Selected quad for the lemma: book_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
book_n	good_a	read_v	see_v	2,579	5	3.2518	3	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A39003	The Excellency of the pen and pencil exemplifying the uses of them in the most exquisite and mysterious arts of drawing, etching, engraving, limning, painting in oyl, washing of maps & pictures, also the way to cleanse any old painting, and preserve the colours : collected from the writings of the ablest masters both ancient and modern, as Albert Durer, P. Lomantius, and divers others ; furnished with divers cuts in copper, being copied from the best masters ...	Dürer, Albrecht, 1471-1528.	1668 (1668)	Wing E3779; ESTC R22483	50,246	138

see_v drapery_n express_v by_o lightning_n of_o of_o it_o with_o fine_a shell-gold_n with_o which_o it_o must_v be_v hatch_v and_o wash_v what_o a_o lustre_n it_o give_v to_o well-coloured_a drapery_n either_o crimson_a green_a or_o blue_n but_o much_o more_o if_o with_o the_o ground_n itself_o you_o mix_v gold_n when_o you_o lay_v it_o on_o sect_n ii_o of_o other_o ornament_n in_o picture_n 1._o if_o the_o body_n you_o be_v to_o draw_v be_v in_o armour_n lay_v liquid_a silver_n all_o over_o for_o your_o ground_n well_o dry_v and_o burnish_a shadow_v it_o with_o silver_n indigo_n and_o umber_n work_v these_o shadow_n upon_o the_o silver_n as_o the_o life_n direct_v you_o 2._o for_o gold_n armour_n lay_v liquid_a gold_n as_o you_o do_v the_o silver_n and_o shadow_n upon_o it_o with_o lake_n english-oker_n and_o a_o little_a gold_n 3._o for_o pearl_n your_o ground_n must_v be_v indigo_n and_o white_a your_o shadow_n black_a and_o pink._n 4._o for_o diamond_n lay_v a_o ground_n of_o liquid_a silver_n deepen_v it_o with_o cherry-stone_n and_o ivory-black_a chap._n vi_o of_o landscape_n the_o bound_n and_o limit_n of_o landscape_n be_v inexpressible_a they_o be_v as_o various_a as_o fancy_n be_v copious_a i_o will_v give_v you_o only_o some_o general_a rule_n for_o paint_v of_o landscape_n and_o so_o conclude_v this_o three_o book_n in_o paint_v of_o any_o landscape_n always_o begin_v with_o the_o sky_n the_o sunbeam_n or_o light_a part_v first_o next_z the_o yellow_a beam_n which_o compose_v of_o masticote_n and_o white_a next_o your_o blue_a sky_n with_o smalt_n only_o at_o your_o first_o colour_n leave_v no_o part_n of_o your_o ground_n uncover_v but_o lay_v your_o colour_n smooth_a and_o even_o all_o over_o work_v your_o sky_n downward_o towards_o your_o horizon_n faint_a and_o faint_a as_o it_o draw_v near_a and_o near_o to_o the_o earth_n you_o must_v work_v your_o top_n of_o mountain_n and_o object_n far_o remote_a so_o faint_a that_o they_o may_v appear_v as_o lose_v in_o the_o air_n your_o low_a and_o near_a ground_n must_v be_v of_o the_o colour_n of_o the_o earth_n of_o a_o dark_a yellowish_a brown_a green_n the_o next_z light_a green_n and_o so_o successive_o as_o they_o lose_v in_o their_o distance_n they_o must_v abate_v in_o their_o colour_n make_v nothing_o that_o you_o see_v at_o a_o distance_n perfect_a as_o if_o discern_v a_o building_n to_o be_v fourteen_o or_o fifteen_o mile_n off_o i_o know_v not_o church_n castle_n house_n or_o the_o like_a so_o that_o in_o draw_v of_o it_o you_o must_v express_v no_o particular_a sign_n as_o bell_n portcullis_n or_o the_o like_a but_o express_v it_o in_o colour_n as_o weak_o and_o faint_o as_o your_o eye_n judge_v of_o it_o ever_o in_o your_o landscape_n place_n light_n against_o dark_a and_o dark_a against_o light_n which_o be_v the_o only_a way_n to_o extend_v the_o prospect_n far_o off_o occasion_v by_o oppose_a light_n to_o shadow_n yet_o so_o as_o the_o shadow_n must_v lose_v their_o force_n in_o proportion_n as_o they_o remove_v from_o the_o eye_n and_o the_o strong_a shadow_n must_v always_o be_v near_a hand_n of_o paint_v in_o oil_n the_o four_o book_n paint_v in_o oil_n be_v of_o most_o esteem_n of_o any_o other_o paint_v and_o indeed_o it_o require_v the_o great_a judgement_n in_o the_o performance_n of_o any_o other_o kind_n of_o paint_v i_o shall_v according_a to_o the_o weakness_n of_o my_o ability_n deliver_v unto_o you_o such_o rule_n and_o direction_n as_o be_v well_o mind_v and_o practise_v may_v in_o a_o short_a time_n make_v you_o a_o good_a proficient_a therein_o presuppose_v you_o have_v read_v the_o three_o forego_v book_n especial_o the_o first_o and_o three_o and_o that_o you_o understand_v draught_n of_o any_o kind_n and_o also_o the_o nature_n if_o not_o the_o manner_n of_o work_v with_o water-colour_n yet_o at_o least_o have_v read_v the_o rule_n there_o deliver_v concern_v the_o use_n of_o they_o you_o may_v fall_v to_o practice_v the_o paint_n in_o oil_n in_o which_o observe_v the_o direction_n follow_v chap._n i._n of_o the_o name_n of_o your_o colour_n and_o how_o to_o grind_v and_o order_v they_o name_n of_o the_o colour_n in_o oil_n black_n lamp-black_a seacoal-black_a ivory-black_a charcoal-black_a earth_n of_o colen_n whites_n white-lead_a green_n verdigrease_n terra_fw-la vert_fw-fr verditer_fw-la blews_n rise_v indigo_n smalt_n vltamarine_n reds._n vermilion_n red-lead_a lake_n india_n red._n ornotto_n yellow_n pink._n masticote_n english_a ochre_n orpiment_n spruce_a ochre_n spanish_a brown_n burn_v spruce_n umber_n these_o be_v the_o chief_a colour_n that_o be_v use_v in_o paint_v in_o oil_n the_o most_o part_n of_o which_o be_v to_o be_v ground_n very_o fine_a upon_o your_o stone_n with_o a_o muller_n with_o linseed-oyl_n some_o must_v be_v burn_v before_o they_o be_v ground_n other_o must_v be_v only_o temper_v upon_o the_o palate_n and_o not_o ground_n at_o all_o the_o colour_n to_o be_v burn_v be_v these_o ivory_n spruce_n ochre_n and_o umber_n the_o colour_n that_o be_v not_o to_o be_v ground_n at_o all_o but_o only_o temper_v with_o oil_n upon_o your_o palate_n be_v these_o lamp-black_a verditer_fw-la vermilion_n bise_n smalt_n masticote_n orpiment_n vltamarine_n all_o the_o rest_n be_v to_o be_v ground_n upon_o your_o stone_n with_o linseed-oyl_n only_o white-lead_a when_o you_o be_v to_o use_v that_o for_o linen_n you_o must_v grind_v it_o with_o oil_n of_o walnut_n for_o linseed-oyl_n will_v make_v it_o turn_v yellow_a those_o colour_n that_o be_v to_o be_v burn_v you_o must_v put_v they_o into_o a_o crucible_n such_o as_o goldsmith_n melt_v their_o silver_n in_o cover_v the_o mouth_n thereof_o with_o clay_n and_o there_o let_v it_o burn_v red_a hot_a when_o it_o be_v cold_a you_o must_v grind_v it_o upon_o your_o stone_n with_o oil_n chap._n ii_o of_o your_o easell_n straining-frame_n cloth_n palate_n pencil_n and_o stay_n i_o may_v here_o describe_v the_o form_n and_o fashion_n of_o your_o easell_n and_o palate_n but_o i_o think_v i_o need_v not_o for_o he_o that_o ever_o see_v a_o painter_n at_o work_n must_v needs_o see_v these_o two_o instrument_n but_o what_o they_o be_v i_o shall_v here_o describe_v a_o easell_n be_v a_o frame_n make_v of_o wood_n not_o much_o unlike_o a_o ladder_n only_o the_o side_n be_v flat_a and_o full_a of_o hole_n on_o either_o side_n to_o put_v in_o two_o pinn_v to_o set_v your_o work_n upon_o high_a or_o low_a at_o pleasure_n it_o be_v broad_a at_o the_o bottom_n than_o at_o the_o top_n and_o on_o the_o backside_n there_o be_v a_o stay_n by_o the_o help_n of_o which_o you_o may_v set_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o any_o room_n more_o upright_a or_o slope_v at_o pleasure_n when_o you_o do_v not_o use_v it_o you_o may_v clap_v it_o together_o and_o set_v it_o behind_o any_o door_n or_o hang_v it_o against_o any_o wall_n out_o of_o the_o way_n a_o palate_n be_v a_o thin_a piece_n of_o wood_n and_o be_v necessary_a to_o be_v about_o twelve_o or_o fourteen_o inch_n long_o and_o nine_o or_o ten_o inch_n broad_a in_o form_n of_o a_o egg_n at_o the_o narrow_a end_n whereof_o be_v a_o hole_n make_v also_o of_o a_o oval_a form_n about_o a_o inch_n and_o a_o half_a in_o length_n and_o a_o inch_n broad_a this_o hole_n be_v to_o put_v in_o your_o thumb_n of_o your_o left_a hand_n upon_o which_o you_o must_v always_o hold_v it_o when_o you_o be_v at_o work_n out_o of_o the_o side_n of_o your_o palate_n near_o unto_o the_o thumb-hole_n be_v cut_v a_o notch_n by_o the_o side_n of_o which_o the_o pencil_n which_o you_o hold_v in_o your_o left_a hand_n also_o may_v come_v through_o by_o which_o mean_v you_o may_v take_v any_o of_o they_o out_o or_o put_v another_o in_o at_o pleasure_n these_o palate_n ought_v to_o be_v very_o thin_a and_o light_a especial_o at_o the_o broad_a end_n but_o towards_o the_o thumb-hole_n somewhat_o thick_a yet_o not_o above_o half_a a_o quarter_n of_o a_o inch_n the_o best_a wood_n to_o make_v they_o of_o be_v pear-tree_n of_o walnut-tree_n a_o straining-frame_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o frame_n make_v of_o wood_n to_o which_o with_o nail_n you_o must_v fasten_v your_o cloth_n that_o you_o be_v to_o paint_v upon_o of_o these_o frame_v you_o shall_v have_v of_o several_a size_n according_a to_o the_o bigness_n of_o your_o clothes_n by_o your_o cloth_n i_o mean_v cloth_n prime_v i_o can_v teach_v you_o how_o to_o prime_n it_o but_o it_o be_v a_o moil_a work_n and_o beside_o it_o may_v be_v buy_v ready_o prime_v cheap_a and_o better_a than_o you_o can_v do_v it_o yourself_o few_o painter_n though_o all_o can_v do_v it_o prime_n it_o themselves_o but_o buy_v it_o ready_a do_v pencil_n what_o they_o be_v i_o need_v not_o tell_v you_o but_o what_o

21_o sect_n 2._o to_o draw_v a_o foreright_a face_n page_n 22_o sect_n 3._o to_o draw_v a_o upright_a head_n ib._n sect_n 4._o of_o the_o incline_v and_o fore-shortned_n face_n page_n 23_o sect_n 5._o of_o the_o nose_n mouth_n and_o chin._n page_n 26_o sect_n 5._o of_o hand_n both_o palm_n back_o and_o side_n as_o also_o open_a and_o close_v and_o likewise_o of_o hand_n and_o arm_n join_v page_n 28_o sect_n 6._o of_o foot_n in_o several_a position_n both_o with_o and_o without_o measure_n as_o also_o of_o foot_n and_o leg_n join_v together_o page_n 31_o sect_n 7._o of_o the_o back_n breast_n secret_a member_n thigh_n shoulder_n etc._n etc._n page_n 34_o sect_n 8._o of_o whole_a figure_n from_o head_n to_o foot_n page_n 36_o sect_n 9_o rule_n of_o symmetry_n or_o proportion_n to_o be_v observe_v in_o draw_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o man_n or_o woman_n page_n 41_o sect_n 10._o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o body_n of_o man._n page_n 46_o chap._n vi_o of_o shadow_v and_o rule_n to_o be_v observe_v therein_o page_n 47_o chap._n vii_o of_o drapery_n and_o rule_n to_o be_v observe_v therein_o page_n 45_o chap._n viii_o of_o landscape_n and_o rule_n to_o be_v observe_v therein_o page_n 46_o of_o etch_v and_o grave_v the_o second_o book_n chap._n i._n of_o etch_v with_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la page_n 48_o sect_n 1._o to_o make_v mr._n hollar_n ground_n and_o how_o to_o etch_v in_o copper_n and_o what_o instrument_n ought_v to_o be_v use_v in_o the_o practice_n thereof_o ib._n sect_n 2._o how_o to_o prepare_v your_o copper_n page_n 49_o sect_n 3._o how_o to_o lay_v the_o ground_n upon_o the_o plate_n page_n 50_o sect_n 4._o how_o to_o transfer_v your_o design_n upon_o the_o copper_n page_n 51_o sect_n 5._o how_o to_o wall_n about_o your_o plate_n with_o wax_n to_o lay_v on_o your_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o to_o finish_v your_o work_n ib._n chap._n ii_o of_o grave_v sect_n 1._o of_o necessary_a instrument_n belong_v to_o grave_v page_n 53_o 1._o of_o your_o oyl-stone_n ib._n 2._o of_o graver_n page_n 54_o sect_n 2._o of_o several_a way_n of_o hold_v the_o grave_a page_n 55_o sect_n 3._o the_o form_n of_o graving-tool_n as_o also_o the_o manner_n of_o whet_v your_o graver_n page_n 57_o sect_n 4._o the_o manner_n how_o to_o hold_v and_o handle_v your_o graver_n page_n 58_o sect_n 5._o the_o manner_n of_o hold_v your_o hand_n in_o grave_v page_n 59_o sect_n 6._o how_o to_o take_v off_o any_o picture_n or_o map-letter_n etc._n etc._n upon_o your_o copper_n page_n 61_o of_o limn_v in_o water-colour_n the_o three_o book_n chap._n i._n of_o necessary_n belong_v to_o limn_v page_n 64_o sect_n 1._o of_o gum-water_n use_v in_o limn_v page_n 65_o of_o gum-lake_n ib._n of_o gum-armoniack_a page_n 66_o of_o liquid_a gold_n or_o silver_n page_n 67_o sect_n 2._o of_o your_o grinding-stone_n and_o muller_n ib._n sect_n 3._o of_o colour_n ib._n chap._n ii_o of_o colour_n use_v in_o limn_v their_o name_n and_o how_o to_o order_v they_o sect_n 1._o of_o the_o name_n of_o colour_n and_o how_o every_o colour_n be_v to_o be_v prepare_v whether_o ground_n wash_v or_o steep_v page_n 68_o sect_n 2._o of_o those_o colour_n that_o be_v to_o be_v ground_n &_o how_o to_o grind_v they_o page_n 70_o sect_n 3._o of_o those_o colour_n that_o be_v to_o be_v wash_v and_o how_o to_o wash_v they_o page_n 71_o sect_n 4._o of_o colour_n to_o be_v steep_v ib._n sect_n 5._o of_o those_o colour_n that_o be_v to_o be_v wash_v and_o ground_n and_o how_o to_o temper_v they_o in_o your_o shell_n when_o you_o be_v to_o use_v they_o page_n 72_o sect_n 6._o of_o pencil_n and_o how_o to_o choose_v they_o ib._n sect_n 7._o of_o compound_v colour_n page_n 74_o chap._n iii_o how_o to_o prepare_v a_o table_n for_o picture_n in_o small_a for_o limn_v to_o make_v use_n of_o your_o light_n the_o manner_n of_o sit_v in_o respect_n of_o position_n and_o distance_n and_o what_o necessary_a instrument_n be_v to_o lie_v by_o you_o when_o you_o be_v at_o work_n page_n 76_o sect_n 1._o how_o to_o prepare_v a_o table_n for_o a_o picture_n in_o small_a page_n 76_o sect_n 2._o of_o your_o light_n ib._n sect_n 3._o of_o the_o manner_n of_o sit_v page_n 77_o sect_n 4._o of_o such_o necessary_n as_o be_v to_o lie_v by_o you_o while_o you_o be_v at_o work_n page_n 78_o chap._n iu_o of_o the_o miniture_n or_o limn_v of_o a_o face_n in_o water-colour_n page_n 80_o sect_n 1._o at_o the_o first_o operation_n or_o sit_v page_n 81_o sect_n 2._o at_o the_o second_o operation_n or_o sit_v page_n 83_o sect_n 3._o at_o the_o three_o operation_n or_o sit_v page_n 85_o chap._n v._o of_o drapery_n and_o other_o ornament_n belong_v to_o a_o picture_n in_o miniture_n ib._n sect_n 1._o of_o drapery_n in_o limn_v page_n 86_o sect_n 2._o of_o other_o ornament_n in_o picture_n ib._n chap._n vi_o of_o landscape_n page_n 87_o of_o paint_v in_o oil_n the_o four_o book_n chap._n i._n of_o the_o name_n of_o your_o colour_n and_o how_o to_o grind_v and_o order_v they_o page_n 90_o chap._n ii_o of_o your_o easel_n straining-frame_n cloth_n palate_n pencil_n and_o stay_n page_n 91_o name_n of_o several_a sort_n of_o pencil_n page_n 93_o chap._n iii_o how_o to_o order_v your_o colour_n upon_o your_o palate_n and_o how_o to_o temper_v shadow_n for_o all_o complexion_n ib._n 1._o for_o a_o fair_a complexion_n page_n 94._o 2._o for_o a_o more_o brown_a or_o swart_a complexion_n page_n 95_o 3._o for_o a_o tawny_a complexion_n ib._n 4._o for_o a_o absolute_a black_a complexion_n page_n 96_o chap._n iu_o what_o pencil_n be_v useful_a for_o the_o paint_n of_o a_o face_n and_o how_o to_o dispose_v they_o page_n 97_o chap._n v._o how_o to_o paint_v a_o face_n in_o oyl-colour_n page_n 98_o chap._n vi_o of_o garment_n of_o several_a colour_n and_o of_o their_o proper_a colour_v ib._n chap._n vii_o to_o temper_v colour_n for_o several_a occasion_n page_n 104_o of_o thing_n meet_v to_o be_v know_v page_n 105_o the_o discovery_n how_o to_o cleanse_v any_o old_a paint_n so_o as_o to_o preserve_v the_o colour_n with_o caution_n to_o those_o that_o through_o ignorance_n have_v instead_o of_o cleanse_v quite_o deface_v or_o irrecoverable_o lose_v the_o beauty_n of_o good_a colour_n in_o and_o old_a piece_n of_o paint_v page_n 106_o of_o wash_v or_o colour_v of_o map_n and_o print_a picture_n the_o five_o book_n page_n 108_o chap._n i._n what_o thing_n be_v necessary_a to_o be_v always_o ready_a for_o wash_v of_o map_n or_o picture_n ib._n sect_n 1._o of_o colour_n for_o wash_v ib._n colour_n to_o be_v use_v in_o wash_v which_o be_v not_o use_v in_o limn_v page_n 109_o sect_n 2._o of_o other_o necessary_n ib._n 1._o of_o allum-water_n how_o to_o make_v it_o page_n 112_o 2._o how_o to_o make_v size_n ib._n 3._o how_o to_o temper_v gold_n to_o write_v with_o a_o pen_n or_o pencil_n page_n 113_o 4._o of_o pencil_n page_n 114_o chap._n ii_o of_o other_o colour_n for_o wash_v both_o simple_a and_o compound_v ib._n 1._o how_o to_o make_v a_o green_a colour_n of_o copper_n plate_n ib._n 2._o to_o make_v a_o green_a another_o way_n ib._n 3._o another_o green_n page_n 115_o 4._o for_o a_o light_n green_n ib._n 5._o to_z shadow_z green_n ib._n 6._o green_n for_o landscape_n and_o rock_n ib._n 7._o to_o make_v a_o blue_n ib._n 8._o of_o shadow_v blews_n page_n 116_o 9_o to_o make_v a_o brown_n ib._n 10._o spanish_a brown_n ib._n 11._o how_o to_o make_v a_o orange-colour_n ib._n 12._o a_o flesh-colour_n page_n 117_o 13._o colour_n for_o the_o sky_n ib._n 14._o to_o make_v colour_n for_o precious_a stone_n ib._n 15._o colour_n for_o landscape_n page_n 118_o 16._o colour_n for_o building_n page_n 119_o 17._o how_o to_o shadow_n every_o colour_n in_o garment_n or_o drapery_n ib._n chap._n iii_o general_n rule_v to_o be_v observe_v page_n 120_o what_o colour_n set_v off_o best_o together_o ib._n sect_n 2._o direction_n for_o the_o mix_v of_o your_o colour_n page_n 121_o these_o with_o several_a other_o book_n be_v print_v for_o and_o to_o be_v sell_v by_o dorman_n newman_n at_o the_o surgeon_n arm_n in_o little_a britain_n near_o the_o hospital_n gate_n folio_n a_o large_a body_n of_o divinity_n in_o ten_o book_n wherein_o the_o fundamental_o and_o ground_n of_o religion_n be_v open_v all_o the_o contrary_a error_n refute_v and_o all_o the_o scripture_n explain_v with_o the_o addition_n of_o 200_o sheet_n by_o edward_n leigh_n esq_n m._n a._n forty_o sermon_n by_o the_o right_n reverend_a father_n in_o god_n ralph_n brownrig_v late_a bishop_n of_o exeter_n a_o relation_n in_o form_n of_o a_o journal_n of_o the_o voyage_n and_o residence_n of_o charles_n the_o second_o king_n of_o great_a

namely_o mr._n w._n hollar_n sect_n x._o the_o proportion_n of_o the_o body_n of_o man._n for_o your_o further_a information_n and_o to_o direct_v your_o judgement_n in_o draw_v of_o whole_a body_n observe_v these_o follow_a proportion_n a_o man_n stand_v from_o the_o top_n of_o the_o head_n to_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o foot_n be_v eight_o time_n the_o length_n of_o the_o head_n the_o arm_n hang_v straight_o down_o it_o reach_v within_o a_o span_n of_o the_o knee_n a_o hand_n must_v be_v the_o length_n of_o the_o face_n the_o hand_n spread_v abroad_o must_v cover_v the_o face_n and_o no_o more_o note_v that_o in_o draw_v a_o figure_n stand_v you_o must_v first_o draw_v that_o leg_n which_o the_o body_n stand_v firm_a upon_o otherwise_o your_o figure_n will_v yield_v one_o way_n or_o other_o as_o it_o be_v fall_v a_o man_n arm_n extend_v be_v the_o just_a length_n of_o the_o whole_a body_n the_o like_a proportion_n be_v observe_v for_o woman_n and_o therefore_o one_o example_n serve_v for_o both_o the_o proportion_n of_o a_o child_n according_a to_o our_o learned_a author_n lomantius_n consist_v of_o five_o length_n of_o the_o head_n according_a to_o the_o figure_n express_v in_o our_o discourse_n for_o a_o example_n to_o the_o practitioner_n chap._n vi_o of_o shadow_v and_o rule_n to_o be_v observe_v therein_o the_o out-line_n of_o any_o draught_n or_o picture_n give_v the_o symmetry_n or_o proportion_n which_o be_v enough_o to_o a_o good_a judgement_n so_o the_o figure_n before_o in_o this_o book_n have_v only_o the_o out-line_n and_o those_o be_v best_a to_o practice_v first_o by_o i_o say_v the_o out-line_n show_v the_o proportion_n to_o a_o good_a judgement_n but_o the_o line_n and_o shadow_n give_v the_o lively_a likeness_n in_o shadow_v therefore_o of_o any_o picture_n you_o must_v observe_v these_o rule_n follow_v rule_n i._n cast_v your_o shadow_n always_o one_o way_n that_o be_v on_o which_o side_n you_o begin_v to_o shadow_v your_o figure_n either_o on_o the_o right_n or_o left_a side_n you_o must_v continue_v so_o do_v through_o your_o whole_a work_n as_o in_o the_o figure_n of_o a_o man_n if_o you_o begin_v to_o shadow_v his_o left_a cheek_n you_o must_v shadow_v the_o left_a side_n of_o his_o neck_n the_o left_a side_n of_o his_o arm_n the_o left_a side_n of_o his_o body_n the_o left_a side_n of_o his_o leg_n etc._n etc._n except_o the_o light_a side_n of_o the_o figure_n be_v darken_v by_o the_o opposition_n of_o some_o other_o body_n stand_v between_o the_o light_n and_o it_o as_o if_o three_o man_n be_v stand_v together_o that_o figure_n which_o stand_v in_o the_o middle_n must_v be_v darken_v by_o the_o foremost_a except_o the_o light_n come_v between_o they_o rule_n ii_o all_o shadow_n must_v grow_v faint_a and_o faint_a as_o they_o be_v far_o remove_v from_o the_o opacous_a body_n from_o whence_o they_o issue_n rule_n iii_o in_o great_a wind_n where_o cloud_n be_v drive_v to_o and_o fro_o several_a way_n as_o also_o in_o tempest_n at_o sea_n where_o wave_n oppose_v wave_n here_o contrary_a shadow_n must_v concur_v as_o strive_v for_o superiority_n here_o in_o such_o case_n you_o must_v be_v sure_a to_o supply_v the_o great_a first_o and_o from_o they_o according_a to_o your_o judgement_n supply_v the_o lesser_a practice_n and_o imitation_n of_o good_a copy_n will_v be_v your_o best_a director_n rule_n iu._n all_o circular_a body_n must_v have_v a_o circular_a shadow_n as_o they_o have_v a_o circular_a form_n and_o as_o the_o object_n of_o light_n which_o cause_v shadow_n be_v circular_a chap._n vii_o of_o drapery_n and_o rule_n to_o be_v observe_v therein_o as_o in_o naked_a figure_n you_o draw_v the_o out-line_n first_o the_o like_o you_o must_v do_v in_o drapery_n leave_v room_n within_o for_o your_o great_a and_o lesser_a fold_n then_o draw_v first_o your_o great_a fold_n and_o then_o break_v your_o great_a fold_n into_o lesser_a contain_v within_o they_o the_o close_a the_o garment_n sit_v to_o the_o body_n the_o small_a and_o narrow_a must_v the_o fold_n be_v shadow_n your_o fold_n according_a to_o the_o direction_n of_o the_o last_o chapter_n the_o innermost_a hard_o and_o the_o outer_a more_o soft_a as_o in_o shadow_v so_o in_o drapery_n good_a copy_n of_o print_n instruct_v best_a yet_o take_v these_o general_a rule_n follow_v rule_n i._n continue_v your_o great_a fold_n throughout_o your_o garment_n and_o break_v off_o your_o short_a at_o pleasure_n rule_n ii_o the_o fine_a your_o drapery_n be_v the_o full_a and_o sharp_a must_v your_o fold_n be_v and_o the_o shadow_n the_o strong_a but_o yet_o sweet_a rule_n iii_o that_o part_n of_o any_o garment_n that_o sit_v close_o to_o the_o body_n as_o the_o doublet_n of_o a_o man_n the_o breast_n of_o a_o woman_n and_o the_o like_a you_o must_v not_o fold_v at_o all_o but_o rather_o with_o your_o sweet_a shadow_n represent_v the_o part_n of_o the_o body_n that_o lie_v under_o the_o garment_n as_o a_o woman_n breast_n with_o a_o sweet_a round_a shadow_n etc._n etc._n chap._n viii_o of_o landscape_n and_o rule_n to_o be_v observe_v therein_o landscape_n be_v that_o which_o express_v in_o picture_n whatsoever_o may_v be_v behold_v upon_o the_o earth_n within_o the_o species_n of_o sight_n which_o be_v the_o termination_n of_o a_o fair_a horizon_n represent_v town_n village_n castle_n promontary_n mountain_n rock_n valley_n ruin_n river_n and_o whatsoever_o else_o the_o eye_n be_v capable_a of_o behold_v within_o the_o species_n of_o the_o sight_n to_o express_v which_o and_o to_o make_v all_o thing_n appear_v in_o draught_n or_o picture_n according_a to_o true_a proportion_n and_o distance_n there_o be_v several_a rule_n to_o be_v observe_v of_o which_o take_v these_o few_o follow_v rule_n i._n in_o every_o landscape_n show_v a_o fair_a horizon_n the_o sky_n either_o clear_a or_o overcast_v with_o cloud_n express_v the_o rise_n or_o set_v of_o the_o sun_n to_o issue_v as_o it_o be_v from_o or_o over_o some_o hill_n or_o mountain_n or_o rock_n the_o moon_n or_o star_n be_v never_o to_o be_v express_v in_o a_o fair_a landscape_n but_o in_o a_o night-piece_n i_o have_v often_o see_v it_o as_o in_o a_o piece_n of_o our_o sarinus_n be_v take_v by_o night_n and_o in_o other_o as_o a_o astronomer_n with_o his_o quadrant_n take_v the_o height_n of_o the_o moon_n and_o another_o with_o his_o cross_a staff_n take_v the_o distance_n of_o certain_a star_n their_o man_n stand_v at_o a_o distance_n with_o his_o darklanthorn_n to_o see_v their_o degree_n when_o they_o have_v make_v their_o observation_n these_o thing_n as_o take_v of_o the_o partridge_n with_o the_o loo-bell_n and_o the_o like_a become_v night_n piece_n very_o well_o rule_n ii_o if_o you_o express_v the_o light_n of_o the_o sun_n in_o any_o landscape_n be_v sure_a that_o through_o your_o whole_a work_n you_o cast_v the_o light_n of_o your_o tree_n building_n rock_n ruin_n and_o all_o thing_n else_o express_v within_o the_o verge_n thereof_o thitherwards_o rule_n iii_o be_v sure_a in_o landscape_n that_o you_o lessen_v your_o body_n proportionable_o according_a to_o their_o distance_n so_o that_o the_o far_o the_o landscape_n go_v from_o your_o eye_n the_o faint_a you_o must_v express_v any_o thing_n see_v at_o distance_n till_o at_o last_o the_o sky_n and_o the_o earth_n seem_v to_o meet_v as_o the_o colour_n in_o a_o rainbow_n do_v there_o be_v many_o excellent_a piece_n of_o landscape_n to_o be_v procure_v very_o easy_o as_o also_o of_o landscape_n and_o perspective_n intermix_v which_o piece_n to_o i_o be_v ever_o the_o most_o delightful_a of_o any_o other_o and_o such_o i_o will_v advise_v you_o to_o practice_v by_o they_o if_o they_o be_v good_a be_v the_o only_a help_n to_o teach_v you_o proportion_n of_o body_n in_o any_o position_n either_o near_a or_o afar_o off_o i_o may_v here_o speak_v further_o of_o damask_v antique_a ●risco_n grotesco_n tracery_n and_o the_o like_a but_o these_o be_v thing_n that_o when_o you_o be_v expert_a in_o good_a draught_n as_o by_o diligent_a practice_n and_o follow_v the_o rule_n and_o example_n before_o deliver_v i_o hope_v by_o this_o time_n you_o be_v these_o thing_n will_v come_v of_o themselves_o and_o indeed_o no_o soon_o hear_v of_o or_o see_v but_o do_v and_o thus_o i_o conclude_v this_o first_o book_n of_o draw_v with_o the_o pen_n and_o pastil_v and_o shall_v now_o proceed_v to_o the_o second_o book_n which_o teach_v the_o art_n of_o etch_v and_o grave_v of_o etch_v and_o grave_v the_o second_o book_n chap._n i._n of_o etch_v with_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la there_o be_v several_a way_n for_o etch_v and_o several_a ground_n of_o divers_a colour_n use_v by_o several_a man_n i_o shall_v deliver_v here_o only_o one_o and_o that_o so_o familiar_a easy_a and_o true_a

that_o i_o believe_v there_o be_v not_o a_o better_a ground_n nor_o a_o more_o accurate_a way_n perform_v the_o work_n intend_v than_o that_o which_o shall_v be_v here_o teach_v it_o be_v the_o only_a way_n so_o many_o year_n practise_v and_o to_o this_o day_n continue_v by_o that_o unparalleled_a designer_n and_o incomparable_a etcher_n in_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la mr._n hollar_n the_o manner_n of_o perform_v the_o whole_a work_n be_v as_o follow_v sect_n i._o to_o make_v mr._n hollar_n ground_n and_o how_o to_o etch_v in_o copper_n and_o what_o instrument_n ought_v to_o be_v use_v in_o the_o practice_n thereof_o take_v three_o part_n of_o virgin_n wax_n one_o part_n of_o asphaltum_fw-la one_o part_n of_o the_o best_a mastic_n if_o you_o will_v you_o may_v take_v away_o a_o three_o part_n of_o the_o asphaltum_fw-la and_o put_v instead_o thereof_o as_o much_o refine_a rosin_n that_o be_v transparent_a and_o clear_a for_o this_o will_v be_v better_a to_o see_v through_o the_o ground_n to_o stop_v up_o what_o you_o have_v occasion_n for_o beat_v your_o asphaltum_fw-la and_o rosin_n together_o to_o powder_n and_o put_v your_o wax_n into_o a_o clean_a pipkin_n that_o have_v never_o be_v use_v before_o and_o set_v it_o over_o a_o gentle_a fire_n and_o let_v it_o boil_v then_o pour_v in_o the_o asphaltum_fw-la and_o rosin_n into_o it_o and_o mingle_v they_o all_o together_o then_o take_v a_o porringer_n or_o such_o like_a thing_n full_a of_o clean_a water_n and_o pour_v that_o boil_a stuff_n when_o all_o be_v melt_v into_o the_o water_n but_o pour_v not_o out_o the_o dregs_o then_o when_o it_o be_v cold_a work_n it_o up_o into_o a_o coal_n or_o ball_n and_o when_o you_o be_v to_o use_v it_o then_o take_v a_o clean_a rag_n and_o double_a it_o that_o no_o dregs_o or_o knot_n may_v come_v through_o the_o rag_n and_o tie_v it_o fast_o with_o a_o piece_n of_o thread_n so_o be_v your_o ground_n prepare_v sect_n ii_o how_o to_o prepare_v your_o copper_n your_o copper_n must_v be_v well_o planisht_v that_o it_o may_v lie_v level_a and_o before_o you_o lay_v on_o the_o ground_n take_v your_o plate_n and_o with_o a_o charcoal_n well_o burn_v coal_n it_o over_o with_o very_o clean_a water_n then_o wash_v it_o off_o with_o clean_a water_n never_o use_v before_o and_o set_v it_o slope_v to_o run_v off_o when_o it_o be_v dry_a then_o scrape_v some_o chalk_n fine_a all_o over_o it_o and_o with_o a_o very_a clean_a fine_a rag_n rub_v it_o over_o but_o let_v not_o your_o finger_n touch_v upon_o the_o plate_n till_o you_o have_v put_v the_o ground_n on_o which_o you_o must_v lay_v on_o thus_o sect_n iii_o how_o to_o lay_v the_o ground_n upon_o the_o plate_n put_v into_o some_o fire-pan_n some_o small-coal_n or_o coal-fire_n for_o charcoal_n be_v too_o hot_a then_o lay_v down_o the_o copper_n over_o that_o so_o as_o the_o fire_n may_v have_v air_n then_o take_v your_o ground_n it_o be_v in_o a_o cloth_n as_o a_o foresay_a and_o rub_v up_o and_o down_o the_o copper_n so_o as_o it_o sufficient_o may_v cover_v the_o plate_n not_o too_o thin_a nor_o too_o thick_a then_o take_v a_o duck_n feather_n of_o the_o wing_n and_o smooth_v it_o as_o well_o as_o possible_o you_o can_v all_o one_o way_n and_o then_o cross_a and_o cross_a until_o it_o lie_v well_o to_o your_o eye_n but_o take_v heed_n that_o your_o copper_n be_v not_o too_o hot_a for_o if_o it_o lie_v until_o the_o ground_n smoke_n all_o the_o moisture_n of_o the_o ground_n be_v burn_v away_o and_o that_o will_v spoil_v your_o piece_n in_o etch_v because_o the_o ground_n will_v break_v or_o fly_v up_o this_o do_v let_v your_o plate_n be_v cold_a then_o grind_v some_o white-lead_a with_o gum-water_n and_o note_n that_o as_o much_o gum_n as_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o cherry-stone_n will_v serve_v for_o a_o piece_n of_o white-lead_a as_o big_a as_o a_o nutmeg_n but_o you_o must_v understand_v that_o you_o must_v put_v so_o much_o water_n that_o the_o white_a may_v be_v of_o convenient_a thickness_n to_o spread_v on_o the_o copper_n then_o you_o must_v have_v a_o large_a pencil_n or_o small_a brush_n as_o the_o painter_n use_n of_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o walnut_n or_o more_o especial_o for_o a_o large_a plate_n and_o with_o that_o strike_v over_o the_o plate_n cross_v twice_o or_o thrice_o till_o you_o see_v it_o smooth_a then_o you_o must_v have_v another_o brush_n large_a than_o the_o first_o but_o very_o smooth_a make_v of_o several_a squirrel_n tail_n with_o that_o you_o may_v smooth_v gentle_o the_o white_a which_o you_o can_v not_o do_v with_o the_o other_o brush_n and_o then_o let_v it_o lie_v till_o it_o be_v dry_a sect_n iu._n how_o to_o transfer_v your_o design_n upon_o the_o copper_n then_o take_v your_o design_n or_o copy_n after_o which_o you_o be_v to_o work_v scrape_v on_o the_o backside_n thereof_o some_o red_a chalk_n all_o over_o then_o go_v over_o that_o by_o scrape_v some_o soft_a small-coal_n till_o it_o mingle_v with_o the_o chalk_n then_o take_v a_o hand-brush_n or_o great_a pencil_n that_o be_v very_o stiff_a and_o rub_v it_o up_o and_o down_o till_o it_o be_v fine_a and_o even_o and_o so_o lie_v down_o the_o design_n on_o your_o plate_n and_o with_o a_o blunt_a needle_n or_o point_n draw_v over_o the_o out-stroke_n you_o must_v have_v several_a needle_n some_o big_a and_o some_o fine_a put_v they_o into_o a_o pencil-stick_a of_o the_o length_n of_o a_o writing-pen_n and_o on_o the_o other_o end_n keep_v one_o pencil_n to_o wipe_v away_o the_o ground_n that_o your_o needle_n fetch_v off_o when_o you_o work_v to_o blunt_v your_o needle_n point_v you_o must_v do_v thus_o blunt_v it_o on_o a_o table_n or_o on_o the_o backside_n of_o a_o copper_n plate_n still_o hold_v the_o point_n downward_o and_o carry_v your_o hand_n circular_a that_o you_o keep_v the_o point_n round_o the_o fine_a needle_n you_o must_v sharpen_v upon_o a_o fine_a whetstone_n and_o still_o turn_v it_o betwixt_o your_o finger_n as_o you_o whet_v it_o as_o the_o turner_n do_v their_o work_n to_o keep_v it_o round_o then_o after_o smooth_v it_o upon_o a_o table-book_n leaf_n and_o as_o you_o work_v you_o need_v not_o scratch_v hard_o into_o the_o copper_n only_o so_o as_o you_o may_v see_v the_o needle_n go_v through_o the_o ground_n to_o the_o copper_n and_o always_o when_o you_o leave_v your_o work_n wrap_v your_o plate_n up_o in_o paper_n lest_o your_o plate_n get_v scratch_n which_o it_o will_v be_v apt_a to_o do_v and_o the_o ground_n will_v be_v apt_a to_o be_v corrupt_v lie_v open_a in_o the_o air_n and_o the_o moisture_n draw_v out_o of_o the_o ground_n and_o the_o same_o inconveniency_n will_v accrue_v by_o let_v your_o ground_n lie_v too_o long_o upon_o your_o plate_n before_o you_o finish_v three_o or_o four_o month_n time_n will_v eat_v out_o the_o moisture_n of_o the_o ground_n and_o in_o etch_v it_o will_v seem_v broad_a and_o deep_a and_o when_o you_o think_v it_o eat_v enough_o you_o will_v find_v it_o to_o be_v eat_v little_a or_o nothing_o in_o winter_n time_n wrap_v your_o plate_n in_o a_o blanket_n as_o well_o as_o paper_n when_o you_o leave_v your_o work_n if_o the_o copper_n get_v frost_n it_o will_v cause_v the_o ground_n to_o rise_v up_o from_o the_o copper_n in_o the_o eat_n with_o the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la sect_n v._o how_o to_o wall_n about_o your_o plate_n about_o with_o wax_n to_o lay_v on_o your_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la and_o to_o finish_v your_o work_n your_o plate_n be_v prepare_v your_o ground_n lay_v on_o and_o your_o design_n transfer_v upon_o your_o plate_n when_o you_o be_v go_v to_o etch_v then_o take_v green_a wax_n and_o melt_v it_o in_o some_o little_a pipkin_n and_o with_o a_o pencil_n cover_v round_o about_o the_o edge_n of_o the_o copper_n first_o with_o the_o hot_a wax_n stick_v it_o round_o about_o the_o plate_n as_o a_o wall_n to_o keep_v in_o the_o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la that_o it_o may_v stick_v fast_o let_v the_o same_o be_v of_o green_a wax_n also_o which_o draw_v 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