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A67020 A call to humiliation for the grievous sin of persecution in two sermons, preached at the publick fasts in Lemster, in the county of Hereford, Wednesday May 21 and June 18, 1690 / by William Woodward ... Woodward, William, Minister of the Gospel. 1690 (1690) Wing W3522; ESTC R23484 25,666 38

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that in the Primitive Times the Saints usually prayed with their Eyes fixed on the Mercy-seat or closed which utterly disables Persons for Reading Prayers 2. The Pastors of Churches in the Primitive Times were under the teaching of the Anointing and had the Spirit and Gift of Prayer The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Justin Martyr Apol. 2. is vindicated beyond all exceptions by which it's most manifest that they prayed not then in their Assemblies by Book or Form but from the Gift and Ability they had So likewise that of Tertullian Apol. 1. Sine monitore quia de pectore oramus shews clearly not only that the Primitive way of Prayer was not by prescribed Liturgies but that it was the Heathenish way of Prayer The Christians prayed by Heart the Heathens prayed by Book The Heathenish Greeks Persians Romans had their Monitors Priests and Sacred Persons who were wont to say Prayers 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 out of a Book This is a matter well known from the Authority of Apuleius Pausanias Livy Cicero Lactantius 3. When the Christians were so numerous at Constantinople that it was thought convenient to Dispose of them in several Churches that zealous Emperour Constantine the Great writes to Eusebius Bishop of Caesarea for fifty Bibles for the use of the Churches but there is no mention of any one common-prayer-Common-Prayer-Book Euseb l. 4. c. 34 36. 4. When Forms of Prayer began to be used every Church made use of what Forms they pleased so Socrates Scholast lib. 5. And it appears by the Epistles of Pope Pius the Fifth and Gregory the Thirteenth prefixt to the Breviarium Romanum that the several Churches of the Roman Communion had their several Liturgies until that branch of the Churches Liberty was taken away by the Council of Trent Here in England before the Reformation we had several Modes of Common-Prayer-Books some after the use of Sarum others after the use of York Lincoln which afterward were reduced to one for publick use and imposed by Law 5. 'T was the Ignorance Carnality the Sloth and Laziness of the Clergy together with their Pride which first brought in and imposed Service-Books upon the Churches as for those Liturgies which bear the Great names of St. James Peter Mark Clemens Basil and Chrysostom they are known Forgeries When the Church began to be an Harlot when Bishops were not Silver Trumpets but Tinkling Cymbals Clouds without Water Bells without Clappers and Breasts without Milk when the Bishops in Councils as of Ephesus and Chalcedon profest they did Literas ignorare and could not write their own Names to confirm their Canons then came in our Liturgies 6. 'T is no part of our business to enquire whether in some cases it may not be lawful to use a Set Form of Prayer but I would satisfie you in this that our way of Worship without the Restraint of Set Forms is most agreeable to the way of Worship used by the Holy Apostles and by the Primitive times for many hundreds of years past before Set Forms were used and many hundreds more before they were imposed Now I must desire you to observe this one thing that there is great difference between Vsing a Set Form and Imposing it which I shall clear to you thus We find Levit. 5. 7. that there was provision made for such as were Poor in their Estates that if they were not able to bring for a Trespass-Offering or Sin-Offering a Lamb or Kid of the Goats he might bring Two Turtle-Doves or Two young Pigeons which the Lord would accept of but if a Rich man that had Flocks and Herds had brought Two young Pigeons the Lord would have abhorred it and much more if all the Rich men in Israel had agreed together from a principle of Covetousness in making a Law that it should be penal for any man be he Rich or Poor to bring any thing for a Sin-Offering besides Two young Pigeons Many persons in the Churches may be poor in Parts and in Gifts and may need the help of a Set Form of Prayer but to Impose by Law a Set Form upon all be their ability for Prayer never so great is to bind us up to the offering of Doves and Pigeons when we are able to bring before the Lord Lambs Kids and Bullocks this were a Law to be disliked Or thus whereas the condition of some that are Lame and Impotent requires the help of Crutches to go to Market and they are to be pitied under their Infirmities yet if a Law were made that every man that comes to Market without Crutches should lose one of his Ears you would all cry out that it was an unequal and unrighteous Law Some may need and use Set Forms but to Impose them upon all under severe and terrible Penalties is that which hath no warrant from Scripture nor the first and best Ages of the Church A Fourth Point we are to look into is that Branch of the Subscription required by the Act of Vniformity which concerns the Covenant it runs thus I do declare that I do hold there Lies no obligation upon me or any other person from the Oath commonly called the Solemn League or Covenant to endeavour any Change or Alteration of the Government either in Church or State and that the same in it self was an unlawful Oath and Imposed on the Subjects of the Realm against the known Laws and Liberties of this Kingdom We have Refused to Renounce this Covenant now consider what we say for our selves 1. There are many useful Preachers and Men of good Learning that never read a Law-book in their Lives they know nothing of Magna Charta Bracton Littleton Cook Common Law Statute Law Is it reasonable then to require them to Declare the Covenant is contrary to known Laws and Liberties which they are utterly unacquainted with 2. Though I am one of those that never took the Covenant yet when I consider That the King Lords and Commons of England and Scotland have taken it 't is a very strange thing if it should bind none of them not one of them A man had need spend some years in Casuistical Divinity and read all the Books which are Extant De Obligatione Juramenti before he absolve two or three Kingdoms and declare understandingly that no one man is bound by that Oath which almost every man took 3. By the Covenant all persons were bound in their places to endeavour a Reformation of the Church according to the Scriptures and the Examples of the Best Reformed Churches is this an unlawful Oath if a man should swear that in his Place and Calling he would endeavour with all his might to cast every Idol out of the World we see our King the Lords and Commons of Scotland have cast off Prelacy and Established Presbytery But I will speak no more to this Subject By what you have heard you may judge whether we have been straining at Gnats or other men have swallowed Camels The Fifth Point