matter which by these thrée poyntes thou mayst easely quickly discusse as it were at the first sight and those are Colour the coÌ„sideratioÌ„ and assay of their hardnes and the medullous substaunce that inwardly annoynâ—… them which one thyng especially sayth Collumbus distinguisheth and differeth Cartilages from bones for that the Cartilage altogether and by the iudgement of all men is destitute of any marey And by all those iij. thou shalt proue this description very true wherfore if at any thyng thou standest at a maruaile let it be at this I wil be thy mate that Galen and chiesly that worthy Vesalius haue not marked it for therin neither of them may be excused since eueÌ„ in Apes which Galen most dissected it is to be found bonney as ColluÌ„bus affirmeth And Vesalius prosessyng the propper description of maÌ„s body hath neuerthelesse as it séemeth neglected wholy the substaunce of this part yet that he sought the La rinx hoth of man woman greatly appeareth by that he proueth the Shieldlike bone which he calleth Scutiformis Cartilago to beare out in meÌ„ more in greater fourme theÌ„ in womeÌ„ Agayne who would iudge but that he vsed so much diligeÌ„ce as to discerne the difference betwixt the Larinx of man beastes therfore would describe the right not the other And yet Col. wherfore I cannot a litle maruaile writeth that Vesa neglected the body of maÌ„ for this part Larinx dissected it of custome in beastes yea and y in publicke Theaters wherat he testifieth him selfe oft times to haue bene present but of this perhaps to much onely y nature in her works be not falsified which be euery where so woÌ„derful iust true ANd that no where in all the partes of mans body more exactly and clearely manifest vnto vs then in the backe the coÌ„structioÌ„ wherof is not so maruailous as laudable to the high Parent Progenitor of all thynges Wherfore before I go forth to describe the singular parts therof it shal not be onely more pleasaunt but also profitable vnto thée geÌ„tle Reader first to coÌ„prehend in the depth of thy cogitation a generall suÌ„me brief discourse of the creatioÌ„ therof which thou shalt note to be of the GreciaÌ„s nominated 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Latins Dorsum or Spina which our English phrase termeth the backe which vnto y trunke of y body is of right a fouÌ„dation coÌ„parable to the belly or ridgbeame of a shyp or boate whereunto the chief studdes or postes of the frame worke are mortised No lesse néedfull to the life of man is the straunge construction of the backe wherby the true ambulatiue motion of the body is obteyned forewardes backwardes rounde or laterall reflection admitted straight or vpright station not denyed All whiche we haue by the benefite of the backe nay rather for that the backe is construed of Vertebres or Spondilles most exquisitely Which beyng also together mutually concaued make in them selues by strict Coarticulation the closse Cloysture and safe Gallery for the Spinall marey which the Grecians cal 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which to haue bene created was most néedfull neither could it ootherwhere more securely haue inhabited To proue it most needfull vnto the body as euery where we haue professed note this short Allegation for we say if it had not bene one of these ij inconueniences must necessarily haue hapned Either all the partes of the body vnder the head to haue remayned vnmoueable or elles to euery part of them Nerues from the brayne should haue bene deduced But if all the partes as is sayd had bene frustrated of motion then had the body bene rather as an Image pictured of clay or stone then a liuyng creature And agayne if a small Nerue procéedyng from the brayne should be deuided and caried into euery part with such long and vnequall distauÌ„ces it could not be that their force in motion should haue bene sufficient nor their continuaunce perdurable Wherefore it was farre better that the Spinall marey as a riuer issuyng from the brayne his fountaine should not onely be elongated after the bodyes trunck but also vnto all the partes as it passeth to send propper Nerucs as the delectable brwkes for féeling and mouyng And surely so it hapneth for y vppermost deriuations seeke not out the nether partes neither yet do the neithermost Nerues exalte themselues to the highest iourney but eche coniugation is aptly produced to the next partes as in perusing the Historie of Nerues you shall easely discerne Sithens that the Spinall marey vnto all the partes beneth the head is as it were an other brayne it is no lesse behoofull that it were strongly enclosed with some hard and resistaunt muniment to repugne all iniuryes offred to so noble a part Wherfore to commit the same to the tuition of the Spinall bones nature not rashly hath decréed exculpyng and grauyng in their substaunces fit holes for the descense therof and for that cause is the backe of man conslate and made of so many bones for the more safe kéeping of the marey to fulfill with more facillitie that maner of euery motion wherof to the neither partes that which they conteyne is the immediate fountaine Besides all this the Spinall marey could not endure euery angular flextion nor euery large and sodayne motion but if the backe should haue bene made of large and lose ioyntes neither might they haue moued without great greuaunce and hurt for a Coarticulation made of long bones is for the cause of a large mouyng which in such a place is requisite but here consideryng what is conteined it was far more expedient that many should be their number to euery which a litle motion should appertaine so that euery one of them styrring a litle of necessitie by that tyme all haue done their duety the motion is sufficient large and also easie therfore so rather then two or iij. bones reason requireth sor by that number we sée by example in the Armes and Legges the slextion is made Angular and not Circular that is to say cornered and not compassed so that if the backe had bene in like maner I meane of ij or iij. bones construed and combinated great hurt ruption contusion and continuall compression of the Spinall marey must néedes haue bene procured by the dayly motion of such few bones so outragiously vrged Neither can we otherwise coÌ„iecture but that the small number of Bones should offer ouer readyly occasion vpon euery light motion to be dislocated or rather Luxated which would furthermore procure great perill of lyfe the which kynde of Luxation that diuine Hypocrates well notyng writeth thus in his booke De Articulis If many Vertebres do fortune at once to be out of order or displaced it will be very tedious and
worshipped And now returnyng to you agayne most Godly gouernours for whose sakes I was most encouraged to perseuer in this enterprise consideryng your Godly affection towardes me heretofore and that it hath euer pleased you to esteeme of me farre more then the vttermost of my power at any tyme may merite I thought it not onely the office of pietie by this meanes to pricke foreward the myndes of some of the learned sort but also to commit this vnto you as a pledge of my vnfeyned zeale to the Arte of Chirurgerie and consequently to you the chief pillours thereof in this Realme which beyng thankefully receiued of your gratefull hartes may testifie for me that inwardly I wishe whiche outwardly I am not able to manifest Haue now therfore this History of Man picked from the plenty of the most noble Anathomistes aboue named wherein I haue earnestly though rudely endeuoured to set wyde open the closet doore of natures secretes whereinto euery Godly Artist may safely enter to see clearely all the partes and notable deuises of nature in the body of man From the Female and that as I suppose for sundry good considerations I haue wholly abstained my pēne least shunnyng Charibdis I should fall into Scylla headlong No more but vouchsafe to accept Sinaetes faythfull offer and protect this handfull of water from the pollution of straunge beastes Farewell from Nottingham ⧠THE PROEME TYme the generall rust of the world which weareth eateth consumeth and perforateth all thynges hath denied that the preceptes of the deuine parentes and progenitours of Phisicke should for euermore remaine insoluble or free from all future chaūge els what should withstand wherby the workes of Hipocrates and Galene should not suffice all posterities that come after For what thyng notable haue they not noted what secret so daintie that they haue not vncouered yea what misterie so couert the doore wherof they haue not opened And yet notwithstandyng these deuine Oracles haue not taken from posteritie all occasion to write neither shall the bookes which hitherto are written do the like to those that come after But ech age hath his tyme eche nation his nature and ech nature his property Albeit this excellencie we ascribe to Hipocrates and Galen that neuer any hath bene their equals and that from their fountaines flow the springyng streames that nourishe Phisicke for euer So that what good thing soeuer we haue or atcheiue we are to consecrate the same vnto their honor and prayse and what worke soeuer is published if the same be worth the reading we owe it wholly vnto them What thē you will say is the cause that their workes suffer in these dayes such sundry contradictions especially in the partes of mans body It is aunswered a litle before how that tyme natures and nations must be respected For first that the magnitude of our body is greatly diminished it is a thing in readynes to euery man not onely by the authoritie of auncient writers but also that dayly and as I suppose throughout the world the stature of mā in all pointes decreaseth especially in those regions wheras matrimonie is ouer liberally before the iust age permitted Who is so ignoraunt to whom the Scriptures haue not ere now testified how much longer then in these dayes the age of mā hath bene in times past how aboundantly do our bodies testisie how sondry of the inner partes both in magnitude number figure and situation do differ from those in others of other regions neither are the same in all our bodies in these dayes as in elder time the auncient Anathomistes most commōly obserued do not their writynges and our bodies make it manifest to all liuing but towhat end that it might not seeme to vs incredible that in men of euery region like as in beastes yea in the plantes them selues is either some thyng peculiar from others or els some certaine mutation from the sirst nature to haue chaunced As to come first to the exāples of beastes In Ciria the sheepe haue tayles a cubite broad and the goates eares ix intches in length What meruaile is it when as the ramme and the ewe whiche both in Affrica beare hornes in Pontus a prouince of Scythia to haue therfore none at all As other where sheepe so in Cilicia goates are clipped The oxen sheepe hartes and such others are greater in Aegipt then in Greece but for that the dogges wolues foxes hares and hawkes are greater in Greece thē in Aegipt Oxē in Scythia through cold possesse no hornes Oxen in Phrygia haue hornes that are mouable The Isle Ithaca is destitute of a hare like as the field called Ager Lebadicus of a moule and Sardinia of a wolfe If histories be to be beleued then these are true if not what do we with auncient testimonies why credite we thynges written or beleue any thyng to be true which our owne eyes haue not witnessed vnto vs yea let vs reiect the monumentes of our elders detract their doynges and wholy obliterate their writynges And if the bookes of Aristotle Plinie and others most famous Historiographers be worthy to be opened thē are beastes in Asia all more cruell in Europe more stronger and in Aphrica more diuersly fourmed But to speake more appertinēt to the body of man these aforesayd varieties obserued of auncient writers arguyng onely vnto vs that as beastes are bred diuersly in eche nation and accordyng to the nature therof so to be in men some dissimilitude by the same reason was not denied Euery one knoweth that the Moores haue onely white teeth but blacke skinne and nayles But it is not a thyng so commō that they and also the inhabitantes of such hoate countreys are without seames in their Sculs which with vs is a thyng somuch approued But omittyng those natiōs which differ a litle amōg thē selues let vs come to those which more manifestly vary in figure In Asia are a people named Macrocephali hauing very long heades though first of custome then after of nature of custome because they kept the compressed heades of their children swathed so till some consistence of yeares grew on them which thyng afterward made their children beget the like though in tract of tyme and through their negligence nature amēded that fault The people called Phasiani inhabityng a marish ground and rayny region are in figure from other men very diuers as of mighty stature and marueilous corpulēt so that neither veynes nor ioyntes are in them apparaunt alway bearing a yellow colour like persons afflicted with the iaundes and in voyce most base and terrible It is straūge to vs that womē haue beardes albeit not so euery where for in Caria it is a thyng familiar whereas some of them beyng a while frutefull but after widowes and for that suppressed of naturall course put on virilitie being then bearded hoarie and chaūged in voyce Shall it be counted a fable that toucheth the transformation of one
as a stabiliment vnto the ribbes which Orbicularly effourme fashion the amplitude largenes of the brest But Mucronata Cartilago sayth Realdus is principally a propugnacle vnto Septum transuersum which in that place is much of sinewye or tendinous substaunce whereby it commeth to passe that by the vicinitie it hath with Septum transuersum and the same Diaphragma with Pericardon whiche is the Inuolucre of the hart and so consequently with the hart a wound that penetrateth the same Cartilage and hurteth the midrefe induceth death most commonly as more at large we haue declared other where AS touchyng the Ossicle or litle bone conteined within the hart although it pleaseth Collumbus vtterly to disdayne the description therof and lesse to beleue any such matter deridyng the authoritie of Galen somuch in that behalfe yet as tract of tyme the naturall nourse experiēce teacheth the paynfull Artiste y ready way out of the doores of darknes euē so truth like vnto the flames of fire beyng neuer so couered damped for a space findeth yssue at length on one side or other so is clearely apparaunt to all beholders I meane not hereby to repugne altogether the doctrine of so worthy a man whose knowledge rare experiēce as I ought so I honour but rather with such cōiecture as standeth both with experiēce sufficiēt probabilitie to stand forth in the middest Galen sayth in his vij De Vsu partium that in the foundation of the hart about the rootes of Arteria aorta the Arteriall Veines of their Membrans is found a certaine Ossicle which is not playnly a bone but like a Cartilage but the greater that the creature is the more also doth that Cartilage degenerate into Ossie substaunce Hereby is signified that Galen meant not in the hart onely of Man that a bone might be founde who is nothyng neare the quantitie of such creatures as he dissected for that purpose after the inuention therof as at Rome he foūd it in an Elephāt he forbiddeth vs to call it simply a bone or an Ossie Cartilage but a Cartilaginous bone And notwitstandyng that he sought the same in other creatures then man yet I cannot thinke that he simply ascribed the same vnto the body of Man onely of imagination But as he sayd as touchyng beastes the greater they be of bodyes the more also c. so I vnderstand his meanyng as touchyng men not so much as their bodyes differ in quantitie but rather thus the elder that the body is especially after the ripenes of yeares the more manifestly also doth the same Cartilage become harder of substaūce so that in men full of dayes such decrepittes as old age hath long arrested we may finde as Galen sayth this Cartilaginous bone at the rootes and Membrans of the sayd Arteries and Arteriall Veyne as it were a staffe or stay vnto them and a stabiliment to the whole body of the hart in the debilitie of yeares and that with great perspicuitie Doth not Collumbus himselfe in his vij booke entreatyng of the hart and Arteries confesse that in the place before mentioned doth grow a Cartilaginous substaunce Whiche by his wordes in his xxj chapiter of bones he graunteth to be a firmament and ground to the rootes of the same Arterie and Arteriall Veyne And who doubteth but as age taketh away Appendances driueth out Seames hydeth Commissures and in diuers places of the body transformeth Gristels vnto bones soft substaunce into harder so likewise this in the hart degenerateth from the nature of a simple Cartilage into a Cartilaginous bone And that I séeme not to runne altogether headlōg vpon coniecture I make it knowne vnto you that the sight of myne owne eyes haue testified in dissectyng the body of an old Gentleman of great worshyp and famous autiquitie in Lincolneshyre Anno Do. 1574. Whilest imitatyng the mynde of Galen I opened the least Vētricle of the hart searched to the roote of Aorta I easely discouered the thyng wherfore I sought findyng there the Cartilage fastened to the Mēbrans of the aforesayd vessels become vpwardes playnly of Ossie substaunce the length of iij. Barley cornes at the neither end gristelly the lēgth of one whereto was fastened the rootes of the great Arterie named Aorta the Arteriall Veyne with their Membrās And this Cartilaginous bone I willyngly separated frō the body of the hart in opē sight of the worshipfull the old Gentleman his aliaūce frendes who I suppose haue as yet reserued it Thus gentle Reader thou hast to determine of the bone in the hart not that I will haue it found as generally as other bones in euery age but that I would not neglect the description therof for thy easier vnderstanding wheresoeuer thou shalt happen to inuent the like NOw it followeth to speake of the shoulder blades which the Gréekes call 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and somewhiles simple 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 but the Latins most commonly Scapulae are two in nūber that is to say on ech side one and are sited towardes the toppe and posteriour region of the brest being bound also by the interuenture of Muscles to Occiput to the Vertebres of the necke and brest and to the bone Hyoides so likewise cleauyng to the vppermost ribbes behynd do serue as propper propugnacles to defend the backe and giue strong repulse to all outward iniuries offred therto the whiche part in déede of the backe is more in the way of outward damages and stroakes then any other wherefore the shoulder blades are made after a defensiue fourme beyng inwardly towardes the ribbes concaued and hollow but outwardly prominent and puttyng forth a strong ridge like the rising of a hill or rocke vnto the súperiour part not a litle to the augmenting of their validitie And besides those partes before named who seeth not how the shoulder blades are most firmely Articulated to the Canell bones and shoulders to the Vertebres of the brest necke Hyoides Occiput ribbes their Muscles wherby in déede appeareth how necessary is their cōstruction since not onely they defend the hinder partes but also admitte the insertion due growyng and rising of Muscles Their fashiō is after a Triangular maner although not equally sided or squared For the vpper part is a great deale shorter then the other two which goyng downwardes do end at an obtused and blunt corner And this obtused corner is that part which Collumbus supposeth most worthy to be called the seate or foundation of the shoulder blade Albeit Vesalius iudgeth it to be that side of Scapula that reacheth down after the longitude of the backe next to the Spinall Processes of the pectorall Vertebres But briefly these bones are endewed with thrée notable productions or Processes whereof the first beyng likewise shortest hath a broad
discoursed among the spirituall members but likewise to the rootes of the ribbes agayne sendyng an other litle Nerue to the right side of the lunges the rest discendeth beyng fastned to Aesophagus downe to the vpper Orifice of the ventricle THe left recurrent Nerue departyng from the place where it begynneth yeldeth litle braunches vnto the same Muscles that the right did and descendeth likewise in the same sort and in the region of the left Canell bone sendeth brauÌ„ches to the pannicle Pleura to the rootes of the ribbes and to the left side of the lunges Then further discendeth till it almost touch the greater braunche of the Arterie Aorta In which place it sendeth forth a Nerue which vnder this Arterie is restâ—…ed and after turneth it selfe agayne vpwardes towardes his originall and fountaine cleauyng as by the right is sayd to Aspera arteria thence forth entryng in betwene the Bone that is not named and that which representeth a shield in the inner part of Larinx and so entreth into the organ of voyce These are the noble Nerues which sayth Galen are endewed with the vertue of fourmyng the speach and are besides therfore called Vocales nerui Whose offices and vses are to much neglected to litle amongest other thyngs knowen for although few in comparison of the rest suppose in them to be conteined the propper power of vocall vertue yet to their great admiration if they willyngly dissect a liuyng dogge they shall proue it playne and very truth for by diuidyng one of them you shall finde him maimed of his voyce but hurt them both in that order and he shal be domme for euer after To this I must néedes subscribe for often haue I of purpose proued it beyng so playne and a part to all that behold it as that no doubtfull question can grow therof Notwithstandyng that some will scarse beleue their owne eyes Galen was the first that inuented these reuersiue nerues albeit he could not satisfie him selfe in the reason wherefore nature did not conuert the left recurrent nerue to the left Axillaris Arteria when as from the left recurrent sinewe an other litle 〈◊〉 spryngeth which followyng the rootes of the great Arterie is distributed through the coate of the hart but pearseth not the substaunce thereof for the litlenes of it And this is sayth Collumbus the true cause why nature reflected the left reuâ—…ue nerue vnder the great Arterie and not vnder the Arterie of the armehole on that side as the right reuersiue nerue is sayd to haue done on the other side Whereat I sayd Galen stode much amased neither could sufficiently satisfie him selfe in the reason therof as appeareth in his vij booke De vsu partium But by this it séemeth that nature aswell as to create these notable partes had care to place them from all easie annoyances as appeareth by this nerue lately recited which is otherwise reflected then the right recurrent least it beyng so very 〈◊〉 in the mouynges of the hart so continually should happen in the tyme of breathyng to be broken What portion that remaineth of this recurrent nerue descendeth along Aesâ—…gus downe to the vpper Orifice of the Uentricle But assoone as the right 〈◊〉 nerue and the leâ—… are come to the same vpper Orifice of the Uentricle they are straight way deuided into many litle Nerues like nettes and thus do imbrace the vpper Orifice aforesayd Which are the cause in griefes paynes of the mouth of the ventricle that the hart it selfe is thought to ake And this disease is called Cardiacus dolor Then agayne the right from this part departyng stretcheth forth to the Membran that inuolueth the liuer and an other part also to the vessicle of choler an other to the left kidney and to the vpper part of OmeÌ„tum Besides all the brauÌ„ches that it committes to Mesenterium After the same maner the left recurrent nerue is braunched to the splene to the neither part of Omentum to the left reyne and to the bladder And in men thus end the recurrent nerues But in women after all these places they passe further vnto the wombe or matrice NOw to describe the vij payre or coniugation of sinewes whose rising is more toward the hinder part of the head but from the brayne not from Cerebellum as Galen would with many small rootes whereto is dedicated a proper hole sited after an oblique maner in the aforesayd part or Occiput through which assoone as this hath made egresse it sheweth it selfe first towardes the Anteriour partes and into many Nerues delated to the Muscles of the toung Hioides and Larinx is deuided Of which the greater runneth vnder the nether iawe and so vnder the toung to the extreme end thereof to make it partaker of sense and mouyng vniuersally But the fourth payre as we haue sayd before is it that bringes the sense of tastyng to the toung and the toung therfore is sayd amongest other giftes to haue the discreÌ„tion of tastyng These vij payre or coniugation of Nerues are all that are remeÌ„bred either of the auncient or later Anathomistes as touchyng the sinewes coniugated froÌ„ the brayne yet Vesalius séemed to smell an other sayth Collumbus but whether it were for that he would not go aside from auncient authorities or otherwise it is not knowne he coÌ„cluded at length that it was in his iudgement the roote of the fift coniugation But Collumbus doubteth not that vnder the seate or foundation of the brayne towardes the fore partes goeth an viij payre which through a proper hole in the bone Sphenoides passeth to the temporall Muscles to the Muscle lurkyng in the mouth called therfore of Galen Latitans and to the thyrd Muscle also of the nether iawe called Masseteres the originall of this beyng distant froÌ„ the fift payre of sinewes sufficient inough BEsides all which we haue hitherto yet sayd in declaryng the originall and distribution of the vij payre of sinewes procéedyng from the brayne and besides also the viij and last spoken of you shall heare the opinion of Realdus who by his often search and diligence doubteth not to proue a ix payre or coniugation of nerues which no man before his tyme euer write or inuented And this is sayth he a slender payre begynnyng at those two foldes or two together Processes of the brayne called Nates Penes Testes These beyng thinne and small walke towardes the face and passe also to the secoÌ„d payre and are scattered into the thyrd Muscle of the eye liddes fitly also braunchyng out to the fift Muscle of the eye In déede as he doubteth lest some or most will not admit his late inuention of these two last payre of Nerues but holdyng them selues more stedfast to the fame of authorities will rather accompt them as the rootes of others so he professeth not to contende therein neither will we pretermit any tyme in
in women 77 N. NAture that is God. 1 Nature her care for the sorme of 〈◊〉 11. made nothyng in vayne 2. 3 her singular industry 8. 15. 19. her marueilous Arte wisedome and prouidence in creation 9. 16. 23. 34. 40. 55. 44. 63. 74. is euery where iust 17. chaungeth by nation and tymes 23. why he placeth the glandules in sondry partes 68 Naturall spirite 98 Nauell the nature therof described 65 Nayles their figure vse handes and originall described 40. their payne 61 Neche what is meant by it in the description of bones 2 Necke what it is the vse motion and vertebres therof 18. 19. the head how tyed vnto it 19. 8. the muscles therof 45. 52. 8. where it is wanting the creatures are dumme 18. the luxation of the vertebres therof 18 Nerue what it is the descriptioÌ„ therof 105. the immediate orgaÌ„ of sence 1. proceede not all froÌ„ the brayne 17 are disseminated into muscles 44 Nerues of the brest 109. of the brayne 106 Nerue opticke why so called 14 Nerue the greatest in all the body 110 Nerue inconsugated described 111 ¶ Nerues looke those partes of the body whereunto they serue Nose the bokes thereof inwardly porie 1. why they seeme to 〈◊〉 4. the partition therof 10. the spongy bones therof eaten with the Spanish disease 12. the holes of the same 19. the muscles therof 45. the Cartilages therof 39. the diuision or hedge therof 101 Nostrels their contraction and dilatation 〈◊〉 the place of the ayre which they draw 9. why 〈◊〉 of 〈◊〉 construction 12. the 〈◊〉 therof why they are shut 39. how they receiue flegme 9 Nourishement the necessitie and instrumentes of it 63. how procured to such pattes as haue no bemes or atteries 1 O. OCciput described 8. the holes therof 15. made of many partes in children 19 Omentum the description therof 67 Opticke nerue why so called 14 Os 〈◊〉 described 36 Os cuneale described 9 Os frontis the cauities therof 15. the description therof 9 Os 〈◊〉 the nature therof described 〈◊〉 Os iugale 9 Os Malae described 11 Os Nauiforme described 36 Os Pubis and Coxendâ—…is 32. their Cartilages 40 39 Os 〈◊〉 the description thereof 22. the Bones thereunto coÌ„mitted described 32. 1. the 〈◊〉 therof 110. is greater then all the other vertebres 18 Osla squammosa what they be and why so called 8 P. PAlate how moystened by flegme 15. 9 Panchreas the description therof 〈◊〉 Pappes why they are in the brest 66 〈◊〉 glandules described 90 Partes 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 1 〈◊〉 the weaker are lesse subiect to perill 8 Partes adiacent nourish one the other hauyng no beynes or arteries 1 Penis the muscles therof 56 Perforations of the bones described 14 Pericardium described 43. 91 〈◊〉 the nature therof described 111. 1. Peritonaeum a membran 43. the description therof 66 〈◊〉 described 90 Philosophy magicke conceruyng the 〈◊〉 37 Pia 〈◊〉 the vse therof to the brayne 99 Plant the want of it how incoâ—…dious 58. it is described 36 Pleura a meÌ„bran 43. clotheth the ribbes on the out side 24. the substaunce vtilitie figure therof described 89 Pleurisie where it hapneth and why with bloudy spettle 90. 91 〈◊〉 moueth both the iawes 11. 47 Pores of the Bones 1. of the 〈◊〉 64 Postbrachiall Bones what their proper motion is 3. their description 29 Pâ—…putium what it is 88 Processe the nature thereof described 2. 3 ¶ Processes of the particular bones looke vnder the particular descriptioÌ„ of bones Processe 〈◊〉 the Etymology therof 9 Processe Ithmoides 12 Processe Odontydes 19 Processe Ancyroidus 25 Processe Acromion 25 Prominence what it 〈◊〉 8 Pubis os described 32 〈◊〉 stone 1 R. RAdius the insertion thereof to the shoulder 27. the descriptioÌ„ therof 21 Reason the habitation therof 6 Rectum the gut described 74 Reynes their substaunce and nature described 82. how they seeme to be payned when it is colon 73 Respiration the originall therof 54 Resurrection the worke therof falsely imputed to bones 37 Rete mirabile 96 Rheume cause of the decay and payne of the teeth 13 Ribbes of the backe and brest described 20. 23. 24. of the loynes 21. of the necke 19. their Cartilages 39. enlarge and draw together 3. as many in man as in woman 23 Ringes gristly described 39 Rotatores what 33. seeme appendaunces 2 Rupture whence it hapneth 55. 67 S. SAcrum os why so called 22. the Cartilages therof 39. the bones therto committed 31 Sagittalis a seame what it is 4. 7 Sauours their dignotion 10. 101 Scaple bones their nature described 25. not hollow 1. haue appendaunces 2. the muscles therof 50. their cauities 26. the woundes therof are deadly 108 Scull the perforations of it 4. the arteries therof 95. the bones and seames therof 4. 7 ¶ Seames looke Sutures Seede where it is contayned 87. the passage therof 84 Seeyng the sence orgaÌ„ substaâ—…ce and nature therof described 102 Seminall vesselles where they are inserted 85. how they passe through 〈◊〉 86. their iourney 32. they are described 55 Seminall beynes described 78. 82 Seminall atteries described 86 Sence the fountaine of it 44. the orgaÌ„ therof 1. how lost in a wound 109. how requisite in man. 101 Sences their natures vse numbeâ—… largely described 101 Sence in the teeth how procured 13. why it is vnder the vaynes 40 Septum transuersum described 35 〈◊〉 are spongy and 〈◊〉 1. falsely sayd not to be subiect to corruptioÌ„ 37 〈◊〉 what it is 34 Shoulder blade the bones therof nuÌ„ber 〈◊〉 vse processes cauities appendaunces described 25. 26. 27. oâ—…ce 〈◊〉 is hardly recouered 40. the Cartilages therof 40 Shoulder bones the motioÌ„ and muscles described 50 〈◊〉 partes what they are 1 〈◊〉 described 8. the bones therof why they seeme to moue 4 Sinewes where they waÌ„t there sence wanteth 1. their coniugation what it requireth 14 Skinne of the body of two sortes 63. their natures described 64 Slepy arterie the hole of it 15 Smellyng the vse nature and ende thereof described 101. the Nerues thereof are not hard 101. how and why taken away 10 Spanish disease 12 Spettle how it hapneth bloudy in the 〈◊〉 91 Sphenoides the bone therof 9 Spinall marey the necessitie of it 17. the nature therof described 18. 106. the nerues therof 100. how nourished 76 Spine how farre it tendeth downewardes 22 Spirites naturall are not begotten in the liuer 75 Spirituall partes described 89 Splene the situation figures and nature therof described 80. onely nourished by excremeÌ„res 75. the veynes therof 81. what veyne is commonly opened for the affectes thereof 77 Standyng straight how it is purchased 33 Staphoides described 36 Stephaneia a seame what it is 47 Steâ—…non the 〈◊〉 bone described 24. 26 the Cartilages therof 39 Stomach the vse coates substaunce thereof described 68. the Muscles therof 52 Stone cutters their errour 16 Styloâ—… the processe 2. 9 Sutura described what it is 4. why they are in the head 6. 7. are conspiâ—… without but