Selected quad for the lemma: book_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
book_n	great_a	see_v	work_n	2,826	5	5.0057	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A09766	The secrets and wonders of the world A booke right rare and straunge, containing many excellent properties, giuen to man, beastes, foules, fishes and serpents, trees, plants &c. Abstracted out of that excellent naturall historiographer Plinie. Translated out of French into English.; Naturalis historia. English. Abridgments	Pliny, the Elder.; Alday, John, attributed name.; I. A.	1585 (1585)	STC 20032; ESTC S110483	38,595	64

glasse stone or bone for the braunche dieth to be cut with Iron and it is cutte to take away the superfluities then in the season the barke is onely cutte and then commeth out the sweate by small droppes This experience is true that if any of it be spilt vpon any apparell it will neuer staine There is daunger in Wormes for they will marre the trée Alexander the great in a Sommers day filled a little Viall of one trée Ginger groweth in the earth and is rootes The thirteenth Booke treateth of straunge trees THe swéete oyntments perfumes and smellings are made of these trées Some for the pleasure of others buye them deare for they that carry them haue not the smell pleasure but it is for the smell of others which is great vanitie Palmes are in diuers kindes and there are none fruitfull but toward the East for they make wines and as in trées and leaues there are Male and Female so there is also in these The Male buddeth within the roote and the Female outwarde They beare euery yéere Apples and when the trée is cut the roote casteth againe The Cedar groweth in Siria of which commeth the soueraigne roote That that flourisheth beareth no fruite that that fructifieth beareth no floore and the wood lasteth perpetually The Figge trées in Egypt are like to Mulbery trées the fruite commeth foure times a yéere against the woode and not against the braunches There are many vnknowen trées specially those that haue the good Gum. There are made Cordes or Ropes of this trée At Rome haue béene founde bookes of Philosophie in a Sepulchre betwéene two stones couered with Cedar wood that had laine there fiue hundreth thirtie fiue yéeres without harme for the Cedar neuer rotteth and there is no wood so good to make workes There are Cedar trées so hie that ye can not sée the toppes and so great that there was presented to Tiberius Caesar a table that was foure foote large sixty foote long Lotten or Celtis is a trée in Affrica the fruite of which is so swéete that it healeth all paines in the belly and out of that fruite being brused or prest commeth wine that will not continue aboue ten dayes Pomegranets there are of diuers kindes swéete sower and winish The pell of the sower ones are good and best to tanne skinnes and the floures are good for Dyars The Thorn that is called Royal groweth in one day and kepeth wyne from being naught Citisus is a singular trée the wood is good to all beastes as well Shéepe as others If ●●e sodden in water it rendreth to Nources that drinke it plenty of milke and maketh the children more sure and more greater and maketh Hennes to lay egges Vpon the floure of this trée a flye will neuer sitte Many other straunge trées there are in the Sea that will breake like glasse others that are as hard as stones and many other trées that are in the Ilandes of the Sea which we haue not here and which vnto vs are also vnknowen The foureteenth Booke treateth of Trees and fruitfull Plantes IN times past men were wonte to haue many pleasant trées of the which nowe there is no mention for euery one studieth couetousnesse The Wine groweth of wilde plantes and among all other plantes it is the principallest fruite and there are many kindes and euery yéere it must be cut or else otherwise it would compasse a whole Towne Wine is the blood of the Earth it being taken within a mans body is hote and without it is colde it is bothe comfortable and profitable to a man if it be taken measurably otherwise it is very hurtfull Alexander the great did vanquishe the whole worlde and yet could not so well kéepe him selfe but was ouercome with the force of Wine Wines is not permitted to the wiues of Rome We reade that King Romulus did pardon and forgiue a Senatour of Rome called Ignatius Mecenius which had killed his wife with a Clubbe for that she was founde drinking wine out of a tunne And therefore Cato did ordaine that women and maydens should be kissed of their parents and kinsfolke to the ende they should knowe whether they did smell of Wine or no. Marcus Varo writeth of a Consull which neuer made banquet nor had at his table more at one time then at an other for feare of to much drinking In times past at Rome the price was set on wine to the ende that little should be drunke but since Caesar made great banquettes which gaue occasion to make prouision at Rome for all kinde of wines Wine alone serueth to make medicines There is wine made of Peares Apples and of other trées which they vse toward the East Some make Wine of hearbes of water and hony sodden which in Wales is called Metheglyn that will laste fiue yéeres or with Hony and Vineger which is called Oximell The small wines ought to touch the ground for to bee the better kept but not the good The flower of white wine is good and that of red is naught By drunkennesse men reueale their secrets and make debates The fifteenth Booke treateth of Trees bearing fruite THe Oliue trée groweth not neare the Sea nor in places to hote nor to colde they must bée cut like Vines The Oliue oyle is of a better sauour when the Oliues beginne to ripe but there is not so much when they beginne to be black but that is the time to take them and of their ripenesse There is more paine to make Oyle then wine The Oliue hath stone oyle and flesh the gréene are bitter by drying they become lesse though that the heate is cause of oyle The liquor of the Oliue is the oyle but it lasteth not as doth wine for it is best the first yéere Some there are that tary til the Oliues fall from trées for it hurteth the trées againe the yéere following to bée cut broken or smitten Oliues before they are rype will be kept with salte after that they haue bene in hote water If the Oliue be not cleane it is washed and dried thrée or foure dayes and seasoned with salt There is Oyle made of many things of Nuttes of Acornes of small graines of swéete smelling trées of Gumme that serueth for medecines of Almonds Chesnuttes and diuers other things according to the Countreies Apples and Peares ought to be kept in a drie and colde place and for them the North winde is good and no other wyndes when the weather is faire they should be put on hay seperated one from another for to take the ayre and they ought to be gathered before the full Moone Nuttes make a sound or ratling in falling when they are rype and among other fruites they are parted in foure within with a little skinne betwéene both They will kéepe gréene being put in earthen pottes in the earth and with them is made good Oyles Chestnuttes are a kinde of maste and it is meruaile that nature hath so

females shoulde bée filled after their foale is borne the Males fatigated of labour doeth sooner replenish the Females Some of them are not like to their Syres and the Mule of her nature is barren sauing that in Capadocia they beare by force of drinking wine often times the Mules ceasse from casting or striking The Athenians knowing for a trueth a Mule to haue done seruice fourescore yéers did ordaine that in the fields none should desturbe him neither in the corne nor otherwise The Oren liue twentie yéeres and the Kine commonly fiftene yéeres at fiue yéers they haue takē their strength it is said that to wash them with warme water they will fatten the strength of the Bull is at thrée yéeres for to make them drawe it is good to yoke them with a drawing Ore for he will teach the other In times past among the Romaines it was estéemed as great offence to kill an Ore or to steale one because of their ploughes as it was to kill a man The Bull requiring combat sheweth magnanimitie of courage and gentilitie he turneth the head lifteth vp the cares remaineth on his foreféete and maketh the dust to die with his hinder féete At Rome hath bene séene an Ore speake The Ore of Egypt hath a kyrnell called Apis vnder his tongue and a white spotte on the right side which groweth as the hornes of the Moone The nature of shéepe is that they liue not aboue nine or tenne yéeres the Males couple with the Females in the middest of May till the middest of August the Females beare a hundreth and fiftie dayes The Ram if the right genitorie be bounde maketh all Females and if the left be bound in the season maketh all Males If ye looke vnder the Tuppe or Rammes tongue he doeth ingender Lambes of the colour that the vaynes are if they be of diuers colours he ingendreth Lambes of diuers sortes Also the mutation of waters doeth varefie the colour of Lambes also the windes It is esteemed not good to cut or gelde Lambes before fiue monethes and commonly the Females bring forth not aboue foure Lambes Goates conceiue commonly two kiddes and sometime foure they beare fiue monethes as doe shéepe they become barren with fatnesse they ingender not before the fourth yéere they conceiue in Nouember for to bée deliuered in March when the trées beginne to budde the Goate feareth cold euery one of these beasts haue not hornes but the milke of those that haue no hornes is fatter then those that haue and those that haue hornes their age is knowen by the knots in their horns they aspire through the eares and not by their nose and they are neuer without Feuers or Agues because of the heate of their bodies which maketh them much subiect to lechery they sée as well by night as by day they haue all deardes on their chinne if one of them be taken or driuen all the rest will marueile thereat if they croppe or bite a yong trée it dieth and if they lick an Oliue trée it will drie away Among the swine the Sowe doth farrowe two times a yéere and sometime they haue twentie Pigges but they cannot nourish so many the tenth day the Pigges haue téeth in once knowing the Bore they are filled but they double it for feare not to haue retained Some thinke that if they léese an eye that they wil soone die otherwise they liue til fiftéene or twenty yéeres the most fattest haue least milke they willingly wallowe in the durt and myre and couch most on the left side they fatten in six dayes they know their maisters house and defend one an other for if that one cry all the rest will runne thither Among the wilde Bores the male hath great payne to acquaint him with the Female and she hath great dolour to make her yong ones they are borne with téeth and are blacke In Arabia they can not liue neither wilde nor yet tame Apes doe approch much to the sense of man and their kinde is to haue no tayles these kinde of beastes are much affectioned to their yong ones they kepe them or holde thē alwayes betwéene their armes or legges before their breastes whereby many times they kill them they haue beard on their chinne And some in Ethiopia haue tailes that can liue no where els Of Hares there are diuers kindes in the hie Mountaines there are white ones in Winter they liue with snowe It is said that a Hare is as olde as there are purgings or voydings in her belly they haue both kindes and ingender one with another and the Hare alone is meate vnto men beastes and foules and therefore hée is euer in feare and goeth more by night then by day Conies are of another kinde the Males haue great desire to eate the yong ones when they are borne but the Female hideth them and they make great multiplication Many sortes of beastes there are on the earth that doe mingle one kinde with another Among the beasts Origes haue the haire long alwayes tending towards the head and of other beastes the haire tendeth towardes the tayle Mice are ingendred on the earth We reade that when Hanibal had besieged a Towne a Mouse was sold for two hundreth Crownes the seller died for famine the buyer did escape the hunger The old Mice are nourished of the yong ones by great clemencie In Affrica there is neither Déere wilde Bores Goates nor Beares In other places neither Wolues nor Foxes In some places there are no Hares in other places no Conies And in other places there is great diuersitie of beastes that are not in other places The Scorpions or Serpents doe sooner hurt strangers then the Countrey inhabitantes The ninth Booke treateth of Water beastes and of Fishes IN the Sea there are many great beastes aswell as on earth for the moisture thereof and because it is more larger and bigger Also there is many monsters and diuersitie in many fishes for they couple in many kindes and there is the similitude of all kinde of beastes on the earth and rather more Whales are the most greatest and grossest beastes in the Sea there are of two hundreth yardes long In many places there are rib bones of Whales of twenty yardes Alexāder the great was afrayed to méete them least his Nauy should haue perished In the Sea there are Eeles thrée hundreth foote long In the night there commeth many fishes out of the Sea that wil eate the corne in the fields after returne againe There is in the Sea Mermaides that haue bene séene and some that haue the shape of men and their voyce like vnto mens voice hauing the body of mans shape and the lower parts scaled like fishes with a taile And there are Wolues Horses Asses Hogges other sea beastes as on the earth If the fishes aspire and respire as other beastes there are diuers opinions Plinie doeth beléeue that the most part sléepeth respireth except those that haue no liuer

and in stéede of blood haue humor The Dolphin is the most swiftest fish in the Sea and most hardest to be taken euery one foloweth his like they haue yong in ten monethes in Sommer and nourish them as doe the Whales the olde ones carry the yong ones and there is alwayes a great Dolphin that followeth the little one they haue the tongue mouing like a Hog Aboue the nature of other fishes they loue yong childrē and the sounde of Instruments they liue three hundreth yéeres and they haue their greatnesse at tenne yéeres they reioyce when one calleth them Symon and they loue humaine voyce Many examples are both séene and reade of little children that they haue caried by Sea on their backes and brought backe againe without doing them any harme Shell fishes are so great in some places that with their shelles they couer their houses The beastes of the Sea haue diuers clothings some are couered with leather and with haire as the Sea calfe some onely with leather as the Dolphins others with great thicke and harde shelles other softer shelles as Oysters Cockles and Muscles that haue no heads others with sharpe prickles as the Ecchinus called the Sea Porcupen others with scales as Carpes and many other fish others with rough skinnes with the which they shaue fine wood and Iuory some with soft skinnes and others that haue none The Sea calfe which is clothed with skinne and haire they ioyne Male and Female together as Dogges and they neuer haue but two at a burthen they nourish their yong ones with their pappes or tettes and are deliuered on the lande and within twelue dayes after they bring thē to the Sea The Sea calfe is more grieued and more constrained to sléepe then any other beast and therfore their skinne put on a mans head doeth prouoke him to sléepe Great is the diuersitie of beastes in some there is neither bone nor thorne and of many kindes there is no male Among the fishes the Females are greater then the Males there are some that haue their scales tending towards their heads cleane cōtrarie to the nature of others Some there are that goe alwayes to sléepe vpon the drie lande The Whale maketh her yong ones aliue without egs Eeles liue commōly eight yéere they will liue six daies without water specially when the winde is at West and lesse with other windes In Winter they couet déepe and cleare waters and swimme in the bottome they féede in the night and they of all other fishes slote not aboue water when that they are dead In the Lake of Verone they are taken by thousandes Some kinde of fishes rendreth their yong ones aliue others that flye by the Sea as the Sea swallowe Some make egges and couer or sit on them as doe the foules in the ayre so doeth the Sea kite a foule called Lucerna of the propertie of his name séeketh the maine Seas whose tongue shineth or glistereth as may well be séene in a faire and calme night The Dragon of the Sea as soone as she is taken and brought to land she maketh incōtinently an entery or hole in the sande that shée might be lost Some fishes haue no blood and haue their heads in their bellies betwéene their féete with their feete they cast meate into their mouths The Sea Locusts hide them selues for the space of fiue monethes and swimme in the spring time they battaile betwéene themselues with their hornes If they be put aliue into hote water for to séeth they will be tender The Sea Creuices liue in Rockes and stony places there are very great ones In Sommer and in the Spring they fatten and in the full Moone and they augment diminish with the Moone they are of a long life they haue all eight féete The Females haue the first foote folded or double and the Males single and they créepe as much backward as forward Cockles haue two little hornes wherewith they féele the way for they haue no eyes The fishes ioyne Male and Female ioyning their bellies then the female rūneth or swimmeth away touching with her mussell the belly of the Male and the Males eate the Females Egges for if all the Egges should profite the Sea Riuers and Pondes would be filled with fish there would be such an innumerable multitude The Sea Mouse maketh her Egges on the lande and couereth them with earth and thirtie dayes after doeth vncouer them and bringeth her yong ones into the Sea Some fish liue thrée score yéere as by the experience of markes put on them Some fishes there are that liue on the lande when that in Sommer the Riuers and poudes are dried vp and some will goe feede in the corne and on the lande tarying for the water and such is the nature of some to liue on the earth with wormes There are certaine fishes with sharpe prickles on their backes that will cut the line of fishers Nettes Other fishes that are called Sea starres doe burne other fishes by their great heate In the Sea there is warre among the fishes as among the foule in the aire for one féedeth not with another The tenth Booke treateth of the Foules of the Ayre IN Affrica and Ethiopia there are birdes that are called Struthiocameli as hie as a man on horsebacke which doe not forsake the earth but runne faster then horses The Phenix liueth in Arabia I say not that hée is alone but neuer man sawe him eate he liueth sixe hundreth yéeres and in his age maketh a Nest of the braunches of spice trées wherein he dieth and of his bones commeth a worme the which afterwarde natarally becommeth a Phenix He is as great as an Eagle the feathers about his necke are of the colour of golde the taile yellowe and the surplus like to Azure Eagles there are of sixe kindes some liue with their pray on the earth other in the water that fishe with one foote they haue the knowledge to take Whelkes and other shelled fish vp into the ayre then let them fall to breake their shelles for to haue the fish they cause their yong ones to looke vp into the Sunne beames and cast those out of the Neast that will not beholde the Sunne as bastards they die in their age because that their vpper bill doth growe so long that they can not eate they fight against Déere and against the Dragons and in flying they cast dust that they take vp on the lande in the eyes of Crowes other beastes for to blinde them The Cuckoe resembleth to the colour of the wood Doue they are killed of others of their kinde they change their voyce and come in the spring time and doe alwayes bring vp their yong ones in other birdes nestes specially in the nestes of stock Doues she neuer lightly maketh aboue one egge and very seldome two because she knoweth that shée is hated of all other birdes They thinke them selues very fayre and dispraise others and there is no