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A50038 The natural history of Lancashire, Cheshire, and the Peak in Derbyshire with an account of the British, Phœnician, Armenian, Gr. and Rom. antiquities in those parts / by Charles Leigh ... Leigh, Charles, 1662-1701? 1700 (1700) Wing L975; ESTC R20833 287,449 522

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bind Ev'n Natures self does all her Treasures yield And quits to you the Trophies of the Field Her in her dark Recesses you have view'd Thro' ev'ry Maze her wond'rous Paths pursu'd What Magick late and Mystery they call Now Art appears and Demonstration all Nature exalted rears her shining Crest And in her Works th' Omnipotent's confest You chiefly teach this curious Age to know What Mineral Seeds in Purling Waters flow In raging Fevers how the Blood takes Fire And how in tedious Chronicks we expire In darksom Mines where noisom Damps offend Ev'n there your conquer'd Empire you extend What Air or Earth or liquid Seas contain Your comprehensive Genius does explain Old Rome to Britain once again returns And Heroes rise out of their dusty Urns Their Votive Spoils proclaim their Grandeur here Speak how prevailing once their Legions were Rescu'd from Rust of Time they live in you Whilst we their Pow'r in their great Ruins view May you these high Discoveries still pursue If ought remains of that great Task to do Your Labours will the Test of Time endure Whilst you beyond the Critick's Rage secure Lord of your self are pleas'd with future Toil And spread your healing Wings o're all your Native Soil R. J. Some of the Names of the Nobility Clergy and Gentry Subscribers to this book Many are omitted several Persons Subscribing for different Numbers whose Names are not known to the Author A SIR Willoughby Aston Dr. Robert Andrews Dr. Archer of Kendall Thomas Ashurst Esq Iohn Atherton of Busy Esq Edward Ayde Esq Iohn Aglonby Esq Thomas Ashton Esq Mr. Alonson A. M. Mr. Henry Ashton Mr. Thomas Askue Mr. Thomas Armatryding Mr. Adir Mr. Atherton B Sir Iohn Bridgeman Bar. Sir Benjamin Bathurst Sir Roger Bradshaigh Sir Rich. Blackmore Sir Rich. Brooks Sir Tho. Billet Sir Will. Busby Sir Iohn Bland Sir Henry Bunbury Reginald Britland Serjeant at Law Dr. Bateley Arch-Deacon of Cant. Dr. Birch of Westminster Dr. Breech of Christ-Church Dr. Baynard Dr. Daniel Brown Ioseph Brown M. D. Thomas Brotherton Esq Geor. Birch Esq Thomas Brooks Esq Humphrey Booth Esq Allen Bathurst of Trin. Coll. Esq Iohn Braddyle Esq Henry Brown Esq Henry Bradshaw Esq Geo. Beach Esq Lawrance Booth Esq Nath. Booth Esq Orlando Bridgeman Esq Orlando Bridgeman Esq Rich. Bold Esq Be●●ford Esq William Blencore Esq Brockhall Esq Mr. Bradshaw of New Coll. A. M. The Reverend Mr. Hugh Barrow B. D. Roger Bolton M. A. Adam Budle M. A. Mr. Becinsall B. D. Braz C. Capt. Booth Madam Brookes Mr. Robert Brewer Mr. Thomas Bennet Mr. Thomas Barbon Mr. Tho. Briggs of Lostock Mr. Tim. Bancks Mr. Thomas Bradshaw Mr. Butterworth Mr. Michael Burton Mr. Nathaniel Boothhouse Mr. William Burhell Mr. Iohn Bradshaigh Mr. Iohn Brenand Mr. Henry Brooks Mr. Iohn Brown C Lord Cavendish Lord Cholmondeley Lord Bishop of Carlisle Lord Bishop of Chester Sir Robert Cotton Sir Edward Chisnal Sir Iohn Crew The Reverend Dr. Charlott Master of University Colledge Oxon. Dr. Chamberlain of London Dr. Cox of London Dr. Covel Master of Christs College Camb. Dr. Carmichal Dr. Carter Henry Chetham Esq Iohn Cheshire Esq Robert Cholmondeley Esq Tho. Cliffton of Litham Esq Samuel Crook Esq Allen Chamber Esq Lawrence Charter Prof. of Divinity Colonel Codrington Daniel Chaddock Gent. Mr. Carswell Mr. Iohn Charleton Mr. Robert Cheshire of Runchorne Mr. Francis Cholmondeley Mr. Iohn Clayton Mr. Clark of Wicham Mr. Thomas Clopton Mr. Iames Crayle of London Mr. George Corbishley Mr. Thomas Crowther D His Excellency the Duke of Devonshire The Earl of Derby Countess Dowager of Derby Sir Thomas Delves Dr. Drummond Samuel Daniel Esq Cha. Dartigueneve Esq Christopher Dauntesy Esq Domvil of Linn Esq Mr. Delves M. B. Edw. Denham A. M. Mr. Delves of Manchester Mr. Davy of Fradsham Mr. Charles Du-Bois Mr. Davenport E The Honourable Madam Egerton Edmund Entwistle D. D. Dr. Eives Peter Edgerton of Shaw Esq Iohn Eglenby Esq Thomas Ewer Esq Mr. Ioseph Eaton Mr. Robert Eskrigg of Eskrigg F Sir Daniel Fleming Dr. Thomas Fern London Dr. Fenton Dr. Pet. Fulwood at Stampford Lin. Lawrence Fogg D. D. D. C. William Farrington Esq Thomas Foster Esq Edward Fleetwood Esq Iohn Ferrers Esq Iohn Franks Esq Thomas Fleetwood of Bank Esq Richard Fleetwood Esq Roger Fleming Esq Thomas Fleetwood of Staffordshire Esq Mr. Stephen Fox Valentine Farrington Gent. Mr. Iohn Farrington Mr. Fiswick Mr. Fernill of Ridgeley Mr. Henry Fean Mr. Barwick Fairsax G Sir Christopher Greenvil Dr. Gibbons London Dr. Goodall London Dr. Gould London Dr. Grundy Thomas Gerrard Esq Thomas Glasier Esq Thomas Gardiner Esq Henry Gilberson Esq Greenvill Esq Iohn Grosvenour Esq Greenvill Esq The Reverend Parson Gibbs of Bury Mr. Gwin Fellow of Iesus Col. Ox. Iosiah Gregson Gent. Mr. Thomas Gibson Mr. Iohn Gadbury Mr Henry Glibberton Mr. Edward Graves Mr. Francis Gregg Mr. Green London H The Marquess of Hartington Sir Henry Hunloke Dr. Halkat Dr. Lancelott Harrison Dr. Henshaw Dr. Hicks London Dr. How London William Haddock Esq Thomas Hanmore Esq Iohn Harrison Esq Richard Hardy Esq Iohn Harleston Esq Thomas Hesketh Esq Robert Hesketh Esq Henry Hodgkinson Esq Iohn Hodgson Esq Iames Holt Esq Benjamin Houghton Esq Holt of Crisleton Esq Iohn Hopwood Esq Edward Hornby Esq Hurleston Esq Hulme Esq William Hulton Esq Hulton Esq The Reverend Mr. Iames Hamer B. D. The Reverend Mr. Hall Mr. Holbrooke M. B. Mr. Haydock Capt. Hambleton Mr. Haddon Mr. Haywood Mr. Iohn Harrison Mr. Iames Harvey of Knutsford Mr. Harrison of Poulton Mr. Thomas Haworth Mr. William Hawkins Mr. Iohn Hawkins Mr. Hargraves Mr. Hyde Br. Coll. S. Mr. Thomas Hodgson Mr. Thomas Hunt Mr. Robert Hyde Mr. Francis Hopson Mr. Iames Holland Mr. Hunt Mr. Hulme Mr. Hind Mr. Humphrey Hutchinson Mr. Christopher Hopkins Mr. Charles Halstead Mr. Iames Hardy Mr. Hall of Knutsford Mr. Hall of Hulms Chap. I Alexander Iohnson Esq Mr. Michael Iohnson Mr. Nicholas Iackson K Lord Bishop of Kilmore in Ireland Lord Killmorry George Kenyon Esq Mr. Aaron Kinton of St. Martins in the Fields Mr. Keil of Ball. Coll. Mr. Knaplock L Lord Bishop of London Sir Fancis Leicester Sir William Lowther Dr. Levett Robert Law M. D. Rich. Legh of High Legh Esq Peter Legh of Lime Esq Peter Legh of Booth Esq Obad. Lane Esq Iohn Legh of Adlington Esq Peter Legh of High Leigh A. M. Mr. Rich. Langon Mr. William Law Mr. Iohn Legh Mr. Iohn Leadbeater Mr. Roger Langton Mr. Arthur Laundres Mrs. Ann Loveday Mr. Rich. Lownds M Sir Iohn Manwareing Sir George Markham Sir Strencham Masters Sir William Meredith The Reverend Dr. Iohn Mear Dr. of Divinity and Principal of Brazen-N Col. Thomas Mather Esq Iohn Minshall Esq Minshall of Grays-Inn Esq Minshall of the Temple Esq Alexander Moson Esq Ralph Milbank Esq Thomas More M. B. Mr. Ioseph Milner Mr. Iohn Markland of Wigan Mr. Bevin Mr. Valentine Moneston Mr. Thomas Moss Mr. Richard Mostyn Mr. Francis Moult Mr. George Moult N George Nodes Esq Roger Nowell of Read Esq Mr. Thomas Newby Mr.
Nisbet O Crew Offley Esq Oakes Esq Ogle Esq Alex. Olbeldston Esq Mr. Iohn Ody Mr. Iohn Offley Grays Inn. Mr. Thomas Ogle Mr. William Onely Mr. Osborn Ex. Coll. Mr. Andrew Osborn Mr. Ambrose Osborne of Warrington P Dr. Thomas Parnell Dr. Parsons Iohn Price M. D. Edward Parker Esq Robert Parker Esq The Reverend Mr. Price The Minister of Penwortham The Vicar of Presbury Christopher Parker Gent. William Patten Gent. Nicholas Penington Gent. Mr. Pictairn Mr. Parker Mr. Parker of Oxford Mr. Iames Pearson Mr. Thomas Patten Mr. Plumtree Mr. Henry Prescott of Chester Mr. Thomas Proddy Mr. Iohn Pope R The Earl Rivers The Countess Dowager Rivers The Lady Elizabeth Rivers Sir Alex. Rigby Knt. Dr. Tancred Rovinson London Dr. Rule Thomas Rigby Esq William Rosthorn Esq Iohn Risley Esq Edward Rigby Esq Charles Rigby Esq Christopher Rawlison Esq Richard Wright Preb. of Chester Mr. Keel of Baliol Mathematick Lecturer Mr. Richards Ex. Coll. Mr. Thomas Rean Mr. Ionathan Rose Mr. Reiner London S His Grace the D. of Somerset The Honorable Iames Stanley Esq Sir Alexander Setton Baronet Sir Archibald Steinson M. D. Sir Thomas Stanley Sir Robert Sybbald M. D. Sir Thomas Standish Dr. Sloan London Dr. Sherwood London Thomas Slater Esq William Stanford Esq Thomas Stafford Esq Nicholas Starkey Esq Richard Spencer Esq Roger Sudel Major of Preston Charles Smallwood L. L. B. The Reverend Mr. Nicholas of Stocport Iohn Smith Gent. Iohn Smith Gent. Daniel Sanford Gent. Mr. Strathem Mr. Slyford London Mr. Skeer Mr. William Shaw Mr. Stanwicks Mr. Nathaniel Spooner Mr. Barton Shuttleworth Mr. Edward Shelton Mr. Savile Mr. Samuel Shaw Mr. Iohn Stringham Mr. Iames Smith Mr. Iohn Sheer of Doddington Mr. Iohn Sutherland T Sir Tho. Tyrrell of Thornton Nicholas Townley Esq Richard Townley Esq Richard Tompson Esq Thomas Townley Esq Dr. Tyson London Dr. Tod Iohn Thane Preb. of Chester Mr. Edmund Townley A. M. Zachariah Taylor A. M. Mr. William Taylor Mr. Richard Thompson Mr. Benjamin Tooke Mr. Thomas Tatham U Mr. Thomas Vernon W The Earl of Warrington Dr. Iohn Wainright DD. LL. The Reverend Dr. Iohn Wallis Dr. Woodroff Dr. Wroe Dr. Willoughby London Dr. Waterhouse Iohn Ward of the inner Temple Esq Lawrence Walmsley Esq Bartholomew Walmsley Esq Benjamin Walmsley Esq Iohn Wedgewood Esq Gabriel Wood Esq William Wooley of Derbsh Esq Mr. Will. Ward Vicar of Portsmouth Mr. Thomas Waltham Mr. Thomas Watson Mr. Westby Mr. Thomas Wareing Mr. Henry Wise Mr. Richmond Walton Mr. Evan Wall Mr. Thomas Williamson Mr. Thomas Wilson Mr. Withers Mr. Whitehead Mr. Thomas Winkely Mr. Richard Walmsley of Showley Mr. Ioseph Walker Mr. Whitehead of Kirkham Mr. William Walbanck Y Ioseph Yates Esq Charles Yarborough M. B. Mr. Peter Yates Advertisement I Thought it necessary to give this publick notice to all that Subscribed to this Book That several Impressions of Seals came to me enclosed in Letters but the Gentlemen who Writ them mentioned not to whom each particular Coat belonged for want of those Directions I was obliged to omit several but have left a Plate and given Orders for the Engraving of them So that if those Gentlemen be pleas'd to send an Impression of their Arms to Mr. Sturt an Engraver near the White-Lyon in Red-Cross-Street in London they may have their Arms Engraved and that Plate annexed to the rest Place this before the first Plate of the Arms. A New Map of LANCASHIRE CHESHIRE DERBYSHIRE in w ch are Delineated most of y e Towns Rivers Meers Places Relating to y e Natural History of these Countries by Charles Leigh Doctor of Physick THE Natural History OF LANCASHIRE CHESHIRE AND THE PEAK in DERBYSHIRE CHAP. 1. Of the Ancient Inhabitants and of the Air in those Counties LANCASHIRE my Native Soil hath its Denomination from Lancaster the County Town an Ancient Corporation in which there are many and spacious Buildings It is Situated upon the River Lune of which I shall have occasion to treat hereafter This Country was formerly Inhabited by the Brigantes who settled behind the Mountains towards the Western Ocean From what Country these Men came is not very certain as Mr. Cambden affirms some deriving them from Spain others from the Alps and a third sort giving them that Name from the Piracies they committed as the French However thus far we may conclude They were a Warlike People inhabiting amongst the Ancient Britains and the further Disquisition of that matter I leave to the Antiquaries it being forein to this Undertaking Wherefore I shall hasten to the Natural History and according to my design'd Method First Treat of the natural and various Temperaments of the Air and afterwards of the unusual Phaenomena which have hapen'd in that Element However before I leave the Ancient Inhabitants of this County take a farther Account of them given by that Learned and Eminent Antiquary Mr. Hollingworth once Fellow of the Collegiate-Church of Manchester his Manuscript being now Reposited in the Publick-Library there The Ancient Inhabitants says he of Yorkshire Lancashire Westmorland Cumberland and Durham were the Brigantes their chief City was York sometimes call'd Brigantia In Vespasian's Time Petilius Cerialis struck a Terrour into the whole Land by Invading at his first Entry the Brigantes the most populous of all the whole Provinces many Battles and some Bloody ones were fought and the greatest part of the Brigantes were either conquer'd or wasted I dare not be positive in Matters of so abstruse a Nature but my own Opinion is That they Originally were Phoenicians and this I shall in some measure endeavour to make out from the Name of the Island in general and the Phoenician Name of a River in these parts As to the Island it self as some have asserted it was anciently call'd Bratanac that word in the Phoenician Language signifying Tin which was the chief product of the Isle they Traffick'd in However tho' that may seem to admit of a debate yet it is well known to be the Custom of the Eastern Nations to express themselves by Allegories Metaphors and concise Expressions and so the Hypothesis is not irrational As to the derivation of the word Britannia it may thus be accounted for in another sense Brit in the British Language signifies Paint and all our Historians agree the Britains were a painted People and as is imagined made use of the Juice of Glastum or Woad and the Land at that time probably had no other Name save that Monosyllable But upon the Phoenicians arrival to Trade upon their Coasts which chiefly they did in Cornwal where the Tin Mines were discover'd and whose Inhabitants were call'd by the Greeks Cassiterides it is very likely then their Weights which were the Standards of Commerce were made of Tin Lead perhaps not being then discover'd Hence it may be the Phoenician Merchants to the word Brit added anac which in the Phoenician Language is Poise or Ballance by which they Trade nor do the Arabians differ much from that stiling it ana which