six in the Afternoon The Mogul the Prince himself does so and the meanest Shepherd that waits on his Flock in the Field and if they can they perform their Devotions in their Moschits or Churches Most go to Prayers every day at least to those of Noon Quindy and Akscham A Mahometan told a Reverend Divine of England Resident of the Great Mogul's Court There was said he a most Devout Mussel-man who had his Habitation in a great City where Mahomet was zealously professed who for many years together spent his whole days in the Mosquit not minding the World at all so that this Family was become very Poor ready to Famish He leaves them one morning in this low Condition takes a solemn Leave of his Wife and Children resolving for his part to go and Pray and Dye in the Mosquit if no Relief came and leaving his Family to Famish at home But that very day there came to his House a beautiful young Man as he appeared who gave to his Wife a considerable quantity of Gold bound up in a white Napkin telling her that God had now remembred her Husband and sent him his Pay for his Constant Pains in Devotions c. Her Husband at his return at night brought nothing but a little Grit or Sand which he opened to shew and it was all turned into precious Stones c. the seventh part of which he gave to the Poor for said he a Musselman is very Charitable Adding If we do not forget God he will not forget us This Story seems Incredible but 't is related by the nameless Author of Indost and E. Ind. The Moors about Fesse in the beginning of any Labour or Journey looking up to Heaven with a low Voice say Bismillah i. e. in the Name of God Morden In passing by one another they say Salem alleque Peace be with thee at the hearing of one Sneeze God be your Keeper Idem The Moors Pray five times a day first about Noon second about three a clock third at Sun-set fourth a little within Night fifth a little before day in Winter Idem When the Mahometans mount on Horse-back Play or Eat they say Bismillah M. de Thev In some parts of Cathay the Monks Pray on strings full of Nut-shells Rosse Chinese Papists Persians and Muscovites in Praying use Beads though not all nor always The more Puritanical sort of Turks have a Tesbuch a kind of Chaplet or String of Beads consisting of 99 Beads upon each of which they repeat certain words out of the Alcoran Tavern In Ceylon also they pray on Beads Rosse Gaurs The Gaurs when they pray tye a Handkerchief about their Mouths as if they were afraid their words should mix with the Air and receive any impurity M. Tavern l. 4. c. 8. Persians The Persians cannot say their Prayers when they have any Gold about them Idem l. 5. c. 10. and therefore they never wear Jewel or Ring of Gold because it would be troublesome to pull 'em off and lay them up so many times a day Muscovites They in their Prayers consider the Virgin Mary the Evangelists Apostles and an infinite number of other Saints not only as simple Intercessors as the most intelligent affirm but also as Causes and Co-operators of their Salvation There is no Muscovite but gives his Saints and their Images the honour due only to God D. of Holst Ambass Trav. Abyssines They pray for the dead e. g. Remember Lord the Souls of thy Servants and our Father Abba Matthew and the rest of our Fathers Abba Salama and Abba Jacob c. And again Remember Lord the Kings of Ethiopia Abreha Atzbeha Caleb and Gebrak Meschah c. Release O Lord our Fathers Abba Antony and Abba Macarius c. From whence it may be fairly Justified That they admit Purgatory which yet in words they constantly deny But through Simplicity and Ignorance they are not constant to themselves for at another time they implore the Intercession of the same Souls Job Ludolph Armenians The Armenians pray not for the dead imagining that 'till the general Day of Doom they are without either Joy or Torment Sir Tho. Herb. So soon as the Armenians discover the Mountain Ararat they kiss the Earth and lifting up their Eyes to Heaven say their Prayers M. Taver Book 1. c. 4. Calvinists Corderius taught his Scholars to pray twice or thrice every day besides their Prayers at rising in the Morning and lying down at Night and also constantly at Meat And moreover advised them sometime to retire by themselves to secret Prayer Corder Collo Papists Margaret of Valois not long since Queen of France built her a Chapel provided her Chaplains and large Endowments for them that so perpetually day and night every hour successively without intermission by some one or other there might intercession be made to God for her unto the World's end a thing which her self had little thought of in her life-time as having other business to think on Mr. John Hales Formosa After the Priesttesses Juibs have fed heartily on the Offerings they proceed to Prayer which is long joyned with several distracted motions of the Eyes 'till falling to the ground they make dreadful cries and shrieks then lye immoveable on the ground extended saying in this posture the Gods communicate their mind to them then they get up to the top of the
Study but among the Magistrates and Citizens And if there are not many Men of the first Form of Learning among them yet every one almost here hath a good Tincture of a learned Education insomuch that they are Masters of the Latin Tongue they know the Controversies of Religion and History and are generally Men of good Sense Dr. Burnet's Letters Muscovites A Muscovite may sell his Son and alienate him for his own Advantage but they seldom come to such Extremities and had rather see their Children Starve at home than suffer them to go out any where to Service Sometimes for Debt they make over their Children to their Creditors D. of Holstein's Emb. Travels The first thing the Muscovites teach their Children is to make their Reverences and Inclinations to the Images At Ladoga I lodg'd at a Womans House who would not give his Breakfast to a Child she had who could hardly either stand or speak till he had first made nine Inclinations or Bows to the Saint and as often as well as he could pronounce it said his Gospodi Lord have Mercy upon me Idem Persians The Persians put their Children very young either to Work or to School to learn to Write Read and Cast Account Their Metzid or Mosquits where they say their Prayers serve also for Schools No City but hath as many Metzids as Streets every Street being obliged to maintain a Metzid with a Molla or Professor or Principal and Calife which is the Regent belonging to it Idem They have also Universities Medressa and Professors Mederis at Ispahan Sohiras Ardebil Meschid Tabris Caswin Kom Jescht Schamachie c. with Revenues from such Provinces as pay no Taxes to the King for the teaching of Mathematicks Eloquence Poetry Natural and Moral Philosophy Law and Medicine Idem Chinese The first Lectures they make to Youth are those of Compliments whereof there are whole Books Mandelslo Indians The Bannians accustom their Children betimes to fly Idleness and instead of permitting them to play in the Streets as we generally do they teach them Arithmetick which they are so perfect at that without making use of either Pen and Ink or Counters but only of their Memories they will in a moment cast up the most difficult Account that can be imagined Tavernier Part 2. l. 2. c. 3. Turks The Turks are not much given to Contemplation Learning yet are careful to breed up their Children and to be Instructed for the which there are many Schools where they read their Laws to the end they may serve in their Mosques or be able to Govern the Common-weal Knolles Persians The Persians seldom see their Infants 'till past four Years of Age from which or Twenty they learn to Ride and Shoot also to fair meanly lodge hard watch till the ground and be content with small things Sir Tho. Herbert Heathens Japan In Japan they bring up their Children with extraordinary Indulgence and Mildness never beating and very seldom chiding them considering that they are not yet come to the use of Reason and for this reason their Children at 7 8 or 9 Years of Age have more piercing Wits and are more Searching and Inquisitive and Brisk than our Youth at Seventeen or Eighteen Mandelslo's Trav. p. 157. Siam In Siam the Inheritance is divided equally to the Children except the Eldest who hath some advantage at five or six Years of Age they are put to the Ecclesiasticks to Write and Read and be Instructed in Religion the Parents in the mean time very seldom seeing them afterwards to a Trade or if Ingenious continued in their Studies to fit them for the Priestly Function or some other Employments which among them are bestowed according to Merit not Money Idem p. 104. Tunquin In Tunquin when they put forth a Child to learn Sculpture Painting Goldsmith's Work c. before they let him Work they set him upon an Altar and Sacrifice to the Idol Tiensa which is the Patroness of Handicrafts to the end she may infuse into the Lad Wit and Aptness to learn Tavern Coll. Good Children Jews KIng Josiah Timothy c. Hopeful from their Youth At Five Years old the Children go to School are Five Years learning the Pentateuch at Ten are put to learn the Mischna and some choice Parcels of the Talmud at Thirteen they receive the Passeover and are purified and now are answerable for their own Faults And at this Age by way of Question and Answer there are no Youth under Heaven can give so good account of their Religion as the Jewish Dr. Addison They are usually girt as soon as their Bodies will endure it and never go ungirt to the Synagogue ungirt unblest Idem Christians Origen when a Child was mightily inquisitive into the recondite meaning of the Scriptures even tiring his Parents with asking Religious Questions comforting his Father in Prison with Letters and hardly forbearing to offer himself to Martyrdom Dr. Cave Mr. Tho. Cartwright in his younger Years hath risen many times in the Night to seek out places to pray in Clark's Lives Mr. Arthur Hildersam of Papist-Parents was converted by Mr. Desborow his School-Master and fitted for Cambridge by thirteen Years of Age. Idem Mr. Rich. Sedgwick when a School-boy living with an Uncle when the rest of the Family were at their Games and Dancings he would be in a Corner mourning his Uncle at first imputed it to Bookishness and rebuked him for it but at last perceiving the Truth of the thing began to hate him cast him out of his Family saying A Puritan should never inherit his Land Idem Mr. Julines Hering born in Montgomery educated first in Shropshire next removed to Coventry when at School was noted for his diligence in reading the Scriptures On Play-days he with two or three more School-Fellows would pray together repeat the Heads of their Catechism with the Sermons which they heard last Lord's Day Idem Mr. Herbert Palmer esteem'd Sanctified even from the Womb at the Age of four or five Years he would cry to go to his Lady-Mother Sir Tho. Palmer being his Father that he might hear somewhat of GOD. When a Child little more than five Years old he wept in reading the Story of Joseph and took much pleasure in learning Chapters by heart He learned the French-Tongue almost so soon as he could speak He often affirmed That he never remembred the Learning of it By his Discourse he could hardly be distinguish'd from a Native French-man When at the Latine-School at vacant hours when others were at play he was constantly observed to be reading studiously by himself Dr. W. Gouge at School continually studious even at Play-hours was even then conscionable in secret Prayer and Sanctifying the Sabbath much grieved at the Sports and Pastimes used too licenciously on that day Mr. Tho. Gattaker often chid by his Father from his Book Mr. Jer. Whitaker when a School-Boy would frequently go in company 8 or 10 Miles to hear a Warming-Sermon and took Sermon-Notes
Glanvil tells us from the Confession of some Witches that at their Night-Meetings when the Cloth is laid and the Devil set down at the upper end of the Table he useth some words before Meat Jews The Jews spreading their Hands over the Bread say Blessed art thou O Lord God King of the World who bringest Bread out of the Earth then over a Cup of Wine Blessed c. who hast made the Fruit of the Vine over Water no Blessing the 23d Psalm is set before them at Meal time and they have Multitudes of new Graces if any better Dainties be set before them Purchas Forms of Excommunication Jews The Degrees or Kinds of Excommunication are 1. THE Niddui the lowest sort as some think a separation or casting out of the Synagogue for about thirty Days during which time the Party was not to come within four Cubits either of Man or Woman nor to dress or trim himself as at other times yet admitted to instruction and divine Service Might be more severely punished his Son might be denied Circumcision his Dead not buried according to the Contumacy of the Person Excommunicated The Form was this N. Let him be excommunicated 2. The Shammatha the same with Maranatha as some think Mr. Selden thinks 't is the same with Niddui This was a total Exclusion from the Church a blotting them out of the Book of Life and not permitting them the least Communion in things of publick Religion and the word Shammatha they interpret the Coming of the Lord to take Vengeance on the Excommunicate It was never pronounced but when the Offender became desperate 3. The Cherem when the Offender within 30 days gave no sign of Amendment This was so dreadful and direful in our Saviour's time that many principal Jews who believed on Christ durst not confess him for fear of it See the Form By the Decrees of Cities and Command of the Holy we Anathematize adjure exterminate excommunicate curse and execrate God being willing and his Church by the Book of the Law by the 600 Precepts therein written by the Anathema with which Joshua anathematized Jericho by the Curse wherewith Elisha cursed the Young Man by the Curse wherewith Gehezi cursed his Boy and by the Excommunication with which Baruch excommunicated Merozi and by the Excommunication which R. Jehuda Son of Jehezkiel used in this matter and by all the Anathemata Imprecations Curses Excommunications and Exterminations which have been made from the time of our Master Moses and since by the name of Acetheriel Jah the Lord of Hosts Michael the great Prince by the name of Mittatron whose name is as the name of his Master by the name of Sandalipon who ties the bands of the Lord by the name of the 42 Letters by his name who appeared to Moses in the Bush by the name with which Moses divided the Sea by the name I am what I am by the mystery of the name Tetragrammaton by the Scripture that was written upon the Tables by the name of the Lord of Armies Sabath the God of Israel sitting upon the Cherubim By the name of the Spheres and Circles and Living Creatures Saints and Ministring Angels By the name of all the Angels which wait on the most High God Every Israelite and Israelitess who willingly and knowingly violates any of those laws which are now denounced to be observed Let him be Cursed of the God of Israel who sits upon Cherubim Let him be Cursed by the Bright and Glorious name which the High Priest in the day of expiation expresseth with his mouth Let him be Cursed by Heaven and Earth Cursed from Almighty God Cursed of Michael the great Prince Cursed of Mittatron whose name is as the name of his Master Cursed of Acetheriel Jah the Lord of Hosts of the Seraphim and of the Orbs of the Holy Animals and Angels who wait before the most High God of Israel in Holiness and Purity If he was born in the month Nisan which the Angel Vriel as the Prince of the Classes under which it is governs Let him be Cursed of him and all his Order and if in the month Ijar which the Angel Tzephaniel governs let him be Cursed of him and all his order c. Let him be Cursed of the 7 Angels set over the 7 weeks and of all their order and helping power Let him be Cursed of the 4 Angels which govern the 4 Seasons of the year Cursed of the 7 Palaces Cursed of the Princes of the Law by the name of the Crown and the name of the Seal Let him be Cursed of the great God strong and Bright Let him receive Confusion for his embraces Let him fall with swift Ruin Let God the God of Spirits put him under all Flesh Let God the God of Spirits lay him prostrate to all flesh Let the wrath of the Lord and Violent whirlwind fall upon the head of the wicked Let the Destroying Angels run upon him Let him be Cursed in every thing that he puts his hand to Let his Soul depart in Terrour Let him dye of the Quinsey Let not his breath come or go Let him be smitten with a feaver Dryness the Sword Rottenness the Jaundise Neither Let him be deliver'd from them before Destruction Let his sword enter into his own heart And let his Bows be broken Let him be as the dust before the wind and the Angel of the Lord scattering them Upon him shall rest all the Maledictions written in the Book of this Law and the Lord shall blot out his name from under Heaven Also the Lord shall separate him for mischeif out of all the Tribes of Israel to all the Curses of the Covenant written in the book of this Law But you who adhere to the Lord your God are all alive this day He that blessed Abraham Isaac Jacob and Moses and Aaron David and Solomon and the Prophets of Israel and those who are Pious among the Nations let him bless all this Holy Congregation except the man that hath violated this Anathema and so let it be his will and Decree Amen Dr. Addison Prsent state of the Jews in Barbary N. B. Samaritans were Excommunicated by sound of Trumpet and Singing of the Levites Ross Christians Greek A Form of the Greek Excommunication If they restore not to him that which is his own and possess him peaceably of it but suffer him to remain injured and damnifyed Let him be separated from the Lord God Creator and be Accursed and Unpardoned and Undissolvable after Death in this World and in the World to come Let Wood stones and iron be dissolved but not They. May they inherit the Leprosy of Gehazi and the Confusion of Judas may the Earth be divided and devour them like Dathan and Abiram may they Sigh and Tremble on Earth like Cain and the wrath of God be upon their Countenances may they see nothing of that for which they labour and beg their bread all their days may their works possessions and