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book_n good_a great_a read_v 3,182 5 5.8148 4 true
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ID Title Author Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication) STC Words Pages
A16218 The arte of logick Plainely taught in the English tongue, according to the best approued authors. Very necessary for all students in any profession, how to defend any argument against all subtill sophisters, and cauelling schismatikes, and how to confute their false syllogismes, and captious arguments. By M. Blundevile.; Art of logike. Blundeville, Thomas, fl. 1561. 1617 (1617) STC 3143; ESTC S115613 123,114 214

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the_o art_n of_o logic_n plain_o teach_v in_o the_o english_a tongue_n according_a to_o the_o best_a approve_a author_n very_o necessary_a for_o all_o student_n in_o any_o profession_n how_o to_o defend_v any_o argument_n against_o all_o subtle_a sophister_n and_o cavil_a schismatic_n and_o how_o to_o confute_v their_o false_a syllogism_n and_o captious_a argument_n by_o m._n blundevile_n london_n print_v by_o william_n stansby_n and_o be_v to_o be_v sell_v by_o matthew_n lownes_n 1617._o to_o the_o reader_n mind_v here_o to_o treat_v of_o the_o art_n of_o logic_n in_o our_o vulgar_a tongue_n for_o the_o profit_n of_o those_o my_o countryman_n that_o be_v not_o learn_v in_o foreign_a tongue_n i_o think_v it_o no_o shame_n nor_o robbery_n to_o borrow_v term_n of_o the_o say_a art_n from_o the_o latin_n aswell_o as_o they_o do_v from_o the_o greek_n and_o special_o such_o term_n as_o can_v be_v apt_o express_v in_o our_o native_a speech_n and_o yet_o therewith_o i_o do_v not_o forget_v plain_o to_o show_v the_o signification_n of_o cuery_n such_o term_n so_o as_o every_o man_n may_v easy_o understand_v what_o each_o term_n signify_v think_v it_o much_o better_a so_o to_o do_v then_o to_o fain_v new_a word_n unproper_a for_o the_o purpose_n as_o some_o of_o late_o have_v do_v and_o as_o my_o mind_n be_v hereby_o to_o please_v the_o unlearned_a that_o be_v desirous_a of_o learning_n have_v both_o good_a wit_n and_o also_o good_a disposition_n with_o aptness_n to_o learn_v so_o my_o hope_n be_v not_o to_o offend_v the_o learned_a who_o i_o be_o sure_o do_v well_o allow_v of_o aristotle_n in_o say_v that_o every_o good_a thing_n the_o more_o common_a it_o be_v the_o better_a it_o be_v neither_o be_v they_o ignorant_a that_o in_o old_a time_n past_a aswell_o the_o greek_n as_o the_o latin_n of_o what_o art_n soever_o they_o write_v each_o one_o write_v the_o same_o for_o the_o most_o part_n in_o his_o own_o vulgar_a speech_n every_o man_n be_v not_o able_a in_o these_o 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argumentation_n and_o that_o every_o kind_n of_o argument_n do_v consist_v of_o proposition_n the_o three_o part_n treat_v of_o a_o proposition_n and_o of_o all_o thing_n belong_v thereunto_o four_o because_o no_o sound_a argument_n can_v be_v make_v to_o prove_v or_o disprove_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v in_o question_n unless_o the_o disputer_n know_v from_o whence_o to_o fetch_v his_o proof_n the_o four_o part_n of_o my_o book_n treat_v of_o all_o the_o place_n from_o whence_o any_o argument_n be_v to_o be_v fetch_v and_o the_o five_o part_n treat_v of_o argumentation_n and_o of_o all_o the_o kind_n thereof_o teach_v how_o every_o kind_n be_v to_o be_v perform_v the_o six_o and_o last_o part_n treat_v of_o confutation_n show_v how_o all_o sophistical_a argument_n be_v to_o be_v confute_v a_o postscript_n though_o i_o write_v this_o book_n many_o year_n past_a while_o i_o sojourn_v with_o my_o most_o dear_a brother_n in_o law_n m._n william_n hurnell_n a_o man_n of_o most_o singular_a humanity_n and_o of_o great_a hospitality_n at_o his_o house_n in_o winkborne_n in_o nottinghamshire_n not_o far_o from_o southwell_n yet_o notwithstanding_o upon_o diverse_a necessary_a consideration_n as_o i_o think_v since_o that_o time_n move_v i_o thereunto_o i_o still_o stay_v it_o from_o the_o press_n until_o now_o of_o late_a that_o i_o be_v full_o persuade_v by_o diverse_a of_o my_o learned_a friend_n to_o put_v it_o in_o print_n who_o have_v diligent_o peruse_v the_o same_o and_o like_v my_o plain_a order_n of_o teach_v use_v therein_o think_v it_o a_o most_o necessary_a book_n for_o such_o minister_n as_o have_v not_o be_v bring_v up_o in_o any_o university_n to_o many_o of_o which_o minister_n though_o god_n have_v give_v the_o gift_n of_o utterance_n and_o great_a good_a zeal_n to_o set_v forth_o in_o good_a speech_n the_o true_a christian_a doctrine_n yet_o if_o they_o shall_v have_v to_o deal_v with_o subtle_a sophister_n and_o cavil_v schismatic_n whereof_o in_o these_o day_n the_o more_o be_v the_o pity_n there_o be_v too_o many_o they_o be_v not_o able_a without_o the_o help_n of_o logic_n to_o defend_v the_o truth_n of_o god_n word_n and_o orderly_o to_o confute_v such_o false_a conclusion_n as_o perverse_a schismatic_n and_o heretic_n be_v wont_a to_o gather_v out_o of_o the_o very_a word_n of_o holy_a scripture_n wherefore_o through_o my_o say_a friend_n persuasion_n i_o have_v now_o at_o length_n commit_v my_o say_a book_n to_o the_o press_n pray_v all_o those_o that_o shall_v vouchsafe_v to_o read_v it_o as_o thankful_o to_o accept_v the_o same_o as_o of_o my_o part_n it_o be_v friendly_o offer_v vale._n the_o content_n of_o the_o chapter_n contain_v in_o these_o six_o book_n of_o logic_n the_o first_o book_n treat_v of_o a_o question_n and_o of_o word_n both_o singular_a and_o universal_a what_o logic_n be_v of_o what_o part_n it_o consist_v and_o whereto_o such_o part_n do_v serve_v which_o be_v the_o two_o chief_a office_n of_o logic_n and_o wherein_o logic_n be_v chief_o occupy_v that_o be_v in_o discuss_v of_o question_n which_o be_v do_v by_o definition_n division_n and_o argumentation_n chap._n 1._o what_o a_o question_n be_v and_o that_o every_o question_n be_v either_o simple_a or_o compound_n also_o of_o what_o part_v a_o compound_a question_n consist_v that_o be_v to_o say_v of_o two_o part_n call_v the_o subject_n and_o the_o predicate_v and_o what_o those_o term_n do_v signify_v because_o all_o question_n do_v consist_v of_o word_n either_o simple_a or_o compound_n in_o this_o chapter_n be_v set_v down_o three_o principal_a division_n of_o word_n first_o which_o be_v simple_a and_o which_o be_v compound_v second_o which_o be_v of_o the_o first_o intention_n and_o which_o be_v of_o the_o second_o intention_n and_o three_o which_o be_v singular_a call_v in_o latin_a individua_fw-la and_o which_o be_v universal_a chap._n 2._o what_o individuum_fw-la be_v and_o all_o the_o four_o kind_n thereof_o that_o be_v individuum_fw-la determinatum_fw-la individuum_fw-la demonstratiwm_fw-la individuum_fw-la vagum_fw-la and_o individuum_fw-la ex_fw-la hypothesi_fw-la that_o be_v to_o say_v by_o supposition_n chap._n 3._o of_o universal_a word_n whereof_o some_o be_v call_v predicable_n and_o some_o predicament_n and_o first_o of_o the_o five_o predicable_n that_o be_v genus_fw-la species_n differentia_fw-la proprium_fw-la and_o accidens_fw-la and_o how_o every_o one_o be_v divide_v and_o to_o what_o use_v they_o serve_v but_o first_o of_o species_n and_o then_o of_o the_o rest_n chap._n 4._o of_o predication_n and_o of_o the_o diverse_a kind_n thereof_o chap._n 5._o of_o the_o ten_o predicament_n in_o general_a which_o be_v these_o substantia_fw-la quantitas_fw-la qualitas_fw-la relatio_fw-la actio_fw-la passio_fw-la vbi_fw-la quando_fw-la situm_fw-la est_fw-la and_o habere_fw-la chap._n 6._o of_o the_o forepredicament_n and_o show_v
dilemma_n diverse_a whereof_o some_o be_v call_v certains_fw-fr or_o horn_a argument_n some_o crocodolites_n some_o assistatons_n some_o pseudomenon_n define_v all_o these_o kind_n and_o give_v example_n 1_o the_o horn_a argument_n be_v when_o by_o some_o subtle_a and_o crafty_a manner_n of_o question_v we_o seek_v to_o have_v such_o a_o answer_n as_o we_o may_v take_v vantage_n thereof_o as_o the_o pharisee_n do_v when_o they_o question_v with_o christ_n touch_v the_o payment_n of_o tribute_n to_o caesar._n 2_o the_o crocodolite_n be_v when_o be_v deceive_v by_o some_o crafty_a manner_n of_o question_v we_o do_v admit_v that_o which_o our_o adversary_n turn_v again_o upon_o we_o to_o our_o own_o hindrance_n as_o in_o the_o fable_n of_o the_o crocodile_n whereof_o this_o name_n crocodolite_n proceed_v for_o it_o be_v say_v that_o the_o crocodile_n have_v take_v away_o a_o child_n from_o his_o mother_n reason_v with_o she_o in_o this_o sort_n i_o will_v deliver_v thou_o thy_o child_n again_o if_o thou_o will_v say_v a_o troth_n whether_o therefore_o shall_v i_o deliver_v he_o or_o not_o the_o mother_n answer_v thou_o shall_v not_o deliver_v he_o and_o therefore_o of_o right_n thou_o ought_v to_o deliver_v he_o no_o say_v he_o i_o will_v not_o deliver_v he_o to_o the_o intent_n it_o may_v seem_v that_o thou_o have_v say_v troth_n and_o though_o thou_o have_v say_v that_o i_o shall_v deliver_v he_o yet_o i_o will_v not_o deliver_v he_o indeed_o for_o make_v thou_o a_o liar_n 3_o assistaton_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o cavil_v not_o consist_v of_o any_o sure_a ground_n as_o if_o a_o man_n do_v say_v that_o he_o do_v hold_v his_o peace_n or_o lie_v or_o know_v nothing_o another_o by_o and_o by_o might_n cavil_v thereof_o in_o this_o sort_n ergo_fw-la he_o that_o hold_v his_o peace_n speak_v he_o that_o lie_v say_v truth_n he_o that_o know_v nothing_o know_v something_o 4_o pseudomenon_n be_v a_o false_a or_o lie_a kind_n of_o cavil_v as_o thus_o the_o heaven_n cover_v all_o thing_n ergo_fw-la it_o cover_v itself_o epimenides_n be_v a_o candiot_n himself_o say_v that_o the_o candiote_n be_v liar_n the_o question_n be_v whether_o he_o say_v true_a or_o not_o for_o though_o he_o say_v true_a and_o that_o the_o candiote_n be_v liar_n yet_o it_o be_v false_a because_o a_o candiot_n say_v it_o again_o if_o the_o candiote_n be_v no_o liar_n nor_o epimenides_n be_v a_o liar_n than_o he_o be_v to_o be_v believe_v how_o be_v the_o fallax_n of_o these_o captious_a argument_n to_o be_v find_v out_o the_o fallax_n of_o all_o these_o kind_n of_o captious_a argument_n be_v soon_o find_v out_o if_o we_o consider_v well_o the_o rule_v before_o teach_v touch_v the_o rep●…gnances_n of_o proposition_n as_o whether_o there_o be_v any_o ambiguity_n in_o the_o term_n and_o whether_o the_o selfsame_o term_n in_o the_o repugnant_a part_n have_v respect_n to_o one_o selfe-thing_n time_n or_o place_n or_o not_o it_o be_v good_a also_o to_o consider_v the_o substance_n quantity_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o proposition_n for_o in_o the_o last_o example_n this_o saying_n candiotes_n be_v liar_n be_v a_o proposition_n indefinite_a and_o therefore_o be_v not_o of_o such_o force_n as_o to_o say_v all_o candiote_n be_v liar_n which_o be_v a_o universal_a proposition_n for_o of_o particular_a premise_n nothing_o right_o follow_v in_o the_o other_o example_n you_o shall_v find_v that_o there_o be_v some_o doubtfulness_n in_o the_o term_n have_v respect_n either_o to_o diverse_a thing_n to_o diverse_a time_n or_o diverse_a place_n as_o to_o say_v he_o hold_v his_o peace_n when_o he_o speak_v here_o be_v doubtfulness_n in_o the_o term_n have_v respect_n to_o diverse_a thing_n that_o be_v to_o say_v as_o well_o to_o those_o thing_n which_o he_o mean_v to_o keep_v in_o silence_n as_o to_o those_o word_n which_o he_o utter_v by_o mouth_n so_o in_o this_o word_n suit_n in_o the_o example_n of_o protagoras_n be_v doubtfulness_n for_o that_o protagoras_n mean_v some_o other_o suit_n and_o not_o that_o which_o he_o himself_o commence_v chap._n xxviii_o of_o enumeration_n what_o be_v enumeration_n enumeration_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o argument_n wherein_o many_o thing_n be_v reckon_v up_o and_o deny_v one_o thing_n only_o of_o necessity_n remain_v to_o be_v affirm_v as_o thus_o sith_o thou_o have_v this_o horse_n either_o thou_o do_v buy_v he_o or_o he_o come_v to_o thou_o by_o inheritance_n or_o he_o be_v give_v thou_o or_o breed_v at_o home_n with_o thou_o or_o else_o thou_o do_v take_v he_o from_o thy_o enemy_n in_o time_n of_o war_n or_o if_o none_o of_o these_o be_v than_o thou_o must_v needs_o steal_v he_o but_o thou_o neither_o buy_v he_o nor_o he_o fall_v not_o unto_o thou_o by_o inheritance_n nor_o be_v give_v thou_o ●…or_n breed_v up_o at_o home_n with_o thou_o nor_o yet_o take_v by_o thou_o from_o the_o enemy_n it_o follow_v therefore_o of_o necessity_n that_o thou_o have_v steal_v he_o when_o be_v this_o kind_n of_o argument_n to_o be_v confute_v when_o your_o adversary_n can_v prove_v any_o necessary_a part_n to_o be_v leave_v out_o chap._n xxix_o of_o a_o simple_a conclusion_n what_o be_v a_o simple_a conclusion_n a_o simple_a conclusion_n be_v no_o other_o thing_n but_o a_o necessary_a enthymeme_n in_o the_o which_o the_o consequent_a do_v necessary_o follow_v the_o antecedent_n as_o thus_o she_o have_v have_v a_o child_n ergo_fw-la she_o have_v lie_v with_o a_o man_n chap._n xxx_o of_o subjection_n what_o be_v subjection_n subjection_n be_v a_o question_v kind_a of_o argument_n in_o the_o which_o we_o confute_v each_o question_n with_o a_o reason_n immediate_o follow_v the_o same_o as_o thus_o how_o be_v this_o fellow_n become_v so_o well_o money_v have_v he_o any_o great_a patrimony_n leave_v he_o no_o for_o all_o his_o father_n land_n be_v sold._n come_v there_o any_o inheritance_n to_o he_o by_o descent_n any_o otherwise_o no_o for_o he_o be_v disinherit_v of_o all_o man_n come_v there_o any_o good_n unto_o he_o by_o executorship_n etc._n etc._n if_o then_o he_o have_v not_o be_v enrich_v by_o any_o of_o these_o honest_a way_n either_o he_o have_v a_o golden_a i_o at_o home_n or_o else_o he_o be_v come_v to_o these_o riches_n by_o some_o unlawful_a mean_n this_o argument_n fail_v when_o any_o principal_a part_n be_v leave_v out_o and_o therefore_o differ_v not_o much_o from_o enumeration_n before_o recite_v chap._n xxxi_o of_o opposition_n what_o be_v opposition_n oppositio●…_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o argument_n make_v of_o repugnant_a part_n wherein_o we_o revert_v from_o the_o opposite_a of_o the_o first_o proposition_n unto_o the_o same_o proposition_n again_o as_o thus_o if_o i_o be_v in_o the_o city_n at_o such_o time_n as_o this_o man_n be_v slay_v in_o the_o country_n than_o i_o slay_v he_o not_o this_o proposition_n be_v now_o a_o simple_a conclusion_n and_o may_v be_v make_v a_o opposition_n in_o this_o manner_n if_o i_o have_v be_v in_o the_o country_n at_o such_o time_n as_o you_o say_v this_o man_n be_v slay_v than_o you_o may_v well_o suspect_v i_o to_o have_v slay_v he_o but_o since_o i_o be_v not_o there_o at_o that_o time_n there_o be_v no_o cause_n therefore_o why_o you_o shall_v suspect_v i_o chap._n xxxii_o of_o violation_n what_o be_v uiolation_n violation_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o conclude_v more_o meet_a to_o confute_v then_o to_o prove_v whereby_o we_o show_v the_o reason_n of_o our_o adversary_n to_o make_v for_o we_o and_o not_o for_o he_o as_o thus_o it_o be_v not_o good_a to_o marry_v a_o wife_n because_o that_o of_o marriage_n many_o time_n come_v the_o loss_n of_o child_n to_o our_o great_a sorrow_n yea_o rather_o it_o be_v good_a therefore_o to_o marry_v a_o wife_n to_o get_v other_o child_n for_o our_o comfort_n thus_o much_o touch_v the_o diverse_a kind_n of_o reason_v now_o we_o will_v treat_v of_o fallax_n or_o false_a conclusion_n and_o show_v how_o ●…o_o confute_v they_o here_o end_v the_o five_o book_n of_o logic_n the_o six_o book_n of_o logic_n chap._n i._n of_o confutation_n there_o be_v some_o that_o make_v two_o kind_n of_o confutation_n the_o one_o belong_v to_o person_n the_o other_o to_o matter_n confutation_n of_o person_n be_v do_v either_o by_o taunt_a rail_a render_v check_n for_o check_n or_o by_o scorn_v and_o that_o either_o by_o word_n or_o else_o by_o countenance_n gesture_n and_o action_n which_o kind_n of_o confutation_n because_o it_o belong_v rather_o to_o scoff_v then_o to_o true_a order_n of_o reason_v i_o will_v leave_v to_o speak_v thereof_o deal_v only_o with_o that_o confutation_n that_o belong_v to_o matter_n which_o be_v twofold_a the_o one_o general_n the_o other_o special_a it_o be_v general_a when_o we_o affirm_v that_o the_o argument_n fail_v either_o in_o form_n in_o matter_n
and_o to_o be_v desire_v from_o the_o end_n sigh_v everlasting_a blessedness_n be_v of_o such_o excellency_n as_o neither_o tongue_n be_v able_a to_o express_v the_o joy_n thereof_o nor_o mind_n to_o conceive_v the_o same_o and_o therefore_o aught_o to_o be_v desire_v above_o all_o thing_n as_o the_o just_a reward_n of_o all_o goodness_n and_o final_a end_n of_o all_o evil_a and_o that_o virtue_n be_v the_o only_a mean_a to_o bring_v man_n to_o that_o bless_a end_n who_o then_o will_v once_o think_v that_o virtue_n be_v not_o to_o be_v esteem_v above_o all_o thing_n and_o worthy_a of_o all_o man_n to_o be_v embrace_v logical_o thus_o the_o end_n of_o virtue_n which_o be_v everlasting_a felicity_n be_v to_o be_v desire_v ergo_fw-la virtue_n be_v to_o be_v desire_v hitherto_o you_o have_v show_v how_o the_o aforesaid_a theme_n be_v to_o be_v prove_v with_o argument_n fetch_v aswell_o from_o the_o subject_n as_o the_o predicate_v now_o show_v what_o argument_n be_v to_o be_v fetch_v from_o both_o join_v together_o these_o that_o follow_v and_o such_o like_a and_o first_o by_o comparison_n from_o the_o less_o to_o the_o more_o from_o the_o less_o to_o the_o more_o if_o man_n will_v not_o let_v to_o bestow_v any_o pain_n labour_n or_o cost_v to_o preserve_v their_o body_n from_o death_n sickness_n or_o any_o other_o hurt_n how_o much_o more_o than_o ought_v they_o to_o endeavour_n themselves_o to_o obtain_v virtue_n which_o will_v preserve_v their_o soul_n from_o all_o corrupt_a affection_n and_o evil_a vice_n and_o thereby_o deliver_v they_o from_o death_n everlasting_a logical_o thus_o man_n ought_v to_o be_v careful_a of_o his_o bodily_a health_n ergo_fw-la much_o more_o of_o his_o soul_n health_n which_o be_v chief_o preserve_v by_o virtue_n from_o similitude_n or_o likeness_n as_o the_o beauty_n of_o the_o body_n be_v pleasant_a to_o man_n eye_n even_o so_o the_o beauty_n of_o the_o mind_n or_o soul_n be_v as_o acceptable_a to_o god_n and_o therefore_o as_o man_n will_v be_v diligent_a and_o careful_a in_o deck_v and_o adorn_v his_o body_n to_o please_v the_o eye_n of_o man_n even_o so_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v most_o careful_a to_o deck_v his_o soul_n and_o mind_n with_o such_o virtue_n as_o do_v make_v the_o same_o in_o god_n sight_n most_o acceptable_a logical_o thus_o as_o the_o deck_v of_o the_o body_n be_v pleasant_a to_o man_n eye_n so_o the_o deck_v of_o the_o soul_n be_v please_v to_o god_n from_o authority_n dauid_n the_o prophet_n in_o the_o 34._o psalm_n say_v thus_o turn_v from_o evil_a and_o do_v that_o which_o be_v good_a the_o prophet_n micheas_n also_o agree_v hereunto_o in_o say_v thus_o deal_v just_o with_o all_o man_n love_v mercy_n and_o walk_v diligent_o in_o the_o way_n of_o god_n by_o which_o word_n these_o two_o godly_a prophet_n do_v teach_v no_o other_o thing_n than_o that_o man_n forsake_v all_o kind_n of_o vice_n shall_v with_o all_o diligence_n embrace_v virtue_n logical_o thus_o god_n teach_v by_o his_o prophet_n david_n and_o also_o by_o micheas_n that_o man_n shall_v fly_v vice_n and_o love_v virtue_n ergo_fw-la man_n ought_v to_o love_v virtue_n by_o daily_o exercise_v yourself_o in_o such_o example_n as_o this_o be_v you_o shall_v in_o short_a time_n learn_v the_o right_a use_n of_o the_o place_n and_o be_v able_a thereby_o ready_o to_o apply_v they_o to_o every_o good_a purpose_n here_o end_v the_o four_o book_n of_o logic_n the_o five_o book_n of_o logic_n chap._n i._n of_o argumentation_n and_o of_o the_o four_o kind_n thereof_o in_o general_a and_o also_o of_o the_o first_o principle_n of_o a_o syllogism_n have_v hitherto_o sufficient_o speak_v of_o word_n both_o simple_a and_o compound_n whereof_o all_o question_n do_v consist_v also_o of_o definition_n and_o division_n of_o method_n of_o proposition_n and_o of_o the_o place_n it_o rest_v now_o that_o i_o declare_v unto_o you_o the_o form_n and_o kind_n of_o reason_v call_v argumentation_n which_o be_v the_o mean_n whereby_o in_o all_o compound_n question_n the_o truth_n may_v be_v discern_v from_o falsehood_n wherein_o consist_v the_o chief_a fruit_n of_o logic_n and_o therefore_o you_o shall_v understand_v that_o there_o be_v four_o principal_a kind_n or_o form_n of_o argumentation_n that_o be_v a_o syllogism_n a_o induction_n a_o ethymeme_n and_o example_n i_o say_v here_o principal_a because_o there_o be_v diverse_a other_o form_n which_o though_o they_o be_v not_o so_o necessary_a yet_o i_o will_v bries_o treat_v of_o they_o hereafter_o but_o for_o so_o much_o as_o the_o syllogism_n be_v the_o chief_a whereunto_o all_o other_o be_v reser_v as_o thing_n unperfect_a unto_o a_o thing_n perfect_a i_o will_v first_o speak_v of_o a_o syllogism_n and_o of_o all_o the_o part_n thereof_o but_o yet_o before_o i_o define_v or_o divide_v a_o syllogism_n i_o think_v it_o very_o necessary_a to_o declare_v unto_o you_o the_o first_o principle_n aswell_o material_a as_o regular_n of_o a_o simple_a syllogism_n consist_v of_o simple_a proposition_n which_o call_v you_o material_a principle_n material_a principle_n be_v three_o simple_a proposition_n and_o three_o term_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o subject_n the_o predicate_v and_o the_o mean_a term_n hereafter_o define_v whereof_o the_o subject_n and_o the_o predicate_v be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o outermost_a limit_n or_o bound_n of_o any_o simple_a proposition_n why_o be_v they_o call_v term_n or_o limit_n because_o they_o limit_v a_o proposition_n even_o as_o dole-stone_n or_o mere_n do_v limit_v a_o piece_n of_o ground_n in_o the_o field_n and_o be_v the_o uttermost_a part_n or_o bound_n whereunto_o any_o proposition_n be_v to_o be_v resolve_v as_o for_o example_n in_o this_o proposition_n every_o man_n be_v a_o sensible_a body_n these_o two_o word_n man_n and_o sensible_a body_n be_v the_o term_n limit_n or_o bound_n whereof_o as_o the_o say_a proposition_n be_v compound_v so_o into_o the_o same_o it_o be_v to_o be_v resolve_v as_o into_o his_o uttermost_a part_n that_o have_v any_o signification_n for_o letter_n and_o syllable_n of_o themselves_o be_v without_o signification_n and_o therefore_o can_v limit_v no_o speech_n so_o that_o the_o term_n of_o proposition_n must_v be_v either_o noun_n or_o verb_n which_o be_v only_a voice_n significative_a as_o have_v be_v say_v before_o which_o be_v the_o principle_n regulative_a the_o principle_n regulative_a of_o a_o syllogism_n be_v these_o two_o phrase_n of_o speech_n to_o be_v speak_v of_o all_o and_o to_o be_v speak_v of_o none_o what_o be_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o all_o that_o be_v when_o the_o predicate_v be_v true_o speak_v of_o the_o subject_n must_v needs_o be_v also_o speak_v of_o all_o that_o be_v comprehend_v under_o the_o say_a subject_n as_o when_o i_o say_v every_o man_n be_v a_o sensible_a body_n here_o this_o word_n sensible_a body_n be_v not_o only_o speak_v of_o man_n in_o general_a but_o also_o of_o peter_n and_o john_n and_o of_o every_o other_o man_n in_o particular_a comprehend_v under_o the_o foresay_a subject_n man_n what_o be_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o none_o it_o be_v when_o the_o predicate_v be_v deny_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o the_o subject_n be_v deny_v also_o to_o be_v speak_v of_o any_o thing_n contain_v in_o the_o subject_n as_o when_o i_o say_v no_o man_n be_v a_o stone_n here_o like_a as_o this_o word_n stone_n be_v deny_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o man_n so_o it_o be_v also_o deny_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o peter_n and_o john_n &_o of_o every_o other_o singular_a man_n out_o of_o which_o definition_n be_v gather_v two_o necessary_a rule_n which_o be_v they_o the_o first_o rule_n be_v whatsoever_o be_v true_o affirm_v of_o his_o natural_a and_o proper_a subject_n be_v also_o affirm_v of_o all_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v contain_v under_o the_o say_a subject_n the_o second_o rule_n be_v thus_o whatsoever_o be_v deny_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o any_o subject_n be_v also_o deny_v to_o be_v speak_v of_o every_o thing_n contain_v under_o the_o say_a subject_n whereto_o serve_v these_o rule_n the_o first_o rule_n confirm_v all_o syllogism_n affirmative_a and_o the_o second_o confirm_v all_o syllogism_n negative_a chap._n ii_o of_o a_o syllogism_n what_o it_o be_v how_o it_o be_v divide_v and_o of_o what_o part_n it_o consist_v what_o be_v a_o syllogism_n a_o syllogism_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o argument_n contain_v three_o proposition_n whereof_o the_o two_o first_o common_o call_v the_o premise_n be_v dispose_v according_a to_o mood_n and_o figure_n and_o grant_v the_o three_o proposition_n otherwise_o call_v the_o conclusion_n differ_v from_o the_o other_o two_o follow_v of_o necessity_n by_o virtue_n of_o the_o premise_n how_o these_o three_o proposition_n be_v call_v and_o what_o mood_n and_o figure_n be_v shall_v be_v declare_v hereafter_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n mark_v