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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A58318	The judgment of urines. By Robert Record Doctor of Physick Whereunto is added an ingenious treatise concerning physicians, apothecaries, and chirurgeons, set forth by an eminent physitian in Queen Elizabeths dayes. With a translation of Papius Ahalsossa concerning apothecaries confecting their medicines; worthy perusing, and imitating.	Record, Robert, 1510?-1558.; Pape, Joseph, 1558-1622. aut	1679 (1679)	Wing R650A; ESTC R220684	54,269	145

mans bodie But to return to this matter that is in hand One other stop of urine there is which doth not clean let it but causeth it to avoid lesser then it should and this commeth of like causes as that other last did save that the cause is less according as the stay of urine is and therefore the cure in both is much like For if it come of weakness of the expulsive vertue then with the use of other hot meats and drinks those medicines are good which doe provoke urine as these be that follow Medicines which doe provoke urine Annise-seed Ally-saunders Alkakengi Basyle Bylgrum Cammock Charlock Chervell Carawayes Calamus Aromaticus Cubebes Dictany of Candie Dragance Fumitorie Fatchys Flower delyce Garlike Ground pine Ginger Helecompane Honey Juniper and the Berries Lase saverie Leeks Mints Margerom Maiden hair Navew Nepte Negella Romana Nettle Pepper Pye Ryall Quinces Rue Rosemary Rocquet Savine Sage Saverie Time Valerion Wild Marjoram Wild Parseley Wild Time Water Cresses Woodbinde with many other and namely those for the most part which I named before to be good for the stone But there must be discretion in the use of them Besides those is there a disease named the Strangurie which some corruptly call the Strangurion in which Disease the urine doth continually drop forth Excess of urine as fast as it cometh into the bladder And therefore may it well be noted the first kinde of such griefs as provoke forth and further urine excessively For that strangurie these Medicines following are noted good Medicines for the Strangurie Alisander Astra Bacca Brokelime Ceder berries Ceterake Calamus Aromaticus Gladiane Knot grasse Kneholm Sperage Seholm Spatula Fetida Turpentine washed Wilde Fennell Water mints But you must consider as I have often said that as the disease may come of sundry causes so it must have sundry cures For most commonly these are good that I have written yet such may bee the cause of the sickness that they may do harme therefore take alwayes counsell of some learned Physitian Another kinde of excessive making of urine cometh of the weakness of the retentive vertue in the reins whereby the Patient pisseth as fast as he drinketh Flux of urine Pissing euill The piss gout and that in like quantitie This I may call the flux of urine or pissing evill or after the imitation of the Greeks the pisse gout For which disease it is not greatly commendable to set forth medicines with the onely bare names Howbeit if I doe it I trust no man will the rather misuse them namely being warned so often to take no medicines without counsell and specially in this thing For some of the Medicines must be received inwardly and some of them emplaistred outwardly Medicines for the pissing evill Apples Dates Elecompane Perys Myrtle Berries Night shade Cycory Comferie Endive Paritarie Penny wort Lettis Lintels Pomegranat Purselane Vine leaves Other defaults there be of excess of urine as of them which cannot keep their urine and namely of children which pisse their beds This disease cometh oftentimes of the dissolution of the muscle which should keep the urine and therefore requireth cure meet for it and unmeet for this place and such shortnesse Wherefore for this time here I will make an end trusting that all men will with as gentle heart receive this my writing as I of gentleness have taken the pains to set it forth Additions Of the diversities of Colours and of the making of them BEcause that it is not very easie for every man to distinguish colours duly asunder I thought it good at the end of this Book a little to touch the distinction and making of them namely of such as are mentioned before in this Book Milk white Milk white by the name of it self doth sufficiently declare what it is for it is the very colour of milk though the substance need not to be so thick in the urine as in the milk for the colour must be understood several from the substance both in this and all other colours which thing would be remembred for it might else as it hath often done deceive the simple folk Horn white Horn white in like manner hath his name of the thing that it assimuleth most for it is like the white and cleer part of a horn of a lanthorn or such like Grey Grey is like the white part of a mans nail next unto the joynt or like hoar hair that is not very white for gray is so much darker then horn white as horn white is darker then milk white Pale Pale colour hath a certain appearance of yellow in it but is exceeding little If you seeth a peece of the rind of Pomegranate and then put to it thrice as much clean water it will be a pale colour Flaxen But if you put thereto little or no clean water it will be flaxen coloured that is somewhat more yellower then pale Pale After it followeth pale which is a kind of light yellow something lighter in colour then crown gold Yellow For the colour of pure gold as an angell or royall is a right yellow colour Light saffron A light saffron colour is that colour that saffron doth make when it is steeped in water and laid light on any white For if it be laid on deep then doth it make a full saffron colour Saffron For that is called a saffron colour which saffron doth die and not that that is in the saffron it self Red. Claret For that is very red and is higher then claret which is a mean colour between saffron and red as if it were made of them both mixed together Crimson Crimson is a dark bloody colour well known by his own name but is not in urine so light as it sheweth in cloth Purple Purple needeth not to be much described being so commonly known howbeit if you will see the making of it mixe a dark crimson with an orient blew and it will be purple And because that many men be deceived in the latin name of this colour you shall observe that it is not that which in Latin is called Purpureus color as most men think for that is rather a crimson but it is called more peculiarly Purpura violacea or Passeus color Blew Blew colour is the colour of the cleer Skie or of Azure Howbeit in urine it is not so orient but if you will mix pure white as white lead or pure lime with due portion of right black as cole dust or other like then there will of these amount that blew which is ascribed to urine Green Green is a compound colour of blew and yellow duly tempred together And the right green have I in this Book called a stark green Stark green But if the yellow do exceed in it then is it a light green and contrariwise if the blue do exceed Light green then is it a dark green Of this

have no ground at all nor other orderly content and that will I doe by the order of the colours of the urine according as Actuarius proceedeth The urine that is very white and exceeding thin and so lacketh the ground doth betoken either some notable obstruction either immoderate cold or else cruditie and lack of concoction And as these tokens may be greater or lesser so shall the things which they betoken bee judged in like rate either more or lesser But if the urine bee pale coloured or flaxen and then lacketh contents as it doth declare lesser obstruction so it doth signifie as great cruditie as the other before And so shall you judge of urine that is yellow or flaxen coloured For in them it appeareth that naturall heat doth prevail Notwithstanding such things I mean the default of the ground with those colours may chance as often they doe through vehement pain immoderate labour long watching and also default of matter But such urines as be higher coloured then these that I have named by their colours they declare the qualities of the humours which doe prevail and also betoken a certain putrefaction and cruditie in the veins It chanceth also sometimes that some gathering sore being in some of the principall members by his unnaturall heat withdraw thither the matter even as it were by cupping and so doth cause the urine to have no ground And though indeed it is never a good token to lack the ground in a urine yet it is lesse to be complained of if the colour and substance draw nigh to a mean for in such a case it betokeneth that though nature be somewhat slack yet will shee shortly gather strength so that there shall appear a ground in the urine Now to shew you the reason why it chanceth no ground to appear in the urine First in case of cruditie when there wanteth perfect concoction there must needs want also the contents in the urine for they are the excrements as you might say and the superfluities of the third concoction Likewise though concoction be perfect enough yet may there want the contents if there be any notable obstruction or stopping of the veins namely seeing the contents are somewhat gross of substance and therefore unable to pass if the way be any thing stop● After the same sort shall you judge of long fasting and default of meat and moreover of such meats as are unapt to concoct For in all such cases there can be ingendred few or no contents And contrariwise though nature doe work many superfluities yet if the wombe be so loose that it yeeldeth many seges then as the urine shall be the lesser so shall the contents be few or none for nature then doth expel by sege those superfluities which should cause the contents And likewise when there is in any part of the bodie an inflammation or excessive heat which doth draw matter to it either that any of those parts are weak unto which nature is wont to expell such superfluities for in all such cases there may want the ground and the other contents in the urine And as for some of them I mean cruditie and opilation they may be well enough born withal unles their continuance be long But now again there is great difference touching the time of the sickness in which it chanceth for in the beginning and increase of sharp Agues if the ground be lacking it betokeneth great weaknesse of naturall strength which if not prevented may continue unto the chief strength of the sicknesse And after such an urine there doth follow much waking and disquietness halfe madness and trouble of mind and all those shall bee according to the greatness of the Ague either extream or mild And sometime it is a token that there shall bee a gathering sore in some part of the body namely if other agreeable causes come therewith as a winterly disposition of the aire with an uncertain state of sickness and unconstant alteration and mean weakness of the Patients power But in the declination of the sickness such urine ought not greatly to be blamed for then hath nature escaped the brunt of sickness though she be yet weak Yea and in the chief strength of sicknes as well as in the declination it may seem no strange thing if nature as though already she had the over-hand do gather her power together and draw a little nourishment to her self and thereby causeth little or no ground to appear But afterward when shee is somewhat refreshed and doth more liberally nourish the body then doth shee shew forth contents in the urine And lightly the order of the contents is such that first there appeareth a cloud which afterward doth gather more strong and weightie substance and doth become a swim or sublimation And last of all when it hath gathered a right naturall whitness and due substance then will it grow to a ground CHAP. IX Of difform Contents OTher things should I here speak of as touching the Judiciall of the contents both of their stableness that is their continuance in good form and of their due knitting being neither tattered nor dispersed nor yet overmuch clodded together But because the exact judgement thereof exceedeth the capacitie of mean wits for whose sake I have written this Book and cannot lightly be perceived of them but by the Instruction of a lively voice I wil for this time overpass the exact and perfect declaration of them reserving it to a place more due And now will I briefly over-run the other things which remain to bee considered in urine but yet not without some mention of those other as occasion commeth and first those difform Contents which occupie the place of the ground Difform contents and therefore take his name also Of this sort there are four principall the first is in bigness of a small fatch and red coloured which you may call therefore red fatches because of their likeness These as witnesseth Galen are ingendred of the consumption and wasting of the flesh 6. Epid. when the fatness is already melted away But in this there is great difference for sometime it is only the wasting of the reins and sometime of the whole body as if there appear in the urine tokens of due concoction then is that wast in the reins onely But if there appear in the urine default of concoction namely being great or if the patient have an Ague then is it the wast of the whole body and that standeth well with reason that when it betokeneth the wast of the whole body there must needs appear default of concoction for in such case those parts which are the Instruments of concoction are so weakned that they cannot do their office These contents by reason that they are gross and heavie therefore they appear alwaies in the bottom of the urinall Brannie contents Other difform contents there be also of which some are like bran and some like scales And of those that