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our_o whole_a scope_n both_o in_o this_o and_o in_o all_o other_o occasion_n where_o like_a quality_n be_v urge_v be_v to_o prove_v superfluous_a and_o ill_o ground_v in_o nature_n and_o to_o be_v but_o mere_a term_n to_o confound_v and_o leave_v in_o the_o dark_a whosoever_o be_v force_v to_o fly_v unto_o they_o the_o therteenth_n chapter_n of_o three_o sort_n of_o violent_a motion_n reflection_n vndulation_n and_o refraction_n motion_n the_o motion_n we_o have_v last_o speak_v of_o because_o it_o be_v ordinary_o either_o in_o part_n or_o whole_o contrary_a to_o gravity_n which_o be_v account_v the_o natural_a motion_n of_o most_o body_n use_v to_o be_v call_v violent_a or_o force_v and_o thus_o you_o have_v deliver_v unto_o you_o the_o nature_n and_o cause_n both_o of_o natural_a and_o of_o force_a motion_n yet_o it_o remain_v that_o we_o advertise_v you_o of_o some_o particular_a kind_n of_o this_o force_a motion_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v different_a from_o it_o but_o indeed_o be_v not_o as_o first_o the_o motion_n of_o reflection_n which_o if_o we_o do_v but_o consider_v how_o force_a motion_n be_v make_v we_o shall_v find_v that_o it_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o force_a motion_n who_o line_n whereupon_o it_o be_v make_v be_v as_o it_o be_v snap_v in_o two_o by_o the_o encounter_n of_o a_o hard_a body_n for_o even_o as_o we_o see_v in_o a_o spout_v of_o water_n that_o be_v strong_o shoot_v against_o a_o wall_n the_o water_n follow_v drive_v the_o precedent_a part_n first_o to_o the_o wall_n and_o afterwards_o come_v themselves_o to_o the_o wall_n force_v they_o again_o a_o other_o way_n from_o the_o wall_n right_o so_o the_o latter_a part_n of_o the_o torrent_n of_o air_n which_o be_v cause_v by_o the_o force_n that_o occasion_v the_o force_a motion_n drive_v the_o former_a part_n first_o upon_o the_o resistent_fw-la body_n and_o afterwards_o again_o from_o it_o but_o this_o be_v more_o eminent_a in_o light_n then_o in_o any_o other_o body_n because_o 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a_o pendant_n when_o it_o be_v remove_v from_o its_o perpendicular_a will_v restore_v itself_o thereunto_o by_o the_o natural_a force_n of_o gravity_n and_o that_o in_o so_o do_v it_o gain_v a_o velocity_n and_o therefore_o can_v not_o cease_v on_o a_o sudden_a it_o must_v needs_o be_v carry_v out_o of_o the_o force_n of_o that_o motion_n direct_o the_o contrary_a way_n until_o the_o force_n of_o gravity_n overcome_v the_o velocity_n it_o must_v be_v bring_v back_o again_o to_o the_o perpendicular_a which_o be_v do_v likewise_o with_o velocity_n it_o must_v send_v it_o again_o towards_o the_o place_n from_o which_o it_o fall_v at_o the_o first_o and_o in_o this_o course_n of_o motion_n it_o must_v continue_v for_o a_o while_n every_o undulation_n be_v weak_a than_o other_o until_o at_o last_o it_o quite_o cease_v by_o the_o course_n of_o nature_n settle_v the_o air_n in_o its_o due_a situation_n according_a to_o the_o natural_a cause_n that_o work_v upon_o it_o and_o in_o this_o very_a manner_n also_o be_v perform_v that_o undulation_n which_o we_o see_v in_o water_n when_o it_o be_v stir_v from_o the_o natural_a situation_n of_o its_o spherical_a superficies_n galileo_n have_v note_v that_o the_o time_n in_o which_o the_o undulation_n be_v make_v which_o follow_v one_o a_o other_o of_o their_o own_o accord_n be_v the_o same_o in_o every_o one_o of_o they_o and_o that_o as_o much_o time_n precise_o be_v take_v up_o in_o a_o pendant_n go_v a_o very_a short_a arch_n towards_o the_o end_n of_o its_o vibration_n as_o be_v in_o its_o go_n of_o the_o great_a arch_n at_o the_o beginning_n of_o its_o motion_n the_o reason_n whereof_o seem_v strange_a to_o he_o and_o he_o think_v it_o to_o be_v a_o accident_n natural_a to_o the_o body_n out_o of_o its_o gravity_n and_o that_o this_o effect_n convince_v it_o be_v not_o the_o air_n which_o move_v such_o body_n whereas_o in_o truth_n it_o be_v clear_o the_o air_n which_o cause_v this_o effect_n because_o the_o air_n strive_v at_o each_o end_n where_o it_o be_v further_a from_o the_o force_n of_o the_o motion_n to_o quiett_v itself_o get_v at_o every_o bout_n somewhat_o upon_o the_o space_n and_o so_o contract_v that_o into_o a_o short_a arch_n that_o motion_n also_o which_o we_o call_v refraction_n and_o be_v manifest_a to_o sense_n only_o in_o light_n though_o peradventure_o hereafter_o more_o diligent_a searcher_n of_o nature_n may_v likewise_o find_v it_o in_o such_o other_o body_n as_o be_v call_v quality_n as_o in_o cold_a or_o heat_n etc._n etc._n be_v but_o a_o kind_n of_o reflection_n for_o there_o be_v certain_a body_n in_o which_o the_o passage_n be_v so_o well_o order_v with_o their_o resistance_n that_o all_o the_o part_n of_o they_o seem_v to_o permit_v light_a to_o pass_v through_o they_o and_o yet_o all_o part_n of_o they_o seem_v to_o reflect_v it_o when_o light_n pass_v through_o such_o body_n it_o find_v at_o the_o very_a entrance_n of_o they_o such_o resistance_n where_o it_o pass_v as_o serve_v it_o for_o a_o reflectent_a body_n and_o yet_o such_o a_o reflectent_a body_n as_o hinder_v not_o the_o passage_n through_o but_o only_o hinder_v the_o passage_n from_o be_v in_o a_o straight_a line_n with_o the_o line_n incident_a wherefore_o the_o light_n must_v needs_o take_v a_o ply_v as_o beat_v from_o those_o part_n towards_o a_o line_n draw_v from_o the_o illuminant_fw-la and_o fall_v perpendicular_o upon_o the_o resist_a superficies_n and_o therefore_o be_v term_v by_o mathematician_n to_o be_v refract_v or_o break_v towards_o the_o perpendicular_a now_o at_o the_o very_o go_v out_o again_o of_o the_o light_n the_o second_o superficies_n if_o it_o be_v parallel_n to_o the_o former_a must_v needs_o upon_o a_o contrary_a cause_n strike_v it_o the_o contrary_a way_n which_o be_v term_v from_o the_o perpendicular_a but_o before_o we_o wade_v any_o deep_a into_o this_o difficulty_n refraction_n we_o can_v not_o omit_v a_o word_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o explicate_a refraction_n which_o monsieur_n des_n cartes_n use_v so_o witty_a a_o one_o as_o i_o be_o sorry_a it_o want_v success_n he_o therefore_o follow_v the_o demonstration_n above_o give_v of_o reflection_n suppose_v the_o superficies_n which_o a_o ball_n light_v upon_o to_o be_v a_o thin_a linen_n cloth_n or_o some_o other_o such_o matter_n as_o will_v break_v clean_o by_o the_o force_n of_o the_o ball_n strike_v smart_o upon_o it_o and_o because_o that_o superficies_n resist_v only_o one_o way_n therefore_o he_o infer_v that_o the_o velocity_n of_o the_o ball_n be_v lessen_v only_o one_o way_n and_o not_o the_o other_o so_o that_o the_o velocity_n of_o its_o motion_n that_o way_n in_o which_o it_o find_v no_o resistance_n must_v be_v after_o the_o ball_n passage_n through_o the_o linen_n in_o a_o great_a proportion_n to_o the_o velocity_n which_o it_o have_v the_o other_o way_n where_o it_o find_v resistance_n than_o it_o be_v before_o and_o therefore_o the_o ball_n will_v in_o less_o time_n arrive_v to_o its_o period_n on_o the_o one_o side_n then_o on_o the_o other_o and_o consequent_o it_o will_v lean_v towards_o that_o side_n unto_o which_o the_o course_n wherein_o it_o find_v no_o opposition_n do_v carry_v it_o which_o to_o shâ—w_v how_o it_o be_v contrary_a unto_o his_o own_o principle_n let_v we_o conceive_v the_o cloth_n ce_fw-fr to_o be_v of_o some_o thickness_n and_o so_o draw_v the_o line_n open_v to_o determine_v that_o thickness_n and_o let_v we_o make_v from_o b_o upon_o all_o a_o other_o parallelogramme_n like_o the_o parallelogramme_n all_o who_o diameter_n shall_v be_v bq_n and_o it_o must_v necessaril_o follow_v that_o the_o motion_n from_o b_o to_o q_o if_o there_o be_v no_o resistance_n be_v in_o the_o same_o proportion_n as_o from_o a_o to_o b._n but_o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o motion_n from_o
intention_n in_o this_o treatise_n and_o for_o this_o intent_n we_o must_v look_v upon_o those_o action_n of_o man_n which_o be_v peculiarly_a his_o and_o upon_o those_o thing_n which_o result_n out_o of_o they_o and_o be_v call_v opera_fw-la or_o labores_fw-la hominum_fw-la as_o house_n town_n tillage_n handicraft_n arm_n ship_n commonwealthe_n army_n book_n and_o the_o like_a in_o which_o great_a man_n life_n and_o thought_n have_v beeve_v spend_v in_o all_o these_o we_o find_v one_o general_n thridde_v to_o run_v quite_o through_o they_o and_o that_o all_o of_o they_o be_v compose_v of_o the_o same_o stuff_n and_o be_v build_v upon_o the_o same_o foundation_n which_o be_v a_o long_a chain_n of_o discourse_n whereof_o every_o little_a part_n or_o link_n be_v that_o which_o scholar_n do_v call_v a_o syllogism_n and_o syllogism_n we_o know_v be_v frame_v of_o enuntiation_n and_o they_o of_o single_a or_o uncomposed_a apprehension_n all_o which_o be_v action_n wrought_v by_o the_o understanding_n of_o a_o man_n but_o beyond_o these_o we_o can_v not_o proceed_v to_o any_o further_a subdivision_n of_o part_n and_o contain_v ourselves_o within_o the_o orb_n of_o humane_a action_n for_o simple_a apprehension_n can_v not_o be_v further_o resolve_v into_o other_o part_n beyond_o the_o degree_n of_o apprehension_n and_o yet_o still_o remain_v action_n peculiar_a to_o a_o man_n so_o that_o we_o may_v be_v sure_a we_o shall_v have_v leave_v nothing_o out_o of_o enquiry_n concern_v man_n action_n as_o he_o be_v man_n if_o we_o begin_v with_o anatomise_v his_o first_o bare_a apprehension_n and_o so_o go_v on_o by_o degree_n compound_v they_o till_o we_o come_v to_o fathom_v those_o great_a and_o admirable_a machine_n of_o book_n and_o work_n which_o he_o as_o i_o may_v say_v weave_v out_o of_o his_o own_o bowel_n and_o the_o like_a of_o which_o be_v do_v by_o no_o other_o creature_n whatsoever_o upon_o the_o face_n of_o our_o contemptible_a earth_n these_o then_o which_o be_v all_o comprise_v under_o the_o name_n of_o apprehension_n of_o enuntiation_n or_o judgement_n and_o of_o discourse_n shall_v be_v the_o subject_n of_o this_o second_o treatise_n and_o in_o it_o we_o will_v first_o consider_v these_o operation_n in_o themselves_o which_o be_v do_v we_o will_v endeavour_v to_o prove_v out_o of_o the_o nature_n and_o manner_n of_o perform_v they_o that_o the_o soul_n unto_o who_o they_o belong_v be_v immaterial_a and_o immortal_a the_o second_o treatise_n declare_v the_o nature_n and_o operation_n of_o man_n soul_n the_o first_o chapter_n of_o simple_a apprehension_n that_o we_o may_v due_o understand_v thing_n what_o a_o right_a apprehension_n be_v let_v we_o consider_v the_o preeminence_n that_o a_o man_n who_o apprehend_v a_o thing_n right_o have_v over_o he_o who_o miss_v of_o do_v so_o this_o latter_a can_v but_o rove_v wild_o at_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n he_o apprend_v and_o will_v never_o be_v able_a to_o draw_v any_o operation_n into_o act_n out_o of_o the_o apprehension_n he_o have_v frame_v of_o it_o as_o for_o example_n if_o a_o man_n be_v to_o work_v upon_o gold_n and_o by_o reason_n of_o its_o resemblance_n unto_o brass_n have_v form_v a_o apprehension_n of_o brass_n instead_o of_o a_o apprehension_n of_o gold_n and_o then_o know_v that_o the_o action_n of_o fire_n will_v resolve_v brass_n into_o its_o least_o part_n and_o sever_v its_o moist_a from_o its_o dry_a one_o will_v go_v about_o to_o calcine_v gold_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o he_o will_v do_v brass_n he_o will_v soon_o find_v that_o he_o lose_v his_o labour_n and_o that_o ordinary_a fire_n be_v not_o a_o adequate_a agent_n to_o destroy_v the_o homogeneal_a nature_n and_o to_o sever_v the_o minute_n part_n of_o that_o fix_a mettle_n all_o which_o happen_v out_o of_o the_o wrong_a apprehension_n he_o have_v make_v of_o gold_n whereas_o on_o the_o other_o side_n he_o that_o apprehend_v a_o thing_n right_o if_o he_o please_v to_o discourse_v of_o what_o he_o apprehend_v find_v in_o his_o apprehension_n all_o the_o part_n and_o quality_n which_o be_v in_o the_o thing_n he_o discourse_v of_o for_o example_n if_o he_o apprehend_v right_o a_o knife_n or_o a_o beetle_n or_o a_o siwe_n or_o any_o other_o thing_n whatsoever_o in_o the_o knife_n he_o will_v find_v haft_n and_o blade_n the_o blade_n of_o iron_n thick_a on_o the_o back_n and_o thin_a on_o the_o edge_n temper_v to_o be_v hard_a and_o tough_a thus_o beat_v so_o ground_n in_o such_o manner_n soften_v thus_o quench_v and_o whatsoever_o else_o concern_v the_o be_v or_o the_o make_n of_o a_o knife_n and_o all_o this_o he_o draw_v out_o of_o his_o notion_n or_o apprehension_n of_o a_o knife_n which_o be_v that_o it_o be_v a_o instrument_n fit_v to_o cut_v such_o and_o such_o thing_n in_o such_o a_o manner_n for_o hence_o he_o find_v that_o it_o have_v a_o haft_n fit_a to_o hold_v it_o by_o in_o one_o hand_n to_o the_o end_n it_o may_v not_o hurt_v the_o hand_n while_o it_o press_v upon_o the_o knife_n and_o that_o the_o blade_n be_v apt_a to_o flide_v in_o betwixt_o the_o part_n of_o the_o thing_n which_o be_v to_o be_v cut_n by_o the_o motion_n of_o be_v press_v or_o draw_v by_o the_o hand_n and_o so_o he_o proceed_v on_o descend_v to_o the_o quality_n of_o both_o part_n and_o how_o they_o be_v to_o be_v join_v and_o hold_v fast_o together_o in_o the_o like_a manner_n he_o discourse_v of_o a_o beetle_n of_o a_o siwe_n or_o of_o whatsoever_o else_o come_v in_o his_o way_n and_o he_o do_v this_o not_o only_o in_o such_o manufacturer_n as_o be_v of_o man_n invention_n but_o if_o he_o be_v capable_a he_o do_v the_o like_a in_o beast_n in_o bird_n in_o tree_n in_o herb_n in_o fish_n in_o fossile_n and_o in_o what_o creature_n soever_o he_o meet_v withal_o within_o the_o whole_a extent_n of_o nature_n he_o find_v what_o they_o be_v make_v for_o and_o have_v discover_v nature_n aim_v in_o their_o production_n he_o can_v instruct_v other_o what_o part_n and_o manner_n of_o generation_n they_o have_v or_o aught_o to_o have_v and_o if_o he_o that_o in_o this_o manner_n apprehend_v any_o thing_n right_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o work_v upon_o it_o either_o to_o make_v it_o or_o to_o use_v and_o order_v it_o to_o some_o end_n of_o his_o own_o he_o be_v able_a by_o his_o right_a apprehension_n to_o compare_v it_o unto_o other_o thing_n to_o prepare_v what_o be_v any_o way_n fit_v for_o the_o make_n of_o it_o to_o apply_v it_o unto_o what_o it_o will_v work_v its_o effect_n upon_o and_o to_o conserve_v it_o from_o what_o may_v wrong_v or_o destroy_v it_o so_o if_o he_o have_v frame_v a_o right_a apprehension_n of_o a_o siwe_n he_o will_v not_o employ_v it_o in_o draw_v water_n if_o of_o a_o beetle_n he_o will_v not_o go_v about_o to_o cut_v with_o it_o neither_o will_v he_o offer_v if_o he_o have_v a_o due_a apprehension_n of_o a_o knife_n to_o cut_v stone_n or_o steel_n with_o it_o but_o wood_n or_o what_o be_v soft_a he_o know_v what_o will_n whette_v and_o maintain_v the_o edge_n of_o it_o and_o understandeth_v what_o will_v blunt_v or_o break_v it_o in_o fine_a he_o use_v it_o in_o such_o sort_n as_o the_o knife_n itself_o have_v it_o knowledge_n and_o will_n will_v wish_v to_o be_v use_v and_o move_v it_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n as_o if_o it_o have_v power_n of_o motion_n it_o will_v move_v itself_o he_o go_v about_o the_o make_n it_o even_o as_o nature_n will_v do_v be_v it_o one_o of_o her_o plant_n and_o in_o a_o word_n the_o knife_n in_o this_o apprehension_n make_v in_o the_o man_n have_v those_o cause_n propriety_n and_o effect_n which_o be_v natural_a unto_o it_o and_o which_o nature_n will_v give_v it_o if_o it_o be_v make_v by_o she_o and_o which_o be_v propotionable_a to_o those_o part_n cause_n propriety_n and_o effect_n that_o nature_n bestow_v on_o her_o child_n and_o creature_n according_a to_o their_o several_a essence_n it_o what_o then_o can_v we_o imagine_v but_o that_o the_o very_a nature_n of_o a_o 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