Selected quad for the lemma: book_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
book_n	great_a	life_n	write_v	5,211	5	5.2860	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A06946	Markhams farwell to husbandry or, The inriching of all sorts of barren and sterill grounds in our kingdome, to be as fruitfull in all manner of graine, pulse, and grasse as the best grounds whatsoeuer together with the anoyances, and preseruation of all graine and seede, from one yeare to many yeares. As also a husbandly computation of men and cattels dayly labours, their expences, charges, and vttermost profits. Attained by trauell and experience, being a worke neuer before handled by any author: and published for the good of the whole kingdome.; Farewell to husbandry	Markham, Gervase, 1568?-1637.	1620 (1620)	STC 17372; ESTC S112107	100,169	168

ear_n or_o chaff_n 108_o keep_v corn_n dress_v 109_o of_o garner_n ibid._n of_o hutches_n and_o their_o use_n 110_o to_o preserve_v wheat_n 111_o to_o preserve_v rye_n 117_o to_o preserve_v bean_n 118_o to_o preserve_v pease_n or_o fetch_n 120_o to_o preserve_v lentil_o or_o lupin_n 123_o to_o preserve_v oat_n 125_o to_o preserve_v oatmeal_n 126_o to_o preserve_v any_o meal_n ibid._n the_o preserve_n of_o all_o small_a seed_n 128_o chap._n xv._n how_o to_o keep_v grain_n either_o for_o transportation_n etc._n etc._n 129_o the_o use_n of_o grain_n 130_o of_o pulsse_n ibid._n of_o rice_n and_o the_o use_n ibid._n of_o wheat_n and_o the_o use_n 132_o of_o oat_n meal_n and_o the_o use_n 133_o of_o barley_n and_o the_o use_n 135_o of_o buck_n and_o the_o use_n ibid._n of_o pulsse_n and_o the_o use_n ibid._n of_o french_a beane_n 136_o of_o the_o kydney_n beane_n ibid._n of_o common_a field_n beanes_n ibid._n of_o pease_n and_o their_o use_n 137_o several_a sort_n of_o pease_n ibid._n to_o transport_v grain_n ibid._n chap._n xvi_o a_o general_a computation_n of_o man_n and_o cattle_n labour_n etc._n etc._n 140_o of_o plough_v sow_v and_o mow_v 141_o of_o reap_v and_o gather_v grain_n 142_o of_o ditch_v hedge_v plash_v 143_o of_o delve_v and_o thrash_v 144_o the_o particular_a expense_n of_o a_o day_n 145_o the_o particular_a labour_n of_o cattle_n 147_o chap._n xvii_o the_o apply_v of_o husbandry_n to_o the_o several_a country_n 148_o the_o carter_n office_n 150_o of_o cattle_n for_o the_o draught_n 152_o the_o several_a labour_n of_o the_o several_a month_n 153_o markham_n farewell_n to_o husbandry_n chap._n i._n the_o nature_n of_o ground_n in_o general_a but_o particular_o of_o the_o barren_a and_o sterryll_o earth_n certain_o in_o this_o unthankful_a and_o uninst_a preamble_n age_n where_o greatness_n and_o garment_n only_o make_v up_o the_o virtuous_a there_o be_v nothing_o of_o less_o esteem_n than_o the_o painful_a labour_n of_o those_o pen_n who_o watch_n and_o indostrie_a have_v only_o keep_v a_o unwearied_a pace_n with_o the_o benesit_fw-la and_o general_a good_a of_o their_o country_n no_o though_o the_o despiser_n thereof_o eat_v no_o bread_n but_o the_o food_n of_o their_o write_n so_o ungrateful_a be_v man_n to_o his_o best_a teacher_n and_o so_o unhappy_a they_o that_o in_o this_o kind_n become_v the_o world_n tutor_n why_o i_o think_v those_o squint-eied_n uneven_a accusation_n those_o fool_n bolt_n shoot_v backward_o from_o the_o true_a mark_n and_o those_o manifold_a mouth-torturing_a imputation_n which_o a_o world_n of_o wise_a in_o their_o own_o conceit_n will_v thunder_v against_o i_o for_o this_o labour_n doea_n it_o be_v even_o now_o stand_v before_o i_o face_n to_o face_n and_o brave_v i_o why_o i_o think_v i_o hear_v one_o fool_n who_o have_v better_a fortune_n than_o wit_n say_v write_v he_o of_o husbandry_n and_o be_v no_o husband_n nay_o i_o will_v not_o believe_v his_o rule_n till_o i_o see_v his_o example_n poor_a sot_n how_o clerk_n like_v he_o he_o speak_v as_o if_o no_o man_n have_v famous_o write_v of_o any_o thing_n to_o which_o he_o have_v not_o be_v bind_v prentice_n seven_o year_n by_o condition_n i_o will_v have_v he_o look_v upon_o lybault_n and_o steven_n two_o of_o the_o most_o famous_a physician_n that_o ever_o live_v in_o france_n man_n that_o in_o my_o own_o conscience_n never_o know_v what_o belong_v to_o the_o handle_n of_o a_o blow_n or_o ever_o lift_v mattock_n above_o their_o shoulder_n for_o they_o be_v mere_o scholar_n and_o better_a know_v how_o to_o gather_v plant_n then_o set_v they_o yet_o in_o this_o art_n of_o husbandry_n who_o have_v ever_o write_v more_o famous_o or_o more_o true_o and_o exact_o france_n flourish_v more_o by_o their_o theory_n then_o by_o the_o practice_n of_o all_o the_o peasant_n of_o that_o kingdom_n so_o also_o seres_n a_o excellent_a scholar_n a_o excellent_a hystorian_n a_o man_n that_o the_o state_n can_v not_o spare_v into_o the_o country_n yet_o who_o read_v his_o agriculture_n shall_v find_v such_o deep_a knowledge_n and_o rich_a rule_n for_o husbandry_n that_o the_o kingdom_n will_v ever_o acknowledge_v he_o for_o a_o famous_a benefactor_n so_o likewise_o vinet_n a_o man_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n the_o same_o nurture_n and_o the_o same_o excellence_n and_o to_o look_v down_o into_o our_o own_o country_n be_v not_o fitzharbert_n and_o goouge_n gentleman_n of_o good_a birth_n and_o education_n far_o from_o any_o servile_a or_o mean_a office_n yet_o in_o this_o art_n of_o husbandry_n who_o have_v write_v with_o great_a praise_n or_o allowance_n master_n tuffer_v be_v mere_o all_o university_n and_o outward_o profess_v only_o in_o music_n yet_o shall_v his_o book_n of_o husbandry_n live_v as_o long_o as_o there_o be_v life_n in_o any_o book_n of_o that_o nature_n what_o shall_v i_o do_v speak_v of_o virgil_n who_o although_o his_o fame_n and_o profession_n be_v only_o po●…sie_a yet_o shall_v his_o book_n of_o husbandry_n be_v as_o famous_a over_o all_o the_o world_n as_o in_o italy_n now_o for_o myself_o although_o a_o piece_n of_o my_o life_n be_v scholar_n a_o piece_n soldier_n and_o all_o horseman_n yet_o do_v i_o for_o nine_o year_n apply_v myself_o to_o the_o blow_n follow_v it_o with_o earnestness_n and_o my_o nature_n be_v evermorefull_a of_o inquisition_n i_o can_v not_o endure_v to_o have_v any_o thing_n hide_v that_o practice_n argument_n or_o discourse_n can_v reveal_v unto_o i_o nay_o so_o far_o forth_o i_o must_v accuse_v my_o own_o ambition_n that_o i_o can_v not_o for_o bear_v any_o travel_n any_o expense_n to_o find_v out_o the_o truth_n of_o any_o doubt_n i_o have_v in_o husbandry_n hear_v relate_v neither_o can_v ever_o any_o man_n word_n take_v up_o my_o mind_n till_o i_o do_v by_o proof_n find_v that_o action_n and_o discourse_n go_v even_o hand_n in_o hand_n together_o whence_o it_o come_v that_o i_o have_v be_v more_o dar_o audacious_a to_o publish_v my_o labour_n than_o otherwise_o my_o nature_n or_o good_a manner_n will_v have_v give_v i_o leave_v there_o be_v some_o will_v say_v what_o can_v i_o write_v more_o than_o i_o have_v write_v be_v not_o my_o two_o book_n of_o the_o english_a husbandman_n extant_a and_o if_o they_o contain_v not_o all_o my_o know●…dge_n sure_o i_o wrong_v the_o world_n or_o the_o opinion_n of_o ma●…y_n of_o my_o reader_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v who_o know_v not_o that_o industry_n be_v a_o mother_n who_o womb_n can_v never_o be_v discharge_v of_o her_o whole_a burden_n hourly_o bring_v forth_o new_a thing_n draw_v every_o art_n and_o occupation_n to_o that_o height_n of_o excellency_n that_o the_o knowledge_n of_o our_o forefather_n compare_v with_o the_o time_n now_o present_a be_v but_o mere_a ignorance_n and_o shall_v we_o then_o be_v confine_v to_o our_o first_o rule_n not_o dare_v to_o show_v the_o better_a because_o we_o ha●…e_v publish_v the_o good_a it_o be_v a_o tyrrannie_n not_o sufferable_a and_o a_o way_n to_o murder_v all_o the_o perfection_n in_o art_n for_o m●…ne_v own_o part_n this_o i_o must_v both_o conseffe_n and_o i●…stifie_v in_o my_o own_o work_n that_o for_o thosetwo_a part_n of_o the_o english_a husbandman_n they_o be_v tract_n as_o casie_a and_o certain_a for_o the_o order_n of_o our_o english_a ground_n as_o any_o that_o have_v b●…ne_v publish_v of_o that_o nature_n within_o our_o kingdom_n and_o do_v as_o true_o show_v the_o manner_n of_o order_v of_o all_o sor●…s_n of_o ground_n in_o which_o be_v any_o good_a or_o reasonable_a fertility_n as_o either_o labour_n or_o profit_n can_v wish_v or_o bring_v forth_o but_o this_o part_n of_o which_o i_o intend_v now_o worke._n to_o treat_v bathe_v a_o high_a aim_n and_o shoot_v much_o more_o near_o to_o the_o mark_n of_o commodity_n for_o the_o former_a show_v how_o to_o make_v the_o fruitful_a more_o fruitful_a this_o how_o to_o make_v the_o barren_a most_o plentiful_a every_o good_a ground_n will_v of_o itself_o bring_v forth_o for_o nature_n be_v ever_o a_o hater_n of_o idleness_n but_o the_o barren_a and_o sterile_a earth_n to_o make_v it_o full_a of_o increase_n and_o plenty_n be_v gratum_fw-la opus_fw-la agricolis_fw-la and_o such_o a_o general_a benefit_n to_o all_o good_a man_n that_o the_o concealment_n can_v be_v no_o less_o a_o offence_n than_o theft_n rob_v a_o man_n country_n of_o that_o treasure_n by_o negligence_n which_o no_o other_o industry_n in_o he_o can_v after_o restore_v i_o have_v former_o write_v how_o by_o art_n to_o keep_v good_a ground_n good_a and_o to_o strengthen_v the_o weak_a but_o now_o i_o show_v how_o to_o make_v ill_a ground_n excellent_a and_o to_o convert_v that_o which_o be_v barren_a and_o unfruitful_a to_o become_v rich_a in_o store_n and_o plenty_n whence_o shall_v ensue_v to_o all_o man_n

these_o particular_a profit_n follow_v first_o plenty_n of_o corn_n and_o pulse_n because_o all_o ground_n be_v make_v able_a and_o apt_a for_o tillage_n the_o kingdom_n may_v afford_v to_o sow_v for_o one_o bushel_n that_o be_v now_o hereafter_o five_o hundred_o so_o mighty_a great_a be_v the_o unfruitful_a and_o untilled_a waste_n of_o heathe_n down_n mores_n and_o such_o like_a which_o at_o this_o day_n lie_v untilled_a and_o unoccupied_a and_o to_o this_o abundance_n of_o corn_n will_v redound_v a_o equal_a or_o great_a abundance_n of_o grass_n and_o pasture_n for_o beside_o that_o those_o man_n and_o master_n of_o many_o ground_n may_v convert_v all_o their_o best_a and_o most_o fruitful_a earth_n to_o pasture_n and_o meadow_n and_o only_o keep_v the_o barren_a for_o tillage_n yet_o also_o this_o barren_a earth_n after_o it_o have_v do_v bear_v of_o corn_n which_o will_v be_v in_o five_o or_o six_o year_n shall_v for_o as_o many_o year_n more_o bear_v as_o good_a meadow_n or_o pasture_n either_o for_o breed_v or_o feed_v as_o can_v any_o way_n be_v reasonable_o require_v and_o then_o be_v new_o make_v again_o shall_v new_o begin_v and_o flourish_v in_o his_o first_o profit_n as_o shall_v be_v at_o large_a show_v and_o set_v forth_o hereafter_o as_o i_o have_v see_v with_o my_o own_o eye_n to_o my_o no_o small_a pleasure_n and_o amazement_n not_o in_o one_o butin_n diverse_a and_o sundry_a most_o untruitfull_a and_o hard_a country_n second_o whereas_o through_o the_o most_o part_n of_o this_o kingdom_n there_o be_v every_o year_n a_o three_o or_o four_o part_n of_o all_o corn_n ground_n lose_v in_o the_o fallow_a or_o tylthe_n field_n one_o field_n of_o three_o or_o one_o of_o four_o continual_o lie_v at_o rest_n now_o by_o the_o use_n of_o the_o husbandry_n follow_v you_o shall_v never_o keep_v any_o fallow_a field_n at_o all_o but_o have_v all_o your_o ground_n to_o bear_v you_o continual_o either_o corn_n or_o grass_n in_o good_a abundance_n last_o whereas_o in_o all_o the_o general_a best_a part_n of_o this_o nation_n you_o can_v have_v any_o grain_n of_o price_n as_o wheat_n barley_n rye_n and_o such_o like_a under_o two_o three_o four_o five_o and_o some_o six_o time_n plough_v now_o you_o shall_v not_o plough_v above_o twice_o at_o the_o most_o for_o the_o tender_a and_o rich_a grain_n that_o be_v to_o be_v reap_v whereby_o there_o shall_v be_v much_o pain_n ease_v in_o the_o husbandman_n great_a travel_n save_v from_o the_o cattle_n and_o a_o much_o large_a limitation_n of_o time_n give_v for_o other_o nece●…ary_a household_n and_o foreign_a business_n now_o some_o may_v here_o ask_v i_o what_o true_a and_o upright_o worke._n right_a testimony_n i_o can_v give_v of_o this_o my_o assertion_n or_o what_o inducement_n to_o draw_v man_n to_o a_o belief_n of_o my_o relation_n though_o i_o can_v refer_v such_o disputer_n to_o practice_v and_o the_o experience_n which_o shall_v arise_v from_o such_o practice_n yet_o to_o give_v they_o better_o satisfaction_n if_o they_o please_v to_o ride_v or_o walk_v into_o the_o north_n part_n of_o devonshire_n into_o the_o barren_a or_o mountainous_a part_n of_o south_n wales_n or_o north_n wales_n or_o into_o that_o wilderness_n of_o bogges_n and_o barrenness_n i_o mean_v that_o cold_a vast_a country_n of_o exmore_n where_o be_v nothing_o but_o unseasonablenesse_n and_o they_o shall_v even_o there_o find_v where_o the_o ground_n be_v industrious_o make_v and_o refine_a as_o good_a plenty_n of_o corn_n and_o grass_n as_o in_o the_o fruitfull_a vale_n in_o our_o inland_n and_o warm_a country_n true_o for_o my_o own_o part_n i_o dare_v bold_o avow_v that_o which_o my_o eye_n have_v behold_v for_o i_o have_v see_v on_o oneside_n of_o the_o hedge_n nothing_o but_o moss_n for_o grass_n fur_n go●…sse_n whynne_n and_o all_o other_o token_n of_o sterile_a barrainnesse_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n as_o good_a corn_n and_o grass_n and_o in_o as_o great_a plenty_n as_o in_o any_o fruitful_a country_n whatsoever_o and_o all_o this_o bring_v forth_o but_o with_o a_o little_a cost_n and_o some_o labour_n to_o proceed_v then_o to_o the_o full_a effect_n of_o my_o purpose_n ground_n without_o more_o preambulation_n or_o satisfaction_n to_o the_o curious_a for_o to_o the_o honest_o virtuous_a be_v all_o my_o endeavour_n direct_v you_o shall_v understand_v that_o it_o be_v meet_v that_o evety_n husbandman_n be_v skilful_a in_o that_o true_a knowledge_n of_o the_o nature_n of_o ground_n as_o which_o be_v fruitful_a which_o not_o of_o which_o in_o my_o first_o book_n i_o have_v write_v sufficient_o nor_o do_v i_o in_o this_o book_n intend_v to_o write_v any_o tittle_n that_o be_v in_o they_o contain_v for_o as_o i_o love_v not_o totologie_n so_o i_o deadly_a hate_n to_o wrong_v my_o friend_n ground_n then_o as_o i_o have_v former_o write_v in_o my_o first_o book_n be_v simple_a or_o compound_v as_o simple_a clayes_n or_o simple_a sand_n or_o compound_v of_o clayes_n sands_n or_o gravel_n together_o may_v be_v all_o good_a and_o all_o fit_a to_o bring_v forth_o increase_v or_o all_o evil_a and_o barren_a and_o unfit_a for_o profit_n for_o every_o earth_n whether_o it_o be_v simple_a or_o compound_v whether_o of_o itself_o or_o of_o double_a mixture_n do_v participate_v whole_o with_o the_o clime_n wherein_o it_o lie_v and_o as_o that_o be_v more_o hot_a or_o more_o cold_a more_o moist_a or_o more_o dry_a so_o be_v the_o earth_n ever_o more_o or_o less_o fruitful_a yet_o for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o the_o plain_a countryman_n you_o shall_v know_v that_o both_o the_o fruitful_a and_o unfruitful_a ground_n havetheir_o several_a face_n and_o character_n whereby_o they_o be_v as_o well_o know_v as_o by_o the_o clime_n or_o situation_n of_o the_o continent_n for_o that_o ground_n which_o though_o it_o bear_v not_o any_o extraordinary_a abundance_n of_o grass_n yet_o will_v load_v itself_o with_o strong_a and_o lusty_a weed_n as_o hemblocke_n dock_n mallow_n nettle_n ketlock_n and_o such_o like_a be_v undoubted_o a_o most_o rich_a and_o fruitful_a ground_n for_o any_o grain_n whatsoever_o also_o that_o ground_n which_o bear_v reed_n rush_n clover_n daysie_a and_o such_o like_a be_v e●…er_o fruitful_a in_o grass_n and_o herbage_n so_o that_o small_a cost_n and_o less_o labour_n in_o such_o ground_n will_v ever_o make_v good_a the_o profit_n of_o the_o husbandman_n but_o with_o these_o rich_a ground_n at_o this_o time_n i_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v to_o come_v down_o then_o to_o the_o barren_a &_o unwholesome_a ground_n ground_n you_o shall_v understand_v that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v know_v three_o several_a way_n first_o by_o the_o clime_n and_o continent_n wherein_o they_o lie_v next_o by_o their_o constitution_n and_o condition_n and_o last_o by_o outward_a face_n and_o character_n by_o the_o clime_n and_o continent_n as_o when_o the_o ground_n lie_v far_o remote_a from_o the_o sun_n or_o when_o it_o lie_v mountainous_a and_o high_a stony_a and_o rocky_a or_o so_o near_o unto_o the_o skirt_n and_o border_n of_o the_o sea_n that_o the_o continual_a fog_n storm_n myft_n and_o ill_a vapour_n arise_v from_o thence_o do_v poison_n and_o starve_v the_o earth_n all_o which_o be_v most_o apparent_a ●…ignes_n of_o barrenness_n by_o the_o constitution_n and_o condition_n as_o when_o the_o ground_n be_v either_o too_o extreme_o cold_a and_o moist_a or_o else_o to_o violent_o hot_a and_o dry_a either_o of_o which_o produce_v much_o hardness_n to_o bring_v forth_o and_o show_v the_o earth_n so_o lie_v to_o be_v good_a for_o little_a or_o no_o profit_n by_o the_o outward_a face_n and_o character_n as_o when_o you_o see_v instead_o of_o grass_n which_o shall_v be_v green_a flowery_a and_o thick_o grow_v a_o pale_a thin_a mossy_a substance_n cover_v the_o earth_n as_o most_o common_o be_v upon_o all_o high_a planes_n heathe_n down_n and_o such_o like_a or_o when_o you_o see_v the_o ground_n cover_v with_o heath_n ling_n broome_n braken_n gorsse_n or_o such_o like_a they_o be_v most_o apparent_a sign_n of_o infinite_a great_a barrenness_n as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o many_o moor_n forest_n and_o other_o wild_a and_o woody_a place_n and_o of_o these_o unfertill_a place_n you_o shall_v understand_v that_o it_o be_v the_o clay_n ground_n which_o for_o the_o most_o part_n bring_v forth_o the_o moss_n the_o broom_n the_o gorsse_n and_o such_o like_a the_o sand_n which_o bring_v forth_o brake_n ling_n heath_n and_o the_o mix●…_n earth_n which_o utter_v whynnes_n briar_n and_o a_o world_n of_o such_o like_a unnatural_a and_o bastardly_a issue_n thus_o have_v a_o true_a knowledge_n of_o the_o nature_n and_o condition_n of_o your_o ground_n you_o shall_v then_o proceed_v to_o the_o order_n eare_v and_o dress_v of_o the_o same_o whereby_o it_o may_v not_o only_o be_v

with_o fresh_a sand_n you_o shall_v sow_v three_o bushel_n of_o bay-salt_n and_o then_o plough_v up_o again_o the_o earth_n sand_n and_o salt_n together_o which_o will_v be_v do_v about_o thelatter_v end_n of_o the_o year_n as_o after_o michaelmas_n and_o so_o let_v the_o ground_n rest_n till_o seed_v time_n at_o which_o time_n you_o shall_v first_o before_o you_o plough_v it_o go_v down_o to_o the_o low_a rock_n on_o which_o the_o sea_n beat_v and_o from_o thence_o with_o drag_n and_o other_o engine_n gather_v those_o broad_a leave_a black_a weed_n which_o be_v call_v orewood_n and_o grow_v in_o great_a tufc_n and_o abundance_n about_o the_o shore_n and_o these_o weed_n you_o shall_v bring_v to_o your_o hemp-land_n and_o cover_v it_o all_o over_o with_o the_o same_o and_o then_o you_o shall_v plough_v it_o again_o bury_v the_o weed_n within_o the_o earth_n and_o herein_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o in_o any_o wise_a you_o must_v lay_v these_o weed_n as_o wet_v upon_o the_o land_n as_o when_o you_o bring_v they_o out_o of_o the_o sea_n provide_v still_o that_o you_o add_v no_o other_o wet_a unto_o they_o but_o the_o salt_n water_n for_o so_o they_o be_v of_o all_o soil_n or_o meanure_n whatsoever_o the_o only_a best_o and_o most_o fruitfull_a and_o most_o especial_o for_o these_o seed_n and_o breed_v a_o increase_n beyond_o expectation_n when_o you_o have_v thus_o plough_v over_o the_o ground_n you_o shall_v then_o back_o it_o again_o then_o sow_v it_o with_o either_o hemp_n or_o flax_n seed_n which_o you_o please_v and_o after_o it_o be_v so_o sow_v you_o shall_v then_o harrow_v it_o and_o not_o before_o and_o you_o shall_v be_v careful_a to_o harrow_n it_o into_o as_o fine_a mould_n as_o you_o can_v and_o this_o mould_n be_v likely_a to_o run_v fine_a enough_o as_o well_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o fertility_n as_o also_o of_o the_o mixture_n yet_o what_o clotte_n you_o can_v break_v with_o your_o harrow_n those_o you_o shall_v break_v with_o your_o clot_a beetle_n and_o such_o like_a tool_n then_o after_o the_o first_o great_a shower_n which_o shall_v fall_v after_o your_o sow_v you_o shall_v run_v over_o your_o land_n thus_o sow_v with_o your_o back_n harrow_n that_o be_v with_o a_o pair_n of_o large_a harrow_n the_o wrong_a side_n turn_v upward_o to_o wit_n the_o tooth_n turn_v from_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o back_n towards_o the_o earth_n and_o if_o need_v be_v you_o shall_v lay_v upon_o the_o harrow_n some_o indifferent_a heavy_a piece_n of_o wood_n which_o may_v keep_v the_o back_n of_o the_o harrow_n close_o to_o the_o ground_n and_o so_o go_v over_o all_o the_o earth_n and_o lay_v it_o as_o smooth_a and_o light_a as_o be_v possible_a without_o leave_v the_o small_a clot_n that_o may_v be_v unbroken_a now_o if_o the_o ground_n be_v sow_v with_o hemp_n you_o 〈◊〉_d shall_v not_o think_v of_o weed_n it_o at_o all_o because_o hemp_n be_v so_o swift_a a_o grower_n and_o such_o a_o poison_n unto_o all_o weed_n that_o it_o over-runneth_a choke_v and_o destroy_v they_o but_o if_o it_o be_v sow_v with_o flax_n or_o line_n which_o be_v a_o much_o tender_a seed_n and_o bring_v forth_o more_o tender_a leaf_n and_o branch_n than_o you_o shall_v watch_v what_o weed_n you_o see_v spring_n up_o and_o in_o their_o first_o growth_n pluck_v they_o up_o and_o cast_v they_o away_o till_o you_o behold_v your_o flax_n or_o line_n to_o be_v grow_v above_o the_o weed_n and_o then_o you_o may_v let_v it_o alone_o also_o for_o after_o it_o have_v once_o get_v height_n it_o will_v not_o be_v overgrow_v with_o weed_n now_o touch_v the_o other_o soil_n which_o through_o the_o extreme_a barrenness_n thereof_o refuse_v to_o bring_v forth_o etc._n any_o good_a fruit_n at_o all_o you_o shall_v in_o all_o point_n dress_v it_o as_o you_o dress_v your_o plain_n caly_v describe_v in_o the_o second_o chapter_n of_o this_o book_n begin_v at_o the_o same_o time_n of_o the_o year_n that_o be_v then_o appoint_v or_o if_o more_o necessary_a occasion_n hold_v you_o if_o you_o begin_v latter_a it_o shall_v not_o be_v amiss_o and_o then_o at_o michaelmas_n you_o shall_v plough_v it_o over_o the_o second_o time_n and_o manure_n it_o with_o the_o sea_n weed_n and_o so_o let_v it_o lie_v at_o rest_n until_o march_v which_o be_v seedtime_n and_o then_o plough_v it_o again_o and_o manure_n it_o with_o the_o sea_n weed_v again_o and_o after_o the_o plough_v you_o shall_v hack_v it_o and_o if_o in_o the_o hack_n you_o find_v the_o earth_n stiff_a and_o tough_a than_o you_o shall_v harrow_v it_o before_o you_o sow_v it_o then_o fow_v it_o and_o harrow_v it_o again_o break_v the_o earth_n so_o small_a and_o lay_v it_o so_o smooth_a as_o possible_a you_o can_v use_v the_o help_n both_o of_o the_o clot_a beetle_n and_o all_o other_o tool_n which_o may_v be_v available_a for_o the_o break_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o make_v the_o mould_n as_o fine_a as_o any_o ash_n then_o after_o the_o first_o great_a shower_n of_o rain_n perceive_v the_o ground_n to_o be_v well_o moisten_a you_o shall_v instead_o of_o the_o back_n harrow_n which_o upon_o this_o earth_n may_v be_v to_o light_n take_v the_o great_a rouler_n which_o be_v describe_v in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o english_a husbandman_n be_v a_o great_a round_a piece_n of_o timber_n of_o many_o square_n draw_v either_o by_o horse_n or_o ox_n but_o a_o single_a horse_n be_v the_o best_a both_o in_o respect_n of_o much_o tread_v the_o ground_n as_o also_o for_o the_o swift_a go_v away_o or_o draw_v of_o the_o same_o for_o the_o swift_a it_o be_v draw_v the_o better_a it_o break_v the_o ground_n and_o the_o light_a it_o leave_v the_o mould_n and_o with_o this_o rouler_n you_o shall_v run_v over_o and_o smooth_v your_o ground_n very_o well_o leave_v no_o clot_n unbroken_a and_o so_o let_v it_o rest_v as_o for_o the_o weed_n of_o this_o ground_n you_o shall_v not_o respect_v weed_n it_o at_o all_o for_o natural_o it_o will_v put_v up_o no_o weed_n the_o very_a ground_n of_o itself_o be_v a_o very_a great_a enemy_n thereunto_o nor_o shall_v you_o need_v to_o dress_v this_o ground_n in_o the_o form_n beforesaid_a above_o once_o in_o eight_o or_o ten_o year_n only_o every_o seedtime_n when_o you_o plough_v it_o as_o you_o shall_v not_o need_v to_o plough_v it_o at_o any_o time_n but_o seedtime_n only_o you_o shall_v before_o the_o plow_a cover_n or_o manure_n the_o land_n with_o the_o sea_n weed_v before_o speak_v of_o which_o will_v give_v strength_n enough_o to_o the_o ground_n without_o any_o other_o assistance_n and_o thus_o much_o touch_v the_o enrich_n plow_a and_o dress_v of_o all_o manuer_n of_o barren_a earth_n of_o what_o nature_n or_o quality_n soever_o whereon_o you_o will_v sow_v hemp_n or_o flax_n chap._n xii_o the_o manner_n of_o stack_v of_o all_o kind_n of_o grain_n or_o pulse_n with_o great_a safety_n and_o least_o loss_n in_o these_o barren_a and_o hard_a country_n of_o which_o i_o have_v former_o write_v all_o sort_n of_o building_n be_v exceed_o costly_a and_o scarce_o both_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o clime_n which_o be_v common_o most_o extreme_a cold_a mountainous_a and_o much_o subi●…ct_n to_o storm_n and_o tempest_n as_o also_o through_o the_o great_a want_n of_o wood_n and_o timber_n which_o in_o those_o hard_a soil_n do_v hardly_o or_o never_o prosper_v and_o therefore_o in_o such_o place_n building_n must_v be_v both_o small_a and_o dear_a so_o that_o it_o will_v be_v very_o hard_a for_o the_o hnsbandman_n to_o have_v houseroom_n for_o all_o his_o corn_n but_o that_o of_o necessity_n he_o must_v be_v enforce_v to_o stacke_n much_o or_o the_o most_o part_n of_o his_o corn_n without_o the_o dorc_n which_o albeit_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n very_o usual_a in_o this_o kingdom_n yet_o be_v it_o in_o many_o place_n so_o insufficient_o do_v that_o the_o loss_n which_o redound_v thereby_o partly_o by_o the_o moisture_n of_o the_o ground_n which_o common_o do_v rot_v and_o spoil_v at_o least_o a_o yard_n thickness_n of_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o stacke_n next_o the_o ground_n and_o partly_o through_o mouse_n rat_n and_o other_o vermin_n which_o breed_v in_o the_o stacke_n do_v eat_v and_o devour_v a_o great_a part_n thereof_o as_o also_o through_o many_o such_o like_a negligent_a cause_n be_v great_a than_o a_o good_a husband_n may_v with_o his_o credit_n be_v guilty_a of_o or_o a_o profitable_a husband_n will_v by_o any_o mean_n suffer_v to_o be_v los●…_n so_o negligent_o to_o show_v then_o the_o manne●…_n how_o to_o stacke_n or_o moow_v your_o corn_n without_o the_o door_n in_o such_o sort_n as_o neither_o the_o ground_n shall_v rot_v it_o nor_o these_o vermin_v destroy_v it_o nor_o any_o other_o loss_n come_v to_o

all_o errable_a toil_n will_v begin_v at_o latter_a season_n and_o the_o plough_n and_o instrument_n will_v be_v of_o middle_a size_n and_o indifferent_a timber_n and_o the_o labour_n somewhat_o less_o than_o the_o other_o but_o the_o light_a sandy_a ground_n which_o have_v also_o a_o certain_a natural_a fruitfulness_n in_o they_o as_o in_o norfolk_n suffolk_n most_o part_n of_o lincolnshire_n hampshire_n surry_n and_o country_n of_o that_o nature_n all_o errable_a toil_n will_v begin_v at_o the_o late_a season_n and_o the_o plough_n and_o instrument_n will_v be_v of_o the_o small_a and_o light_a size_n and_o of_o the_o least_o timber_n and_o the_o labour_n of_o all_o other_o be_v most_o easy_a last_o for_o the_o barren_a and_o unfruitful_a carthes_n of_o which_o only_o i_o have_v write_v of_o in_o this_o book_n as_o be_v devonshire_n cornwall_n many_o part_n of_o wales_n darbyshire_n lancashire_n cheshire_n yorkshire_n and_o many_o other_o like_a or_o worse_o than_o they_o the_o errable_a toil_n will_v have_v certain_a set_v time_n or_o sit_v season_n of_o the_o year_n but_o only_o according_a to_o the_o temperatnes_n of_o the_o year_n which_o if_o it_o happen_v early_o than_o you_o must_v begin_v your_o labour_n early_o but_o if_o it_o fall_v low_a in_o the_o year_n than_o you_o must_v begin_v your_o labour_n at_o late_a season_n and_o for_o your_o plough_n and_o instrument_n they_o must_v not_o keep_v any_o certain_a proportion_n but_o be_v frame_v ever_o according_a unto_o the_o ground_n the_o strong_a and_o stiff_a ground_n have_v ever_o the_o strong_a and_o large_a plough_n with_o instrument_n of_o like_a kind_n and_o the_o light_a and_o more_o easy_a earth_n a_o plough_n and_o instrument_n of_o more_o easy_a substance_n as_o for_o the_o labour_n it_o must_v be_v such_o and_o no_o other_o than_o that_o which_o have_v be_v already_o declare_v in_o this_o book_n and_o hence_o it_o come_v that_o the_o office_n and_o duty_n of_o every_o office_n skilful_a ploughman_n or_o carter_n be_v first_o to_o look_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o earth_n next_o to_o the_o season_n of_o the_o year_n then_o to_o the_o custom_n and_o fashion_n of_o the_o place_n wherein_o he_o live_v which_o custom_n although_o they_o be_v hold_v as_o second_v nature_n among_o we_o and_o that_o the_o best_a reason_n of_o the_o best_a workman_n common_o be_v that_o thus_o i_o do_v because_o thus_o they_o do_v yet_o will_v i_o wish_v no_o man_n to_o bind_v himself_o more_o strict_o to_o custom_n than_o the_o discourse_n of_o reason_n shall_v be_v his_o warrant_n and_o as_o i_o will_v not_o have_v he_o to_o preiudicat_fw-la in_o his_o own_o opinion_n so_o i_o will_v not_o have_v he_o too_o great_a a_o slave_n to_o other_o man_n tradition_n but_o stard_n upon_o the_o ground_n of_o reason_n make_v good_a by_o experience_n i_o will_v ever_o have_v he_o profit_v in_o his_o own_o judgement_n now_o of_o these_o matter_n i_o have_v write_v sufficient_a both_o in_o this_o book_n and_o in_o my_o former_a and_o also_o for_o the_o election_n order_v temper_v and_o make_v of_o all_o sort_n of_o plough_n or_o plough_v iron_n together_o with_o the_o team_n dranght_n and_o other_o advantage_n of_o which_o whosoever_o be_v ignotant_n let_v he_o look_v into_o the_o english_a husbandman_n and_o he_o may_v be_v satisfy_v now_o the_o further_a office_n and_o duty_n of_o the_o husbandman_n be_v with_o great_a care_n and_o diligence_n to_o respect_n in_o what_o sort_n or_o fashion_n to_o plough_v his_o ground_n for_o although_o i_o have_v in_o the_o former_a chapter_n show_v how_o he_o shall_v lay_v his_o furrow_n what_o depth_n he_o shall_v plough_v they_o and_o how_o he_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o raise_v and_o gain_v the_o great_a store_n of_o mould_n yet_o be_v there_o also_o another_o consideration_n to_o be_v have_v no_o less_o profitable_a to_o the_o husbandman_n than_o any_o of_o the_o former_a and_o that_o be_v how_o to_o lay_v your_o land_n best_a for_o your_o own_o profit_n &_o ease_n as_o also_o the_o ease_n of_o your_o cattle_n which_o shall_v draw_v within_o your_o draught_n as_o thus_o for_o instance_n if_o your_o erable_a land_n shall_v lie_v against_o the_o srde_n of_o any_o steep_a or_o mountainous_a high_a hill_n as_o for_o the_o most_o part_n all_o barren_a earth_n do_v if_o then_o you_o shall_v plough_v such_o land_n direct_o against_o the_o hill_n begin_v below_o and_o so_o ascend_v straight_o upright_o and_o so_o down_o again_o and_o up_o again_o this_o very_a labour_n and_o toil_a against_o the_o hill_n wilbreed_a such_o a_o bitter_a wearisomeness_n to_o the_o cattle_n and_o such_o a_o discouragement_n that_o you_o shall_v not_o be_v able_a to_o compass_v one_o half_a part_n of_o your_o labour_n beside_o the_o danger_n of_o over-heating_a and_o surfeit_v of_o your_o beast_n whence_o will_v spring_v many_o mortal_a disease_n therefore_o when_o you_o shall_v plough_v any_o such_o ground_n be_v sure_a ever_o to_o plough_v it_o sideways_o overthwart_a the_o hill_n where_o your_o beast_n may_v ever_o tread_v on_o the_o level_a ground_n and_o never_o direct_o up_o and_o down_o so_o shall_v your_o cattle_n be_v better_a able_a to_o endure_v the_o draught_n and_o you_o with_o much_o case_n and_o comfort_n be_v able_a to_o compass_v and_o finish_v your_o labour_n beside_o the_o compass_n and_o manure_n which_o you_o shall_v lay_v upon_o the_o ground_n shall_v not_o be_v so_o soon_o wash_v away_o from_o the_o top_n or_o upper_a part_n of_o the_o ground_n because_o the_o furrow_n not_o lie_v straight_o down_o in_o a_o even_a and_o direct_a descent_n but_o turn_v crossewise_a upward_o against_o the_o hill_n it_o must_v necessary_o hold_v the_o soil_n within_o it_o and_o not_o let_v it_o wash_v away_o as_o it_o be_v through_o liberal_a channel_n as_o i_o have_v oft_o see_v in_o diverse_a place_n where_o the_o corn_n have_v be_v as_o rank_n as_o may_v be_v at_o the_o bottom_n and_o not_o any_o grow_n at_o the_o 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