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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A16987	A letter to a friende, touching Mardochai his age which helpeth much to holde the trueth, for that chiefe prophecie of our saluation, in Gabriels seuenties, which shew that most exactly 490. yeeres after the angels speech Christ the most holy should be killed to giue life. Dan 9.23.	Broughton, Hugh, 1549-1612.	1590 (1590)	STC 3869; ESTC S106767	8,944	14

A LETTER TO A FRIENDE TOVCHING MARDOCHAI HIS AGE which helpeth much to holde the trueth for that chiefe prophecie of our saluation in Gabriels seuenties which shew that most exactly 490. yeeres after the Angels speech Christ the most holy should be killed to giue life Dan 9.23 1. Cor. 1.25 The foolishnes of God is wiser then men Imprinted for G.S. and W.W. 1590. OMNE BONVÌ„ SUPERNE The Printer to the Reader THat the Letter folowing might better be vnderstoode I requested the Autour that one speciall Text might be set before it as he had translated it Dan. 9 24. I heard him affirme that none for skill in Hebrew woulde blame that Translation and though many differ it was not for ignorance of the toong but by their conceite touchyng the matter drawyng the wordes as they iudged of the whole cause Thus he translated that poynt which was Gabriels speeche who came to Daniel praying at the time of the euening offering or three of the clocke or ninth houre by Scripture phrase at which houre 490. yeeres after most exactly our Lorde gaue vp the ghost and tolde that at the beginning of his prayer came foorth the worde or answere from God which he came to shew and saith thus Seauentie seauens of yeeres are cut out for thy people and for thy holy Citie to consume wickednes and to abolysh sinnes and to make reconciliation for iniquitie and to bring righteousnes euerlasting and to seale Vision and Prophet and to shew Christ the Holy of Holy Know marke from the out-going of the Worde to returne to buylde Ierusalem vnto Christ the gouernour shalbe seauen seauens of yeeres and sixtie and two seauens in th'other it shalbe restored and buylded Streete and Wall and troublous shall these times be In that after the sixtie and two seauens Christ shalbe killed and not for him selfe therevpon the Citie and holy place shall he destroy the Gouernours owne people to come and their ende shalbe with a Flood and at the ende of warre it shall haue a finall iudgement to desolation But he shall confirme the Testament for many the last Seauen when in Halfe that seauen he shall ende the Sacrifice and Oblation Afterterwardes by an Armie abominable he shall make a desolation euen tyll vtter destruction and finall iudgement flow vpon the desolate And this much for the Readers preparation to vnderstand the Epistle folowing To his good friende A. T. of Mardochai his age a light to Gabriels seauenties YOu desire to knowe of me in what age Mardochai lyued because you holde his tymes to helpe much the trueth of Chronicle whereby sundry Bookes of the holy Prophetes may better be vnderstoode Your request is reasonable because you rightly iudge of the profite arising by that knowledge For whereas the chiefe prophecie in all the olde Testament touching the time of saluation is obscured that of Dan. 9 24 also Dan. 11. Ester Ezra Nehemiah Aggi Zachary by reason that men attribute neare 100. yeeres more then common lykelyhood can suffer or some wryters olde and late wyll graunt to these men after Babel was taken I meane to Cyrus Cambyses Darius Hystaspis Xerxes They who holde Assuerus to be Xerxes who be y e chiefest Patrons of that excessiue time yf it can be shewed that Mardochai was in captiuitie 63. y. must needes graunt that from Cyrus surprising of Babel to Assuerus ende when yet Mardochai was somwhat actiue 30. yeeres agreeth more with the common course of lyfe then 121. And that being setled touching yeeres thence to Tiberius 18. yeere Some old Greeke accompt wil very wel agree with vs for Daniels seauens to make vp 490. yeeres Wherfore your iudgement carefull to know his times must be allowed and endeuour to satisfie your request must be vsed The Scripture whereupon disputation of late groweth is this Ester 2.5 In the citie of Sbushan there was a certaine Iew whose name was Mardochai the sonne of Iair the sonne of Shimei the sonne of Kish a man of Iemini which had been caried away from Ierusalem with the captiuitie that was caried away with Iekoniah king of Iudah whom Nebuchadnezar king of Babel had caried away and nourished Hadassah that is Ester his vncles daughter for she had neyther father nor mother and the mayde was fayre and beautifull to looke on and after the death of her father and her mother Mardochai tooke her for his owne daughter To this text I thinke good to ioyne immediatly an other touching them who were captiued with Iekoniah to shewe that not onely valient men but also women and babes were then caried captiue of which babes Mardochai might be one Thus it is written 2. King 24 14. And he caried away all Ierusalem and all the princes and all the strong men of warre euen ten thousand into captiuitie and all the workemen and cunning men so none remayned sauing the poore people of the land Now yf none were left but the poore of the earth noble women and children must needes be in the reckoning of the captiuitie But let vs returne to the first text Est 2.5 Upon which Scripture we must weigh what hath been thought and may be I holde it doubtles that Mardochai by this text was in the captiuitie The same helde also the most ancient that it may appeare this opinion not to be new but holden constantly of long time the father of TRUTH The Greeke additions to Esther plainely shewe that in ancient tyme Mardochai was holden to be of Iechonias captiuitie for thus it is written Esther 11.2 Mardocheus the sonne of Iairus the sonne of Semei the sonne of Kish of the tribe of Beniamin had a dreame a Iewe dwelling in the citie of Susis a noble man that bare office in the kinges court He was also one of the captiuitie which Nabuchodonosor the king of Babylon brought from Ierusalem with Iechonias That those Greeke additions be very olde it appeareth by Ios Ben-gorion whom Drusius thinketh to be Flauius Iosephus For Ben-gorion in his Hebrewe storie foloweth them and the Greeke church styfly enough helde them Wherefore yf that age were now aliue and called to an after reckoning for the Persian continuance I iudge by Mardochais age they woulde willingly cut off about a hundred yeeres for their ouerreaching Chronicle and reioyce not a litle to haue Daniels times brought to plainnes They did not onely of ancient dayes allow of y e greke additions for Mardochais times but in their owne writinges do the lyke Iosephus sayth that Mardochai had been at Babylon Clemens sayth that he was in the Captiuitie So doth Athanasius in Synopsi in Hester Cedrenus placeth Assuerus in the beginning of Darius and Cy. Monarchy Zonaras much foloweth Iosephus These mens testimonies agaynst their owne negligent accompt shoulde seeme to be voyde of partialitie The like I may speake of the Latines Pagnin his skill in Hebrew geueth place to none Italian former nor later In his

teach of mans redeemer against expresse worde in Daniels ninth controll them selues and call the tymes to as short a reckonyng as trueth hereafter much by heathen accompt will require An Hebrew disputeth learnedly to teach vs that Esters stories fell out soone after the captiuitie because many of rare godlynes must needes then be amongst them that God shoulde in sundry places geue them so great glory It is not commonly seene that the age vnafflicted shoulde be of more godlynes then they who before had felt Gods hand Iosuahs elders and their posteritie teach vs so to thinke likewise Dauids age and Roboames Moreouer the Apostle geueth that company a singuler testimonie Hebr. 11.24 who by fayth auoyded the edge of the sword I doubt not but that of them it is spoken there Ouer and besides the prophecie of Ieremy touching y e good Figges may very well haue accomplishment in Mardochai And Lyra would thinke that in Mardochaies story mention is made of Iechonias captiuitie to shew namely in some that fauour of God performed which in the good Figges was shewed Here I may for the helpe of the Reader abridge Ieremies wordes from Ier. 24. To him God shewed two baskettes of Figges one of good Figges the other of naughty Figges after Iechonias the nobles and artificers of Iudah were caried captiues As the good Figges would God know those captiues and bring them home and as the naughty Figges woulde God geue Zedekias and his princes for a terrible plague Lastly this I thinke holde that none euer denied Mardochai to be of Iechonias captiuitie but such as folowe the reckoning of Olympia games All this considered I iudge it wyll not sone take place that some would teach this opinion to be new or vntrue that Mardochai is sayde to be of the captiuitie of Iechonias And this of Mardochai being graunted my sharpest combaters I trust will not deny but that Daniel might wel vnderstand his owne wordes and the Seauenties from the houre of their vtteraunce and first yeere of Darius and Cyrus in proprietie of spech draw vs vnto the yeere wherin our Lord by death brought lyght lyfe to the world Thus I thought good though as fast as my pen coulde run to write my mynde touching Mardochai that you myght be better confirmed to holde the trueth of Daniels seauens the playnnes and proprietie whereof many Christians striue more to make vncertaine then did the Iewes whom your selfe heard at Franckfurt and VVormes To this I wyl ioyne a particuler reckoning agreeable to Daniels seauens euen from such as for the whole agree not wholly with that which I stedfastly holde to be the trueth Cyrus 3. y. Schubert Wel may he haue reigned 27. y. before Cambyses Artaxast 7. yeeres Herodot but he reigned in his fathers lyfe 2. y. of them at the least as appeareth by conferring Ezra 4. with Dan. 10. Assuerus holden most commonly to be Darius Hystaspis 12. yeeres in Seder Olam Xerxes of whose sole gouernement Ezra maketh no mention onely Dan. 11. He is sayde to be the rich King that shoulde styrre all against Grecia Some holde him to be Assuerus in Hester Vpon their assertion I desputed in Mardochai Schubertus graunteth him 10. yeeres of sole gouernement but Tremelius ioyneth them to his fathers reigne and maketh him but viceroy and all 20. And these be y e chiefe kinges whose accompt troubleth Commenters vpon Daniel Hester Ezra Nehemias Aggai and Zachary agaynst the playne symplicitie which those bookes processe do require Of thē I purpose to write other seuerall Treatises to confirme this accompt in effect which others Iewes and Gentiles holde and to ouerthrow that excessiue reckoning which the games of Olympia cause to more harme for Iewes then the Idole Iouis Olympii was lothsome in their Temple in olde tyme. Now marke other kinges hence from Clemens 1. Strom. Artexerxes 41. His 20. yeere finisheth seauen seauens to the buylding of Ierusalem and full finishyng of the Temple as writeth Aben. Ezra Tremelius Beroaldus Wolphius and the Frenche notes before Ezra touch it The Greekes Iosephus Clemens Eusebius Cedrenus ending the Temple in that tyme had relation to the seauen seauens Dan 9. though the Olympiades carry them somewhat aside but by a friendly censure one might cite them to that textes meaning whereupon they stayed specially seeing otherwyse they are litle constant or worthy credite but when many confirme the matter with them Darius 8. yeeres Artaxerxes 42. y. In this Kinges dayes Xenophon and Ctesias lyued and wrote of him Plutarch wrote also and many Grecians more The more impudent be the wicked Iewes which leaue him out to shorten the tyme and disanull by an other extremitie Daniels seauens Ochus 3. yeeres Darius 6. yeeres Their yeeres in all are 130. The Grekes Alexander 6. Herein I somewhat mende Clement from all other Gretians Ptolomy Lagi 40. yeeres Pto. Philadelphus 27. y. rather 37. Pt. Euergetus 25. y. Pt. Philopator 17. y. Pt Epiphanes 24. y. Pt. Philometor 35. y. Pt. Physcon 29. y. Pt. Lathurus 36. y. Strabo woulde place Lathurus before Physcon Pt. Dionysius 29. y. Cleopatra 22. y. Clemens copie omitteth ten y. in some one by like in Philad to finishe the summe of 294. y. which summe in two places he hath The whole summe is 300. yeeres From Alexanders death in Ptol. 294. that same Melanthon Bullinger and many others folow From Cleopatras ouerthrow by Augustus to 18. of Tiberius 60. y. by accomptes of the olde the later And this I haue layde downe that you myght better know where the Iewes helpe the Gentiles to holde the trueth for what times the scriptures fully helpe vs and where the Iewes may easely be confuted and the Gentiles agree commonly This being well weighed you may see that in Mardochai antiquitie and noueltie must both agree to cast Daniels seauens as I shewed in the Consent of Scripture which I wrote This one Treatise of Mardochai wel considered wil make men more capable of trueth in sundry argumentes which shalbe God willing handled for manifesting of Daniel H. B. FINIS * For so he vvriteth in the Letter ‡ So th'authour taught that euen the faythles Ievve Aben ezra vpon Dan. 9. beginneth the tyme from the vvorde that came foorth at Daniels prayer and endeth it vvhen Christ is sealed And that the Ievv though he coulde not cast the times particularly nor knevv Christ to be the most Holy yet durst not depart from the proprietie of playne vvordes to peruert the spech of the lyuing GOD and he vvyshed others that circumspection Such as begin and ende to that effect may not make here a certaine number for an vncertaine Some geue Cyrus but 3. yeres and that vnder Cambyses 7. to Darius Hyst●spis 12. y. as Sederolam and Xe●xes but 10. alone some more as in Clem. Alex. Cyrus hath y● 30. Cambyses 19. Darius Hystaspis 46. Xerxes 26. Their times before the surprising of Babylon and viceroygne myght well haue so much as other abridge frō this but from Babylons fal 30 yeere must be their most * The question hereupon aryseth whether Mardochai or Kish vvas of the Captiuitie Of olde time it hath been holden that Mardochai was of Iechonias captiuitie The ancient Greeks by their owne graunt would shorten much their accompt for the Persians yeres Pagnins carefull translation is voyde of doubt that by it Mardochai is of Iechonias captiuitie Vatablus agreeth with Pagnin and further speaketh of Kish whom he holdeth him to be Why Kish rather then Saul is named Arias Montanus and Tremelius translations The common iudgement of Italy Fraunce Spayne and Germanie Vir not viri Tiphcha the King-accent vsually distinguisheth ‡ Lyra Brentius Bullinger Lauaterus vpon Ester § Mardochai is named Ezr●● among thē who gaue their names to returne yf occasion best serued so in the first of Cyrus * R. Symeony there vpon Neh 12.3 The authoure of Ezra 4. was watchful to folow the common opinion to make Ezra to be of the captiuitie as immediate sonne to Saraiah killed at the thirde captiuitie 52. y. before the .70 ended 〈◊〉 Nehemias and Ezra seuerall treatises are purposed Codoman and his translater simply ouerseene * Whether Kish or Mardochai should be of the captiuitie The Iewes floute Christians ignorant of Mardochaies times § So S. Ierome thinketh as do som Hebrewes Gryn vpō Ag. Hellanicus of Atossa Il. zeta in Bellerophontes Thucidides dyed in the tymes of Peloponnesus warres An Hebrewes reason of Esters tymes Lyra vpon Iere. 24. * Eyther of them selues or led by others By argumentes drawen from Ester al through compared with Heathen it may well be prooued that Assuerus is Darius Hystaspis and by Hester 3.7 compared with cha 10.2 we may wel thinke that he reigned nothing neare 36 y. Monarch as some Heathen thinke The shortnes of the tyme from Cyr. to Neh. gouernement is sene by the age of these men Seraia Ieremy Esdra● Amaria Hattus Shecaniah Mallu● Rehum Meremoth Abiah M●amin Bilga Semahia which came with Zorobabel Neh. 12. after the buylbing of Ierusalem helped Nehemiah Neh 10. Shanballat an actiue resister lyuing to Alexanders dayes sheweth that it was but a short time afterward betwixt both From Augustus 15. who reigned 56. to 18. further 60. y.