unanswerable_a argument_n in_o the_o preface_n to_o the_o three_o part_n of_o his_o report_n these_o argument_n be_v draw_v from_o two_o head_n record_v as_o he_o call_v it_o and_o history_n but_o all_o the_o record_n i_o find_v cite_v to_o that_o purpose_n in_o this_o preface_n to_o the_o three_o part_n of_o his_o report_n be_v a_o writ_n of_o novel_a disseisin_n out_o of_o glanvil_n 2._o glanvil_n lib._n 13._o c._n 33._o l._n 4._o c._n 16._o n._n 2._o and_o bracton_n in_o this_o form_n rex_fw-la vicecomiti_fw-la salutem_fw-la quaestus_fw-la est_fw-la nobis_fw-la a._n quod_fw-la b._n injust_a &_o sine_fw-la judicio_fw-la disseisivit_fw-la eum_fw-la de_fw-la libero_fw-la tenemento_fw-it svo_fw-la in_fw-la e._n etc._n etc._n ideo_fw-la tibi_fw-la praecipimus_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la praedictus_fw-la a._n fecerit_fw-la te_fw-la securum_fw-la de_fw-fr clamoro_fw-la svo_fw-la prosequendo_fw-la tum_fw-la facias_fw-la tenementum_fw-la illud_fw-la reseisire_fw-la de_fw-la catallis_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o ipso_fw-la capt_n fuer_n &_o ipsum_fw-la tenementum_fw-la cum_fw-la catallis_fw-la esse_fw-la in_o pace_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la primam_fw-la assizam_n cum_fw-la justiciarii_fw-la in_o part_n illas_fw-la venerint_fw-la &_o interea_fw-la facias_fw-la 12._o liberos_fw-la &_o legales_fw-la homines_fw-la de_fw-la viceneto_fw-la illo_fw-la videre_fw-la tenementum_fw-la illud_fw-la &_o nomina_fw-la eorum_fw-la imbreviari_fw-la from_o this_o writ_n in_o glanvil_n who_o be_v make_v 30_o make_v hoved._n fol._n 342._o b._n n._n 30_o chief_a justice_n of_o all_o england_n 1180._o by_o king_n henry_n the_o second_o one_o hundred_o and_o six_o year_n after_o the_o conquest_n report_n preface_n to_o his_o three_o book_n of_o report_n he_o collect_v four_o thing_n how_o i_o know_v not_o first_o that_o before_o the_o conquest_n time_n out_o of_o mind_n there_o be_v sheriff_n in_o england_n which_o though_o i_o think_v be_v not_o to_o be_v collect_v from_o this_o writ_n be_v ready_o grant_v to_o he_o there_o be_v such_o officer_n sciremen_n sciregereus_n or_o aldermani_n who_o have_v the_o government_n of_o the_o county_n hold_v court_n and_o be_v judge_n in_o they_o yet_o perhaps_o not_o altogether_o the_o same_o with_o the_o sheriff_n in_o the_o norman_a or_o our_o time_n second_o that_o all_o that_o time_n there_o be_v jury_n of_o twelve_o man_n this_o also_o may_v be_v grant_v he_o though_o i_o see_v not_o how_o it_o will_v be_v enforce_v from_o this_o writ_n nor_o prove_v any_o other_o way_n assessor_n twelve_o man_n mention_v in_o the_o saxon_a law_n be_v assessor_n for_o the_o twelve_o man_n or_o juror_n mention_v in_o the_o saxon_a law_n be_v assessor_n and_o have_v their_o share_n in_o give_v judgement_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o text_n itself_o three_o that_o all_o that_o while_o there_o be_v original_a writ_n and_o writ_n of_o assize_n which_o be_v the_o rule_n and_o principle_n of_o the_o commune_fw-la law_n of_o england_n and_o therefore_o that_o law_n 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far_o as_o he_o can_v observe_v they_o do_v not_o use_v to_o call_v the_o party_n by_o any_o writ_n or_o write_v but_o to_o send_v for_o they_o by_o certain_a messenger_n which_o they_o term_v they_n perhaps_o rather_o theow_v or_o thegens_n that_o be_v minister_n or_o servant_n and_o if_o it_o have_v be_v otherwise_o that_o there_o have_v be_v the_o same_o form_n of_o writ_n and_o the_o same_o formality_n in_o law_n proceed_n before_o the_o conquest_n as_o after_o and_o at_o this_o day_n they_o will_v have_v be_v find_v in_o book_n somewhere_o reserve_v in_o one_o monastery_n or_o other_o or_o they_o will_v have_v be_v deliver_v from_o one_o to_o another_o and_o preserve_v by_o tradition_n as_o well_o as_o the_o very_o commune_v law_n and_o custom_n themselves_o which_o be_v jus_fw-la non_fw-la scriptum_fw-la as_o all_o the_o patron_n of_o the_o antiquity_n of_o our_o law_n affirm_v ibidem_fw-la affirm_v ibidem_fw-la and_o when_o that_o manner_n of_o summon_v by_o writ_n be_v bring_v in_o here_o yet_o be_v not_o the_o seal_v of_o they_o forthwith_o commit_v only_o to_o the_o chancellor_n for_o you_o may_v see_v in_o glanvill_n book_n that_o some_o original_a writ_n of_o his_o time_n have_v this_o form_n justiciary_a form_n glan_n l._n 1._o c._n 6._o writ_n seal_v by_o the_o chief_a justice_n see_v also_o hoved._n fol_z 445._o b._n n_o 10._o for_o writ_n in_o grand_a assize_n issue_v by_o the_o justiciary_a testae_fw-la ranulpho_n de_fw-fr glanvilla_n who_o be_v then_o chief_a justice_n under_o who_o seal_v the_o writ_n pass_v which_o take_v off_o and_o full_o answer_v his_o four_o and_o last_o observation_n or_o consequence_n he_o will_v draw_v from_o this_o writ_n which_o be_v that_o before_o the_o conquest_n there_o be_v a_o court_n of_o chancery_n because_o in_o his_o time_n original_a writ_n do_v all_o issue_n from_o thence_o and_o from_o no_o other_o court_n and_o be_v seal_v there_o and_o further_o it_o appear_v by_o what_o have_v be_v say_v in_o the_o 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conquest_n as_o they_o be_v in_o his_o time_n because_o then_o these_o word_n be_v also_o use_v in_o our_o law_n particular_a liberty_n and_o enjoyment_n of_o many_o custom_n there_o be_v certain_o very_o many_o grant_v by_o our_o saxon_a king_n to_o many_o person_n and_o place_n and_o in_o some_o sort_n continue_v to_o they_o by_o the_o conqueror_n which_o yet_o be_v but_o liberty_n particular_a nation_n particular_a liberty_n not_o the_o common_a law_n of_o a_o nation_n and_o not_o the_o commune_fw-la law_n of_o the_o nation_n for_o have_v it_o be_v they_o may_v of_o commune_v right_o have_v claim_v it_o without_o special_a grant_n see_v it_o be_v always_o the_o practice_n of_o all_o nation_n to_o allow_v the_o people_n the_o use_n and_o benefit_n of_o their_o clear_a and_o know_v law_n saxon_n the_o law_n of_o engl._n prove_v from_o the_o term_n to_o be_v rather_o from_o the_o norman_n than_o saxon_n and_o if_o there_o be_v any_o cogency_n from_o these_o word_n and_o term_n use_v here_o in_o the_o law_n both_o before_o and_o since_o the_o conquest_n to_o prove_v the_o identity_n of_o it_o in_o those_o time_n the_o argument_n will_v be_v ten_o time_n more_o forcible_a from_o such_o term_n of_o the_o law_n as_o be_v not_o find_v here_o before_o the_o conquest_n nor_o perhaps_o for_o some_o time_n after_o term_n norman_a law_n term_n to_o prove_v that_o our_o law_n be_v the_o norman_a law_n such_o as_o be_v fee-simple_n fee-farm_n franc-fee_n grand_a and_o petit_fw-fr sergeanty_n escuage_z burgage_n villeinage_n assize_n mort_fw-fr d'ancestor_n novel_a disseisin_n court_n vicecomes_a consuetudo_fw-la custuma_n and_o a_o great_a number_n more_o in_o the_o book_n of_o tenor_n and_o elsewhere_o obvious_a which_o mr._n somner_n 104._o somner_n p._n 104._o say_v in_o his_o gavelkind_n and_o every_o one_o know_v be_v all_o of_o the_o norman_a plantation_n and_o we_o by_o the_o norman_n bring_v acquaint_v with_o they_o and_o indeed_o from_o they_o we_o have_v very_o near_o all_o our_o law_n term_n and_o
pictaviensis_fw-la write_v the_o act_n of_o william_n the_o second_o duke_n of_o normandy_n and_o king_n of_o england_n common_o call_v the_o conqueror_n he_o be_v first_o a_o soldier_n a._n soldier_n order_n vit._n f._n 503._o d._n f._n 504._o a._n afterward_o a_o priest_n and_o a_o long_a time_n chaplain_n to_o william_n and_o archdeacon_n of_o lisieux_n he_o write_v such_o thing_n as_o he_o see_v and_o be_v present_a at_o but_o end_v c._n end_v ib._n f._n 521._o c._n his_o history_n in_o the_o year_n 1070._o ingulphus_n 3._o ingulphus_n hist_o croyland_n f._n 513._o b._n n._n 40._o ib._n f._n 514._o lin_v 3._o abbot_n of_o croyland_n sometime_o secretary_n to_o william_n the_o conqueror_n when_o duke_n of_o normandy_n who_o father_n also_o have_v bear_v office_n in_o the_o court_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n he_o write_v the_o history_n of_o crowland_n abbey_n 11.20_o abbey_n ib._n f._n 518._o b._n 11.20_o and_o as_o they_o fall_v in_o many_o other_o matter_n he_o translate_v many_o charter_n and_o chirographs_n out_o of_o saxon_a into_o the_o latin_a of_o those_o time_n wherein_o he_o render_v many_o saxon_a word_n and_o thing_n by_o the_o legal_a phrase_n and_o dialect_n of_o the_o norman_n he_o be_v install_v 8._o install_v ib._n f._n a._n 515._o lin_v 8._o abbot_n 1076._o and_o write_v some_o part_n of_o his_o history_n at_o least_o after_o the_o survey_v finish_v for_o he_o 10._o he_o ib._n f._n b._n 516._o n._n 10._o take_v a_o copy_n of_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o croyland_n abbey_n out_o of_o it_o gulielmus_fw-la gemeticensis_n a._n gemeticensis_n order_n vit._n prologue_n li._n 3._o f._n 458._o a._n a_o monk_n of_o gemeticum_n now_o jumegy_n a_o monastery_n in_o normandy_n abbreviate_v dudo_n and_o write_v the_o act_n of_o the_o succeed_a duke_n and_o b._n and_o the_o epistle_n to_o duke_n william_n f._n 215._o a._n b._n dedicate_v his_o work_n to_o william_n the_o conqueror_n the_o act_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o impute_v to_o he_o be_v probable_o write_v by_o some_o other_o sigebertus_n 1113._o sigebertus_n rob._n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr a._n 1113._o gemblacensis_fw-la a_o french_a man_n bear_v and_o benedictine_n monk_n of_o gemblour_n in_o brabant_n he_o write_v a_o chronography_n from_o the_o year_n 381_o to_o the_o year_n 1112_o in_o which_o he_o die_v it_o be_v continue_v by_o robert_n 150._o robert_n trithem_n p._n 150._o de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr to_o the_o year_n 1210._o paul_n the_o deacon_n or_o warnefrid_n a_o monk_n of_o cassino_n now_o st._n germano_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n by_o nation_n a_o italian_a or_o lombard_n 80._o lombard_n sigebert_n de_fw-fr script_n ecclesiast_fw-la c._n 80._o for_o his_o learning_n be_v call_v into_o the_o service_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o great_a florentius_n 66._o florentius_n bal._n the_o script_n ang._n cent._n 2._o c._n 66._o bavonius_n a_o monk_n of_o worcester_n write_v a_o general_a history_n from_o adam_n unto_o the_o year_n 1118_o which_o be_v continue_v unto_o the_o year_n 1141_o by_o another_o monk_n of_o the_o same_o monastery_n and_o die_v 1119._o 19_o o._n hen._n 1_o there_n eadmerus_n 12.199_o eadmerus_n selden_n praefat_fw-la ad_fw-la eadm_n f._n 1st_a ex_fw-la pit_n aetate_fw-la 12.199_o surname_v canter_n or_o chanter_n bear_v in_o england_n a_o monk_n of_o canturbury_n of_o the_o order_n of_o st._n benedict_n afterward_o abbot_n of_o st._n alban_n and_o last_o bishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n in_o scotland_n be_v a_o great_a friend_n and_o intimate_v of_o anselm_n archbishop_n of_o canturbury_n a_o companion_n with_o he_o in_o his_o exile_n and_o privy_a to_o all_o his_o counsel_n and_o action_n he_o be_v 1121._o be_v simon_n dunelm_n 1121._o make_v bishop_n of_o st._n andrews_n 1121_o in_o the_o 21_o st_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o hen._n 1_o st_o and_o be_v a_o monk_n of_o canturbury_n in_o the_o conqueror_n time_n be_v in_o the_o company_n and_o presence_n of_o archbishop_n lanfranc_n when_o he_o receive_v the_o first_o news_n of_o william_n death_n as_o he_o testify_v of_o himself_o f._n 3._o lin_v 42._o ordericus_n vitalis_n a_o monk_n etc._n monk_n f._n 548._o a._n 824._o a._n b._n etc._n etc._n of_o vticum_n or_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n ebrulf_n now_o st._n eurole_v in_o normandy_n bear_v in_o england_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1075._o and_o live_v 67_o year_n at_o norm_a at_o praefat._n ad_fw-la script_n norm_a eleven_o year_n old_a be_v enter_v into_o that_o monastery_n a._n d._n 1086._o and_o there_o live_v 56_o year_n his_o history_n be_v chief_o ecclesiastic_a but_o intermix_v with_o much_o secular_a story_n and_o continue_v unto_o the_o year_n of_o our_o lord_n 1121._o he_o die_v an._n dom._n 1142._o simon_n antiqu_n simon_n selden_n in_o prâ—fat_n ad_fw-la script_n x._o antiqu_n dunelmensis_n end_v his_o history_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1130._o in_o the_o 30_o the_o year_n of_o hen._n the_o 1_o st_z and_o die_v not_o long_o after_o he_o be_v a_o monk_n and_o precentor_n of_o that_o church_n of_o duresm_n and_o a_o learned_a man_n in_o that_o age_n but_o transcribe_v much_o out_o of_o florentius_n of_o worcester_n the_o continuer_n of_o florence_n fine_a florence_n by_o his_o own_o testimony_n f._n 672._o in_o fine_a a_o monk_n of_o the_o same_o monastery_n who_o continue_v his_o history_n from_o the_o year_n 1117_o to_o the_o year_n 1142_o he_o live_v and_o write_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n stephen_n william_n a_o benedictine_n monk_n of_o malmesbury_n dedicate_v his_o history_n to_o robert_n duke_n of_o gloucester_n natural_a son_n to_o henry_n the_o first_o who_o begin_v to_o reign_v anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1100_o and_o die_v 1135_o he_o write_v unto_o the_o year_n 1144_o as_o appear_v in_o his_o end_n his_o towards_o the_o late_a end_n novel_n he_o write_v from_o the_o first_o come_v in_o of_o the_o saxon_n to_o his_o own_o time_n henry_n archdeacon_n 192._o archdeacon_n balaeus_n f._n 192._o of_o huntingdon_n write_v a_o history_n of_o the_o king_n of_o england_n and_o retire_v to_o rome_n and_o live_v there_o some_o time_n for_o that_o purpose_n he_o be_v in_o his_o time_n account_v a_o learned_a man_n and_o continue_v his_o history_n unto_o the_o year_n 1154_o he_o flourish_v in_o the_o reign_v of_o henry_n the_o first_o and_o king_n stephen_n history_n after_o who_o death_n he_o only_o mention_n the_o come_n in_o of_o hen._n 2_o d._n and_o so_o end_v his_o history_n and_o take_v much_o of_o his_o history_n and_o transcribe_v in_o many_o place_n florence_n of_o worcester_n verbatim_o roger_n de_fw-fr hoveden_n fine_a hoveden_n selden_n in_o praesat_n x._o script_n antiq_fw-la he_o be_v one_o of_o the_o king_n domestic_a clerc_n ben._n abb._n p._n 60._o b._n in_o fine_a be_v a_o priest_n in_o oxford_n and_o a_o domestic_a in_o the_o court_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o in_o many_o or_o most_o thing_n he_o follow_v and_o transcribe_v simeon_n dunelmensis_n and_o add_v many_o thing_n out_o of_o other_o author_n and_o write_v well_o and_o faithful_o he_o write_v the_o annal_n and_o memorable_a passage_n of_o the_o roman_n saxon_n dane_n norman_n and_o english_a to_o his_o own_o time_n quadrilogus_fw-la or_o the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n entitle_v prologue_n entitle_v in_o the_o prologue_n de_fw-fr vita_fw-la &_o processu_fw-la sancti_fw-la thomae_fw-la cantuariensis_n &_o martyris_fw-la super_fw-la libertate_fw-la ecclesiastica_fw-la collect_v it_o out_o of_o four_o historian_n who_o be_v contemporary_n and_o conversant_a with_o he_o in_o his_o height_n of_o glory_n and_o low_a depression_n viz._n herbet_n de_fw-fr hoscham_n johannes_n carnotensis_n william_n a_o monk_n of_o canturbury_n and_o alan_n prior_n of_o tewksbury_n and_o they_o be_v bring_v in_o or_o name_v as_o relator_n of_o matter_n of_o fact_n interchangeable_o print_a at_o paris_n by_o master_n john_n philippi_n a_o alman_n in_o the_o street_n of_o saint_n james_n libri_fw-la in_o fine_a istius_fw-la libri_fw-la at_o the_o sign_n of_o st._n barbara_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1495_o on_o the_o second_o of_o april_n the_o page_n be_v not_o number_v nor_o but_o few_o of_o the_o chapter_n gervase_n the_o monk_n of_o canturbury_n commend_v his_o reader_n to_o three_o of_o these_o in_o his_o relation_n of_o the_o act_n of_o this_o thomas_n col._n 1637._o n._n 40._o for_o their_o further_a satisfaction_n viz._n to_o herbert_n john_n and_o william_n and_o in_o the_o act_n of_o the_o council_n of_o clarendon_n and_o northampton_n in_o labb_n tom._n 10._o col._n 1425._o 1433._o etc._n etc._n and_o other_o this_o book_n be_v much_o use_v by_o the_o name_n of_o quadripartita_fw-la historia_fw-la ranulphus_fw-la de_fw-la glanvill_n 2._o glanvill_n sub_fw-la effigy_n claud._n d._n 2._o chief_a justice_n of_o england_n in_o the_o time_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o write_v the_o lâ—gibus_fw-la &_o consuetudinibus_fw-la angliae_fw-la these_o in_o a_o ms._n book_n in_o cotton_n library_n be_v entitle_v henry_n the_o second_o law_n 20._o law_n hoved._n
f._n 390._o b.n._n 20._o he_o go_v with_o richard_n the_o first_o into_o the_o holy-land_n and_o die_v at_o the_o siege_n of_o acon_n a._n d._n 1190._o fitz-stephen_n or_o gulielmus_fw-la stephanides_n carnotensis_n stephanides_n pitsius_fw-la a_o d._n 1190._o this_o be_v write_v by_o johannes_n carnotensis_n be_v boâ—h_o one_o person_n and_o the_o very_a same_o with_o gulielmus_fw-la cantuariensis_n the_o monk_n of_o canturbury_n above_o mention_v he_o live_v in_o the_o year_n 1190_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o richard_n the_o first_o his_o book_n have_v this_o title_n vita_fw-la sancti_fw-la some_fw-mi archiepiscopi_fw-la &_o martyris_fw-la cantuariensis_n ecclesiae_fw-la and_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o cotion_n library_n under_o the_o effigy_n of_o julius_n a._n xi_o among_o other_o small_a piece_n p._n 113._o the_o life_n of_o thomas_n that_o go_v under_o the_o name_n of_o fitz-stephen_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v write_v by_o john_n carnotensis_n for_o in_o the_o quadripart_n history_n what_o be_v write_v from_o he_o be_v often_o in_o the_o same_o word_n in_o that_o life_n attribute_v to_o fitz-stephen_n and_o never_o in_o william_n of_o canturbury_n gul._n neubrig_n 330._o neubrig_n bellarmin_n de_fw-fr script_n ecclesiast_fw-la p._n 330._o be_v bear_v a._n d._n 1135._o and_o continue_v his_o history_n to_o a._n d._n 1197._o 8_o o._n ric._n 1._o gervasius_n dorobernensis_n 13._o dorobernensis_n selden_n praefat._n ad_fw-la authores_fw-la 10._o f._n 13._o a_o benedictine_n monk_n of_o canturbury_n he_o be_v live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n john_n anno_fw-la 1200_o and_o repute_v a_o very_a good_a historiographer_n have_v collect_v a_o great_a many_o historian_n from_o who_o he_o write_v british_a saxon_a and_o norman_a story_n he_o be_v make_v a_o monk_n by_o thomas_n becket_n and_o ordain_v for_o speak_v 10._o speak_v chron._n gervas_n col._n 1418._o n._n 10._o of_o the_o death_n of_o thomas_n and_o his_o own_o respect_n to_o he_o he_o say_v thus_o mihi_fw-la namque_fw-la monachatum_fw-la concessit_fw-la eo_fw-la anno_fw-la quo_fw-la ipse_fw-la fuit_fw-la in_o archiepiscopum_fw-la sacratus_fw-la &_o ei_fw-la professionem_fw-la feci_fw-la &_o ipse_fw-la i_o ad_fw-la sacros_fw-la ordines_fw-la promovit_fw-la benedictus_fw-la abbas_n be_v abbot_n xi_o abbot_n pitsius_fw-la in_o a._n 1200._o gesta_fw-la hen._n 2di_fw-la in_o bibliotheca_fw-la cotton_n jul._n a._n xi_o of_o peterburgh_n he_o write_v the_o act_n of_o henry_n the_o second_o and_o the_o life_n of_o thomas_n becket_n archbishop_n of_o canturbury_n and_o flourish_v in_o the_o year_n 1200_o he_o begin_v his_o history_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1170._o 16._o hen._n 2_o di_fw-mi gervasius_n tilb._n gervasius_n balaeus_n in_o genturia_n â—tia_fw-la de_fw-fr gervasio_n tilb._n tilburiensis_n or_o the_o suppose_a author_n of_o the_o red_a and_o black_a book_n in_o the_o exchequer_n de_fw-la necessariis_fw-la scaccarii_fw-la observandis_fw-la dedicate_v to_o henry_n the_o second_o have_v his_o name_n from_o tilbury_n a_o know_a town_n in_o essex_n seat_v upon_o or_o near_o the_o thames_n nephew_n of_o hen._n 2_o d._n and_o receive_v much_o of_o his_o knowledge_n of_o the_o chequer_n affair_n from_o the_o information_n a._n information_n vide_fw-la ipsum_fw-la lib._n ms._n in_o bibliotheca_fw-la caio-gonvil_a cantab._n f._n 41._o a._n of_o henry_n bishop_n of_o whinchester_n who_o be_v son_n to_o stephen_n earl_n of_o bloys_n by_o adela_n one_o of_o the_o conqueror_n daughter_n nephew_n to_o henry_n the_o first_o who_o give_v he_o the_o bishopric_n and_o brother_n to_o king_n stephen_n this_o ib._n this_o balaus_n ib._n gervasius_n be_v live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n john_n 1210._o he_o live_v in_o hen._n first_o his_o time_n ib._n 26._o b._n and_o have_v much_o of_o his_o knowledge_n of_o the_o chequer_n from_o roger_n bishop_n of_o salisbury_n ib._n f._n 27._o b._n and_o nigell_n bishop_n of_o ely_n fol._n 38._o a._n b._n who_o business_n he_o transact_v when_o infirm_a radulphus_fw-la de_fw-la diceto_fw-la 282._o diceto_fw-la pitsaeâ—s_n in_o that_o year_n p._n 282._o dean_n of_o st._n paul_n london_n flourish_v about_o the_o year_n 1210_o he_o be_v account_v a_o excellent_a historian_n and_o a_o very_a diligent_a collector_n in_o his_o time_n sylvester_n giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la 1210._o cambrensis_fw-la pitsius_fw-la a._n d._n 1210._o a_o welshman_n of_o the_o illustrious_a family_n of_o barry_n as_o he_o say_v of_o himself_o lib._n 1._o c._n 41._o he_o be_v first_o archdeacon_n of_o brecknok_n then_o of_o saint_n david_n and_o afterward_o archbishop_n of_o saint_n david_n he_o 168._o he_o hanmers_n chronicle_n of_o ireland_n f._n 168._o be_v many_o year_n a_o student_n beyond_o sea_n from_o whence_o hen._n 2_o d._n call_v he_o home_o make_v he_o his_o secretary_n and_o tutor_n or_o governor_n to_o his_o son_n john_n and_o send_v he_o with_o he_o into_o ireland_n see_v lib._n 2._o c._n 31._o among_o very_o many_o other_o work_v he_o write_v the_o topography_n or_o local_a description_n of_o ireland_n ib._n and_o the_o conquest_n of_o it_o by_o the_o english_a and_o write_v what_o he_o know_v and_o see_v as_o he_o testify_v of_o himself_o f._n 808._o lin_v 6._o he_o die_v at_o st._n david_n about_o the_o year_n 1210_o and_o be_v there_o bury_v he_o be_v to_o be_v find_v among_o the_o ancient_a writer_n of_o english_a norman_a irish_a and_o welsh_a matter_n put_v out_o by_o camden_n in_o one_o volume_n print_v at_o franckfort_n a._n d._n 1603_o in_o the_o proem_n of_o his_o second_o edition_n to_o st._n john_n f._n 811._o n._n 40._o he_o say_v he_o write_v when_o he_o be_v with_o he_o in_o ireland_n clear_o and_o distinct_o what_o have_v be_v do_v by_o all_o the_o great_a leader_n and_o person_n until_o they_o leave_v the_o nation_n henry_n de_fw-fr bracton_n reader_n bracton_n origin_n jurisd_v 10.56_o in_o the_o epistle_n to_o the_o reader_n a_o justice_n itinerant_n 29_o hen._n 3_o d._n a._n d._n 1245._o skill_v also_o in_o the_o civil_a law_n of_o the_o roman_n write_v this_o book_n towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o hen._n 3_o d._n of_o the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o england_n according_a to_o the_o method_n of_o justinian_o institution_n he_o also_o live_v and_o be_v a_o judge_n in_o edw._n 1_o st_o his_o time_n a_o survey_n of_o all_o the_o manner_n belong_v to_o the_o bishopric_n of_o ely_n make_v in_o the_o 32_o d._n of_o king_n henry_n 3_o d._n a._n d._n 1248._o chronica_fw-la normanniae_fw-la 977._o normanniae_fw-la scriptor_n norman_n f._n 977._o contain_v many_o thing_n refer_v to_o the_o english_a and_o french_a from_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 1139_o to_o the_o year_n 1259_o out_o of_o a_o old_a book_n in_o the_o library_n of_o the_o canon_n regular_a of_o st._n victor_n in_o paris_n publish_a among_o the_o old_a norman_a writer_n by_o andrew_n du_fw-fr chesn_a monte._n robert_n de_fw-fr monte._n print_a at_o paris_n 1619._o the_o matter_n and_o word_n of_o this_o chronicle_n unto_o the_o year_n 1161_o be_v take_v out_o of_o robert_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr who_o be_v abbot_n of_o the_o abbey_n de_fw-fr monte_fw-fr michaelis_fw-la in_o periculo_fw-la maris_fw-la of_o mount_n michael_n upon_o the_o seashore_n in_o the_o further_a part_n of_o normandy_n next_o britain_n he_o be_v esteem_v a_o learned_a man_n and_o live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n hen._n 2_o d._n he_o continue_v sigebertus_n gemblacensis_fw-la matthew_z paris_z 1640._o paris_z see_v the_o testimony_n of_o he_o before_o the_o edition_n at_o london_n 1640._o a_o monk_n of_o st._n alban_n be_v historiographer_n to_o hen._n 3_o d._n and_o receive_v a_o annual_a stipend_n from_o he_o he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1259_o and_o 43_o d._n of_o that_o king_n he_o be_v continue_v to_o the_o end_n of_o that_o reign_n as_o be_v suppose_v by_o william_n rishanger_n another_o monk_n of_o that_o abbey_n who_o be_v also_o the_o king_n historiographer_n and_o receive_v his_o stipend_n ibid._n ibid._n paris_z most_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o history_n transcribe_v roger_n mendover_n his_o predecessor_n historian_n also_o to_o the_o king_n and_o a_o monk_n of_o the_o same_o monastery_n he_o write_v to_o the_o year_n 1225_o and_o 20_o the_o of_o hen._n 3_o d._n john_n de_fw-fr bretton_n 2._o bretton_n pat._n 53._o h._n 3._o m._n 2._o one_o of_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o kings-bench_n in_o the_o 53_o d._n of_o hen._n 3_o d._n write_v a_o book_n in_o law_n french_a of_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n call_v breton_n at_o the_o command_n of_o edward_n the_o first_o 461.462_o first_o selden_n dissert_n in_o fletam_n p._n 461.462_o who_o have_v a_o purpose_n to_o make_v law_n certain_a and_o to_o be_v put_v in_o writing_n and_o therefore_o cause_v book_n to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o judge_n and_o other_o most_o know_v man_n in_o the_o law_n whereof_o this_o be_v one_o selden_n 459._o selden_n ib._n p._n 457.458_o 459._o affirm_v bracton_n and_o bretton_n to_o be_v the_o same_o person_n who_o name_n be_v
upon_o their_o people_n isle_n the_o saxon_n and_o franc_n invade_v the_o british_a isle_n and_o in_o the_o four_o consulate_v of_o the_o same_o emperor_n an._n dom._n 373._o 696._o 373._o chronicon_fw-la cassidori_n fol._n 696._o the_o saxon_n collect_v 47._o collect_v val._n rerum_fw-la fran._n libre_fw-la 1._o fol._n 47._o a_o great_a force_n of_o the_o german_n to_o have_v invade_v gallia_n and_o near_o the_o rhine_n about_o 80000_o of_o they_o be_v slay_v by_o the_o direction_n of_o valentinian_n neither_o do_v they_o only_o infest_v the_o coast_n and_o country_n of_o gallia_n but_o the_o british_a isle_n and_o wherever_o else_o they_o can_v make_v descent_n plunder_n and_o be_v the_o country_n and_o bring_v it_o under_o tribute_n live_v upon_o and_o enrich_v themselves_o by_o rapine_n and_o piracy_n saxon-shore_n piracy_n ann._n marcell_n lib._n 28._o c._n 7._o they_o become_v dreadful_a for_o the_o sudden_a invasion_n the_o count_n of_o the_o saxon-shore_n be_v the_o most_o dreadful_a of_o any_o people_n from_o their_o sudden_a invasion_n and_o therefore_o the_o roman_n appoint_v a_o officer_n to_o drive_v they_o away_o and_o secure_v the_o nation_n from_o their_o attempt_n call_v the_o count_n of_o the_o saxon_a shore_n throughout_o britain_n who_o have_v several_a garrison_n upon_o the_o coast_n of_o this_o nation_n supply_v with_o a_o sufficient_a number_n of_o horse_n and_o foot_n under_o his_o command_n for_o the_o performance_n of_o this_o service_n as_o be_v say_v before_o in_o the_o roman_a story_n we_o see_v here_o the_o franc_n be_v join_v with_o the_o saxon_n in_o râ—pine_n and_o piracy_n bede_n fol._n 58._o of_o his_o history_n add_v the_o jute_n and_o angli_fw-la to_o those_o which_o be_v invite_v into_o england_n and_o selden_n add_v to_o they_o the_o dane_n and_o frison_n saxon_n the_o dane_n and_o frison_n join_v with_o the_o saxon_n in_o his_o chronologie_n at_o the_o end_n of_o janus_n and_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v doubt_v but_o that_o under_o the_o name_n of_o saxon_n be_v comprehend_v many_o other_o people_n such_o as_o will_v join_v with_o they_o in_o rapine_n or_o piracy_n or_o such_o as_o they_o have_v subdue_v which_o by_o the_o conquer_a roman_n or_o their_o neighbour-nation_n be_v force_v to_o live_v for_o their_o own_o safety_n in_o island_n boggs_n and_o morass_n upon_o and_o near_o the_o coast_n of_o the_o german-sea_n germany_n saxonum_n gens_fw-la in_o oceani_fw-la littoribus_fw-la &_o paludibus_fw-la â—nviis_fw-la sita_fw-la orosius_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o saxon_n in_o germany_n from_o the_o river_n eydor_n in_o juteland_n to_o the_o elv_n and_o from_o thence_o to_o the_o rhine_n according_a to_o ethelwerd_n a_o ancient_a and_o noble_a saxon_a writer_n lib._n 1._o fol._n 474._o a._n n._n 30._o and_o that_o they_o be_v possess_v before_o their_o invasion_n of_o england_n and_o france_n of_o all_o jutland_n holsatia_n etc._n etc._n to_o the_o elv_n and_o all_o the_o coast_n from_o that_o river_n to_o the_o southermost_a mouth_n of_o the_o rhine_n and_o scheld_n cluverius_n in_o his_o three_o book_n antiq._n germ._n c._n 21._o and_o 23._o and_o mr._n sheringham_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr origine_fw-la gent._n angl._n c._n 2._o n._n 1._o and_o c._n 3._o n._n 1._o do_v both_o assert_v and_o these_o german_a people_n come_v hither_o under_o the_o name_n only_o of_o saxon_n or_o at_o least_o of_o saxon_n angli_fw-la and_o jute_n which_o be_v only_o report_v by_o our_o historian_n to_o have_v come_v with_o they_o may_v as_o well_o have_v be_v call_v almain_n as_o the_o collection_n of_o the_o several_a people_n of_o gallia_n allmannie_n almain_n why_o so_o call_v or_o rather_o allmannia_n allmannie_n who_o want_n and_o poverty_n have_v make_v dare_v and_o courageous_a which_o conquer_a the_o country_n in_o germany_n lie_v between_o the_o river_n rhine_n main_n and_o danube_n call_v after_o their_o conquest_n de_fw-fr allmane_a or_o die_v allemanner_n from_o this_o miscellaneous_n collection_n or_o convention_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o people_n by_o who_o it_o be_v conquer_a as_o agathias_n a_o approve_a author_n that_o live_v near_o the_o time_n of_o this_o transmigration_n of_o the_o gall_n into_o germany_n assure_v we_o lib._n 1._o scot_n ethelw_n lib._n 1._o seld._n dom._n sea_n 250._o the_o miscellaneous_n people_n of_o the_o saxon_n call_v into_o england_n against_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n this_o miscellaneous_n people_n thus_o know_v to_o the_o britain_n by_o their_o frequent_a spoil_n and_o harrass_v of_o the_o country_n near_o the_o seacoast_n for_o many_o year_n together_o be_v call_v into_o their_o assistance_n against_o the_o pict_n and_o scot_n when_o the_o roman_n leave_v this_o island_n and_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o it_o as_o be_v relate_v in_o the_o ensue_a history_n what_o their_o policy_n and_o government_n be_v and_o by_o what_o law_n and_o rule_n they_o govern_v here_o come_v next_o to_o be_v inquire_v into_o these_o as_o all_o other_o people_n at_o first_o live_v without_o write_a law_n and_o be_v guide_v by_o custom_n and_o usage_n only_o written-law_n the_o ancient_a roman_n live_v by_o custom_n rather_o than_o written-law_n as_o pompon_n in_o leg_n 2._o §_o 3._o de_fw-la origine_fw-la juris_fw-la speak_v of_o the_o ancient_a roman_n say_z they_o use_v rather_o a_o uncertain_a law_n and_o custom_n than_o any_o that_o be_v write_v and_o add_v that_o it_o be_v to_o be_v think_v the_o old_a longobard_n and_o saxon_n as_o be_v brother_n observe_v the_o same_o thing_n live_v in_o old_a time_n by_o custom_n without_o write_a law_n which_o agree_v with_o tacitus_n as_o before_o cite_v but_o more_o particular_o of_o the_o saxon_n after_o their_o come_n hither_o germany_n the_o saxon_n use_v only_o their_o own_o custom_n they_o bring_v out_o of_o germany_n selden_n affirm_v express_o that_o they_o receive_v not_o the_o caesarean_a or_o any_o other_o law_n but_o only_o use_v their_o own_o custom_n which_o they_o bring_v with_o they_o out_o of_o germany_n dissert_n ad_fw-la flet._n c._n 7._o p._n 505._o and_o when_o any_o nation_n or_o people_n begin_v to_o be_v more_o civilise_v and_o to_o write_v their_o law_n they_o be_v but_o the_o custom_n they_o have_v constant_o use_v unless_o the_o rude_a and_o barbarous_a tradition_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o pagan_n be_v by_o the_o first_o or_o ancient_a christian_a king_n alter_v or_o abolish_v lindenbrog_n prologomen_n in_o cod_n leg_n antiquarum_fw-la and_o more_o particular_o gryphiander_n civility_n gryphiander_n de_fw-fr weichbild_n saxon._n c._n 37._o n._n 4._o law_n increase_v with_o civility_n concern_v the_o saxon_n from_o crant_n lib._n 2._o c._n 21._o when_o as_o by_o time_n civility_n increase_v in_o the_o saxon_a nation_n the_o observation_n of_o law_n also_o increase_v thence_o it_o be_v that_o those_o thing_n which_o by_o long_a use_n have_v be_v approve_v be_v at_o length_n reduce_v into_o a_o code_n or_o book_n which_o unwritten_a tradition_n and_o usage_n i_o shall_v not_o prosecute_v as_o be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o write_a law_n of_o the_o german_n which_o be_v more_o ancient_a than_o any_o i_o find_v of_o the_o english_a saxon_n in_o this_o nation_n the_o first_o of_o the_o saxon_n here_o that_o i_o have_v meet_v with_o be_v those_o of_o ethelbert_n mention_v by_o bede_n lib._n 2._o c._n 5._o fol._n 120._o which_o he_o say_v roman_n ethelbert_n k._n of_o kent_n give_v law_n after_o the_o example_n of_o the_o roman_n according_a to_o the_o example_n of_o the_o roman_n he_o make_v by_o the_o counsel_n or_o advice_n of_o his_o wise_a man_n and_o that_o they_o be_v write_v in_o the_o english_a tongue_n and_o observe_v in_o his_o time_n i_o confess_v these_o law_n i_o have_v not_o see_v but_o they_o be_v note_v by_o the_o laborious_a and_o learned_a dugdale_n in_o his_o origin_n jurisd_v c._n 22._o but_o there_o can_v probable_o be_v much_o in_o they_o if_o any_o thing_n at_o all_o more_o than_o be_v in_o our_o saxon_a law_n publish_v by_o lambard_n for_o alured_n in_o the_o preface_n to_o his_o law_n say_v that_o by_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o wise_a man_n he_o collect_v what_o ever_o be_v worth_a notice_n out_o of_o the_o law_n of_o ethelbert_n ina_n and_o offa_n and_o cause_v they_o to_o be_v observe_v and_o omit_v the_o rest_n the_o beginning_n of_o ethelbert_n reign_n be_v fix_v in_o the_o year_n 561_o 561._o he_o begin_v his_o reign_n a._n d._n 561._o by_o this_o worthy_a author_n but_o according_a to_o bede_n account_n he_o begin_v his_o reign_n in_o 557._o for_o he_o die_v anno_fw-la dom._n 613._o and_o reign_v 56_o year_n king_n of_o kent_n as_o he_o report_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o chapter_n aforesaid_a the_o next_o law_n of_o the_o saxon_n i_o find_v any_o where_o be_v ina_n law_n ina_n law_n king_n of_o the_o west_n saxon_n print_v in_o lambert_n archaionomia_fw-la fol._n 1_o this_o king_n
begin_v his_o reign_n anno_fw-la dom._n 712_o and_o die_v 727._o ibid._n the_o rest_n of_o the_o law_n of_o the_o saxon_a and_o danish_a king_n follow_v in_o their_o succession_n of_o time_n unto_o the_o conquest_n of_o england_n by_o william_n duke_n of_o normandy_n have_v thus_o note_a the_o age_n and_o beginning_n of_o our_o saxon_a law_n i_o shall_v also_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o time_n when_o first_o the_o several_a german_a and_o french_a law_n be_v compose_v or_o reduce_v into_o write_v as_o they_o be_v publish_v by_o lindenbrogius_fw-la in_o his_o code_n of_o ancient_a law_n the_o first_o be_v the_o the_o east-france_n hotton_n in_o verb._n in_o diction_n feud_n salic-law_n why_o so_o call_v aâ—mon_n lib._n 2._o c._n 10._o gallia_n west-france_n germany_n east-france_n so_o call_v from_o the_o river_n sala_n in_o germany_n about_o which_o the_o eastern_a franc_n inhabit_v or_o probable_o near_o it_o hold_v their_o placita_fw-la and_o convention_n in_o which_o they_o make_v their_o law_n etc._n etc._n or_o from_o sal_fw-la or_o sala_n the_o same_o with_o aula_n a_o hall_n or_o court_n so_o that_o then_o salic-law_n be_v the_o royal_a or_o court-law_n salique_a law_n dictate_v to_o the_o the_o they_o be_v a_o stout_a people_n and_o inhabit_a no_n large_a country_n between_o the_o saxon_n and_o almain_n call_v franconia_n afterward_o they_o overrun_v all_o gallia_n and_o germany_n so_o that_o gallia_n be_v call_v west-france_n and_o germany_n east-france_n wendelin_n in_o his_o leges_fw-la salicae_fw-la illustratae_fw-la endeavour_n to_o prove_v the_o franc_n to_o have_v possess_v or_o inhabit_v the_o country_n of_o the_o aetuatici_n which_o he_o place_n in_o belgium_n or_o germany_n the_o less_o and_o in_o the_o province_n of_o brabant_n between_o the_o river_n tamar_n and_o lachar_n and_o the_o wood_n or_o forest_n call_v la_o forest_n charboniere_n make_v die_v the_o ancient_a sala_n hall_n or_o court_n of_o the_o king_n of_o the_o salic_a or_o noble_a franc_n and_o in_o his_o glossary_n of_o salique_a atuatic_a word_n he_o derive_v the_o word_n francus_n from_o the_o atuatic_a word_n vranghe_a or_o vranck_n yet_o in_o use_n in_o haspen_n 36._o haspen_n hottom_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la gryph_n weich_fw-ge bild_n saxon._n c._n 40._o n._n 5.8_o loccen_n antiq._n sueo-goth_n p._n 35_o 36._o or_o hasbania_n the_o neighbour_a country_n which_o signify_v stout_a cruel_a fierce_a austere_a etc._n etc._n and_o further_o that_o the_o name_n of_o the_o franc_n be_v never_o know_v beyond_o the_o rhine_n until_o the_o year_n 496._o when_v chlodouâ—us_n in_o a_o mighty_a victory_n at_o tolbiacum_n now_o zulick_n near_o colen_n subdue_v the_o almain_n who_o then_o leave_v off_o their_o own_o name_n and_o call_v themselves_o francones_n and_o their_o country_n franconia_n to_o obtain_v favour_n from_o their_o fierce_a and_o cruel_a conqueror_n and_o allay_v their_o severity_n franc_n by_o four_o of_o their_o nobility_n or_o chief_a man_n choose_v out_o of_o many_o other_o as_o sigebertus_n gemblac_n report_v in_o the_o year_n 422._o but_o under_o the_o prologue_n to_o these_o law_n it_o be_v say_v that_o charles_n king_n of_o france_n which_o be_v charlemaign_a order_v the_o small_a book_n write_v salic-law_n when_o first_o write_v or_o tract_n of_o the_o salique_a law_n to_o be_v write_v not_o but_o they_o be_v write_v before_o without_o doubt_n here_o only_o he_o intend_v they_o shall_v be_v make_v more_o public_a the_o next_o be_v the_o burgundian_n law_n give_v burgundian-law_n when_o first_o give_v establish_v by_o gundebald_a king_n of_o burgundy_n in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o his_o reign_n as_o be_v say_v in_o the_o preface_n to_o these_o law_n which_o be_v about_o the_o year_n 500_o as_o appear_v by_o greg._n turon_n lib._n 2._o c._n 32._o with_o the_o consent_n of_o his_o nobility_n or_o optimacy_n and_o be_v select_v out_o of_o some_o former_a constitution_n of_o his_o own_o and_o his_o parent_n or_o predecessor_n next_o follow_v the_o alaman_fw-mi boioarian_n or_o bavarian_n and_o ripuarian_a ripuarius_n ripuarian_a ripuarii_n be_v those_o people_n that_o inhabit_v the_o country_n between_o the_o river_n rhine_n mose_n and_o moselle_n from_o ripa_n a_o river_n bank_n whence_o riparius_n and_o ripuarius_n law_n which_o the_o prologue_n to_o the_o bavarian_a law_n say_v be_v give_v by_o king_n theoderic_n method_n boioarian_n or_o bavarian_a law_n when_o first_o give_v when_o the_o alaman_fw-mi and_o ripuarian_n the_o law_n of_o the_o west-goth_n when_o reduce_v into_o method_n or_o theiri_n king_n of_o austrasiae_fw-la almaniae_fw-la etc._n etc._n son_n of_o clodovaeus_n greg._n turon_n lib._n 3._o c._n 1._o who_o begin_v his_o reign_n anno_fw-la 514_o or_o 515._o helvicus_n a_o isaacson_n then_o the_o law_n of_o the_o wisigoth_n or_o west-goth_n a_o german_a people_n be_v reduce_v into_o some_o sort_n of_o method_n by_o euricus_fw-la or_o euridicus_fw-la or_o theodoricus_n about_o the_o year_n 500_o lindenbr_n in_o prolegom_n and_o receive_v many_o addition_n and_o much_o force_n from_o chindaswind_n and_o receswind_n king_n of_o these_o goth_n who_o begin_v their_o reign_n about_o the_o year_n 644_o and_o 650._o ll._n wisigoth_n lib._n 2._o tit._n 1._o leg_n 1.5_o 7_o 9_o about_o this_o time_n the_o law_n of_o the_o that_o the_o longobard_n from_o the_o latin_a word_n longus_n and_o the_o gothish_a word_n bard_n or_o bart_n a_o lance_n twoedged_n spear_n or_o halberd_n so_o call_v from_o the_o long_a lance_n or_o halberd_n which_o they_o use_v in_o war_n they_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o norwegian_n among_o who_o no_o other_o arm_n be_v more_o frequent_a than_o that_o longobard_n which_o be_v know_v by_o use_n and_o memory_n only_o write_v the_o longobard_n or_o lombard_n law_n when_o first_o write_v king_n rotharis_n who_o according_a to_o isaacson_n begin_v his_o reign_n anno_fw-la dom._n 638._o cause_v they_o to_o be_v put_v in_o order_n and_o write_v 70_o year_n after_o the_o lombard_n come_v into_o italy_n paulus_n diac._n hist_n longobard_fw-mi lib._n 4._o c._n 44._o law_n the_o saxon_n angles_n varin_n and_o frison_n law_n after_o these_o or_o rather_o of_o a_o incertain_a date_n be_v the_o saxon_a law_n the_o law_n of_o the_o angle_n varin_n and_o frison_n of_o which_o there_o be_v but_o few_o publish_v and_o therefore_o presume_v to_o be_v lose_v unless_o they_o make_v use_v of_o the_o law_n of_o some_o other_o nation_n with_o their_o own_o the_o capitulary_a of_o charlemaign_n ludovicus_n pius_n his_o son_n son_n the_o capitulary_a of_o charles_n the_o great_a ludor_fw-la pius_n his_o son_n and_o lothar_n he_o son_n and_o lotharius_n his_o son_n be_v collect_v by_o ansegisus_fw-la abbas_n lobiensis_fw-la afterward_o archbishop_n of_o sens_n trithemius_n p._n 120._o in_o the_o thirteen_o year_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o ludovicus_n pius_n and_o his_o son_n lotharius_n an._n dom._n 827._o as_o he_o find_v they_o disperse_v here_o and_o there_o in_o diverse_a membrane_n or_o parchment_n as_o he_o say_v in_o his_o preface_n to_o these_o law_n which_o he_o divide_v into_o four_o book_n eginhart_n in_o this_o matter_n say_v that_o after_o charlemaign_n be_v emperor_n he_o take_v notice_n that_o there_o be_v much_o want_v in_o the_o law_n of_o his_o people_n which_o he_o think_v to_o have_v add_v and_o reconcile_v the_o difference_n in_o they_o and_o to_o have_v correct_v the_o evil_a law_n but_o he_o do_v nothing_o more_o than_o add_v a_o few_o chapter_n to_o the_o law_n in_o be_v and_o those_o imperfect_a yet_o he_o cause_v the_o law_n of_o all_o nation_n under_o his_o dominion_n that_o be_v not_o write_v to_o be_v write_v p._n 32._o the_o three_o latter_a book_n of_o this_o capitulary_a be_v collect_v by_o benedict_n the_o levite_n from_o divers_a place_n and_o schedule_n but_o chief_o out_o of_o the_o archive_v of_o the_o metropolitical_a church_n of_o mentz_n whereunto_o he_o belong_v and_o as_o he_o note_v some_o chapter_n be_v to_o be_v find_v double_a or_o treble_a and_o some_o the_o same_o with_o those_o collect_v by_o ansegise_n because_o he_o find_v they_o in_o diverse_a schedule_n and_o have_v not_o time_n to_o correct_v or_o reduce_v they_o into_o order_n see_v his_o preface_n before_o the_o five_o book_n many_o different_a and_o almost_o contrary_a law_n there_o be_v in_o this_o capitulary_a and_o the_o other_o german_a constitution_n and_o be_v so_o because_o make_v by_o diverse_a emperor_n king_n and_o governor_n with_o their_o council_n at_o diverse_a time_n and_o in_o diverse_a country_n according_a to_o their_o several_a usage_n and_o be_v publish_v as_o they_o be_v find_v nor_o be_v there_o ever_o that_o i_o find_v a_o entire_a code_n pick_v out_o of_o all_o these_o law_n as_o charles_n the_o great_a without_o doubt_n design_v for_o a_o general_n law_n yet_o this_o capitulary_a which_o bear_v his_o name_n be_v call_v a_o edict_n germany_n the_o capitularie_n of_o charles_n
conqueror_n make_v domesday_n or_o the_o conqueror_n survey_v how_o make_v and_o it_o may_v not_o be_v much_o out_o of_o the_o course_n of_o our_o history_n to_o take_v notice_n how_o it_o be_v make_v and_o in_o what_o method_n write_v it_o be_v make_v by_o by_o mr._n selden_n give_v a_o account_n in_o his_o preface_n to_o 15._o to_o fol._n 15._o eadmer_n from_o a_o ancient_a manuscript_n he_o think_v as_o old_a as_o the_o survey_n itself_o of_o the_o name_n of_o the_o great_a man_n that_o be_v swear_v in_o divers_a hundred_o in_o cambridgeshire_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o ely_n which_o be_v most_o norman_n survey_n the_o juror_n iâ—_n cambridgeshirâ—_n and_o isle_n of_o ely_n at_o the_o make_n of_o the_o survey_n and_o present_v the_o survey_n according_a to_o the_o form_n the_o king_n have_v direct_v and_o comitatus_fw-la dicit_fw-la or_o testatur_fw-la hundreda_fw-la vel_fw-la wapentachium_n dicit_fw-la vel_fw-la testatur_fw-la again_o homines_fw-la qui_fw-la juraverunt_fw-la the_o man_n that_o be_v swear_v in_o this_o or_o that_o county_n hundred_o or_o wapentach_v do_v witness_n say_v and_o aver_v so_o and_o so_o concern_v divers_a matter_n in_o debate_n and_o controversy_n do_v often_o occur_v in_o the_o survey_n itself_o the_o the_o b._n the_o histor_n ellen._n penes_fw-la domini_fw-la gale_n p._n 177._o b._n in_o staplebou_n hund._n nich_n de_fw-fr chenet_n willielmus_fw-la de_fw-fr chipenham_n homo_fw-la gaufridi_fw-la hugo_n de_fw-fr herenluge_n warinus_n de_fw-fr saham_n robertus_fw-la anglicus_n de_fw-fr fordhom_n hordmerus_n de_fw-fr bethlingham_n alanus_n de_fw-fr burwell_n alfricus_n de_fw-fr sneillewelle_n isti_fw-la homines_fw-la juraverunt_fw-la de_fw-la isto_fw-la hundredo_fw-la in_o cestertuna_n hund._n juraverunt_fw-la roggerus_n de_fw-fr cilderlaio_n gifard_n de_fw-fr draitona_n gislebert_n the_o histona_n surmi_fw-fr de_fw-fr cotenâ—am_n brunningus_n de_fw-fr cestertuna_fw-la almer_n de_fw-fr coâ—enâ—am_n ledmarus_n de_fw-fr draitona_n aermus_n de_fw-fr gilderlaio_n &_o omnes_fw-la alii-franci_n &_o argli_n de_fw-fr hoc_fw-la hundredo_fw-la juraverunt_fw-la these_o two_o instance_n be_v cite_v out_o of_o the_o ancient_a manuscript_n mention_v by_o selden_n juror_n in_o every_o hundred_o of_o the_o county_n be_v note_v name_n of_o the_o juror_n in_o some_o hundred_o mention_v by_o mr._n selden_n exceed_v not_o the_o number_n of_o eight_o or_o nine_o in_o other_o beside_o those_o name_v all_o that_o be_v fit_a for_o the_o purpose_n be_v swear_v verdict_n or_o presentment_n of_o juries_n or_o certain_a person_n swear_v in_o every_o hundred_o wapentach_n or_o county_n before_o 29._o before_o ge_z be_fw-mi tilb._n lib._n 1._o b_o 29._o commissioner_n who_o be_v most_o discreet_a person_n and_o common_o norman_n send_v from_o court_n those_o for_o 2._o for_o dugd._n bâ—ron_n fol._n 257._o col._n 2._o worcestershire_n and_o many_o other_o county_n be_v be_v he_o be_v a_o monk_n 20._o monk_n malm_n de_fw-fr gest_n pontif._n f._n 165._o b._n n._n 20._o in_o the_o abbey_n of_o fischampe_n or_o fecampe_n in_o normandy_n and_o give_v great_a assistance_n unto_o william_n in_o his_o expedition_n into_o england_n 1â—_n england_n eadmer_n fol_z 7._o n_o 1â—_n for_o which_o he_o make_v a_o bargain_n with_o he_o to_o be_v make_v a_o bishop_n if_o he_o overcome_v remigius_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n walter_n giffard_n county_n giffard_n orderic_n fol._n 522._o c._n and_o other_o county_n earl_n of_o buckingham_n buckingham_n he_o be_v son_n d._n son_n ord._n vit._n fol._n 5â—2_n d._n of_o gualchelin_n de_fw-fr ferrariis_fw-la a_o stranger_n and_o a_o adventurer_n with_o the_o conqueror_n and_o be_v possess_v of_o 176_o lordship_n or_o manner_n whereof_o in_o derby_n in_o domesd_v in_o come_v derby_n darbyshire_n 114_o as_o before_o be_v note_v hen_n the_o ferrier_n earl_n of_o derby_n and_o and_o this_o rye_n this_o monast_n angl._n vol._n 2._o fol_z 889._o n._n 50_o 60.4_o ibid._n 900._o n._n 20._o adam_n three_o son_n of_o hubert_n de_fw-fr rye_n adam_n who_o have_v give_v he_o great_a possession_n in_o kent_n be_v three_o son_n to_o hubert_n de_fw-fr rye_n a_o trusty_a servant_n to_o william_n when_o duke_n of_o normandy_n and_o employ_v by_o he_o to_o edward_n the_o confessor_n in_o the_o business_n of_o declare_v he_o his_o successor_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n etc._n etc._n eudo_fw-la be_v his_o fourth_z son_n adam_n brother_n unto_o eudo_fw-la steward_n of_o the_o household_n or_o sewar_n to_o the_o king_n who_o inquire_v into_o and_o describe_v as_o well_o the_o possession_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o conqueror_n as_o of_o his_o great_a man_n worcestershire_n commissioner_n in_o worcestershire_n make_v worcestershire_n the_o book_n themselves_o how_o and_o of_o what_o thing_n the_o survey_n be_v make_v they_o note_v what_o and_o how_o much_o arable_a land_n pasture_n meadow_n and_o wood_n every_o man_n have_v and_o what_o be_v the_o extent_n and_o value_n of_o they_o before_o the_o conquest_n and_o at_o the_o present_a time_n the_o survey_n be_v make_v by_o county_n hundred_o town_n or_o manner_n hide_n half_a hide_n virgates_n and_o acre_n of_o land_n meadow_n pasture_n and_o wood._n also_o they_o note_v what_o mill_n and_o fishing_n and_o in_o some_o county_n what_o and_o how_o many_o freeman_n sockman_n villain_n bordar_n servant_n young_a cattle_n sheep_n hog_n work_v horse_n skep_v of_o bee_n etc._n etc._n in_o every_o town_n and_o manner_n and_o who_o they_o belong_v to_o always_o in_o every_o county_n set_v down_o themselves_o down_o the_o book_n themselves_o the_o king_n name_n first_o and_o after_o he_o all_o his_o great_a man_n in_o order_n that_o hold_v of_o he_o in_o chief_a with_o number_n place_v before_o they_o for_o the_o better_a find_v they_o in_o the_o book_n as_o may_v be_v 10._o be_v append._n n._n 10._o see_v in_o the_o catalogue_n of_o tenant_n in_o chief_a or_o the_o possessor_n of_o land_n at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o survey_n there_o follow_v all_o england_n except_o three_o county_n of_o westmoreland_n cumberland_n and_o northumberland_n yorkshire_n that_o part_n of_o lancashire_n between_o the_o river_n mersey_n and_o ribble_z be_v lay_v so_o and_o describe_v in_o cheshire_n the_o other_o part_n be_v describe_v in_o yorkshire_n be_v describe_v and_o part_n of_o wales_n and_o the_o description_n or_o survey_v write_v in_o two_o book_n call_v the_o great_a and_o little_a little_a call_v domesday-book_n why_o so_o call_v there_o be_v no_o recede_v from_o or_o avoid_v what_o be_v write_v in_o this_o book_n and_o therefore_o ob_fw-la hoc_fw-la as_o be_v as_o p._n 41._o b._n domesday_n from_o the_o saxon_a dome_n bordarii_n what_o they_o be_v gervase_n of_o tilbury_n say_v nos_fw-la cundem_fw-la librum_fw-la judiciarium_fw-la nominamus_fw-la non_fw-la quod_fw-la in_o eo_fw-la de_fw-la prepositis_fw-la aliquibus_fw-la dubiis_fw-la feratur_fw-la sententia_fw-la sed_fw-la quod_fw-la ab_fw-la eo_fw-la sicut_fw-la ab_fw-la ultimo_fw-la die_fw-la judicii_fw-la non_fw-la licet_fw-la ulla_fw-la ratione_fw-la descedere_fw-la domesday-book_n remain_v in_o the_o custody_n of_o the_o vicechamberlain_n of_o his_o majesty_n exchequer_n the_o little_a book_n contain_v only_o the_o county_n of_o norfolk_n suffolk_z and_o essex_n this_o survey_n be_v begin_v about_o the_o fourteen_o year_n of_o the_o conqueror_n and_o finish_v 450._o finish_v little_a domesday_n fol._n 450._o in_o the_o twenty_o of_o his_o reign_n anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 1086._o to_o make_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o entry_n in_o these_o book_n more_o clear_a i_o shall_v give_v one_o or_o two_o example_n easessa_n terra_fw-la regis_fw-la dimid_n hundred_o de_fw-fr witham_n witham_n tenuit_fw-la heraldus_n t._n r._n e._n pro_fw-la manner_n &_o pro_fw-la 5_o hidis_fw-la tunc_fw-la 21_o follow_v 21_o what_o these_o villain_n be_v see_v in_o the_o letter_n f_z hear_v follow_v villain_n modo_fw-la 15_o tunc_fw-la 9_o county_n in_o the_o appendix_n be_v two_o catalogue_n of_o all_o the_o ter-tenent_n or_o as_o they_o may_v be_v call_v proprietor_n name_n in_o this_o survey_n one_o alphabetical_a the_o other_o as_o they_o be_v find_v before_o the_o description_n of_o every_o county_n county_n bordarii_n from_o the_o french_a bordier_n a_o villain_n or_o cottager_n and_o that_o from_o board_n a_o little_a house_n or_o cottage_n in_o the_o field_n etc._n etc._n 28._o etc._n custum_fw-la norm_a gloss_n sup_v c._n 28._o bordage_n be_v a_o tenure_n where_o such_o a_o house_n or_o cottage_n be_v give_v to_o any_o one_o to_o do_v any_o base_a service_n for_o his_o lord_n as_o to_o be_v a_o executioner_n or_o hangman_n or_o other_o base_a service_n and_o he_o who_o have_v any_o thing_n give_v he_o after_o that_o manner_n can_v not_o sell_v give_v or_o engage_v it_o for_o that_o it_o be_v give_v he_o to_o hold_v after_o that_o form_n bordar_n modo_fw-la 10_o tunc_fw-la 6_o 6_o be_v servi_n what_o they_o be_v servi_n servants_z or_o rather_o slave_n for_o servus_n in_o classic_a author_n never_o signify_v otherwise_o be_v of_o glossary_a of_o spelm._n gloss_n fol._n 513._o col_fw-fr 2._o see_v more_o what_o
for_o the_o favour_n of_o man_n thou_o shall_v keep_v silent_a concern_v the_o honour_n of_o god_n i_o repent_v father_n pardon_v i_o i_o beseech_v you_o and_o absolve_v i_o from_o this_o fault_n from_o this_o hour_n i_o offer_v you_o myself_o and_o my_o kingdom_n he_o raise_v the_o king_n and_o absolve_v he_o within_o a_o few_o day_n it_o be_v hypocrisy_n be_v ibid._n &_o col._n 1407._o lin_v 1._o the_o design_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n his_o hypocrisy_n tell_v the_o king_n of_o france_n that_o the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v break_v all_o the_o covenant_n he_o have_v make_v with_o the_o poictovins_n and_o britan_n in_o the_o treaty_n at_o mount-mirall_a by_o his_o mediation_n whereupon_o he_o magnify_v thomas_n for_o what_o he_o have_v tell_v he_o concern_v the_o king_n of_o england_n who_o send_v to_o he_o 10._o he_o ib._n n._n 10._o to_o let_v he_o know_v that_o he_o much_o wonder_v he_o shall_v keep_v the_o archbishop_n in_o his_o country_n who_o have_v so_o contumacious_o refuse_v the_o peace_n offer_v unto_o he_o the_o king_n of_o france_n bid_v his_o envoye_n tell_v their_o master_n that_o see_v he_o stand_v so_o much_o upon_o custom_n which_o he_o call_v ancient_a he_o will_v not_o abate_v any_o thing_n of_o the_o ancient_a liberty_n of_o the_o king_n of_o france_n which_o be_v to_o relieve_v all_o banish_a person_n especial_o ecclesiastic_o now_o be_v the_o time_n of_o the_o arch-bishop_n thunder_v out_o his_o excommunication_n and_o urge_v the_o pope_n to_o interdict_v the_o kingdom_n the_o king_n of_o peace_n of_o ibid._n col._n 1408._o n._n 10._o the_o king_n of_o france_n mediates_n peace_n england_n and_o france_n meet_v again_o at_o the_o mont_n of_o martyr_n apud_fw-la montem_fw-la martyrum_fw-la and_o among_o other_o thing_n discourse_v of_o restore_v the_o archbishop_n king_n henry_n grant_v the_o archbishop_n shall_v return_v in_o peace_n and_o with_o security_n and_o enjoy_v his_o bishopric_n with_o the_o same_o liberty_n it_o can_v be_v make_v appear_v any_o of_o his_o predecessor_n enjoy_v it_o and_o promise_v to_o give_v 1000_o mark_n towards_o the_o expense_n of_o his_o return_n he_o demand_v 30000_o and_o say_v unless_o he_o restore_v what_o he_o have_v take_v away_o his_o sin_n can_v not_o be_v remit_v agree_v remit_v ib._n n._n 20_o 30_o 40._o all_o thing_n be_v agree_v but_o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o the_o great_a man_n of_o both_o kingdom_n persuade_v he_o to_o quit_v his_o demand_n when_o all_o thing_n be_v agree_v the_o archbishop_n by_o the_o pope_n command_v require_v caution_n for_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o peace_n when_o every_o one_o say_v a_o caution_n be_v not_o to_o be_v exact_v and_o that_o the_o kiss_v of_o peace_n archbishop_n the_o king_n of_o england_n excuse_v his_o not_o give_v the_o kiss_n of_o peace_n to_o the_o archbishop_n osculum_fw-la pacis_fw-la suffice_v which_o be_v intimate_v by_o 〈◊〉_d king_n of_o france_n to_o the_o king_n of_o england_n he_o say_v he_o will_v willing_o do_v it_o because_o in_o his_o anger_n he_o have_v public_o swear_v he_o will_v never_o kiss_v the_o archbishop_n although_o he_o shall_v make_v peace_n with_o he_o and_o receive_v he_o into_o favour_n and_o yet_o notwithstanding_o that_o he_o will_v not_o retain_v any_o rancour_n or_o malice_n against_o he_o the_o king_n of_o kiss_n of_o ibidem_fw-la he_o will_v not_o accept_v the_o peace_n without_o the_o kiss_n france_n and_o other_o mediator_n suspect_v poison_n in_o the_o fair_a word_n of_o the_o king_n report_v they_o as_o they_o be_v to_o the_o archbishop_n neither_o persuade_v one_o thing_n or_o other_o the_o archbishop_n will_v not_o accept_v the_o peace_n without_o the_o kiss_n and_o so_o all_o party_n go_v their_o several_a way_n without_o finish_v of_o the_o peace_n and_o the_o king_n of_o france_n send_v his_o letter_n and_o messenger_n with_o those_o of_o thomas_n to_o the_o pope_n beseech_v he_o will_v make_v no_o long_o delay_v in_o the_o sentence_n against_o he_o henry_n he_o ibidem_fw-la n._n 50_o 60._o the_o king_n of_o france_n and_o archbishop_n of_o sens_n excite_v the_o pope_n against_o king_n henry_n and_o the_o bishop_n of_o sens_n go_v in_o person_n to_o prevail_v with_o the_o pope_n to_o interdict_v england_n unless_o peace_n be_v restore_v to_o the_o church_n whereof_o king_n henry_n have_v notice_n send_v into_o england_n a_o severe_a edict_n or_o precept_n 54._o precept_n append._n n._n 54._o against_o bring_v into_o it_o any_o letter_n or_o mandate_n from_o the_o pope_n or_o archbishop_n relate_v to_o a_o interdict_v make_v all_o both_o old_a and_o young_a swear_v to_o the_o 60._o the_o chron._n gervas_n ut_fw-la supra_fw-la n._n 60._o observation_n of_o every_o article_n on_o the_o christmas_n the_o ibidem_fw-la col._n 1410._o l._n 5._o a._n d._n 1170._o these_o old_a monk_n begin_v the_o year_n at_o christmas_n three_o of_o march_n a._n d._n 1170._o king_n henry_n land_v in_o england_n the_o pope_n hear_v of_o his_o passage_n thither_o lose_v the_o church_n may_v any_o long_o suffer_v wrong_a he_o renew_v his_o mandate_n nation_n mandate_n ibidem_fw-la n._n 10._o the_o pope_n send_v the_o archbishop_n of_o roven_n and_o bishop_n of_o nevers_n into_o england_n that_o if_o the_o king_n submit_v not_o to_o interdict_v his_o nation_n to_o the_o archbishop_n of_o roven_n and_o lord-bishop_n of_o â—evers_n command_v they_o if_o it_o be_v needful_a to_o pass_v over_o into_o england_n and_o admonish_v the_o king_n of_o peace_n which_o epistle_n or_o mandate_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o 5_o the_o book_n of_o quadrilogus_fw-la and_o in_o the_o appendix_n n._n 57_o by_o it_o they_o be_v enjoin_v by_o virtue_n of_o their_o obedience_n within_o twenty_o day_n after_o the_o receipt_n thereof_o to_o hasten_v to_o the_o king_n and_o if_o he_o will_v not_o make_v full_a restitution_n of_o his_o possession_n to_o the_o archbishop_n and_o other_o and_o also_o kiss_v he_o or_o if_o he_o use_v any_o art_n or_o shuffle_n than_o they_o be_v by_o st._n peter_n authority_n and_o he_o to_o pronounce_v the_o sentence_n of_o interdict_v without_o contradiction_n of_o appeal_n against_o england_n and_o they_o be_v to_o prohibit_v the_o celebration_n of_o all_o divine_a office_n except_o the_o baptism_n of_o infant_n and_o penance_n to_o die_a people_n and_o if_o the_o arch-bishop_n and_o bishop_n do_v not_o observe_v the_o edict_n and_o cause_v those_o under_o their_o care_n to_o observe_v it_o they_o be_v to_o suspend_v they_o and_o upon_o neglect_n afterward_o to_o excommunicate_v they_o it_o bear_v date_n the_o 10_o the_o of_o may._n about_o the_o middle_n of_o peace_n of_o ibidem_fw-la col._n 1411._o n._n 60._o by_o letter_n they_o acquaint_v the_o king_n with_o the_o pope_n command_n he_o stay_v they_o beyond_o sea_n and_o promise_v to_o come_v over_o to_o they_o and_o make_v peace_n june_n be_v ready_a for_o their_o journey_n the_o king_n receive_v letter_n from_o they_o in_o which_o they_o acquaint_v he_o with_o the_o command_n they_o have_v from_o the_o pope_n he_o write_v back_o to_o they_o not_o to_o expose_v themselves_o to_o the_o danger_n of_o the_o sea_n promise_v he_o will_v sudden_o be_v with_o they_o and_o consent_n to_o a_o peace_n with_o the_o archbishop_n by_o their_o advice_n hoveden_n kingdom_n hoveden_n f._n 295._o a._n n._n 10.20_o king_n henry_n fear_v a_o interdict_v and_o appeal_v to_o the_o pope_n for_o himself_o and_o kingdom_n say_v in_o the_o year_n of_o grace_n 1169._o king_n henry_n fear_v lest_o thomas_n shoul_n pronounce_v sentence_n of_o excommunication_n against_o his_o person_n and_o of_o inderdict_n against_o his_o kingdom_n appeal_v for_o himself_o and_o kingdom_n to_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o pope_n and_o send_v messenger_n to_o request_v he_o to_o send_v one_o or_o two_o legate_n to_o hear_v the_o cause_n between_o he_o and_o the_o archbishop_n and_o to_o determine_v it_o to_o the_o honour_n of_o god_n and_o holy_a church_n and_o that_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n such_o as_o be_v excommunicate_v may_v be_v absolve_v the_o he_o the_o append._n n._n â—5_n the_o pope_n answer_n to_o he_o pope_n write_v back_o to_o he_o that_o he_o have_v receive_v his_o messenger_n john_n cumin_n and_o ralph_n de_fw-fr tamworth_n and_o promise_v he_o will_v send_v legate_n with_o full_a power_n to_o hear_v and_o determine_v the_o cause_n and_o declare_v that_o if_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o archbishop_n shall_v denounce_v any_o sentence_n against_o he_o secret_a in_o which_o he_o make_v he_o kind_a promise_n that_o be_v to_o be_v keep_v secret_a or_o his_o kingdom_n or_o any_o person_n thereof_o it_o shall_v be_v void_a and_o then_o desire_v he_o to_o make_v these_o letter_n a_o great_a secret_a and_o not_o to_o show_v or_o let_v any_o one_o know_v of_o they_o but_o in_o great_a necessity_n and_o promise_v that_o his_o
and_o such_o modern_a writer_n as_o have_v since_o follow_v they_o he_o profess_v himself_o the_o champion_n of_o church-liberty_n and_o by_o that_o mean_v make_v himself_o the_o darling_n and_o favourite_n of_o those_o man_n and_o the_o whole_a clergy_n and_o they_o give_v he_o a_o character_n and_o transmit_v his_o memory_n to_o posterity_n according_o though_o real_o he_o be_v the_o great_a hypocrite_n and_o traitor_n that_o have_v be_v hear_v of_o in_o that_o age._n the_o old_a bone_n of_o contention_n the_o feudal_n or_o military_a law_n and_o tenor_n be_v now_o take_v away_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n and_o the_o judge_n without_o contradiction_n possess_v of_o a_o power_n to_o intrepret_v the_o law_n as_o it_o now_o stand_v the_o free_a use_n whereof_o be_v deny_v to_o no_o man_n as_o to_o his_o property_n it_o can_v be_v invade_v for_o in_o any_o controversy_n with_o the_o king_n he_o may_v have_v equal_a justice_n as_o if_o it_o be_v with_o a_o ordinary_a person_n and_o as_o to_o liberty_n no_o man_n can_v suffer_v a_o long_a confinement_n unless_o it_o be_v by_o law_n direct_v for_o some_o very_a heinous_a crime_n by_o time_n and_o the_o concession_n of_o our_o king_n the_o subject_n of_o this_o government_n have_v and_o may_v enjoy_v all_o freedom_n and_o happiness_n that_o sober_a rational_a man_n can_v desire_v and_o such_o as_o be_v no_o where_o to_o be_v find_v but_o in_o this_o island_n and_o the_o dominion_n to_o it_o belong_v nor_o can_v any_o man_n that_o love_v his_o prince_n or_o country_n wish_v for_o any_o other_o than_o the_o present_a constitution_n it_o be_v a_o sad_a return_n of_o ingrateful_a man_n pretend_v to_o purity_n of_o religion_n and_o the_o most_o refine_a christianity_n to_o christian_a prince_n for_o their_o indulgence_n to_o and_o protection_n of_o they_o for_o the_o great_a immunity_n and_o privilege_n grant_v to_o they_o to_o take_v all_o occasion_n and_o opportunity_n to_o requite_v they_o with_o affront_v and_o rudeness_n with_o seditious_a and_o disloyal_a practice_n to_o the_o disturbance_n of_o the_o peace_n and_o quiet_a of_o the_o nation_n and_o also_o shed_v the_o innocent_a blood_n of_o the_o people_n by_o god_n almighty_a commit_v to_o their_o charge_n for_o here_o never_o be_v pact_n between_o king_n and_o people_n nor_o fundamental_a term_n of_o government_n agree_v between_o they_o nor_o indeed_o ever_o be_v there_o or_o be_v it_o possible_a for_o any_o such_o thing_n to_o be_v in_o any_o nation_n of_o the_o world_n matter_n of_o fact_n so_o long_o as_o we_o have_v any_o memorial_n of_o it_o in_o these_o kingdom_n show_v the_o contrary_a and_o i_o shall_v be_v very_o thankful_a to_o any_o man_n and_o give_v he_o leave_v to_o reprove_v i_o that_o can_v produce_v any_o other_o than_o what_o be_v here_o deliver_v from_o author_n of_o the_o same_o credit_n and_o such_o as_o live_v in_o or_o very_o near_o the_o time_n when_o the_o thing_n be_v do_v through_o the_o whole_a course_n of_o the_o history_n i_o have_v not_o labour_v after_o a_o exact_a and_o even_o style_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v expect_v where_o there_o be_v such_o variety_n of_o matter_n and_o where_o man_n be_v confine_v to_o and_o limit_v by_o the_o translation_n of_o other_o man_n language_n there_o be_v nothing_o my_o own_o but_o the_o method_n and_o version_n and_o whether_o the_o last_o be_v faithful_a and_o just_a as_o it_o ought_v to_o be_v i_o submit_v myself_o to_o the_o censure_n of_o the_o impartial_a reader_n nor_o have_v i_o make_v any_o reflection_n or_o politic_a observation_n upon_o what_o i_o have_v write_v from_o the_o relation_n of_o other_o which_o some_o be_v so_o much_o in_o love_n with_o as_o they_o esteem_v nothing_o to_o be_v history_n without_o they_o let_v these_o man_n enjoy_v their_o opinion_n it_o may_v be_v other_o will_v think_v that_o they_o serve_v only_o to_o pervert_v and_o disguise_n matter_n of_o fact_n and_o make_v history_n romantic_a and_o that_o such_o as_o can_v understand_v it_o without_o they_o can_v make_v no_o right_a use_n of_o it_o with_o they_o at_o the_o court_n at_o whitehall_n july_n 13_o 1685._o let_v this_o book_n be_v print_v sunderland_n the_o general_a preface_n to_o the_o roman_n original_o all_o europe_n be_v oblige_v for_o the_o civility_n literature_n law_n and_o government_n it_o now_o enjoy_v who_o inhabit_a wheresoever_o they_o conquer_a and_o strengthen_v their_o province_n two_o way_n by_o colony_n and_o garrison_n 6._o l._n lip_n de_fw-fr magnitud_n rom._n imper._n c._n 6._o every_o colony_n be_v a_o image_n and_o representation_n of_o rome_n itself_o with_o like_a holy_a rite_n like_o court_n law_n temple_n and_o place_n of_o public_a commerce_n and_o for_o the_o most_o part_n govern_v by_o by_o duumviri_fw-la from_o the_o number_n two_o because_o there_o be_v two_o of_o they_o be_v panciroll_n de_fw-fr magistrate_n municipal_a c._n 8._o duumviri_fw-la why_o so_o call_v their_o office_n ibid._n c._n 1._o decurion_n what_o they_o be_v ibid._n c._n 19_o aediles_z what_o they_o be_v rosin_n antiq._n lib._n 7._o c._n 11._o praetor_n what_o they_o be_v ibid._n c._n 43._o provincial_n praetor_n what_o they_o be_v ibid._n c._n 4â—_n quaestor_n what_o they_o be_v after_o the_o example_n of_o the_o roman_a consul_n they_o be_v the_o judge_n and_o chief_a officer_n in_o their_o city_n corporation_n or_o municipal_a town_n unless_o the_o particular_a custom_n of_o any_o place_n be_v otherwise_o their_o camp_n and_o village_n not_o have_v such_o yet_o sometime_o a_o single_a person_n have_v this_o title_n and_o execute_v soley_n the_o office_n of_o both_o sometime_o a_o great_a number_n than_o two_o as_o in_o our_o city_n and_o corporation_n sometime_o a_o major_n sometime_o bailiff_n be_v the_o chief_a magistrate_n duumviri_fw-la in_o stead_n of_o consul_n corporation_n consul_n so_o call_v because_o in_o the_o first_o settle_v of_o colony_n every_o ten_o man_n be_v assign_v and_o choose_v out_o for_o the_o common_a council_n they_o be_v as_o the_o alderman_n twenty_o four_o forty_o eight_o and_o common_a council_n man_n in_o our_o corporation_n decurion_n in_o place_n of_o a_o senate_n beautiful_a senate_n from_o aedes_fw-la so_o name_v because_o at_o first_o they_o have_v the_o care_n of_o sacred_a house_n and_o temple_n and_o afterward_o of_o bargain_n and_o thing_n sell_v that_o there_o may_v be_v no_o cheat_n and_o that_o what_o be_v expose_v to_o sale_n may_v not_o be_v vitiate_a or_o corrupt_v they_o also_o have_v the_o inspection_n of_o way_n street_n rivers_n aqueduct_n sink_n ordinary_a and_o common_a house_n etc._n etc._n that_o all_o of_o they_o may_v be_v keep_v neat_a and_o clean_a and_o in_o excellent_a repair_n that_o so_o the_o whole_a may_v appear_v decorous_a and_o beautiful_a aediles_z and_z other_o municipal_a officer_n beside_o this_o of_o strength_n and_o safety_n there_o be_v other_o reason_n and_o advantage_n after_o rome_n be_v much_o augment_v for_o the_o institution_n of_o colony_n as_o send_v forth_o the_o superfluous_a multitude_n the_o poor_a and_o burdensome_a comunalty_n provide_v reward_n for_o super-annuated_n and_o overworn_a soldier_n the_o teach_n of_o art_n cultivate_v and_o civilise_v the_o barbarous_a people_n when_o the_o roman_n have_v subdue_v all_o italy_n and_o bring_v under_o their_o power_n many_o other_o country_n 98._o not._n imp._n or_o c._n 98._o which_o they_o call_v province_n they_o send_v into_o every_o one_o of_o these_o a_o praetor_n or_o general_n to_o govern_v it_o and_o when_o afterward_o by_o a_o further_a progress_n of_o arm_n their_o dominion_n be_v much_o more_o enlarge_a they_o rule_v the_o great_a province_n by_o consul_n by_o such_o as_o have_v bear_v the_o office_n of_o consul_n proconsul_n the_o lesser_a by_o praetor_n and_o time_n and_o consul_n be_v at_o first_o call_v praetor_n but_o when_o the_o consul_n be_v call_v abroad_o by_o war_n or_o other_o great_a business_n from_o the_o city_n than_o be_v praetor_n first_o erect_v to_o do_v justice_n in_o their_o absence_n he_o be_v the_o guardian_n or_o keeper_n of_o the_o civil_a law_n the_o provincial_a praetor_n such_o as_o here_o mention_v give_v sentence_n according_a to_o law_n he_o be_v a_o judge_n or_o chief_a justice_n and_o in_o urgent_a occasion_n manage_v the_o whole_a affair_n of_o war_n praetor_n be_v various_a and_o their_o office_n also_o various_a according_a to_o the_o diversity_n of_o time_n emperor_n time_n quaestor_n be_v treasurer_n or_o receiver_n and_o expenditor_n of_o the_o public_a money_n at_o first_o afterward_o they_o have_v other_o power_n as_o the_o hear_v and_o determine_v cause_n etc._n etc._n and_o in_o the_o decline_a empire_n be_v as_o chancellor_n to_o the_o emperor_n quaestor_n but_o when_o augustus_n be_v make_v emperor_n he_o change_v the_o form_n of_o the_o commonwealth_n commonwealth_n ibid._n augustus_n change_v the_o form_n of_o the_o
38_o 40._o german_n law_n ll._n saxon._n c._n 1._o anglor_n and_o werin_n tit._n 1_o 2_o 3_o 4_o 5._o ll._n boioar._n tit._n 3._o addit_fw-la ll._n fris_n tit._n 3._o throughout_o trespass_n ibid._n tit._n 4_o 5_o 7._o boioar._n tit._n 9_o 10_o 11._o throughout_o ll._n inae_fw-la c._n 42._o injury_n ll._n anglor_n &_o werin_n tit._n 12._o ll._n wisigoth_n lib._n 8._o tit._n 3_o and_o 4._o salique_a tit._n 18._o alum_n tit._n 81._o ll._n longobard_fw-mi lib._n 1._o tit._n 17._o §_o 1._o in_o we_o ll._n canut_n c._n 16._o ll._n inae_fw-la c._n 9_o and_o in_o many_o other_o english_a saxon_a law_n in_o all_o these_o the_o law_n be_v the_o same_o though_o different_a in_o the_o mulct_n or_o penalty_n from_o these_o we_o proceed_v to_o a_o parallel_n between_o the_o possessionary_a law_n of_o the_o english-saxons_a and_o the_o german_n that_o be_v theft_n the_o law_n for_o enter_v upon_o and_o take_v away_o another_o man_n estate_n be_v restitution_n and_o punishment_n theoderic_n begin_v his_o reign_n an._n 495._o take_v away_o another_o man_n good_n be_v theft_n the_o law_n by_o which_o they_o hold_v what_o they_o possess_v either_o land_n or_o good_n or_o the_o law_n of_o meum_fw-la and_o tuum_fw-la if_o any_o man_n seize_v or_o take_v away_o another_o good_n or_o estate_n he_o common_o make_v restitution_n and_o suffer_v a_o mulct_n for_o breach_n of_o peace_n ll._n alured_n c._n 16._o edict_n theoder_n c._n 10._o capit._fw-la car._n lib._n 5._o c._n 204._o ll._n wisigoth_n lib._n 8._o tit._n 3_o and_o 4._o but_o seize_v taking_z or_o detain_v other_o man_n good_n be_v in_o these_o age_n repute_v a_o sort_n of_o theft_n and_o the_o law_n be_v according_o these_o mulct_n be_v pay_v in_o cattle_n and_o other_o good_n value_v at_o a_o certain_a rate_n both_o here_o and_o in_o germany_n ll._n alured_n c._n 10._o ll._n saxon._n tit._n 18._o the_o rate_n how_o the_o german_n value_v their_o good_a do_v here_o follow_v as_o express_v in_o their_o law_n solidus_fw-la est_fw-la duplex_fw-la unus_fw-la habet_fw-la dvos_fw-la tremiss_n qui_fw-la est_fw-la bos_fw-la anniculus_fw-la 12_o mensium_fw-la vel_fw-la ovis_fw-la cum_fw-la agno_fw-la alter_fw-la solidus_fw-la 3_o tremiss_n id_fw-la est_fw-la bos_fw-la 16_o mensium_fw-la grain_n the_o rate_n of_o the_o german-cattel_n and_o grain_n majori_fw-la solido_fw-la aliae_fw-la compositiones_fw-la minori_fw-la homicidia_fw-la componuntur_fw-la westfalaiorum_fw-la &_o angrariorum_n &_o ostfalaiorum_fw-la solidus_fw-la est_fw-la secalis_fw-la bushel_n secalis_fw-la lindenbrogius_fw-la interpret_v this_o word_n no_o otherwise_o then_o that_o he_o say_v it_o be_v a_o usual_a measure_n among_o the_o german_n and_o certain_o be_v no_o more_o if_o so_o much_o as_o our_o bushel_n sceffila_n 30_o ordei_fw-la 40_o avenae_fw-la 60_o quadrinius_fw-la bos_fw-la 2_o solid_a 2_o boves_fw-la quibus_fw-la arari_fw-la potest_fw-la 5_o solid_a bos_n bone_fw-la 3_o solid_n vacca_n cum_fw-la vitali_fw-la solid_a duo_fw-la semis_fw-la that_o be_v there_o be_v a_o twofold_a shilling_n one_o of_o two_o tremiss_n or_o three_o that_o be_v eight_o penny_n which_o be_v a_o yearling_n steer_v of_o 12_o month_n the_o other_o shilling_n of_o three_o tremiss_n or_o three_o three_o which_o be_v twelve_o penny_n that_o be_v 8._o solid_n 12._o dena_fw-la capit_fw-la lib._n 8._o a_o steer_v 16_o month_n old_a other_o mulct_n or_o composition_n be_v pay_v by_o the_o great_a shilling_n those_o for_o homicide_n or_o mankilling_n by_o the_o less_o the_o shilling_n of_o the_o westfalian_o angrarians_n and_o ostfalians_n be_v bushel_n be_v lindenbrogius_fw-la interpret_v this_o word_n no_o otherwise_o then_o that_o he_o say_v it_o be_v a_o usual_a measure_n among_o the_o german_n and_o certain_o be_v no_o more_o if_o so_o much_o as_o our_o bushel_n 30_o scheffil_n of_o rye_n 40_o of_o barley_n and_o 60_o of_o oat_n a_o steer_v 4_o year_n old_a 2_o shilling_n 2_o plough-steer_n 5_o shilling_n a_o good_a ox_n 3_o shilling_n a_o cow_n with_o her_o calf_n 2_o shilling_n and_o half_a and_o more_o clear_o in_o the_o ripuarian_a law_n tit._n 26._o §_o 11._o si_fw-mi quis_fw-la weregildum_n solvere_fw-la debet_fw-la bovem_fw-la cornutum_fw-la videntem_fw-la &_o sanum_fw-la pro_fw-la duobus_fw-la solid_a tribuat_fw-la vaccam_fw-la cornutam_fw-la videntem_fw-la &_o sanam_fw-la pro_fw-la uno_fw-la solido_fw-la tribuat_fw-la arm_n the_o rate_n of_o horse_n of_o arm_n equum_fw-la videntem_fw-la &_o sanum_fw-la pro_fw-la 6_o solid_a tribuat_fw-la equam_fw-la videntem_fw-la &_o sanam_fw-la pro_fw-la tribus_fw-la solid_a tribuat_fw-la spatham_n cum_fw-la scogilo_fw-la pro_fw-la 7_o solid_a tribuat_fw-la spatham_n absque_fw-la scogilo_fw-la pro_fw-la tribus_fw-la solid_a tribuat_fw-la bruniam_fw-la bonam_fw-la pro_fw-la 12_o solid_n tribuat_fw-la helmum_fw-la cum_fw-la directo_fw-la pro_fw-la 6_o solid_a tribuat_fw-la banibergas_fw-la bonas_fw-la pro_fw-la 6_o solid_n tribuat_fw-la scutum_fw-la cum_fw-la lanceâ_fw-la pro_fw-la duobus_fw-la solid_a tribuat_fw-la hawk_n of_o hawk_n acceptorem_fw-la non_fw-la domitum_fw-la pro_fw-la 3_o solid_a tribuat_fw-la commorsum_fw-la gruarium_fw-la pro_fw-la 6_o solid_a tribuat_fw-la acceptorem_fw-la mutatum_fw-la pro_fw-la 12_o s._n tribuat_fw-la that_o be_v he_o who_o ought_v to_o pay_v his_o weregild_n may_v give_v a_o horn_a sound_n and_o see_v steer_v for_o 2_o s._n a_o horn_a sound_n and_o see_a cow_n for_o 1_o s._n a_o see_v and_o sound_a horse_n for_o 6_o s._n a_o mare_n of_o like_a condition_n for_o 3_o s._n a_o sword_n with_o a_o hilt_n or_o handle_v for_o 7_o s._n a_o sword_n without_o a_o handle_n for_o 3_o s._n a_o good_a coat_n of_o mail_n for_o 12_o s._n a_o helmet_n without_o a_o beauvoir_n or_o belvoir_n for_o 6_o s._n armour_n for_o the_o thigh_n for_o 6_o s._n a_o shield_n or_o buckler_n with_o a_o lance_n for_o 2_o s._n a_o untrained_a hawk_n for_o 3_o s._n a_o crane-hawk_n for_o 6_o s._n a_o mewed-hawk_n he_o may_v give_v for_o 12_o s._n etc._n a_o insolvent_a freeman_n enter_v into_o servitude_n a_o insolvent_a servant_n or_o slave_n be_v whip_v etc._n etc._n if_o a_o freeman_n have_v not_o wherewithal_o to_o satisfy_v he_o enter_v into_o servitude_n while_o he_o have_v give_v satisfaction_n ll._n longobard_v lib._n 1._o tit._n 14._o c._n 10.13_o capit._fw-la 3_o tit._n 67._o ll._n alured_n cap._n 10._o ibid._n tit._n 25._o c._n 60._o faed_n ed._n guth_n c._n 7._o if_o a_o servant_n or_o slave_n and_o can_v not_o pay_v or_o his_o patron_n will_v not_o pay_v for_o he_o he_o be_v whip_v cudgel_v or_o beat_v with_o so_o many_o lash_n blow_n and_o stripe_n as_o the_o law_n direct_v ll._n inae_fw-la c._n 49._o faedus_fw-la ed._n and_o guthrini_n c._n 7_o 8._o ll._n ethelstani_fw-la c._n 19_o and_o in_o the_o german_a law_n in_o place_n sans_o number_n peace_n every_o where_n the_o punishment_n and_o rate_n for_o all_o fault_n be_v set_v down_o in_o a_o book_n keep_v by_o the_o magistrate_n the_o german_n have_v a_o doom-book_n wherein_o be_v note_v the_o composition_n every_o man_n be_v to_o make_v to_o the_o person_n injure_v and_o to_o the_o emperor_n for_o breach_n of_o peace_n these_o mulct_n for_o all_o these_o offence_n be_v set_v down_o in_o a_o book_n which_o be_v the_o rule_n or_o standard_n of_o the_o judge_n sentence_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d ll._n edovar_n in_o praefat_fw-la and_o as_o it_o stand_v in_o their_o dome_n or_o judgment-book_n again_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d let_v they_o compound_v or_o give_v satisfaction_n as_o the_o judicial_a or_o doom-book_n say_v ib._n c._n 8._o so_o in_o the_o german-law_n comes_fw-la secum_fw-la habeat_fw-la librum_fw-la legis_fw-la ut_fw-la semper_fw-la rectum_fw-la judicium_fw-la judicet_fw-la de_fw-la omni_fw-la causâ_fw-la quae_fw-la componenda_fw-la sunt_fw-la qui_fw-la contra_fw-la legem_fw-la fecit_fw-la componat_fw-la sicut_fw-la lex_fw-la habet_fw-la &_o donet_fw-la comiti_fw-la illi_fw-la wadium_n de_fw-la fredo_fw-la sicut_fw-la lex_fw-la est_fw-la ll._n boioar._n tit._n 15._o §_o 2_o 3._o that_o be_v the_o earl_n count_z or_o governor_n of_o the_o county_n comitatus_fw-la in_fw-la the_o former_a paragraph_n shall_v have_v the_o law-book_n with_o he_o that_o he_o may_v always_o judge_v right_a judgement_n that_o in_o every_o case_n he_o that_o do_v contrary_a to_o the_o law_n may_v compound_v for_o such_o thing_n as_o be_v to_o be_v compound_v for_o according_a to_o the_o law_n as_o the_o law_n have_v it_o or_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o law-book_n and_o let_v he_o give_v to_o the_o earl_n security_n or_o pledge_v for_o the_o peace_n as_o the_o law_n be_v and_o as_o there_o be_v the_o same_o design_n and_o contrivance_n in_o their_o law_n and_o punishment_n so_o be_v there_o the_o same_o way_n of_o purgation_n or_o clear_v themselves_o from_o suppose_a false_a accusation_n or_o such_o where_o the_o proof_n be_v not_o evident_a or_o noâ—_n think_v sufficient_a or_o in_o dubious_a case_n and_o title_n by_o by_o be_v somn._fw-la glossar_n in_o verbo_fw-la ordeal_o what._n and_o what_o the_o trial_n be_v ordeal_o from_o
word_n dux_n comes_n princeps_fw-la &_o consul_n in_o elder_a age_n be_v use_v promiscuous_o and_o signify_v any_o kind_n of_o nobility_n duke_n and_o nobleman_n of_o that_o kingdom_n the_o only_a thing_n here_o treat_v and_o conclude_v on_o be_v in_o favour_n of_o the_o church_n and_o monastery_n viz._n that_o the_o king_n or_o other_o potentate_n shall_v not_o constitute_v or_o appoint_v any_o head_n or_o governor_n of_o monastery_n and_o that_o they_o and_o the_o church_n shall_v be_v free_a from_o all_o burden_n imposition_n and_o secular_a servitude_n 192._o act_n of_o council_n subscribe_v by_o woman_n ibid._n fol._n 192._o the_o act_n of_o the_o council_n be_v subscribe_v by_o five_o abbess_n naitan_n king_n of_o pict_n be_v persuade_v by_o the_o epistle_n of_o ceolfrid_n 714._o bede_n l._n 5._o c._n 22._o naitan_n king_n of_o pict_n receive_v into_o his_o dominion_n canonic_a easter_n and_o roman_n tonsure_v a._n d._n 714._o abbot_n of_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n peter_n and_o paul_n at_o durham_n at_o now_o monk-weremouth_a at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n be_v in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n weremoâ—th_n to_o who_o he_o send_v for_o information_n in_o this_o case_n make_v a_o law_n for_o the_o observation_n of_o catholic_n easter_n and_o roman_a tonsure_v or_o the_o manner_n of_o pict_n and_o monk_n shave_v their_o head_n and_o crown_n as_o it_o be_v use_v at_o rome_n 7â—5_n the_o heptarchy_n a._n d._n 7â—5_n about_o this_o time_n ina_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a be_v at_o rome_n give_v the_o famous_a alm_n call_v heorth-penny_n call_v otherwise_o call_v romescot_n romefee_n heorth-penny_n peterpence_n towards_o the_o maintain_n of_o a_o saxon-school_n passim_fw-la peter_n penny_n give_v by_o ina._n spel._n conc._n fol._n 230._o &_o passim_fw-la which_o be_v a_o penny_n of_o every_o house_n or_o family_n yearly_a to_o be_v pay_v at_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n peter_n ad_fw-la vincula_fw-la or_o the_o first_o of_o august_n under_o ethelbald_a king_n of_o the_o the_o he_o be_v then_o also_o style_v king_n of_o england_n in_o boniface_n bishop_n of_o mentz_n his_o epistle_n to_o he_o where_o lamb._n peram_fw-la kent_z â—88_n cloveshoo_n where_o mercian_n there_o be_v a_o great_a council_n hold_v at_o county_n at_o in_o saxon_a cliofeshoo_n or_o cliff_n at_o hoo_n near_o rochester_n or_o cliff_n at_o hoo_n that_o be_v cliff_n in_o the_o bayliwicke_n or_o hundred_o of_o hoo_n in_o kent_n if_o then_o perhaps_o there_o be_v such_o division_n in_o this_o county_n cloveshoe_n he_o preside_v cuthbert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n 742._o a._n d._n 742._o and_o the_o other_o bishop_n be_v his_o assessor_n wherein_o the_o privilege_n grant_v to_o the_o church_n and_o monastery_n by_o wither_a in_o the_o convention_n at_o becfield_n be_v confirm_v 256._o cloveshoe_n council_n where_o king_n ethelbald_n preside_v ibidem_fw-la ethelbald_n be_v lust_n and_o luxury_n a._n d._n 745._o the_o saxon_n wickedness_n boniface_n archbishop_n of_o mentz_n reprove_v ethelbald_a spel._n conc._n fol._n 232_o 256._o and_o nothing_o else_o do_v this_o ethelbald_a contemn_v marriage_n yet_o give_v himself_o all_o the_o freedom_n and_o enjoyment_n of_o unlawful_a lust_n make_v no_o difference_n between_o place_n and_o person_n cloister_n and_o nun_n palace_n and_o other_o woman_n be_v alike_o to_o he_o and_o by_o his_o great_a example_n the_o nobility_n and_o people_n be_v infect_v with_o a_o universal_a viciousness_n and_o luxury_n which_o boniface_n the_o pope_n legate_n then_o in_o germany_n hear_v of_o notwithstanding_o ethelbald_n good_a work_n and_o alm_n he_o sharp_o reprove_v he_o by_o a_o epistle_n which_o have_v such_o a_o good_a effect_n upon_o he_o that_o he_o repent_v of_o his_o former_a life_n and_o endeavour_v to_o make_v satisfaction_n by_o many_o charitable_a work_n and_o several_a large_a immunity_n which_o he_o grant_v to_o the_o church_n and_o monastery_n preside_v the_o second_o council_n of_o cloveshoe_n cuthbert_n archbishop_n preside_v there_o be_v a_o second_o famous_a council_n hold_v at_o the_o same_o cloveshoe_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o pope_n zachary_n who_o by_o his_o epistle_n severe_o admonish_v the_o saxon_n of_o all_o sort_n king_n nobility_n clergy_n religious_a and_o laity_n that_o they_o leave_v off_o their_o wickedness_n here_o cuthbert_n archbishop_n of_o canterbury_n preside_v king_n ethelbald_n his_o principes_fw-la his_o the_o latin_a word_n be_v deuce_n and_o principes_fw-la duke_n and_o prince_n be_v present_a the_o chief_a canon_n worth_a notice_n be_v that_o bishop_n shall_v prosecute_v their_o pastoral_n charge_n 256._o a._n d._n 747._o ibid._n a_o fol._n 242._o add_v fol._n 256._o and_o not_o secular_a affair_n that_o once_o in_o a_o year_n they_o shall_v visit_v and_o go_v through_o their_o several_a only_o several_a the_o latin_a be_v parochias_fw-la only_o paroch_n or_o diocese_n and_o take_v account_n of_o the_o regularity_n labour_n and_o sufficiency_n of_o their_o clergy_n that_o the_o pict_n who_o understand_v not_o the_o creed_n the_o lord's-prayer_n tongue_n the_o lord's-prayer_n and_o creed_n to_o be_v teach_v in_o the_o vulgar_a tongue_n the_o word_n of_o the_o mass_n and_o of_o baptism_n shall_v learn_v to_o understand_v and_o teach_v they_o in_o their_o own_o tongue_n especial_o the_o creed_n and_o lord's-prayer_n that_o they_o ought_v not_o to_o intermeddle_v in_o worldly_a employment_n and_o in_o their_o sing_n of_o psalm_n and_o hymn_n those_o that_o understand_v not_o latin_a may_v say_v they_o in_o the_o saxon_a tongue_n the_o rest_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v provision_n against_o the_o inordinacy_n ecclesiastic_n the_o drunkenness_n incontinency_n etc._n etc._n of_o ecclesiastic_n extravagant_a garb_n and_o vesture_n drunkenness_n incontinency_n luxury_n irregular_a living_n as_o well_o of_o the_o secular_a clergy_n monk_n and_o nun_n as_o of_o the_o laic_n etc._n murder_n and_o adultery_n punish_v only_o with_o pennance_n ib._n fol._n 282_o etc._n etc._n the_o reign_a vice_n in_o these_o time_n as_o appear_v by_o egbert_n archbishop_n of_o york_n his_o canon_n for_o remedy_n of_o sin_n fornication_n adultery_n murder_n drunkenness_n perjury_n etc._n etc._n be_v only_o punish_v with_o long_a or_o short_a pennance_n of_o so_o many_o day_n week_n month_n or_o year_n but_o what_o these_o pennance_n be_v it_o be_v not_o declare_v charlemaign_a king_n of_o france_n send_v a_o synodal_n book_n of_o the_o second_o council_n of_o nice_a to_o offa_n king_n of_o mercia_n 792._o the_o heptarchy_n a_o d._n 792._o which_o be_v impose_v here_o upon_o the_o english_a saxon_n england_n simon_n dunel_n fol._n 111._o image_n worship_n first_o use_v in_o england_n and_o contain_v many_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o true_a faith_n especial_o the_o enjoin_v adoration_n of_o image_n which_o the_o church_n of_o god_n execrate_v against_o this_o one_o albinus_n or_o alcuinus_fw-la write_v a_o epistle_n and_o present_v that_o with_o the_o book_n in_o the_o name_n and_o person_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o chief_a man_n of_o the_o english_a to_o the_o king_n of_o france_n king_n offa_n of_o the_o mercian_n to_o expiate_v the_o treacherous_a and_o base_a murder_n of_o ethelbert_n king_n of_o the_o east-angle_n 311._o offa_n murder_v ethelbert_n king_n of_o east-angle_n brompton_n 754_o a._n d._n 793._o he_o give_v rome_n penny_n or_o peter_n penny_n spel._n conc_fw-fr fol._n 311._o who_o come_v to_o he_o with_o all_o respect_n to_o desire_v his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n build_v the_o cathedral_n at_o hereford_n and_o dedicate_v it_o to_o he_o and_o found_v also_o the_o monastery_n of_o st._n alban_n and_o go_v to_o rome_n in_o pennance_n give_v to_o st._n peter_n and_o the_o than_o pope_n romepenny_n or_o peter_n penny_n that_o be_v a_o penny_n of_o every_o family_n in_o his_o kingdom_n spelman_n out_o of_o the_o life_n of_o offa_n say_v these_o these_o spelman_n out_o of_o the_o book_n of_o the_o life_n of_o offa_n affirm_v they_o be_v call_v peterpence_n call_v conc._n fol._n 311.313_o peterpence_n why_o so_o call_v because_o they_o be_v pay_v exact_o on_o the_o day_n of_o the_o feast_n of_o st._n peter_n ad_fw-la vincula_fw-la as_o common_a rent_n be_v call_v michaelmas_n and_o our_o lady-day_n rent_n because_o due_a or_o payable_a upon_o those_o day_n peterpence_n be_v give_v to_o the_o english_a school_n at_o rome_n for_o the_o sustentation_n of_o english_a scholar_n there_o he_o rather_o confirm_v ina_n gift_n before_o mention_v sim._n dunelmensis_n say_v this_o year_n the_o dane_n invade_v england_n and_o that_o they_o land_v in_o the_o north_n but_o matt._n of_o westminster_n year_n de_fw-fr hist_o eccl._n dunelm_n col_fw-fr 12._o dane_n first_o arrival_n a._n d._n 793._o florileg_n in_o that_o year_n where_o ever_o he_o have_v it_o tell_v another_o story_n that_o they_o come_v first_o hither_o as_o spy_n in_o three_o ship_n to_o discover_v the_o country_n somewhere_o about_o the_o west_n and_o that_o land_n by_o stealth_n and_o
enter_v the_o king_n town_n they_o kill_v his_o chief_a officer_n thereof_o in_o the_o time_n of_o brithric_a king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a anno_fw-la domini_fw-la 791._o but_o the_o country_n come_v in_o force_v they_o to_o their_o ship_n again_o it_o may_v be_v probable_a according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o some_o that_o they_o be_v only_a pirate_n with_o a_o general_a commission_n and_o that_o they_o land_v here_o by_o accident_n or_o be_v by_o weather_n force_v upon_o this_o shore_n this_o church_n story_n be_v lame_a and_o incoherent_a yet_o it_o be_v all_o i_o can_v find_v worth_a notice_n among_o the_o many_o volume_n of_o the_o ancient_a monk_n they_o be_v nothing_o almost_o but_o vast_a heap_n of_o legend_n tale_n and_o vulgar_a report_n which_o pass_v for_o current_n in_o those_o ignorant_a and_o credulous_a time_n nor_o be_v there_o any_o more_o methodical_a or_o authentic_a story_n to_o be_v expect_v for_o some_o and_o those_o not_o a_o few_o year_n yet_o to_o come_v yet_o out_o of_o these_o cloud_n of_o darkness_n out_o of_o these_o voluminous_a idle_a vain_a inconsistent_a discourse_n a_o man_n may_v pick_v out_o matter_n sufficient_a for_o strange_a admiration_n when_o he_o shall_v observe_v the_o frequent_a fast_n time_n the_o devotion_n and_o piety_n of_o elder_a time_n the_o fervent_a prayer_n the_o large_a and_o i_o have_v almost_o say_v profuse_a alm_n of_o those_o time_n what_o stately_a and_o magnificent_a fabric_n church_n palace_n and_o monastery_n be_v build_v and_o found_v in_o those_o day_n what_o plain_a and_o unlearned_a zeal_n what_o obedient_a quiet_a and_o hearty_a devotion_n then_o possess_v the_o mind_n of_o the_o people_n when_o in_o 220_o year_n time_n monasticon_fw-la marsham_n preface_n to_o the_o first_o volume_n of_o monasticon_fw-la thirty_o english_a saxon_n king_n and_o queen_n leave_v the_o world_n and_o enter_v into_o a_o religious_a solitude_n etc._n egbâ—rt_n monarch_n a._n d._n 854._o etc._n etc._n the_o secular_a story_n of_o the_o saxon_n almost_o ever_o since_o their_o first_o entrance_n i_o have_v hitherto_o omit_v consist_v chief_o of_o war_n by_o which_o we_o may_v know_v and_o understand_v their_o barbarity_n violence_n and_o rapine_n but_o for_o what_o cause_n they_o be_v undertake_v by_o what_o counsel_n direct_v and_o manage_v or_o what_o reason_n or_o justice_n there_o be_v for_o they_o we_o can_v once_o guess_v the_o relation_n of_o they_o be_v so_o narrow_a and_o frivolous_a nor_o be_v the_o battle_n themselves_o describe_v more_o artificial_o than_o the_o combat_n of_o bear_n and_o wolf_n or_o the_o skirmish_n of_o kite_n and_o crow_n in_o the_o air._n there_o be_v frequent_a attempt_n upon_o one_o another_o dominion_n among_o their_o petty_a king_n and_o as_o frequent_a rebellion_n of_o the_o great_a man_n against_o they_o and_o ofttimes_o in_o some_o or_o most_o of_o these_o nation_n he_o who_o riches_n popularity_n or_o faction_n advance_v take_v on_o he_o the_o title_n and_o state_n of_o a_o king_n â—54_n egbert_n king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a saxon_n ann._n a._n d._n â—54_n egbert_n the_o famous_a king_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a make_v himself_o monarch_n of_o the_o saxon_a heptarchy_n and_o as_o some_o affirm_v of_o great_a britain_n his_o title_n to_o the_o westsaxons_a kingdom_n he_o derive_v just_o from_o ina._n thus_o he_o be_v the_o son_n of_o ealmund_n he_o the_o son_n of_o eafa_o he_o the_o son_n of_o eoppa_n he_o the_o son_n of_o ingild_n and_o he_o the_o brother_n of_o ina_n who_o direct_a line_n be_v extinct_a when_o egbert_n assume_v the_o diadem_n and_o be_v call_v out_o of_o france_n by_o the_o westsaxons_a be_v there_o a_o exile_n to_o undertake_v the_o government_n britain_n he_o conquer_v the_o cornish_a and_o welsh_a britain_n his_o first_o achievement_n be_v against_o the_o britain_n in_o cornwall_n and_o the_o they_o the_o so_o call_v in_o respect_n of_o the_o cornish_a britain_n from_o who_o they_o be_v situate_v due_a north_n a_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n or_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n severn_n only_o part_v they_o north-britains_n in_o wales_n who_o he_o subdue_v and_o make_v tributary_n by_o the_o fame_n of_o these_o victory_n he_o become_v a_o terror_n to_o the_o other_o petty_a king_n only_a bernulph_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n swell_v at_o his_o success_n think_v it_o will_v be_v a_o glorious_a and_o bold_a attempt_n in_o he_o to_o rescue_v other_o from_o fear_n and_o to_o make_v war_n upon_o egbert_n who_o cheerful_o give_v he_o battle_n wherein_o bernulph_n and_o his_o force_n be_v total_o rout_v a._n bernulph_n rout_v and_o mercia_n conquer_v by_o egbert_n a._n d._n 806._o malmesb._n de_fw-fr gest_n reg_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 2._o a._n d._n 824._o ibidem_fw-la the_o south_n and_o east-saxons_a conquer_v by_o egbert_n and_o the_o east-angle_n ingulph_n hist_o fol._n 487._o a._n the_o west-saxon_a king_n urge_v forward_o with_o this_o victory_n send_v his_o son_n ethelwolf_n with_o alstan_n bishop_n of_o sherborn_n to_o take_v in_o kent_n which_o they_o present_o add_v to_o the_o west-saxon_a dominion_n and_o proceed_v drive_v baldr_v the_o king_n thereof_o over_o the_o thames_n and_o some_o year_n after_o he_o subdue_v the_o south_n and_o east-saxons_a soon_o after_o the_o east-angle_n encourage_v by_o egbert_n slay_v bernulph_n and_o ludecan_n king_n of_o the_o mercian_n and_o their_o successor_n withlaf_n at_o first_o expel_v his_o kingdom_n by_o egbert_n afterward_o by_o the_o mediation_n of_o siward_n abbot_n of_o crowland_n with_o who_o he_o private_o remain_v in_o that_o monastery_n be_v restore_v upon_o condition_n of_o subjection_n and_o payment_n of_o a_o yearly_a tribute_n egbert_n malmesb._n ubi_fw-la supra_fw-la the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n yield_v to_o egbert_n in_o the_o same_o year_n the_o northumbrian_n break_v with_o faction_n and_o weary_v by_o the_o usurpation_n and_o pretence_n of_o several_a ambitious_a prince_n give_v hostage_n and_o submit_v themselves_o to_o egbert_n and_o now_o though_o he_o enjoy_v britain_n 832._o egbert_n monarch_n a._n d._n 832._o yet_o he_o enjoy_v not_o the_o full_a satisfaction_n and_o pleasure_n of_o his_o conquest_n for_o the_o dane_n land_v in_o the_o isle_n of_o shepey_n waste_v it_o and_o the_o next_o year_n come_v again_o in_o thirty_o five_o ship_n they_o land_v at_o the_o river_n car_fw-fr in_o dorsetshire_n 836._o dane_n land_n in_o shepey_n at_o the_o river_n car_fw-fr in_o dorsetshire_n an._n dom._n 833._o two_o bishop_n slay_v they_o land_n again_o a._n d._n 835._o a._n d._n 836._o where_o egbert_n fight_v they_o with_o a_o great_a slaughter_n on_o both_o side_n yet_o so_o as_o the_o dane_n make_v good_a their_o ground_n and_o encamp_v herefrid_n and_o wigferth_n two_o bishop_n be_v here_o slay_v as_o also_o dudda_n and_o osmund_n two_o saxon_a commander_n two_o year_n follow_v a_o great_a fleet_n of_o the_o dane_n arrive_v again_o and_o join_v with_o the_o cornish_a britain_n against_o egbert_n who_o overthrow_v and_o put_v they_o to_o slight_v and_o the_o next_o year_n die_v after_o his_o acquest_n of_o the_o whole_a heptarchy_n by_o edict_n he_o cause_v it_o to_o be_v call_v england_n which_o in_o latin_a be_v call_v anglia_fw-it from_o the_o angles_n the_o most_o numerous_a and_o valiant_a of_o the_o three_o nation_n which_o come_v hither_o with_o hengist_n they_o possess_v the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n mercia_n and_o east-anglia_a the_o jute_n only_a kent_n and_o the_o isle_n of_o wight_n and_o the_o saxon_n east-saxony_n south-saxony_n and_o west-saxony_n yet_o long_o before_o this_o time_n it_o may_v be_v and_o be_v call_v england_n though_o not_o by_o a_o public_a edict_n for_o bede_n inscribe_v his_o book_n the_o ecclesiastic_a history_n of_o the_o english_a nation_n 4.5_o bede_n l._n 2._o c._n 4.5_o and_o pope_n boniface_n write_v to_o ethelbert_n king_n of_o the_o english_a and_o gregory_n send_v augustin_n to_o preach_v to_o the_o english_a nation_n also_o ercombert_n king_n of_o kent_n 1._o ibid._n l._n 4._o c._n 1._o and_o oswy_a king_n of_o northumberland_n or_o of_o the_o english_a as_o most_o potent_a send_v wighard_n to_o rome_n to_o be_v ordain_v bishop_n of_o the_o english_a nor_o be_v he_o perfect_o absolute_a notwithstanding_o he_o become_v monarch_n of_o england_n for_o some_o if_o not_o all_o the_o petty_a king_n though_o tributary_n hold_v their_o title_n for_o many_o year_n and_o some_o succession_n of_o monarch_n after_o he_o as_o witlaf_fw-mi king_n of_o mercia_n under_o egbert_n a._n ingulph_n be_v history_n fol._n 487._o a._n ibid._n fol._n 488._o b._n ibid._n fol._n 491._o a._n and_o bertulph_n under_o ethelwolph_n his_o son_n beorred_a king_n of_o mercia_n and_o edmund_n king_n of_o east-angle_n under_o the_o same_o and_o so_o they_o continue_v at_o least_o until_o edward_n the_o elder_a ethelwolph_n elder_a son_n of_o egbert_n ethelwolph_n ethelwolph_n by_o some_o of_o the_o more_o modern_a author_n say_v
have_v be_v in_o that_o language_n and_o the_o law_n also_o otherwise_o they_o have_v say_v and_o do_v they_o know_v not_o what_o especial_o when_o the_o controversy_n be_v determine_v by_o military-man_n earl_n or_o count_n sheriff_n or_o viscount_n and_o lord_n of_o manner_n that_o understand_v not_o the_o english_a tongue_n or_o when_o the_o chief_a justiciary_a himself_n be_v a_o military-man_n as_o it_o often_o happen_v and_o understand_v only_o the_o norman_a language_n for_o this_o reason_n tongue_n why_o all_o plead_n be_v in_o the_o french_a tongue_n and_o no_o other_o it_o be_v that_o all_o plead_n etc._n etc._n be_v in_o the_o norman-french_n until_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n in_o 15._o in_o 36_o edw._n 3._o c._n 15._o edward_n the_o three_o time_n they_o be_v appoint_v to_o be_v in_o the_o english_a tongue_n but_o enter_v and_o enrol_v in_o latin_a save_v that_o the_o ancient_a term_n in_o law_n may_v still_o be_v retain_v in_o that_o language_n as_o be_v more_o apt_a report_n apt_a sir_n john_n davis_n in_o his_o preface_n to_o his_o irish_a report_n and_o significant_a than_o in_o any_o other_o which_o seem_v to_o be_v no_o obscure_a argument_n that_o the_o law_n of_o this_o nation_n except_o such_o as_o have_v be_v alter_v or_o introduce_v by_o our_o king_n and_o great_a council_n or_o by_o act_n of_o parliament_n be_v for_o the_o great_a and_o chief_a part_n of_o they_o the_o norman_a law_n and_o bring_v in_o or_o institute_v by_o william_n the_o conqueror_n the_o subject_a next_o to_o be_v treat_v of_o it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v think_v law_n no_o nation_n govern_v mere_o by_o one_o law_n that_o ever_o any_o nation_n enjoy_v one_o simple_a law_n by_o its_o self_n pure_a and_o unmixed_a with_o some_o of_o the_o usage_n and_o custom_n of_o other_o country_n especial_o such_o as_o have_v be_v often_o overrun_v and_o conquer_v which_o do_v common_o retain_v somewhat_o they_o receive_v from_o all_o their_o new_a master_n for_o conqueror_n seldom_o think_v their_o conquest_n complete_a until_o they_o have_v over-turned_n the_o law_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o vanquish_a and_o establish_v such_o as_o they_o think_v most_o effectual_a to_o establish_v themselves_o nor_o have_v it_o be_v yet_o hear_v of_o that_o the_o world_n or_o any_o considerable_a part_n of_o it_o comprehend_v many_o and_o distinct_a nation_n have_v be_v govern_v mere_o by_o one_o law_n but_o that_o every_o of_o those_o nation_n have_v have_v and_o do_v retain_v at_o least_o some_o of_o their_o own_o municipal_a law_n agreeable_a to_o their_o own_o custom_n and_o so_o do_v this_o nation_n retain_v some_o of_o the_o saxon_a and_o danish_a custom_n which_o do_v not_o much_o differ_v from_o the_o norman_a see_v they_o be_v be_v cluverius_n in_o his_o nation_n his_o lib._n 1._o germany_n contain_v many_o nation_n antiqua_fw-la germania_n assert_n germany_n france_n spain_n and_o britain_n to_o be_v one_o nation_n and_o of_o one_o language_n viz._n celts_n and_o also_o there_o affirm_v that_o germany_n ancient_o comprehend_v danemarke_n sweden_n norway_n finmark_n the_o cimbric_n peninsula_n etc._n etc._n and_o that_o all_o or_o most_o of_o those_o nation_n speak_v the_o same_o language_n in_o a_o different_a dialect_n neighbour_n by_o situation_n have_v the_o same_o language_n only_o differ_v in_o dialect_n and_o communicate_v in_o many_o rite_n and_o usage_n nay_o joint_o conquer_v both_o this_o country_n and_o neustria_n in_o france_n normandy_n they_o be_v not_o people_n of_o one_o nation_n that_o conquer_a england_n and_o normandy_n afterward_o call_v normandy_n for_o they_o be_v not_o entire_o saxon_n dane_n or_o norwegian_n or_o of_o one_o nation_n that_o make_v these_o conquest_n although_o their_o great_a leader_n and_o the_o great_a number_n of_o any_o one_o nation_n may_v be_v such_o but_o a_o mixture_n of_o all_o these_o and_o several_a other_o people_n of_o the_o north_n part_n of_o germany_n yet_o that_o the_o bulk_n and_o main_n of_o our_o law_n law_n the_o main_a of_o our_o law_n be_v norman_a law_n or_o at_o least_o very_a different_a usage_n of_o they_o be_v bring_v hither_o from_o normandy_n by_o the_o conqueror_n such_o as_o be_v in_o use_n and_o practice_n here_o for_o some_o age_n after_o the_o conquest_n be_v without_o question_n tenor_n and_o our_o tenor_n for_o from_o whence_o we_o receive_v our_o tenor_n and_o the_o manner_n of_o hold_v of_o estate_n in_o every_o respect_n from_o thence_o we_o also_o receive_v the_o custom_n incident_a to_o those_o estate_n as_o relief_n aid_n fines_n rent_n or_o cens_n service_n etc._n etc._n and_o likewise_o the_o quality_n of_o they_o be_v most_o of_o they_o feudal_n and_o enjoy_v under_o several_a military_a condition_n and_o service_n and_o of_o necessary_a consequence_n from_o thence_o we_o must_v receive_v the_o law_n also_o by_o which_o these_o tenor_n and_o the_o custom_n incident_a to_o they_o be_v regulate_v and_o by_o which_o every_o man_n right_a in_o such_o estate_n be_v secure_v according_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o they_o 1037_o see_v grand_fw-fr custom_n throughout_o and_o scriptor_n norm_a 1037_o but_o from_o normandy_n and_o bring_v in_o by_o the_o conqueror_n we_o receive_v most_o if_o not_o all_o our_o ancient_a tenor_n and_o manner_n of_o hold_v and_o enjoy_v our_o land_n and_o estate_n as_o will_v appear_v by_o compare_v our_o ancient_a tenor_n with_o they_o first_o concern_v fee_n the_o learned_a conqueror_n learned_a gloss_n fol._n 218._o col_fw-fr 1_o the_o servitude_n of_o fee_n bring_v in_o by_o the_o conqueror_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n tell_v we_o william_n the_o conqueror_n bring_v over_o the_o servitude_n of_o they_o into_o england_n who_o divide_v all_o england_n among_o his_o great_a man_n and_o chief_a commander_n and_o this_o he_o say_v appear_v from_o give_v from_o see_v append._n n._n â—0_n where_o be_v the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o norman_n in_o every_o county_n to_o who_o all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n be_v give_v doomesday-book_n and_o after_o that_o the_o bondage_n of_o fee_n be_v know_v in_o all_o part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n not_o hear_v of_o before_o in_o the_o saxon_a time_n 112._o time_n summoner_n gavel_n p._n 102._o berault_n on_o cust_n norman_n fol._n 112._o the_o word_n beneficium_fw-la or_o praedium_fw-la be_v ancient_o use_v for_o feodum_fw-la which_o be_v not_o use_v in_o any_o nation_n or_o country_n until_o about_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o ten_o century_n from_o our_o saviour_n incarnation_n c._n incarnation_n dudo_fw-la sti._n quint._n decan_n fol._n 34._o c._n rex_fw-la viz._n galliae_fw-la quoque_fw-la adjecit_fw-la donationi_fw-la quam_fw-la prius_fw-la rolloni_n donaverat_fw-la totam_fw-la britanniam_fw-la ut_fw-la per_fw-la hoc_fw-la etiam_fw-la beneficium_fw-la efficeret_fw-la illum_fw-la sibi_fw-la fidelissimum_fw-la vassallum_fw-la b_o vassallum_fw-la in_o lib._n the_o feud_n disp_n c._n 5._o b_o hottoman_n say_v beneficium_fw-la datur_fw-la propter_fw-la officium_fw-la quo_fw-la verbo_fw-la demonstratur_fw-la feudale_n officium_fw-la non_fw-la nisi_fw-la militare_fw-la &_o bellicum_fw-la fuisse_fw-la and_o so_o b_o so_o dudo_fw-la ut_fw-la supra_fw-la f._n 85._o a._n b_o rollo_n upon_o his_o acquest_n of_o normandy_n after_o have_v give_v a_o portion_n to_o the_o church_n divide_v normandy_n and_o measure_v it_o out_o to_o his_o chieftain_n and_o and_o time_n a_o sort_n of_o bondman_n or_o servi_n in_o the_o saxon_n time_n not_o but_o there_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o bondman_n or_o villain_n in_o the_o saxon_n time_n they_o have_v their_o ceorl_n or_o gubures_n their_o rustic_n ploughman_n and_o servi_n but_o here_o he_o speak_v to_o and_o mean_v the_o manner_n of_o servitude_n which_o come_v from_o normandy_n vassal_n b._n vassal_n ib._n f._n 86._o b._n and_o in_o his_o old_a age_n he_o call_v they_o together_o and_o cause_v they_o to_o put_v their_o hand_n between_o the_o hand_n of_o his_o son_n william_n military_a fee_n original_o military_a by_o popa_n to_o who_o he_o have_v give_v his_o country_n and_o bind_v they_o to_o he_o by_o oath_n or_o procure_v they_o to_o swear_v fealty_n to_o he_o 1620._o he_o f._n 1._o print_v at_o râ—ven_n 1620._o mounsieur_fw-fr berault_n upon_o the_o custom_n of_o normandy_n say_v the_o origin_n and_o antiquity_n of_o their_o custom_n be_v not_o certain_a but_o it_o be_v very_o likely_a they_o be_v the_o law_n of_o the_o norman_n that_o conquer_a neustria_n english_a the_o conqueror_n give_v norman_a law_n to_o the_o english_a and_o establish_v there_o by_o they_o and_o that_o by_o the_o example_n of_o rollo_n william_n the_o conqueror_n give_v the_o law_n of_o normandy_n in_o the_o norman_a language_n to_o the_o vanquish_a english_a ibidem_fw-la english_a ibidem_fw-la yet_o in_o the_o preface_n to_o the_o chapter_n of_o fief_n he_o report_v from_o coquill_n upon_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o nevernois_n and_o du_n hailan_n that_o they_o be_v first_o hear_v of_o in_o gallia_n when_o the_o franc_n
conquer_v it_o horseback_n the_o franc_n conquer_v gallia_n and_o divide_v the_o land_n among_o their_o soldier_n gentleman_n such_o as_o serve_v on_o horseback_n in_o the_o declension_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n that_o they_o distribute_v their_o conquer_a land_n among_o their_o soldier_n to_o who_o be_v reserve_v the_o dignity_n of_o gentleman_n and_o the_o management_n of_o arm_n and_o from_o the_o ancient_a gaul_n inhabitant_n of_o the_o country_n who_o be_v call_v roturier_n they_o take_v away_o the_o use_n of_o arm_n and_o permit_v to_o they_o the_o management_n of_o rustic_a affair_n and_o merchandise_n only_o and_o from_o thence_o come_v the_o distinction_n of_o fiefe_n noble_a and_o roturier_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v f._n be_v spel._n gloss_n fol._n 219._o hottom_n in_o lib._n de_fw-fr disp_n feud_n c._n 6._o f._n three_o sort_n of_o military_a fee_n royal_a fee_n as_o dukedom_n county_n marquisates_n etc._n etc._n which_o hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o emperor_n king_n or_o prince_n and_o be_v call_v tenure_n in_o capite_fw-la and_o so_o less_o estate_n and_o office_n in_o process_n of_o time_n that_o hold_v immediate_o of_o the_o crown_n or_o person_n of_o the_o prince_n than_o mesne_n or_o mediate_a fee_n which_o hold_v not_o immediate_o of_o the_o prince_n d._n these_o milites_fw-la or_o knight_n be_v horseman_n and_o these_o military_a or_o knight_n fee_n give_v to_o maintain_v their_o horse_n and_o arm_n hot._n in_o lib._n 2._o feud_n col_fw-fr 691._o d._n but_o of_o some_o of_o these_o capitanei_fw-la or_o chieftain_n as_o baron_n vavasor_n castellan_n etc._n etc._n last_o military_a fee_n or_o knight_n fee_n such_o as_o be_v hold_v of_o those_o mesn_a lord_n and_o by_o they_o give_v to_o their_o soldier_n all_o these_o degree_n of_o fee_n be_v in_o normandy_n as_o appear_v by_o the_o 35._o the_o c._n 34_o 35._o grand_a customer_n where_o they_o also_o have_v all_o the_o incident_n of_o military_a fee_n ward_n marriage_n relief_n homage_n and_o fealty_n and_o such_o division_n into_o all_o these_o sort_n of_o fee_n be_v make_v of_o the_o great_a part_n if_o not_o 10._o not_o see_v doomsday_n in_o every_o county_n and_o here_o ap._n n._n 10._o all_o the_o land_n in_o england_n by_o the_o conqueror_n to_o his_o great_a man_n commander_n and_o soldier_n as_o be_v manifest_a by_o doomesday-book_n a_o record_n without_o exception_n and_o for_o the_o incident_n to_o these_o tenor_n escheat_n ward_n marriage_n relief_n homage_n fealty_n aid_n escuage_z etc._n etc._n both_o according_a to_o their_o first_o rigorous_a institution_n and_o afterward_o qualify_v condition_n we_o have_v a_o sufficient_a information_n from_o all_o our_o ancient_a historian_n and_o lawyer_n that_o we_o receive_v they_o from_o normandy_n forfeiture_n also_o be_v incident_a to_o these_o fee_n many_o of_o which_o tenure_n which_o gloss_n fol._n 214_o 215._o forfeiture_n incident_a to_o feudal_n tenure_n sir_n henry_n spelman_n have_v collect_v from_o the_o feudist_n and_o feudal_n law_n and_o some_o of_o they_o do_v here_o follow_v original_o all_o vassal_n hold_v their_o land_n at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o whether_o they_o be_v delinquent_n or_o not_o he_o may_v at_o his_o pleasure_n take_v they_o from_o they_o in_o point_n of_o tenure_n they_o be_v much_o like_o our_o ancient_a copy-holds_a at_o mere_a will_n and_o in_o this_o of_o forfeiture_n they_o much_o resemble_v they_o and_o those_o also_o at_o this_o day_n etc._n vid._n hot._n the_o feud_n disp_n c._n 38._o col_fw-fr 886._o d._n e._n etc._n etc._n it_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n if_o thrice_o summon_v to_o the_o lord_n court_n they_o neglect_v or_o refuse_v to_o come_v and_o take_v up_o their_o land_n and_o do_v fealty_n if_o they_o refuse_v to_o do_v their_o service_n or_o deny_v their_o tenure_n it_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n if_o they_o sell_v their_o estate_n without_o leave_n of_o the_o lord_n or_o if_o they_o sell_v it_o by_o any_o other_o title_n than_o they_o have_v themselves_o it_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n if_o they_o do_v any_o thing_n against_o their_o oath_n of_o fealty_n if_o they_o adhere_v to_o their_o lord_n enemy_n or_o do_v forsake_v he_o in_o time_n of_o war_n or_o danger_n all_o these_o be_v forfeiture_n if_o they_o commit_v any_o outrageous_a wickedness_n which_o be_v call_v glossary_a call_v see_v the_o glossary_a felony_n as_o murder_n robbery_n burn_v of_o house_n rape_n etc._n etc._n and_o which_o be_v no_o treason_n this_o likewise_o be_v a_o forfeiture_n of_o their_o land_n and_o estate_n to_o the_o lord_n of_o the_o fee_n and_o by_o commit_v felony_n and_o the_o non-performance_n of_o the_o most_o of_o these_o thing_n upon_o conviction_n the_o tenant_n copyholder_n tenant_n coke_n complete_a copyholder_n sect._n 57_o 58_o kitchen_n tit._n copyholder_n at_o this_o day_n forfeit_v their_o land_n and_o they_o escheat_n to_o the_o lord_n some_o by_o presentment_n of_o the_o homage_n other_o immediate_o where_o the_o fact_n be_v notorious_a and_o while_o we_o mention_v tenant_n it_o will_v give_v some_o light_n to_o the_o knowledge_n from_o whence_o we_o receive_v our_o law_n brief_o to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o the_o institution_n of_o manor_n here_o in_o this_o nation_n as_o i_o find_v it_o in_o our_o learned_a glossarist_n derive_v glossarist_n fol._n 389._o the_o first_o institution_n of_o manner_n manor_n from_o whence_o derive_v who_o say_v it_o be_v a_o norman_a word_n and_o bring_v from_o thence_o and_o what_o the_o saxon_a call_v a_o praedium_fw-la or_o villa_n their_o possession_n in_o land_n with_o the_o enjoyment_n of_o soc_n sac_n toll_n team_n and_o other_o privilege_n the_o norman_n call_v manner_n a_o manendo_fw-la because_o such_o possession_n be_v ordinary_o the_o seat_n of_o the_o lord_n the_o saxon_a norway_n saxon_a many_o of_o they_o have_v so_o but_o without_o doubt_n they_o have_v some_o feudal_n tenor_n or_o somewhat_o like_o they_o they_o with_o the_o angli_fw-la jute_n etc._n etc._n come_v from_o the_o cimbric_n peninsula_n and_o the_o north_n part_v of_o germany_n where_o such_o tenor_n be_v general_n from_o whence_o the_o word_n vassus_n vassallus_fw-la or_o valvasor_n be_v derive_v to_o other_o nation_n hot._n the_o feud_n disp_n cap._n 7.820_o c._n as_o also_o in_o their_o neighbour_n nation_n of_o danemark_n and_o norway_n jurisdiction_n have_v their_o origin_n from_o the_o grant_n of_o their_o king_n feudal_n they_o be_v feudal_n but_o manner_n have_v their_o beginning_n from_o feudal_n law_n or_o right_n for_o whoever_o can_v dispose_v of_o fee_n may_v just_o give_v law_n to_o their_o vassal_n erect_v court_n for_o pass_v of_o estate_n and_o take_v upon_o they_o all_o other_o privilege_n mere_o pertain_v to_o a_o noble_a fee_n institute_v how_o they_o be_v institute_v he_o further_o say_v at_o the_o beginning_n this_o be_v the_o course_n of_o institute_v manner_n for_o the_o most_o part_n different_a lord_n possess_v the_o territory_n of_o every_o town_n or_o village_n and_o proprietor_n and_o see_v doomsday_n book_n every_o where_n how_o village_n and_o town_n be_v describe_v with_o such_o people_n in_o they_o under_o the_o proprietor_n cultivate_v it_o by_o their_o servant_n vassal_n and_o husbandman_n for_o at_o that_o time_n there_o be_v live_v in_o the_o country_n only_o military_a man_n labourer_n or_o husbandman_n first_o the_o lord_n design_v the_o place_n of_o his_o own_o habitation_n and_o annex_v to_o it_o a_o plentiful_a portion_n of_o land_n for_o the_o maintenance_n of_o his_o family_n which_o be_v yet_o call_v terrae-dominicae_a demesn_a land_n ibidem_fw-la land_n ibidem_fw-la another_o share_n he_o give_v to_o his_o vassal_n or_o vassal_n for_o their_o aid_n and_o assistance_n in_o war_n and_o these_o be_v call_v 1._o call_v i_o rather_o think_v these_o fee_n to_o have_v be_v most_o whole_a at_o first_o and_o that_o in_o time_n by_o favour_n of_o the_o lord_n they_o parcel_v out_o and_o sell_v they_o and_o such_o a_o part_n of_o a_o knight_n fee_n be_v apportion_v to_o such_o and_o such_o a_o man_n as_o rent_n be_v among_o copy-holders_n at_o this_o day_n where_o a_o tenent_n sell_v part_n of_o his_o copyhold_n to_o one_o part_n to_o another_o there_o be_v many_o instance_n of_o whole_a manor_n grant_v by_o the_o service_n of_o one_o knight_n fee_n robert_n fitz-roger_n 9_o richard_z the_o first_o have_v a_o grant_n from_o he_o of_o the_o manner_n of_o ewer_n in_o buckinghamshire_n by_o the_o service_n of_o one_o knight_n fee_n 1._o jonannis_n a_o confirmation_n of_o the_o castle_n manner_n of_o workeworth_n in_o northumberland_n by_o the_o service_n of_o one_o knight_n fee_n 5._o johannis_n the_o manner_n of_o newburn_n in_o the_o same_o county_n by_o the_o service_n of_o one_o knight_n fee_n the_o manner_n of_o clavering_n in_o essex_n by_o the_o same_o service_n 7._o johannis_n the_o manner_n of_o robiri_n in_o northumberland_n by_o the_o same_o service_n of_o one_o
nullus_fw-la celebret_fw-la nuptias_fw-la temporibus_fw-la ab_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la interdictis_fw-la scilicet_fw-la à _fw-la prima_fw-la dominica_n de_fw-la adventu_fw-la usque_fw-la post_fw-la epiphaniam_fw-la &_o à _fw-fr dominica_n de_fw-fr septuagesima_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la octavam_fw-la paschae_fw-la &_o à _fw-la tribus_fw-la diebus_fw-la ante_fw-la ascentionem_fw-la usque_fw-la octavam_fw-la pentecostes_fw-la three_o of_o our_o present_a vacation_n be_v much_o like_o these_o as_o to_o time_n viz._n the_o vacation_n after_o michaelmas_n term_n the_o vacation_n after_o hillary_n term_n and_o the_o vacation_n after_o easter_n term_n which_o be_v establish_v by_o canon_n though_o not_o every_o where_n and_o in_o all_o place_n according_a to_o the_o same_o exact_a time_n but_o be_v in_o some_o country_n long_o in_o some_o short_a though_o without_o any_o great_a variation_n the_o four_o long_a or_o autumnal_a vacation_n be_v make_v by_o necessity_n the_o harvest_n and_o vintage_n where_o there_o be_v one_o and_o other_o autumnal_a work_n be_v a_o sufficient_a cause_n for_o the_o cessation_n of_o law-business_n and_o leave_v man_n free_a to_o follow_v their_o own_o affair_n debet_fw-la judicialis_fw-la strepitus_fw-la diebus_fw-la conquiescere_fw-la feriatis_fw-la qui_fw-la ob_fw-la reverentiam_fw-la dei_fw-la noscuntur_fw-la esse_fw-la statuti_fw-la licet_fw-la diebus_fw-la feriatis_fw-la gratia_n vindemiarum_fw-la vel_fw-la messium_fw-la ob_fw-la necessitate_v hominum_fw-la indulgentur_fw-la procedi_fw-la valeant_fw-la si_fw-mi de_fw-fr partium_fw-la processerit_fw-la voluntate_fw-la and_o the_o gather_n in_o of_o harvest_n and_o other_o autumnal_a business_n be_v the_o chief_a motive_n for_o 21._o for_o stat._n 32._o hen._n 8._o c._n 21._o abbreviate_a our_o trinity_n and_o michaelmas_n term_n the_o first_o of_o they_o in_o the_o end_n and_o the_o alike_o the_o stat._n 17._o car._n 1._o c._n 6._o practise_v of_o the_o law_n in_o normandy_n and_o england_n alike_o latter_a in_o the_o beginning_n we_o will_v add_v here_o that_o the_o practice_n of_o the_o law_n in_o bring_v all_o sort_n of_o writ_n of_o assize_n and_o in_o proceed_n and_o trial_n thereupon_o be_v very_o near_o if_o not_o altogether_o the_o same_o both_o here_o and_o in_o normandy_n save_o that_o the_o practice_n here_o be_v very_o much_o enlarge_v and_o lengthen_v in_o about_o two_o century_n of_o year_n though_o the_o original_a manner_n of_o it_o be_v not_o much_o alter_v this_o be_v evident_a by_o the_o second_o and_o three_o book_n of_o glanvil_n from_o the_o whole_a four_o book_n of_o bracton_n but_o more_o especial_o the_o 16_o the_o 17_o the_o 18_o the_o and_o 19_o the_o chapter_n of_o it_o and_o from_o the_o whole_a four_o book_n of_o fleta_n who_o in_o most_o thing_n exact_o follow_v bracton_n but_o more_o particular_o in_o his_o 5_o 6_o 7_o 8_o and_o 9_o chapter_n of_o that_o book_n and_o if_o what_o justice_n fitz-herbert_n in_o the_o preface_n to_o his_o natura_fw-la brevium_fw-la say_v and_o sir_n edward_n coke_n in_o the_o preface_n to_o his_o eight_o part_n of_o his_o report_n and_o upon_o littleton_n sect._n 101._o fol._n 73._o b._n be_v allow_v as_o i_o think_v it_o be_v general_o that_o original_a writ_n be_v the_o foundation_n upon_o which_o the_o law_n depend_v and_o true_o call_v the_o principle_n of_o the_o law_n then_o certain_o the_o foundation_n and_o principle_n of_o we_o and_o the_o norman_a law_n be_v very_o little_a if_o any_o thing_n at_o all_o different_a this_o be_v what_o may_v be_v affirm_v from_o great_a reason_n than_o usual_o either_o historian_n or_o lawyer_n upon_o these_o topic_n bring_v for_o assure_v any_o thing_n they_o assert_v but_o sir_n edward_n coke_n in_o his_o preface_n to_o the_o three_o part_n of_o his_o report_n observe_v and_o assert_n from_o william_n de_fw-fr rovil_n a_o commentator_n upon_o this_o treatise_n which_o he_o expound_v most_o by_o the_o feudal_n and_o imperial_a law_n in_o his_o preface_n to_o it_o where_o he_o say_v from_o the_o history_n call_v chronica_fw-la chronicorum_fw-la confessor_n the_o custom_n of_o normandy_n not_o from_o edward_n the_o confessor_n that_o our_o edward_n the_o confessor_n be_v the_o maker_n or_o giver_n of_o these_o custom_n to_o normandy_n but_o let_v we_o observe_v the_o authority_n of_o this_o historian_n for_o immediate_o after_o rovill_n deliver_v from_o he_o for_o as_o great_a a_o truth_n and_o to_o be_v believe_v upon_o the_o same_o term_n that_o the_o conqueror_n be_v not_o only_o testamentary_a heir_n by_o donation_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n but_o also_o next_o heir_n by_o blood_n to_o the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n by_o his_o wife_n maud_n the_o daughter_n of_o baldwin_n earl_n of_o flanders_n and_o niece_n of_o edward_n the_o confessor_n which_o be_v never_o hear_v from_o any_o other_o author_n and_o therefore_o he_o may_v well_o be_v think_v singular_a in_o one_o as_o well_o as_o the_o other_o nay_o idle_a and_o not_o to_o be_v believe_v and_o therefore_o all_o the_o judge_n of_o ireland_n pass_v by_o this_o story_n as_o a_o surmise_n only_o in_o their_o argument_n upon_o the_o case_n of_o tenor_n fol._n 36._o but_o though_o sir_n edward_n lay_v a_o great_a stress_n upon_o this_o author_n there_o yet_o he_o himself_o be_v of_o another_o opinion_n in_o another_o coke_n another_o reading_n de_fw-fr finibus_fw-la p._n 3._o and_o preface_n to_o his_o three_o book_n of_o report_n a_o fond_a assertion_n of_o sir_n edward_n coke_n place_n viz._n that_o the_o conqueror_n find_v the_o custom_n and_o law_n contain_v in_o the_o grand_a customer_n here_o and_o that_o from_o hence_o he_o carry_v they_o into_o normandy_n for_o say_v he_o there_o if_o the_o norman_n have_v any_o law_n that_o do_v resemble_v the_o law_n of_o england_n out_o of_o doubt_n when_o the_o conqueror_n have_v subdue_v this_o kingdom_n perceive_v the_o equity_n and_o excellency_n of_o the_o law_n of_o england_n never_o attempt_v normandy_n attempt_v see_v what_o i_o have_v say_v before_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v by_o the_o conqueror_n carry_v into_o normandy_n to_o alter_v or_o change_v the_o same_o but_o to_o the_o end_n his_o country_n man_n the_o norman_n may_v know_v the_o law_n of_o england_n under_o which_o from_o thenceforth_o he_o resolve_v they_o shall_v live_v and_o therefore_o for_o their_o benefit_n and_o safety_n he_o cause_v some_o of_o the_o law_n and_o ordinance_n of_o england_n to_o be_v write_v in_o the_o normand_n tongue_n and_o afterward_o see_v and_o well_o perceive_v the_o happy_a success_n where_o such_o law_n be_v observe_v abolish_v his_o old_a law_n out_o of_o normandy_n and_o establish_a part_n of_o our_o english_a law_n there_o and_o it_o can_v be_v true_o say_v that_o the_o ibidem_fw-la the_o ibidem_fw-la english_a law_n be_v in_o the_o norman_a tongue_n for_o the_o law_n of_o england_n be_v leges_fw-la non_fw-la scriptae_fw-la but_o divine_o cast_v into_o the_o heart_n of_o man_n and_o build_v upon_o the_o immovable_a rock_n of_o reason_n groundless_a this_o assertion_n be_v groundless_a this_o assertion_n be_v so_o groundless_a and_o precarious_a it_o deserve_v no_o confutation_n it_o have_v no_o authority_n or_o testimony_n nor_o other_o reason_n than_o his_o own_o fancy_n to_o support_v it_o for_o it_o will_v have_v be_v a_o great_a difficulty_n than_o the_o conquest_n of_o england_n to_o have_v impose_v the_o english_a law_n upon_o so_o stubborn_a a_o people_n as_o the_o norman_n be_v especial_o at_o that_o time_n when_o the_o conqueror_n have_v much_o to_o do_v to_o keep_v they_o in_o subjection_n nay_o tradition_n and_o the_o mutable_a and_o various_a construction_n of_o they_o in_o stead_n of_o a_o law_n if_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n as_o it_o be_v general_o affirm_v by_o the_o great_a man_n of_o the_o long_a robe_n be_v lex_n non_fw-la scripta_fw-la tradition_n the_o english_a law_n lex_fw-la non_fw-la scripta_fw-la more_o excellent_a than_o act_n of_o parliament_n &c_n &c_n and_o learn_v by_o tradition_n especial_o by_o sir_n john_n davis_n in_o his_o preface_n to_o his_o irish_a report_n where_o he_o contend_v and_o often_o aver_v that_o the_o common_a law_n of_o england_n be_v jus_fw-la non_fw-la scriptum_fw-la and_o more_o excellent_a than_o our_o write_a law_n namely_o statute_n or_o act_n of_o parliament_n also_o that_o it_o be_v a_o peculiar_a invention_n of_o this_o nation_n and_o deliver_v over_o from_o age_n to_o age_n by_o tradition_n nay_o that_o it_o be_v a_o tradition_n and_o learned_a by_o tradition_n as_o well_o as_o by_o book_n which_o make_v i_o wonder_v how_o the_o norman_n learn_v it_o so_o quick_o as_o to_o be_v judge_n of_o it_o and_o judge_v cause_n by_o it_o immediate_o upon_o the_o conquest_n when_o it_o be_v probable_a they_o understand_v not_o the_o english_a tongue_n it_o may_v be_v it_o be_v divine_o cast_v into_o their_o heart_n and_o they_o understand_v it_o by_o revelation_n but_o to_o return_v a_o little_a to_o the_o whimsy_n of_o rovill_n in_o his_o preface_n to_o the_o
salutem_fw-la ibidem_fw-la facite_fw-la simul_fw-la venire_fw-la omnes_fw-la illos_fw-la qui_fw-la terras_fw-la tenent_fw-la de_fw-la dominico_fw-la victu_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la de_fw-la heli._n et_fw-la volo_fw-la ut_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la eas_fw-la habeat_fw-la sicut_fw-la habebat_fw-la die_fw-la qua_fw-la edwardus_fw-la rex_fw-la fuit_fw-la vivus_fw-la &_o mortuus_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la aliquis_fw-la dixerit_fw-la quod_fw-la inde_fw-la de_fw-la meo_fw-la dono_fw-la aliquid_fw-la habeat_fw-la mandate_n mihi_fw-la magnitudinem_fw-la terrae_fw-la &_o quomodo_fw-la eam_fw-la reclamat_fw-la &_o ego_fw-la secundum_fw-la quod_fw-la audiero_n aut_fw-la ei_fw-la inde_fw-la escambitionem_fw-la reddam_fw-la aut_fw-la aliquid_fw-la faciam_fw-la facite_fw-la etiam_fw-la ut_fw-la abbas_n symeon_n habeat_fw-la omnes_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la abbatiam_fw-la pertinebant_fw-la die_fw-la quo_fw-la rex_fw-la edwardus_fw-la fuit_fw-la mortuus_fw-la si_fw-mi illi_fw-la qui_fw-la eas_fw-la habent_fw-la secum_fw-la concordare_fw-la noluerint_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la istud_fw-la placitum_fw-la summonere_fw-la willielmum_fw-la de_fw-la guaregna_fw-la &_o richardum_fw-la filium_fw-la comitis_fw-la gilberti_n &_o hugonem_fw-la de_fw-fr monteforti_a &_o golfridum_n de_fw-fr magnavilla_n &_o radulfum_n de_fw-fr belfo_n &_o herveum_fw-la bituriensem_fw-la &_o hardewinum_fw-la de_fw-la escaler_n &_o alios_fw-la quos_fw-la abbas_n vobis_fw-la nominabit_fw-la willielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la lanfranco_n archiepiscopo_fw-la &_o golfrido_n constantiensi_fw-la episcopo_fw-la salutem_fw-la ibid._n 94._o b._n facite_fw-la abbatem_fw-la de_fw-la heli_n resaisiri_fw-la n._n 6_o de_fw-la istis_fw-la terris_fw-la quas_fw-la isti_fw-la tenent_fw-la hugo_n de_fw-la monteforti_fw-la unum_fw-la manerium_fw-la nomine_fw-la bercham_n richardus_fw-la filius_fw-la comitis_fw-la gilleberti_fw-la brochesheve_fw-mi picotus_fw-la vicecome_v epintonam_fw-la hugo_n de_fw-fr berneriis_fw-la 3_o hidas_fw-la remigius_n episcopus_fw-la 1_o hidam_fw-la episcopus_fw-la baiocensis_fw-la 2_o hidas_fw-la frodo_fw-la frater_fw-la abbatis_fw-la 1_o manerium_fw-la duo_o carpentarii_fw-la 1_o hidam_fw-la &_o 3_o virg_n si_fw-mi ipse_fw-la abbas_n poterit_fw-la ostendere_fw-la supradictas_fw-la terras_fw-la esse_fw-la de_fw-la dominico_fw-la suae_fw-la eclesiae_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la supradicti_fw-la homines_fw-la non_fw-la poterint_fw-la ostendere_fw-la ut_fw-la eas_fw-la terras_fw-la habuissent_fw-la de_fw-la dono_fw-la meo_fw-la facite_fw-la etiam_fw-la quod_fw-la abbas_n praedictus_fw-la habeat_fw-la sacam_fw-la &_o socam_fw-la &_o alius_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la sicut_fw-la antecessor_n ejus_fw-la habuit_fw-la die_fw-la quâ_fw-la rex_fw-la aedwardus_fw-la fuit_fw-la vivus_fw-la &_o mortuus_fw-la willielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la lanfranco_n archiepiscopo_fw-la goisfrido_n constantino_n episcopo_fw-la &_o roberto_n comiti_fw-la de_fw-fr moritonio_n salutem_fw-la ibidem_fw-la facite_fw-la n._n 7_o simeonem_fw-la abbatem_fw-la habere_fw-la sacam_fw-la &_o socam_fw-la svam_fw-la prout_fw-la suus_fw-la antecessor_n habuit_fw-la tempore_fw-la regis_fw-la aedwardi_fw-la videlicet_fw-la de_fw-la quinque_fw-la hundret_fw-la de_fw-fr suthfulch_n &_o ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la viris_fw-la qui_fw-la terras_fw-la tenent_fw-la in_o illis_fw-la hundrez_n videte_fw-la ne_fw-la abbas_n praedictus_fw-la quicquam_fw-la injust_a perdat_fw-la &_o facite_fw-la ut_fw-la omne_fw-la sva_fw-la cum_fw-la magno_fw-la honore_fw-la teneat_fw-la willielmus_fw-la rex_fw-la anglorum_fw-la lanfranco_n archiepiscopo_fw-la &_o g._n episcopo_fw-la &_o r._n comiti_fw-la moritonio_n ibidem_fw-la salutem_fw-la defendite_fw-la ne_fw-la remigius_n episcopus_fw-la n._n 8_o novas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la requirat_fw-la infra_fw-la insulam_fw-la de_fw-la heli._n nolo_fw-la enim_fw-la ut_fw-la ibi_fw-la habeat_fw-la nisi_fw-la illud_fw-la quod_fw-la antecessor_n ejus_fw-la habebat_fw-la tempore_fw-la regis_fw-la aedwardi_fw-la scilicet_fw-la qua_fw-la die_fw-la ipse_fw-la rex_fw-la mortuus_fw-la est_fw-la et_fw-fr si_fw-fr remigius_n episcopus_fw-la inde_fw-la placitare_fw-la voluerit_fw-la placitet_fw-la inde_fw-la sicut_fw-la fecisset_fw-la tempore_fw-la regis_fw-la aedwardi_fw-la &_o placitum_fw-la istud_fw-la sit_fw-la in_o vestra_fw-la praesentia_fw-la de_fw-fr custodia_fw-la de_fw-fr norguic_fw-la abbatem_fw-la symeonem_fw-la quietum_fw-la esse_fw-la dimittite_fw-la sed_fw-la ibi_fw-la municionem_fw-la svam_fw-la conduci_fw-la faciat_fw-la &_o custodiri_fw-la facite_fw-la remanere_fw-la placitum_fw-la de_fw-la terris_fw-la quas_fw-la calumniantur_fw-la willielmus_fw-la de_fw-fr ou_fw-fr &_o radulfus_n filius_fw-la gualeranni_fw-la &_o robertus_fw-la gernon_n si_fw-la inde_fw-la placitare_fw-la noluerint_fw-la sicut_fw-la inde_fw-la placitassent_v tempore_fw-la regis_fw-la aedwardi_fw-la &_o sicut_fw-la in_o eodem_fw-la tempore_fw-la abbatia_n consuetudines_fw-la svas_fw-la habebat_fw-la volo_fw-la ut_fw-la eas_fw-la omnino_fw-la faciatis_fw-la habere_fw-la sicut_fw-la abbas_n per_fw-la cartas_fw-la svas_fw-la &_o per_fw-la testes_fw-la suos_fw-la eas_fw-la deplacitare_fw-la poterit_fw-la the_o conqueror_n charter_n of_o liberty_n to_o the_o city_n of_o london_n gront_v to_o william_n bishop_n of_o london_n give_v in_o the_o saxon_a language_n but_o thus_o english_v stowe_n f._n 535.739_o 740._o william_n king_n greet_v william_n bishop_n and_o godfrey_n portgrave_n n._n 9_o and_o all_o the_o burgess_n within_o london_n french_a and_o english_a and_o i_o grant_v that_o they_o be_v all_o law-worthy_a as_o they_o be_v in_o edward_n day_n the_o king_n and_o i_o will_v that_o each_o child_n be_v his_o father_n heir_n and_o i_o will_v not_o suffer_v that_o any_o man_n do_v you_o wrong_v and_o god_n you_o keep_v a_o alphabetical_a catalogue_n of_o the_o name_n of_o all_o the_o great_a tenant_n that_o hold_v all_o the_o land_n town_n manner_n and_o farm_n in_o england_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n mention_v in_o the_o survey_n thereof_o call_v doomesday-book_n numb_a 10._o a_o archiepiscopus_fw-la cantuariensis_n monachi_fw-la ejus_fw-la abbatia_n de_fw-fr berchinge_n abbatissa_fw-la de_fw-la eodem_fw-la abb._n de_fw-fr ely_n abb._n sancti_fw-la edmundi_fw-la abb._n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la abb._n sanctae_fw-la trinitat_fw-la de_fw-fr cadomo_n abbatissa_fw-la de_fw-la eodem_fw-la abb._n sancti_fw-la adoeni_fw-la abb._n sancti_fw-la benedicti_fw-la ramesii_n abb._n de_fw-fr hulmo_n abb._n de_fw-fr bernai_n abbatissa_fw-la de_fw-la ceterich_n abb._n sancti_fw-la augustini_fw-la abb._n de_fw-fr gand._n abb._n fiscamiensis_n abb._n wintoniensis_fw-la abb._n de_fw-fr certesis_fw-la alius_fw-la certesig_n abb._n sancti_fw-la wandregesili_n abb._n the_o cruse_n sancti_fw-la leutfredi_n abb._n glocestrensis_n abb._n gemeticensis_n abb._n glastoniae_fw-la abb._n middletunensis_n abb._n de_fw-fr grestam_fw-la abbatissa_fw-la de_fw-fr wincestre_fw-fr abbatissa_fw-la de_fw-la romesig_n abbatissa_fw-la romesiensis_fw-la abbatissa_fw-la de_fw-la warwelte_v abb._n the_o lyre_n abbatissa_fw-la de_fw-la eodem_fw-la abb._n wiltuniensis_n abb._n abindoniensis_n abb._n sancti_fw-la albani_n abb._n sancti_fw-la petri_n super_fw-la divam_fw-la abbatissa_fw-la de_fw-la ambresberie_n abb._n malmesburiensis_fw-la abb._n creneburnensis_n abbatissa_fw-la skeftesberiensis_n abb._n the_o cernel_n abb._n the_o abbedesberie_n abb._n de_fw-mi sancto_fw-it wallerico_n abb._n de_fw-fr adelingi_n abb._n sanctae_fw-la trin._n de_fw-fr cantorberia_n abb._n the_o hortune_n abb._n de_fw-fr tavestoch_n abbatissa_fw-la de_fw-la monasterio_n villarum_fw-la abb._n sanctae_fw-la trin._n rothomagi_n abb._n de_fw-fr winthelcumbe_n abb._n de_fw-fr pratellis_fw-la abb._n sancti_fw-la stephani_fw-la de_fw-fr cadomo_n abbatia_n de_fw-fr evesham_n abb._n the_o persore_n abb._n de_fw-fr coventre_fw-fr abb._n the_o cormely_n abb._n de_fw-fr eglesham_n abb._n de_fw-fr torni_n abb._n de_fw-fr croyland_n abb._n de_fw-fr burgh_n abb._n de_fw-fr berton_n abb._n de_fw-fr eborace_n willielmus_fw-la filius_fw-la ansculfi_n willielmus_fw-la alisius_n willielmus_fw-la arcuarius_fw-la willielmus_fw-la filius_fw-la azor._fw-la goscelinus_n filius_fw-la azor._fw-la gilo_n frater_fw-la ansculfi_n ainulphus_n vicecome_v albertus_n theodericus_fw-la aurifaber_n roger._n arundel_n robertus_fw-la de_fw-la albamarle_n ruald_a adobed_a ainulphus_n nigellus_n de_fw-fr albinio_n vrso_n de_fw-fr abatot_n david_n de_fw-fr argentoun_n henricus_fw-la filius_fw-la azor._fw-la robertus_fw-la albus_n walterus_n de_fw-fr aincourth_n goisfridus_n alscelinus_n osbernus_fw-la de_fw-la arcis_fw-la odo_n arbalistarius_fw-la norman_n de_fw-fr adreci_fw-fr ansgotus_fw-la edmundus_n filius_fw-la algoti_fw-la humfridus_n filius_fw-la alberici_fw-la aluredus_fw-la aldit_fw-la willielmus_fw-la de_fw-fr archis_z alsi_fw-la alius_fw-la elsi_n rabellus_n artifex_n gislebertus_n arbalistarius_fw-la bernardus_n arbalistarius_fw-la radulfus_n arbalistarius_fw-la robertus_fw-la arbalistarius_fw-la hugo_n alabarle_n bernardus_n accipitrarius_n ansgerus_n eldricus_fw-la aucipiter_n adelina_n vxor_fw-la hugonis_fw-la b_o willielmus_fw-la de_fw-fr braiose_fw-la willielmus_fw-la de_fw-la bertram_n gislebertus_n de_fw-fr breteville_n hugo_n filius_fw-la baldrici_fw-la willielmus_fw-la filius_fw-la balderon_n willielmus_fw-la belet_n rogerus_fw-la de_fw-la berchelai_n rogerus_fw-la de_fw-la belmont_n serlo_n de_fw-fr berci_n hugo_n de_fw-fr boscherberti_n rogerus_fw-la de_fw-la busli_n robertus_fw-la bastard_n aluredus_fw-la brito_fw-la nicholas_n balistarius_n robertus_fw-la blundus_fw-la radulfus_n baignard_n hugo_n the_o bello-campo_a goisfridus_n de_fw-fr bech_n goisbertus_n de_fw-fr belvaco_n maigno_fw-la vel_fw-la maimo_fw-la brito_fw-la hugo_n de_fw-fr bolebech_n nigellus_n de_fw-fr bereville_n gozelinus_fw-la brito_fw-la vrso_fw-it de_fw-la berseres_fw-la radulfus_n de_fw-fr berchelai_n walterus_n balistarius_n baldevinus_fw-la humfridus_n de_fw-fr buivile_n hugo_n de_fw-fr berner_n vxor_fw-la bosselini_n de_fw-fr dive_v robertus_fw-la de_fw-la buci_fw-la drogo_n de_fw-fr beureria_n willielmus_fw-la buenvalet_fw-la ogerius_fw-la brito_fw-la rainaldus_n de_fw-fr balgaiole_n badulfus_n de_fw-fr burun_n rainerus_n de_fw-fr bruemont_n alias_o brunon_n waldinus_n brito_fw-la odo_n balistarius_n willielmus_fw-la blandus_n heppo_n balistarius_n tibellus_fw-la brito_fw-la rogerus_fw-la bigotus_fw-la radulfus_n
nâ—c_fw-la non_fw-la per_fw-la fide_fw-la jussionem_fw-la wintoniensis_fw-la &_o norwicensis_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la cestrensis_fw-la &_o wintoniensis_fw-la &_o willielmi_n mareschalli_n comitum_fw-la ita_fw-la quòd_fw-la tam_fw-la haeredes_fw-la ipsius_fw-la regis_fw-la quà m_fw-la successores_fw-la eorum_fw-la tenebuntur_fw-la astricti_fw-la quocirca_fw-la per_fw-la apostolica_fw-la tibi_fw-la scripta_fw-la praecipienda_fw-la mandamus_fw-la quatenùs_fw-la secundum_fw-la formam_fw-la praescriptam_fw-la procedere_fw-la non_fw-la postponas_fw-la nisi_fw-la de_fw-fr mera_fw-fr &_o libera_fw-la voluntate_fw-la part_n aliter_fw-la duxerint_fw-la componendum_fw-la datum_n laterani_n chart._n 16._o johannis_n n._n 67._o ego_fw-la johannes_n dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la rex_fw-la anglie_a dominus_fw-la hibernie_n dux_n normannie_n n._n 108_o aquitanie_n et_fw-la comes_fw-la andegavie_n prestito_fw-la juramento_fw-la promitto_fw-la quod_fw-la tantam_fw-la pecuniam_fw-la in_o manus_fw-la venerabilium_fw-la patrum_fw-la stephani_fw-la cantuariensis_n archiepiscopi_fw-la et_fw-la gulielmi_n londinensis_fw-la hugonis_fw-la lincolniensis_fw-la ac_fw-la eustachii_n elyensis_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la vel_fw-la eorum_fw-la quos_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la duxerint_fw-la deputandos_fw-la restituam_fw-la iis_fw-la quibus_fw-la facienda_fw-la est_fw-la restitutio_fw-la computatis_fw-la illis_fw-la que_fw-la persolvi_fw-la eidem_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la &_o episcopis_fw-la aut_fw-la aliis_fw-la hoc_fw-la negotium_fw-la contingentibus_fw-la de_fw-la ipsius_fw-la consilio_fw-la vel_fw-la mandato_fw-la quod_fw-la summam_fw-la quadraginta_fw-la millium_fw-la marcarum_fw-la complebo_fw-la quibus_fw-la solutis_fw-la &_o cautione_n prestita_fw-la inferius_fw-la annotata_fw-la nec_fw-la non_fw-la relaxata_fw-la sententia_fw-la interdiâ—i_fw-la deinde_fw-la singulis_fw-la annis_fw-la duodecim_fw-la niâ—llia_fw-la marcarum_fw-la in_o duobus_fw-la terminis_fw-la commemoratione_n videlicet_fw-la omnium_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la sex_n millia_fw-la &_o totidem_fw-la festo_fw-la ascensionis_fw-la apud_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la sancti_fw-la pauli_n londonie_n ejusdem_fw-la faciam_fw-la exhiberi_fw-la donec_fw-la tota_fw-la summa_fw-la fuerit_fw-la persoluta_fw-la que_fw-la taxante_fw-la summo_fw-la pontifice_fw-la declarabitur_fw-la per_fw-la inquisitionem_fw-la de_fw-la mandato_fw-la ejus_fw-la proinde_fw-la faciendam_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la fideliter_fw-la exequendum_fw-la obligo_fw-la i_o per_fw-la proprium_fw-la juramentum_fw-la ac_fw-la per_fw-la patentes_fw-la literas_fw-la sigillo_fw-la meo_fw-la munitas_fw-la nec_fw-la non_fw-la pro_fw-la fidejussione_n venerabilium_fw-la patrum_fw-la petri_n wintoniensis_fw-la &_o johannis_n norwicensis_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la ac_fw-la nobilium_fw-la virorum_fw-la cestrensis_fw-la &_o wyntoniensis_fw-la comitum_fw-la &_o willielmi_n briwerr_n &_o willielmi_n marescalli_n comitis_fw-la de_fw-fr pembroc_n si_fw-la fuerit_fw-la presen_v in_fw-la anglia_fw-it vel_fw-la comitis_fw-la de_fw-la ferrariis_fw-la seu_fw-la comitis_fw-la arundel_n si_fw-la dominus_fw-la willielmus_fw-la marescallus_fw-la forsitan_fw-la absens_fw-la fuerit_fw-la eorum_fw-la juramentis_fw-la &_o literis_fw-la roboratam_fw-la ita_fw-la quod_fw-la tam_fw-la haeredes_fw-la mei_fw-la quam_fw-la successores_fw-la eorum_fw-la pari_fw-la obligatione_fw-la teneantur_fw-la astricti_fw-la et_fw-la si_fw-la forsitan_fw-la quisquam_fw-la de_fw-la successoribus_fw-la eorundem_fw-la vel_fw-la nequiverint_fw-la vel_fw-la noluerint_fw-la ad_fw-la hanc_fw-la obligationem_fw-la induci_fw-la ego_fw-la alium_fw-la idoneum_fw-la fidejussorem_fw-la constituam_fw-la secundum_fw-la formam_fw-la inferius_fw-la annotatam_fw-la actum_fw-la autem_fw-la est_fw-la hoc_fw-la apud_fw-la andegavum_n xvii_o die_v junii_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la xuj_o coram_fw-la magistro_fw-la pandulpho_n domini_fw-la papae_fw-la subdiacono_fw-la &_o familiari_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la spâ—cialiter_fw-la destinato_fw-la in_o presentia_fw-la venerabilium_fw-la patrum_fw-la johannis_n norwicensis_fw-la &_o w._n andegavensis_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la ranulphi_n comitis_fw-la cestriae_fw-la willielmi_n comitis_fw-la de_fw-la ferrariis_fw-la magistri_fw-la alani_n &_o walteri_fw-la clericorum_fw-la domini_fw-la cantuariensis_n archiepiscopi_fw-la reginaldi_n de_fw-fr pontibus_fw-la senioris_fw-la pagani_n de_fw-fr rupeforti_n &_o thomae_fw-la de_fw-fr erdinton_n willielmus_fw-la comes_fw-la de_fw-la ferrariis_fw-la omnibus_fw-la presen_v scriptum_fw-la visuris_fw-la salutem_fw-la in_o domino_fw-la pat._n 16._o johannis_n parte_fw-la primâ_fw-la m._n 17._o dor_n noveritis_fw-la quod_fw-la cum_fw-la dominus_fw-la meus_fw-la johannes_n rex_fw-la illustris_fw-la anglorum_fw-la singulis_n annis_fw-la post_fw-la relaxationem_fw-la interdicti_fw-la n._n 109_o duodecim_fw-la millia_fw-la marcarum_fw-la in_o duobus_fw-la terminis_fw-la commemoratione_n videlicet_fw-la omnium_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la sex_n millia_fw-la marcarum_fw-la &_o totidem_fw-la in_o ascensione_n domini_fw-la in_o manus_fw-la venerabilium_fw-la patrum_fw-la stephani_fw-la cantuariensis_n archiepiscopi_fw-la londinensis_fw-la elyensis_fw-la ac_fw-la lincolniensis_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la vel_fw-la eorum_fw-la quos_fw-la ipsi_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la duxerint_fw-la deputandos_fw-la in_o ecclesia_fw-la sancti_fw-la pauli_n london_n teneatur_fw-la solvere_fw-la donec_fw-la tota_fw-la summa_fw-la fuerit_fw-la persoluta_fw-la que_fw-la taxante_fw-la summo_fw-la pontifice_fw-la declarabitur_fw-la per_fw-la inquisitionem_fw-la de_fw-la mandato_fw-la ejus_fw-la proinde_fw-la faciendam_fw-la ego_fw-la una_fw-la cum_fw-la aliis_fw-la quinque_fw-la confidejussoribus_fw-la constitui_fw-la i_o fidejussorem_fw-la in_o solido_fw-la pro_fw-la ipso_fw-la rege_fw-la &_o heredibus_fw-la suis_fw-la per_fw-la solennem_fw-la stipulationem_fw-la promitiens_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la ipse_fw-la aut_fw-la heres_fw-la suus_fw-la quod_fw-la absit_fw-la in_o solutione_n antedicta_fw-la cessavit_fw-la ego_fw-la infra_fw-la quatuor_fw-la menses_fw-la postquam_fw-la fuero_fw-la ammonitus_fw-la vel_fw-la requisitus_fw-la sine_fw-la dilatione_fw-la &_o difficultate_fw-la qualibet_fw-la inde_fw-la satisfaciam_fw-la eisdem_fw-la pro_fw-la quo_fw-la observando_fw-la obligavi_fw-la i_n &_o omne_fw-la bona_fw-la mea_fw-la renuncian_n in_o hoc_fw-la privilegio_fw-la fori_fw-la &_o nove_fw-la constitutionis_fw-la beneficio_fw-la omnique_fw-la alii_fw-la exceptioni_fw-la mihi_fw-la competenti_fw-la vel_fw-la competiture_n insuper_fw-la tactis_fw-la sacrosanctis_a evangeliis_fw-la juravi_fw-la in_o presentia_fw-la domini_fw-la pandulfi_n domini_fw-la papae_fw-la subdiaconi_fw-la &_o ejus_fw-la familiaris_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la destinati_fw-la &_o johannis_n norwicensis_n episcopi_fw-la some_fw-mi de_fw-fr erdinton_n et_fw-la magistri_fw-la alani_n et_fw-la walteri_fw-la clericorum_fw-la domini_fw-la cantuariensis_n archiepiscopi_fw-la i_o bona_fw-la fide_fw-la &_o sine_fw-la fraud_n observaturum_fw-la hec_fw-la omne_fw-la antedicta_fw-la &_o in_o huius_fw-la rei_fw-la testimonium_fw-la huic_fw-la scripto_fw-la sigillum_fw-la meum_fw-la apposui_fw-la actum_fw-la apud_fw-la rochfort_n rupem_fw-la fortem_fw-la xvii_o die_v junii_fw-la anno_fw-la regni_fw-la regis_fw-la johannis_n 16._o pat._n 15._o johan_n parte_fw-la secundâ_fw-la m._n 8._o intus_fw-la rex_fw-la venerabili_fw-la patri_fw-la in_o christo_fw-la stephano_n dei_fw-la gratiae_n cantuariensi_fw-la archiepiscopo_fw-la etc._n etc._n johannes_n eâdem_fw-la gratia_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la etc._n etc._n sciatis_fw-la quod_fw-la per_fw-la have_v literas_fw-la nostras_fw-la patentes_fw-la protestamur_fw-la quod_fw-la ad_fw-la nos_fw-la nullatenus_fw-la n._n 110_o pertinet_fw-la clericos_fw-la utlagare_fw-la testae_fw-la meipso_fw-la apud_fw-la templum_fw-la de_fw-fr ewell_n xv_o die_v maii_n anno_fw-la etc._n etc._n decimo_fw-la quinto_fw-la these_o letter_n patent_n bear_v date_n the_o same_o day_n with_o the_o resignation_n of_o his_o crown_n to_o pandulph_n at_o the_o house_n of_o the_o temple_n near_o dover_n see_v here_o n._n 98._o which_o house_n may_v be_v in_o this_o temple_n ewell_n ibid._n m._n 8._o dor_n omnibus_fw-la christi_fw-la fidelibus_fw-la ad_fw-la quos_fw-la presen_v scriptum_fw-la pervenerit_fw-la e._n dei_fw-la n._n 111_o gratia_fw-la abbas_n et_fw-la conventus_fw-la r._n salutem_fw-la in_o domino_fw-la vniversitati_fw-la vestre_fw-fr notum_fw-la esse_fw-la volumus_fw-la quod_fw-la dominus_fw-la noster_fw-la johannes_n dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la rex_fw-la etc._n etc._n nobis_fw-la &_o ecclesie_n nostre_fw-fr plene_fw-la satisfecit_fw-la super_fw-la universis_fw-la quae_fw-la per_fw-la ipsum_fw-la vel_fw-la aliquem_fw-la suorum_fw-la ad_fw-la opus_fw-la suum_fw-la ex_fw-la bonis_fw-la domus_fw-la nostre_fw-fr percepta_fw-la sunt_fw-la ab_fw-la initio_fw-la currentis_fw-la interdicti_fw-la usque_fw-la ad_fw-la talem_fw-la diem_fw-la anni_fw-la regni_fw-la ejusdem_fw-la xuj_o et_fw-la in_o huius_fw-la sue_v plene_fw-la satisfactionis_fw-la &_o nostre_fw-fr quiet_a clamationis_fw-la robur_fw-la et_fw-la testimonium_fw-la presenti_fw-la scripto_fw-la sigillum_fw-la capituli_fw-la nostri_fw-la duximus_fw-la apponendum_fw-la king_n john_n great_a charter_n as_o it_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o matthew_n paris_n fol._n 255._o n._n 50._o compare_v with_o the_o manuscript_n in_o bennet_n college_n library_n and_o translate_v and_o divide_v into_o article_n or_o chapter_n johannes_n dei_fw-la gratia_fw-la rex_fw-la angliae_fw-la archiepiscopis_fw-la &_o episcopis_fw-la etc._n etc._n in_o a_o manuscript_n book_n of_o law_n in_o corpus_fw-la christi_fw-la coll._n library_n in_o cambridge_n etc._n etc._n sciatis_fw-la nos_fw-la intuitu_fw-la dei_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la salute_n animae_fw-la nostrae_fw-la &_o antecessorum_fw-la omnium_fw-la &_o haeredum_fw-la meorum_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la honorem_fw-la dâ—i_fw-la &_o exaltationem_fw-la s._n ecclesiae_fw-la &_o emendationem_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la per_fw-la consilium_fw-la venerabilium_fw-la patrum_fw-la nostrorum_fw-la stephani_fw-la cantuariensis_n archiepiscopi_fw-la totius_fw-la angliae_fw-la primatis_fw-la &_o sanctae_fw-la romanae_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la cardinalis_fw-la henrici_fw-la dublingensis_fw-la archiepiscopi_fw-la willielmi_n londinensis_fw-la episcopi_fw-la n._n 112_o petri_n wintoniensis_fw-la jocelini_fw-la bathoniensis_fw-la &_o glastron_fw-la '_o hugonis_fw-la lincolniensis_fw-la walteri_fw-la wigornensis_n willielmi_n coventrensis_n benedicti_fw-la roffensis_fw-la episcoporum_fw-la &_o magistri_fw-la pandulphi_n domini_fw-la papae_fw-la subdiaconi_fw-la &_o familiaris_fw-la fratris_fw-la magistri_fw-la militiae_fw-la templi_fw-la angliae_fw-la &_o nobilium_fw-la
judaeis_n if_o any_o one_o shall_v die_v indebt_v to_o the_o jew_n his_o wife_n shall_v have_v her_o dower_n and_o pay_v nothing_o of_o that_o debt_n and_o if_o the_o defunct_a leave_v child_n under_o age_n they_o shall_v have_v necessary_n provide_v for_o they_o according_a to_o the_o tenement_n i._n e._n the_o real_a estate_n of_o the_o defunct_a and_o with_o the_o residue_n or_o overplus_n the_o debt_n shall_v be_v pay_v save_v the_o service_n of_o the_o lord_n on_o who_o his_o tenement_n be_v hold_v in_o like_a manner_n the_o debt_n due_a to_o other_o person_n than_o jew_n shall_v be_v satisfy_v fourteen_o nullum_fw-la scutagium_fw-la vel_fw-la auxilium_fw-la ponam_fw-la in_o regno_fw-la nostro_fw-la nisi_fw-la per_fw-la common_a consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la nostri_fw-la nisi_fw-la ad_fw-la corpus_fw-la nostrum_fw-la redimendum_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la primogenitum_fw-la filium_fw-la nostrum_fw-la militem_fw-la faciendum_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la primogenitam_fw-la filiam_fw-la nostram_fw-la semel_fw-la maritandam_fw-la et_fw-la ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la non_fw-la fiet_fw-la nisi_fw-la rationabile_fw-la auxilium_fw-la i_o will_v not_o exact_a or_o levy_v any_o scutage_n or_o aid_n in_o our_o kingdom_n without_o the_o common_a advice_n or_o counsel_n of_o our_o kingdom_n unless_o to_o redeem_v our_o body_n and_o to_o make_v our_o elder_a son_n knight_n and_o once_o to_o marry_v our_o elder_a daughter_n and_o for_o this_o there_o shall_v only_o be_v pay_v a_o reasonable_a aid_n xv._o simili_fw-la modo_fw-la fiat_fw-la de_fw-la auxiliis_fw-la de_fw-fr civitate_fw-la londinensi_fw-la &_o civitas_n londoniensis_fw-la habeat_fw-la omnes_fw-la antiquas_fw-la libertates_fw-la &_o liberas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la svas_fw-la tam_fw-la per_fw-la terras_fw-la quam_fw-la per_fw-la aquas_fw-la in_o like_a manner_n it_o shall_v be_v concern_v the_o aid_n of_o the_o city_n of_o london_n and_o the_o city_n of_o london_n shall_v have_v all_o its_o ancient_a liberty_n and_o free_a custom_n as_o well_o by_o land_n as_o by_o water_n xvi_o praeterea_fw-la volumus_fw-la &_o concedimus_fw-la quod_fw-la omnes_fw-la aliae_fw-la civitates_fw-la &_o burgi_n &_o villae_fw-la &_o barones_n the_o quinque_fw-la portubus_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la portus_fw-la habeant_fw-la omnes_fw-la libertates_fw-la &_o omnes_fw-la liberas_fw-la consuetudines_fw-la svas_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la habendum_fw-la commune_v consilium_fw-la regni_fw-la de_fw-la auxiliis_fw-la assidendis_fw-la aliter_fw-la quam_fw-la in_o tribus_fw-la casibus_fw-la praedictis_fw-la furthermore_o we_o will_v and_o grant_v that_o all_o other_o citiâ—s_n and_o burghâ—_n and_o town_n and_o baron_n of_o the_o cinque_fw-fr or_o five_o port_n and_o all_o port_n shall_v have_v all_o their_o liberty_n and_o free_a custom_n and_o shall_v have_v the_o common_a advice_n of_o the_o kingdom_n concern_v the_o assessment_n of_o their_o aid_n or_o shall_v send_v their_o representative_n or_o commissioner_n to_o the_o common_a council_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o the_o assessment_n of_o their_o aid_n otherwise_o than_o in_o the_o three_o case_n aforesaid_a xvii_o et_fw-fr de_fw-fr scutagiis_fw-la assidendis_fw-la submoneri_fw-la faciemus_fw-la archiepiscopos_fw-la episcopos_fw-la abbates_n comites_fw-la &_o majores_fw-la barones_n regni_fw-la singillatim_fw-la per_fw-la literas_fw-la nostras_fw-la and_o for_o the_o assessing_n of_o scutage_n we_o shall_v cause_v to_o be_v summon_v the_o archbishop_n bishop_n abbat_n earl_n and_o great_a baron_n of_o the_o kingdom_n single_o and_o personal_o by_o our_o letter_n i._n e._n writ_n xviii_o et_fw-la praeterea_fw-la faciemus_fw-la submoneri_fw-la in_o generali_fw-la per_fw-la vicecomites_fw-la &_o ballivos_fw-la nostros_fw-la omnes_fw-la alios_fw-la qui_fw-la in_o capite_fw-la tenent_fw-la de_fw-la nobis_fw-la ad_fw-la certum_fw-la diem_fw-la scilicet_fw-la ad_fw-la terminum_fw-la quadraginta_fw-la dierum_fw-la ad_fw-la minus_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la certum_fw-la locum_fw-la in_fw-la omnibus_fw-la literis_fw-la submonitionis_fw-la illius_fw-la causam_fw-la submonitionis_fw-la illius_fw-la exponemus_fw-la and_o furthermore_o we_o shall_v cause_v to_o be_v summon_v in_o general_a by_o our_o sheriff_n and_o bailiff_n all_o other_o which_o hold_v of_o we_o in_o capiâ—e_fw-la at_o a_o certain_a day_n that_o be_v to_o say_v forty_o day_n at_o least_o i_o suppose_v before_o the_o time_n of_o meeting_n though_o not_o express_v and_o to_o a_o certain_a place_n in_o all_o writ_n of_o such_o summons_n we_o will_v declare_v the_o cause_n of_o it_o xix_o et_fw-la sic_fw-la facta_fw-la submonitione_fw-la negotium_fw-la procedat_fw-la ad_fw-la diem_fw-la assignatum_fw-la secundum_fw-la consilium_fw-la eorum_fw-la qui_fw-la praesentes_fw-la fuerint_fw-la quamvis_fw-la non_fw-la omnes_fw-la submoniti_fw-la venerint_fw-la and_o summon_v be_v thus_o make_v the_o business_n mention_v in_o they_o shall_v proceed_v according_a to_o the_o advice_n of_o such_o as_o shall_v be_v present_a although_o all_o that_o be_v summon_v come_v not_o xx._n nos_fw-la non_fw-la concedimus_fw-la de_fw-fr caetero_fw-la alicui_fw-la quod_fw-la capiat_fw-la auxilium_fw-la de_fw-la liberis_fw-la hominibus_fw-la suis_fw-la nisi_fw-la ad_fw-la corpus_fw-la suum_fw-la redimendum_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la primogenitum_fw-la filium_fw-la suum_fw-la militem_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la primogenitam_fw-la filiam_fw-la svam_fw-la semel_fw-la maritandam_fw-la &_o ad_fw-la hoc_fw-la non_fw-la fiat_fw-la nisi_fw-la rationabile_fw-la auxilium_fw-la we_o will_v not_o for_o the_o future_a grant_n to_o any_o one_o that_o he_o may_v take_v aid_n of_o his_o freeman_n unless_o to_o redeem_v his_o body_n and_o to_o make_v his_o elder_a son_n knight_n and_o once_o to_o marry_v his_o elder_a daughter_n and_o for_o this_o there_o shall_v only_o be_v pay_v a_o reasonable_a aid_n xxi_o nullus_fw-la distringatur_fw-la ad_fw-la faciendum_fw-la majus_fw-la servitium_fw-la de_fw-la feudo_fw-la mllitis_fw-la nec_fw-la de_fw-la alio_fw-la libero_fw-la tenemento_fw-it de_fw-fr est_fw-fr verbum_fw-la quam_fw-la quod_fw-la inde_fw-la debetur_fw-la no_o man_n shall_v be_v distrein_v to_o perform_v more_o service_n for_o a_o knight_n fee_n or_o other_o free_a tenent_n than_o what_o be_v due_a from_o it_o xxii_o communia_fw-la placita_fw-la non_fw-la sequantur_fw-la curiam_fw-la nostram_fw-la sed_fw-la teneantur_fw-la in_o aliquo_fw-la loco_fw-la certo_fw-la recognitiones_fw-la de_fw-la nova_fw-la disseisina_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr morte_fw-la antecessoris_fw-la &_o de_fw-fr ultima_fw-la praesentatione_fw-la non_fw-la capiantur_fw-la nisi_fw-la in_o so_o in_o a_o manuscript_n book_n of_o law_n in_o corpus_fw-la christi_fw-la library_n in_o cambridge_n comitatibus_fw-la suis_fw-la &_o hoc_fw-la modo_fw-la nos_fw-la vel_fw-la si_fw-la extra_fw-la regnum_fw-la fuerimus_fw-la capitalis_fw-la justitiarius_n noster_fw-la mitâ—et_fw-la justitiarios_fw-la nostos_fw-la per_fw-la unumquemque_fw-la comitatum_fw-la per_fw-la tres_fw-la vice_n semel_fw-la in_o anno_fw-la qui_fw-la cum_fw-la militibus_fw-la comitatuum_fw-la capiant_fw-la in_o comitatibus_fw-la assisas_fw-la praedictas_fw-la common_a plea_n shall_v not_o follow_v our_o court_n but_o shall_v be_v hold_v in_o some_o certain_a place_n trial_n upon_o the_o writ_n of_o novel_a disseisin_n death_n of_o the_o ancestor_n and_o last_o presentment_n to_o benefice_n shall_v not_o be_v but_o in_o their_o proper_a county_n and_o after_o this_o manner_n we_o or_o if_o out_o of_o the_o kingdom_n our_o capital_a or_o chief_a justiciary_a shall_v send_v our_o justiciaries_n through_o every_o county_n once_o in_o a_o year_n who_o with_o the_o knight_n of_o the_o county_n shall_v hold_v those_o plea_n and_o trial_n or_o take_v verdict_n concern_v they_o xxiii_o et_fw-la ea_fw-la quae_fw-la in_o illo_fw-la adventu_fw-la svo_fw-la in_o comitatibus_fw-la per_fw-la justiciarios_fw-la praedictos_fw-la ad_fw-la praedictas_fw-la assisas_fw-la capiendas_fw-la missos_fw-la terminari_fw-la non_fw-la possunt_fw-la per_fw-la eosdem_fw-la propter_fw-la difficultatem_fw-la articulorum_fw-la aliquorum_fw-la terminari_fw-la non_fw-la possunt_fw-la referantur_fw-la ad_fw-la justiciarios_fw-la nostros_fw-la de_fw-la banco_n and_o those_o thing_n which_o at_o the_o come_n of_o the_o justice_n into_o the_o county_n send_v to_o take_v or_o hold_v the_o say_a trial_n or_o assize_n can_v be_v determine_v shall_v be_v determine_v otherwhere_o in_o their_o circuit_n or_o iter_fw-la and_o those_o thing_n which_o for_o the_o difficulty_n of_o some_o article_n can_v be_v determine_v be_v refer_v to_o our_o justice_n of_o the_o bench._n xxiv_o assisae_fw-la de_fw-la ultima_fw-la praesentatione_fw-la ecclesiarum_fw-la semper_fw-la capiantur_fw-la coram_fw-la justiciariis_fw-la de_fw-la banco_n &_o ibi_fw-la terminentur_fw-la assize_n of_o the_o last_o presentation_n of_o church_n shall_v always_o be_v take_v before_o the_o justice_n of_o the_o bench_n and_o there_o determine_v xxv_o libre_fw-la homo_fw-la non_fw-la amercietur_fw-la pro_fw-la parvo_fw-la delicto_fw-la nisi_fw-la secundum_fw-la modum_fw-la ipsius_fw-la delicti_fw-la &_o pro_fw-la magno_fw-la delicto_fw-la secundum_fw-la magnitudinem_fw-la delicti_fw-la salvo_fw-la from_o the_o word_n continere_fw-la signify_v alere_fw-la sumptus_fw-la facere_fw-la from_o whence_o contenementum_fw-la signify_v livelihood_n or_o way_n of_o live_v du_n fresa_n in_o the_o word_n contenementum_fw-la contenemento_fw-it svo_fw-la et_fw-la mercator_fw-la eodem_fw-la modo_fw-la salva_fw-la marchandisa_fw-la sva_fw-la a_o freeman_n shall_v not_o be_v amercy_v for_o a_o small_a fault_n but_o according_a to_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o fault_n and_o for_o a_o great_a crime_n according_a to_o the_o heinousness_n of_o it_o save_v his_o livelihood_n and_o