Selected quad for the lemma: book_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
book_n	good_a	think_v	write_v	2,483	5	5.0529	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A86431	A special help to orthographie: or, The true-vvriting of English. Consisting of such words as are alike in sound, and unlike both in their signification and writing: As also, of such words vvhich are so neer alike in sound, that they are sometimes taken one for another. Whereunto are added diverse orthographical observations, very needfull to be known. / Publisht by Richard Hodges, a school-master, dwelling in Southwark, at the Midle-gate within Mountague-close, for the benefit of all such as do affect true-writing.	Hodges, Richard, School-Master.	1644 (1644)	Wing H2313; Thomason E35_9; ESTC R11996	23,032	30

was almost woode A wad of straw to lie upon Woad to die withall Y. A bowe made of yew You and I are good friends V and I are vowels Yews or yew-trees Vse thy friends courteously Your friends are wel Put this in ure A bason and ewre Neither ours nor yours Basons and ewres Hee in ureth himself to it Yee that are wise use yea and nay in your communication Such words which are so neer alike in sound as that they are sometimes taken one for another are also exprest by different Letters in these examples following A. ASk the carpenter for his ax whereby he hath done such strange ac●… Abel was not able to do it It will amase you to see him cary a mace It is al-one whether it be in company or alone His actions were not answerable to his axioms Bowes and arrows Cloth of arras Give your advice and advise mee for the best The valley of Achor An acre of ground The ant is a wise creature An uncle and an aunt Since I learned my Accidence there have bin strange accidents Some are in their behaviour as a wilde as asse B. To play at bowls To drinke in boles An Earl and a Baron A barren wombe A wheel barrow To lend and borrow The Borough of Southwark Hee spent so much upon barley that he went but barely Boyse a mans sirname Boys and girls A bath to bathe in The voluntary Bands were unwilling to come in bonds A threed bare garment To bear a burden The childe did begin to pul of his biggin off Our breath is the cause why we breathe If he loose his bauble in going to Babel hee wil bable babble His bile brake when the pot did boyl John Bruce did bruise his leg when hee ate the brewis in the brewhouse The litle childe began to batle when his father went to the battel I did bore a hole thorow the nose of the wilde boar Who will send an arrant knave to do an errand Bowes and arrows Boughs and branches The sause for the bittern was made very bitter Proud boasters may sometimes want pillows and bolsters for their beds They both went into a boothe You think that you have taken the best but another beast may be as good Your book is not so wel bost that you should have cause to boast They put on their boots when they went into their boats C. Write your copies and get you to play in the copise If you cannot leave coughing you will soon bee put into a coffin When hee cough't I caught him by his coat To tithe mint and cummin To bee long in coming Before I played at ches I unlockt the chests chesse His chaps were ful of chops It was a good chare to set him in a chair and give him good cheer A capital or great offence The Capitol a place in Rome Currants to cary away the water Raisins and corrants By a necessary consequence they may prove dangerous consequents Spare no cost to travel into every coast What were the causes that the causeys were no better lookt unto D. The dun colour was wel done Hee was but a dunse that knew not the duns from the other colours Comely and decent Of a noble descent To dissent or disagree Concerning the word descension there hath bin much dissension When you discomfite your enemies it is no discomfort to mee Bucks and does Let him take but one dose It was such a fine device as none could devise a better Before his decease hee was sick of a dangerous disease Thou art but dust and ashes why dost thou lift up thy self In the time of a dearth not long before his death hee was so deaf that hee could not hear It was not without desert that hee was robb'd in the Desart E. In looking toward the East shee spilt her yeest Shee doth earn her living by spinning of yarn You must either take out of the hedge the ether or the stake His ears were deaf for many yeers together If you had not measured so many els you should else have wronged your self The most eminent man was in the most imminent danger When I was with him but even now he gave mee good words inow but money little inough The two sons of Eli. The I le of Ely Isle F. It was a false report that you had so many fals by the way The Cook hath more skil in a froise than a phrase The watermen had many fares to cary to the fairs His house in the fens was without a fence When I fought with him I committed a fault The hounds do follow the fallow deer A gown lined with fur A fir-tree furre firre To farm or make clean A form of words A fourm to sit upon Pharez a mans name Fairies and hobgoblins The Farmer sold his former yeers crop A smal flie may flee into a narrow place The fishes had fins and scales The fiends of hel G. The Gallants did drink many gallons of wine The child went into the garden and there hee found his Guardian A glas to drink in To set a fair glos upon any thing glasse glosse It was but a foolish gesture that was used by the jester The carman that did wear a jerking never left jerking his horse H. John Howel did howl when he was thrown into the hole Whose hose and shoos are these He was but a homely man which read the Homilie To hallow or make holy A hollow place in the ground I do gues that I shal have ghests guesse The beadle that whipt the whores beeing very hoarse when he went away he rode upon a horse Shee tooke away all that was his The serpents and the snakes did his hisse Let them drive away the hens from hence Holly and Ivie Holy men and women are despised in this world Hepher a mans name A young heifer I. His man James did break the jambs of the wal wall A man that is ingenious and witty ought also to bee ingenuous and Gentleman-like The way is not impassable nor the thing is not impossible It doth imply asmuch as that hee ought to imploy himself wel Why is it not yet done An idol is not to bee worshipt An idle person ought not to eat As you have work inough to do so you have men inow to do it His eyes cannot see the ice Joice a womans Christen-name The joys of heaven K. I know that the dog can gnaw a bone It is wel known that the bone was wel gnawn The knots are fast tied The gnats are very busy in hote weather L. The lines are fairly written His loyns are girded about A man of a lowe stature The Ox did low A man of lower stature Why do you lowre upon me When the lead was layd hee led mee by the hand The leas were added to his lease Hee that told many lies his cloaths were ful of lice I was very loth to do it yea I did loathe to do it When the leases are made give

sig-ning sci-ence sy-ren Cy-rene sa ti-ety These syllables aforegoing may suffice to give a taste of al the others in this kinde Some special observations very needful to bee known for the help of True-writing TAke heed that you never put a double consonant with an e in the end of any word for there is no necessitie thereof And the rather wee may be the bolder so to do because the Learned both in Printing and Writing do dayly practise it Therefore you must not write such words as these thus ladde bedde lidde rodde budde but thus lad bed lid rod bud and in like manner you are to write al other words which end with any other consonant as al hal bal wal gal cal stal only for your satisfaction heerin you are to know that whensoever a cometh before l in the end of any word it must bee pronounc't like au and then what need wil there be of a double l in the word cal when it signifieth as a verb to cal more than there is in caul the substantive when it signifieth a caul or tire to wear upon the head Besides forasmuch as wee use to write the word al with a single l in al-most and al-together by the same reason wee may aswel write al with a single l when it is a simple word as when it is compounded Only in such words as end with f or s they are commonly writen with a double f and an e and with a double s and an e as in chaffe and brasse yet I see no reason why custom should bee offended if the two words aforegoing were writen thus chaf and bras so al other words of this kinde but I submit my self to the judgment of the Learned and therefore howsoever I have practised the same in the Work aforegoing yet I have withal set do●n each word as it is the other way writen that so both ways may bee known Howsoever as I said before there is no neces●…y why a double consonant with an e should bee put in the end of a word yet for some Proper names there is an exception as in these two Anne and Emme but though they are so writen they must bee pronounc't like An and Em. But I must not heer forget to tel you that the observations aforegoing which were for the writing of a single consonant alwayes in the end of a word are meant onely of such consonants whose forces are certainly known and not of such as are not for there are some whose forces are very uncertain as g in tar-get hath a different force from g in the last syllable of gor-get and therefore our custom is that whensoever the force which g hath in the last syllable of gor-get doth come in the end of any word with a short vowel before it it is exprest by dge as in badge ledge ridge lodge judge and not thus bag leg rig log jug for the force which g hath in the last syllable of gor-get is not exprest in the latter words but it is according to the force of g in tar-get And therefore I wish that every one would take special notice heerof that they may see how needful it is to have all the letters so distinguisht as that their sounds and forces might bee certainly known the one from the other for then such words as these which were mentioned before bag leg rig log jug if custom would allow it might be pronounc't as if they were writen thus badge ledge ridge lodge judge but as for things of this kinde I have spoken at large in another Work which I intend yer long to publish As I have shewed before how uncertain the force of g is in many words so also I must speak something concerning the force of c though it bee not altogether so uncertain as the other for c is always known to have the force of s before e and i and might wel bee so call'd if it were distinguisht accordingly but c before any other letters must bee pronounc't like k and ought so to bee call'd for what difference is there between the force of c in these Latine words lac nec sic hoc huc and the force of ck in these English words lack neck sick lock buck yet you are to know that our custom is always to write ck in the end of a word whensoever it cometh after a short vowel as in the words before except it bee after the vowel oo when it is short as in cook hook book and the like And now forasmuch as the force of c and k is al-one and yet our custom is to write them both as in lack neck c. it may be demanded which might best bee spared To this I answer that in regard of the force which is proper to either of them the one might be as well spared as the other for we might aswel write lac as lak and hac as hak yet of the two it were better to write lak than lac and hak than bac because the force of k is better known than c but forasmuch as custom wil allow neither we must for the present write both as in lack deck lick lock luck and so al others of this kinde And forasmuch as it is our custom to expres the force of k after a short vowel by ck I may fitly take occasion heerby to shew when que ought to bee writen to expres expresse the force of k in the end of a word and the rather because it is so frequently used as in Logique Rhetorique Arithmetique publique Catholique and the like where there is no reason why it should bee writen in any of them as also in many others The best help to know how to write such words is to know those words which are derived of them for if we write Logician Rhetorician Arithmetician publication c. by the same reason wee ought to write Logick Rhetorick Arithmetick publick and not Logique Rhetorique c. But in some words we must write que for k as in relique oblique traffique You ought to observe also that ch hath two several forces belonging thereto the one properly belongs to English words and the other to Hebrew and Greek or to such English words as are borowed from thence The force which ch hath in English words is exprest in the beginning of these words namely in charge chest chip chop chalk choak chose choose churn But when the force which ch hath in the words aforegoing dooth come in the end of a word after a short vowel it is exprest by tch as in these examples namely in catch fetch ditch botch hutch These words onely are excepted namely rich which such much and also the word touch which is to bee pronounc't short like tuch The force which ch hath in Hebrew and Greek words or in such English words as are borowed from thence are exprest in these examples namely in Cha-os Che-dor-la-o-mer Al-chy-mist choler cholerick school scholars character Christ Christian Chro-ni-cle

like Such words as end with the sound of ou are writen with ow as how now cow sow bow vow and such like The pronoun thou is onely excepted and such words as end in ough where gh is not pronounc't as bough slough and such like Two of the words aforegoing namely sow and bow are differently pronounc't as in these examples A sow and her pigs To sow the seed To bow the knee A bow to shoot withal The sounds of al such words as these aforegoing which are so uncertain they might for the present bee so distinguisht as to make them better known than now they are that is by putting an e in the end of one of them as in these examples The sow cannot sowe Hee cannot bow the bowe But there are many words which for the present cannot bee so distinguisht as to make them known the one from the other as in these examples Hee did use it for a good use Hee did excuse himself with a bad excuse Hee did offer mee a great abuse to abuse mee so Also there are many words writen alike without any distinction which differ onely in the accent that is in the lifting up of the voice in one syllable higher than in another as in these examples A convert To convert A rebel To rebel The incense To incense Wherein you may observe that any word writen alike consisting of two syllables which may have a or the put before it the first syllable thereof is to be lifted up and that which cannot the latter syllable thereof is to be lifted up As also the like may bee observed for any other words of two syllables which are not alike in writing Some words there be which are alike both in their writing and sound and yet differ in their signification as in these examples The water in the wel wil make him wel The bel weather was in the fields with the sheep in foul weather There bee some words diversly writen and sounded in the same sense as in these examples namely enquire and inquire enform and inform encline and incline endite and indite c. It were to be wisht that there were a greater uniformitie both in our speaking and writing not onely in words of this kinde but also in many others But it may bee demanded of mee for such words as these aforegoing Which is the best way for the true pronouncing and writing of them To this I answer That if any derivative words bee commonly writen and pronounc't with i in the beginning wee may conclude from thence that their primitives ought to bee so pronounc't and writen also But these two words inquisition and inclination bee always both writen and pronounc't with i by the same reason wee ought to pronounce and write inquire and incline and not enquire and encline The like may bee said for al other words of this kinde and therefore in stead of en wee ought always to write in You ought to observe also that al words of more than one syllable ending in this sound us according to our custom they are writen with ous but pronounc't like us as in glo-ri-ous ver-tu-ous righ-te-ous and the like But if ly or nes bee added to such words the sound of us is writen with ous as in glori-ous-ly ver-tu-ous-ly righ-te-ous-nes c. But al words of one syllable that end in us are writen thus us thus and trus or trusse In some words before some letters you are to observe that a is to bee pronounc't like au and to be writen in stead thereof as in these words namely in bald scald as also in mult halt salt shalt Also you are to observe that it is our custom to pronounce al like au and to write it in stead thereof as in balk walk talk stalk chalk malkin calkin calkers falcons as also in almond alms halm balm palm calm shalm psalm malmsey and in like maner it is used in these words namely in calf half salve salves calve calves halve halves as also in scalp scalps And as al is writen for au in the roots so it is to bee in the branches and also to bee pronounc't accordingly as in halving calving salving balking walking c. You must observe also that the sound of ee before some letters is exprest by ie as in field wield shield siel'd Priest piece grief grieve thief thieve chief atchieve brief relieve relief siege liege Pierce fierce biere Lieutenant which is to be pronounc't like Lief-tenant It is to bee observed also that when a word ends in ence if it bee a noun it is usually writen with ce in the end as a fence and a recompence but if it bee a verb it is writen with se in the end as to fense and to recompense and in words of other endings accordingly as a practice to practise and the like Take notice also that al compound words wherein sh th or ph is writen they ought to bee divided thus as hous-hold fals-hood gos-hawk gras-hopper dis-honest dis-honour mis-hap and not thus houshold falshood c. So likewise Priest-hood Neat-herd and not Priesthood Neatherd Also Shep-herd up-hold Vp-holster and not Shepherd uphold Vpholster This one thing also both for the True-pronouncing and Writing of English in a special maner ought to bee observed namely that most of our English words as they are commonly pronounc't are monosyllables for howsoever wee use to Write thus leadeth it maketh it noteth it raketh it per fumeth it c. Yet in our ordinary speech which is best to bee understood wee say leads it makes it notes it rakes it perfumes it Yea custom hath so far prevailed in this kinde not onely with the Learned in their Writings but also with the Pres Presse as it may most plainly appear by many wel-Printed Books now extant Therefore whensoever eth cometh in the end of any word wee may pronounce it sometimes as s sometimes like z as in these words namely in bolteth it and holdeth it which are commonly pronounc't as if they were writen thus bolts it and holds it save onely in such words where either c s sh ch g or x went before it as in graceth pleaseth washeth matcheth rageth taxeth for these must still remaine as two syllables Howbeit if men did take notice how they use to speak in their ordinary speech one to another they might plainly perceive that in stead of graceth they say graces and so they pronounce al other words of this kinde accordingly But I leave this as also many other things to the consideration of such as are judicious hoping that they wil take in good part whatsoever hath bin done in the Work aforegoing that so I may bee incouraged yer long to publish a far greater wherein such things as have bin heer omitted shal bee spoken of at large In the mean time for a conclusion I have thought it good to give a taste thereof in the syllables and words following wherein are exprest the true sounds of al the vowels and diphthongs which are proper to the English-tongue The true sounds of al the short and long vowels are exprest in these examples The true sounds of al the diphthongs are exprest in these examples ad lad ade lade ai day ed led ead lead eu dew id rid eed reed I de ride oi coy od lod aud laud. oad load oi coi ners ud gud ude gude ou cow ood good ood food   FINIS Errata THe first line in the fourth page should have bin plac't in the first page with A. and therefore the word eight which is the third word therein must bee pronounc't like ait In the seventh page in the last line thereof the second word therein which is caught it should have bin taught In the second line of the eightth page the third word therein which is rode must bee pronounc't like rod. In the first line in the thirteenth page in some Copies in the seventh word therein which should have bin jerkin is jerking