honour_n pedigree_n or_o the_o several_a fountain_n of_o gentry_n be_v a_o treatise_n of_o the_o distinct_a degree_n of_o the_o nobility_n of_o this_o kingdom_n with_o their_o right_n and_o privilege_n according_a to_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n by_o that_o judicious_a lawyer_n sir_n john_n dodoredge_n one_o of_o his_o majesty_n judge_n of_o the_o king_n bench._n london_n print_v for_o william_n sheares_n at_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o bible_n in_o st._n paul_n churchyard_n m._n d_o c._n lii_o the_o table_n the_o several_a dignity_n degree_n and_o title_n treat_v of_o in_o this_o discourse_n imprimis_fw-la of_o the_o king_n 1_o of_o the_o prince_n 14_o of_o duke_n and_o their_o patent_n 36_o of_o marquess_n 58_o of_o earl_n and_o their_o original_n 60_o of_o viscount_n 90_o of_o baron_n in_o general_n 91_o the_o definition_n or_o description_n of_o a_o baron_n 92_o the_o etymology_n and_o derivation_n of_o the_o word_n baron_fw-fr 94_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o dignity_n of_o baron_n and_o the_o sundry_a use_n of_o the_o name_n 95_o the_o tenor_n and_o proper_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n baron_fw-fr 99_o of_o baron_n by_o tenure_n 99_o of_o baron_n by_o writ_n 134_o of_o baron_n by_o patent_n 155_o privilege_n incident_a to_o the_o nobility_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n 162_o certain_a case_n wherein_o a_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n have_v no_o privilege_n 200_o of_o nobility_n and_o lord_n in_o reputation_n only_o 208_o of_o noble_a woman_n 210_o of_o lady_n in_o reputation_n 234_o of_o knight_n and_o matter_n incident_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n 237_o observation_n concern_v a_o knight-batcâ—elour_a 277_o of_o esquire_n 278_o the_o definition_n of_o gentry_n or_o civil_a nobility_n 285_o of_o yeoman_n 288_o a_o treatise_n concern_v the_o nobility_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n as_o in_o man_n body_n for_o the_o preservation_n of_o the_o whole_a divers_a function_n and_o office_n of_o member_n be_v require_v even_o so_o in_o all_o well-governed_a commonwealth_n a_o distinction_n of_o person_n be_v necessary_a and_o the_o policy_n of_o this_o realm_n of_o england_n for_o the_o maintenance_n and_o government_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n of_o the_o same_o have_v make_v a_o threefold_a division_n of_o person_n that_o be_v to_o say_v first_o the_o king_n or_o sovereign_a monarch_n under_o which_o name_n also_o a_o sovereign_a queen_n be_v comprise_v as_o declare_v by_o the_o statute_n thereof_o make_v in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o queen_n mary_n anno_fw-la 5_o parl._n second_o the_o nobility_n which_o do_v comprehend_v the_o prince_n dukes_z marquess_n earl_n viscount_n and_o baron_n spiritual_a and_o temporal_a three_o the_o commons_o by_o which_o general_a word_n be_v understand_v knight_n esquire_n gentleman_n yeoman_n artifiâ—ers_n and_o labourer_n but_o my_o purpose_n at_o this_o time_n be_v only_o to_o speak_v of_o the_o nobility_n and_o especial_o so_o much_o of_o they_o as_o i_o find_v write_v in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o common_a law_n and_o statute_n of_o this_o realm_n this_o first_o i_o have_v observe_v that_o our_o law_n call_v none_o noble_a under_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o baron_n and_o not_o as_o man_n of_o foreign_a country_n do_v use_v to_o speak_v with_o who_o every_o man_n of_o gentle_a birth_n be_v count_v noble_a for_o we_o daily_o see_v that_o both_o gentleman_n and_o knight_n do_v serve_v in_o the_o parliament_n as_o member_n of_o the_o commonalty_n vide_fw-la lambert_n justice_n of_o peace_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 13._o neither_o do_v these_o word_n the_o noble_n the_o high_a or_o great_a man_n of_o the_o realm_n imply_v the_o person_n and_o majesty_n of_o the_o king_n dier_n 155._o but_o with_o the_o civilian_n the_o king_n be_v reckon_v among_o his_o nobles_n doct._n ridley_n fol._n 93._o the_o nobility_n be_v know_v by_o the_o general_a name_n of_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n or_o the_o barony_n of_o england_n for_o duke_n marquess_n and_o earl_n and_o all_o other_o of_o the_o nobility_n do_v sit_v together_o in_o the_o king_n great_a council_n in_o parliament_n as_o baron_n and_o in_o right_a only_o of_o their_o barony_n and_o therefore_o by_o the_o general_a name_n of_o baron_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o for_o the_o baronage_n thereof_o we_o do_v understand_v the_o whole_a body_n of_o the_o nobility_n the_o parliament-robe_n of_o duke_n differ_v nothing_o from_o the_o baron_n but_o they_o wear_v the_o guard_n upon_o their_o shoulder_n three_o or_o four_o fold_n for_o although_o duke_n marquess_n earl_n and_o viscount_n in_o their_o creation_n be_v attire_v with_o garment_n of_o silk_n and_o velvet_n yet_o in_o the_o parliament_n they_o use_v the_o same_o as_o baron_n do_v make_v with_o scarlet_n with_o divers_a difference_n of_o white_a fur_n set_v with_o freinge_n or_o edge_v on_o their_o shoulder_n for_o there_o they_o sit_v by_o reason_n of_o their_o barony_n and_o according_a to_o their_o dignity_n take_v their_o place_n thomas_z mill_n fol._n 66._o and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o those_o bloody_a civil_a war_n concern_v the_o liberty_n grant_v by_o the_o great_a charter_n both_o in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n john_n and_o h._n 3_o his_o son_n persecute_v by_o all_o the_o nobility_n of_o this_o realm_n some_o few_o except_v be_v call_v in_o our_o history_n the_o baron_n war_n neither_o have_v the_o spiritual_a lord_n and_o peer_n of_o the_o parliament_n any_o other_o title_n to_o that_o preeminency_n but_o because_o of_o their_o ancient_a barony_n for_o although_o original_o all_o the_o possession_n of_o bishop_n abbot_n and_o pryor_n be_v give_v and_o hold_v in_o franckalmayn_n yet_o short_o after_o the_o norman_a conquest_n most_o of_o their_o tenor_n be_v alter_v viz._n per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la as_o appear_v by_o matthew_n paris_n anno_fw-la 1070._o 66._o and_o of_o that_o tenure_n have_v continue_v ever_o since_o as_o you_o may_v read_v by_o the_o consulation_n of_o claringdon_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o hen._n 2._o and_o in_o glanvile_n and_o bracton_n but_o the_o tenure_n of_o all_o abbot_n and_o pryor_n be_v extinguish_v by_o the_o unite_n and_o convey_v they_o to_o the_o crown_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o dissolution_n of_o monastery_n make_v anno_fw-la 31_o hen._n 8._o cap._n 13._o and_o though_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n in_o title_n and_o by_o certain_a ceremony_n may_v be_v distinguish_v yet_o a_o baron_n be_v in_o equipage_n as_o unto_o nobility_n and_o privilege_n incident_a to_o their_o diguity_n with_o duke_n marquess_n earl_n cook_n 6._o part_n 53._o and_o it_o be_v in_o ordinary_a experience_n that_o duke_n and_o other_o of_o any_o high_a degree_n of_o nobility_n in_o case_n criminal_a be_v try_v by_o baron_n together_o with_o many_o earl_n and_o viscount_n as_o their_o peer_n and_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n nobilitas_fw-la general_o signify_v and_o be_v derive_v of_o the_o word_n nosco_fw-la to_o know_v signify_v in_o common_a phrase_n of_o speech_n both_o with_o the_o latin_n and_o eke_o with_o we_o englishman_n a_o generosity_n of_o blood_n and_o degree_n and_o therefore_o one_o say_v vir_fw-la nobilis_fw-la idem_fw-la est_fw-la quoth_v not_o we_o &_o per_fw-mi omniâ—_n etc._n etc._n a_o nobleman_n be_v he_o who_o be_v know_v and_o the_o heroical_a virtue_n of_o his_o life_n talk_v of_o in_o every_o man_n mouâ—h_n but_o especial_o it_o be_v apply_v and_o use_v to_o express_v the_o reward_n of_o virtue_n in_o honourable_a measure_n &_o gâ—neris_fw-la claritatem_fw-la and_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v omit_v that_o the_o law_n do_v prohibit_v any_o subject_n of_o this_o realm_n to_o receive_v title_n of_o honour_n or_o dignity_n of_o the_o gift_n or_o donation_n of_o a_o foreign_a prince_n or_o king_n or_o emperor_n for_o it_o be_v a_o thing_n great_o touch_v the_o majesty_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o state_n of_o his_o kingdom_n est_fw-la jus_o majestatis_fw-la &_o inter_fw-la insignia_fw-la summâ—_n potestatis_fw-la it_o be_v the_o right_n of_o majesty_n and_o among_o the_o ensign_n of_o high_a power_n vide_fw-la cook_n 7._o part_n 25._o 6._o and_o if_o that_o mâ—n_z shall_v bring_v a_o action_n and_o in_o the_o writ_n be_v style_v by_o such_o foreign_a title_n and_o name_n of_o honour_n the_o defendant_n may_v plead_v in_o abatement_n of_o his_o writ_n that_o he_o be_v no_o duke_n marquesse_n earl_n or_o baron_n whereupon_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n or_o demandant_n take_v issue_n this_o issue_n shall_v not_o be_v try_v by_o jury_n but_o by_o record_n of_o the_o parliament_n wherein_o he_o fail_v and_o if_o a_o english_a man_n be_v make_v earl_n of_o the_o empire_n or_o of_o any_o other_o foreign_a nation_n create_v into_o honour_n and_o the_o king_n also_o do_v make_v he_o into_o any_o title_n of_o honour_n in_o england_n he_o shall_v now_o be_v name_v in_o all_o his_o judicial_a
of_o we_o be_v deem_v the_o same_o person_n with_o we_o wherefore_o by_o the_o council_n and_o consent_n of_o the_o prelate_n duke_n earls_z viscount_n and_o baron_n of_o our_o kingdom_n be_v in_o our_o present_a parliament_n we_o have_v make_v and_o create_v and_o by_o these_o present_n make_v and_o create_v he_o the_o say_v edward_n prince_n of_o wales_n and_o earl_n of_o chester_n and_o to_o the_o same_o edward_n we_o give_v and_o grant_v and_o by_o this_o charter_n have_v confirm_v the_o name_n style_n title_n state_n dignity_n and_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o say_a principality_n that_o he_o may_v therein_o in_o govern_v rule_n and_o in_o rule_v direct_a and_o defend_v we_o by_o a_o garland_n upon_o his_o head_n by_o a_o ring_n of_o gold_n upon_o his_o finger_n and_o a_o verge_n of_o gold_n have_v according_a to_o the_o manner_n invest_v he_o to_o have_v and_o to_o hold_v to_o he_o and_o to_o his_o heir_n the_o king_n of_o england_n for_o ever_o wherefore_o we_o will_v and_o straight_o command_v for_o we_o and_o our_o heir_n that_o edward_n our_o son_n aforesaid_a shall_v have_v the_o name_n style_n title_n state_n dignity_n and_o honour_n of_o the_o principality_n of_o wales_n and_o of_o the_o county_n of_o chester_n aforesaid_a unto_o he_o and_o his_o heir_n the_o king_n of_o england_n aforesaid_a for_o ever_o these_o be_v witness_n the_o reverend_a father_n john_n cardinal_n and_o archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n primate_n of_o all_o england_n our_o chancellor_n and_o william_n archbishop_z of_o york_z primate_n of_o england_n thomas_n bishop_n of_o london_n john_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n and_o william_n bishop_n of_o norwich_n our_o most_o well-beloved_a cousin_n richard_n duke_n of_o york_n humpbry_n duke_n of_o buckingham_n our_o well-beloved_a cousin_n richard_n earl_n of_o warwick_n richard_z earl_n of_o salisbury_z john_n earl_n of_o wiltshire_n and_o our_o well-beloved_a and_o faithful_a cousin_n ralph_n cromwell_n chamberlain_z of_o our_o house_n william_n falconbridge_n and_o john_n sturton_n knight_n date_v at_o our_o palace_n at_o westminsterâ—he_n â—he_z fifteen_o day_n of_o march_n and_o in_o the_o year_n of_o our_o reign_n â—hirty_o two_o and_o here_o by_o the_o way_n may_v be_v observe_v that_o in_o ancient_a time_n and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o english_a saxon_a king_n the_o use_n be_v as_o well_o in_o pen_v the_o act_n of_o parliament_n as_o of_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n when_o any_o land_n franchise_n or_o hereditament_n do_v pass_v from_o the_o king_n of_o any_o estate_n of_o inheritance_n as_o also_o in_o their_o creation_n of_o any_o man_n unto_o honour_n and_o dignity_n the_o conclusion_n be_v with_o the_o sign_n of_o the_o cross_n in_o form_n aforesaid_a that_o be_v his_o testibus_fw-la &c._n &c._n but_o long_a time_n that_o form_n have_v be_v discontinue_v so_o that_o at_o this_o day_n and_o for_o many_o year_n past_a all_o the_o king_n patent_n for_o land_n franchise_n and_o hâ—reditaments_n do_v conclude_v with_o testae_fw-la i_o ipso_fw-la nevertheless_o in_o all_o creation_n of_o honour_n and_o dignity_n by_o letter_n patent_n the_o ancient_a form_n of_o conclude_v with_o his_o testihus_o be_v use_v at_o this_o day_n cook_n 8._o part_n 19_o and_o it_o have_v be_v resolve_v by_o the_o judge_n that_o all_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o statute_n which_o do_v concern_v the_o prince_n who_o be_v the_o first_o beget_v son_n of_o the_o king_n and_o heir_n apparent_a to_o the_o crown_n for_o the_o time_n be_v perpetuis_fw-la futuris_fw-la temporibus_fw-la in_o all_o succession_n of_o age_n and_o time_n be_v such_o act_n whereof_o the_o judge_n and_o all_o the_o realm_n must_v take_v conusance_n as_o of_o general_a statute_n for_o every_o subject_n have_v interest_n in_o the_o king_n and_o none_o of_o his_o subject_n who_o be_v within_o his_o law_n be_v divide_v from_o he_o be_v his_o head_n and_o sovereign_n so_o that_o the_o business_n and_o thing_n of_o the_o king_n do_v touch_v all_o the_o realm_n and_o namely_o when_o it_o do_v concern_v the_o prince_n the_o first_o beget_v son_n of_o the_o king_n and_o heir_n apparent_a to_o the_o crown_n corruscat_n enim_fw-la princeps_fw-la radlis_fw-la regâ—s_fw-la patrâ—_n sii_fw-la &_o censetnr_fw-la und_fw-ge persona_fw-la cum_fw-la ipso_fw-la for_o the_o prince_n shine_v with_o the_o beam_n of_o the_o king_n his_o father_n and_o be_v hold_v to_o be_v one_o person_n with_o he_o cook_n 8._o part_n 28._o although_o the_o prince_n by_o express_a word_n have_v no_o privilege_n by_o the_o great_a charter_n of_o the_o forest_n 9_o h._n 3._o cap._n 11._o for_o hunt_v in_o the_o king_n forest_n or_o park_n pass_v by_o they_o and_o send_v for_o by_o the_o king_n commandment_n yet_o by_o construction_n the_o prince_n be_v to_o take_v benefit_n and_o advantage_n thereby_o as_o well_o as_o bishop_n earls_z or_o baron_n who_o be_v express_v crompt_v court_n des_fw-fr justice_n de_fw-fr forest_n 167._o in_o the_o parliament_n 31._o h._n 8._o c._n 10._o a_o act_n concern_v the_o place_n of_o the_o king_n child_n and_o lord_n in_o the_o parliament_n and_o other_o assembly_n be_v among_o other_o thing_n make_v as_o follow_v first_o it_o be_v enact_v by_o the_o authority_n aforesaid_a that_o no_o person_n or_o person_n of_o what_o degree_n estate_n or_o condition_n whatsoever_o he_o or_o they_o be_v except_o only_o the_o king_n child_n shall_v at_o any_o time_n hereafter_o attempt_v or_o presume_v to_o sit_v or_o have_v place_n at_o any_o side_n of_o the_o cloth_n of_o state_n in_o the_o parliament_n chamber_n neither_o of_o the_o one_o hand_n of_o the_o king_n highness_n or_o of_o the_o other_o whether_o the_o king_n majesty_n be_v there_o personal_o present_a or_o not_o the_o prince_n shall_v not_o find_v pledge_n for_o the_o prosecution_n of_o any_o action_n and_o therefore_o shall_v be_v amerce_v more_o than_o the_o king_n shall_v be_v or_o the_o queen_n his_o wife_n vide_fw-la cook_n 8._o part_n 61._o b._n of_o the_o most_o noble_a and_o excellent_a prince_n that_o now_o be_v it_o be_v true_o say_v that_o he_o be_v omni_fw-la nomine_fw-la numine_fw-la magnus_fw-la by_o destiny_n name_n &_o providence_n of_o god_n the_o great_a before_o cook_n to_o the_o reader_n before_o his_o 8._o book_n the_o last_o leaf_n nevertheless_o as_o he_o be_v a_o distinct_a person_n by_o nature_n from_o the_o king_n so_o be_v he_o distinct_a by_o the_o law_n viz._n a_o subject_a and_o hold_v his_o principality_n and_o seignory_n of_o the_o king_n neither_o shall_v he_o have_v all_o those_o prerogative_n which_o the_o king_n shall_v have_v for_o example_n when_o the_o king_n seize_v his_o subject_n land_n or_o take_v away_o his_o good_n from_o he_o have_v no_o title_n by_o order_n of_o the_o law_n so_o to_o do_v in_o this_o case_n the_o subject_n be_v to_o sue_v to_o his_o sovereign_a lord_n by_o way_n of_o petition_n only_o for_o other_o remedy_n have_v he_o not_o but_o suit_n by_o petition_n can_v be_v to_o none_o other_o then_o to_o the_o king_n for_o no_o such_o suit_n shall_v be_v make_v to_o the_o prince_n but_o action_n as_o the_o case_n require_v as_o against_o a_o subject_a stamf._n praerog_n ca._n 22._o and_o in_o token_n of_o subjection_n the_o prince_n do_v not_o upon_o his_o posy_n of_o his_o arm_n disdain_v the_o old_a saxon_a word_n ichdien_n i_o serve_v as_o lambert_n do_v mention_n in_o his_o book_n of_o perambulation_n of_o rent_n 364._o and_o there_o be_v a_o case_n that_o gascoin_n chief_a justice_n of_o engl_n in_o the_o time_n of_o h._n 4._o do_v commit_v the_o prince_n who_o will_v have_v take_v a_o prisoner_n from_o the_o bar_n in_o the_o king_n bench_n and_o the_o prince_n do_v humble_o obey_v and_o do_v go_v at_o his_o command_n in_o which_o the_o king_n do_v great_o rejoice_v that_o he_o have_v such_o a_o judge_n who_o dare_v minister_v justice_n upon_o his_o son_n and_o also_o that_o he_o have_v a_o son_n so_o gracious_a as_o to_o obey_v court_n de_fw-fr banco_n regis_fw-la 79._o crompton_n a_o question_n be_v move_v to_o the_o justice_n in_o the_o first_o year_n of_o h._n 7._o what_o order_n shall_v be_v in_o that_o present_a parliament_n for_o the_o anull_n and_o make_v void_a certain_a attainder_n for_o so_o much_o as_o divers_a who_o be_v return_v of_o that_o parliamet_n do_v stand_v attaint_v of_o treason_n and_o all_o the_o justice_n resolve_v that_o so_o many_o of_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n or_o citizen_n or_o burgess_n as_o stand_v then_o attaint_v of_o treason_n shall_v depart_v out_o of_o the_o parliament_n house_n at_o the_o reversall_a of_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n for_o their_o attainder_n but_o â—s_v soon_o as_o the_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v reverse_v and_o annuld_v that_o they_o and_o every_o of_o they_o that_o be_v to_o say_v lord_n and_o commons_o shall_v come_v into_o
proceed_n only_o by_o such_o name_n and_o title_n as_o he_o have_v receive_v from_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n who_o subject_n he_o be_v and_o if_o by_o the_o king_n of_o england_n he_o be_v not_o advance_v to_o title_n of_o honour_n then_o shall_v he_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o his_o baptism_n only_o and_o surname_n unless_o he_o be_v a_o knight_n 20_o ed._n 4._o 6._o cook_n 7._o part_n 16._o a._n a_o duke_n of_o spain_n or_o of_o other_o foreign_a nation_n come_v into_o england_n by_o the_o king_n safe-conduct_a in_o which_o also_o the_o king_n do_v style_v he_o duke_n according_a to_o his_o creation_n nevertheless_o in_o all_o proceed_n in_o the_o king_n court_n he_o shall_v not_o be_v style_v by_o his_o name_n of_o dignity_n cook_n in_o the_o last_o book_n before_o and_o though_o the_o say_v noble_a person_n be_v also_o by_o the_o king_n letter_n patent_n and_o by_o his_o foreign_a name_n and_o title_n of_o dignity_n make_v denizen_n for_o that_o be_v the_o right_a name_n so_o call_v because_o his_o legitimation_n be_v give_v unto_o he_o for_o if_o you_o derive_v denizen_n from_o denizee_n as_o one_o bear_v within_o the_o allegiance_n or_o obedience_n of_o the_o king_n than_o such_o a_o one_o shall_v be_v all_o one_o with_o a_o natural_a bear_v subject_n wherein_o a_o denizen_n fail_v in_o many_o thing_n or_o if_o they_o be_v naturalize_v also_o by_o the_o authority_n of_o parliament_n whereby_o he_o seem_v to_o be_v in_o all_o thing_n make_v as_o a_o subject_a bear_v in_o england_n yet_o he_o shall_v not_o be_v style_v with_o his_o foreign_a title_n of_o dignity_n cook_n 7_o part_n 15._o a._n and_o so_o it_o be_v if_o a_o noble_a man_n of_o france_n &_o â—_o come_v into_o england_n as_o ambassador_n and_o here_o by_o lawful_a marriage_n have_v issue_v a_o son_n the_o father_n die_v the_o son_n be_v by_o birth_n a_o natural_a englishman_n yet_o he_o shall_v not_o bear_v the_o title_n of_o honour_n of_o his_o father_n and_o the_o cause_n and_o reason_n hereof_o be_v because_o the_o title_n of_o his_o nobility_n have_v his_o original_n by_o a_o french_a king_n and_o not_o by_o any_o natural_a peration_n which_o thing_n be_v well_o prove_v both_o by_o authority_n of_o law_n and_o experience_n in_o these_o day_n for_o in_o the_o book_n last_o mention_v in_o that_o leaf_n be_v resolve_v a_o more_o strange_a case_n that_o be_v albeit_o that_o a_o postnatus_n of_o scotland_n or_o ireland_n who_o be_v in_o these_o day_n a_o natural_a subject_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n or_o any_o of_o his_o posterity_n be_v he_o the_o heir_n of_o a_o noble_a man_n of_o scotland_n or_o of_o ireland_n yet_o he_o be_v none_o of_o the_o nobility_n of_o england_n but_o if_o that_o allien_n or_o stranger_n bear_v or_o scot_n be_v summon_v by_o the_o king_n writ_n to_o come_v unto_o his_o parliament_n and_o be_v therein_o style_v by_o his_o foreign_a stile_n or_o by_o other_o title_n whereunto_o he_o be_v invest_v within_o england_n by_o the_o king_n grant_v then_o from_o thenceforth_o he_o be_v a_o peer_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o in_o all_o judicial_a and_o legal_a proceed_n he_o ought_v to_o be_v so_o style_v and_o by_o no_o other_o name_n 39_o ed._n 3._o 36._o and_o it_o be_v the_o case_n of_o guilbert_n humphreyvile_n earl_n of_o anger_n be_v in_o scotland_n for_o it_o appertain_v to_o the_o royal_a prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n to_o call_v and_o to_o admit_v any_o alien_n bear_v to_o have_v voice_n and_o place_n in_o his_o parliament_n at_o his_o parliament_n at_o his_o pleasure_n although_o it_o be_v put_v in_o practice_n very_o rare_o and_o seldom_o time_n and_o that_o for_o very_o great_a and_o weighty_a consideration_n of_o state_n and_o if_o after_o such_o parliamentary_a summons_n of_o such_o a_o stranger_n bear_v question_n do_v arise_v and_o the_o issue_n whether_o he_o be_v of_o that_o title_n or_o no_o it_o may_v well_o be_v try_v by_o the_o record_n which_o be_v the_o only_a lawful_a trial_n in_o that_o case_n cook_n 7._o part_n 15._o a_o 6_o part_n 53._o but_o there_o be_v a_o diversity_n worthy_a the_o observation_n for_o the_o high_a and_o low_a dignity_n be_v universal_a and_o therefore_o a_o knight_n in_o all_o place_n soever_o he_o receive_v his_o title_n of_o dignity_n and_o so_o ought_v of_o right_n and_o by_o law_n be_v name_v in_o the_o king_n court_n 26_o ed._n 4._o 6._o 39_o ed._n 3._o 36._o also_o if_o the_o emperor_n or_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n or_o any_o other_o foreign_a king_n come_v into_o this_o realm_n by_o safe-conduct_a as_o he_o ought_v for_o a_o monarch_n or_o a_o absolute_a prince_n though_o he_o be_v in_o league_n can_v come_v into_o england_n without_o licence_n and_o safe-conduct_a of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n but_o any_o subject_n to_o such_o foreign_a king_n in_o league_n may_v come_v into_o this_o realm_n without_o licence_n cook_n 7._o part_n 21._o 6._o in_o this_o case_n he_o shall_v sue_v and_o be_v sue_v by_o the_o name_n of_o emperor_n or_o king_n other_o wise_a the_o writ_n shall_v abate_v there_o be_v a_o notable_a precedent_n cite_v out_o of_o fleta_n where_o treat_v of_o the_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o king_n court_n of_o marshalsey_n it_o be_v say_v and_o these_o thing_n he_o may_v lawful_o do_v by_o office_n that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o steward_n of_o the_o king_n household_n notwithstanding_o the_o liberty_n of_o any_o other_o although_o in_o another_o kingdom_n where_o the_o offender_n may_v be_v find_v in_o the_o king_n house_n according_a to_o that_o which_o happen_v â—t_a paris_n hold_v in_o the_o 14_o year_n of_o ed._n 1._o of_o one_o engleam_n of_o nogent_n take_v in_o the_o household_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n the_o king_n himself_o be_v then_o in_o paris_n with_o silver_n dish_n late_o steal_v at_o which_o deed_n the_o king_n of_o france_n be_v present_a and_o whereupon_o the_o court_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n do_v claym_v cognizance_n of_o the_o plea_n concern_v that_o theft_n by_o jurisdiction_n of_o the_o court_n of_o paris_n the_o matter_n be_v diverse_o debate_v in_o the_o council_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n at_o length_n it_o be_v order_v that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n shall_v use_v and_o enjoy_v that_o his_o kingly_a prerogative_n of_o his_o household_n where_o be_v convict_v by_o sir_n robert_n fitz-john_n knight_n steward_z of_o the_o king_n household_n of_o the_o theft_n by_o consideration_n of_o the_o same_o court_n be_v hang_v on_o the_o gallow_n in_o st_n germane_a field_n cook_n 7._o part_n 15._o 6._o and_o there_o by_o the_o way_n may_v also_o be_v note_v from_o the_o reason_n in_o the_o recite_v book_n allege_v the_o person_n of_o a_o king_n in_o another_o king_n dominion_n be_v not_o absolute_o privilege_v but_o that_o he_o may_v be_v implead_v for_o debt_n or_o trespass_n or_o condemn_v for_o treason_n commit_v within_o the_o say_a dominion_n for_o it_o be_v a_o general_a law_n of_o nation_n that_o in_o what_o place_n a_o offence_n be_v commit_v according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o that_o place_n they_o may_v be_v judge_v without_o regard_n of_o any_o privilege_n neither_o can_v a_o king_n in_o another_o kingdom_n challenge_v any_o such_o prerogative_n of_o immunity_n from_o law_n for_o a_o king_n out_o of_o his_o proper_a kingdom_n have_v no_o merum_fw-la imperium_fw-la absolute_a power_n but_o only_o do_v retain_v â—onoris_fw-la titulos_fw-la &_o dignitatis_fw-la the_o title_n of_o honour_n and_o dignity_n so_o that_o where_o he_o have_v offend_v in_o his_o own_o person_n against_o the_o king_n of_o the_o nation_n where_o he_o be_v per_fw-la omne_fw-la distringitur_fw-la etiam_fw-la quoad_fw-la personam_fw-la he_o may_v be_v distrayn_v even_o to_o his_o own_o person_n and_o the_o same_o law_n be_v of_o ambassador_n ne_fw-la occasio_fw-la daretur_fw-la dolinquendi_fw-la lest_o occasion_n of_o offence_n be_v give_v like_v as_o a_o sanctuary_n will_v save_v a_o man_n life_n from_o manslaughter_n but_o not_o when_o manslaughter_n be_v commit_v within_o the_o sanctuary_n for_o than_o he_o do_v wilful_o wave_v the_o benefit_n of_o all_o privilege_n and_o prerogative_n and_o nevertheless_o it_o bind_v firm_a that_o ambassador_n be_v call_v legate_n because_o they_o be_v choose_v as_o fit_a man_n out_o of_o many_o and_o their_o person_n be_v sacred_a both_o at_o home_n and_o abroad_o so_o that_o no_o man_n injurious_o may_v lay_v violent_a hand_n upon_o they_o without_o breach_n of_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n and_o much_o less_o upon_o the_o person_n of_o a_o king_n in_o a_o strange_a land_n bracton_n a_o judge_n of_o this_o realm_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n hen._n 3._o in_o his_o first_o book_n 8_o say_v in_o effect_n as_o follow_v there_o be_v no_o respect_n of_o person_n with_o god_n because_o god_n
noble_a person_n for_o it_o appertain_v not_o to_o they_o to_o argue_v or_o dispute_v the_o authority_n of_o the_o court_n but_o if_o the_o court_n â—e_v thereof_o certify_v in_o form_n aforesaid_a they_o will_v award_v a_o supersedeas_fw-la which_o be_v in_o the_o book_n of_o entery_n in_o the_o title_n of_o error_n sect._n 20._o and_o there_o be_v two_o reason_n or_o cause_n wherefore_o no_o capias_fw-la or_o exigent_n lie_v against_o any_o peer_n the_o one_o because_o of_o the_o dignity_n of_o their_o person_n the_o other_o by_o intendment_n of_o law_n there_o be_v none_o of_o the_o nobility_n but_o have_v sufficient_a freehold_n which_o the_o plaintiff_n may_v extend_v for_o their_o payment_n or_o satisfaction_n but_o a_o capias_fw-la oâ—_n exigent_n lie_v against_o a_o knight_n for_o the_o law_n have_v not_o that_o opinion_n of_o his_o freehold_n as_o the_o court_n say_v in_o 26._o h._n 8._o vide_fw-la 27._o h._n 8._o 22._o in_o brook_n abridgement_n exigent_n 2._o &_o 3_o cooko_n 6._o part_n 52._o &_o 54._o and_o if_o any_o of_o the_o nobility_n happen_v to_o be_v so_o wilful_a as_o not_o to_o appear_v the_o court_n will_v compel_v the_o sheriff_n to_o return_v great_a issue_n against_o he_o and_o so_o at_o every_o default_n to_o increase_v and_o multiply_v the_o issue_n as_o late_o against_o the_o earl_n of_o lincoln_n have_v be_v in_o practice_n by_o the_o ancient_a law_n of_o this_o realm_n before_o the_o come_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n many_o good_a law_n be_v make_v for_o the_o keep_n of_o the_o peace_n among_o other_o that_o every_o man_n above_o the_o age_n of_o 12._o year_n shall_v bâ—_n swarm_v to_o the_o king_n as_o you_o may_v read_v more_o at_o large_a iâ—_n lambert_n perambulation_n of_o kent_n 21._o which_o we_o in_o remembrance_n thereof_o do_v keep_v at_o this_o day_n in_o view_n of_o frank_n pledge_v or_o leete_n court_n but_o nobleman_n of_o all_o sort_n be_v neither_o bind_v to_o attend_v the_o leete_n nor_o to_o take_v that_o oath_n as_o appear_v by_o britton_n cap._n 29._o treat_v of_o this_o court_n call_v the_o sheriff_n turn_v court_n of_o which_o the_o leete_n seem_v to_o be_v extract_v and_o agreeable_a thereunto_o be_v the_o statute_n of_o marlbridge_n cap._n 10._o in_o these_o word_n de_fw-fr turnis_fw-la vice_fw-la contra_fw-la provisum_fw-la est_fw-la quod_fw-la necesse_fw-la non_fw-la habeant_fw-la ubi_fw-la venire_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la episcopi_fw-la abbates_n priores_fw-la commit_v barones_n vide_fw-la the_o lord_n chancellor_n speech_n in_o the_o case_n of_o post-nati_a fol._n 78._o if_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n be_v bring_v in_o parliament_n upon_o a_o judgement_n give_v in_o the_o king_n bench_n the_o lord_n of_o the_o high_a house_n alone_o without_o the_o commons_o be_v to_o examine_v the_o error_n vide_fw-la jbid._n fol._n 22._o in_o 11._o h._n 4._o 2._o b._n in_o a_o case_n concern_v a_o distress_n take_v for_o expense_n and_o fee_n of_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o parliament_n it_o be_v agree_v for_o law_n that_o the_o barony_n and_o other_o land_n as_o be_v parcel_n of_o their_o ancient_a lordship_n and_o barony_n but_o for_o other_o land_n they_o be_v but_o there_o be_v a_o question_n make_v one_o which_o be_v no_o baron_n but_o ignoble_a do_v purchase_v any_o ancient_a barony_n whether_o he_o shall_v be_v discharge_v of_o such_o ignoble_a purchase_n by_o reason_n only_o of_o such_o his_o purchase_n challenge_v or_o pretence_n to_o have_v nobility_n and_o place_n in_o parliament_n as_o before_z in_o this_o treatise_n more_o at_o large_a appear_v for_o as_o land_n by_o villainy_n service_n do_v not_o make_v a_o villainy_n or_o bondman_n which_o be_v free_a do_v purchase_v the_o same_o as_o littleton_n do_v teach_v lib._n 2._o cap._n 12_o though_o by_o his_o tenure_n he_o shall_v be_v bind_v to_o do_v such_o villainy_n service_n so_o of_o the_o other_o side_n and_o that_o be_v hold_v by_o barony_n do_v not_o make_v the_o villainy_n peasent_a or_o ignoble_a which_o purchase_v the_o same_o to_o be_v noble_a although_o the_o charge_n of_o such_o tenure_n do_v lie_v upon_o he_o in_o respect_n of_o the_o service_n of_o the_o realm_n it_o be_v say_v in_o our_o book_n that_o a_o day_n of_o grace_n or_o by_o the_o favour_n of_o the_o court_n be_v not_o to_o be_v grant_v to_o the_o plaintiff_n in_o any_o suit_n or_o action_n wherein_o a_o nobleman_n be_v defendant_n 27._o h._n 8._o 22._o 27._o e._n 3._o 88_o because_o thereby_o the_o nobleman_n shall_v be_v long_o delay_v than_o the_o ordinaty_a course_n of_o the_o court_n be_v and_o such_o lord_n be_v to_o have_v expedition_n of_o justice_n in_o respect_n that_o he_o be_v to_o attend_v the_o person_n of_o the_o king_n and_o the_o service_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n but_o if_o there_o be_v no_o ignoble_a person_n party_n to_o the_o suit_n the_o judge_n do_v and_o may_v at_o their_o discretion_n grant_v upon_o a_o motion_n and_o prayer_n a_o day_n or_o more_o of_o trial_n otherwise_o then_o by_o the_o strict_a course_n of_o the_o law_n the_o plaintisse_n may_v challenge_v cambden_n fol._n 169._o writing_n upon_o the_o subâ—ect_n say_v where_o the_o noble_a man_n be_v demandant_n the_o tenant_n may_v not_o be_v essoyn_v for_o the_o delay_n and_o cause_n aforesaid_a to_o which_o â—_o will_v also_o subscribe_v but_o that_o the_o book_n of_o 3._o h._n 4_o 5_o 6._o be_v otherwise_o adjudge_v if_o i_o do_v misunderstand_v it_o there_o the_o king_n bring_v a_o oâ—â—re_n impedit_fw-la against_o a_o common_a person_n and_o the_o defendant_n be_v essoyn_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o the_o court_n therefore_o a_o fortiori_fw-la he_o may_v be_v essoyn_v against_o a_o nobleman_n if_o any_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v a_o lord_n of_o the_o parliamant_n be_v plaintiff_n or_o demandant_n defendant_n or_o tenant_n in_o any_o action_n real_a or_o personal_a against_o another_o whereupon_o a_o issue_n be_v to_o be_v try_v by_o a_o jury_n the_o sheriff_n must_v return_v one_o knight_n at_o the_o least_o to_o be_v of_o the_o inquest_n otherwise_o upon_o a_o challenge_n make_v the_o whole_a pannell_n shall_v be_v quash_v which_o by_o the_o order_n of_o the_o law_n be_v appoint_v to_o be_v do_v for_o honour_n and_o reverence_v due_a to_o the_o person_n of_o that_o degree_n for_o as_o the_o word_n of_o the_o book_n be_v when_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v party_n the_o law_n be_v otherwise_o then_o when_o the_o suit_n be_v between_o other_o person_n fitz._n shall_fw-mi 113._o 13._o e._n â—_o in_o a_o quar._n impedit_fw-la against_o a_o bishop_n adjudge_v plough_v 117._o dyer_n 208._o b._n 27._o h_o 8._o 22._o b._n but_o the_o earl_n of_o kent_n by_o the_o name_n of_o reignald_n grace_n esq_n bring_v a_o writ_n of_o entry_n against_o sir_n h._n g._n knight_n 4._o eliz._n and_o the_o party_n do_v plead_v to_o a_o issue_n the_o venire_fw-la facias_fw-la be_v award_v which_o the_o sheriff_n do_v return_v ferve_v and_o a_o pannell_n return_v according_a in_o which_o panel_n there_o be_v no_o knight_n name_v the_o truth_n of_o which_o cause_n be_v that_o after_o the_o return_n make_v the_o demandant_n be_v publish_v and_o declare_v by_o the_o queen_n and_o the_o herald_n to_o be_v earl_n of_o kent_n in_o right_a and_o by_o descent_n although_o he_o have_v not_o be_v so_o repute_v or_o name_v earl_n before_o and_o also_o after_o that_o time_n that_o be_v to_o say_v at_o the_o then_o last_o parliament_n the_o tenant_n be_v make_v a_o baron_n by_o a_o writ_n of_o parliament_n and_o both_o party_n have_v place_n and_o voice_n in_o parliament_n and_o then_o the_o jury_n do_v appear_v in_o the_o court_n of_o common_a plea_n and_o the_o earl_n of_o kâ—nt_n do_v challenge_v the_o array_n because_o no_o knight_n be_v return_v but_o it_o be_v not_o allow_v he_o by_o the_o court_n for_o the_o admittance_n of_o both_o party_n as_o to_o the_o contrary_a and_o no_o default_n can_v be_v lay_v to_o the_o sheriff_n for_o he_o have_v no_o notice_n of_o the_o honourable_a estate_n of_o either_o of_o the_o party_n the_o demandant_n not_o be_v then_o know_v or_o repute_v to_o be_v a_o earl_n by_o descent_n or_o of_o the_o tenant_n then_o also_o be_v no_o baâ—on_n dyer_n 318._o how_o much_o the_o common_a law_n have_v always_o prohibit_v perpetuity_n in_o land_n and_o tenement_n you_o may_v see_v in_o corbet_n case_n in_o the_o first_o part_n of_o sir_n edward_n cook_n book_n fol._n 84._o and_o in_o many_o other_o case_n in_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o book_n also_o littleton_n fol._n 145._o say_v it_o be_v a_o principle_n in_o the_o law_n that_o every_o land_n of_o fee-simple_n may_v be_v charge_v with_o a_o rent_n in_o fee-simple_n by_o one_o way_n or_o other_o but_o of_o the_o king_n majesty_n upon_o the_o creation_n of_o any_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n duke_n
of_o dignity_n and_o the_o entry_n of_o capias_fw-la alius_fw-la &_o plures_fw-la be_v according_a to_o the_o say_v original_a but_o in_o the_o exigent_n and_o proclamation_n and_o in_o the_o entry_n of_o it_o the_o defendant_n be_v name_v according_a to_o his_o degree_n of_o dignity_n upon_o a_o writ_n of_o error_n after_o judgement_n doubt_n be_v if_o this_o may_v be_v amend_v in_o another_o court_n then_o where_o the_o original_n be_v make_v and_o at_o last_o it_o be_v resolve_v by_o all_o the_o court_n that_o the_o record_n shall_v be_v amend_v by_o the_o cursitor_n and_o make_v according_a to_o the_o note_n or_o title_n deliver_v unto_o he_o by_o the_o plaintiff_n attorney_n cook_n 8._o part_v fol._n 15._o b._n it_o appear_v in_o our_o book_n of_o law_n that_o the_o high_a and_o low_a dignity_n be_v universal_a for_o as_o if_o a_o king_n of_o a_o foreign_a nation_n come_v into_o england_n by_o leave_n of_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v in_o this_o case_n he_o shall_v sue_v and_o be_v sue_v in_o the_o name_n of_o a_o king_n 11._o ed._n 3._o test_n breccon_n 473._o so_o shall_v he_o sue_v or_o be_v sue_v by_o the_o name_n of_o a_o knight_n whersoever_o he_o receive_v that_o degree_n of_o dignity_n 20._o ed._n 4._o 6._o h._n 6._o 14._o but_o otherwise_o it_o be_v as_o if_o a_o duke_n marquesse_n earl_n or_o other_o title_n of_o honour_n give_v by_o any_o foreign_a king_n yea_o though_o the_o king_n by_o letter_n patent_n of_o safe_a conduct_n do_v name_n he_o duke_n or_o by_o any_o other_o his_o foreign_a title_n of_o dignity_n for_o experience_n show_v that_o king_n join_v in_o league_n together_o by_o a_o certain_a mutual_a anâ—_n as_o it_o be_v a_o natural_a power_n of_o monarch_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o nation_n have_v denize_v one_o another_o subject_n and_o ambassador_n grace_v with_o this_o title_n of_o honour_n therefore_o though_o a_o knight_n receive_v his_o dignity_n of_o a_o foreign_a prince_n he_o be_v so_o to_o be_v style_v in_o all_o legal_a proceed_n within_o england_n vide_fw-la cook_n 7._o part_n fol._n 16._o b._n and_o king_n be_v wont_a to_o send_v their_o son_n to_o their_o neighbour_n prince_n to_o receive_v knighthood_n at_o their_o hand_n vide_fw-la selden_n fol._n 331._o &_o 308._o think_v that_o it_o be_v more_o honourable_a to_o take_v arm_n of_o some_o other_o lest_o affection_n may_v seem_v to_o prevent_v judgement_n when_o the_o father_n give_v they_o that_o honour_n thus_o be_v our_o king_n h._n 2._o send_v unto_o david_n king_n of_o scot_n and_o malcombe_n also_o king_n there_o send_v unto_o our_o h._n 2._o and_o our_o king_n to_o the_o king_n of_o castille_n to_o take_v of_o they_o military_a or_o civil_a arm_n for_o the_o term_n and_o phrase_n they_o use_v in_o that_o age_n for_o the_o make_n of_o a_o knight_n vide_fw-la camden_n 174._o 8._o vide_fw-la selden_n fol._n 315._o and_o knight_n in_o all_o foreign_a country_n have_v ever_o place_n and_o precedency_n according_a as_o they_o be_v ancient_a knight_n which_o privilege_n be_v deem_v to_o nobleman_n for_o be_v they_o never_o so_o ancient_a in_o forraigce_n country_n they_o shall_v go_v before_o as_o puesney_n the_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n be_v not_o only_o a_o dignity_n and_o honour_n to_o the_o party_n for_o so_o it_o be_v term_v in_o brooke_n title_n addition_n fol._n 44._o but_o honourable_a for_o the_o kingdom_n and_o therefore_o it_o have_v be_v a_o ancient_a prerogative_n of_o the_o king_n of_o this_o realm_n at_o their_o pleasure_n to_o compel_v man_n of_o worth_a to_o take_v upon_o they_o this_o degree_n upon_o the_o payment_n of_o a_o fine_a as_o appear_v in_o ann._n 7._o h._n 6._o 15._o fitzh_n abridg._n tit_n im._n 12._o and_o by_o the_o statute_n a._n 1._o ed._n 2._o de_fw-la militibus_fw-la but_o we_o see_v by_o experience_n in_o these_o day_n that_o none_o be_v compel_v thereunto_o and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n wherefore_o if_o the_o plaintiff_n be_v make_v knight_n hang_v the_o writ_n it_o shall_v abate_v because_o hâ—_n have_v change_v his_o name_n and_o that_o by_o his_o own_o act_n vide_fw-la cook_n 7._o part_v f._n 27._o b._n part_n 10._o b._n 1_o ed._n 6._o cap._n 7._o contrary_a and_o for_o that_o cause_n also_o by_o the_o common_a law_n not_o only_o the_o king_n but_o every_o lord_n of_o a_o manor_n ought_v to_o have_v of_o every_o of_o his_o tenant_n a_o reasonable_a fine_a to_o make_v his_o elder_a son_n knight_n vide_fw-la bracton_n fol._n 36._o b._n and_o all_o land_n be_v subject_a to_o these_o aide_n except_o only_o ancient_a demesne_n and_o grand_a and_o petty_a serjeant_o tenor_n as_o the_o law_n have_v be_v ancient_o deliver_v vide_fw-la fiszh_n nat._n breed_v f._n 83._o a._n and_o selden_n f._n 13._o where_o it_o be_v also_o say_v one_o that_o write_v a_o little_a after_o the_o statute_n of_o west_n the_o first_o allow_v as_o a_o good_a bar_n to_o the_o avowry_n for_o the_o tenant_n to_o plead_v that_o the_o father_n himself_o be_v no_o knight_n so_o that_o one_o not_o knight_v can_v claim_v the_o aid_n of_o his_o own_o tenant_n briton_n de_fw-fr prize_n the_o aver_v and_o it_o be_v not_o at_o the_o liberty_n of_o the_o lord_n to_o make_v more_o or_o less_o of_o his_o tenant_n by_o the_o common_a law_n in_o this_o case_n but_o by_o the_o statute_n at_o westminster_n 1._o cap._n 35._o it_o be_v put_v into_o certainty_n viz._n forasmuch_o as_o before_o this_o time_n reasonable_a and_o to_o make_v one_o son_n knight_n or_o to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n be_v never_o put_v into_o certainty_n nor_o how_o much_o shall_v be_v take_v at_o that_o time_n whereby_o some_o levy_v unreasonable_a aid_n and_o more_o often_o then_o seem_v necessary_a whereby_o the_o people_n be_v sore_o grieve_v and_o it_o be_v therefore_o provide_v that_o from_o henceforth_o a_o whole_a knight_n fee_v be_v take_v but_o 20._o s._n and_o of_o more_o more_o and_o of_o less_o less_o after_o that_o rate_n and_o that_o none_o shall_v levy_v such_o aid_n to_o make_v his_o son_n knight_n until_o the_o son_n be_v 15._o year_n of_o age_n nor_o to_o marry_v his_o daughter_n until_o she_o be_v of_o the_o age_n of_o 7._o year_n and_o of_o that_o there_o shall_v be_v mention_n make_v in_o the_o king_n writ_n form_v on_o the_o same_o if_o any_o one_o will_v demand_v it_o and_o if_o it_o happen_v that_o the_o father_n after_o he_o have_v levy_v any_o such_o aid_n of_o his_o tenant_n do_v before_o he_o have_v marry_v his_o daughter_n the_o executor_n of_o the_o father_n shall_v be_v bind_v to_o the_o daughter_n for_o so_o much_o as_o the_o father_n receive_v for_o the_o aid_n and_o if_o the_o father_n good_n be_v not_o sufficient_a his_o heir_n shall_v be_v charge_v therewith_o unto_o the_o daughter_n and_o this_o heir_n be_v so_o incident_a that_o although_o the_o lord_n do_v confirm_v unto_o the_o tenant_n to_o hold_v by_o fealty_n and_o certain_a rent_n and_o release_v unto_o he_o all_o other_o service_n and_o demand_n yet_o he_o shall_v have_v the_o aid_n to_o make_v his_o elder_a son_n knight_n anno_fw-la 40._o e._n 3._o f._n 22._o finche_n book_n 24._o but_o the_o king_n be_v not_o bind_v by_o the_o statute_n beforementioned_a because_o the_o king_n be_v not_o name_v in_o that_o statute_n and_o therefore_o by_o the_o statute_n 25._o e._n 3._o cap._n 11._o the_o king_n aid_n be_v bring_v to_o a_o like_a value_n selden_n fol._n 3._o 30._o the_o intention_n of_o the_o law_n be_v that_o a_o heir_n within_o the_o age_n of_o 21._o year_n be_v not_o able_a to_o do_v knight-service_n till_o his_o full_a age_n of_o 21._o year_n littleton_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 4._o f._n 22._o but_o such_o a_o presumption_n of_o law_n do_v give_v place_n to_o a_o judgement_n and_o proof_n to_o the_o contrary_a as_o bracton_n say_v sabilitur_fw-la presumptioni_fw-la donec_fw-la probetur_fw-la in_o contrarium_fw-la and_o therefore_o the_o king_n who_o be_v the_o sovereign_n and_o supreme_a judge_n of_o chivalry_n have_v dub_v he_o knight_n he_o by_o this_o have_v judge_v he_o able_a to_o do_v he_o knight-service_n and_o all_o man_n conclude_v not_o to_o say_v to_o the_o contrary_a &_o therefore_o such_o a_o heir_n be_v make_v knight_n either_o in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n or_o afterward_o during_o his_o minority_n shall_v be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o custody_n both_o for_o land_n and_o for_o his_o body_n or_o marriage_n by_o the_o ancient_a common_a law_n by_o reason_n also_o that_o the_o honour_n of_o knighthood_n be_v so_o great_a that_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v hold_v under_o by_o any_o yet_o if_o the_o king_n do_v create_v any_o such_o a_o heir_n within_o age_n a_o duke_n or_o marquesse_n earl_n count_z viscount_n or_o baron_n by_o this_o
generalty_n answerable_a to_o every_o kind_n thereof_o in_o this_o manner_n a_o baron_n be_v a_o dignity_n of_o nobility_n and_o honour_n next_o under_o the_o viscount_n above_o the_o banneret_n and_o valvasor_n adorn_v with_o the_o title_n of_o lord_n hold_v with_o we_o the_o same_o place_n as_o do_v the_o patricii_fw-la or_o senator_n among_o the_o roman_n the_o book_n of_o law_n do_v make_v difference_n between_o duke_n earls_z marquess_n and_o viscount_n which_o be_v allow_v name_n of_o dignity_n and_o the_o baron_n for_o they_o affirm_v that_o baron_n need_v not_o to_o be_v name_v lord_n or_o baron_n by_o his_o writ_n but_o the_o duke_n marquess_n earl_n or_o viscount_n ought_v to_o be_v name_v by_o their_o name_n of_o dignity_n 8._o h._n 6._o 10._o 32._o h._n 6._o 3._o cook_n 8._o part_n 53._o b._n a._n part_n pigot_n lambert_n l._n 4._o 488._o cambden_n fol._n say_v that_o our_o common_a lawyer_n do_v not_o allow_v a_o baron_n to_o be_v one_o of_o the_o degree_n of_o the_o nobility_n nevertheless_o i_o do_v take_v the_o book_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v of_o the_o baron_n by_o tenure_n or_o baron_n by_o writ_n only_o for_o the_o title_n of_o a_o baron_n by_o patent_n be_v in_o his_o letter_n patent_n under_o the_o great_a seal_n adorn_v and_o name_v by_o the_o stile_n of_o status_fw-la gradus_fw-la &_o dignitas_fw-la and_o therefore_o as_o requisite_a to_o be_v name_v as_o such_o dignity_n be_v a_o parcel_n of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o possessor_n as_o well_o as_o the_o style_n and_o title_n of_o a_o duke_n marquess_z earl_n and_o viscount_n etc._n etc._n and_o although_o there_o may_v be_v conceive_v this_o difference_n last_o mention_v between_o the_o baron_n by_o tenure_n or_o writ_n and_o the_o baron_n by_o patent_n yet_o they_o be_v all_o member_n of_o the_o high_a house_n of_o the_o parliament_n they_o be_v thereby_o make_v equal_o noble_a honourable_a and_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n as_o they_o be_v baron_n only_o without_o any_o other_o distinction_n that_o i_o have_v observe_v and_o thus_o much_o concern_v the_o three_o degree_n of_o baron_n within_o this_o realm_n may_v suffice_v to_o be_v say_v in_o general_a upon_o this_o occasion_n for_o the_o better_a understanding_n and_o direction_n of_o the_o rest_n to_o be_v handle_v the_o etymology_n and_o derivation_n of_o the_o name_n baron_fw-fr many_o wit_n have_v labour_v to_o yield_v the_o etymology_n and_o signification_n of_o this_o word_n wherein_o follow_v their_o own_o fantasy_n there_o have_v be_v breed_v much_o variation_n of_o opinion_n as_o for_o etymology_n of_o word_n i_o agree_v with_o he_o that_o say_v that_o it_o be_v levis_n &_o fallax_fw-la &_o plerumque_fw-la ridicula_fw-la for_o saepenumero_fw-la ubi_fw-la proprietas_fw-la verborum_fw-la attenditur_fw-la sensus_fw-la veritatis_fw-la amittitur_fw-la it_o may_v have_v some_o use_n and_o serve_v a_o turn_n in_o school_n but_o it_o be_v to_o light_v for_o judgement_n in_o law_n and_o seat_n of_o justice_n cook_n 7._o part_n l._n 27._o b._n thomas_n aquinas_n set_v down_o a_o more_o certain_a rule_n in_o vocibus_fw-la videndum_fw-la noâ—_n tam_fw-la à _fw-la quo_fw-la quam_fw-la ad_fw-la quid_fw-la sumitur_fw-la and_o word_n shall_v be_v take_v sensu_fw-la currenti_fw-la for_o use_n and_o custom_n be_v the_o best_a expositor_n of_o law_n and_o word_n quem_fw-la penes_fw-la arbitrium_fw-la &_o jus_o &_o norma_fw-la loquendi_fw-la in_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n speech_n in_o the_o case_n of_o postnati_n fol._n 61._o and_o forasmuch_o as_o the_o word_n may_v apt_o import_v man_n of_o strength_n bracton_n as_o before_o appear_v not_o unapt_o use_v this_o signification_n thereof_o in_o these_o word_n sunt_fw-la &_o alii_fw-la potentes_fw-la sub_fw-la rege_fw-la quidicuntâ—r_a barones_n boc_fw-la est_fw-la robur_n belli_fw-la the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o dignity_n of_o baron_n and_o the_o sundry_a use_n of_o the_o name_n it_o seem_v that_o the_o dignity_n be_v more_o ancient_a than_o the_o name_n for_o in_o the_o ancient_a constitution_n feodall_n of_o the_o land_n there_o be_v no_o mention_n make_v of_o the_o name_n of_o baron_n howbeit_o the_o learned_a interpreter_n do_v understand_v that_o dignity_n to_o be_v comprehend_v under_o those_o which_o be_v there_o call_v valuasores_fw-la majores_fw-la and_o afterward_o call_v capitanii_n for_o of_o the_o valuasore_n there_o be_v three_o kind_n valuasore_n majores_fw-la gve_n capitanii_n which_o be_v think_v to_o be_v the_o baron_n valuasores_fw-la minores_fw-la and_o valuasini_fw-la or_o valuasores_fw-la minimi_fw-la the_o like_a dignity_n within_o this_o realm_n before_o the_o conquest_n have_v those_o which_o of_o the_o english_a saxon_n be_v call_v tbanes_n whereof_o read_v lambert_n in_o his_o preambulation_n of_o kent_n fol._n 366._o and_o the_o book_n of_o doomsday_n remain_v in_o the_o treasury_n of_o the_o exchequer_n nevertheless_o the_o name_n of_o the_o baron_n be_v not_o much_o use_v within_o this_o realm_n until_o the_o norman_a conquest_n and_o after_o that_o the_o word_n baron_n seem_v to_o be_v frequent_v in_o this_o realm_n in_o lieu_n and_o place_n of_o the_o word_n tbane_n among_o the_o english_a saxon_n for_o as_o they_o in_o general_a and_o large_a signification_n do_v some_o time_n use_v the_o same_o to_o the_o sense_n and_o meaning_n and_o to_o import_v a_o freeman_n bear_v of_o a_o free_a parentage_n or_o such_o like_a so_o do_v the_o norman_n use_v the_o word_n baron_fw-fr and_o therefore_o call_v their_o free_a citizen_n of_o their_o best_a esteem_a city_n and_o free_a burgess_n of_o their_o best_a esteem_a town_n and_o borroughe_n by_o the_o name_n of_o baron_n and_o so_o the_o citizen_n of_o london_n baron_n of_o london_n in_o divers_a ancient_a monument_n of_o who_o also_o bracton_n make_v mention_v fol._n 272._o a._n also_o there_o be_v divers_a charter_n wherein_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o such_o like_a baron_n as_o the_o baron_n of_o worwick_n in_o the_o record_n of_o doomsday_n and_o even_o to_o our_o time_n the_o free_a burgess_n of_o the_o five_o privilege_a port_n be_v call_v baron_n of_o the_o cinque_fw-fr port_n and_o for_o that_o also_o divers_a of_o the_o nobility_n of_o baron_n as_o well_o spiritual_a as_o temporal_a do_v in_o ancient_a time_n sit_v in_o the_o exchequer_n to_o determine_v the_o difficulty_n and_o doubt_n there_o arise_v the_o judge_n of_o that_o court_n have_v be_v from_o most_o ancient_a time_n call_v and_o yet_o be_v baron_n of_o the_o exchequer_n moreover_o the_o english_a saxon_n have_v two_o kind_n of_o tbanes_n the_o like_a have_v be_v observe_v as_o touch_v baron_n for_o the_o king_n and_o monarch_n of_o this_o realm_n have_v have_v their_o immediate_a baron_n be_v the_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o in_o like_a manner_n certain_a other_o of_o the_o nobility_n especial_o earl_n which_o have_v have_v jurisdiction_n palatine_n and_o earl_n marcher_n who_o country_n have_v confine_v upon_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o enemy_n have_v have_v under_o they_o for_o their_o better_a defence_n a_o kind_n of_o baron_n as_o namely_o under_o the_o county_n palatine_n of_o chester_n be_v these_o baron_n the_o baron_n of_o halton_n mounthalt_n malebanck_n shipbrooks_n malpase_n massa_n rinderton_n stockport_n etc._n etc._n the_o earldom_n of_o pembroke_n in_o westwales_n be_v first_o erect_v by_o arnulpâ—us_n mountgumory_n that_o conquer_a part_n of_o that_o country_n and_o therefore_o the_o earl_n thereof_o be_v a_o earl_n marcher_n have_v also_o under_o he_o his_o baron_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o parliament_n roll_n 18._o ed._n 1._o it_o have_v be_v therefore_o a_o common_a opinion_n receive_v that_o every_o earldom_n in_o time_n past_a have_v under_o it_o ten_o baron_n and_o every_o barony_n ten_o knight_n fee_n hold_v of_o he_o and_o that_o those_o that_o have_v fourteen_o knight_n fee_n be_v usual_o call_v and_o promote_v to_o the_o dignity_n of_o baron_n also_o lord_n and_o proprietor_n of_o manor_n be_v in_o respect_n of_o they_o oftentimes_o in_o ancient_a remembrance_n call_v baron_n but_o abasive_v and_o the_o court_n and_o their_o manor_n call_v thereof_o court_n baron_n of_o which_o glamvile_n speak_v fol._n 67._o l._n 8._o c._n 11._o it_o rest_v now_o for_o the_o more_o explanation_n of_o the_o use_n of_o the_o name_n of_o baron_n that_o we_o call_v to_o remembrance_n that_o which_o have_v be_v before_o speak_v that_o the_o custom_n of_o our_o country_n be_v that_o if_o a_o baron_n be_v create_v a_o earl_n the_o elder_a son_n of_o the_o say_a earl_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o father_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o the_o barony_n although_o he_o want_v the_o privilege_n belong_v to_o a_o baron_n the_o tenor_n and_o proper_a signification_n of_o the_o word_n baron_fw-fr baron_n honourable_a be_v of_o three_o kind_n by_o tenure_n by_o writ_n by_o creation_n as_o for_o baron_n by_o prescription_n which_o some_o man_n have_v speak_v of_o they_o be_v intend_v
to_o be_v all_o one_o with_o the_o baron_n by_o tenure_n or_o those_o who_o ancestor_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n have_v be_v call_v to_o the_o parliament_n by_o writ_n for_o otherwise_o there_o be_v hardly_o such_o to_o be_v find_v as_o be_v baron_n by_o prescription_n only_o baron_n by_o tenure_n baron_n by_o tenure_n be_v those_o which_o do_v hold_v any_o honour_n castle_n or_o manor_n as_o the_o head_n of_o their_o barony_n per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la which_o be_v grand_a serjeanty_n and_o these_o baron_n by_o tenure_n be_v of_o two_o sort_n baron_n spiritual_a by_o tenure_n and_o baron_n temporal_a by_o tenure_n of_o baron_n spiritual_a by_o tenure_n sufficient_a be_v say_v before_o in_o the_o first_o leaf_n of_o this_o treatise_n whereunto_o this_o may_v be_v add_v that_o it_o appear_v by_o all_o ancient_a writer_n of_o our_o law_n as_o britton_n glanvile_n bracton_n and_o the_o rest_n that_o the_o archbishop_n and_o bishop_n of_o the_o realm_n in_o the_o ancient_a saxon_n day_n as_o well_o during_o the_o time_n that_o this_o realm_n be_v divide_v into_o divers_a kingdom_n as_o also_o after_o the_o unite_n of_o they_o into_o one_o monarchy_n be_v call_v to_o the_o parliament_n or_o assembly_n of_o state_n or_o wise_a man_n not_o so_o much_o in_o respect_n of_o their_o tenure_n for_o in_o those_o day_n all_o their_o tenor_n be_v by_o frank_a almoigne_z but_o especial_o for_o that_o the_o law_n and_o counsel_n of_o man_n be_v then_o most_o currant_n and_o commendable_a and_o have_v a_o more_o bless_a issue_n and_o success_n when_o they_o be_v ground_v upon_o the_o fear_n of_o god_n the_o root_n and_o beginning_n of_o all_o true_a wisdom_n and_o therefore_o our_o wise_a and_o religious_a ancestor_n call_v to_o their_o general_a council_n or_o witten_n agmote_v or_o court_n of_o wisdom_n as_o they_o call_v it_o those_o chief_a and_o principal_a person_n of_o the_o clergy_n which_o by_o their_o place_n and_o profession_n by_o their_o gravity_n learning_n and_o wisdom_n may_v best_o advise_v what_o be_v the_o law_n of_o god_n acceptable_a will_n and_o pleasure_n that_o they_o may_v frame_v their_o humane_a law_n answerable_a or_o at_o least_o noâ—_n contrary_a and_o repugnant_a thereunto_o as_o touch_v the_o temporal_a baron_n by_o the_o tenure_n mention_n be_v make_v of_o they_o in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o law_n record_n and_o ancient_a monument_n of_o the_o realm_n these_o be_v the_o word_n of_o glanvile_n mortuo_fw-la enim_fw-la aliquo_fw-la capital_n barâ—ne_fw-fr svo_fw-la statim_fw-la baroniam_fw-la in_o manu_fw-la sva_fw-la retinet_fw-la rex_fw-la donec_fw-la haeres_fw-la garantum_fw-la suum_fw-la fecerit_fw-la de_fw-la relivio_fw-la licet_fw-la haeres_fw-la ipse_fw-la plenam_fw-la habuerit_fw-la atatem_fw-la which_o relief_n of_o baron_n for_o the_o barony_n by_o tenure_n be_v at_o that_o time_n uncertain_a and_o rentable_a at_o the_o pleasure_n of_o the_o king_n of_o which_o also_o he_o write_v thus_o dicitur_fw-la autem_fw-la rationabile_fw-la relivium_fw-la alicujus_fw-la juxta_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la regni_fw-la de_fw-la feodo_fw-la unius_fw-la militis_fw-la centum_fw-la solidos_fw-la de_fw-fr soccagio_fw-mi verò_fw-la quantum_fw-la valet_fw-la census_fw-la illius_fw-la soccagii_fw-la per_fw-la unum_fw-la annum_fw-la de_fw-fr baronis_fw-la verò_fw-la nihil_fw-la certum_fw-la statutum_fw-la est_fw-la quia_fw-la juxta_fw-la voluntatem_fw-la &_o misericordiam_fw-la domini_fw-la regis_fw-la solent_fw-la baronii_n capitales_fw-la de_fw-la reliviis_fw-la suis_fw-la domino_fw-la regi_fw-la satisfacere_fw-la lib._n 9_o cap._n 4._o but_o such_o uncertainty_n be_v bring_v to_o certainty_n by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 2._o so_o here_o we_o have_v speech_n of_o the_o barony_n temporal_a by_o tenure_n and_o of_o the_o relief_n due_a for_o the_o same_o in_o tertio_fw-la h._n 3._o there_o be_v argue_v a_o ancient_a prerogative_n belong_v to_o the_o crown_n and_o usual_a even_o from_o the_o conquest_n unto_o these_o time_n authentical_o write_v in_o these_o word_n and_o so_o report_v by_o fitzherbert_n quòd_fw-la si_fw-la aliquis_fw-la baro_n domini_fw-la regis_fw-la tenens_fw-la de_fw-la rege_fw-la obiisset_fw-la &_o non_fw-la haberet_fw-la haeredes_fw-la nisi_fw-la filias_fw-la &_o primogenitae_fw-la filiae_fw-la maritatae_fw-la sunt_fw-la in_o vita_fw-la patris_fw-la dominus_fw-la rex_fw-la daret_fw-la postnatam_fw-la filiam_fw-la quae_fw-la remaneret_fw-la in_o haereditate_fw-la patris_fw-la alicui_fw-la milit_fw-la '_o suor_fw-it '_o cum_fw-la tota_fw-la haereditate_fw-la patris_fw-la svi_fw-la de_fw-la qua_fw-la obiisset_fw-la seisitus_fw-la ita_fw-la quòd_fw-la aliae_fw-la filiae_fw-la nihil_fw-la recuperent_fw-la versus_fw-la postnatam_fw-la filiam_fw-la in_o vita_fw-la sva_fw-la et_fw-la omnes_fw-la reges_fw-la habuerunt_fw-la hanc_fw-la dignitatem_fw-la à _fw-la conquestu_fw-la also_o bracton_n lib._n 5._o fol._n 351._o &_o fol._n 357._o do_v make_v express_a mention_n of_o baron_n temporal_a by_o tenure_n it_o shall_v be_v needless_a here_o again_o to_o remember_v the_o former_a allege_a assertion_n of_o bracton_n that_o the_o head_n of_o a_o barony_n descend_v unto_o daughter_n shall_v not_o be_v divide_v by_o partition_n which_o argue_v likewise_o the_o tenure_n by_o barony_n but_o let_v we_o descend_v to_o other_o authority_n that_o be_v to_o say_v to_o the_o book-case_n in_o 48._o e._n 3._o fol._n 30._o sir_n ralph_n everden_n his_o case_n by_o which_o case_n of_o law_n be_v most_o evident_o prove_v that_o there_o be_v baron_n by_o tenure_n and_o in_o regard_n of_o such_o their_o tenure_n ought_v to_o be_v summon_v to_o parliament_n and_o to_o this_o purpose_n you_o may_v read_v a_o private_a statute_n in_o the_o eleven_o year_n of_o henry_n the_o six_o mention_v also_o in_o cambden_n concern_v the_o earldom_n of_o arundel_n and_o also_o another_o statute_n to_o the_o same_o purpose_n make_v 27._o h._n 6._o for_o the_o final_a determination_n of_o a_o controversy_n between_o william_n earl_n of_o arundel_n and_o thomas_n earl_n of_o devonshire_n for_o place_n and_o pre-eminence_n in_o parliament_n i_o will_v wish_v that_o those_o who_o deny_v that_o there_o be_v or_o be_v any_o baron_n by_o tenure_n shall_v consider_v advise_o the_o statute_n of_o westminster_n the_o 2d._o cap._n 41._o where_o the_o fee_n of_o the_o earl_n martial_n and_o lord_n chamberlain_n be_v express_v which_o be_v to_o be_v take_v by_o they_o upon_o the_o homage_n do_v of_o every_o baron_n by_o tenure_n whether_o the_o baron_n hold_v by_o whole_a barony_n or_o by_o less_o but_o ere_o i_o proceed_v further_o there_o arise_v a_o question_n here_o to_o be_v consider_v the_o resolution_n whereof_o may_v give_v great_a light_n and_o in_o a_o manner_n determine_v the_o matter_n in_o hand_n the_o question_n therefore_o be_v this_o question_n if_o a_o baron_n by_o tenure_n alien_a and_o grant_v away_o the_o honour_n castle_n and_o manor_n hold_v by_o barony_n whether_o shall_v such_o alienee_n or_o grantee_n take_v upon_o he_o the_o state_n title_n and_o dignity_n of_o a_o baron_n or_o no_o and_o what_o shall_v become_v of_o such_o a_o dignity_n of_o baronage_n after_o such_o alienation_n or_o grant_v make_v they_o which_o do_v deny_v that_o there_o be_v any_o such_o barony_n by_o tenure_n do_v use_v these_o as_o their_o chief_a and_o principal_a motive_n and_o reason_n first_o if_o there_o be_v any_o barony_n by_o tenure_n than_o the_o alienee_n or_o grantee_n of_o such_o honour_n castle_n or_o manor_n so_o hold_v must_v hold_v by_o the_o same_o tenure_n that_o his_o feoffor_a or_o grantor_n before_o hold_v but_o that_o be_v by_o barony_n therefore_o such_o alienee_n or_o grantee_n must_v hold_v by_o barony_n and_o if_o such_o grant_n or_o alienation_n be_v make_v to_o person_n base_a vulgar_a or_o ignoble_a they_o then_o shall_v by_o such_o tenure_n be_v make_v noble_a which_o be_v marvellous_a absurd_a and_o full_a of_o inconveniency_n for_o non_fw-la dominus_fw-la domo_fw-la sed_fw-la domus_fw-la domino_fw-la honestatur_fw-la see_v tho._n mill_n peroration_n fol_z 3._o second_o it_o be_v very_o evident_a and_o manifest_a that_o many_o ancient_a manor_n which_o in_o old_a time_n be_v hold_v per_fw-la baroniam_fw-la and_o be_v the_o head_n of_o barony_n be_v now_o in_o the_o tenor_n of_o mean_a gentleman_n and_o other_o who_o neither_o do_v or_o may_v challenge_v unto_o themselves_o in_o any_o respect_n thereof_o any_o nobility_n without_o the_o great_a and_o high_a displeasure_n of_o the_o king_n most_o excellent_a majesty_n who_o be_v the_o fountain_n of_o all_o nobility_n within_o his_o dominion_n three_o some_o ancient_a baron_n there_o be_v which_o have_v alien_v and_o sell_v away_o those_o castle_n and_o manor_n of_o the_o which_o they_o have_v and_o bear_v the_o name_n and_o dignity_n of_o baronage_n and_o yet_o themselves_o do_v still_o retain_v and_o lawful_o keep_v their_o estate_n dignity_n and_o degree_n of_o baron_n and_o have_v be_v and_o usual_o be_v such_o alienation_n notwithstanding_o summon_v nevertheless_o to_o the_o parliament_n and_o they_o do_v take_v and_o hold_v their_o ancient_a place_n according_a the_o answer_n for_o the_o better_a
to_o mention_v one_o case_n which_o i_o read_v in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o common_a law_n concern_v the_o descent_n of_o a_o title_n of_o honour_n whereof_o the_o ancestor_n have_v estate_n in_o fee_n simple_a there_o be_v a_o maxim_n in_o the_o law_n possessio_fw-la fratris_fw-la de_fw-la feodo_fw-la simplici_fw-la facit_fw-la '_o sororem_fw-la esse_fw-la heredem_fw-la the_o possession_n of_o the_o brother_n in_o fee_n simple_a do_v make_v his_o sister_n to_o be_v his_o heir_n but_o if_o a_o man_n by_o any_o of_o the_o three_o name_n before_o mention_v be_v create_v into_o a_o title_n of_o dignity_n to_o he_o and_o to_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o and_o he_o have_v issue_v a_o son_n and_o a_o daughter_n by_o one_o venture_n and_o have_v also_o a_o son_n by_o a_o second_o wife_n afterward_o the_o father_n die_v and_o his_o elder_a son_n enter_v into_o all_o his_o father_n inheritance_n and_o also_o enjoy_v the_o title_n and_o name_n of_o dignity_n which_o his_o father_n have_v but_o die_v without_o issue_n in_o this_o case_n the_o dignity_n shall_v go_v and_o descend_v unto_o the_o young_a son_n though_o he_o be_v but_o of_o the_o half_a blood_n unto_o he_o that_o last_o enjoy_v that_o name_n and_o title_n by_o descent_n and_o shall_v â—ot_n descend_v unto_o his_o sister_n of_o the_o whole_a blood_n and_o yet_o in_o this_o case_n she_o shall_v only_o be_v her_o brother_n heir_n of_o all_o his_o fee_n simple_a land_n and_o the_o reason_n and_o cause_n hereof_o be_v because_o possessio_fw-la fratris_fw-la because_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o brother_n be_v the_o main_a and_o sole_a cause_n which_o may_v give_v title_n to_o she_o his_o sister_n which_o fail_v in_o this_o cause_n of_o dignity_n for_o it_o can_v be_v say_v that_o her_o elder_a brother_n be_v in_o possession_n of_o his_o title_n of_o honour_n no_o more_o then_o of_o his_o blood_n for_o the_o diguity_n be_v inherent_a to_o his_o blood_n so_o that_o neither_o by_o his_o own_o act_n neither_o by_o any_o act_n to_o be_v do_v by_o another_o do_v he_o gain_v any_o more_o actual_a possession_n if_o so_o it_o may_v be_v term_v then_o by_o the_o law_n do_v descend_v unto_o he_o and_o therefore_o the_o young_a brother_n may_v well_o by_o the_o law_n make_v himself_o heir_n unto_o his_o father_n of_o the_o honour_n though_o he_o can_v be_v heir_n unto_o his_o brother_n so_o that_o this_o word_n possessio_fw-la which_o be_v none_o other_o than_o pedis_fw-la positio_fw-la a_o fix_v of_o the_o foot_n extend_v only_o unto_o such_o thing_n of_o which_o a_o man_n may_v by_o his_o entry_n or_o other_o act_n and_o do_v require_v actual_a possession_n cook_n 3._o part_n 42._o ratcliff_n case_n and_o have_v thus_o much_o dilate_v concern_v the_o creation_n and_o other_o thing_n incident_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o nobility_n i_o can_v with_o silence_n pretermit_v something_o to_o declare_v concern_v that_o sufficiency_n and_o ability_n of_o estate_n which_o the_o law_n do_v require_v to_o be_v in_o every_o of_o they_o according_a to_o their_o several_a dignity_n the_o common_a law_n always_o will_v that_o decorum_n and_o conveniency_n be_v observe_v consider_v the_o charge_n and_o expense_n appertain_v to_o these_o degree_n and_o dignity_n be_v office_n of_o principal_a service_n to_o the_o king_n and_o the_o realm_n both_o in_o time_n of_o war_n and_o peace_n as_o have_v be_v say_v have_v order_v that_o each_o of_o they_o have_v a_o convenient_a portion_n and_o value_n of_o land_n of_o inheritance_n for_o the_o support_n of_o their_o honour_n which_o supply_n be_v as_o sinew_n conjoin_v unto_o the_o same_o for_o in_o virtue_n and_o in_o riches_n as_o aristotle_n counsel_v all_o the_o old_a nobility_n consist_v and_o which_o two_o as_o ecclesiastes_n teach_v make_v a_o good_a accomplishment_n for_o say_v he_o vtilior_fw-la est_fw-la sapientia_fw-la cum_fw-la divitiis_fw-la conjuncta_fw-la lambert_n perambulation_n of_o kent_n â—68_n therefore_o a_o knight_n ought_v to_o have_v 20._o l._n land_n by_o the_o year_n a_o baron_n 13._o knight_n fee_n and_o a_o quarter_n a_o earl_n 20_o knight_n fee_n and_o this_o do_v appear_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap_n 2._o for_o always_o the_o four_o part_n of_o such_o revenue_n which_o be_v by_o the_o law_n requisite_a to_o the_o dignity_n shall_v be_v pay_v to_o the_o king_n for_o relief_n as_o for_o example_n the_o relief_n of_o a_o knight_n be_v five_o pound_n which_o be_v the_o four_o part_n of_o 20._o l._n which_o be_v the_o revenue_n of_o a_o knight_n see_v the_o statute_n hereof_o 1_o e._n 2._o and_o the_o relief_n of_o a_o baron_n be_v a_o 100_o mark_n which_o be_v the_o four_o part_n of_o his_o revenue_n that_o be_v to_o say_v 400._o mark_n a_o year_n which_o do_v include_v 13._o knight_n fee_n and_o a_o quarter_n and_o the_o relief_n of_o a_o earl_n be_v a_o 100_o l._n which_o be_v the_o four_o part_n of_o 400._o l._n which_o be_v the_o revenue_n of_o a_o earl_n and_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o record_n of_o the_o exchequer_n that_o the_o relief_n of_o a_o duke_n amount_v unto_o 200._o l._n and_o by_o consequence_n his_o revenue_n ought_v to_o be_v 800._o l._n per_fw-la annum_fw-la and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n in_o every_o of_o our_o book_n that_o every_o of_o the_o nobility_n be_v presume_v in_o our_o law_n to_o have_v sufficient_a freehold_n ad_fw-la sustinendum_fw-la nomen_fw-la &_o onus_fw-la and_o to_o what_o value_n these_o ancient_a rent_n in_o time_n of_o h._n 3._o &_o edw._n 1._o at_o this_o day_n do_v amount_v unto_o every_o man_n know_v not_o cook_n 7._o part_n 33._o and_o in_o case_n of_o decay_n of_o nobility_n and_o mean_n as_o senatores_fw-la romani_fw-la rereamoti_fw-la senata_fw-la as_o senator_n of_o rome_n be_v remove_v from_o the_o senate_n so_o sometime_o they_o be_v not_o admit_v to_o the_o upper_a house_n in_o the_o parliament_n though_o they_o keep_v the_o name_n and_o title_n of_o dignity_n still_o sir_n thomas_n smith_n de_fw-fr reipub_fw-la angl._n 221._o and_o by_o a_o statute_n make_v 31._o h._n 8._o ca._n 10._o the_o lord_n have_v their_o place_n prescribe_v after_o this_o manner_n follow_v viz._n these_o four_o the_o lord_n chancellor_n the_o lord_n treasurer_n the_o lord_n precedent_n of_o the_o council_n and_o the_o lord_n privy_a seal_n be_v person_n of_o the_o degree_n of_o a_o baron_n or_o above_o and_o in_o the_o same_o act_n appoint_v to_o sit_v in_o the_o parliament_n and_o all_o assembly_n or_o council_n above_o all_o duty_n not_o be_v of_o the_o blood_n royal_a viz._n the_o king_n brother_n uncle_n nephew_n and_o these_o six_o the_o lord_n high_a chamberlain_n of_o england_n the_o lord_n martial_n and_o the_o lord_n admiral_n of_o england_n the_o lord_n steward_n of_o the_o king_n house_n and_o the_o lord_n chamberlain_n of_o the_o household_n by_o that_o act_n to_o be_v place_v in_o all_o assembly_n of_o council_n after_o the_o lord_n privy_a seal_n according_a to_o their_o degree_n and_o estate_n so_o that_o if_o he_o be_v a_o baron_n than_o he_o be_v to_o sit_v above_o all_o barones_n or_o a_o earl_n above_o all_o earl_n and_o so_o likewise_o the_o king_n secretary_n be_v a_o baron_n of_o the_o parliament_n have_v a_o place_n above_o all_o barones_n and_o if_o he_o be_v a_o man_n of_o high_a degree_n he_o shall_v sit_v and_o be_v place_v according_a thereunto_o privilege_n incident_a to_o the_o nobility_n according_a to_o the_o law_n of_o england_n when_o a_o peer_n of_o the_o realm_n and_o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n be_v to_o be_v arraign_v upon_o any_o treason_n or_o felony_n whereof_o he_o be_v indict_v and_o whereupon_o he_o have_v plead_v not_o guilty_a the_o king_n by_o his_o letter_n patent_n shall_v assign_v some_o great_a and_o sagâ—_n lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n to_o be_v high_a steward_n of_o england_n for_o the_o day_n of_o his_o arraignment_n who_o before_o the_o same_o day_n shall_v make_v precept_n to_o his_o sergeant_n at_o arm_n that_o be_v appoint_v to_o serve_v he_o during_o the_o time_n of_o his_o commission_n to_o warn_v to_o appear_v before_o he_o 18._o or_o 20._o lord_n of_o the_o parliament_n or_o 12._o at_o the_o least_o upon_o the_o same_o day_n and_o then_o at_o the_o day_n appoint_v when_o the_o high_a steward_n shall_v be_v set_v under_o the_o cloth_n of_o state_n upon_o the_o arraignment_n of_o the_o prisoner_n and_o have_v cause_v the_o commission_n to_o be_v read_v the_o same_o sergeant_n shall_v return_v his_o precept_n and_o thereupon_o the_o lord_n shall_v be_v call_v and_o when_o they_o have_v appear_v and_o set_v in_o their_o place_n the_o constable_n of_o the_o tower_n shall_v be_v call_v to_o bring_v his_o prisoner_n into_o the_o court_n who_o then_o shall_v bring_v his_o prisoner_n to_o the_o bar_n and_o the_o high_a
this_o point_n be_v the_o civil_a law_n nevertheless_o there_o be_v a_o judgement_n in_o the_o time_n of_o h._n 3._o touch_v the_o descent_n of_o the_o earldom_n of_o chester_n after_o the_o death_n of_o the_o earl_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n his_o sister_n be_v his_o heir_n which_o judgement_n be_v that_o the_o say_a earldom_n shall_v be_v divide_v among_o the_o say_a copartner_n as_o other_o land_n and_o that_o the_o elder_a shall_v not_o have_v it_o alone_o 23._o h._n 3._o fitz._n partic_a 18._o but_o this_o judgement_n be_v hold_v erroneous_a even_o in_o those_o time_n wherein_o it_o be_v give_v for_o bracton_n a_o learned_a judge_n who_o live_v in_o that_o age_n thus_o write_v thereof_o treat_v of_o partition_n among_o copartner_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 34_o fol._n 76_o b._n de_fw-fr hoc_fw-la autem_fw-la quod_fw-la dicitur_fw-la quod_fw-la de_fw-la feodo_fw-la militare_fw-la veniunt_fw-la in_o divisione_n capitalia_fw-la messuagia_fw-la &_o inter_fw-la cohaeredes_fw-la dividuntur_fw-la hoc_fw-la verum_fw-la est_fw-la nisi_fw-la capital_fw-it messuagium_fw-la illud_fw-la sit_fw-la caput_fw-la comitatus_fw-la propter_fw-la jus_o gladii_fw-la quod_fw-la dividi_fw-la non_fw-la potest_fw-la vel_fw-la caput_fw-la baeroniae_n castrum_fw-la vel_fw-la aliud_fw-la aedificium_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la ideo_fw-la ne_fw-la sit_fw-la caput_fw-la per_fw-la plures_fw-la particulas_fw-la dividetur_fw-la &_o plura_fw-la jura_fw-la comitat_fw-la '_o &_o baroniarum_fw-la deveniant_fw-la ad_fw-la nihilum_fw-la per_fw-la quod_fw-la deficiat_fw-la regnum_fw-la quod_fw-la ex_fw-la comitatibus_fw-la &_o baroniis_fw-la dicitur_fw-la esse_fw-la constitutum_fw-la si_fw-la autem_fw-la plura_fw-la sunt_fw-la aedificia_fw-la quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la capita_fw-la baeroniae_n dividi_fw-la possunt_fw-la inter_fw-la cohaeredes_fw-la facta_fw-la electione_n salvo_fw-la jure_fw-la essentiae_fw-la quia_fw-la cùm_fw-la plura_fw-la sunt_fw-la ibi_fw-la jura_fw-la quodlibet_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la poterit_fw-la integrè_fw-la observart_n quod_fw-la quidem_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la in_o uno_fw-la ut_fw-la praedictum_fw-la est_fw-la licet_fw-la à _fw-la quibusdam_fw-la dicatur_fw-la quòd_fw-la in_o aliis_fw-la regionibus_fw-la aliquando_fw-la de_fw-la consuetudine_fw-la dividatur_fw-la sed_fw-la quod_fw-la nunquam_fw-la dividi_fw-la debeat_fw-la in_o anglia_fw-it videtur_fw-la nec_fw-la visum_fw-la fuit_fw-la contrarium_fw-la &_o erit_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la regionis_fw-la observanda_fw-la ubi_fw-la haereditas_fw-la &_o quae_fw-la petitur_fw-la &_o personae_fw-la nascuntur_fw-la quae_fw-la petunt_fw-la &_o unde_fw-la sic_fw-la dicatur_fw-la quòd_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la angliae_fw-la aliquando_fw-la facta_fw-la fuit_fw-la partitio_fw-la hoc_fw-la fuit_fw-la injustum_fw-la it_o be_v therefore_o evident_a that_o barony_n and_o dignity_n of_o honour_n do_v by_o the_o law_n of_o this_o realm_n descend_v unto_o the_o elder_a coapercener_n and_o the_o judgement_n give_v once_o to_o the_o contrary_a thereof_o bracton_n do_v right_o account_v to_o be_v unjust_a his_o reason_n be_v notable_a for_o in_o as_o much_o as_o the_o honour_n of_o the_o chivalry_n of_o the_o realm_n do_v chief_o consist_v in_o the_o nobility_n reason_n will_v not_o that_o such_o dignity_n shall_v be_v divide_v among_o coaparcener_n whereby_o through_o multitude_n of_o partition_n the_o reputation_n of_o honour_n in_o such_o snccession_n and_o so_o divide_v may_v be_v impair_v or_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o realm_n be_v draw_v into_o many_o hand_n with_o the_o decrease_n of_o livelihood_n by_o partition_n shall_v be_v enfeeble_v in_o which_o resolution_n britton_n the_o learned_a bishop_n of_o hereford_n who_o compile_v his_o book_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o realm_n by_o the_o commandment_n and_o in_o the_o name_n of_o e._n 1._o according_a britton_n 187._o and_o therefore_o howsoever_o that_o judgement_n be_v give_v or_o whensoever_o it_o be_v nevertheless_o very_o evident_a that_o it_o be_v soon_o redress_v for_o if_o it_o be_v give_v upon_o the_o death_n of_o renulph_n the_o last_o of_o that_o name_n the_o earl_n of_o chester_n who_o die_v about_o 17._o h._n 3._o without_o issue_n the_o writer_n of_o that_o time_n do_v testify_v that_o the_o earldom_n of_o chester_n come_v whole_o unto_o john_n scot_n the_o son_n of_o david_n earl_n of_o huntingdon_n and_o anguish_n and_o of_o maud_n the_o elder_a sister_n of_o the_o say_v renulph_n if_o it_o be_v give_v upon_o the_o death_n of_o the_o say_v john_n scot_n who_o die_v without_o issue_n about_o 14._o h._n 7._o yet_o notwithstanding_o the_o say_a judgement_n stand_v not_o in_o force_n for_o that_o the_o say_a king_n assume_v the_o say_a earldom_n into_o his_o own_o hand_n upon_o other_o satisfaction_n make_v to_o the_o sister_n coparcener_n of_o the_o say_v john_n scot._n ne_fw-la tanta_fw-la hereditas_fw-la colos_fw-la deduceretur_fw-la matth._n paris_n monast_n s._n albani_n in_o arr._n fol._n 3._o 66._o b._n tamen_fw-la vide_fw-la vill._n fol._n 75._o et_fw-la joh._n guill_n 78._o for_o this_o it_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v out_o of_o precedent_n and_o to_o be_v acknowledge_v of_o every_o dutiful_a subject_n that_o the_o king_n be_v at_o liberty_n to_o call_v and_o advance_v to_o honour_v who_o his_o highness_n shall_v in_o his_o princely_a wisdom_n think_v most_o meet_a and_o therefore_o whereas_o ralph_n lord_n cromwell_n be_v a_o baron_n by_o writ_n dye_v without_o issue_n have_v two_o sister_n and_o coheir_n elizabeth_n the_o elder_a marry_v unto_o sir_n thomas_n nevil_n knight_n and_o joane_n the_o young_a marry_v unto_o sir_n hunt_v burth_o he_o who_o marry_v the_o young_a sister_n be_v call_v unto_o the_o parliament_n as_o lord_n cromwell_n and_o not_o the_o say_a sir_n thomas_n nevil_n who_o have_v marry_v the_o elder_a sister_n and_o hugh_n lupus_n the_o first_o and_o great_a earl_n of_o chester_n be_v by_o the_o conqueror_n his_o uncle_n create_v earl_n of_o chester_n habemus_fw-la sibi_fw-la &_o heredibus_fw-la adeo_fw-la libere_fw-la per_fw-la gladium_fw-la sicut_fw-la ipse_fw-la rex_fw-la tenuit_fw-la angliam_fw-la per_fw-la coronam_fw-la hugh_n die_v without_o issue_n and_o the_o inheritance_n of_o his_o earldom_n be_v divide_v among_o his_o four_o sister_n and_o the_o elder_a have_v not_o the_o seignory_n entire_a unto_o herself_o read_v mill_n 74_o 75._o cook_n b._n part_n 53._o &_o 7._o part_n 15._o if_o a_o woman_n be_v noble_a by_o birth_n or_o by_o descent_n with_o whosoever_o she_o do_v marry_v though_o her_o husband_n be_v under_o her_o degree_n yet_o she_o do_v remain_v noble_a for_o her_o birthright_n est_fw-fr character_n in_fw-la delibilis_fw-la cook_n 4._o part_n 118._o b._n 6._o part_n 53._o b._n other_o woman_n be_v ennoble_v by_o marriage_n and_o the_o text_n say_v thus_o viz._n woman_n with_o the_o honour_n of_o their_o husband_n and_o with_o the_o kindred_n of_o their_o husband_n we_o worship_v they_o in_o the_o court_n we_o decree_v matter_n to_o pass_v in_o the_o name_n of_o their_o husband_n and_o into_o the_o house_n and_o surname_n of_o their_o husband_n we_o do_v translate_v they_o but_o if_o afterward_o a_o woman_n do_v marry_v with_o a_o man_n of_o base_a degree_n then_o lose_v she_o her_o former_a dignity_n and_o follow_v the_o condition_n of_o her_o latter_a husband_n fortescue_n de_fw-fr laudibus_fw-la legum_fw-la angl._n 100_o and_o as_o concern_v the_o second_o disparage_v marriage_n as_o aforesaid_a many_o other_o book_n of_o the_o law_n do_v agree_v for_o these_o bee_n rule_v receive_v in_o those_o case_n si_fw-la mulier_fw-la nobilis_fw-la nupserit_fw-la ignobili_fw-la desit_fw-la esse_fw-la nobilis_fw-la &_o eadem_fw-la modo_fw-la quo_fw-la quidem_fw-la constitut_n dissolvitur_fw-la cook_n 6._o part_n 53._o b._n &_o 4._o part_n 118._o it_o be_v the_o case_n of_o ralph_n hayward_n esquire_n who_o take_v to_o his_o wife_n anne_n the_o widow_n of_o the_o lord_n powes_n they_o bring_v a_o action_n against_o the_o duke_n of_o suffolk_n by_o the_o name_n of_o ralph_n hayward_n esquire_n and_o the_o lady_n anne_n powes_n his_o wife_n and_o exception_n be_v take_v for_o misname_v she_o because_o she_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v name_v by_o the_o husband_n name_n and_o not_o otherwise_o and_o the_o exception_n be_v by_o the_o court_n allow_v for_o say_v they_o by_o the_o law_n of_o god_n she_o be_v sub_fw-la potestate_fw-la viri_fw-la and_o by_o our_o law_n her_o name_n of_o dignity_n shall_v be_v change_v according_a to_o the_o degree_n of_o her_o husband_n notwithstanding_o the_o courtesy_n of_o the_o lady_n of_o honour_n and_o court_n dyer_n 79._o and_o the_o like_a be_v also_o in_o queen_n mary_n reign_n when_o the_o duchess_n of_o suffolk_n take_v to_o her_o husband_n adrian_n stoakes_n prob._n 456._o and_o many_o other_o precedent_n have_v be_v of_o latter_a time_n and_o herewith_o agree_v the_o civil_a law_n punctual_o digest_v lib._n 1._o tit._n 9_o lege_fw-la 8._o eodem_fw-la de_fw-la dignitate_fw-la libre_fw-la 12._o lege_fw-la 2._o in_o this_o case_n of_o acquire_v nobility_n by_o marriage_n of_o question_n in_o law_n be_v whereupon_o a_o issue_n be_v take_v between_o the_o party_n that_o be_v to_o say_v duchess_n or_o not_o duchess_n countess_n or_o not_o countess_n baronesse_n or_o not_o baronesse_n the_o
he_o shall_v be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o custody_n both_o for_o his_o land_n and_o for_o his_o body_n vide_fw-la cook_n 6_o part_n 74_o a._n and_o therefore_o it_o be_v provide_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 3._o ita_fw-la tamen_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la ipsâ—_fw-la dum_fw-la infra_fw-la atatem_fw-la fuerint_fw-la fiat_fw-la mile_n nihil_fw-la ominous_a terra_fw-la remaneat_fw-la in_o custodia_fw-la dominorum_fw-la suorum_fw-la so_o that_o although_o such_o a_o heir_n within_o age_n be_v make_v a_o knight_n and_o thereby_o to_o this_o purpose_n be_v esteem_v of_o full_a age_n yet_o the_o law_n shall_v remain_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o lord_n till_o his_o age_n of_o 21._o year_n by_o the_o provision_n of_o the_o say_v act._n quere_z if_o the_o son_n and_o heir_n of_o the_o tenant_n of_o the_o king_n by_o knight-service_n etc._n etc._n be_v make_v knight_n in_o paris_n by_o the_o king_n of_o france_n whether_o he_o shall_v be_v out_o of_o wardship_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o father_n or_o no_o for_o thereby_o he_o be_v a_o knight_n in_o england_n cook_n 7._o par_fw-fr a._n 2._o e._n 4._o foe_n b._n tamen_fw-la vide_fw-la cook_n 6._o par_fw-fr 74._o b._n mention_n be_v only_o make_v of_o knight_n make_v by_o the_o king_n himself_o or_o by_o his_o lieutenant_n in_o ireland_n but_o when_o the_o king_n do_v make_v a_o heir_n apparent_a within_o age_n of_o a_o tenant_n by_o knight_n service_n a_o knight_n in_o the_o life_n time_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n the_o say_a heir_n be_v within_o age_n shall_v in_o this_o case_n be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o shall_v pay_v no_o value_n for_o his_o marriage_n neither_o shall_v the_o lord_n have_v the_o custody_n of_o the_o land_n for_o in_o that_o case_n by_o the_o make_n of_o he_o knight_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o ancestor_n he_o be_v make_v of_o full_a age_n so_o that_o when_o his_o ancestor_n die_v no_o interest_n in_o the_o body_n nor_o in_o the_o land_n shall_v invest_v but_o the_o knight_n may_v tender_v his_o livery_n as_o if_o he_o be_v of_o full_a age_n and_o in_o this_o case_n the_o king_n shall_v have_v primer_n seisin_n as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v 21._o year_n old_a at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o decease_n of_o his_o ancestor_n and_o not_o otherwise_o cook_n 8._o part_n fol._n 171._o a._n for_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la do_v not_o extend_v unto_o it_o for_o the_o purpose_n of_o it_o do_v extend_v only_o when_o the_o heir_n be_v in_o ward_n infra_fw-la etatem_fw-la be_v make_v knight_n then_o remaneat_fw-la terra_fw-la in_o custodia_fw-la but_o when_o the_o heir_n be_v in_o ward_n be_v knight_n in_o the_o life_n of_o his_o ancestor_n than_o the_o custody_n can_v remain_v or_o continue_v which_o have_v never_o any_o inception_n or_o essence_n also_o when_o the_o heir_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n within_o age_n be_v make_v a_o knight_n if_o after_o tender_a make_v unto_o he_o he_o within_o age_n do_v marry_v elsewhere_o yet_o he_o shall_v not_o pay_v the_o forfeiture_n of_o his_o marriage_n for_o by_o the_o make_n of_o he_o knight_n he_o be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o custody_n of_o his_o lord_n for_o than_o he_o ought_v to_o be_v svi_fw-la juris_fw-la and_o may_v employ_v himself_o in_o feat_n of_o arm_n for_o defence_n of_o this_o realm_n and_o therefore_o may_v not_o be_v within_o the_o custody_n or_o keep_n of_o another_o but_o none_o shall_v pay_v any_o forfeitute_n but_o when_o after_o refusal_n he_o do_v marry_v himself_o during_o the_o time_n when_o he_o be_v under_o the_o custody_n or_o keep_n of_o his_o lord_n and_o this_o do_v appear_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o merton_n cap._n 6._o si_fw-mi maritaverit_fw-la sine_fw-la licentia_fw-la domini_fw-la svi_fw-la ut_fw-la ei_fw-la auferat_fw-la maritagium_fw-la suum_fw-la etc._n etc._n which_o word_n can_v be_v understand_v when_o he_o be_v out_o of_o ward_n and_o custody_n no_o more_o than_o when_o he_o be_v marry_v after_o his_o age_n of_o one_o and_o twenty_o year_n note_v hereby_o may_v appear_v that_o the_o king_n may_v present_v his_o grant_n or_o other_o lord_n of_o the_o double_a value_n by_o knighthood_n yet_o in_o such_o a_o case_n present_o after_o the_o heir_n be_v make_v knight_n after_o the_o death_n of_o his_o ancestor_n the_o lord_n may_v have_v a_o writ_n de_fw-fr valour_n marigii_n for_o the_o single_a cook_n 6._o part_n 74._o and_o 75_o and_o note_n plowden_n f._n 267._o also_o by_o the_o ancient_a common-law_n of_o this_o realm_n if_o a_o villain_n be_v be_v make_v a_o knight_n he_o be_v immediate_o enfranfranchize_v olanvile_n lib._n 5._o cap._n 5._o f._n â—7_n and_o bracton_n lib._n 4._o cap._n 198._o b._n or_o if_o a_o ribald_n or_o man_n of_o base_a birth_n and_o condition_n have_v strike_v a_o knight_n he_o shall_v by_o the_o ancient_a law_n have_v lose_v his_o hand_n wherewith_o he_o offend_v britton_n 19_o in_o his_o appeal_n but_o in_o france_n it_o be_v judge_v ancient_o that_o when_o a_o lord_n of_o a_o villain_n have_v knight_v his_o villain_n be_v a_o gentleman_n he_o become_v free_a and_o have_v the_o honour_n lawful_o but_o if_o another_o lord_n have_v knight_v he_o nothing_o have_v be_v wrought_v by_o it_o for_o none_o can_v mannue_n he_o but_o the_o lord_n and_o till_o manumission_n or_o till_o knighthood_n have_v civil_a freedom_n for_o his_o ground_n he_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o it_o except_o by_o the_o king_n only_o vide_fw-la selden_n title_n of_o honour_n fol._n 318._o it_o be_v enact_v in_o parliament_n anno_fw-la 6._o joh._n regis_fw-la in_o hec_fw-la verba_fw-la rex_fw-la vicecom_v etc._n etc._n sciatis_fw-la quod_fw-la consensum_fw-la est_fw-la cum_fw-la assensu_fw-la archieporum_fw-la comit._n baronium_n &_o omnium_fw-la fidâ—lium_fw-la urum_fw-la angl._n quod_fw-la novem_n milites_fw-la per_fw-la totam_fw-la angl._n invenient_fw-la decimum_fw-la militem_fw-la bene_fw-la paratum_fw-la equis_fw-la &_o armis_fw-la ad_fw-la defensionem_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la vide_fw-la cook_n before_o his_o nine_o book_n b._n there_o have_v ever_o be_v and_o still_o be_v great_a use_n of_o the_o service_n of_o knight_n even_o in_o civil_a affair_n and_o concern_v matter_n of_o justice_n as_o in_o a_o writ_n of_o right_a which_o be_v the_o high_a writ_n in_o the_o law_n for_o the_o trial_n of_o title_n touch_v the_o inheritance_n of_o land_n the_o tenant_n be_v at_o election_n to_o have_v his_o trial_n by_o a_o grand_a assize_n or_o else_o by_o battle_n if_o by_o the_o great_a assize_n than_o wâ—â—t_n de_fw-fr magna_fw-la assiza_fw-mi elegenda_fw-la shall_v be_v take_v out_o and_o upon_o the_o return_n of_o that_o write_v those_o four_o knight_n nominate_v must_v appear_v gladiis_fw-la cinctis_fw-la dyer_n 79._o f._n 103._o if_o the_o tenant_n make_v his_o election_n by_o battle_n each_o party_n be_v to_o choose_v their_o champion_n and_o the_o court_n shall_v award_v the_o battle_n and_o the_o champion_n shall_v be_v a_o mainprize_n and_o swear_v to_o perform_v the_o battle_n at_o a_o certain_a day_n in_o the_o term_n and_o idem_fw-la dies_fw-la shall_v be_v give_v to_o the_o party_n at_o which_o day_n and_o place_n a_o list_n shall_v be_v make_v in_o a_o even_a and_o plain_a ground_n their_o squadrant_n that_o be_v to_o say_v every_o square_a 60._o foot_n east_n west_n north_n and_o south_n and_o the_o place_n or_o court_n for_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o common_a plea_n without_o and_o upon_o the_o list_n furnish_v with_o the_o same_o clothes_n which_o belong_v to_o their_o court_n at_o westminster_n and_o a_o bar_n there_o shall_v be_v make_v for_o the_o sergeant_n at_o law_n and_o the_o robe_n of_o the_o justice_n and_o sergeant_n shall_v be_v of_o scatlet_n with_o their_o coif_n as_o it_o be_v anno_fw-la 13._o eliz._n and_o then_o be_v make_v proclamation_n with_o three_o o._n yes_o etc._n etc._n and_o the_o demandant_n be_v first_o solemn_o demand_v and_o do_v not_o appear_v whereupon_o the_o mainprize_n of_o the_o champion_n be_v demand_v to_o bring_v forth_o the_o champion_n of_o the_o demandant_n who_o come_v to_o the_o place_n apparel_v with_o red_a sandal_n upon_o his_o black_a armour_n bare_a legged_a from_o the_o knee_n downward_o and_o bear_v head_v and_o bare_a arm_n to_o the_o elbow_n be_v bring_v in_o by_o a_o knight_n namely_o by_o sir_n jerome_n bowes_n who_o carry_v a_o red_a baston_n of_o a_o ell_n long_o typt_v with_o horn_n and_o a_o yeoman_n carry_v the_o target_n make_v of_o double_a leather_n and_o they_o be_v bring_v in_o at_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o list_n and_o go_v about_o the_o side_n of_o the_o list_n and_o then_o come_v towards_o the_o bar_n before_o the_o justice_n with_o their_o solemn_a congee_n and_o there_o be_v he_o make_v to_o stay_v on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o place_n be_v the_o right_a side_n of_o
the_o court._n and_o after_o that_o the_o other_o champion_n be_v bring_v in_o like_a manner_n at_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o list_n with_o like_a congee_n by_o the_o hand_n of_o sir_n henry_n cheney_n knight_n and_o be_v place_v on_o the_o northside_n of_o the_o bar_n and_o two_o sergeant_n be_v of_o the_o counsel_n of_o each_o party_n in_o the_o midst_n between_o they_o this_o do_v the_o demandant_n be_v solemn_o call_v again_o and_o appear_v not_o but_o make_v default_n burham_n sergeant_n for_o the_o tenant_n pray_v the_o court_n to_o record_v the_o nonsuite_n quod_fw-la factum_fw-la fuit_fw-la and_o then_o dyer_n chief_a justice_n recite_v the_o writ_n and_o count_n and_o issue_n join_v upon_o the_o battle_n and_o the_o oath_n of_o the_o champion_n to_o perform_v it_o and_o the_o prefixion_n of_o his_o day_n and_o place_n do_v give_v judgement_n against_o the_o demandant_n and_o that_o the_o tenant_n shall_v have_v the_o land_n to_o he_o and_o to_o his_o heir_n for_o ever_o and_o the_o demandant_n and_o his_o pledge_n de_fw-la prosequendo_fw-la in_o miserecordia_fw-la reginae_fw-la and_o afterward_o solemn_a proclamation_n be_v make_v that_o the_o champion_n and_o all_o other_o there_o present_a which_o be_v by_o estimation_n four_o thousand_o person_n may_v depart_v in_o the_o peace_n of_o god_n &_o the_o queen_n et_fw-la sic_fw-la fecerunt_fw-la magna_fw-la clamoro_fw-la vivat_fw-la râ—gina_fw-la vid._n dy._n 30._o also_o if_o false_a judgement_n be_v give_v in_o the_o county_n in_o the_o sheriff_n court_n than_o the_o writ_n shall_v be_v direct_v unto_o the_o same_o sheriff_n and_o the_o writ_n shall_v be_v thus_o viz._n henricus_fw-la etc._n etc._n vic_a lincoln_n '_o saltum_fw-la si_fw-la jo_n afec_n '_o tunc_fw-la in_fw-la pleno_fw-la comitat._n tuo_fw-la recordari_fw-la fac_fw-la '_o loquar_fw-la que_fw-la est_fw-la in_o eodem_fw-la comitatu_fw-la tuo_fw-la per_fw-la breed_v '_o nostri_fw-la the_o rectâ—_n inter_fw-la johannem_fw-la a_o pretend_v &_o w._n b._n tenant_n '_o de_fw-fr uno_fw-la messuagio_fw-mi &_o centum_fw-la acre_n terrae_fw-la cum_fw-la pertinend_n in_o com_n unde_fw-la idem_fw-la io_n acqueritur_fw-la falsum_fw-la sibi_fw-la factum_fw-la fuisse_fw-la judicium_fw-la in_o eodem_fw-la &_o recordo_fw-la illud_fw-la litter_n '_o coram_fw-la justice_n '_o nostris_fw-la apud_fw-la westm_n '_o tali_fw-la die_fw-la sub_fw-la figillo_fw-la tuo_fw-la et_fw-la legales_fw-la milites_fw-la ejusdâ—m_fw-la com'_n &_o illis_fw-la qui_fw-la record_n '_o illi_fw-la interfâ—enunâ—_n &_o some_o '_o per_fw-la bonos_fw-es somonon_fw-fr '_o breed_fw-mi '_o b._n quod_fw-la tunc_fw-la et_fw-la ibi_fw-la auditurae_fw-la recordum_fw-la illud_fw-la et_fw-la habeas_fw-la ibi_fw-la sun_n '_o nostra_fw-la quatuor_fw-la militum_fw-la et_fw-la hoc_fw-la â—re_n '_o fitz._n h._n nat._n bâ—_n '_o et_fw-fr ibid._n and_o these_o four_o must_v be_v knight_n indeed_o also_o the_o justice_n upon_o consideration_n of_o the_o usual_a word_n in_o every_o writ_n of_o venire_fw-la facias_fw-la which_o by_o precipimus_fw-la tibi_fw-la quod_fw-la venire_fw-la facias_fw-la câ—ram_fw-la etc._n etc._n 12._o tam_fw-la milites_fw-la quamalios_fw-la liberos_fw-la et_fw-la legales_fw-la homines_fw-la etc._n etc._n say_v that_o these_o word_n tam_fw-la milites_fw-la be_v not_o at_o the_o first_o put_v into_o the_o writ_n without_o effect_n plowden_n fol._n 117._o b._n for_o it_o seem_v that_o in_o diebus_fw-la illis_fw-la some_o knight_n be_v return_v upon_o every_o venire_fw-la facias_fw-la by_o the_o statute_n of_o magra_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 12._o it_o be_v ordain_v that_o assize_n of_o novel_a diseisin_n and_o mort._n dancestor_n shall_v not_o be_v take_v any_o where_o but_o within_o the_o connty_n where_o they_o happen_v if_o a_o tenant_n do_v lay_v a_o essoyne_n de_fw-fr malo_fw-la lecti_fw-la he_o may_v have_v a_o writ_n out_o of_o the_o chancery_n to_o warrant_v it_o by_o which_o it_o shall_v be_v command_v to_o four_o knight_n to_o view_v he_o and_o if_o they_o see_v himsicke_n than_o they_o be_v to_o give_v he_o day_n to_o the_o end_n of_o a_o year_n and_o a_o day_n finche_n book_n 87._o b._n note_v the_o register_n fol._n 117._o b._n quod_fw-la corceraiur_fw-fr non_fw-la obligatur_fw-la nisi_fw-la sit_fw-la mile_n etc._n etc._n juxta_fw-la fornam_fw-la statuti_fw-la westm_n 1._o cap._n 10._o &_o stamford'_v plea_n fol._n 40._o it_o be_v a_o receive_a opinion_n that_o knight_n be_v excuse_v from_o attendance_n at_o leet_n britton_n â—9_n and_o 36._o be_v cite_v to_o p_o rove_v it_o and_o by_o a_o large_a understanding_n of_o the_o intent_n and_o meaning_n of_o the_o statute_n of_o marlbr_n cap._n 10._o for_o the_o ancient_a common-law_n have_v such_o respect_n unto_o the_o degree_n of_o knighthood_n that_o they_o or_o their_o elder_a son_n be_v not_o compellable_n to_o find_v pledge_n in_o the_o leet_n or_o law-daye_n for_o the_o statute_n of_o marlbr_n aforesaid_a be_v not_o introductive_a legis_fw-la for_o it_o be_v before_o the_o conquest_n vide_fw-la the_o lord_n chancellor_n speech_n fol._n 77._o and_o the_o common-law_n by_o this_o statute_n be_v not_o allege_v and_o to_o that_o effect_n vide_fw-la finche_n book_n fol._n 132._o a._n and_o bro._n tit_n fol._n 39_o and_o to_o the_o book_n call_v the_o mirror_n of_o justice_n mention_v in_o the_o preface_n to_o cook_n vinth_n part_n it_o be_v say_v that_o knight_n be_v except_v and_o so_o it_o appear_v that_o the_o practice_n be_v as_o well_o before_o as_o immediate_o after_o the_o make_n of_o that_o statute_n of_o marlb_n and_o interpretation_n practica_fw-la a_o ptinciple_n way_n and_o form_n of_o interpretation_n of_o law_n the_o lord_n chancellor_n speech_n in_o the_o case_n of_o post-nati_a 34._o and_o in_o divinity_n propter_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la est_fw-la interpretes_n preceptorum_fw-la â—bidem_fw-la 66._o but_o a_o knight_n and_o superior_n and_o inferior_n be_v bind_v by_o law_n to_o take_v notice_n of_o the_o proceed_n there_o for_o if_o a_o man_n be_v outlawed_a for_o felony_n at_o a_o county_n court_n and_o one_o of_o the_o same_o county_n not_o know_v of_o the_o felony_n do_v receive_v he_o he_o be_v accessary_a 13._o &_o 14._o eliz._n dyer_n 355._o a._n et_fw-fr stamford_n 96._o et_fw-fr 41._o eliz._n also_o when_o the_o king_n do_v summon_v to_o his_o parliament_n writ_n shall_v be_v send_v to_o the_o sheriff_n to_o make_v choice_n of_o knight_n for_o every_o shire_n in_o this_o form_n rex_fw-la vic'_fw-fr etc._n etc._n saltim_fw-la quia_fw-la nostri_fw-la consilii_fw-la pro_fw-la quibusdam_fw-la arduis_fw-la &_o urgentihus_fw-la negotiis_fw-la nos_fw-la statum_fw-la et_fw-la defensionem_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la angliâ—_n &_o ecclesiae_fw-la anglicanae_n concernen_fw-ge '_o quoddam_fw-la parliamentum_fw-la nostrum_fw-la apud_fw-la civitatem_fw-la nostram_fw-la westm_n 12._o die_v novembr_n prox_n futur_fw-la '_o teneri_fw-la ordinavimus_fw-la et_fw-la ibidem_fw-la prefatis_fw-la magnatibus_fw-la proceribus_fw-la dom_n '_o regni_fw-la nostrâ—_fw-la colloquium_fw-la habere_fw-la et_fw-la tractare_fw-la tibi_fw-la precipimus_fw-la fiâ—miter_fw-la iujungentis_fw-la quod_fw-la facta_fw-la proclamatione_fw-la in_o proximâ—_n tuo_fw-la poâ—t_fw-la receptionem_fw-la huius_fw-la litteris_fw-la nostris_fw-la tenen_fw-la â—â—_o die_v &_o loco_fw-la predict_v '_o dâ—os_fw-la milites_fw-la gladiâ—_n cinctis_fw-la magis_fw-la idoneos_fw-la &_o discreet_a '_o com'_n predict_v '_o etc._n etc._n &_o electionem_fw-la illam_fw-la in_o distâ—ncte_fw-la &_o aperte_fw-la sub_fw-la sigillo_fw-la tuo_fw-la &_o sub_fw-la sigillis_fw-la â—orum_fw-la qui_fw-la electioni_fw-la illi_fw-la interfuerint_fw-la nobis_fw-la in_o cancellaria_fw-la nostra_fw-la &_o locum_fw-la certisices_fw-la indilate_v cromptons_n court_n 1._o b._n vide_fw-la stat._n de_fw-fr aâ—_n 23._o h_o 6._o cap._n 15._o where_o among_o other_o thing_n it_o be_v enact_v that_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o shire_n for_o parliament_n hereafter_o to_o be_v choose_v shall_v be_v natural_a knight_n of_o the_o same_o county_n for_o the_o which_o they_o shall_v be_v so_o choose_v or_o otherwise_o such_o natural_a esquier_n or_o gentleman_n be_v of_o the_o same_o county_n as_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o be_v knight_n vide_fw-la plowden_n fol._n 121._o peer_n be_v by_o intendment_n of_o law_n sufficient_a of_o freehold_n and_o that_o be_v one_o of_o the_o reason_n whereof_o no_o capias_fw-la or_o exigent_n lie_v against_o he_o for_o debt_n or_o trespass_n but_o the_o law_n hâ—th_v not_o that_o opinion_n of_o the_o knight_n sufficiency_n of_o freehold_n for_o â—ee_n may_v be_v a_o knight_n sans_o terrae_fw-la therefore_o 26._o h._n 8._o 7._o a._n brook_n exigent_n 72._o and_o then_o he_o be_v to_o be_v return_v of_o any_o jury_n or_o inquest_n howsoever_o he_o may_v be_v worthy_a and_o sufficient_a to_o serve_v the_o commonwealth_n in_o martial_a affair_n the_o wife_n and_o widow_n of_o knight_n in_o legal_a proceed_n and_o in_o court_n of_o justice_n have_v not_o the_o title_n of_o lady_n as_o the_o wife_n or_o widow_n of_o nobleman_n have_v but_o that_o title_n by_o the_o courteous_a speech_n of_o england_n and_o if_o in_o any_o action_n they_o be_v not_o call_v lady_n for_o that_o cause_n the_o writ_n shall_v not_o abate_v for_o that_o surplusage_n
anno_fw-la 8._o h._n 6._o 10._o because_o domine_fw-la be_v general_o aâ—_n man_n domini_fw-la so_o woman_n after_o 14._o year_n of_o age_n call_v domine_fw-la lady_n or_o dame_n and_o which_o be_v ancient_o navigeable_a woman_n be_v call_v domine_fw-la and_o by_o our_o english_a poet_n dame_n first_o domine_fw-la be_v often_o for_o woman_n general_o as_o special_a honour_n for_o that_o sex_n not_o be_v out_o of_o use_n with_o we_o at_o this_o day_n nor_o with_o the_o french_a as_o also_o among_o the_o italian_n domine_fw-la for_o they_o be_v familiar_a vide_fw-la selden'_v title_n of_o honour_n 1._o part_n fol._n 53._o but_o if_o she_o be_v name_v countess_n or_o baroness_n shall_v abate_v the_o writ_n 14._o h._n 6._o 2._o and_o cook_n 6._o part_n des_fw-fr report_n 53._o b._n by_o the_o statute_n of_o magna_fw-la charta_fw-la cap._n 21._o knight_n be_v free_a from_o cart_n take_v that_o no_o demean_v cart_n of_o they_o shall_v be_v take_v by_o the_o statute_n of_o 1._o jac._n cap._n 27._o it_o seem_v that_o knight_n may_v keep_v greyhound_n and_o set_v dog_n or_o net_n to_o take_v pheasant_n or_o partridge_n in_o though_o they_o can_v dispense_v 10._o l._n per_fw-la aâ—num_fw-la nor_o be_v worth_a 200._o l._n for_o the_o express_a word_n of_o that_o statute_n be_v that_o all_o the_o son_n of_o knight_n be_v except_v observation_n concern_v a_o knight_n bachelor_n a_o knight_n bachelor_n can_v claim_v the_o privilege_n that_o knight_n have_v from_o cart-taking_a by_o magna_fw-la châ—rta_fw-la cap._n 21._o a_o knight_n bachelor_n son_n can_v keep_v a_o greyhound_n because_o he_o be_v not_o within_o the_o statute_n of_o 1._o jac._n cap._n 27._o unless_o he_o have_v 10._o l._n land_n etc._n etc._n quaere_fw-la whether_o the_o knight_n bachelor_n addition_n do_v abate_v any_o action_n etc._n etc._n if_o one_o he_o knight_v in_o the_o life_n time_n of_o his_o father_n it_o free_v he_o of_o wardship_n but_o e_fw-la contrario_fw-la of_o a_o knight_n bachelor_n knight_n be_v excuse_v from_o attendance_n at_o leet_n but_o so_o be_v not_o knight_n bachelor_n of_o esquire_n although_o by_o the_o civil_a law_n there_o be_v no_o gentleman_n of_o title_n under_o knight_n but_o all_o the_o rest_n go_v under_o the_o name_n of_o people_n yet_o with_o we_o there_o be_v in_o the_o rank_n who_o have_v name_n of_o pre-eminence_n whereby_o they_o be_v in_o degree_n above_o the_o rest_n as_o esquier_n and_o gentleman_n all_o which_o give_v ensign_n or_o coat_n of_o arm_n and_o thereby_o be_v distingnish_v from_o the_o mean_a sort_n of_o people_n in_o which_o respect_n bartol_n tract_n de_fw-fr insignis_fw-la call_v noble_a but_o of_o a_o weak_a nobility_n for_o it_o have_v no_o further_a prerogative_n in_o it_o then_o that_o it_o make_v they_o differ_v from_o the_o base_a sort_n of_o people_n of_o these_o two_o sort_n of_o gentleman_n with_o we_o the_o esquire_n have_v the_o prerogative_n priority_n but_o it_o seem_v if_o a_o esquire_n be_v name_v gentleman_n or_o a_o gentleman_n be_v name_v esquire_n it_o be_v no_o vice_n in_o legal_a proceed_n brook_n addition_n 44._o esquire_n seem_v by_o the_o common_a name_n we_o give_v he_o in_o latin_a to_o have_v have_v his_o original_n either_o for_o that_o he_o carry_v the_o armour_n of_o the_o king_n duke_z or_o other_o great_a personage_n as_o we_o see_v not_o only_o in_o the_o scripture_n as_o saul_n and_o jonathan_n have_v their_o armour_n bearer_n but_o in_o poet_n and_o other_o profane_a story_n patroclus_n be_v achilles_n his_o armour_n bearer_n and_o clitus_n great_a alexander_n whereupon_o some_o write_v that_o he_o who_o we_o call_v armiger_n in_o latin_a be_v a_o footman_n that_o with_o a_o spear_n shield_n or_o head_n piece_n follow_v a_o arm_a knight_n in_o battle_n or_o rather_o as_o some_o other_o suppose_v it_o be_v the_o footman_n himself_o arm_v in_o the_o field_n but_o howsoever_o the_o word_n be_v take_v this_o be_v sure_a those_o man_n be_v of_o good_a account_n in_o old_a time_n as_o those_o who_o win_v themselves_o credit_v out_o of_o war_n and_o so_o their_o estimation_n remain_v unto_o their_o posterity_n and_o as_o those_o be_v in_o time_n before_o so_o be_v these_o which_o be_v in_o our_o day_n as_o descend_v for_o the_o most_o part_n from_o their_o worthy_a ancestor_n and_o our_o book_n of_o the_o common_a law_n do_v distinguish_v they_o thus_o that_o be_v to_o say_v knighthood_n be_v a_o dignity_n but_o esquire_n and_o gentleman_n be_v but_o name_n of_o worship_n an._n 14._o h._n 5._o and_o brook_n in_o his_o abridgement_n in_o that_o case_n it_o be_v nosm_a the_o dignity_n 33._o say_v to_o be_v a_o knight_n est_fw-la gradus_fw-la but_o to_o be_v a_o esquire_n or_o gentleman_n est_fw-la status_fw-la for_o gradus_fw-la continet_fw-la statum_n in_fw-la se_fw-la &_o non_fw-la e_fw-la contrari_fw-la vide_fw-la thesoal_n 105._o concern_v this_o word_n worshipful_a read_v in_o the_o print_a book_n master_n selden'_v title_n of_o honour_n prima_fw-la pars_fw-la fol._n 124._o &_o sequentia_fw-la in_o time_n past_a every_o knight_n have_v two_o of_o these_o wait_n upon_o he_o they_o carry_v his_o morion_n and_o shield_n and_o as_o inseparable_a companion_n they_o stick_v close_o to_o he_o because_o of_o the_o say_a knight_n their_o lord_n they_o have_v certain_a land_n in_o escuage_n like_v as_o have_v the_o knight_n himself_o who_o hold_v they_o of_o the_o king_n by_o knight_n service_n the_o beginning_n of_o arm_n in_o europe_n among_o christian_n be_v suppose_v from_o the_o holy_a war_n for_o the_o turk_n paint_v they_o not_o and_o so_o with_o we_o about_o h._n 3._o they_o become_v more_o hereditary_o establish_v and_o when_o the_o prince_n enable_v any_o he_o give_v they_o the_o particular_a of_o his_o bear_n in_o blazon_n master_n seldâ—n_n in_o his_o preface_n fol._n 5._o where_n you_o may_v also_o see_v a_o example_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o r._n 2._o but_o now_o adays_o there_o be_v five_o distinct_a sort_n of_o these_o for_o those_o who_o i_o have_v speak_v already_o be_v now_o no_o more_o in_o any_o request_n the_o principal_a esquire_n at_o this_o day_n be_v account_v those_o that_o be_v elect_v esquire_n for_o the_o prince_n body_n the_o next_o unto_o they_o be_v knight_n elder_a son_n successive_o in_o a_o three_o place_n be_v repute_v young_a son_n of_o the_o elder_a son_n of_o baron_n and_o of_o other_o noble_n of_o high_a estate_n and_o when_o such_o heir_n males_n fail_v together_o with_o they_o also_o the_o title_n fail_v in_o a_o four_o rank_n be_v reckon_v those_o unto_o who_o the_o king_n himself_o together_o with_o the_o title_n give_v arm_n or_o creat_v esquire_n by_o put_v about_o their_o neck_n a_o silver_n collar_n of_o s._n s._n and_o in_o former_a time_n upon_o their_o heel_n a_o pair_n of_o white_a spur_n silver_v whereupon_o at_o this_o day_n in_o the_o west_n part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n they_o be_v call_v white_a spur_n and_o to_o the_o first_o beget_v son_n only_o of_o these_o do_v this_o title_n belong_v in_o a_o five_o and_o last_o place_n be_v those_o rank_v and_o take_v for_o esquire_n who_o have_v any_o superior_a public_a office_n in_o the_o commonwealth_n or_o serve_v the_o prince_n in_o any_o worshipful_a call_n at_o the_o coronation_n of_o king_n and_o queen_n knight_n of_o the_o bath_n be_v make_v man_n of_o worth_n and_o honourable_a blood_n to_o the_o end_n that_o their_o majesty_n may_v be_v accompany_v in_o their_o own_o honour_n every_o of_o which_o knight_n have_v two_o gentleman_n to_o attend_v he_o in_o that_o ceremony_n who_o be_v ever_o after_o enable_v by_o that_o service_n to_o be_v esquire_n during_o their_o life_n but_o this_o name_n of_o esquire_n which_o in_o ancient_a time_n be_v a_o name_n of_o charge_n and_o office_n only_o first_o creep_v in_o among_o other_o title_n of_o dignity_n and_o worship_n so_o far_o as_o ever_o i_o can_v observe_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o r._n 2._o camden_n fol._n 176._o vide_fw-la sir_n thomas_n smith_n de_fw-fr republica_fw-la anglorum_fw-la fol._n 26._o where_o say_v he_o that_o the_o esquire_n be_v no_o distinct_a order_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o hereof_o see_v the_o statute_n of_o an._n 16._o r._n 2._o cap_n 4._o and_o a_o ejusdem_fw-la regis_fw-la cap._n 2._o a_o sergeant_n of_o the_o kitchen_n in_o the_o king_n house_n may_v bear_v the_o name_n and_o addition_n of_o cook_n or_o of_o esquire_n by_o the_o opinion_n of_o newton_n but_o jenny_n say_v that_o such_o officer_n of_o the_o king_n household_n will_v be_v much_o agreve_v if_o they_o shall_v be_v name_v by_o their_o trade_n or_o occupation_n paston_n peradventure_o say_v in_o that_o case_n the_o writ_n may_v be_v good_a because_o of_o the_o statute_n anno_fw-la 1._o h._n 5._o cap_n 5._o for_o the_o statute_n be_v that_o he_o shall_v be_v name_v