they_o be_v call_v cumero_fw-la by_o themselves_o and_o by_o the_o example_n he_o bring_v if_o they_o be_v proper_a he_o ought_v to_o have_v infer_v they_o receive_v their_o name_n of_o britain_n from_o other_o which_o indeed_o they_o do_v as_o i_o have_v partly_o show_v and_o shall_v show_v more_o at_o large_a hereafter_o grant_v we_o then_o that_o brit_n or_o birth_n etc._n etc._n be_v the_o name_n of_o these_o islander_n and_o that_o the_o name_n signify_v in_o their_o tongue_n paint_a depaint_v die_v or_o colour_v yet_o it_o be_v not_o reasonable_a to_o believe_v that_o brit_n signify_v a_o britain_n come_v from_o birth_n signify_v a_o colour_v but_o rather_o that_o birth_n colour_v come_v from_o britha_n a_o britain_n my_o reason_n be_v this_o because_o that_o custom_n in_o nation_n arise_v from_o some_o general_a like_n and_o insensible_a crep_n upon_o the_o people_n be_v not_o so_o much_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o themselves_o as_o by_o neighbour_n and_o looker_n on_o so_o that_o although_o they_o may_v be_v remarkable_a in_o themselves_o yet_o be_v they_o not_o so_o to_o those_o who_o by_o several_a gradation_n and_o step_n have_v receive_v they_o for_o which_o cause_n i_o be_o not_o deceive_v if_o i_o think_v that_o name_n of_o country_n arise_v from_o some_o strange_a and_o unaccountable_a custom_n have_v be_v give_v they_o by_o their_o neighbour_n who_o have_v be_v absolute_o surprise_v by_o they_o for_o the_o novelty_n of_o they_o for_o instance_n of_o which_o shall_v be_v gallia_n comata_fw-la not_o call_v so_o by_o themselves_o but_o their_o neighbour_n by_o reason_n of_o their_o immoderate_a nourish_v their_o long_a hair_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v concern_v the_o aspect_n greatness_n situation_n nature_n and_o other_o circumstance_n of_o people_n and_o here_o be_v to_o be_v observe_v that_o the_o ethiopian_n have_v nothing_o in_o their_o own_o denomination_n of_o themselves_o that_o signify_v black_a because_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n in_o their_o own_o country_n to_o be_v so_o aethiopem_fw-la albus_n derideat_fw-la neither_o ought_v we_o to_o think_v that_o the_o island_n of_o the_o cannibal_n now_o call_v the_o caribee_n have_v any_o thing_n in_o their_o own_o appellation_n give_v to_o themselves_o that_o denote_v any_o such_o barbarous_a action_n but_o it_o be_v the_o complexion_n of_o the_o one_o and_o custom_n of_o the_o other_o that_o give_v occasion_n to_o stranger_n to_o call_v they_o so_o this_o be_v a_o good_a argument_n to_o induce_v i_o to_o believe_v that_o the_o britain_n be_v not_o call_v birth_n by_o themselves_o from_o their_o be_v paint_v that_o which_o confirm_v most_o in_o this_o opinion_n be_v the_o connexion_n of_o reason_n but_o rather_o the_o coincidence_n of_o word_n it_o be_v certain_a say_v they_o that_o these_o islander_n be_v a_o painted-people_n brit_n signify_v paint_n and_o these_o painted-people_n be_v call_v brits_n therefore_o bryth_v must_v needs_o give_v they_o their_o name_n to_o this_o i_o answer_v let_v we_o consider_v how_o many_o name_n of_o nation_n have_v become_v common_a appellative_n of_o some_o custom_n peculiar_o belong_v to_o such_o nation_n to_o instance_n in_o a_o few_o a_o sybarite_n signify_v a_o debauch_a person_n from_o sybaris_n the_o most_o exquisite_a of_o luxurious_a commonwealth_n a_o ghaldean_a be_v a_o common_a name_n among_o the_o jew_n for_o any_o soothsayer_n a_o egyptian_a be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v a_o magician_n or_o sorcerer_n so_o it_o be_v suppose_v it_o happen_v with_o the_o britain_n when_o they_o be_v immoderate_o give_v to_o paint_v themselves_o that_o their_o neighbour_n the_o gaul_n or_o some_o other_o by_o long_a use_n may_v call_v whatever_o be_v paint_v by_o the_o name_n of_o brit_n or_o birth_n as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v like_o a_o britain_n so_o that_o in_o time_n a_o painted-man_n and_o a_o britain_n may_v be_v all_o one_o the_o proper_a name_n britain_n be_v become_v a_o common_a appellative_a to_o evidence_n this_o plain_a let_v we_o look_v far_o into_o the_o word_n egyptian_a and_o we_o shall_v see_v something_o more_o in_o its_o derivative_n that_o make_v to_o this_o case_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o saracen_n possession_n of_o spain_n there_o enter_v a_o sort_n of_o people_n into_o christendom_n call_v themselves_o aegyptians_n as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v subtle_a or_o cunning_a people_n and_o so_o take_v up_o the_o trade_n of_o fortune-teller_n egypt_n have_v in_o those_o day_n keep_v up_o the_o repute_n of_o such_o science_n these_o sort_n of_o people_n use_v to_o paint_v their_o hand_n face_n and_o neck_n as_o they_o do_v to_o this_o day_n to_o make_v themselves_o appear_v more_o horrid_a and_o strange_a and_o be_v now_o at_o this_o day_n among_o we_o call_v gypsy_n not_o that_o all_o come_v out_o of_o egypt_n or_o pretend_v so_o but_o because_o they_o use_v the_o same_o art_n in_o paint_v and_o fortune-telling_n and_o in_o our_o law_n provide_v against_o they_o be_v call_v gypsy_n or_o people_n colour_v their_o hand_n and_o face_n now_o some_o have_v derive_v though_o false_o these_o gypsy_n from_o the_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o signify_v paint_n because_o a_o paint_a person_n in_o that_o manner_n and_o a_o gipsy_n be_v all_o one_o now_o as_o gipsy_n have_v no_o relation_n to_o paint_v itself_o but_o by_o accident_n and_o the_o syllable_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ought_v not_o to_o be_v the_o root_n alone_o of_o its_o derivation_n see_v it_o be_v derive_v from_o aegypti_n primitive_o and_o immediate_o from_o the_o egyptian_n so_o i_o think_v it_o be_v with_o the_o word_n brit_n signify_v paint_v that_o it_o come_v from_o the_o people_n call_v britain_n and_o not_o that_o the_o britain_n come_v from_o it_o so_o from_o egypt_n come_v a_o egyptian_a from_o thence_o a_o gipsy_n and_o from_o whence_o if_o i_o be_o not_o mistake_v a_o gyp_n the_o mean_a of_o servant_n a_o swart_a turnspit_a etc._n etc._n in_o like_a manner_n i_o think_v that_o brit_n come_v from_o britanni_n and_o they_o from_o britannia_n britania_n from_o strabo_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v the_o bratanac_n of_o the_o phoenician_n so_o strabo_n that_o their_o paint_n come_v in_o only_a by_o accident_n in_o the_o diminutive_a birth_n and_o have_v nothing_o to_o do_v in_o the_o original_a primitive_a of_o britannia_n the_o root_n of_o which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v brit_n alone_o and_o although_o it_o be_v to_o be_v suppose_v that_o none_o can_v be_v so_o mad_a as_o to_o derive_v egypt_n from_o gyp_n the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o name_n egypt_n be_v sufficient_o know_v yet_o it_o have_v happen_v that_o the_o not_o consider_v of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o britannia_n which_o real_o be_v the_o bratanac_n of_o the_o phoenician_n have_v cause_v that_o birth_n and_o brits_n whence_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o saxon_n many_o hundred_o year_n after_o the_o first_o olympiad_n when_o this_o island_n receive_v the_o name_n which_o be_v diminution_n and_o corruption_n of_o the_o primitive_a word_n have_v be_v account_v the_o original_a to_o manifest_v this_o let_v we_o hear_v what_o humphrey_n lloyd_n a_o gambro-britain_n and_o a_o lloyd_n learned_a and_o diligent_a searcher_n after_o antiquity_n say_v concern_v britain_n namely_o he_o confident_o and_o bold_o affirm_v that_o there_o be_v not_o any_o british_a word_n who_o first_o radical_a letter_n be_v b_o if_o this_o be_v true_a than_o it_o plain_o appear_v that_o the_o word_n birth_n and_o brit_n if_o not_o the_o same_o with_o pride_n be_v not_o genuine_a british_a word_n but_o be_v derive_v from_o some_o foreign_a name_n which_o creep_v by_o degree_n into_o their_o language_n which_o exact_o agree_v with_o the_o bratanac_n of_o the_o phoenician_n or_o the_o greek_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d word_n by_o trading_n and_o custom_n introduce_v into_o their_o language_n who_o idiom_n in_o their_o own_o genuine_a production_n admit_v not_o of_o a_o b_o in_o the_o first_o radical_a hence_o i_o believe_v it_o may_v proceed_v that_o when_o the_o greek_n have_v name_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o their_o country_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o islander_n after_o their_o own_o manner_n turn_v the_o b_o into_o a_o p_o and_o call_v themselves_o prydayn_n as_o humphrey_n lloyd_n prove_v out_o of_o ancient_a copy_n and_o tradition_n of_o their_o old_a poet_n and_o bardi_n for_o it_o be_v record_v by_o bishop_n cooper_n something_a to_o this_o purpose_n at_o evy_v church_n say_v he_o two_o mile_n from_o salisbury_n in_o the_o dig_v down_o of_o a_o cooper_n wall_n a_o book_n contain_v twenty_o leave_n of_o very_o thick_a velom_n be_v find_v which_o from_o the_o hand_n of_o mr._n richard_n pace_n chief_a secretary_n to_o the_o king_n i_o read_v but_o be_v sore_o
the_o greek_n call_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o this_o people_n it_o be_v they_o imagine_v to_o be_v of_o greek_a stock_n and_o to_o be_v the_o primitive_a planter_n of_o this_o island_n be_v as_o caesar_z and_o tacitus_n write_v they_o be_v of_o a_o different_a stature_n and_o complexion_n from_o tacitus_n those_o who_o they_o gather_v to_o have_v come_v out_o of_o gaul_n beside_o their_o similitude_n of_o language_n and_o manner_n 7._o another_o reason_n they_o give_v for_o their_o opinion_n be_v that_o although_o they_o do_v not_o believe_v all_o the_o history_n of_o brute_n to_o be_v true_a in_o every_o point_n concern_v the_o trojan_n who_o on_o the_o matter_n may_v be_v account_v grecian_n if_o we_o consider_v dardanus_n their_o founder_n and_o the_o vicinity_n of_o the_o two_o nation_n so_o they_o can_v imagine_v but_o there_o be_v some_o truth_n in_o the_o ground_n of_o that_o history_n although_o so_o obscure_v with_o the_o fabulous_a superstructure_n of_o some_o writer_n that_o not_o be_v able_a to_o undergo_v the_o test_n of_o wise_a man_n the_o whole_a story_n have_v have_v the_o fate_n to_o be_v account_v idle_a and_o ridiculous_a for_o say_v they_o if_o one_o consider_v the_o consonancy_n of_o the_o greek_a language_n with_o the_o british_a likewise_o several_a manner_n and_o custom_n the_o british_a have_v which_o be_v peculiar_a to_o they_o only_o and_o the_o greek_n and_o to_o no_o other_o of_o these_o western_a nation_n certain_o we_o may_v reckon_v they_o to_o be_v of_o one_o stock_n or_o language_n yet_o the_o first_o historian_n find_v this_o great_a probability_n may_v be_v ambitious_a according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o those_o time_n to_o derive_v his_o countryman_n from_o a_o trojan_a race_n and_o so_o put_v this_o general_a truth_n into_o a_o particular_a dress_n of_o his_o own_o these_o be_v the_o reason_n give_v by_o wise_a man_n by_o which_o they_o very_o think_v the_o britain_n to_o be_v primitive_o of_o a_o greek_a original_a which_o though_o it_o can_v be_v true_a consider_v how_o i_o have_v show_v before_o that_o the_o phoenician_n trade_v into_o these_o island_n some_o hundred_o of_o year_n before_o ever_o any_o greek_a enter_v these_o sea_n yet_o do_v it_o plain_o show_v that_o they_o be_v of_o long_o stand_v in_o these_o island_n than_o be_v common_o suppose_v 1._o now_o as_o for_o the_o first_o reason_n give_v that_o these_o island_n must_v be_v plant_v by_o navigator_n tacitus_n i_o think_v will_v not_o hold_v good_a unless_o we_o call_v there_o navigator_n who_o in_o small_a wicker_n boat_n use_v to_o row_v between_o britain_n gaul_n and_o belgium_n for_o from_o that_o continent_n do_v i_o rather_o believe_v the_o first_o planter_n to_o come_v than_o from_o the_o mediterranean_a through_o the_o straits_n 2._o to_o the_o second_o reason_n i_o answer_v that_o the_o greek_n be_v not_o in_o the_o first_o age_n of_o the_o world_n esteem_v the_o best_a navigator_n but_o that_o the_o phoenician_n precede_v they_o both_o in_o time_n and_o experience_n in_o those_o art_n have_v be_v show_v already_o 3._o to_o the_o three_o that_o although_o their_o colony_n be_v numerous_a yet_o be_v they_o not_o so_o early_o as_o those_o of_o the_o phoenician_n 4._o to_o the_o four_o that_o although_o their_o language_n be_v very_o frequent_a in_o britain_n and_o the_o welsh_a to_o this_o day_n have_v very_o much_o in_o it_o yet_o can_v we_o reasonable_o suppose_v that_o it_o be_v the_o only_a language_n of_o the_o country_n because_o we_o find_v not_o their_o tongue_n in_o any_o country_n so_o soon_o and_o so_o much_o corrupt_v so_o as_o in_o caesar_n there_o be_v no_o notice_n take_v of_o it_o at_o all_o which_o he_o certain_o will_v have_v do_v if_o he_o have_v find_v the_o british_a tongue_n only_o a_o derivation_n from_o the_o greek_a or_o corruption_n in_o dialect_n and_o not_o a_o quite_o different_a language_n as_o for_o the_o similitude_n that_o be_v make_v between_o druid_n and_o roman_a clergy_n at_o this_o day_n i_o think_v it_o hold_v better_a if_o we_o suppose_v the_o religion_n and_o worship_n of_o the_o greek_n bring_v hither_o and_o preserve_v in_o its_o native_a language_n than_o to_o conjecture_v that_o the_o people_n understand_v it_o at_o first_o but_o by_o time_n and_o ill_a manner_n lose_v the_o knowledge_n of_o it_o 5._o to_o the_o five_o that_o the_o chariot_n of_o greece_n as_o well_o as_o other_o custom_n of_o they_o use_v by_o the_o britain_n argue_v the_o greek_n to_o have_v be_v here_o indeed_o but_o prove_v not_o they_o be_v the_o only_a planter_n or_o bring_v those_o chariot_n to_o take_v possession_n of_o a_o empty_a country_n 6._o to_o the_o six_o although_o there_o be_v two_o different_a nation_n in_o this_o island_n yet_o caesar_n and_o tacitus_n take_v no_o notice_n of_o the_o inland_a people_n more_o than_o the_o gaulish_a britain_n tacitus_n as_o i_o may_v call_v they_o as_o be_v of_o a_o more_o greekish_a extraction_n 7._o to_o the_o seven_o that_o although_o there_o may_v be_v some_o truth_n couch_v in_o the_o history_n of_o brute_n yet_o do_v not_o the_o history_n of_o brute_n prove_v but_o that_o there_o be_v other_o before_o he_o in_o this_o island_n which_o make_v i_o wonder_v at_o mr._n cambden_n and_o other_o that_o think_v that_o in_o adhere_v to_o the_o history_n of_o brute_n we_o must_v cast_v off_o the_o search_n and_o enquiry_n into_o the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o this_o island_n mr._n sheringham_n to_o prove_v that_o the_o greek_n and_o britain_n have_v no_o commerce_n together_o angl._n bring_v in_o a_o ancient_a poet_n in_o eustathius_n who_o reckon_v up_o all_o the_o great_a island_n know_v to_o the_o grecian_n never_o make_v mention_n of_o britain_n which_o he_o will_v have_v do_v in_o the_o first_o place_n have_v he_o ever_o hear_v of_o it_o the_o verse_n be_v these_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o seven_o island_n nature_n make_v sicily_n the_o first_o place_n have_v for_o greatness_n next_o be_v sardo_n height_n then_o cyrnus_n next_o jove_n country_n crete_n narrow_a eubea_n then_o and_o cyprus_n last_o of_o all_o be_v little_a lesbos_n place_v but_o to_o this_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o this_o poet_n as_o usual_o all_o poet_n do_v reckon_v only_o the_o island_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a which_o be_v most_o obvious_a to_o the_o greek_n and_o trouble_v not_o himself_o with_o the_o exactness_n of_o thing_n as_o we_o see_v by_o his_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d beside_o it_o may_v be_v answer_v that_o although_o the_o island_n about_o britain_n and_o britain_n itself_o be_v know_v to_o the_o greek_n yet_o at_o first_o they_o do_v not_o know_v this_o to_o be_v a_o island_n have_v nothing_o to_o do_v in_o the_o more_o northern_a part_n it_o be_v not_o long_o before_o the_o roman_n time_n when_o thule_n and_o six_o day_n say_v i_o beyond_o britain_n be_v discover_v of_o which_o pythias_n make_v mention_v the_o grecian_n as_o well_o as_o the_o phoenician_n at_o first_o content_v pythias_n themselves_o with_o the_o commodity_n of_o the_o southern_a and_o western_a part_n of_o these_o island_n and_o no_o doubt_n but_o they_o secure_v themselves_o by_o little_a and_o little_a of_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o people_n and_o conveniency_n of_o port_n and_o all_o other_o provision_n before_o they_o venture_v too_o far_o northward_o now_o in_o my_o opinion_n this_o make_v nothing_o against_o the_o greek_a voyage_n into_o these_o part_n to_o who_o the_o cassiterides_n or_o the_o scilly_n island_n and_o cornwall_n and_o devonshire_n may_v be_v know_v yet_o they_o have_v not_o discover_v catness_n or_o the_o extreme_a point_n of_o scotland_n what_o he_o say_v afterward_o that_o before_o the_o arrival_n of_o caesar_n into_o this_o island_n the_o name_n of_o britain_n can_v be_v find_v be_v a_o great_a mistake_n and_o madvertency_n for_o polybius_n 3._o in_o his_o three_o book_n make_v mention_n of_o it_o particular_o and_o by_o name_n where_o he_o promise_v to_o give_v a_o account_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d of_o the_o british_a island_n and_o the_o make_n and_o order_v of_o their_o tynn_n which_o he_o perform_v if_o we_o may_v believe_v strabo_n who_o bring_v he_o in_o confer_v and_o confute_v the_o opinion_n of_o pytheas_n dicaearcbus_fw-la and_o eratosthenes_n concern_v the_o magnitude_n of_o britain_n thus_o mr._n sherringham_n run_v himself_o into_o the_o same_o error_n of_o mr._n cambden_n i_o suppose_v by_o mistake_v of_o polybius_n but_o grant_v that_o we_o do_v not_o find_v the_o name_n of_o britain_n or_o very_o rare_o before_o caesar_n time_n among_o the_o greek_n yet_o the_o name_n of_o cassiterides_n
settle_v the_o empire_n on_o his_o son_n he_o die_v to_o the_o grief_n of_o all_o man_n the_o union_n of_o the_o whole_a empire_n in_o the_o person_n of_o so_o worthy_a a_o prince_n raise_v no_o small_a expectation_n of_o a_o great_a and_o glorious_a reign_n in_o his_o day_n chrysan_n be_v vicar_n of_o britain_n of_o who_o more_o in_o the_o follow_a emperor_n chrysan_fw-fr honorius_n honorius_n by_o the_o will_n of_o his_o father_n theodosius_n succeed_v in_o the_o western_a empire_n during_o his_o minority_n stilico_n be_v appoint_v 395._o his_o governor_n a_o man_n for_o a_o long_a time_n famous_a have_v be_v a_o inward_a companion_n of_o theodosius_n and_o emp'oy_v in_o the_o british_a war_n against_o the_o in_o road_n of_o the_o scot_n vandal_n pict_n and_o saxon_n and_o therein_o he_o behave_v himself_o with_o great_a conduct_n and_o success_n which_o claudian_n imply_v where_o he_o introduce_v britain_n thus_o speak_v i_o quóque_fw-la vicinis_fw-la pereuntem_fw-la gentibus_fw-la 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wrong_n public_o revolt_a choose_v alaricus_n for_o their_o captain_n who_o not_o long_o after_o prove_v the_o scourge_n of_o rome_n in_o these_o day_n chrysanthus_n the_o son_n of_o marian_n a_o bishop_n who_o have_v be_v make_v vicar_n of_o britain_n by_o theodosius_n deserve_v so_o much_o honour_n for_o the_o prudent_a management_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n that_o consider_v his_o birth_n the_o son_n of_o a_o churchman_n and_o his_o great_a integrity_n he_o be_v think_v the_o fit_a man_n to_o oppose_v the_o schisine_n of_o the_o cathari_n who_o stiff_o maintain_v that_o man_n of_o baptism_n relapse_v into_o mortal_a sin_n can_v not_o renew_v their_o state_n of_o salvation_n to_o withstand_v these_o he_o be_v choose_v and_o install_v at_o constantinople_n much_o against_o his_o will_n bishop_n of_o the_o novatian_o and_o be_v the_o same_o person_n who_o we_o find_v in_o ecclesiastical_a history_n so_o much_o commend_v for_o his_o great_a temperance_n and_o mortification_n contemporary_a with_o he_o flourish_v fastidius_n a_o british_a bishop_n and_o write_v book_n of_o divinity_n yet_o not_o withstand_v that_o britain_n be_v so_o well_o furnish_v with_o eminent_a divine_n pelagius_n a_o native_a of_o this_o island_n bring_v up_o in_o the_o monastery_n of_o bangor_n in_o wales_n about_o this_o time_n find_v opportunity_n to_o introduce_v new_a heresy_n into_o the_o church_n he_o have_v travel_v italy_n and_o egypt_n and_o insinuate_v himself_o into_o the_o company_n first_o of_o paulinus_n bishop_n of_o nola_n and_o afterward_o of_o st._n augustine_n find_v that_o preferment_n come_v not_o so_o fast_o as_o he_o expect_v and_o think_v his_o great_a travel_n and_o study_v not_o sufficient_o or_o not_o time_n enough_o reward_v set_v up_o for_o new_a opinion_n and_o return_v into_o britain_n with_o his_o disciple_n coelestius_n a_o scot_n and_o agricola_n spread_v they_o wide_o poison_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o britain_n a_o nation_n say_v gildas_n greedy_a of_o any_o novelty_n by_o this_o time_n alaricus_n king_n of_o the_o goth_n lay_v siege_n unto_o rome_n itself_o and_o now_o that_o glorious_a empire_n like_o a_o body_n depart_v not_o able_a to_o defend_v its_o more_o noble_a part_n begin_v to_o contract_n and_o draw_v in_o its_o succour_n from_o all_o side_n and_o such_o force_n which_o lay_v scatter_v for_o the_o defence_n of_o the_o outward_a province_n be_v summon_v to_o relieve_v the_o very_a heart_n and_o seat_n of_o its_o empire_n among_o the_o rest_n the_o british_a legion_n which_o in_o the_o march_n keep_v station_n against_o the_o barbarian_n be_v call_v away_o which_o claudian_n witness_v in_o these_o word_n venit_fw-la &_o extremis_fw-la legio_n praetenta_fw-la britannis_fw-la claudian_n quae_fw-la scoto_n that_fw-mi fraena_fw-la truci_fw-la serróque_fw-la not_o at_o as_o perlegit_fw-la exanimes_fw-la picto_fw-la moriente_fw-la figuras_fw-la hither_o the_o legion_n too_o from_o britain_n come_v which_o curb_v the_o scot_n and_o do_v fierce_a nation_n tame_a who_o while_o the_o paint_a pict_n expire_a lie_n behold_v the_o breathless_a figure_n how_o they_o die_v and_o now_o the_o britain_n find_v themselves_o desert_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o barbarous_a nation_n continual_o assault_v they_o the_o scot_n from_o the_o irish_a sea_n the_o saxon_n from_o the_o german_a and_o the_o pict_n from_o the_o north_n behold_v withal_o the_o desolation_n of_o the_o continent_n through_o the_o weakness_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o the_o power_n of_o its_o enemy_n the_o vandal_n who_o have_v waste_v belgia_n even_o to_o those_o place_n whence_o be_v near_a passage_n into_o britain_n and_o lear_v lest_o the_o heating-flame_n of_o their_o neighbour_n fire_n may_v fly_v over_o to_o they_o also_o think_v it_o expedient_a to_o choose_v some_o general_n or_o sovereign_a commander_n to_o lead_v they_o first_o they_o elect_v marcus_n who_o it_o may_v seem_v then_o emperor_n be_v deputy_n of_o the_o island_n but_o his_o carriage_n not_o agree_v with_o their_o giddy_a course_n he_o they_o as_o sudden_o slay_v and_o in_o his_o stead_n set_v up_o gratian_n a_o countryman_n of_o their_o own_o who_o they_o crown_v and_o array_v in_o the_o purple_a robe_n and_o adore_v as_o their_o prince_n but_o the_o favour_n of_o a_o heady_a rout_n be_v as_o fatal_a as_o its_o fury_n for_o upon_o some_o slight_a mislike_n take_v to_o he_o after_o four_o month_n end_n they_o deprive_v he_o not_o only_o of_o life_n but_o empire_n also_o there_o be_v among_o they_o a_o common_a soldier_n who_o name_n be_v constantine_n with_o he_o on_o a_o sudden_a so_o take_v they_o be_v upon_o the_o conceit_n of_o a_o luckiness_n in_o his_o name_n as_o without_o any_o other_o visible_a merit_n to_o create_v he_o emperor_n constantine_n make_v use_n of_o the_o opportunity_n and_o gather_v his_o force_n emperor_n together_o while_o the_o heat_n last_v put_v to_o sea_n from_o britain_n land_v at_o bullen_n in_o france_n and_o what_o with_o the_o terror_n of_o his_o name_n and_o the_o number_n of_o his_o follower_n he_o easy_o bring_v over_o to_o his_o party_n all_o the_o roman_a force_n on_o this_o side_n the_o alps_n valentia_n in_o france_n he_o manful_o defend_v against_o the_o puissance_n of_o honorius_n the_o rhine_n which_o long_o time_n before_o have_v be_v neglect_v he_o fortify_v with_o garrison_n upon_o the_o alps_n as_o well_o cottiae_n and_o penninae_n as_o those_o towards_o the_o maritime_a coast_n where_o ever_o the_o passage_n lay_v open_a he_o place_v garrison_n build_v fort_n and_o castle_n and_o in_o spain_n under_o the_o conduct_n of_o his_o constant._n son_n who_o of_o a_o monk_n he_o have_v make_v his_o caesar_n he_o war_v with_o the_o like_a fortune_n and_o success_n and_o now_o grow_v high_a and_o proud_a by_o the_o constant_a current_n of_o so_o many_o felicity_n not_o content_a that_o honorius_n have_v free_o yield_v to_o he_o a_o share_n in_o the_o empire_n and_o kind_o accept_v his_o excuse_n wherein_o he_o allege_v the_o
trade_n but_o in_o caesar_n day_n we_o find_v the_o greek_n in_o the_o very_a heart_n of_o gaul_n settle_v both_o in_o their_o custom_n language_n and_o religion_n which_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v a_o perfect_a demonstration_n that_o they_o have_v long_o before_o be_v in_o those_o western_a sea_n for_o can_v it_o be_v possible_a that_o a_o nation_n come_v so_o far_o as_o they_o and_o arrive_v at_o britain_n and_o the_o sea_n coast_n of_o gaul_n can_v without_o conquest_n fix_v themselves_o their_o custom_n and_o religion_n and_o not_o some_o hundred_o of_o year_n past_a beside_o it_o be_v to_o be_v suppose_v the_o greek_n be_v much_o soon_o in_o britain_n than_o gaul_n and_o much_o more_o conversant_a if_o we_o consider_v how_o the_o gaul_n use_v to_o send_v their_o child_n to_o be_v instruct_v of_o the_o druid_n of_o britain_n and_o how_o in_o this_o island_n and_o in_o man_n and_o anglesey_n be_v public_a assembly_n and_o general_a rendezvouz_n hold_v by_o all_o the_o learned_a to_o which_o people_n from_o neighbour_a nation_n and_o all_o part_n do_v repair_v in_o caesar_n day_n we_o find_v the_o greek_a language_n not_o only_o in_o britain_n but_o even_o in_o those_o barren_a and_o mountainous_a part_n of_o gaul_n which_o the_o helvetii_n inhabit_v learn_v by_o this_o time_n have_v find_v its_o way_n even_o unto_o those_o part_n out_o of_o which_o the_o inhabitant_n themselves_o weary_a of_o their_o country_n scarce_o can_v find_v a_o passage_n for_o the_o helvetii_n after_o they_o have_v burn_v their_o house_n and_o agree_v upon_o a_o general_a march_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n to_o seek_v out_o some_o new_a plantation_n the_o first_o difficulty_n we_o find_v they_o encounter_v with_o be_v how_o to_o get_v out_o of_o their_o country_n so_o secure_o bound_v as_o it_o be_v with_o hill_n and_o river_n that_o it_o seem_v to_o they_o rather_o a_o prison_n than_o a_o defence_n and_o yet_o upon_o their_o return_n be_v beat_v by_o caesar_n there_o be_v find_v as_o 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navigator_n because_o they_o be_v island_n 2._o the_o grecian_n in_o the_o first_o age_n of_o the_o world_n be_v esteem_v among_o the_o best_a navigator_n take_v in_o the_o jonians_n and_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o mediterranean_a island_n all_o of_o greek_a extraction_n and_o differ_v only_o in_o dialect_n 3._o it_o be_v certain_a that_o their_o colony_n be_v very_o numerous_a through_o all_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o that_o they_o pass_v the_o streights_n be_v undoubted_o true_a after_o colaeus_n the_o greek_a have_v first_o of_o all_o that_o nation_n discover_v the_o west_n sea_n so_o that_o it_o be_v probable_a they_o wan'_v not_o people_n to_o plant_v even_o in_o these_o island_n also_o as_o well_o as_o in_o several_a place_n in_o lybia_n and_o spain_n that_o lie_v to_o the_o sea_n coast._n 4._o they_o suppose_v the_o greek_a language_n or_o a_o dialect_n thereof_o altogether_o use_v in_o these_o island_n till_o corrupt_v and_o grow_v out_o of_o use_n among_o the_o people_n it_o be_v preserve_v only_o entire_a among_o the_o druid_n who_o they_o can_v otherwise_o imagine_v can_v have_v that_o language_n unless_o there_o have_v be_v some_o plantation_n of_o the_o people_n former_o in_o these_o part_n what_o make_v they_o the_o more_o confident_a in_o this_o judgement_n be_v that_o the_o druid_n have_v the_o very_a same_o interest_n and_o use_v the_o very_a same_o practice_n as_o the_o roman_a clergy_n do_v in_o stick_v fast_o to_o the_o ancient_a latin_a tongue_n and_o they_o take_v notice_n of_o a_o great_a jealousy_n in_o the_o druid_n lest_o their_o learning_n and_o religion_n shall_v be_v too_o much_o understand_v and_o divulge_v so_o that_o it_o be_v grow_v to_o that_o height_n that_o it_o be_v account_v almost_o unlawful_a to_o reveal_v any_o of_o their_o mystery_n or_o to_o set_v down_o in_o writing_n what_o they_o think_v most_o safe_a and_o honourable_a for_o themselves_o to_o deliver_v by_o tradition_n 5._o their_o manner_n and_o expert_a way_n of_o fight_v in_o chariot_n after_o the_o ancient_a manner_n of_o greece_n and_o the_o country_n adjoin_v when_o it_o be_v unknown_a to_o the_o roman_a territory_n now_o this_o be_v a_o great_a argument_n of_o the_o grecian_a antiquity_n in_o these_o part_n and_o caesar_n in_o his_o commentary_n take_v notice_n of_o it_o as_o a_o wonderful_a thing_n and_o a_o great_a novelty_n where_o he_o describe_v their_o way_n of_o fight_v and_o much_o admire_v their_o dexterity_n and_o agility_n of_o body_n their_o nimble_a and_o sudden_a turn_n and_o here_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o put_v down_o his_o very_a word_n in_o fight_v for_o the_o most_o part_n the_o britain_n employ_v their_o charioteer_n first_o these_o drive_v about_o through_o all_o part_n of_o the_o battle_n and_o fling_v dart_n and_o with_o the_o terrible_a sight_n comment_n of_o horse_n and_o rattle_a noise_n of_o the_o wheel_n they_o do_v most_o common_o break_v their_o rank_n and_o put_v they_o in_o disorder_n and_o after_o they_o have_v once_o force_v themselves_o within_o the_o troop_n of_o horseman_n they_o descend_v from_o their_o chariot_n and_o fight_v on_o foot_n the_o chariot_n guider_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n withdraw_v a_o little_a from_o the_o hurry_n and_o place_n themselves_o in_o such_o posture_n that_o if_o the_o other_o be_v overpowr_v by_o the_o number_n of_o enemy_n they_o may_v ready_o and_o without_o hindrance_n retreat_n in_o safety_n thus_o in_o their_o fights_z they_o perform_v the_o quick_a motion_n of_o horseman_n and_o have_v the_o steadiness_n of_o footman_n by_o daily_a practice_n and_o experience_n so_o ready_a in_o their_o service_n that_o on_o the_o descent_n of_o steep_a hill_n they_o can_v stop_v their_o horse_n although_o in_o full_a career_n quick_o turn_v short_a and_o yet_o moderate_v their_o course_n run_v along_o the_o spire-pole_n and_o beam_n of_o their_o chariot_n rest_n upon_o the_o yoke_n and_o harness_n of_o their_o horse_n and_o from_o thence_o jump_v again_o with_o ease_n into_o their_o chariot_n where_o by_o the_o by_o we_o may_v take_v notice_n that_o the_o expertness_n they_o have_v in_o their_o chariot_n argue_v that_o they_o long_o have_v know_v the_o use_n of_o they_o and_o consequent_o that_o the_o greek_n have_v be_v long_o in_o these_o island_n than_o be_v for_o the_o most_o part_n conceive_v and_o yet_o not_o so_o long_o as_o to_o be_v the_o first_o planter_n and_o that_o the_o nakedness_n and_o paint_n of_o some_o of_o they_o be_v rather_o a_o corruption_n and_o degenerate_v from_o the_o greek_n civility_n in_o those_o point_n than_o the_o reason_n of_o their_o name_n for_o the_o greek_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v here_o long_o before_o any_o such_o custom_n and_o if_o at_o first_o the_o greek_n do_v find_v they_o naked_a yet_o be_v it_o long_o before_o any_o such_o word_n as_o birth_n be_v use_v among_o they_o which_o be_v not_o conjecture_v by_o mr._n cambden_n to_o be_v long_o before_o caesar_n time_n 6._o there_o be_v two_o different_a nation_n in_o britain_n take_v notice_n of_o by_o caesar_n one_o of_o which_o proceed_v out_o of_o gaul_n to_o which_o people_n i_o think_v mr._n cambdens_n antiquity_n only_o refer_v who_o come_v out_o of_o a_o desire_n of_o conquest_n and_o so_o plant_v themselves_o on_o the_o sea_n coast_n the_o other_o sort_n be_v they_o within_o the_o land_n of_o ancient_a date_n and_o settlement_n who_o acknowledge_v themselves_o to_o be_v derive_v from_o none_o of_o their_o neighbour_n either_o because_o they_o be_v ignorant_a of_o their_o original_a or_o perhaps_o think_v according_a as_o the_o greek_n do_v that_o there_o be_v no_o great_a honour_n than_o to_o be_v spring_v from_o that_o earth_n they_o possess_v and_o so_o give_v out_o according_a to_o the_o usual_a custom_n of_o those_o time_n that_o they_o be_v aborigines_n so_o that_o
there_o be_v but_o three_o only_a that_o of_o jupiter_n flamen_n dialis_n of_o mars_n flamen_n martialis_n of_o romulus_n flamen_n quirinalis_n but_o afterward_o every_o god_n have_v his_o flamen_n neither_o have_v any_o of_o these_o ever_o any_o sacerdotal_a power_n and_o jurisdiction_n over_o any_o particular_a province_n or_o that_o officiate_v alone_o in_o one_o parish_n only_o for_o there_o be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o numa_n thirty_o parish_n in_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n and_o afterward_o thirty_o six_o over_o every_o parish_n or_o such_o division_n be_v set_v two_o flamen_n neither_o be_v they_o subject_a to_o any_o superior_a flamen_n who_o be_v dignify_v and_o distinguish_v by_o the_o title_n of_o archflamen_n i_o acknowledge_v that_o some_o be_v call_v the_o great_a flamen_n other_o the_o lesser_a but_o this_o be_v not_o from_o their_o power_n but_o the_o antiquity_n of_o their_o order_n for_o the_o first_o three_o be_v institute_v by_o numa_n and_o the_o nobility_n the_o rest_n by_o the_o commonalty_n concern_v the_o flamen_n and_o arch-flaman_n of_o the_o gentile_n and_o the_o limit_n of_o their_o jurisdiction_n after_o they_o be_v change_v into_o bishop_n and_o archbishop_n galfridus_n arturius_n say_v that_o the_o bless_a teacher_n after_o they_o have_v almost_o root_v gal-arturius_a out_o paganism_n from_o the_o british_a nation_n purge_v the_o temple_n which_o be_v found_v in_o honour_n of_o many_o of_o their_o god_n consecrate_v they_o to_o one_o god_n and_o deliver_v they_o to_o religious_a man_n to_o be_v look_v after_o there_o be_v then_o constitute_v twenty_o eight_o flamen_n and_o three_o arch_a flamen_n as_o we_o have_v say_v before_o who_o according_a to_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o gentile_n burn_a incense_n to_o their_o god_n and_o offer_v up_o sacrifice_n unto_o they_o deliver_v therefore_o these_o by_o virtue_n of_o the_o apostolic_a doctrine_n from_o their_o idolatry_n they_o consecrate_a bishop_n in_o the_o place_n of_o flamen_n and_o archbishop_n instead_o of_o arch-flaman_n the_o principal_a seat_n of_o the_o arch-flaman_n be_v in_o our_o most_o eminent_a city_n viz._n london_n york_n and_o caer-leon_n upon_o the_o river_n uske_n in_o glamorganshire_n superstition_n therefore_o be_v drive_v out_o of_o the_o aforesaid_a place_n three_o archbishop_n be_v forthwith_o make_v in_o other_o place_n they_o ordain_v bishop_n and_o over_o several_a parish_n assign_v to_o every_o one_o his_o power_n and_o office_n to_o the_o province_n of_o the_o metropolitan_a of_o york_n fall_v deira_n and_o albania_n which_o be_v divide_v from_o leogria_n by_o the_o river_n humber_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o london_n submit_v loegria_n and_o cornubia_n which_o province_n severn_n separate_v from_o wales_n which_o be_v subject_a to_o the_o archbishop_n see_v at_o caerleon_n affair_n be_v thus_o order_v the_o aforesaid_a holy_a teacher_n return_v to_o rome_n and_o desire_v that_o all_o thing_n they_o have_v do_v may_v be_v confirm_v by_o the_o pope_n they_o be_v therefore_o honour_v by_o the_o roman_a church_n with_o the_o pall_n and_o all_o other_o ceremony_n usual_a in_o their_o kind_n they_o return_v again_o into_o britain_n be_v accompany_v by_o divers_a religious_a person_n by_o who_o doctrine_n and_o preach_v the_o british_a nation_n be_v very_o much_o confirm_v establish_a and_o strengthen_v in_o the_o faith_n of_o christ._n their_o act_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o book_n of_o gildas_n the_o historiographer_n so_o that_o now_o we_o shall_v proceed_v to_o that_o of_o vodinus_n or_o theonus_n as_o mr._n cambden_n call_v he_o this_o vodinus_n or_o theonus_n for_o his_o constancy_n in_o the_o christian_a faith_n be_v martyr_a by_o the_o saxon_n at_o their_o first_o arrival_n in_o britain_n after_o fugacius_fw-la and_o damianus_n have_v mart._n settle_v every_o thing_n in_o order_n and_o establish_v the_o religion_n of_o christ_n the_o holy_a rite_n and_o ceremony_n thereof_o the_o government_n and_o discipline_n of_o the_o church_n they_o return_v to_o rome_n and_o have_v obtain_v their_o constitution_n to_o be_v confirm_v and_o ratify_v by_o eleutherius_fw-la still_o sit_v in_o that_o chair_n they_o come_v again_o into_o britain_n by_o who_o incessant_a preach_a and_o sanctity_n of_o life_n the_o britain_n suck_v in_o that_o religion_n the_o seed_n whereof_o remain_v even_o unto_o the_o day_n of_o dioclesian_n who_o after_o nero_n and_o trajan_n raise_v the_o great_a persecution_n the_o church_n ever_o undergo_v and_o this_o be_v the_o first_o establishment_n of_o christian_a religion_n by_o public_a authority_n which_o for_o the_o honour_n of_o our_o nation_n be_v very_o early_o a_o hundred_o eighty_o and_o one_o year_n after_o the_o death_n of_o christ_n and_o the_o reason_n why_o it_o get_v foot_v so_o soon_o in_o christ._n britain_n above_o other_o nation_n among_o many_o cause_n this_o especial_o be_v give_v by_o historian_n namely_o the_o learning_n piety_n and_o devotion_n of_o the_o druid_n who_o be_v so_o eminent_a in_o this_o island_n as_o that_o they_o decide_v and_o judge_v not_o only_o in_o spiritual_a but_o civil_a affair_n and_o be_v resort_v unto_o like_a oracle_n for_o their_o profound_a judgement_n and_o skill_n in_o question_n of_o the_o high_a concern_v and_o many_o of_o their_o tenant_n of_o which_o the_o immortality_n of_o the_o soul_n be_v chief_a be_v great_a inlet_n to_o that_o religion_n which_o beside_o the_o great_a virtue_n and_o holiness_n it_o carry_v with_o it_o it_o teach_v reward_n of_o virtue_n and_o punishment_n of_o vice_n upon_o sure_a ground_n than_o the_o heathen_n have_v ever_o build_v for_o their_o imaginary_a virtue_n namely_o evident_a miracle_n and_o certain_a demonstration_n that_o there_o be_v a_o almighty_a power_n that_o strict_o examine_v the_o action_n of_o every_o man._n i_o know_v that_o many_o objection_n be_v make_v to_o destroy_v the_o authority_n of_o this_o history_n which_o well_o examine_v will_v not_o prove_v to_o have_v so_o great_a force_n as_o at_o first_o sight_n they_o appear_v to_o carry_v first_o it_o be_v say_v that_o it_o be_v very_o improbable_a there_o shall_v at_o this_o time_n be_v any_o king_n of_o britain_n consider_v that_o this_o island_n for_o many_o year_n since_o remain_v a_o roman_a province_n to_o which_o be_v answer_v that_o it_o be_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o roman_n in_o their_o province_n to_o continue_v prince_n in_o their_o government_n and_o to_o make_v they_o instrument_n of_o their_o bondage_n give_v they_o the_o show_n of_o power_n though_o they_o be_v in_o effect_n but_o vassal_n and_o what_o hinder_v but_o lucius_n may_v hold_v his_o kingdom_n in_o fee_n of_o they_o beside_o in_o the_o day_n of_o this_o emperor_n as_o be_v gather_v from_o authentic_a history_n the_o britain_n refuse_v to_o obey_v commodus_n and_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o they_o hold_v and_o possess_v free_o all_o those_o part_n of_o the_o island_n that_o lie_v beyond_o the_o wall_n which_o be_v build_v between_o tinmouth_n and_o solway-frith_n and_o that_o those_o northern_a britain_n have_v prince_n of_o their_o own_o but_o especial_o let_v we_o consider_v how_o that_o antoninus_n pius_n not_o many_o year_n before_o have_v end_v war_n permit_v kingdom_n to_o be_v rule_v by_o their_o own_o king_n and_o province_n by_o their_o own_o comites_fw-la beda_n other_o there_o be_v who_o curious_o search_v into_o the_o time_n of_o this_o suppose_a lucius_n find_v great_a difference_n in_o author_n bede_n who_o be_v the_o ancient_a reporter_n of_o this_o history_n yet_o live_v five_o hundred_o year_n after_o place_v he_o under_o m._n aurelius_n antoninus_n and_o verus_n emperor_n but_o this_o since_o be_v not_o find_v to_o agree_v with_o truth_n for_o the_o date_n of_o the_o letter_n send_v back_o by_o pope_n eleutherius_fw-la through_o the_o hand_n of_o fugacius_fw-la and_o damianus_n which_o by_o many_o be_v not_o think_v to_o be_v forge_v but_o authentic_a be_v thus_o lucius_n aurelius_n commodus_n second_o time_n consul_n with_o vespronius_n which_o be_v the_o year_n that_o m._n aurelius_n die_v in_o and_o in_o this_o agree_v both_o foreign_a and_o domestic_a writer_n as_o for_o other_o who_o refer_v it_o to_o a_o hundred_o seventy_o nine_o year_n after_o christ_n passion_n it_o be_v manifest_a that_o it_o be_v the_o fault_n of_o transcriber_n who_o shall_v have_v write_v a_o hundred_o seventy_o nine_o year_n after_o his_o birth_n the_o british_a history_n make_v it_o five_o year_n after_o but_o in_o this_o it_o be_v not_o much_o to_o be_v regard_v this_o ninnius_n lucius_z surname_v by_o ninnius_n lever-maur_n by_o a_o table_n remain_v in_o the_o church_n of_o st._n peter_n in_o cornhill_n be_v suppose_v to_o be_v the_o founder_n of_o that_o church_n and_o the_o church_n itself_o think_v to_o have_v be_v the_o cathedral_n of_o the_o metropolitan_a see_v of_o london_n there_o be_v who_o ascribe_v the_o foundation_n of_o st._n peter_n at_o westminster_n to_o he_o but_o
to_o engrave_v they_o upon_o stone_n and_o rock_n from_o whence_o i_o have_v take_v much_o matter_n in_o compose_v my_o history_n the_o character_n wherewith_o they_o engrave_v be_v call_v runick_n the_o reason_n whereof_o shall_v afterward_o be_v show_v and_o be_v make_v use_n of_o by_o woden_n not_o only_o for_o inscription_n but_o magical_a charm_n and_o imprecation_n these_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d caldran_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d seid_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d liod_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d fiolkinga_n by_o which_o charm_n say_v sturlaeson_n the_o name_n of_o othin_n and_o his_o asian_o grow_v so_o famous_a that_o his_o enemy_n dread_v his_o power_n and_o his_o friend_n high_o esteem_v his_o alliance_n thus_o we_o see_v that_o those_o character_n which_o be_v before_o nothing_o but_o the_o usual_a letter_n of_o the_o getes_n in_o scandia_n after_o their_o removal_n into_o the_o northwest_n part_n of_o europe_n be_v make_v use_n of_o by_o woden_n their_o leader_n to_o wrap_v up_o his_o mysterious_a incantation_n in_o because_o he_o observe_v in_o their_o make_n something_o strange_a and_o fit_a for_o his_o purpose_n and_o for_o this_o reason_n after_o the_o faith_n of_o christ_n be_v receive_v the_o runick_a character_n because_o it_o be_v especial_o use_v in_o charm_n and_o enchantment_n by_o the_o saxon_n begin_v to_o grow_v so_o far_o out_o of_o credit_n that_o many_o spur_v on_o with_o too_o much_o zeal_n not_o only_o destroy_v such_o bewitch_a foolery_n where_o they_o find_v they_o but_o burn_v without_o distinction_n all_o sort_n of_o book_n write_v in_o that_o letter_n and_o deface_v monument_n and_o old_a inscription_n for_o no_o other_o reason_n but_o because_o they_o bear_v the_o character_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o gothick_n history_n have_v receive_v much_o injury_n say_v mr._n sheringham_n yet_o nevertheless_o the_o dotage_n of_o the_o vulgar_a on_o these_o uncouth_a letter_n and_o the_o opinion_n they_o contain_v in_o they_o a_o certain_a power_n and_o energy_n which_o apprehension_n yet_o remain_v among_o the_o simple_a in_o their_o charm_n at_o this_o day_n maintain_v its_o ground_n so_o long_o after_o christianity_n itself_o that_o as_o loccenius_n witness_v sigfrid_n a_o english_a bishop_n think_v it_o necessary_a to_o have_v they_o alter_v which_o he_o do_v by_o the_o assistance_n of_o the_o pope_n who_o utter_o banish_v they_o swedeland_n in_o the_o year_n ml_o and_o substitute_v the_o latin_a character_n in_o their_o room_n the_o same_o usage_n they_o find_v in_o spain_n under_o alphonsus_n king_n of_o castille_n and_o navarre_n in_o the_o year_n mlxxxvi_o and_o be_v at_o last_o final_o condemn_v in_o the_o council_n of_o tholoun_n in_o the_o year_n mcxvi_o from_o the_o same_o abuse_n of_o they_o vulphilas_n a_o bishop_n of_o the_o goth_n reject_v the_o old_a runick_n invent_v a_o new_a character_n which_o he_o use_v in_o the_o translation_n of_o the_o bible_n and_o mr._n sheringham_n suppose_v not_o without_o reason_n that_o our_o ancestor_n follow_v his_o example_n for_o the_o render_v the_o scripture_n invent_v the_o english_a saxon_a character_n for_o hitherto_o say_v he_o can_v i_o find_v nothing_o write_v in_o that_o character_n mean_v the_o english_a saxon_n before_o the_o faith_n receive_v nor_o have_v i_o learn_v that_o those_o letter_n be_v ever_o in_o use_n in_o germany_n so_o that_o till_o it_o appear_v to_o the_o contrary_a i_o may_v very_o well_o think_v they_o be_v invent_v in_o england_n certain_o the_o english_a saxon_n in_o the_o cimbrick_n chersoness_n whence_o they_o proceed_v use_v altogether_o the_o runick_a character_n because_o all_o the_o inscription_n there_o produce_v by_o wormius_n not_o one_o be_v write_v in_o the_o english_a saxon_a character_n nor_o be_v it_o improbable_a that_o after_o the_o faith_n receive_v the_o introduce_v of_o a_o new_a way_n of_o write_v make_v the_o old_a one_o less_o intelligible_a and_o consequent_o more_o mysterious_a as_o we_o always_o admire_v those_o thing_n we_o least_o understand_v a_o certain_a sort_n of_o imposture_n take_v advantage_n of_o this_o change_n and_o be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o ancient_a delusion_n have_v a_o far_o great_a opportunity_n of_o put_v trick_n upon_o the_o people_n in_o those_o character_n which_o now_o remain_v as_o a_o secret_a only_o among_o the_o learned_a hence_o the_o saxon_n in_o this_o age_n which_o witness_v the_o change_n be_v great_a never_o mention_v the_o word_n runick_n without_o horror_n and_o veneration_n and_o what_o before_o be_v nothing_o but_o their_o plain_a alphabet_n be_v now_o become_v all_o charm_n and_o magic_n and_o the_o old_a way_n of_o write_v their_o mother_n tongue_n term_v cast_v a_o figure_n these_o imposture_n they_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v runcraf_o and_o their_o incantation_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v runstave_n or_o runverse_v it_o will_v not_o be_v unpleasant_a particular_o to_o relate_v by_o what_o mean_n and_o from_o what_o original_a the_o so_o much_o admire_v runick_n gain_v so_o great_a veneration_n among_o our_o ancestor_n as_o also_o what_o especial_a virtue_n and_o effect_n they_o attribute_v to_o it_o how_o from_o small_a beginning_n and_o the_o height_n of_o paganism_n it_o be_v derive_v from_o age_n to_o age_n still_o increase_a even_o under_o that_o light_n by_o which_o other_o superstition_n seem_o great_a be_v utter_o disperse_v the_o word_n runa_fw-la be_v derive_v by_o wormius_n from_o ryn_z or_o ren_fw-it both_o almost_o of_o the_o same_o 1._o signification_n ren_fw-it be_v as_o much_o as_o a_o cutt_n or_o channel_n of_o water_n ryn_z signify_v a_o furrow_n in_o the_o earth_n draw_v by_o a_o plough_n now_o as_o the_o greek_n call_v their_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o their_o be_v draw_v in_o line_n and_o the_o latin_v their_o letter_n or_o litter_n as_o quasi_fw-la lineatur_fw-la as_o so_o the_o ancient_a getes_n or_o saxon_n name_v their_o character_n rune_v from_o ryn_z a_o furrow_n because_o they_o be_v plowed-out_a as_o it_o be_v with_o the_o pen_n and_o draw_v into_o long_a line_n and_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o character_n itself_o beside_o the_o analogy_n of_o this_o derivation_n find_v in_o other_o language_n high_o favour_v this_o opinion_n so_o that_o at_o first_o run_v among_o the_o getes_n signify_v no_o more_o than_o a_o bare_a letter_n or_o character_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n in_o his_o epistle_n to_o wormius_n concern_v this_o matter_n derive_v it_o spelman_n from_o the_o saxon_a pine_n which_o signify_v a_o mystery_n or_o hide_a thing_n and_o of_o this_o opinion_n be_v mr._n sheringham_n also_o who_o endeavour_n with_o new_a addition_n to_o strengthen_v it_o to_o which_o end_n he_o cite_v johannes_n magnus_n who_o in_o speak_v of_o filemar_n have_v these_o word_n make_v inquiry_n say_v he_o into_o the_o custom_n of_o his_o country_n he_o sound_v among_o his_o i'eople_n a_o certain_a sort_n of_o cunning_a woman_n call_v adeltunae_fw-la for_o in_o the_o gothick_n tongue_n runa_fw-la signify_v a_o art_n sometime_o particular_o the_o art_n magic_a from_o whence_o at_o this_o day_n there_o be_v many_o stone_n in_o gothland_n in_o gothick_n character_n call_v runasten_v hence_o we_o may_v see_v say_v mr._n sheringham_n that_o the_o gothick_n character_n take_v name_n from_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n not_o the_o figure_n of_o the_o letter_n but_o by_o the_o leave_n of_o so_o worthy_a a_o person_n i_o can_v recee_v from_o the_o former_a derivation_n of_o wormius_n for_o wormius_n be_v not_o ignorant_a of_o the_o word_n pine_v signify_v a_o mystery_n and_o how_o the_o saxon_n and_o goth_n pretend_v to_o do_v miraculous_a thing_n by_o the_o operation_n of_o their_o character_n but_o i_o believe_v the_o word_n pine_v signify_v a_o mystery_n be_v not_o the_o primitive_a but_o derive_v from_o ryn_z a_o furrow_n by_o which_o word_n the_o ancient_a getes_n call_v their_o letter_n and_o because_o by_o the_o power_n of_o those_o letter_n their_o priest_n and_o wizzard_n pretend_v to_o do_v miraculous_a thing_n therefore_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o the_o letter_n themselves_o call_v ryns_n be_v use_v to_o signify_v a_o mystery_n and_o runa_fw-la be_v magic_a so_o that_o adeltuna_n be_v nothing_o proper_o but_o a_o learned_a or_o literate_a woman_n runasten_v a_o learned_a piece_n of_o work_n runet_n a_o learned_a copy_n of_o verse_n all_o which_o word_n in_o succeed_a time_n from_o the_o deceit_n of_o such_o who_o impose_v upon_o the_o people_n be_v take_v in_o a_o ill_a sense_n so_o that_o adelruna_n come_v to_o express_v a_o witch_n runasten_v a_o charm_n or_o talismanicall_a figure_n runet_n a_o incantation_n neither_o do_v the_o law_n make_v by_o woden_n and_o cite_v by_o mr._n sheringham_n to_o confirm_v sr._n henry_n spelman_n opinion_n in_o the_o least_o destroy_v wormius_n
deface_v can_v read_v no_o one_o sentence_n through_o yet_o can_v i_o well_o perceive_v in_o several_a place_n the_o word_n prytania_n if_o this_o book_n be_v admit_v of_o any_o considerable_a antiquity_n as_o that_o humphrey_n lloyd_n speak_v true_a that_o there_o be_v no_o first_o radical_a letter_n b_o in_o the_o welsh_a tongue_n but_o that_o they_o be_v call_v prydayn_n by_o themselves_o i_o believe_v without_o doubt_n the_o greek_n from_o this_o way_n of_o the_o islander_n derive_v they_o from_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d prytania_n signify_v metal_n in_o their_o own_o language_n for_o they_o know_v that_o the_o first_o original_a name_n bretanica_n come_v from_o the_o phoenician_n in_o which_o name_n the_o commodity_n of_o the_o country_n tynn_n be_v express_v and_o find_v it_o corrupt_v by_o the_o native_n into_o pretan_a prytan_n or_o something_o like_o it_o easy_o make_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d witting_o embrace_v this_o occasion_n to_o derive_v the_o country_n from_o a_o word_n from_o their_o own_o language_n signify_v metal_n so_o that_o if_o there_o be_v any_o truth_n in_o the_o derivation_n of_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d it_o must_v of_o necessity_n proceed_v from_o this_o fountain_n the_o like_a may_v be_v say_v of_o bretta_n the_o spanish_a word_n earth_n from_o whence_o some_o have_v derive_v it_o for_o if_o there_o be_v any_o kind_n of_o truth_n deliver_v by_o tradition_n of_o such_o a_o thing_n among_o the_o spaniard_n than_o it_o must_v come_v from_o those_o spaniard_n which_o in_o former_a time_n be_v call_v iberi_n that_o be_v digger_n in_o mine_n and_o as_o the_o word_n import_v it_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o phoenician_n that_o these_o iberi_n may_v be_v employ_v by_o the_o phoenician_n in_o the_o tynn_n mine_n in_o britain_n be_v not_o unlike_a for_o tacitus_n say_v that_o the_o complexion_n of_o the_o south_n tacitus_n part_n of_o britain_n differ_v much_o from_o the_o northern_a and_o both_o from_o those_o part_n that_o lie_v upon_o france_n and_o therefore_o he_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o north_n part_n be_v people_v by_o the_o german_n the_o eastern_a coast_n by_o the_o opposite_a neighbour_n the_o gaul_n and_o the_o south_n part_n by_o the_o iberi_fw-la this_o he_o gather_v by_o the_o different_a complexion_n of_o the_o people_n the_o north_n britain_n be_v fair_a have_v large_a limb_n long_o yellow_a hair_n as_o the_o german_n have_v the_o south_n britain_n be_v swart_a and_o curl_a hair_n like_o the_o spaniard_n the_o coast_n lie_v upon_o france_n agree_v in_o language_n custom_n and_o in_o every_o thing_n with_o the_o gaul_n it_o be_v difficult_a to_o persuade_v i_o that_o primitive_o any_o part_n of_o britain_n can_v be_v people_v out_o of_o spain_n by_o entire_a colony_n but_o rather_o that_o it_o be_v more_o natural_a that_o this_o island_n be_v people_v by_o colony_n descend_v down_o the_o rhine_n and_o fill_v france_n belgium_n and_o all_o that_o tract_n of_o ground_n the_o spaniard_n come_v to_o the_o south_n part_n as_o miner_n only_o be_v very_o active_a and_o expert_a in_o that_o trade_n have_v plenty_n of_o mine_n in_o their_o own_o country_n as_o the_o roman_a history_n witness_n continue_v unexhausted_a even_o to_o hannibal_n day_n according_a to_o this_o account_n it_o must_v certain_o be_v vain_o suppose_v of_o the_o derivation_n of_o britain_n from_o bretta_n signify_v earth_n in_o spanish_a especial_o when_o consider_v this_o island_n once_o in_o conjunction_n with_o the_o continent_n but_o from_o the_o spanish_a mariner_n who_o take_v bretta_n from_o the_o phoenician_n brat_n the_o first_o syllable_n in_o bratanac_n signify_v earth_n for_o it_o will_v frequent_o happen_v that_o the_o truth_n of_o thing_n be_v deliver_v down_o though_o the_o reason_n by_o which_o man_n will_v evidence_n they_o be_v often_o vain_a and_o frivolous_a according_a to_o the_o divers_a apprehension_n and_o conception_n of_o men._n the_o time_n when_o the_o phoenician_n come_v from_o tyre_n and_o zidon_n their_o own_o native_a country_n to_o discover_v britain_n the_o next_o thing_n i_o shall_v show_v be_v about_o what_o time_n the_o phoenician_n from_o tyre_n come_v into_o the_o western_a sea_n and_o when_o in_o all_o reason_n it_o may_v be_v suppose_v they_o discover_v and_o name_v this_o island_n for_o from_o the_o certainty_n and_o antiquity_n of_o their_o navigation_n will_v depend_v the_o evidence_n of_o our_o derivation_n and_o i_o shall_v also_o make_v it_o appear_v that_o the_o tyrian_n before_o the_o trojan_a war_n under_o their_o captain_n and_o country_n man_n hercules_n have_v traffic_v to_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o inland_a sea_n at_o last_o pass_v the_o straits_n of_o gibraltar_n have_v first_o build_v several_a city_n on_o the_o straits_n and_o possess_v tartessus_n erythea_n and_o gades_n island_n with_o great_a part_n of_o the_o continent_n of_o spain_n and_o africa_n lie_v on_o the_o sea_n coast_n as_o many_o monument_n of_o their_o language_n and_o custom_n do_v evidence_n and_o that_o the_o western_a sea_n be_v discover_v before_o the_o trojan_a war_n we_o learn_v from_o the_o ancient_a poet_n orpheus_n and_o homer_n with_o who_o nothing_o be_v more_o frequent_a than_o those_o say_n that_o the_o earth_n be_v a_o island_n and_o encompass_v round_o with_o the_o sea._n and_o first_o orpheus_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o sea_n around_o the_o earth_n her_o water_n throw_v and_o in_o that_o circle_n do_v it_o all_o enclose_v upon_o this_o very_a account_n be_v it_o call_v amphitrite_n by_o homer_n its_o go_v round_o the_o earth_n as_o herodotus_n speak_v in_o his_o four_o book_n 4._o homer_n make_v the_o sun_n to_o arise_v and_o set_v in_o the_o ocean_n and_o in_o the_o first_o map_n of_o the_o world_n as_o i_o may_v call_v it_o the_o shield_n of_o achilles_n which_o vulcan_n make_v he_o we_o find_v that_o the_o earth_n be_v in_o the_o midst_n of_o the_o water_n for_o the_o sea_n be_v place_v vulcanus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d upon_o the_o extreme_a border_n of_o the_o shield_n from_o whence_o can_v orpheus_n and_o homer_n have_v this_o if_o not_o by_o tradition_n from_o the_o phoentcian_n for_o colaeus_n samius_n be_v the_o first_o of_o the_o greek_n that_o discover_v the_o western_a ocean_n and_o he_o live_v four_o hundred_o year_n after_o homer_n beside_o he_o never_o go_v far_a than_o tartessus_n but_o content_v himself_o with_o the_o discovery_n of_o the_o straits_n mouth_n only_o and_o to_o have_v see_v that_o ocean_n so_o that_o we_o must_v suppose_v homer_n have_v it_o by_o tradition_n from_o the_o phoenician_n as_o bochartus_n prove_v he_o to_o have_v have_v many_o name_n bochartus_fw-la of_o place_n particular_o the_o elysian_a field_n in_o hispania_n betica_fw-la let_v we_o hearken_v also_o what_o strabo_n say_v to_o this_o business_n speak_v of_o the_o phoenician_n i._n they_o say_v he_o go_v beyond_o hercules_n pillar_n and_o there_o build_v city_n even_o to_o the_o middle_n of_o lybia_n on_o the_o sea_n coast_n a_o little_a while_n after_o the_o trojan_n war_n and_o mr._n milton_n say_v that_o he_o think_v that_o albion_n have_v some_o relation_n to_o these_o action_n in_o lybia_n quasi_fw-la alebion_n so_o call_v by_o the_o phoenician_n which_o in_o my_o opinion_n be_v the_o milton_n most_o probable_a derivation_n i_o ever_o read_v of_o albion_n however_o we_o see_v that_o the_o navigation_n of_o the_o phoenician_n into_o these_o sea_n be_v ancient_a herodotus_n make_v mention_n with_o wonder_n of_o some_o phoenician_n send_v by_o nero_n how_o melpomene_n they_o fail_v round_a africa_n and_o return_v through_o the_o straits_n of_o gibraltar_n have_v in_o their_o voyage_n the_o sun_n on_o their_o right_a hand_n part_n of_o which_o story_n herodotus_n will_v not_o believe_v it_o must_v needs_o be_v true_a for_o after_o they_o have_v pass_v the_o tropic_a of_o cancer_n beyond_o which_o africa_n run_v out_o many_o degree_n now_o this_o story_n so_o innocent_o tell_v by_o herodotus_n as_o a_o wonder_n argue_v the_o ignorance_n of_o the_o greek_n and_o the_o great_a experience_n the_o phoenician_n have_v in_o those_o sea_n all_o along_o the_o coast_n of_o africa_n this_o i_o conjecture_v be_v the_o cause_n why_o man_n beyond_o reason_n have_v draw_v their_o voyage_n even_o to_o the_o east_n indies_n under_o king_n solomon_n and_o to_o the_o west_n under_o hanno_n and_o himilco_n a_o fate_n we_o often_o see_v that_o attend_v great_a action_n when_o overfond_a man_n out_o of_o a_o desire_n to_o magnisie_n thing_n famous_a beyond_o their_o true_a proportion_n inconsiderate_o stretch_v they_o beyond_o the_o bound_n of_o truth_n and_o modesty_n have_v say_v thus_o much_o of_o the_o derivation_n of_o britannia_fw-la that_o it_o come_v from_o the_o phoenician_n bratanac_n let_v we_o see_v whether_o the_o grecian_n may_v not_o take_v the_o name_n