of them all with all their children were put to death that there should not be so much as a shadow to be seen of so great a villany After this Artaxerxes having contracted a disease by the excess of grief deceased himself a happier King then a Father The Inheritance of the Kingdom by order of succession was devolved on Occhus who fearing the like conspiracy did fill the Court with the slaughter of his kinsmen and the ruins of the Princes being touched with no compassion in the respect either of blood or sex or age belike that he might not be more innocent then the Parricides his brothers And having as it were thus purified his Kingdom he made war upon the Armenians in which one of the Enemies having sent a challenge to try his force in Arms with any in a single fight Codoman with the good opinion of all advanced to encounter him who the Enemy being slain did restore both victory to the Persians and almost their lost glory For this atchievement so gallantly performed he was made Governor of the Armenians and in the process of time after the death of Occhus in the memory of his ancient valor he was chosen King by the people and being honoured with the name of Darius that nothing might be wanting to the regal Majesty he a long time mannaged the war with great courage but uncertain fortune against Alexander the Great at the last being overcome by him and slain by his own kinsmen he ended his life with the Empire of the Persians THE ELEVENTH BOOK OF IVSTINE AS there were divers Nations in the Army of Philip so he being slain there were divers agitations of minds in his Army Some being oppressed with the injury of servitude did advance themselves to some hope of liberty others not pleased with the tediousness of so remote a war did rejoyce that the expedition would be remitted Some there were who lamented that the torch lighted for the marriage of the daughter should be now imployed to be put under the pile of the Father And no small fear it was that possessed his friends at so sudden a Change of the affairs revolving in their minds how much Asia was provoked before Europe was subdued and how unfaithful and uncertain were the Illyrians the Thracians and Dardaneans and others of the barbarous Nations that were adjacent to them which people if they should all revolt together it was impossible to redress it In these destractions the coming of Alexander was as a Soveraign remedy who in a set speech did for the present so perswade and comfort the Souldiers that he took off all fear from the timerous and did raise the opinion of all into a great hope of him He was then but twenty yeers of age in which he so moderately promised so much that it might appear to all that he reserved more for the proof He gave to the Macedonians the immunity of all things unless a discharge from the wat 's by which he so much attracted their love that they said they had changed onely the body but not the vertue nor the valor of the King The first care he had was for his Fathers obsequies at which he gave a charge above all things that all who were guilty of his Fathers death should be slain before the Tombe of his Father he onely reprieved Alexander the brother of the Lyncestae preserving in him the inaguration into his dignity for he was the first that did salute him King He also took care that his brother Caraunus born of his Step-mother who aspired to the Kingdom should be put to death In the first beginning of his Reign he awed many Nations that were about to rebel appeased divers seditions in the East and joyful at the success of his proceedings he marched privately into Greece where having called all the Cities to Corinth after the example of his Father he was made General in his place After this he did go on with the preparations for the Persian war which was begun by his Father and being altogether imployed to make provision for it he was enformed that the Athenians Thebans and Lacedemonians had revolted from him to the Persians and that the Author of that treachery was Demosthenes the Orator who was corrupted by the Persians with a great sum of gold He alledged that all the Forces of the Macedonians were overthrown by the Triballians with their King and in his speech composed for that purpose he produced his Author before the people who affirmed that he was wounded in the same battel wherein the King was slain By which report the resolutions of almost all the Citizens being startled they resolved to shake off the Garrisons of the Macedons to meet with and to prevent these difficulties he marched into Greece with so much speed and with so gallant and so prepared an Army that whom they knew not of to come they could hardly believe they saw In his way he exhorted the Thessalians and did put them in minde of the benefits of Philip his Father to them and of the neer relations of his Mother descended from the generation of the Aeacidans His exhortation was agreeable to the Thessalians they created him General of Greece after the example of his Father and delivered to him all their tributes and revenews But the Athenians as they were the first in the revolt so they began to be the first in repentance and turning the contempt of their Enemy into their admiration of him they extoll'd the youth of Alexander despised before above the vertue of the ancient Captains Ambassadors therefore being sent they besought a forbearance of the war Alexander having heard them and severely reprehended them did remit the war After this he advanced against the Thebans and would have exercised the same indulgence towards them if he had found the same repentance but the Thebans were resolved to make use of their Arms and not of entreaties or deprecations Being overcome they endured the heaviest punishments of the most miserable captivity When a Councel was called to debate on the utter destruction of the City the Phocensianâ— and Plataeans the Thespians and Orchomaenians the Associates of the Macedonians and the partakers with Alexander in this victory did demonstrate to him the ruines of their own Cities and the cruelty of the Thebans charging them with their inclinations towards the Persians against the liberty of Greece not onely for the present but for the continuance of many Ages for which cause the hatred of all people was upon them to be manifested by this that they have all bound themselves by an oath the Persians being overcome to pull down Thebes To this they added the fables of their former abhominations with which they have filled all Scenes insomuch that they are to be abhorred not onely for their present treachery but for their ancient infamy Eleadas one of the Captives having obtained liberty to speak did alledge that they did not revolt from the King
of the Sows did nourish him with their milk whereupon at the last he commanded that he should be cast into the Ocean Then by the present power of Providence as if he was carryed rather in a Ship then on the waves by a gentle tide he was brought to the land safe betwixt the raging sands and the reciprocating Billowes And not long after there did appear a Hinde who did offer her strutting dugs unto the little one who by his daily conversation with his nurse became of a wonderful swiftness of body and a long time wandred on the Mountains and the Valleys amongst the herds of the Dear being no ways inferior in his swiftness to them At the last he was taken in a snare and given as a great present to the King and being discovered to be his Nephew by the similitude of his lineaments and by the marks of his body which presently after his birth were burned on it in the admiration of the deliverances from so many chances and dangers he was ordained by the King to be his Successor in the Kingdom his name was called Habis and no sooner was he invested in the Kingdom but he shewed such proofs of nobility and greatness that it appeared he was not in vain delivered from so many dangers by the Majesty of God for by Laws he did unite the barbarous people and taught them how to yoak the Oxen and to plough and sow the ground and enforced them to feed on better nourishment then what the trees or Plants provided belike in the hate of those things which he himself had endured The education of this Prince would seem fabulous but that it is recorded that the Builders of Rome were nourished by a Woolf and that a Bitch did give suck unto Cyrus King of Persia The people were by him forbidden to exercise any servile labour and they were distributed by him into seven Cities Habis being dead the Kingdom for many Generations continued amongst his Successors But in another part of Spain which consisteth most of Ilands the Kingdom was in the power of Geryon In this place there is such abundance of grass and withall so pleasant that if by the providence of the herdsmen the Cattel were not enforced to discontinue feeding their bodies would break by the excess From hence the Droves of Geryon in those times accounted the onely wealth of the world were of that fame amongst the Nations that by the greatness of the booty they allured Hercules out of Asia It is recorded in Story that Geryon was not a Gyant of three bodies as the Fables do make mention but that there were three brothers of so fast a concord that all three seemed to be governed by one minde and that Hercules did not of his own accord make War upon them but having observed that his own droves of Cattle were forced from him he regained of them what he had lost by the sword After the Succession of many Kings in Spain the Carthaginians first of all possessed themselves of it for when the Inhabitants of the Gades being obedient to the vision had translated into Spain the holy things of Hercules from Tyre from which place the Carthaginians also do derive their Original and had builded them there a City the neighbouring people of Spain envying the growing happiness of the new City and upon that account provoking them to War the Carthaginians being of the same kindred did send relief unto them and by a happy Expedition they both vindicated the Gaditans from injury and added the greatest part of Spain to the Empire of their command And afterwards being incited by the fortune of their first Expedition they sent Amilcar their General with a great Army to make themselves masters of all the Province who having performed great atchievements whiles he followed his fortune too inconsiderately he was betrayed in an Ambush and slain Asdrubal his Son-in-law was sent to supply his plae who was slain himself by the servant of a Spaniard in the revenge of the unjust death of his Master Annibal the Son of Amilcar did succeed him and was a greater General then them both for having excelled them in his atchievements he subdued all Spain and having afterwards made war on the Romans he afflicted Italy with several losses and overthrows for the space of 16 years The Romans in the mean time having sent the Scipioes into Spain did first of all drive the Carthaginians out of that Province afterwards they had great Wars with the Spaniards themselves neither could they be conquered to an absolute obedience untill Augustus Caesar having subdued all the world did carry thither his conquering swords and having by Laws brought the barbarous and rude people into a more civil course of life he reduced all Spain into the form of a Province The End of the Books of JVSTINE the HISTORIAN Collections taken from the Books of Sextus Aurelius Victor on the lives and manners of the Roman Emperors from the time of Caesar Augustus to the Emperor Theodosius Octavianus Augustus Caesar IN the seven hundred and two and twentyeth year after the City of Rome was built but in the four hundred and eightieth year after the expulsion of the Kings the custome was renewed at Rome to obey onely one person not entituled a King but an Emperor or by a more reverend Name Augustus Octavianus was the Son of Octavius a Senator by the Mothers side he derived his discent from Aeneas by the Julian Family and by the adoption of Caius Caesar his great Uncle he was called Caius Caesar and by reason of his victories sirnamed Augustus Being established in the Empire he exercised the Tribunitian power of himself He reduced the Country of Egypt being before unpassable by reason of the Marshes and the inundation of Nilus into the form of a Province which that he might make serviceable to the City by the transportation of Corn he caused with the great labour of his Souldiers all the deep ditches to be opened which the negligence of Antiquity had covered with mud In his time four hundred Millions of measures of Corn were brought yearly out of Egypt unto Rome To the number of the Provinces of the people of Rome he added the Cantabrians and Aquanians the Rhoetians Vindelicans Vandals and Dalmatians he overthrew the Swedes and the Cattans and translated the Sycambrians into France and enforced the Pannonians to be tributary to Rome and compelled the people of the Gothes and Bastarnians to a peace having first provoked them to feel his power by War The Persians presented their Hostages unto him and granted him the permission to chuse them a King The Indians moreover and the Scythians the Garamants and Ethiopians did send their Ambassadors with Presents to him He so much abhorred all Wars troubles or division that he would never denounce War upon any Nation unless for great and just causes alledging that it shewed a vain-glorious and most unconstant minde either in the immoderate desire
of triumph and for a few unfruitful leaves in a Laurel Garland rashly to throw the safety of the Citizens into the danger of doubtful war He affirmed that nothing was more incongruous to a good Emperor then precipitation and that every thing is done soon enough that is well done and that Arms are never to be undertaken unless for some necessary cause lest the Victory being obtained by a great loss and accompanied but with small advantage it may resemble those who do fish with a golden hook the which being lost or broken off the loss cannot be recompensed with any gain of fish that can be taken In his time the Roman Army that was beyond the Rhine was destroyed and the Tribunes and the Propraetor slain which he so deeply resented that in the height of lamentation he would beat his head against the wall and did put on mourning apparel and was known by all the Liveries of sorrow and deformity he much reproved the practise of his Uncle who too much flattering the common Souldiers and calling them his companions whiles he sought to become dearer to them he lessned the Authority of a Prince he deported himself with great clemency towards the Citizens he was most faithful to his friends the chiefest whereof was Mecaenas whom he loved for his secrecy as he did Agrippa for his modesty and patience in enduring of labour he also loved Virgil he was very careful whom he entertained into his friendship but having once acknowledged them he was most constant to preserve them he applyed himself much to the study of the liberal Arts but most of all to Eloquence so that no day did pass in which he did not write read and declaim he made some new Laws and others he corrected and inserted his own name to them he encreased and adorned Rome with many Structures glorying with these words I found the City made with Brick but I leave it made of Marble he was milde grateful of a civil and a pleasant nature beautiful over all his body but most in the lustre of his eyes which did dart forth their beams after the manner of the brightest Stars and therefore he gladly did give way that those who looked sâ—edâ—asâ—ly upon him should draw off their eyes as being dazzled with the glory of his own A certain Souldier having turned himself from beholding his face and being demanded wherefore he did so He made Answer because I cannot endure the lightning flying from your eyes Howsoever so great a man was not without his faults for he was angry but not immoderately privately envious and openly ambitious and beyond all measure desirous of Soveraignty a great player at dice and although much given to wine and high food he did sleep but little he was inclined to lust even to the reproach of common Fame for he was accustomed to lie betwixt twelve prostitute Boyes and as many maids being divorced from his wife Scribonia he fell in love with Livia the wife of another man and marryed her her husband giving way unto it she had at that time two Sons Tiberius and Drusus Augustus although he was a slave unto his lust yet he was a great punisher of it in others after the manner of men who are severe in chastising those crimes which they themselves with greediness commit For he condemned Ovid to banishment because he composed three Books of the Art of Love he was much taken with all manner of spectacles especially with the strange shapes and the numbers of wilde beasts having lived seventy and seven years he dyed of a sickness at Nola although some do write that he was poysoned by the treachery of Livia who because in a Step-mothers hatred she had caused Agrippa to be condemned into an Iland and found he was to be recalled did fear that when he was constituted Emperour he would call her to strict account for it what she had made him to endure but howsoever it was whether he fell by the treachery of Livia or dyed a natural death the Senate decreed to prosecute him being dead with many and new honours For having before given him the litle of the Father of his Country they now consecrated semples unto him not only in Rome but in all the most famous Cities of the Empire all men commonly saying I would he had never been born or had never dyed The Government of the whole World in the hands of one man being of a dangerous beginning was of an excellent ending For in obtaining the Empire he was accounted an Oppressor of the liberty and yet in the management thereof he so loved the Citizens that but three dayes provision of Corn being found in the Granaries of Rome he had resolved to die himself by poyson it in the mean time the Fleet laden with Corn had not returned from the Provinces which being arrived the safety of his Country was imputed to his Felicity he raigned six and fifty years twelve with Mark Anthony and four and forty alone certainly he could never have contracted to himself the whole power of the Commonwealth nor so long have enjoyed it had he not abounded with most excellent gifts both of Art and Nature Claudius Tiberius CLaudius Tiberius the Son of Livia and Step-son to Augustus Caesar did raign four and twenty years He was called Claudius Tiberius Nero and by the wits of Rome by reason of his great love to Wine Caldiu Biberius Mero He was expert enough in all the Arts of War and fortunate withall under Augustus before he was made Emperor so that the Government of the Commonwealth did not seem unworthily to be committed to him He had the knowledge of good Letters and was more excellent in his elocution then candid in his apprehension for he was of a cruel covetous and treacherous disposition pretending to do those things to which he had not the least inclination he seemed to be offended with those whose counsel he did follow and to bear good will to those whom he most hated he was better in sudden Answers then those that were deliberated he fainedly refused the Government of the Empire which was offered him by the Senate and found out thereby what every man did say or think of him which was the occasion of the death of many excellent men who conceiving that according to the sence of his long Speeches he did decline the burden of the Empire whiles they delivered their opinions therein and as they thought according to his own desires they incurred the greatest danger and met with a certain ruine He reduced the Cappadocians into the form of a Province and deposed their King Archelaus he suppressed the great Robberies of the Getulians and finely cajoled Marabodunus King of the Switzers having with incredible fury lived in the height of cruelty and injustice punishing both the guiltless and the guilty and as well his friends as strangers all discipline of War being neglected Armenia was spoyled by the Parthians Moesia by the Dacians
designed Much about that time Darius the King of the Persians dyed leaving behind him two sons Artaxerxes and Cyrus His Kingdom he bequeathed to Artaxerxes and to Cyrus the Cities of which he was before Lieutenant This Legacy of the Father did seem to Cyrus to be unequal he therefore privily prepared war against his brother which when it was told to Artaxerxes he sent for his brother who pretending innocency did come unto him and was by him bound with chains of gold and had been put to death if his mother had not commanded him to the contrary Cyrus being dismissed did now begin to make war against his brother not covertly but openly not dissemblâ—ngly but professedly and from all places did draw Auxiliaries to him The Lacedemonians being mindful of the assistance he sent them in their war against the Athenians did decree to send help upon him but in such a way as if they did not take notice against whom the war was made that if the occasion so required they might procure unto themselves the favour of Cyrus and if Artaxerxes had overcome they might hope for his Patronage and his pardon because they determined nothing openly against him But in the encounter the chance of the fight having brought both brothers directly opposite one against another Artaxerxes was first wounded by his brother but was delivered from further danger by the swiftness of his horse Cyrus being overpowred by the King's Life guard was slain out-right Artaxerxes being Conqueror enjoyed the Army and the spoils of his brothers war In that battel Cyrus had ten thousand Greeks that came to his assistance who in that part of the field where they stood did overcome and after the death of Cyrus could neither be conquered by the power of so great an Army nor yet taken by treachery but returning in so great a march through so many unconquered Nations and barbarous people they with their valour did secure themselves even unto the confines of their own Countrey THE SIXTH BOOK OF IVSTINE THe Lacedemonians after the common condition of men who the more they have the more they do desire being not content that their strength was doubled by the access of the Athenian power did begin to affect the Government of all Asia The greatest part whereof being under the command of the King of the Persians Dercillides who was chosen general for that war when he found that he was to fight against two of the Lieutenants of Artaxerxes Pharnabasus and Tissafernes who were attended with the powers of formidable Nations he resolved to make a peace with one of them Tissafernes seemed most fit for his design being more remarkable for his industry and more powerful by the Souldiers of the late King Cyrus who being treated with and conditions being agreed upon betwixt them he was dismissed whereupon he was accused by Pharnabasus before the King that he repulsed not the Lacedemonians who had invaded Asia but maintained them at the King's charge and contracted with them to delay the wars as if all the loss of the Empire should not be put upon one score He alledged it to be an unworthy thing that the war should be bought and not carried on with resolution and that the Enemy should be removed with money and not with Arms Tissafernes being estranged from the King by these complaints Pharnabasus did perswade him for the mannaging of the wars at Sea to make Conon the Athenian Admiral in his place who his Countrey being lost by war did led a banished life in Cyprus for the Athenians although they were broken in their fortunes had yet some strength at Sea and if one were to be chosen he alledged that they could not finde amongst them an abler man Having received five hundred talents he was commanded to make Conon Admiral of the Fleet This being known at Lacedemon they by their Ambassadors did desire ayd of Hercimon King of Aegypt for the carrying on of the war at Sea who sent them one hundred ships and six hundred thousand measures of corn and very great ayd was also sent unto them from the rest of their Associates But a worthy Commander was wanting to so great an Army and against so great a Captain Therefore their Associates desiring Agesilaus King of the Lacedemonians to lead forth their Armies it was a long time debated whether they should make him their General or no by reason of the answer of the Oracle of Delphos which denounced a period to their Government when the royal Command halted for Agesilaus was lame of his feet but at last resolving that it were safer that the King then Kingdom should halt they sent Agesilaus with a formâ—dable Army into Asia Two such Captains as these to command in this war could not easily be matched again for they were equal in age valour counsel providence and in the glory of their atchievements and when fortune gave them a parity in all things yet she preserved them unconquered by one another Great was the preparation of both for the war great were the acts which they performed But a sedition of the Souldiers whom the former Lieutenants of the King had defrauded of their pay disturbed Conon the Souldiers demanding their Arrears the more roundly because knowing their duties in the war should be the harder under so great a Captain Conon having a long time wearyed the King in vain with Letters did at the last repair in his own person to him but being denyed either to see him or to speak with him because he would not prostrate himself unto him after the custom of the Persians he treated with him by Messengers and complained that the wars of the most mighty King did suffer through indigence and having an Army equal to the Enemies he was overcome by the want of money in which he did exceed them and was found inferiour in that part of strength in which he was far superiour He desired that the moneys for the war might be trusted into his hand it being dangerous that it should be committed unto many The moneys being received he returned to the Navie and made no delay in the prosecution of the war He acted many things valiantly and many things happily he plundred the Fields he sacked the Cities of his Enemies and as a Tempest did beat down all before him With which proceedings the Lacedemonians being affrighted did determine to call back Agesilaus out of Asia for the defence of his own Countrey In the mean time Lysander being left by Agesilaus to command the Forces at home in his absence being resolved to try the fortune of the war by battel did with great care and industry provide a mighty Navie and Conon being ready to joyn in battel with the Enemy did with great judgement assign unto every ship its station and the emulation of the Souldiers was no less then of the Captains for Conon the Admiral did not so much labour for the Persians as for his Countrey and in their
the King of Epirus omitted it being of great concernment to what party he became a friend who desiring himself to master them all did labour to have an interest in every party Therefore having promised to assist the Tarentines against the Romans he desired ships of Antigonus to transport his Army he desired moneys of Antiochus who was more considerable both in men and money he desired of Ptolomy the ayd of the Macedonian Souldiers Ptolomy who made no delay to gratifie him having a numerous Army did lend unto him for the space of two yeers and no longer five thousand foot four thousand horse and fifty Elephants for which Pyrrhus having taken to marriage the daughter of Ptolomy did leave him invested in the Kingdom But because we are come to the mention of Epirus we must deliver a few things concerning the Original of that Kingdom In that Countrey was first of all the Kingdom of the Molossians Afterwards Pyrrhus the Son of Achilles having lost his Fathers Kingdom by his long absence in the Trojan wars did plant himself in this Country the people being first called Pyrrhide afterwards Epirotae But Pyrrhus when he came to ask counsel in the Temple of Jupiter of Dodona he there saw and by force took unto him Anassa the Niece of Hercules by whom he had eight children He marryed those who were Maids to the neighboring Kings and purchased to himself great Possessions by the ayd of affinity and gave unto Helenus the Son of King Priamus for his singular knowledge in Prophecy the Kingdom of Chaonia and Andromache the relict of Hector to wife whom in the division of the Trojan booty he took unto his own bed Not long after he was slain at Delphos between the Altars of the god by the teachery of Orestes the Son of Agamemnon Piales his Son succeeded him and by order of succession the Kingdom was devolved to Arymbas who being of a tenderage and the onely child that remayned of that Regal Family had Guardians assigned him with great care both for his preservation his education And being sent to Athens to be instructed there he was so much the more acceptable to the people as he was more learned then all his Predecessors He first made Laws and ordained a Senate and yearly Magistrats and the form of a Commonwealth and as the Country became more famous by Pyrrhus so it was reduced to more humanity under the Government of Arymbas His Son was named Neoptolomus from whom Olympias was immediately discended who was the Mother of Alexander the Great and Alexander who after him enjoyed the Kingdom of Epirus and having made war in Italy he was slain amongst the Brutians After his death his brother Aeacides succeeded in the Kingdom who by his daily wars against the Macedonians having too much wearyed and exhausted the people did contract the hatred of the Citizens and being forced into banishment by them he left his Son Pyrrhus a young child of two yeers of age to succeed him in the Kingdom who when he was fought for by the people to be put to death by reason of the hatred which they did bear unto Father he was privately conveyed to the Illyrians and delivered to Beroe the daughter of King Glaucias to be nursed by her who was himself of the Family of the Aeacidans The King either in the compassion of his fortune or delighted with his sportfulness did not onely protect him a long time against Cassander King of Macedonia although he threatned to make war against him for detaining of him but also did adopt him into the succession of the Kingdom with which the Epirots were so overcome that turning their Hatred into Pity they called him back at eleven yeers of age having set Guardians over him who were to govern the Kingdom until he arrived to maturity of age Being a young man he made many wat 's and began to be so great in the success thereof that he seemed alone to be able to defend the Tarentines against the Romans THE Eighteenth BOOK OF IVSTINE PYrrhus therefore King of Epirus being again wearyed by a new Embassie of the Tarentines and by the Petitions of the Lucanians and Samnites who also needed ayd against the Romans was not much induced by the Petitions of the Suppliants as by the hope of invading the Empire of Italy and did promise that he would assist them with his Army The E◠amples of his Ancestors did carry him on med violently to it being well enclined to it of himself that he might not seem to be inferior to his Uncle Alexander whom the same Tarantines used as their Protector against the Brutians or to have less resolution then Alexander the Great who in a war so remote from his own Country had subdued the East Therefore having left his Son Ptolomy about the fifteenth yeer of his age to be the Keeper of his Kingdom he landed his Army in the Haven of Tarentum having taken with him his two young Sons Alexander and Helenus to be some solace to him in so remote an Expedition Valerius Levinus the Roman Consul having heard of his arrival did march towards him with all speed with a resolution to give him battel before his Auxiliaries could be drawn together And having put his Army in array the King though inferiour in the number of Souldiers made no delay to encounter him The Romans being Conquerors at first were amazed and enforced to forsake the battel at the unusal sight and charge of the Elephants these strange monsters of the Macedonians did on a sudden conquer the Conquerors neither had their Enemies an unbloody victory For Pyrrhus himself was grievously wounded and 〈◊〉 great part of his Souldiers being slain he 〈◊〉 a greater glory then a joy of the Victory Many of the Cities of Italy following the event of this battel did deliver themselves to Pyrrhus Amongst the rest the Locri having betrayed the Roman Garrison did submit to Pyrrhus Pyrrhus out of the booty which he took sent back to Rome two hundred Souldiers whom he had taken Prisoners without any ransom that the Romans might take notice as well of his liberality as of his valour Some time being passed when the Army of the Associates were drawn altogether he joyned in battel again with the Romans in which his fortune was the same as in the former In the mean time Mago the General of the Carthaginians being sent with one hundred and twenty ships to bring Auxiliaries to the Romans did address himself to the Senate affirming that the Carthaginians did deeply resent that in Italy they should suffer the calamity of war from a forraign King For which cause he was sent that the Romans being enfested by a forraign Enemy they should also be relieved by a forraign Enemy The Senate having returned their hearty thanks to the Carthaginians did send back their Auxiliaries But Mago after the fine subtilty of the Punick wit after a few days did repair privately to Pyrrhus as
decree to put a measure to the charges of marriages they commanded it not to be observed by one or some few bur by all in general that the person might not seem to be pointed at but the vice corrected Being prevented by this Counsel he again incited the slaves to a Rebellion and having appointed another day for the slaughter of the Senators when he found that he was the second time prevented fearing to be call'd into judgement he possessed himself of a fortified Castle having armed twenty thousand slaves There whiles he incited the Africans and the King of Mauritania to make war on the Carthaginians he was taken and being scourged with rods his eyes pulled out and his hands and legs broken that a due punishment might be exacted of every one of his members he was put to death in the sight of the people and his body torn with rods was fastned on a Cross His Sons also and all his kindred though innocent were delivered to the Executioner that not â—one of so nefarious a Family should remain either to imitate his wickedness or to revenge his death In the mean time Dionysius being received by the Syracusians when he grew every day more grievous and cruel to the City was besieged by a new conspiracy and having at last layd down both his Tyranny and his Army he delivered the Tower to the Syracusians and taking with him some necessaries for a private fortune he betook himself to a banished life in Carinth and there conceiving things most humble to be most safe he descended into a most sordid condition of life for being not contented to foot it up and down in publick but to drink also and not onely to be seen in Taverns and Houses of wantonness but to continue in them many dayes together he would quarrel with the vilest scum upon the basest subject and be seen all in rags and squallid and rather give an occasion of laughter to others then receive it from them he would stand in the Shambles and devour with his eyes what he was not able to buy he would complain of the Bawds and Whores before the Aedils and do all things in such an importunate rudeness that he seemed rather to be despised then to be feared At last he professed himself to be a School-master and taught children in open places that he might either be seen alwayes in publick by those that feared him or more readily be despised by those that feared him not And although he abounded with the vices of a Tyrant yet this dissembling of his vices was not by nature but by art he counterfeited to have lost all royal shame being not ignorant how hateful was the very name of Tyrants without their revenews He endeavoured also to take away the envie of things past by the contempt of things present and made use not of honest but of safe counsel Nevertheless amongst those arts of his dissimulation he was thrice accused to affect the Tyranny again and his best protection was the despicableness of his person and his fortunes In the mean time the Carthaginians being amazed at the great success of Alexander the Great fearing that he would add Africa to the Empire of Asia sent Amilcar sirnamed Rhodanus a man famous above the rest for eloquence and policy to discover his intents Their fear was encreased by the taking of the City of Tyre the mother to their City and by the building of Alexandria a City emulous of Carthage on the bounds of Africk and Aegypt and by the perpetual felicity of the King whose desires and whose fortune could not any wayes be bounded Amilcar having obtained access to the King by the means of Parmenio he dissembled to the King that he fled unto him being banished from his own Country and offered himself to serve him in his expedition against it And having dived into his Counsels he wrote all things to the Carthaginians in woodden Tables the Letters being covered with wax Howsoever after the death of Alexander the Carthaginians did put him to death being returned into his own Country not onely by an ungrateful but with a cruel sentence alledging that he would have betrayed their City unto Alexander the Great THE Two and twentieth BOOK OF IVSTINE AGathocles the Tyrant of Sicily who arose to the height and greatness of the former Dionysius from a base and sordid pedigree did advance himself unto royal Majesty He was born in Sicily his Father was a Potter nor had he a more honest childhood then he had Original for being admirable in beauty and the lineaments of his body he a long time lived by the passive prostitution of his body And being come to sixteen yeers of age he transferred his lust from men to women Afterwards being infamous with both Sexes he changed his course of life and committed Robberies In process of time he travelled to Syracusae and was sent for into the City by the Inhabitants where he lived a long time without reputation for he had nothing more in fortune to lose nor in chastity to defile Being at last an ordinary Souldier he was as prone to any villany by a seditious as he was before by a dissolute life He was resolute and active and very eloquent in discourse In a short time he was made a Centurion not long afterwards Tribune of the Souldiers In the first war against the Aetnaeans he shewed the Syracusians excellent demonstrations of his Chivalty In the following war against the Campanions the opinion which all had of him was so great that he was chosen General in the place of Damascen deceased whose wife having known her first by adultery he did take unto him in marriage after the death of her husband And being not contented that of a poor man he suddenly grew rich he at last turned Pyrat against his own Country It was his safety that his Companions being taken and tormented denyed that he had any any interest amongst them Twice he endeavoured to possess himself of Syracusae and twice he was driven into banishment for it In the hatred to the Syracusians he was made first Praetor and afterwards General by the Murgantins amongst whom he did lead a banished life In that war he took the City of the Leontins and began to besiege the City of Syracusae to the defence whereof when Amilcar General of the Carthaginians was desired to march having laid aside all hostile hatred he sent considerable Forces to relieve it In one and the same time the City of Syracusae was defended by her Enemies in a civil love and was besieged by her Citizens in a civil hatred But Agathocles when he perceived that the City was more gallantly defended then beleagured did by his Messengers Petition to Amilcar that he would undertake the arbitration for a peace betwixt him and the Syracusians promising on his part the assured peculiar return of all good Offices that he could expect Amilcar being possessed with this hope did enter into a
on a sudden the Priests of all the Temples the Prophets themselves with their hair dishevelled in their most solemn habits and fillets did tremble all with indignation did run forth mad into the Front of the Army where the fight most violently was maintained They cryed out that their god was come down that they beheld him leaping into the Temple laughing from the opened Roofs thereof for whiles they most humbly emplored his help a young man as admirable in his beauty as the tall proportion of his body with two armed Virgins who were his Companions did appear and did meet them out of the two adjoyning Temples of Diana and Minerva neither did they onely behold them with their eyes but they heard also the twang of his Bow and the clashing of his Armour they therefore conjured them by the utmost Imprecations that they would not delay to make a thorow-dispatch upon their Enemies the gods being their Leaders and to joyn themselves Companions with them in the Victory with these words being enflamed they did all throw themselves upon the points of their Enemies swords and immediately they perceived the presence of their god For part of the Hill being torn off by an Earthquake did overwhelm the Army of the Gauls and the most thick and pointed wedges did fall to the ground not without some wounds to the Delphians Immediately there followed a great Tempest of hayl lightning thunder which devoured those who fainted by reason of their wounds Brennus their General when he could not endure the anguish of his wounds did end his life with his Poynedo Belgius the other of their Generals the Authors of this war being punished departed in a flying march out of Greece with ten thousand of his Associates But Fortune was not more propitious to them flying for fearful as they were there was no night without rain or cold nor day without labor and danger but daily storms and snow concrete with Ice and hunger and weariness and above all the great evil of too much watching did consume the miserable Relicks of the unhappy war The people also and Nations through which they marched did pursue them flying before them as a prey By which means it came to pass that not one of so great an Army who not long before being too confident in their strength and numbers presumed to plunder the gods did now remain to witness the remembrance of so great an overthrow THE Five and twentieth BOOK OF IVSTINE PEace being concluded betwixt the two Kings Antigonus and Antiochus when Antigonus returned into Macedonia a new Enemy did on a sudden arise unto him for the Gauls who were left by Brennus to defend the bounds of the Nation when he advanced into Greece that they alone might not seem idle having armed fifteen thousand foot and three thousand horse did invade the Getes and Tribals and having overcome them they did hang like a dark cloud over Macedonia and sent their Ambassadors to King Antigonus to offer him a mercenary Peace and to discover his strength Antigonus with royal magnificence did invite them to a stately Banquet set forth in the highest manner that could be devised The Gauls admiring the vast weights of gold and silver which on purpose were layd open to their observations and being provoked by the abundance and variety of the booty returned more greedy of war then when they came forth The King also commanded that the Elephants should be shewed unto them for a terror it being a sight unaccustomed to them and that they should see the ships laden with Souldiers and gallantly equipped being ignorant that he did hereby tempt them by the rlchness of the booty whom he thought to have affrighted by the greatness of his power The Ambassadors being returned made all things greater then they were and declared both the wealth and the security of the King his Tents they said were covered with gold and silver and defended neither by works nor ditches and as if their riches were defence enough they neglected all Military duties thinking belike that they needed not the defence of Iron because they abounded with gold By this relation the desires of the greedy Nation were the more provoked to the prey The Example of Belgius did the more excite them who not long before had overthrown the Army of the Macedons and killed the King himself With the general consent of all they in the night did invade the Tents of the King who foreseeing this tempest did give order the day before to take away all the precious moveables and privately to hide themselves in the adjoyning woods neither was the Camp otherwise preserved then that it was thus abandoned For the Gauls when they saw all things forsaken and not onely without Defenders but also without a Guard conceiving it to be rather an Ambush then a flight they did forbear for a while to enter into the Ports thereof At last they possessed themselves of them rather examining and searching then plundering them and not long afterwards taking away what they found they did carry it to the shore There when too rashly they thought to seise upon the ships they were killed by the Sea-men and by a part of the Land Army who fled thither with their Wives and children suspecting no such danger And so great was the slaughter of the Gauls that the report and opinion of this Victory procured peace to Antigonus not from the Gauls but some other stubborn Enemies who were his Neghbors The yong men of the Gauls at that time were so numerous that they swarmed all over Asia neither did the Kings of the East manage any wars without the mercenary Army of the Gauls neither did those who were banished or beaten from their Kingdoms address themselves unto any but to the Gauls onely So great was the terror of their name or the invincible happiness of their Arms that the King believed their Majestie was not safe nor could they recover it being lost unless they were assisted by the valor of the Gauls Being therefore called by the King of Bithynia to his help and the Victory obtained they divided the Kingdom with him and called that Country Gallograecia Whiles these things were performed in Asia Phyrrus being overcome by the Carthaginians in a battel at Sea desired ayd of Antigonus King of Macedonia declaring that if he assisted him not he must be enforced to return into his Kingdom and seek the advancement of his Fortunes from the Romans Which when his Ambassadors brought him word was denyed having dissembled the reason he pretended a sudden departure In the mean time he commanded hls Confederates to provide for the war and delivered the Government of the Tower of Tarentum to Helenus his Son and Milo his friend Being returned into Epirus he immediately invaded the bounds of Macedonia where Antigonus did meet him with an Army and being overcome by him was put to flight Pyrrhus hereupon did take Macedonia into his power
Father did excite all these Nations to joyn in assistance with him against the Romans In the mean time there did arise a war betwixt King Prusias to whom Annibal fled after the peace granted to Antiochus by the Romans and Eumenes Which war Prusias first began having broken the League through the confidence he had in Annibal For Annibal when amongst other of the Articles of the Treaty the Romans did demand of Antiochus that he should deliver him up unto them being advertised by Antiochus of it did fly to Crete Where having lived for many years a quiet life and found himself envied by reason of his excessive wealth he deposed in the Temple of Diana pitchers filled with Lead as the safegard of his fortune and the City being no wayes jealous of him because they had his fortunes with them as his he repaired to King Prusias his Gold which he carried with him being melted and poured into hollow Statues least his riches being discovered should be a hinderance to his life Prusias being overcome by King Eumenes by land and intending to try the fortune of a Battel by Sea Annibal by a new invention was the Author of the Victory For he commanded that all kinds of Serpents stored into earthen Vessels in the middle of the Battel should be thrown into the Ships of their Enemies It seemed ridiculous to the Enemies at first that they should Arm themselves and fight with earthen Pots who could not encounter their Enemies with swords But when their Ships began to be filled with the Serpents they were circumvented with a doubtfull and double danger and yeilded the Victory to their Enemies When these things were declared at Rome Ambassadors were sent by the Senate to make a reconciliation betwixt both Kings and to demand the person of Annibal but Annibal having notice of it did take poyson and prevented the Embassy by death This year was remarkable by the death of three of the most famous Generals in the world Annibal Philopemenes and Scipio Africanus Most certain it is that Annibal when Italy trembled at the thunder of his Arms did never sit down when he did eat nor did ever drink more at once then one pint of wine and so great was his chastity amongst so many Captives that who would deny that he was born in Africa It was undoubtedly a great Argument of his moderation that when he commanded an Army of divers Nations he was never set upon by any treachery of his own men nor betrayed by the deceit of others when his Enemies had oftentimes attempted both against him THE Three and Thirtieth BOOK OF IVSTINE THe Romans mannaged the Macedonian war with less noise and trouble then they did the Carhaginian But with so much the more honour as the Macedons in fame did exceed the Carthaginians For the Macedonians were not onely encouraged with the glory of the conquered East but assisted with the Auxiliaries of all Kings Therefore the Romans sent more Embassies to their Associates and received Auxiliaries from Messanissa King of the Numidians and from others of their Confederates And amessage was sent to Eumenes King of the Bithynians to contribute to the war with all his powers And besides the opinion that the Army of the Macedons was invincible Perseus had provision for ten years war laid up byhis Father both in his Exchequer and his Granaries with which being growng insolent forgetful of his Fathers fortune he commanded his Soldiers to call to mind the Ancient glory of Alexander The first encounter was of the horse onely in which Perseus being Conqueror made all men begin to doubt and to incline to his side Howsoever he sent Ambassadors to the Consul to desire that peace which the Romans had given to his Father being overcome offering to defray the charges of the war as if he had been overcome himself But Sulpitius the Consul did give him no other conditions then what the conquered were accustomed to receive In the mean time through the fear of so dangerous a war the Romans made Aemylius Paulus Consul and decreed unto him contrary to custome the Macedonian war who when he came unto the Army did make no long delay of the battail On the night before there was an Ecclipse of the Moon All men judged that it was a sad portent for Perseus and that the end of the Macedonian Empire was thereby presaged In that Battel Marcus Cato the Son of Cato the Orator when amongst the thickest of his Enemies he gave admirable Demonstrations of his valor having fallen from his horse did fight on foot For a band of the Enemies with a horrid cry did stand round about him falling on him as if they would have killed him lying on the ground Bur he having suddenly recollected himself did get upon his feet and made a great slaughter of his Enemies the Macedons did surround him on every side and did throw themselves upon him to take away his life but he striking at one of the Commanders his sword flying from his hand did fall into the midst of a cohort of his Enemies to recover which protecting himself with his Buckler both Armies looking on he was covered with the swords of his Enemies having gained his sword and received many wounds he returned with a general acclamation to the Army his fellows imitating his valor obtained the Victory Perseus the King fled to Samothracia carrying with him ten thousand talents And Cneus Octavius being sent by the Consul to pursue him did take him prisoner with his two Sons Alexander and Philip and brought them to the Consul Macedonia had from her first King Caranus to Perseus thirty Kings But she was not famous for Soveraignty above one hundred and ninty three years when she came into the power of the Romans she was made free Magistrates being constituted through the several Cities and she received those Laws from Aemylius Paulus which to this day she doth observe The Senates of all the Cities of the Aetolians because they were uncertain in their fidelity were sent with their wives and children unto Rome and were a long time detained there that they might make no innovation in their Countries but the City being wearyed with the importunities of many Ambassadors they were hardly after many years suffered to return into their Countries THE Four and thirtyeth BOOK OF IVSTINE THe Carthaginians and Macedonians being subdued and the strength of thâ— Aetolians being weakned by the Captivity of their Princes the Achaians onely of all Greece did seem at that time most powerful to the Romans not by the excessive wealth of every one of their particular Cities but by the combination of them all for although the Achaians be divided by their Cities as by so many members yet they have one Body and one Command they beat off the dangers which threaten particular Cities with their mutual strength The Romans therefore seeking out an occasion of the war fortune did luckily present them with the
of the Conqueror but to plead for her besides the Laws of war there was also the contiguitie of blood she being her own sister against whom so bloodily she raged and his own cosen German and the mother of children betwixt them to this neer relation of consanguinitie he added the superstition of the Temple to which she fled to protect her self and that the gods were so much the more religiously to be worshipped as they were more propitious and favourable to him in his conquest besides she being slain nothing was diminished of the strength and power of Cyricaenus But by how much Gryphus was the more unwilling by so much her sister was inflamed with a female pertinatiousness conceiving those words of his proceeded from love and not from pittie Therefore having called the Souldiers to her she sent them her self to kill her sister who entering into the Temple when they could not drag her out of it they cut off her hands holding fast on the Image of the goddess and in her last words having cursed the Author of the Parricide the gods besides being violated she died but to revenge her self for not long after another battaile being fought and Cyricaenus Conquerour he took Gryphina the wife of Gryphus prisoner who killed her sister and by her death did parentate to the Ghosts of his wife But Cleopatra in Egypt when she was offended that her Son Ptolomy was her companion in the Kingdom she excited the people against him and having taken from him his Wife Seleuce and so much the more unworthily because he had two children by her she compelled him to live a banished life having sent for her younger Son Alexander and crowned him King in the place of his Brother and being not content to have banished him out of the Kingdom she prosecuted a War against him in Cyprus and having driven him from thence also she killed the General of her own Army because he permitted him to escape alive out of his hands although Ptolomy being no wayes inferior to him in strength did willingly depart out of the Iland that he might not be engaged in a War against his own Mother Alexander being terrified with this cruelty of his Mother did also himself forsake her preferring a safe and quiet life above a dangerous Kingdom But Cleopatra fearing that her eldest Son Ptolomy should be assisted by Cyricaenus to be by him restored into Egypt did send great Ayds to Gryphus and Seleuce to be his wife who must now be espoused to the Enemy of her former husband and by Ambassadors called back Alexander her Son into the Kingdom whose life when by treachery she contrived to take away being prevented by him she was killed herself and yielded up her spirit not by fate but parricide Worthy she was of this infamy of death who drove her own Mother from the bed of her husband and possessed her room in it and successively made her two Daughters Widows after their alternate marriage with their own Brothers who banished one of them afterwards made war against him and having taken the Kingdom also from the other did endeavor to put him to death by treachery But Alexander had the leisure to repent of this horrible act for when ever it was known that the Mother was slain by the violence of the Son he was forced into banishment by the people and Ptolomy being called back the Kingdom was restored to him who would neither make War with his Mother nor take away by Arms from his brother what he himself did first possess Whiles these things were thus carryed his brother begotten on a Concubine to whom his Father in his Will did leave the Kingdom of Cyrene did decease having made the people of Rome his Heir for now the fortune of Rome being not content with the bounds of Italy did begin to extend it self to the Kingdoms of the East Therefore that part of Lybia was made a Province and afterwards Crete and Cilicia being subdued in the Piratick War were reduced into the form of a Province by which meanes the Kingdoms of Syria and Egypt being streightned by the Roman neighbourhood and accustomed heretofore to raise advantages to themselves by Wars with those who were next unto them the power of wandring abroad being taken away they turned their own strength into their own bowels insomuch that consuming themselves with daily encounters they grew into contempt with their neighbors and became a prey to the Nation of the Arabians but weak and contemptible before whose King Herotimus in the confidence of six hundred Sons begotten on divers Concubines with divided Armies did sometimes invade and plunder Egypt and sometimes Syria and advanced the name of the Arabians making it great by the weakness of the neighbouring Princes THE Fortyeth BOOK OF IVSTINE THe mutual hatreds of the Brothers and not long afterwards the enmity of the Sons succeeding the hatred of their Parents when both the Kings and Kingdom of Syria was consumed by an inexpiable War the people were enforced to seek forraign Ayd and began to look upon the Kings that were strangers to them Therefore when one part of them were of opinion that Mithridates should be sent for out of Pontus and another part thought that Ptolomy should be sent for out of Egypt it being advertised that Mithridates was involved in the Roman War and that Ptolomy was an Enemy unto Syria they all agreed upon Tigranes King of Armenia who was supplyed besides his own strength with the Society of the Parthians and the affinity of Mithridates Tigranes being therefore sent for into the Kingdom of Syria for the space of eighteen years most peaceably enjoyed the Kingdom neither did he provoke any by War neither being provoked did he conceive it necessary to make war against any other But as Syria was safe from the in vasion of Enemies so it was made desolate by an Earthquake in which one hundred and seventy thousand persons and many Cities were destroyed The South-sayers being consulted did make answer that this Prodigie did portend the change of affairs in the Kingdoms of the East Tigranes therefore being overcome by Lucullus Antiochus the Son of Cyricaenus was made King of Syria by him But what Lucullus gave Pompey afterwards did take away for he demanding the Kingdom of him he made answer That he would not make him King of Syria either desiring or refusing it having for the space of eighteen years during which Tigranes possessed Syria dishonourably concealed himself in a corner of Cilicia but Tigranes being overcome he now desired of the Romans the reward of another mans labour Therefore as he did not dispossess him of the Kingdom when he had it so because he gave way to Tigranes he would not grant him that which he could not defend least he should render Syria again obnoxious to the robberies of the Arabians and the Jewes He therefore reduced it into the form of a Province and thus by the discord of the
and an enlarger of the Commonwealth for in divers memorable Battels he overthrew the Goths and the Huns who laid wast the Empire and having invaded the Persians he compelled them to seek for peace of him he slew at Aquileia Maximius the Tyrant who had killed Gratian and challenged all France to himself He caused also Victor his Son to be killed whom his Father Maximius had proclaimed Augustus when he was in the years of his Infancy He overcame also Eugenius the Tyrant and Arbogastes ten thousand of their Army being cut in pieces This Eugenius trusting to the forces of Arbogastes after he had slain Valentinian at Vienna called himself Emperor but not long after he lost his life and Empire both togegether Theodosius in body and conditions did much resemble the Emperor Trajan as the writings of the Historians in those dayeâ— and his Picture do declare so tall he waâ— in stature such was the proportion of his limbs such was the colour of his hair the same face unless his cheeks were a little more thin by often plucking out the hair by the roots neither had he so great eyes and I know not whether he had altogether so great a flourish of beauty in his face and such a gracefulness in his gate but I am sure their minds were most alike so that nothing can be said or read in books of the one which may not properly be translated to the other He was gentle merciful and affable to all thought that only in his habit he did differ from other men he was munificent to all but magnificent to the good he loved ordinary wits and admired the great ones provided they were harmless with a great mind he gave great largesses he loved the Citizens and those most known unto him him by private acquaintance enriched them with honours money and other benefits especially those whose good offices to him as towards a Father in the time of his adversity he had approved but for loving of Wine and the desire of triumphs with which Trajan was aspersed he so much detested them that he found Wars but did make none and by a Law did prohibit all wanton meetings and to have Songs at Banquets so much he did contribute to continence and modesty that he did forbid the marriage of Cousin germans as an unlawful thing For learning being compared to those who are absolute he was not extraordinary but wise and prudent he was and very diligent to read men in their manners He would hastily condemn the cruel deeds of the Ancients and those Enemies to publick liberty Cinna Marius and Sylla and he did bear an especial hatred to perfidious and ungrateful persons He would suddenly be angry but he was apt to return to his first temper and after a little pause he would of himself be quickly appeased Sometimes he would propound unto himself the severe precepts out of Livy or what Augustus was taught by him who did read Philosophy unto him that if he were angry at any time before he attempted to revenge the displeasure he should repeat the four and twenty Greek Letters by means whereof the concitation of the spirit which in a moment was raised the minde being otherwise imployed might in a little respite of time be appeased A brave man undoubtedly he was thus to exercise his patience and which is a proof of a singular vertue after the regal power confirmed by years and much more after a civil Victory What shall I speak of his sollicitous care in providing of Corn and to restore out of his own treasure the vast sums of gold silver taken away by force consumed by Tyrants even when bountiful Princes do hardly give unto their Followers the reversion of a few unfruitful fields or of a plundred Farm Neither can those less things be forgotten which being practised within the Court do more attract the eyes and ears of all curious natures to behold them as to reverence the Uncle like the Father to bring up the children either of the dead Brother or Sister as his own to embrace kindred and allyance with the affection of a Parent to make a neat and a merry Feast but not a sumptuous one to frame the discourse to the quality of the persons and observances to Dignities to have a discourse pleasant with gravity a tender Father and a loving Husband He so exercised himself in sports as to be neither thereby engaged or wearied and when he had leisure he refreshed his spirits with walking He governed his bodily health with a good diet And thus in the fiftyeth year of his Age he dyed in peace at Millain leaving in a peaceable condition the two Commonwealths to his two Sons Arcadius and Honorius his body was the same year in which he dyed conveyed to Constantinople and there interred FINIS An Alphabetical TABLE of those things which are most remarkable in this HISTORY THe Abderits forced from their own Country by multitudes of Frogs and Mice to seek new habitations page 237 Aborigines the first Inhabitants of Italy p. 501 The abrogation of the Custome for the sacrifizing of men alive p. 281 Abydus p. 52 The Acarnanians alone ayded not the Graecians against the Trojans p. 364 The Achaians fight with Nabis p. 389 Their combination fidelity and power ibid. Adrian the Emperor p. 555 The Adriatick Sea and why so called p. 287 Adultery most severely punished amongst the Parthians p. 481 Aeacides King of the Molossi p. 232 The greatest part of that Name dying about thirty years of Age p. 202 Their Original from Hercules p. 157 Aegeades from whence so called p. 114 Aegeus King of the Athenians Father of Theseus p. 137 Aegypt fortified at the vast expence of her King p. 26 Aegypt the Granary of the Roman people p. 526 The Aegyptians superstitious p. 17 The fruitfulness and temper of Aegypt p. 24 Aemilius gave Law to the Macedons p. 414 Aeneas came into Italy p. 502 Aeneas dyed in the wars against Mezensius ibid. Aeolus heretofore governed Sicily p. 75 The Aeolian Ilands p. 73 Aetna Hill and the perpetual burning of it p. 74 The Aetolians lost their liberty p. 401 The Africans send back their tribute to the Carthaginians p. 282 The excellent words of Africanus p. 400 His moderation in the receiving of his Son p. 397 398 Agathocles twice a banished man p. 306 Agathocles of a base original become tyrant of Sicily ibid. Agathocles took away all hope of flight by burning the ships p. 313 Agathocles his death p. 322 Agesilaus lame in one foot p. 101 Agis King of the Lacedemonians p. 179 Alcibiades of his own accord goes to banishment to Elis p. 82 Alcibiades his gallant courage wit and personage p. 83 Alcibiades called back from his command to answer for his prophaness p. 81 Alcibiades knew the wife of Agis p. 83 Alcibiades goes again into banishment p. 88 Alcibiades burned alive in his Chamber p. 93 Alexander demands of the Athenians their