short_a upon_o this_o subject_a he_o do_v not_o so_o much_o as_o spend_v thirty_o verse_n about_o it_o the_o most_o usual_a and_o proper_a way_n for_o poesy_n be_v to_o lay_v down_o these_o piece_n of_o doctrine_n disguise_v under_o the_o allegory_n of_o some_o action_n or_o other_o homer_n do_v this_o often_o in_o some_o physical_a point_n the_o age_n virgil_n live_v in_o oblige_v he_o to_o be_v more_o reserve_v therein_o by_o which_o mean_n he_o have_v more_o example_n of_o lesson_n in_o morality_n we_o have_v say_v something_o already_o about_o this_o in_o the_o first_o book_n and_o shall_v say_v more_o of_o it_o in_o the_o book_n about_o machine_n and_o the_o god_n and_o likewise_o in_o this_o book_n when_o we_o come_v to_o show_v how_o the_o epic_a narration_n ought_v to_o be_v active_a the_o meeting_n of_o council_n may_v be_v reckon_v among_o those_o thing_n which_o make_v the_o narration_n languish_v and_o render_v it_o unpleasant_a quietness_n moderation_n and_o argue_v of_o 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yet_o of_o above_o threescore_o verse_n which_o the_o poet_n spend_v about_o it_o there_o be_v scarce_o five_o calm_a one_o nisus_n and_o young_a euryalus_n that_o be_v introduce_v therein_o make_v the_o rest_n so_o passionate_a that_o this_o passage_n be_v not_o one_o of_o the_o least_o tender_a and_o move_a beauty_n which_o the_o aeneid_n have_v of_o this_o kind_n if_o these_o assembly_n be_v without_o passion_n there_o shall_v be_v little_o say_v in_o they_o and_o no_o body_n contradict_v what_o be_v propose_v these_o incident_n be_v not_o so_o much_o debate_n as_o simple_a proposal_n of_o what_o be_v go_v to_o be_v do_v there_o shall_v likewise_o such_o proper_a place_n be_v choose_v for_o they_o in_o the_o poem_n where_o they_o may_v not_o interrupt_v the_o series_n of_o the_o action_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v the_o two_o assembly_n of_o the_o god_n in_o the_o first_o and_o five_o book_n of_o the_o odysseis_n the_o first_o be_v at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o poem_n where_o 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italy_n endure_v a_o dreadful_a storm_n which_o cast_v he_o upon_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n where_o he_o escape_v it_o be_v a_o moral_a truth_n that_o god_n prove_v and_o sometime_o seem_v to_o abandon_v good_a man_n and_o that_o at_o last_o he_o rescue_v they_o from_o the_o danger_n into_o which_o he_o have_v permit_v they_o to_o fall_v this_o be_v not_o only_o true_a but_o likewise_o probable_a but_o the_o discourse_n that_o pass_v between_o juno_n and_o aeolus_n and_o what_o neptune_n say_v to_o boreas_n and_o zephyrus_n have_v as_o little_a truth_n and_o probability_n in_o they_o as_o the_o intercourse_n that_o pass_v between_o the_o country_n and_o the_o city-mouse_n so_o much_o may_v be_v say_v in_o the_o general_a to_o be_v more_o particular_a and_o to_o speak_v more_o exact_o and_o methodical_o concern_v the_o probability_n of_o epic_a narration_n we_o shall_v reduce_v it_o to_o several_a head_n and_o consider_v it_o according_a to_o divinity_n according_a to_o morality_n according_a to_o nature_n according_a to_o reason_n according_a to_o experience_n and_o according_a to_o vulgar_a opinion_n it_o may_v be_v say_v that_o there_o be_v nothing_o with_o respect_n to_o divinity_n but_o what_o be_v probable_a because_o with_o god_n nothing_o be_v impossible_a this_o be_v a_o mean_v the_o poet_n often_o make_v use_n of_o to_o render_v every_o thing_n probable_a which_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o feign_v contrary_a to_o the_o ordinary_a course_n of_o nature_n this_o be_v a_o ample_a subject_n and_o require_v a_o particular_a treatise_n which_o we_o shall_v bestow_v upon_o it_o when_o we_o come_v to_o treat_v of_o the_o machine_n we_o have_v already_o observe_v that_o morality_n require_v both_o truth_n and_o probability_n and_o the_o first_o be_v more_o necessary_a than_o the_o last_o a_o poet_n be_v former_o condemn_v and_o fine_v for_o a_o default_n in_o this_o upon_o the_o theatre_n for_o he_o make_v a_o personage_n who_o he_o have_v represent_v as_o a_o honest_a man_n to_o say_v that_o when_o his_o tongue_n swear_v his_o mind_n do_v not_o certain_o it_o be_v neither_o true_a nor_o probable_a that_o a_o honest_a man_n shall_v ever_o trick_v another_o by_o a_o false_a oath_n and_o call_v god_n to_o witness_v those_o promise_n he_o never_o intend_v to_o keep_v seneca_n the_o philosopher_n accuse_v virgil_n of_o a_o fault_n against_o natural_a truth_n and_o probability_n when_o he_o say_v that_o the_o wind_n be_v pen_v up_o in_o grot_n because_o wind_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o air_n or_o vapour_n in_o motion_n it_o destroy_v its_o nature_n to_o suppose_v it_o in_o a_o profound_a repose_n vossius_fw-la answer_v this_o and_o say_v that_o the_o poet_n have_v very_o well_o describe_v the_o natural_a production_n of_o wind_n which_o arise_v from_o hill_n by_o the_o vapour_n and_o exhalation_n that_o be_v enclose_v therein_o and_o that_o it_o be_v
all_o probability_n they_o be_v whole_o ignorant_a of_o and_o on_o which_o though_o they_o be_v acquaint_v with_o they_o they_o ought_v not_o in_o the_o condition_n they_o be_v in_o to_o spend_v the_o least_o thought_n these_o poetical_a heroine_n be_v verse_v in_o history_n mythology_n geography_n a_o great_a many_o curious_a property_n of_o nature_n and_o very_o fine_a lesson_n in_o morality_n in_o a_o word_n they_o be_v not_o ignorant_a in_o their_o very_a passion_n of_o whatever_o the_o poet_n know_v in_o his_o study_n amid_o his_o book_n and_o common_a place_n if_o they_o complain_v of_o any_o cruelty_n they_o name_v you_o all_o the_o cruel_a tyrant_n that_o ever_o be_v and_o know_v without_o the_o least_o mistake_n wherein_o the_o wicked_a inclination_n of_o each_o person_n do_v consist_v 5._o it_o be_v not_o enough_o for_o they_o to_o mention_n busiris_n and_o diomedes_n they_o must_v needs_o add_v the_o altar_n of_o the_o one_o and_o the_o horse_n of_o the_o other_o they_o will_v think_v it_o a_o shame_n only_o to_o know_v that_o the_o scythian_n be_v cruel_a they_o must_v likewise_o know_v that_o they_o have_v no_o sixed_a habitation_n but_o be_v here_o to_o day_n and_o there_o to_o morrow_n this_o be_v what_o seneca_n andromache_n know_v and_o on_o which_o she_o reflect_v even_o during_o the_o sad_a recital_n of_o the_o death_n of_o her_o only_a son_n little_a astyanax_n who_o be_v throw_v from_o the_o top_n of_o a_o tower_n if_o one_o consider_v on_o all_o this_o one_o can_v never_o be_v affect_v with_o these_o learned_a complaint_n and_o if_o the_o audience_n never_o think_v thereon_o to_o what_o purpose_n be_v they_o use_v the_o madness_n of_o medea_n be_v no_o less_o learned_a than_o the_o sadness_n of_o andromache_n this_o madwoman_n threaten_v to_o burn_v the_o king_n of_o corinth_n palace_n the_o flame_n whereof_o shall_v be_v see_v off_o the_o promontory_n of_o malea_n which_o lie_v at_o the_o far_a end_n of_o the_o peloponnesus_n but_o this_o 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as_o statius_n have_v do_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o thebay_n he_o undertake_v the_o war_n of_o eteocles_n and_o polynices_n and_o before_o he_o enter_v upon_o the_o mâ—…_n he_o relate_v all_o that_o happen_v at_o the_o sound_n of_o thebes_n and_o from_o thence_o down_o to_o their_o time_n he_o express_v this_o in_o a_o doubt_n and_o he_o ask_v his_o muse_n whether_o he_o must_v begin_v his_o recital_n with_o the_o rape_n of_o europa_n this_o doubt_n be_v a_o sign_n of_o so_o gross_a a_o ignorance_n in_o the_o art_n that_o it_o betray_v a_o man_n want_n of_o judgement_n when_o he_o give_v his_o reader_n such_o a_o disadvantageous_a character_n of_o himself_o chap._n vii_o of_o the_o expression_n the_o expression_n shall_v be_v suitable_a to_o the_o subject_n one_o treat_n on_o and_o consequent_o shall_v be_v beautiful_a noble_a and_o august_n in_o the_o epic_a poem_n as_o well_o as_o in_o tragedy_n but_o it_o be_v very_o observable_a that_o this_o beauty_n and_o this_o grandeur_n be_v of_o a_o very_a large_a extent_n and_o like_o a_o genus_fw-la divide_v itself_o into_o several_a species_n this_o will_v be_v easy_o conceive_v if_o one_o recollect_v what_o we_o have_v already_o say_v in_o the_o four_o book_n concern_v the_o character_n of_o the_o hero_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a poem_n in_o general_n the_o character_n of_o achilles_n ulysses_n and_o aeneas_n be_v very_o great_a and_o yet_o differ_v very_o much_o from_o each_o other_o the_o iliad_n consist_v altogether_o in_o battle_n in_o anger_n and_o in_o a_o continual_a commotion_n without_o bound_n and_o measure_n the_o odysseis_n on_o the_o contrary_n be_v full_a of_o nothing_o else_o but_o prudence_n patience_n and_o wisdom_n so_o that_o the_o learned_a observe_v there_o be_v a_o considerable_a difference_n in_o the_o style_n and_o verse_n of_o these_o two_o poem_n there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o phlegm_n in_o the_o odysseis_n but_o the_o iliad_n be_v all_o over_o one_o continual_a flame_n the_o aeneid_n shall_v be_v a_o great_a deal_n soft_a than_o the_o two_o greek_a poem_n beside_o this_o first_o distinction_n each_o part_n of_o which_o comprehend_v a_o entire_a poem_n there_o be_v likewise_o inferior_a distinction_n which_o divide_v each_o poem_n into_o its_o episodes_n and_o lesser_a part_n for_o though_o the_o same_o character_n shall_v be_v predominant_a yet_o it_o shall_v not_o take_v up_o the_o whole_a of_o the_o poem_n there_o be_v many_o passage_n very_o different_a from_o one_o another_o this_o alter_v the_o style_n so_o far_o that_o poet._n sometime_o anger_n make_v comedy_n wear_v the_o buskin_n and_o sometime_o sorrow_n make_v tragedy_n throw_v it_o off_o this_o put_v i_o in_o mind_n of_o a_o queen_n i_o see_v once_o upon_o the_o stage_n who_o complain_v of_o her_o long_a misfortune_n in_o a_o style_n that_o be_v quite_o opposite_a thereto_o she_o make_v a_o comparison_n between_o they_o and_o the_o happiness_n of_o her_o former_a year_n and_o she_o compare_v these_o different_a state_n to_o the_o several_a season_n of_o the_o year_n but_o in_o such_o a_o manner_n that_o she_o only_o insist_v on_o the_o description_n of_o the_o beauty_n and_o pleasantness_n of_o the_o spring_n and_o when_o after_o a_o long_a train_n of_o these_o fine_a thing_n which_o inspire_v nothing_o but_o pleasure_n and_o joy_n she_o pass_v on_o to_o the_o description_n of_o winter_n and_o when_o one_o will_v have_v expect_v to_o hear_v at_o last_v something_o that_o be_v conformable_a to_o the_o present_a condition_n of_o this_o unfortunate_a princess_n she_o give_v we_o the_o reverse_n of_o it_o she_o make_v a_o description_n of_o winter_n not_o by_o represent_v the_o melancholy_a part_n of_o it_o but_o by_o make_v a_o elegant_a amplification_n on_o all_o the_o beauty_n of_o spring_n which_o the_o winter_n want_v all_o this_o be_v express_v in_o such_o choice_a phrase_n which_o certain_o cost_v the_o poet_n those_o study_n and_o sleepless_a night_n which_o poet._n horace_n condemn_v in_o those_o that_o make_v complaint_n it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o express_v the_o passion_n one_o treat_n of_o well_o it_o be_v moreover_o requisite_a that_o one_o prevent_v it_o not_o by_o any_o description_n that_o may_v at_o first_o give_v quite_o contrary_a sentiment_n i_o will_v not_o make_v aurora_n rise_v with_o a_o smile_n to_o see_v the_o sad_a passion_n which_o dido_n have_v abandon_v herself_o to_o when_o the_o first_o break_v of_o day_n present_v she_o with_o the_o flight_n of_o aeneas_n this_o concern_v the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o thought_n as_o much_o as_o that_o of_o the_o expression_n and_o oft_o time_n the_o turn_v and_o the_o expression_n make_v all_o the_o beauty_n of_o a_o think_v a_o fable_n a_o allusion_n a_o point_n of_o doctrine_n a_o metaphor_n or_o some_o other_o figure_n shall_v be_v whole_o contain_v in_o one_o word_n that_o which_o we_o be_v now_o speak_v of_o be_v more_o particular_o design_v for_o the_o expression_n poet_n be_v oblige_v to_o keep_v up_o to_o the_o rule_n of_o art_n but_o they_o be_v not_o to_o discover_v they_o open_o oftentimes_o these_o very_a reflection_n prejudice_n and_o hinder_v the_o pleasure_n and_o the_o passion_n in_o this_o case_n they_o have_v recourse_n to_o some_o expression_n and_o phrase_n which_o be_v of_o itself_o indifferent_a to_o the_o matter_n that_o be_v treat_v on_o and_o not_o oblige_v the_o reader_n to_o any_o reflection_n that_o lessen_v his_o attention_n to_o the_o main_a thing_n do_v yet_o give_v those_o a_o occasion_n of_o find_v out_o the_o rule_n and_o the_o artifice_n who_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o look_v after_o they_o here_o be_v one_o instance_n of_o this_o take_v from_o the_o supposition_n of_o those_o that_o suppose_v that_o aeneas_n do_v not_o spend_v the_o winter_n in_o africa_n the_o poet_n represent_v the_o haste_n which_o the_o trojan_n make_v to_o
say_v be_v requisite_a thereto_o for_o it_o be_v pleasant_a probable_a move_a marvellous_a and_o active_a the_o manner_n of_o his_o human_a personage_n their_o interest_n and_o design_n be_v as_o regular_o order_v as_o those_o in_o virgil_n poem_n all_o the_o character_n be_v noble_o draw_v and_o look_v like_o the_o curious_a stroke_n of_o a_o great_a master_n for_o they_o all_o tend_v to_o and_o centure_z in_o the_o general_n character_n of_o the_o poem_n and_o hero_n namely_o in_o that_o noble_a ornament_n of_o the_o soul_n generosity_n his_o machine_n be_v very_o natural_a and_o adapt_v to_o the_o genius_n and_o notion_n of_o our_o time_n as_o virgil_n be_v to_o those_o of_o his_o age._n his_o expression_n be_v noble_a and_o majestical_a his_o verse_n sonorous_a masculine_a and_o strong_a his_o thought_n be_v sublime_a his_o simile_n natural_a his_o description_n proper_a and_o his_o sentence_n few_o and_o regular_a in_o a_o word_n throughout_o the_o whole_a he_o seem_v in_o a_o 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tell_v will_v relent_v and_o with_o their_o tear_n the_o spoil_n they_o cause_v lament_v pity_n will_v pict_n and_o saxon_a breast_n invade_v and_o make_v they_o mourn_v over_o the_o dire_a wound_n they_o make_v but_o since_o you_o be_v please_v to_o hear_v our_o country_n fate_n i_o will_v pay_v obedience_n and_o our_o woe_n relate_v now_o all_o this_o be_v a_o exact_a copy_n of_o the_o beginning_n of_o aeneas_n speech_n to_o dido_n which_o run_v thus_o infandum_fw-la regina_fw-la jubes_fw-la renovare_fw-la dolorem_fw-la trojanas_fw-la ut_fw-la opes_fw-la &_o lamentabite_n regnum_fw-la eruerint_fw-la danai_n quaeque_fw-la ipse_fw-la miserrima_fw-la vidi_fw-la et_fw-la quorum_fw-la pars_fw-la magna_fw-la fui_fw-la quis_fw-la talla_fw-la fando_fw-la myrmidonum_fw-la dolopûmve_fw-la aut_fw-la duri_fw-la mile_n vlyssel_n temperet_fw-la à _fw-la lacrymis_fw-la et_fw-la jam_fw-la nox_fw-la humida_fw-la coelo_fw-la praecipitat_fw-la suadentque_fw-la cadentia_fw-la sydera_fw-la somnos_fw-la 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love_n the_o ambition_n and_o the_o valour_n of_o turnus_n this_o last_o supply_v he_o with_o a_o great_a many_o episodes_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o all_o the_o war_n aeneas_n meet_v with_o in_o italy_n it_o begin_v at_o the_o seven_o book_n and_o be_v not_o over_o till_o the_o end_n of_o the_o poem_n it_o be_v thus_o that_o the_o episodes_n of_o the_o aeneid_n be_v deduce_v from_o the_o fable_n and_o the_o very_a essence_n of_o the_o action_n the_o second_o thing_n we_o say_v be_v necessary_a for_o the_o unity_n of_o the_o action_n be_v the_o unity_n and_o the_o connexion_n of_o the_o episodes_n with_o one_o another_o for_o beside_o that_o relation_n and_o proportion_n which_o all_o the_o member_n ought_v to_o have_v with_o one_o another_o so_o as_o to_o constitute_v but_o one_o body_n which_o shall_v be_v homogeneous_a in_o all_o its_o part_n it_o be_v require_v far_o that_o these_o member_n shall_v be_v not_o contiguous_a as_o if_o they_o be_v cut_v off_o and_o clap_v together_o again_o but_o uninterrupted_a and_o due_o connect_v without_o this_o the_o natural_a member_n will_v not_o make_v up_o that_o union_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o constitute_v a_o body_n the_o continuity_n and_o situation_n of_o episodes_n be_v not_o exact_a when_o they_o only_o follow_v one_o another_o but_o they_o shall_v be_v place_v one_o after_o another_o so_o as_o the_o first_o shall_v either_o be_v necessary_o or_o probable_o the_o cause_n of_o that_o which_o follow_v 8._o aristotle_n find_v fault_n with_o incident_n that_o be_v without_o any_o consequence_n or_o connexion_n and_o he_o say_v that_o the_o poem_n wherein_o such_o sort_n of_o episodes_n be_v offend_v against_o the_o unity_n of_o action_n he_o bring_v as_o a_o instance_n of_o this_o defect_n the_o wound_n which_o ulysses_n receive_v upon_o parnassus_n and_o the_o folly_n he_o counterfeit_v before_o the_o grecian_a prince_n because_o one_o of_o these_o incident_n can_v not_o have_v happen_v as_o a_o consequence_n of_o the_o other_o homer_n can_v not_o have_v give_v they_o a_o necessary_a connexion_n and_o continuity_n nor_o have_v he_o spoil_v the_o unity_n of_o the_o odysseïs_n by_o such_o a_o mixture_n but_o he_o give_v we_o a_o complete_a instance_n of_o the_o continuity_n we_o speak_v of_o in_o the_o method_n whereby_o he_o have_v connect_v the_o two_o part_n of_o his_o iliad_n which_o be_v the_o anger_n of_o achilles_n against_o agamemnon_n and_o the_o anger_n of_o the_o same_o hero_n against_o hector_n the_o poet_n will_v not_o have_v due_o connect_v these_o two_o episodes_n if_o before_o the_o death_n of_o patroclus_n achilles_n have_v be_v less_o inexorable_a and_o have_v accept_v of_o the_o satisfaction_n agamemnon_n offer_v he_o this_o will_v have_v make_v two_o anger_n be_v and_o two_o revenge_n quite_o different_a from_o and_o independent_a of_o one_o another_o and_o though_o both_o have_v be_v necessary_a and_o essential_a to_o the_o fable_n to_o make_v it_o appear_v what_o 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may_v say_v that_o this_o reconciliation_n with_o respect_n to_o agamemnon_n be_v make_v before_o the_o death_n of_o patroclus_n and_o even_o before_o it_o be_v ever_o think_v of_o expose_v he_o to_o a_o battle_n there_o be_v nothing_o more_o want_v but_o achilles_n consent_n and_o since_o that_o be_v not_o give_v till_o the_o death_n of_o patroclus_n have_v make_v he_o resolve_v upon_o that_o of_o hector_n it_o may_v be_v true_o affirm_v that_o the_o anger_n and_o the_o revenge_n of_o achilles_n against_o hector_n which_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o second_o part_n of_o the_o poem_n be_v the_o only_a cause_n of_o the_o reconciliation_n which_o finish_v the_o first_o part_n but_o for_o the_o unity_n of_o a_o body_n it_o be_v not_o enough_o that_o all_o its_o member_n be_v natural_a and_o due_o unite_v and_o compact_v together_o it_o be_v far_a requisite_a that_o each_o member_n shall_v be_v no_o more_o than_o a_o member_n a_o imperfect_a part_n and_o not_o a_o finish_v complete_a body_n this_o be_v the_o three_o qualification_n we_o say_v be_v necessary_a to_o preserve_v the_o unity_n of_o the_o epic_a action_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n of_o this_o doctrine_n we_o must_v take_v notice_n that_o a_o action_n may_v be_v entire_a and_o complete_a two_o way_n the_o first_o be_v by_o perfect_o complete_n it_o and_o make_v it_o absolute_o entire_a with_o respect_n to_o the_o principal_a person_n that_o be_v interest_v therein_o and_o in_o the_o principal_a circumstance_n which_o be_v employ_v about_o it_o the_o second_o way_n be_v by_o complete_n it_o only_o with_o respect_n to_o some_o person_n and_o in_o some_o circumstance_n that_o be_v less_o principal_a this_o second_o way_n preserve_v the_o action_n in_o its_o regular_a unity_n the_o other_o destroy_v it_o we_o will_v give_v you_o a_o instance_n of_o each_o the_o greek_n be_v assemble_v together_o to_o revenge_v the_o affront_n offer_v to_o menelaus_n and_o to_o force_v the_o trojan_n to_o restore_v he_o his_o wife_n who_o paris_n have_v steal_v away_o there_o happen_v a_o difference_n between_o agamemnon_n and_o achilles_n this_o last_o be_v high_o incense_v abandon_v the_o common_a cause_n and_o withdraw_v himself_o so_o that_o in_o his_o absence_n agamemnon_n army_n be_v worsted_n by_o the_o trojan_n but_o the_o boldness_n of_o the_o king_n of_o king_n put_v he_o upon_o engage_v the_o enemy_n without_o achilles_n away_o he_o march_v to_o give_v they_o a_o general_a assault_n with_o all_o his_o force_n the_o fight_n begin_v with_o the_o duel_n between_o menelaus_n and_o paris_n they_o sight_n without_o second_o upon_o condition_n that_o helen_n shall_v be_v the_o conquerour_n and_o the_o war_n decide_v by_o this_o combat_n though_o the_o anger_n of_o achilles_n be_v the_o cause_n of_o this_o combat_n and_o whatever_o interest_n he_o may_v have_v therein_o yet_o it_o be_v plain_a that_o menelaus_n paris_n and_o helen_n be_v so_o far_o the_o principal_a personage_n concern_v that_o if_o this_o action_n have_v be_v finish_v with_o respect_n to_o they_o it_o will_v have_v be_v quite_o finish_v it_o will_v not_o have_v make_v a_o part_n of_o the_o action_n and_o of_o the_o revenge_n of_o achilles_n but_o a_o complete_a action_n which_o will_v have_v put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o revenge_n and_o render_v the_o anger_n of_o this_o hero_n ineffectual_a therefore_o homer_n have_v not_o finish_v this_o action_n paris_n be_v hard_o put_v to_o it_o escape_v and_o menelaus_n be_v wound_v with_o a_o dart_n by_o pandarus_n by_o this_o mean_v achilles_n begin_v to_o be_v revenge_v and_o this_o incident_a become_v a_o exact_a episode_n virgil_n have_v manage_v the_o episode_n of_o dido_n another_o way_n he_o have_v finish_v it_o so_o that_o the_o union_n of_o his_o main_a action_n be_v as_o regular_a as_o the_o art_n of_o poetry_n require_v the_o address_n of_o this_o great_a poet_n consist_v in_o order_v it_o so_o that_o dido_n in_o who_o this_o incident_a be_v complete_a be_v not_o the_o chief_a personage_n and_o her_o marriage_n be_v only_o a_o simple_a circumstance_n of_o a_o action_n that_o be_v not_o finish_v and_o yet_o be_v the_o soul_n and_o the_o only_a foundation_n of_o this_o particular_a action_n in_o a_o word_n aeneas_n be_v the_o hero_n of_o this_o episode_n which_o be_v only_o invent_v to_o retard_v the_o settlement_n of_o this_o hero_n in_o italy_n this_o be_v manifest_a if_o we_o will_v but_o reflect_v on_o what_o the_o skill_n and_o care_n of_o the_o poet_n have_v leave_v we_o about_o it_o juno_n who_o carry_v on_o all_o this_o intrigue_n be_v very_o little_o concern_v for_o dido_n happiness_n if_o she_o have_v love_v she_o so_o well_o she_o shall_v have_v divert_v the_o trojan_a fleet_n from_o her_o coast_n upon_o which_o place_n she_o herself_o do_v cast_v they_o 4._o which_o be_v the_o only_a cause_n of_o this_o queen_n misery_n
interest_n prompt_v he_o to_o the_o humour_n and_o the_o inclination_n belong_v to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o moral_n which_o we_o shall_v treat_v of_o particular_o in_o the_o four_o book_n we_o only_o join_v they_o here_o to_o the_o two_o other_o cause_n we_o mention_v and_o of_o all_o three_o we_o affirm_v this_o in_o general_a that_o the_o poet_n ought_v to_o inform_v his_o reader_n of_o they_o and_o make_v they_o conspicuous_a in_o his_o principal_a personage_n when_o he_o introduce_v they_o or_o even_o before_o he_o make_v they_o appear_v homer_n have_v ingenious_o begin_v his_o odysseïs_n with_o the_o transaction_n at_o ithaca_n during_o the_o absence_n of_o ulysses_n if_o he_o have_v begin_v with_o the_o travel_n of_o his_o hero_n he_o will_v scarce_o have_v speak_v of_o any_o one_o else_o and_o a_o man_n may_v have_v read_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o the_o poem_n without_o conceive_v the_o least_o idea_n of_o telemachus_n penelope_n or_o her_o suitor_n who_o have_v so_o great_a a_o share_n in_o the_o action_n but_o in_o the_o beginning_n he_o have_v pitch_v upon_o beside_o these_o personage_n who_o he_o discover_v he_o represent_v ulysses_n in_o his_o full_a length_n and_o from_o the_o very_a first_o open_v of_o the_o action_n one_o see_v the_o interest_n which_o the_o god_n have_v therein_o the_o skill_n and_o care_n of_o the_o same_o poet_n may_v be_v see_v likewise_o in_o introduce_v his_o personage_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o iliad_n where_o he_o discover_v the_o humour_n the_o interest_n and_o the_o design_n of_o agamemnon_n achilles_n nestor_z ulysses_n and_o several_a other_o nay_o and_o of_o the_o god_n too_o and_o in_o his_o second_o book_n he_o make_v a_o review_n of_o the_o grecian_a and_o trojan_a army_n which_o be_v full_a evidence_n that_o all_o we_o have_v here_o say_v be_v very_o necessary_a but_o last_o since_o the_o epic_a poem_n be_v doubtless_o much_o long_a than_o the_o dramatic_a and_o since_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o manage_v the_o incident_n and_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o personage_n in_o that_o than_o in_o the_o other_o one_o be_v not_o oblige_v to_o introduce_v all_o of_o they_o at_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o epopéa_n with_o as_o much_o exactness_n as_o in_o the_o first_o act_n of_o a_o theatral_n piece_n where_o at_o least_o one_o be_v oblige_v to_o give_v some_o item_n of_o all_o those_o who_o have_v any_o considerable_a part_n in_o the_o intrigue_n i_o mention_v this_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o virgil_n practice_n he_o have_v be_v less_o exact_a than_o the_o greek_a poet_n for_o he_o say_v nothing_o of_o turnus_n latinus_n amata_n and_o other_o italian_n till_o the_o middle_n of_o his_o poem_n but_o it_o be_v true_a likewise_o that_o he_o have_v so_o dispose_v his_o action_n as_o seem_v to_o justify_v this_o delay_n he_o have_v divide_v the_o aeneid_n into_o two_o part_n more_o sensible_o than_o homer_n have_v his_o iliad_n and_o odysseïs_n he_o not_o only_o make_v this_o division_n at_o the_o first_o and_o in_o his_o proposition_n by_o say_v that_o 1._o aeneas_n suffer_v much_o when_o he_o be_v toss_v about_o from_o this_o sea_n to_o that_o and_o from_o one_o province_n to_o another_o and_o suffer_v also_o a_o great_a deal_n more_o in_o the_o war_n he_o be_v engage_v in_o but_o he_o likewise_o when_o he_o begin_v his_o second_o part_n advertise_v his_o reader_n of_o it_o and_o 8._o propose_v the_o thing_n he_o be_v about_o to_o mention_v as_o all_o new_a and_o quite_o of_o another_o make_n from_o the_o former_a thus_o in_o the_o first_o book_n he_o introduce_v the_o principal_a personage_n of_o his_o first_o part_n and_o he_o only_o speak_v of_o those_o who_o be_v to_o appear_v afresh_o in_o the_o second_o part_n in_o his_o six_o seven_o and_o eight_o book_n and_o here_o in_o my_o mind_n he_o be_v less_o fortunate_a than_o the_o greek_a poet._n beside_o these_o more_o general_a cause_n of_o the_o action_n and_o of_o the_o main_a intrigue_n there_o be_v still_o some_o incident_n and_o some_o episodes_n more_o particular_a of_o which_o the_o poet_n must_v give_v a_o account_n this_o happen_v common_o not_o in_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o action_n but_o only_o when_o the_o poet_n be_v about_o to_o make_v one_o of_o his_o lesser_a recital_n the_o reader_n can_v not_o guess_v how_o the_o wound_n of_o ulysses_n come_v which_o discover_v he_o to_o his_o friend_n not_o why_o camilla_n shall_v be_v in_o love_n with_o war_n nor_o how_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o aeneas_n meet_v with_o several_a person_n in_o the_o shade_n below_o who_o be_v to_o come_v into_o the_o world_n many_o age_n after_o etc._n etc._n therefore_o the_o poet_n must_v tell_v he_o the_o cause_n of_o all_o this_o these_o cause_n must_v be_v good_a and_o suitable_a to_o the_o subject_a all_o the_o action_n of_o the_o iliad_n be_v found_v upon_o the_o anger_n of_o achilles_n the_o cause_n of_o this_o anger_n be_v the_o displeasure_n apollo_n conceive_v against_o agamemnon_n because_o agamemnon_n likewise_o in_o his_o anger_n have_v affront_v the_o priest_n of_o this_o god_n all_o these_o passion_n have_v probable_a cause_n and_o such_o as_o be_v suitable_a to_o the_o general_n subject_a of_o the_o trojan_a war._n for_o as_o this_o general_n cause_o be_v heten'_v be_v ravish_v from_o menelaus_n so_o the_o other_o cause_n be_v of_o the_o same_o nature_n chryseïs_n be_v ravish_v from_o her_o father_n and_o briseïs_n from_o achilles_n in_o short_a all_o be_v stamp_v with_o the_o same_o character_n of_o injustice_n and_o violence_n in_o these_o hero_n if_o the_o hero_n be_v a_o man_n of_o probity_n the_o cause_n of_o all_o his_o design_n shall_v be_v just_a and_o commendable_a as_o those_o in_o the_o odysseïs_n and_o the_o aeneid_n and_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o persecution_n he_o meet_v with_o must_v not_o lessen_v the_o esteem_n which_o the_o poet_n will_v raise_v of_o his_o probity_n neptune_n persecute_v ulysses_n because_o ulysses_n have_v blind_v his_o son_n polypheme_n but_o this_o monster_n have_v already_o devour_v six_o of_o the_o comerade_n of_o ulysses_n and_o be_v just_a upon_o serve_v ulysses_n himself_o and_o the_o rest_n the_o same_o trick_n aeneas_n make_v a_o more_o particular_a profession_n of_o his_o piety_n and_o according_o virgil_n use_v he_o more_o honourable_o the_o cause_n juno_n have_v to_o persecute_v he_o do_v either_o not_o touch_v his_o person_n or_o else_o be_v much_o to_o his_o glory_n since_o the_o only_a one_o which_o concern_v he_o be_v the_o choice_n which_o fate_n make_v of_o he_o to_o lay_v in_o italy_n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o world_n 4._o juno_n be_v so_o far_o from_o have_v any_o scornful_a or_o hateful_a thought_n for_o this_o hero_n person_n that_o she_o be_v willing_a to_o trust_v he_o with_o all_o that_o be_v most_o dear_a to_o she_o on_o earth_n and_o make_v he_o lord_n over_o her_o own_o carthage_n she_o can_v never_o have_v give_v a_o more_o considerable_a token_n of_o her_o love_n and_o esteem_v for_o any_o man._n chap._n xiii_o of_o the_o intrigue_n and_o the_o vnravel_v thereof_o in_o what_o be_v say_v about_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o action_n one_o may_v have_v observe_v two_o opposite_a design_n the_o first_o and_o most_o principal_a be_v that_o of_o the_o hero_n the_o second_o comprehend_v all_o their_o design_n that_o oppose_v the_o pretension_n of_o the_o hero_n these_o opposite_a cause_n produce_v likewise_o opposite_a effect_n viz._n the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o hero_n for_o the_o accomplish_n his_o design_n and_o the_o endeavour_n of_o those_o who_o be_v against_o it_o as_o these_o cause_n and_o design_n be_v the_o beginning_n of_o the_o action_n so_o these_o contrary_a endeavour_n be_v the_o middle_a of_o it_o and_o form_v a_o difficulty_n and_o intrigue_n which_o make_v up_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o poem_n it_o last_v as_o long_o as_o the_o reader_n be_v mind_n be_v in_o suspense_n about_o the_o event_n of_o these_o contrary_a endeavour_n the_o solution_n or_o the_o vnravel_n begin_v when_o one_o begin_v to_o see_v the_o difficulty_n remove_v and_o the_o doubt_n clear_v up_o our_o poet_n have_v divide_v each_o of_o their_o three_o poem_n into_o two_o part_n and_o have_v put_v a_o particular_a intrigue_n and_o the_o solution_n of_o it_o in_o each_o part._n the_o first_o part_n of_o the_o iliad_n be_v the_o anger_n of_o achilles_n who_o be_v for_o revenge_a himself_o upon_o agamemnon_n by_o the_o mean_n of_o hector_n and_o the_o trojan_n the_o intrigue_n comprehend_v the_o three_o day_n fight_v which_o happen_v in_o the_o absence_n of_o achilles_n and_o it_o consist_v on_o one_o side_n in_o the_o resistance_n of_o agamemnon_n and_o the_o grecian_n and_o on_o the_o other_o in_o the_o revengeful_a and_o inexorable_a humour_n of_o achilles_n which_o will_v not_o
the_o curiosity_n of_o the_o spectator_n and_o the_o attention_n they_o give_v to_o what_o pass_v between_o this_o young_a hero_n and_o chimene_n will_v not_o suffer_v they_o to_o take_v notice_n of_o this_o fault_n and_o that_o though_o they_o shall_v have_v be_v inform_v of_o it_o they_o will_v have_v take_v it_o ill_o if_o a_o more_o strict_a regularity_n have_v robe_v they_o of_o so_o great_a a_o satisfaction_n i_o believe_v that_o the_o best_a rule_n for_o know_v how_o far_o it_o be_v allowable_a to_o carry_v on_o the_o marvellous_a and_o for_o discern_v what_o will_v be_v take_v what_o will_v offend_v and_o what_o will_v be_v ridiculous_a be_v first_o a_o sound_a judgement_n and_o then_o the_o read_n of_o good_a author_n and_o likewise_o the_o example_n of_o those_o who_o have_v come_v off_o but_o sorry_o and_o last_o the_o compare_v these_o two_o together_o but_o in_o this_o examen_fw-la of_o thing_n a_o man_n must_v be_v well_o acquaint_v with_o the_o genius_n the_o custom_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o several_a age_n for_o that_o which_o be_v a_o beauty_n in_o homer_n may_v have_v meet_v with_o sorry_a entertainment_n in_o the_o work_v of_o a_o poet_n in_o the_o day_n of_o augustus_n it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o make_v a_o incident_a admire_v that_o it_o shall_v have_v something_o that_o be_v admirable_a but_o beside_o that_o it_o be_v requisite_a there_o shall_v be_v nothing_o in_o it_o that_o may_v put_v a_o stop_n to_o its_o effect_n and_o destroy_v the_o admiration_n such_o as_o will_v be_v all_o contrary_a passion_n admiration_n in_o this_o point_n have_v nothing_o but_o what_o be_v common_a to_o itself_o and_o all_o the_o other_o passion_n therefore_o for_o the_o better_a explain_v of_o this_o matter_n we_o must_v join_v that_o with_o they_o chap._n ix_o of_o the_o passion_n the_o epic_a narration_n ought_v to_o be_v admirable_a poet._n but_o this_o beauty_n be_v not_o enough_o it_o be_v far_a necessary_a that_o it_o be_v move_v and_o passionate_a that_o it_o transport_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o reader_n fill_v he_o with_o inquietude_n give_v some_o pleasure_n cast_v he_o into_o a_o consternation_n and_o make_v he_o sensible_a of_o the_o violence_n of_o all_o these_o motion_n even_o in_o subject_n which_o he_o himself_o know_v be_v feign_v and_o invent_v at_o pleasure_n 1._o horace_n who_o prescribe_v all_o this_o to_o the_o poet_n can_v forbear_v admire_v they_o when_o they_o come_v off_o well_o and_o he_o compare_v their_o skill_n to_o the_o power_n of_o magic_n the_o passion_n than_o be_v necessary_a to_o great_a poem_n but_o all_o be_v not_o equal_o necessary_a or_o convenient_a to_o all_o poem_n mirth_n and_o pleasant_a surprise_v belong_v to_o comedy_n on_o the_o contrary_a horror_n and_o compassion_n belong_v to_o tragedy_n the_o epic_a poem_n keep_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o middle_n between_o both_o and_o seizes_z upon_o all_o these_o passion_n as_o be_v evident_a from_o the_o grief_n that_o reign_v in_o the_o four_o book_n of_o the_o aeneid_n and_o from_o the_o sport_n and_o diversion_n of_o the_o eight_o the_o passion_n that_o seem_v most_o peculiar_a to_o this_o kind_n of_o poem_n be_v admiration_n it_o be_v the_o least_o contrary_a to_o the_o passion_n of_o the_o two_o other_o kind_n of_o poem_n we_o admire_v with_o joy_n thing_n that_o surprise_v we_o pleas_o and_o we_o admire_v with_o terror_n and_o grief_n such_o thing_n as_o terrify_v and_o make_v we_o sad_a beside_o this_o admiration_n which_o in_o general_n distinguish_v the_o epic_a poem_n from_o the_o dramatic_a each_o epic_a poem_n have_v likewise_o some_o peculiar_a passion_n which_o distinguish_v it_o in_o particular_a from_o other_o epic_a poem_n and_o constitute_v a_o kind_n of_o singular_a and_o individual_a difference_n between_o these_o poem_n of_o the_o same_o species_n these_o singular_a passion_n correspond_v to_o the_o character_n of_o the_o hero_n anger_n and_o terror_n reign_v throughout_o the_o iliad_n because_o 1._o achilles_n be_v angry_a and_o the_o most_o terrible_a of_o all_o men._n the_o aeneid_n have_v all_o soft_a and_o tender_a passion_n because_o that_o be_v the_o character_n of_o aeneas_n the_o prudence_n wisdom_n and_o constancy_n of_o ulysses_n do_v not_o allow_v he_o in_o either_o of_o these_o extreme_n therefore_o the_o poet_n do_v not_o permit_v one_o of_o they_o to_o be_v predominant_a in_o the_o odysseïs_n he_o confine_v himself_o to_o admiration_n only_o which_o he_o carry_v to_o a_o high_a pitch_n than_o in_o the_o iliad_n and_o it_o be_v upon_o this_o account_n that_o he_o introduce_v a_o great_a many_o more_o machine_n of_o the_o odysseïs_n into_o the_o body_n of_o the_o action_n than_o be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o the_o action_n of_o the_o other_o two_o poem_n this_o doctrine_n will_v find_v a_o fit_a place_n in_o the_o next_o book_n where_o we_o shall_v treat_v concern_v the_o manner_n and_o the_o character_n we_o have_v still_o two_o thing_n to_o say_v concern_v the_o passion_n the_o one_o be_v how_o to_o impress_v they_o upon_o the_o auditor_n and_o the_o other_o how_o to_o make_v they_o sensible_a of_o they_o the_o first_o be_v to_o prepare_v their_o mind_n for_o they_o and_o the_o second_o be_v not_o to_o huddle_n together_o several_a passion_n that_o be_v incompatible_a the_o necessity_n of_o prepare_v the_o auditor_n be_v found_v upon_o the_o natural_a and_o general_a necessity_n of_o take_v thing_n where_o they_o be_v when_o we_o will_v convey_v they_o elsewhere_o it_o be_v easy_a apply_v this_o maxim_n to_o the_o subject_a in_o hand_n a_o man_n be_v in_o a_o quiet_a and_o profound_a repose_n and_o you_o have_v a_o mind_n by_o a_o discourse_n make_v on_o purpose_n to_o make_v he_o angry_a you_o must_v begin_v your_o discourse_n by_o a_o mild_a way_n by_o this_o mean_n you_o will_v close_v he_o and_o then_o go_v hand_n in_o hand_n together_o as_o the_o say_n be_v he_o will_v not_o fail_v follow_v you_o in_o all_o the_o passion_n you_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o excite_v in_o he_o by_o degree_n but_o if_o at_o the_o first_o touch_v you_o manifest_v your_o anger_n you_o will_v make_v yourself_o as_o ridiculous_a and_o meet_v with_o as_o little_a success_n as_o ajax_n in_o ovid_n metamorphosis_n in_o who_o the_o witty_a ovid_n have_v give_v we_o a_o notable_a instance_n of_o this_o default_n he_o make_v he_o begin_v his_o plea_n by_o anger_n and_o violent_a figure_n before_o his_o judge_n who_o be_v profound_o calm_a 13._o the_o general_n be_v set_v the_o soldier_n stand_v round_o about_o they_o ajax_z rises_z and_o be_v of_o a_o furious_a and_o impatient_a disposition_n cast_v a_o fierce_a look_n towards_o the_o seashore_n stretch_v out_o his_o hand_n towards_o the_o fleet_n that_o ride_v there_o and_o then_o cry_v out_o oh_o heaven_n this_o cause_n must_v be_v try_v in_o view_n of_o the_o navy_n and_o ulysses_n my_o competitor_n these_o necessary_a preparation_n arise_v from_o the_o discourse_n that_o go_v before_o these_o movement_n or_o else_o from_o some_o action_n that_o already_o begin_v to_o excite_v they_o before_o one_o speak_v the_o orator_n themselves_o sometime_o make_v use_n of_o this_o last_o way_n for_o though_o they_o general_o excite_v not_o the_o passion_n till_o the_o end_n of_o their_o harangue_n yet_o when_o they_o find_v their_o audience_n already_o move_v it_o will_v be_v ridiculous_a if_o by_o a_o unseasonable_a calmness_n they_o shall_v begin_v by_o make_v they_o quit_v that_o with_o which_o they_o will_v have_v they_o affect_v the_o last_o time_n catiline_n enter_v the_o senate_n house_n the_o senators_z be_v so_o disturb_v at_o his_o presence_n that_o those_o who_o sit_v next_o he_o draw_v far_o off_o and_o leave_v he_o to_o sit_v alone_o then_o the_o consul_n will_v have_v offend_v against_o reason_n if_o he_o have_v begin_v his_o speech_n with_o that_o sedateness_n that_o be_v usual_a to_o exerdium_n he_o will_v have_v abate_v that_o indignation_n with_o which_o he_o be_v willing_a to_o affect_v the_o senator_n against_o cariline_n and_o he_o will_v have_v take_v away_o from_o the_o mind_n of_o this_o parricide_n that_o dread_a and_o terror_n he_o be_v mind_v to_o strike_v he_o with_o and_o which_o he_o be_v already_o sensible_a of_o by_o this_o tacit_a condemnation_n of_o the_o senate_n therefore_o etc._n omit_v this_o first_o part_n of_o the_o speech_n which_o upon_o such_o a_o occasion_n will_v have_v be_v prejudicial_a to_o he_o he_o take_v his_o audience_n in_o the_o condition_n he_o find_v they_o and_o continues_z and_o beighten_v their_o passion_n that_o which_o be_v so_o rare_a among_o the_o orator_n be_v common_a among_o the_o poet_n they_o abound_v with_o instance_n of_o this_o nature_n where_o one_o may_v see_v the_o passion_n prepare_v and_o keep_v up_o by_o the_o action_n dido_n begin_v a_o speech_n as_o ovid_n ajax_n do_v
in_o the_o fortune_n of_o ulysses_n but_o the_o poet_n supply_v that_o by_o make_v these_o dull_a fellow_n mighty_o in_o love_n with_o romantic_a adventure_n this_o artificial_a order_n divide_v the_o action_n into_o two_o part_n very_o different_a from_o each_o other_o the_o principal_a part_n contain_v that_o which_o the_o poet_n relate_v he_o take_v but_o a_o little_a matter_n but_o he_o treat_v of_o it_o ample_o and_o with_o all_o the_o pomp_n and_o majesty_n his_o art_n can_v furnish_v he_o with_o the_o other_o part_n be_v a_o great_a deal_n large_a in_o the_o number_n of_o its_o incident_n and_o in_o its_o duration_n but_o it_o be_v of_o less_o compass_n shall_v you_o reckon_v the_o verse_n it_o take_v up_o and_o consequent_o in_o the_o circumstance_n and_o movement_n which_o make_v a_o great_a part_n of_o the_o beauty_n of_o the_o poem_n but_o yet_o if_o among_o the_o incident_n which_o the_o poet_n be_v oblige_v to_o insert_v in_o that_o which_o we_o here_o call_v the_o second_o and_o least_o part_n of_o his_o work_n there_o shall_v be_v any_o one_o important_a incident_a he_o may_v treat_v of_o this_o more_o large_o than_o of_o the_o rest_n as_o virgil_n have_v do_v the_o take_v of_o troy_n it_o be_v true_a one_o may_v not_o treat_v of_o many_o of_o they_o after_o this_o manner_n the_o rest_n shall_v be_v more_o concise_a beside_o one_o see_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o difference_n between_o the_o death_n of_o priam_n describe_v in_o the_o recital_n of_o the_o second_o book_n and_o the_o death_n of_o camilla_n relate_v by_o the_o poet_n in_o the_o eleven_o for_o tho'_o that_o of_o camilla_n be_v doubtless_o less_o considerable_a as_o to_o the_o fable_n yet_o the_o poet_n extend_v it_o more_o by_o half_n than_o that_o of_o priam._n these_o two_o part_n of_o the_o epic_a poem_n may_v be_v compare_v to_o two_o of_o the_o dramatic_a poet._n one_o of_o which_o be_v act_v upon_o the_o stage_n before_o the_o spectator_n and_o the_o other_o comprehend_v whatsoever_o be_v do_v behind_o the_o scene_n and_o which_o we_o come_v to_o know_v of_o pure_o by_o the_o recital_n which_o the_o actor_n make_v ibid._n this_o last_o be_v less_o move_a than_o the_o other_o and_o let_v aeneas_n sorrow_n for_o his_o first_o wife_n creüsa_n be_v never_o so_o great_a yet_o her_o death_n have_v nothing_o in_o it_o whereby_o it_o deserve_v to_o be_v compare_v to_o that_o of_o dido_n the_o division_n of_o the_o dramatic_a action_n we_o be_v now_o speak_v of_o ibid._n give_v the_o poet_n a_o advantage_n of_o keep_v from_o the_o spectator_n view_v whatever_o will_v offend_v they_o either_o by_o its_o be_v two_o horrible_a as_o a_o mother_n butcher_v her_o own_o child_n or_o by_o its_o be_v too_o incredible_a as_o the_o metamorphosis_n of_o a_o man_n into_o a_o serpent_n or_o a_o bird_n whereupon_o these_o thing_n shall_v only_o be_v relate_v so_o likewise_o the_o division_n of_o the_o epic_a action_n give_v the_o poet_n liberty_n to_o retrench_v from_o this_o action_n whatever_o will_v cause_v a_o confusion_n in_o the_o poem_n the_o thing_n that_o be_v improper_a for_o the_o epopea_n be_v not_o of_o the_o same_o nature_n with_o those_o which_o ought_v to_o be_v exclude_v the_o theatre_n since_o that_o which_o be_v good_a in_o a_o dramatic_a recital_n be_v likewise_o so_o in_o a_o epopéa_n which_o only_o discover_v thing_n to_o we_o by_o recite_v they_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a the_o thing_n that_o confound_v the_o epic_a poem_n be_v such_o as_o be_v too_o languish_v and_o which_o can_v admit_v of_o that_o action_n and_o motion_n which_o be_v the_o proper_a ornament_n of_o this_o sort_n of_o poem_n and_o this_o be_v what_o poet._n horace_n order_v to_o be_v exclude_v thence_o and_o in_o truth_n how_o can_v virgil_n make_v his_o reader_n endure_v aeneas_n constant_a attendance_n at_o his_o sick_a father_n bed_n together_o with_o the_o medicine_n and_o fomentation_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v make_v use_n of_o to_o recall_v the_o spirit_n and_o the_o natural_a heat_n into_o the_o cold_a limb_n of_o this_o age_a prince_n and_o the_o sorrow_n too_o of_o aeneas_n which_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v very_o great_a will_v have_v be_v but_o a_o sorry_a ornament_n of_o a_o poem_n the_o reader_n will_v not_o have_v be_v affect_v with_o they_o will_v they_o have_v bestow_v one_o tear_n upon_o the_o natural_a death_n of_o a_o person_n of_o his_o age_n who_o have_v so_o little_a to_o do_v in_o this_o poem_n therefore_o have_v the_o poet_n very_o judicious_o draw_v a_o veil_n over_o all_o these_o thing_n by_o this_o mean_n the_o artificial_a order_n cut_v off_o the_o languish_a and_o unpleasant_a incident_n and_o the_o interval_n of_o time_n that_o be_v void_a of_o action_n which_o hinder_v the_o continuity_n thereof_o and_o poet._n by_o these_o retrenchment_n it_o give_v the_o poem_n that_o continue_v force_v which_o make_v it_o run_v smooth_o on_o throughout_o the_o whole_a and_o bestow_v on_o it_o those_o beauty_n which_o the_o action_n in_o itself_o have_v not_o poet._n by_o this_o mean_v it_o hasten_v towards_o a_o conclusion_n and_o at_o first_o transport_v the_o reader_n into_o the_o middle_a of_o its_o subject_a matter_n and_o always_o entertain_v in_o they_o a_o desire_n and_o expectation_n to_o see_v the_o event_n as_o soon_o as_o possible_a our_o poet_n begin_v their_o narration_n so_o nigh_o the_o end_n that_o the_o reader_n imagine_v the_o poem_n will_v end_n within_o a_o few_o verse_n in_o the_o odysseïs_n the_o god_n order_n mercury_n to_o go_v to_o the_o isle_n of_o ogyges_n where_o ulysses_n be_v detain_v by_o calypso_n he_o be_v to_o charge_v that_o goddess_n to_o give_v he_o leave_v to_o depart_v and_o furnish_v he_o with_o every_o thing_n that_o be_v necessary_a for_o his_o journey_n to_o ithaca_n virgil_n approach_v still_o near_o to_o a_o conclusion_n his_o hero_n have_v already_o leave_v sicily_n and_o be_v upon_o his_o journey_n to_o italy_n the_o second_o part_n begin_v much_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n aeneas_n arrive_v at_o the_o country_n which_o the_o fate_n have_v promise_v he_o find_v there_o the_o god_n and_o man_n who_o wait_v his_o come_n with_o impatience_n and_o king_n latinus_n offer_v he_o his_o daughter_n lavinia_n sole_a heir_n to_o his_o crown_n in_o marriage_n who_o will_v think_v then_o but_o this_o hero_n be_v very_o well_o settle_v and_o the_o poem_n at_o a_o end_n but_o a_o storm_n cast_v he_o upon_o carthage_n and_o furnish_v the_o poet_n with_o what_o fill_v the_o first_o part._n the_o jealousy_n of_o turnus_n who_o pretend_v lavinia_n be_v promise_v to_o he_o and_o be_v his_o due_n oppose_v the_o settlement_n of_o the_o trojan_n and_o afford_v subject_a matter_n for_o the_o last_o six_o book_n the_o beginning_n of_o the_o action_n be_v resume_v so_o pertinent_o that_o these_o large_a recital_n of_o aeneas_n and_o ulysses_n make_v no_o interruption_n aeneas_n relate_v all_o that_o precede_v his_o arrival_n at_o carthage_n and_o then_o the_o 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ought_v to_o gain_v the_o success_n alone_o without_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o deity_n because_o as_o the_o ancient_n say_v the_o god_n do_v not_o absolute_o give_v we_o what_o they_o seem_v to_o give_v we_o but_o they_o sell_v it_o at_o the_o price_n of_o our_o labour_n but_o if_o on_o one_o hand_n god_n be_v the_o author_n of_o all_o the_o good_a we_o do_v it_o be_v true_a likewise_o to_o say_v that_o it_o be_v ourselves_o that_o real_o do_v whatever_o god_n do_v in_o and_o by_o we_o and_o since_o these_o action_n which_o god_n inspire_v into_o we_o procure_v for_o we_o and_o for_o which_o he_o give_v we_o all_o the_o courage_n and_o strength_n that_o be_v necessary_a be_v true_o and_o proper_o our_o own_o action_n it_o follow_v that_o the_o more_o god_fw-we help_n and_o favour_n we_o the_o more_o glory_n and_o honour_n he_o do_v we_o and_o this_o be_v the_o difference_n that_o be_v between_o the_o assistance_n of_o god_n and_o that_o of_o men._n the_o action_n of_o man_n 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chap._n i._n the_o foundation_n of_o this_o doctrine_n the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o thought_n and_o that_o of_o the_o expression_n stand_v upon_o the_o same_o foundation_n both_o this_o and_o that_o be_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o art_n of_o imprint_v on_o our_o auditor_n such_o idea_n as_o we_o will_v have_v they_o receive_v it_o seem_v as_o if_o this_o notion_n belong_v rather_o to_o the_o expression_n than_o the_o thought_n since_o the_o thought_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o idea_n one_o will_v imagine_v that_o if_o they_o be_v well_o express_v that_o will_v be_v sufficient_a to_o imprint_v they_o on_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o hearer_n but_o you_o will_v see_v that_o this_o be_v not_o enough_o if_o you_o reflect_v that_o there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o difference_n between_o make_v any_o one_o comprehend_v what_o we_o think_v and_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o and_o the_o inspire_a into_o he_o the_o same_o inclimation_n and_o the_o same_o thought_n a_o good_a expression_n be_v enough_o for_o the_o first_o but_o it_o often_o happen_v that_o if_o i_o will_v give_v another_o the_o same_o inclination_n which_o i_o have_v myself_o i_o shall_v succeed_v better_o if_o i_o express_v quite_o contrary_a thought_n than_o if_o i_o clear_o discover_v the_o idea_n of_o my_o mind_n and_o my_o real_a thought_n if_o we_o pretend_v a_o esteem_n and_o friendship_n for_o any_o one_o in_o the_o presence_n of_o a_o jealous_a and_o envious_a rival_n we_o shall_v not_o make_v he_o conceive_v any_o of_o those_o good_a thought_n for_o he_o but_o on_o the_o contrary_a we_o shall_v render_v the_o person_n in_o who_o behalf_n we_o speak_v odious_a and_o contemptible_a to_o he_o figurative_a speech_n may_v likewise_o furnish_v we_o with_o instance_n of_o this_o nature_n we_o express_v not_o our_o precise_a thought_n in_o a_o hyperbole_n we_o say_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o of_o a_o thing_n than_o we_o conceive_v of_o it_o and_o more_o than_o we_o will_v have_v other_o conceive_v of_o it_o and_o the_o irony_n do_v the_o contrary_a therefore_o this_o part_n of_o elocution_n we_o be_v speak_v of_o do_v not_o consist_v in_o express_v one_o idea_n or_o in_o make_v other_o apprehend_v the_o idea_n we_o propose_v but_o in_o propose_v such_o idea_n as_o may_v imprint_v those_o that_o we_o will_v have_v imprint_v let_v they_o be_v the_o same_o with_o those_o we_o propose_v or_o the_o contrary_a or_o any_o other_o so_o that_o three_o thing_n be_v expedient_a for_o this_o purpose_n first_o to_o have_v a_o right_a conception_n of_o the_o idea_n we_o will_v imprint_v on_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o auditor_n it_o must_v be_v pure_a and_o disengagee_v from_o all_o those_o that_o may_v prejudice_v our_o design_n second_o to_o know_v what_o thought_n be_v most_o proper_a to_o imprint_v this_o idea_n by_o consider_v the_o present_a humour_n interest_n and_o disposition_n of_o our_o audience_n and_o three_o to_o make_v a_o good_a choice_n of_o such_o expression_n as_o be_v most_o proper_a and_o suitable_a that_o which_o be_v most_o common_o prejudicial_a to_o the_o first_o of_o these_o namely_o to_o the_o purity_n of_o the_o idea_n be_v that_o beside_o each_o particular_a idea_n which_o we_o imagine_v there_o be_v likewise_o a_o general_a idea_n which_o seldom_o fail_v mix_v with_o almost_o all_o the_o rest_n it_o be_v that_o idea_n which_o we_o conceive_v of_o ourselves_o and_o which_o we_o will_v fain_o represent_v as_o great_a fine_a excellent_a and_o in_o a_o word_n such_o as_o we_o ourselves_o conceive_v it_o this_o be_v evident_a especial_o in_o that_o kind_n of_o oration_n which_o the_o rhetorician_n have_v style_v the_o demonstrative_a it_o seem_v as_o if_o a_o orator_n in_o such_o a_o harangue_n speak_v more_o to_o entertain_v we_o with_o a_o vast_a idea_n of_o himself_o than_o of_o his_o hero_n and_o when_o we_o go_v away_o from_o hear_v the_o panegyric_n of_o any_o saint_n or_o person_n of_o quality_n it_o be_v seldom_o that_o we_o praise_v or_o dispraise_v either_o the_o one_o or_o the_o other_o of_o they_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o what_o the_o orator_n have_v say_v but_o we_o only_o cry_v that_o this_o orator_n have_v a_o eloquent_a tongue_n or_o that_o he_o be_v but_o so_o so_o as_o if_o we_o go_v to_o hear_v his_o speech_n only_o to_o pass_v a_o judgement_n upon_o he_o not_o the_o hero_n person_n the_o two_o other_o kind_n of_o oratorical_a discourse_n be_v not_o whole_o free_a from_o this_o vice_n some_o be_v so_o vain_a as_o to_o attempt_v it_o upon_o all_o occasion_n and_o at_o every_o turn_n they_o be_v full_a of_o this_o vast_a idea_n of_o themselves_o that_o they_o can_v keep_v it_o in_o but_o out_o it_o must_v come_v spread_v every_o where_o and_o like_o a_o deluge_n overflow_v all_o the_o judgement_n and_o little_a
be_v a_o exact_a relation_n between_o they_o as_o for_o that_o which_o concern_v the_o knowledge_n of_o the_o thing_n we_o make_v use_v of_o in_o a_o simile_n there_o be_v no_o need_n that_o we_o shall_v have_v see_v it_o with_o our_o eye_n it_o be_v enough_o that_o we_o have_v the_o testimony_n of_o common_a opinion_n only_o on_o our_o side_n tho'_o we_o know_v at_o the_o same_o time_n it_o be_v either_o false_a or_o fabulous_a the_o phoenix_n the_o harpy_n and_o the_o adventure_n of_o hercules_n be_v as_o proper_a for_o this_o purpose_n as_o a_o cock_n or_o a_o dog_n or_o the_o action_n of_o julius_n caesar_n nor_o shall_v we_o condemn_v some_o excess_n that_o be_v common_o to_o be_v meet_v with_o in_o these_o simile_n as_o if_o they_o destroy_v the_o justness_n of_o they_o but_o we_o shall_v consider_v that_o in_o this_o case_n there_o be_v a_o hyperbole_n add_v to_o the_o simile_n it_o be_v therefore_o allowable_a to_o liken_v a_o valiant_a captain_n to_o a_o torrent_n that_o bear_v down_o all_o before_o it_o to_o a_o thunderbolt_n that_o meet_v with_o no_o resistance_n and_o to_o a_o lion_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o a_o flock_n of_o sheep_n but_o we_o be_v most_o liable_a to_o be_v deceive_v in_o this_o justness_n if_o we_o look_v upon_o simile_n only_o as_o ornament_n for_o than_o we_o may_v neglect_v the_o justness_n which_o be_v essential_a to_o they_o and_o mind_n nothing_o else_o but_o a_o lustre_n and_o beauty_n which_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v with_o the_o essence_n that_o we_o may_v not_o be_v deceive_v therein_o we_o must_v be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o design_n of_o the_o poet_n and_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n he_o make_v use_v of_o without_o this_o one_o be_v in_o danger_n to_o be_v mistake_v and_o to_o imagine_v that_o a_o just_a and_o suitable_a simile_n be_v both_o false_a and_o vicious_a let_v we_o now_o see_v some_o instance_n of_o this_o virgil_n describe_v the_o beauty_n of_o ascanius_n compare_v he_o to_o a_o precious_a stone_n set_v in_o gold_n and_o to_o ivory_n enchase_v in_o box._n it_o be_v true_a that_o whoever_o imagine_v virgil_n will_v say_v this_o young_a prince_n be_v as_o handsome_a as_o a_o piece_n of_o ivory_n enchase_v in_o box_n will_v find_v this_o simile_n to_o be_v very_o flat_a and_o will_v have_v reason_n to_o complain_v that_o the_o poet_n lessen_v a_o idea_n that_o he_o ought_v to_o raise_v but_o we_o shall_v find_v that_o this_o simile_n be_v just_a if_o we_o will_v discover_v wherein_o it_o consist_v and_o observe_v that_o the_o author_n have_v distinguish_v two_o thing_n in_o ascanius_n the_o one_o be_v the_o shine_a of_o his_o comely_a head_n when_o bare_a and_o the_o other_o be_v the_o colour_n of_o his_o complexion_n and_o that_o of_o his_o hair_n the_o first_o be_v compare_v to_o a_o precious_a stone_n enchase_v in_o gold_n 10._o see_v how_o the_o trojan_a youth_n his_o head_n all_o bare_a do_v like_o a_o gem_n enchase_v in_o gold_n appear_v this_o be_v both_o just_a and_o noble_a but_o the_o whiteness_n of_o a_o face_n will_v have_v be_v but_o pitiful_o express_v by_o a_o precious_a stone_n it_o be_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n more_o justice_n compare_v to_o the_o whiteness_n of_o ivory_n and_o the_o colour_n of_o his_o hair_n to_o that_o of_o box._n ibid._n or_o like_a to_o ivory_n enclose_v in_o box_n so_o shine_v the_o youth_n be_v disshevle_v yellow_a lock_n upon_o his_o milky_a neck_n in_o the_o six_o book_n there_o be_v a_o comparison_n very_o like_o this_o last_o a_o bough_n of_o gold_n which_o grow_v upon_o a_o oak_n the_o poet_n compare_v to_o misleto_n he_o will_v have_v take_v off_o very_o much_o from_o the_o lustre_n of_o this_o precious_a bough_n if_o his_o design_n have_v be_v to_o express_v this_o lustre_n by_o that_o of_o the_o misleto_fw-it but_o this_o property_n of_o gold_n be_v very_o well_o know_v and_o the_o bare_a name_n of_o this_o metal_n raise_v in_o we_o a_o idea_n of_o it_o that_o be_v lovely_a and_o dazzle_a enough_o it_o stand_v in_o no_o need_n of_o be_v heighten_v by_o a_o comparison_n it_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n more_o wonderful_a and_o extraordinary_a to_o see_v a_o tree_n shoot_v forth_o a_o branch_n of_o gold_n of_o so_o different_a a_o nature_n from_o its_o own_o this_o therefore_o call_v for_o a_o simile_n and_o be_v the_o subject_a of_o that_o which_o virgil_n make_v he_o do_v not_o fail_v make_v mention_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o nature_n that_o be_v between_o green_n and_o yellow_a misleto_n and_o the_o oak_n which_o produce_v it_o at_o a_o time_n when_o it_o have_v the_o least_o strength_n and_o look_v more_o like_o a_o dead_a trunk_n than_o a_o live_a plant._n 6._o just_o as_o upon_o some_o sapless_a oak_n do_v grow_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o winter_n verdant_a misleto_n we_o may_v likewise_o say_v that_o this_o simile_n be_v a_o proof_n that_o nature_n produce_v some_o thing_n extraordinary_a and_o render_v the_o fiction_n more_o probable_a for_o virgil_n do_v sometime_o make_v this_o use_n of_o the_o simile_n he_o employ_v this_o be_v manifest_a from_o aeneas_n accidental_a meeting_n with_o a_o carthaginian_a damsel_n that_o be_v in_o armour_n and_o a_o hunt_n the_o poet_n compare_v she_o to_o amazon_n and_o to_o a_o spartan_a lass_n these_o two_o quotation_n prove_v that_o the_o meeting_n with_o a_o damsel_n hunt_v in_o the_o forest_n of_o carthage_n be_v to_o be_v allow_v as_o exact_o probable_a this_o simile_n than_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n better_o more_o just_a and_o more_o ingenious_a than_o if_o he_o have_v compare_v this_o damsel_n to_o diana_n tho'_o this_o last_o will_v have_v seem_v more_o noble_a and_o have_v present_v itself_o soon_o to_o the_o mind_n if_o it_o seem_v natural_a to_o compare_v a_o huntress_n to_o diana_n it_o seem_v no_o less_o so_o to_o compare_v a_o valiant_a commander_n to_o a_o lyon_n shall_v not_o virgil_n have_v do_v his_o hero_n rather_o than_o turnus_n this_o honour_n yet_o he_o do_v the_o contrary_a perhaps_o it_o be_v because_o the_o character_n of_o the_o lion_n be_v anger_n he_o be_v the_o emblem_n of_o it_o and_o 16._o horace_n inform_v we_o that_o when_o prometheus_n form_v man_n out_o of_o that_o which_o be_v proper_a to_o each_o animal_n that_o which_o he_o borrow_a from_o the_o lion_n be_v his_o anger_n the_o similitude_n then_o of_o this_o animal_n be_v not_o at_o all_o suitable_a to_o the_o valour_n of_o aeneas_n but_o a_o great_a deal_n more_o proper_a for_o that_o of_o turnus_n so_o that_o when_o the_o poet_n do_v it_o he_o be_v not_o at_o all_o ignorant_a of_o the_o term_n anger_n and_o fury_n he_o make_v use_v of_o these_o very_a expression_n when_o he_o liken_n turnus_n to_o mars_n to_o who_o he_o never_o compare_v aeneas_n we_o shall_v not_o make_v comparison_n between_o noble_a and_o ignoble_a between_o great_a and_o inconsiderable_a thing_n but_o what_o be_v base_a and_o ignoble_a at_o one_o time_n and_o in_o one_o country_n be_v not_o always_o so_o in_o other_o we_o be_v apt_a to_o smile_v at_o homer_n compare_v ajax_n to_o a_o ass_n in_o his_o iliad_n such_o a_o comparison_n now_o adays_o will_v be_v indecent_a and_o ridiculous_a because_o it_o will_v be_v indecent_a and_o ridiculous_a for_o a_o person_n of_o quality_n to_o ride_v upon_o such_o a_o steed_n but_o heretofore_o this_o animal_n be_v in_o better_a repute_n king_n and_o prince_n do_v not_o disdain_v the_o beast_n so_o much_o as_o mere_a tradesman_n do_v in_o our_o time_n it_o be_v just_a the_o same_o with_o many_o other_o simile_n which_o in_o homer_n time_n be_v allowable_a we_o shall_v now_o pity_v a_o poet_n that_o shall_v be_v so_o silly_a and_o ridiculous_a as_o to_o compare_v a_o hero_n to_o a_o piece_n of_o fat_a yet_o homer_n do_v it_o in_o a_o comparison_n he_o make_v of_o ulysses_n and_o the_o h._n ghost_n himself_o which_o can_v be_v suppose_v to_o have_v a_o wrong_a sense_n of_o thing_n begin_v the_o encomium_n of_o david_n by_o this_o idea_n 2._o as_o be_v the_o fat_a take_v away_o from_o the_o peace_n offer_v so_o be_v david_n choose_v out_o of_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n the_o reason_n of_o this_o be_v that_o in_o these_o primitive_a time_n wherein_o the_o sacrifice_n of_o the_o true_a religion_n as_o well_o as_o of_o the_o false_a be_v live_v creature_n the_o blood_n and_o the_o fat_a be_v reckon_v the_o most_o noble_a the_o most_o august_n and_o the_o most_o holy_a thing_n comparison_n do_v not_o lessen_v the_o passion_n of_o those_o that_o hear_v they_o but_o in_o the_o person_n that_o speak_v they_o they_o general_o denote_v such_o reflection_n as_o do_v not_o usual_o proceed_v from_o a_o disturb_a and_o unquiet_a mind_n so_o that_o it_o rare_o happen_v that_o they_o seem_v natural_a and_o probable_a
non_fw-la quidem_fw-la apud_fw-la graecos_n maledicum_fw-la ad_fw-la carpenda_fw-la hominum_fw-la vitia_fw-la archaeae_fw-la comoediae_fw-la charactere_fw-la compositum_fw-la quale_fw-la scripserunt_fw-la lucilius_n &_o horatius_n &_o persius_n sed_fw-la olim_fw-la carmen_fw-la quod_fw-la ex_fw-la variis_fw-la poematibus_fw-la constabat_fw-la satyra_n dicebatur_fw-la quale_fw-la scripserunt_fw-la pacuvius_n &_o ennius_n you_o may_v see_v plain_o that_o diomedes_n distinguish_v the_o satyr_n of_o lucilius_n from_o that_o of_o ennius_n and_o pacuvius_n the_o reason_n which_o he_o give_v for_o this_o distinction_n be_v ridiculous_a and_o absolute_o false_a the_o good_a man_n have_v not_o examine_v the_o nature_n and_o origin_n of_o these_o two_o satyr_n which_o be_v entire_o like_o one_o another_o both_o in_o matter_n and_o form_n for_o lucilius_n add_v to_o it_o only_o a_o little_a politeness_n and_o more_o salt_n almost_o without_o change_a any_o thing_n and_o if_o he_o do_v not_o put_v together_o several_a sort_n of_o verse_n in_o the_o same_o piece_n as_o ennius_n have_v do_v yet_o he_o make_v several_a piece_n of_o which_o some_o be_v entire_o hexameter_n other_o entire_o jambic_n and_o other_o trechaic_n as_o be_v evident_a from_o his_o fragment_n in_o short_a if_o the_o satyr_n of_o lucilius_n differ_v from_o these_o of_o ennius_n because_o the_o former_a have_v add_v much_o to_o the_o endeavour_n of_o the_o latter_a as_o casaubon_n have_v pretend_v it_o will_v follow_v from_o thence_o that_o those_o of_o horace_n and_o those_o of_o lucilius_n be_v also_o entire_o different_a for_o horace_n have_v no_o less_o refine_v on_o the_o satyr_n of_o lucilius_n than_o he_o on_o those_o of_o ennius_n and_o pacuvius_n this_o passage_n of_o diomedes_n have_v also_o deceive_v dousa_n the_o son_n i_o say_v not_o this_o to_o expose_v some_o light_a fault_n of_o these_o great_a man_n but_o only_o to_o show_v with_o what_o exactness_n and_o with_o what_o caution_n their_o work_n must_v be_v read_v when_o they_o treat_v of_o any_o thing_n so_o obscure_a and_o so_o ancient_a i_o have_v make_v appear_v what_o be_v the_o ancient_a satyr_n that_o be_v make_v for_o the_o theatre_n i_o have_v show_v that_o that_o give_v the_o idea_n of_o the_o satyr_n of_o ennius_n and_o in_o fine_a i_o have_v sufficient_o prove_v that_o the_o satyr_n of_o ennius_n and_o pacuvius_n of_o lucilius_n and_o horace_n be_v but_o one_o kind_n of_o poem_n which_o have_v receive_v its_o perfection_n from_o the_o last_o it_o be_v time_n now_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o second_o kind_n of_o satyr_n which_o i_o promise_v to_o explain_v and_o which_o be_v also_o derive_v from_o the_o ancient_a satyr_n it_o be_v that_o which_o we_o call_v varronian_n or_o the_o satyr_n of_o menippus_n the_o cynic_n philosopher_n this_o satyr_n be_v not_o only_o compose_v of_o several_a sort_n of_o verse_n but_o varro_n add_v prose_n to_o it_o and_o make_v a_o mixture_n of_o greek_a and_o latin_n quinctilian_n after_o he_o have_v speak_v of_o the_o satyr_n of_o lucitius_n add_v alterum_fw-la illud_fw-la est_fw-la &_o prius_fw-la satyrae_n genus_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la sola_fw-la carminum_fw-la varietate_fw-la mistum_fw-la condidit_fw-la terentius_n varro_n vir_fw-la romanorum_fw-la eruditissimus_fw-la the_o only_a difficulty_n of_o this_o passage_n be_v that_o quinctilian_n assure_v we_o that_o this_o satyr_n of_o varro_n be_v the_o first_o for_o how_o can_v that_o be_v since_o varro_n be_v a_o great_a while_n after_o lucilius_n quinctilian_n mean_v not_o that_o the_o satyr_n of_o varro_n be_v the_o first_o in_o order_n of_o time_n for_o he_o know_v well_o enough_o that_o in_o that_o respect_n he_o be_v the_o last_o but_o he_o will_v give_v we_o to_o understand_v that_o this_o kind_n of_o satyr_n so_o mix_v be_v more_o like_o the_o satyr_n of_o ennius_n and_o pacuvius_n who_o give_v themselves_o a_o great_a liberty_n in_o this_o composition_n than_o lucilius_n who_o be_v more_o severe_a and_o correct_v we_o have_v now_o only_o some_o fragment_n leave_v of_o the_o satyr_n of_o varro_n and_o those_o general_o very_o imperfect_a the_o title_n which_o be_v most_o common_o double_a show_v the_o great_a variety_n of_o subject_n of_o which_o varro_n treat_v seneca_n book_n on_o the_o death_n of_o claudius_n boetius_fw-la his_o consolation_n of_o philosophy_n and_o that_o of_o petronius_n arbiter_n be_v satyr_n entire_o like_o those_o of_o varro_n this_o be_v what_o i_o have_v in_o general_a to_o say_v on_o satyr_n nor_o be_v it_o necessary_a i_o insist_v any_o more_o on_o this_o subject_a this_o the_o reader_n may_v observe_v that_o the_o name_n of_o satyr_n in_o latin_a be_v not_o less_o proper_a for_o discourse_n that_o recommend_v virtue_n than_o to_o those_o which_o be_v design_v against_o vice_n it_o have_v nothing_o so_o formidable_a in_o it_o as_o it_o have_v now_o when_o a_o bare_a mention_n of_o satyr_n make_v they_o tremble_v who_o will_v fain_o seem_v what_o they_o be_v not_o for_o satyr_n with_o we_o signify_v the_o same_o thing_n as_o expose_v or_o lash_v of_o some_o thing_n or_o person_n yet_o this_o different_a acceptation_n alter_v not_o the_o word_n which_o be_v always_o the_o same_o but_o the_o latin_n in_o the_o title_n of_o their_o book_n have_v often_o have_v regard_v only_o to_o the_o word_n in_o the_o extent_n of_o its_o signification_n found_v on_o its_o etymology_n whereas_o we_o have_v have_v respect_n only_o to_o the_o first_o and_o general_a use_n which_o have_v be_v make_v of_o it_o in_o the_o beginning_n to_o mock_v and_o deride_v yet_o this_o word_n ought_v always_o to_o be_v write_v in_o latin_a with_o a_o u_z or_o i_z satura_fw-la or_o satira_n and_o in_o english_a by_o a_o ay_o those_o who_o have_v write_v it_o with_o a_o y_z think_v with_o scaliger_n heinsius_n and_o a_o great_a many_o other_o that_o the_o divinity_n of_o the_o grove_n which_o the_o grecian_n call_v satyr_n the_o roman_n faun_n give_v their_o name_n to_o these_o piece_n and_o that_o of_o the_o word_n satyrus_n they_o have_v make_v satyra_n and_o that_o these_o satyr_n have_v a_o great_a affinity_n with_o the_o satiric_a piece_n of_o the_o greek_n which_o be_v absolute_o false_a as_o casaubon_n have_v very_o well_o prove_v it_o in_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o of_o the_o word_n satyrus_n they_o can_v never_o make_v satyra_n but_o satyrica_n and_o in_o show_v the_o difference_n betwixt_o the_o satiric_a poem_n of_o the_o greek_n and_o the_o roman_a satyr_n mr._n spanheim_n in_o his_o fine_a preface_n to_o the_o caesar_n of_o the_o emperor_n julian_n have_v add_v new_a reflection_n to_o those_o which_o this_o judicious_a critic_n have_v advance_v and_o he_o have_v establish_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o judgement_n five_o or_o six_o essential_a difference_n between_o those_o two_o poem_n which_o you_o may_v find_v in_o his_o book_n the_o greek_n have_v never_o any_o thing_n that_o come_v near_o this_o roman_a satyr_n but_o their_o silli_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v also_o bite_a poem_n as_o they_o may_v easy_o be_v perceive_v to_o be_v yet_o by_o some_o fragment_n of_o the_o silli_n of_o timon_n there_o be_v however_o this_o difference_n that_o the_o silli_n of_o the_o greek_n be_v parodious_a from_o one_o end_v to_o the_o other_o which_o can_v be_v say_v of_o the_o roman_a satyr_n where_o if_o sometime_o you_o find_v some_o parodia_n you_o may_v plain_o see_v that_o the_o poet_n do_v not_o design_n to_o affect_v it_o and_o by_o consequence_n the_o parodia_n do_v not_o make_v the_o essence_n of_o a_o satyr_n as_o they_o do_v the_o essence_n of_o the_o silli_n have_v explain_v the_o nature_n origin_n and_o progress_n of_o satyr_n i_o will_v now_o say_v a_o word_n or_o two_o of_o horace_n in_o particular_a there_o can_v be_v a_o more_o just_a idea_n give_v of_o this_o part_n of_o his_o work_n than_o in_o compare_v they_o to_o the_o statue_n of_o the_o sileni_fw-la to_o which_o alcibiades_n in_o the_o banquet_n compare_v socrates_n they_o be_v figure_n that_o without_o have_v nothing_o agreeable_a or_o beautiful_a but_o when_o you_o take_v the_o pain_n to_o open_v they_o you_o find_v the_o figure_n of_o all_o the_o go_n in_o the_o manner_n that_o horace_n present_v himself_o to_o we_o in_o his_o satyr_n we_o discover_v nothing_o of_o he_o at_o first_o that_o deserve_v our_o attachment_n he_o seem_v to_o be_v fit_a to_o amuse_v child_n than_o to_o employ_v the_o thought_n of_o man_n but_o when_o we_o remove_v that_o which_o hide_v he_o from_o our_o eye_n and_o view_v he_o even_o to_o the_o bottom_n we_o find_v in_o he_o all_o the_o god_n together_o that_o be_v to_o say_v all_o those_o virtue_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v the_o continual_a practice_n of_o such_o as_o serious_o endeavour_v to_o forsake_v their_o vice_n hitherto_o we_o have_v be_v content_a to_o see_v only_o his_o outside_n and_o it_o be_v a_o strange_a thing_n