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A50253 The figures or types of the Old Testament by which Christ and the heavenly things of the Gospel were preached and shadowed to the people of God of old : explained and improved in sundry sermons / by Mr. Samuel Mather ... Mather, Samuel, 1626-1671.; Mather, Nathanael, 1631-1697. 1683 (1683) Wing M1279; ESTC R7563 489,095 683

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shoulder-pieces belonging to it in which were placed two Ouches of Gold with two Onyx stones set and fastened in them Two Ouches that is hollow Circles two hollow places in which the stones were set like Diamonds in a Ring Onyx stones white stones not unlike the white of a mans Nail The Hebrew word is Shoham It is I know otherwise rendered by some but the Onyx being a large stone as it was requisite that these should be that there might be space enough to ingrave six names in a stone besides other circumstances we may rest in this Translation The use of these precious stones was for the writing of the names of the twelve Children of Israel in them that the High Priest might bear them upon his shoulders for a memorial before the Lord. See Exod. 28.9 10 11 12. Now the Priest being a Type of Christ and the people of Israel a Type of the whole Church of God their being born thus upon the shoulders of the High Priest clothed with this sacred Ephod intimated three things 1. The Lord Jesus Christ his supporting of his Church and people and bearing them up as upon the shoulders of his Power and Grace and Government Isai 9.6 the Government shall be upon his shoulders so he is said to do with the lost Sheep Luke 15.5 Isai 46.3 4. hearken unto me O House of Jacob all the remnant of the House of Israel which are born by me from the Belly which are carried from the Womb and even to your old age I am he and even to hoary hairs I will carry you I have made you and I will bear even I will carry and will deliver you 2. His presenting them to the Lord to be in everlasting remembrance before him that he cannot look upon the High Priest but their names appear upon his shoulders for a memorial before the Lord their names are engraven in his sight that he cannot look from off them Mal. 3.16 A book of remembrance is written before him for them that fear the Lord Ephes 5.27 that he might present it to himself a glorious Church 3. He bears their names before the Lord in this curious and costly Ephod as representing his own perfect Righteousness wherewith he stands clothed before God in the glorious merit whereof he appeareth for his people For men to trust to their own works and merits is to have their names born before God in an Ephod of their own weaving which God abhors by which sin both the Jews and the Papists perish Rom. 10.3 But the Saints dare not appear before God in such filthy Garments but confess as Isai 64.6 All our Righteousness is but as filthy rags c. 5. The curious Girdle of the Ephod of which the words of Text are these And he girded him with the curious Girdle of the Ephod and bound it unto him therewith Exod. 28.8 so that this Girdle of the Ephod is thought not to be a distinct thing separable from the Ephod but to have been as it were a piece of it Mr. Ainsworths Note out of the Rabbins is this The Ephod had as it were two hands or pieces going out from it in the weaving on this side and on that with the which they girded it and they are called Cheseb the curious Girdle of the Ephod This curious Girdle of the Ephod was tyed upon his heart under the Brest-plate This differeth from the other Girdle Abnet which is after spoken of in ver 39. and by reason of the Gold in this which the other had not it is called the Golden Girdle Some have doubted whether there were two Girdles but the Text is clear for it Levit. 8.7 He put upon him the Coat and girded him with the Girdle This is the Linnen Girdle Now it follows and he clothed him with the Robe and put the Ephod upon him and he girded him with the curious Girdle of the Ephod and bound it unto him therewith And they are called by two several names Abnet and Cheseb The reason why there was two was because his Garments did require two As to the mystery of this second Girdle it is the same with the former It signified the truth and strength and readiness for action that is in Christ and should be in all that bear his name so I need say no more upon it 6. The sixth piece of the High Priestly attire and indeed the chief of all was the Brest-plate of which the Text saith and he put the Brest-plate upon him Concerning this holy Pectoral or Brest-plate there be four things declared in Exod. 28. from ver 15. c. to ver 29. 1. The Materials of Gold Blue c the same with the Ephod ver 15. 2. The form and shape four-square a span in breadth and length ver 16. 3. The twelve Stones with the names of the twelve Tribes of Israel set therein ver 17 to 22. And thou shalt set in it settings of Stones even four rows of Stones c. 4. The fastening of the Brest-plate to the Ephod by four Golden Rings in the four corners of it In the two upper Rings of the Brest-plate there were two Chains of Gold by which it was fastened above to two Golden Ouches in the shoulder-pieces of the Ephod and in the two lower Rings of the Brest-plate there was a blue Lace by which it was tyed to two Gold Rings in the sides of the Ephod ver 22 to 29. that so the Brest-plate might not be loosed from the Ephod ver 28. which may help in the understanding of that place 1 Sam. 23.9 where David saith to Abiathar the Priest Bring hither the Ephod that is to consult with the Lord by Urim and Thummim saith the Geneva Note upon the place for by the Providence of God the Ephod was preserved and kept with David the true King that so he might have the means of consulting with God in all his dangers and distresses and the Brest-plate wherein was the Urim and Thummim by which they inquired of God was fastened to the Ephod and not to be loosened from it so that David called for the Ephod because of the Brest-plate that was fastened to it and because of the Urim and Thummim that was in the Brest-plate Quest Why is it called Pectorale Judicii the Brest-plate of Judgment so Exod. 28. ver 15 29 30. Answ There may be a twofold account given of this 1. Because the High Priest was to wear this upon his Brest when he gave forth a Sentence and Judgment from God unto such as came to him to inquire of God by him 2. The Judgment of the Children of Israel may be understood to signifie the Concernments of their Good for Judgment is not always put for Wrath and Punishment but for a wise and accurate and exact Administration of things saepe per nomen Mishpat Scriptura significat quicquid bene rite ordinatum est Hoc Epitheto commendatur rectus omni vitio purus Ordo Calvin in