charles_n the_o great_a seem_v more_o probable_a for_o that_o beda_n 15._o who_o live_v not_o long_o before_o his_o reign_n relate_v the_o part_n of_o the_o chersonese_n where_o sometime_o dwell_v the_o english_a in_o his_o time_n to_o have_v lyen_fw-we waist_n and_o empty_a of_o inhabitant_n without_o mention_v the_o dane_n at_o this_o day_n they_o contain_v the_o part_n of_o hallandt_n and_o sohonen_fw-mi in_o the_o main_a land_n of_o scandia_n all_o the_o land_n within_o the_o straits_n of_o the_o sundt_n with_o the_o north_n and_o south_n jutlandt_v and_o the_o dukedom_n of_o schleswic_n in_o the_o cimbrian_a chersonese_n divide_v from_o the_o saxon_n or_o dutch_a by_o the_o river_n eydore_n all_o now_o together_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o dane_n mark_n or_o denmarck_n signify_v the_o limit_n of_o the_o dane_n give_v first_o by_o the_o neighbour_a dutch_a to_o the_o march_n or_o border_n hereof_o derive_v afterwards_o to_o the_o whole_a country_n the_o kingdom_n of_o denmarck_n the_o government_n hereof_o have_v be_v still_o under_o king_n elective_a but_o where_o the_o next_o of_o blood_n most_o common_o have_v succeed_v now_o beside_o denmarck_n lord_n of_o norwey_n islandt_n and_o in_o a_o manner_n of_o whatsoever_o cold_a and_o inhabitable_a region_n subject_a to_o the_o pole_n arctic_n and_o the_o north_n together_o with_o the_o great_a dukedom_n of_o holstein_n lie_v in_o germany_n betwixt_o the_o river_n eydore_n &_o the_o elb_n contain_v the_o particular_a country_n of_o holstein_n ditmarse_n stormarse_fw-mi and_o wagerlandt_n hold_v hereby_o under_o the_o fire_n of_o the_o dutch_a emperor_n the_o first_o of_o their_o king_n whereof_o we_o read_v in_o history_n deserve_v credit_n for_o those_o long_a descent_n from_o dan_n in_o grammaticus_n saxo_n and_o krantzius_n be_v mere_o counterfeit_a and_o fabulous_a be_v cochliarius_fw-la before_o mention_v slay_v with_o his_o whole_a army_n by_o theodebert_n son_n to_o theoderick_n king_n of_o austrasia_n godfrey_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o great_a hemingus_n nephew_n to_o godfrey_n sigifridus_n and_o amilo_n nephew_n also_o to_o godfrey_n choose_v by_o their_o several_a faction_n and_o slay_v in_o battle_n one_o against_o the_o other_o the_o side_n of_o amilo_n prevail_v harioldus_fw-la and_o ragenfridus_fw-la brother_n unto_o amilo_n drive_v out_o by_o the_o son_n of_o godfrey_n and_o exile_v among_o the_o suiones_n these_o all_o command_v in_o the_o time_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a from_o christopher_n the_o second_o decease_a about_o the_o year_n 1333._o to_o omit_v the_o more_o ancient_a for_o a_o great_a part_n fabulous_a or_o very_o confuse_a the_o succession_n have_v be_v continue_v as_o follow_v waldemar_n the_o three_o king_n of_o denmark_n son_n to_z christopher_z he_o decease_v without_o issue_n male_a margaret_n daughter_n to_o waldemar_n the_o three_o she_o marry_v unto_o haquin_n king_n of_o norwey_n after_o the_o decease_n of_o her_o husband_n and_o of_o her_o young_a son_n olaus_n she_o rule_v both_o kingdom_n transmit_v they_o to_o succession_n she_o overcome_v and_o take_v prisoner_n albert_n king_n of_o sweathland_n who_o she_o force_v to_o resign_v his_o kingdom_n add_v by_o this_o mean_n to_o her_o other_o possession_n and_o enthrall_v for_o a_o long_a time_n after_o to_o the_o danish_a yoke_n she_o die_v without_o survive_a issue_n about_o the_o year_n 1410._o eric_n duke_n of_o pomeren_n adopt_v by_o queen_n margaret_n descend_v of_o her_o sister_n ingelburgis_n elect_a king_n of_o denmarck_n norwey_n and_o swethen_n weary_a with_o tedious_a &_o hard_a war_n against_o the_o rebellious_a sweathlander_n the_o town_n of_o schleswic_n and_o the_o hanse-citty_n he_o voluntary_o leave_v those_o kingdom_n retire_v into_o his_o dukedom_n of_o pomeren_n where_o he_o die_v christopher_n the_o three_o count_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhijn_n son_n to_o margaret_n sister_n to_o eric_n after_o the_o departure_n hereof_o elect_v and_o succeed_v in_o all_o the_o three_o kingdom_n he_o decease_v without_o issue_n christiern_n the_o first_o earl_n of_o oldenburg_n and_o delmenhorst_n after_o the_o decease_n of_o christopher_n elect_a king_n of_o denmarck_n and_o norwey_n in_o the_o year_n 1448_o sweathland_n revolt_a and_o choose_v a_o prince_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n he_o annex_v to_o the_o house_n of_o denmarcke_a the_o country_n of_o holstein_n ditmarse_n stormarse_fw-mi and_o wagerland_n erect_v into_o a_o dukedom_n by_o the_o emperor_n frederick_n the_o three_o he_o recover_v likewise_o the_o kingdom_n of_o swethen_n john_n son_n to_o christiern_n the_o first_o succeed_v in_o all_o three_o kingdom_n christiern_n the_o second_o son_n to_o john_n in_o this_o prince_n the_o sweathlander_n after_o sundry_a revolt_n and_o reunion_n final_o shoake_v off_o the_o yoke_n of_o the_o dane_n govern_v ever_o since_o by_o their_o own_o king_n in_o the_o year_n 1522_o hate_v for_o his_o cruelty_n he_o be_v drive_v out_o and_o deprive_v of_o all_o his_o estate_n succeed_v unto_o by_o his_o uncle_n frederick_n after_o ten_o year_n banishment_n and_o 27_o year_n captivity_n miserable_o die_v in_o bond_n frederick_n the_o first_o young_a brother_n to_o john_n and_o son_n to_o christiern_n the_o first_o after_o christian_n the_o second_o elect_a king_n of_o denmarck_n and_o norwey_n he_o first_o reform_v religion_n in_o his_o dominion_n christiern_n the_o three_o king_n of_o denmarck_n and_o norwey_n son_n to_o frederick_n the_o first_o frederick_n the_o second_o son_n to_o christiern_n the_o three_o christiern_n the_o four_o king_n of_o denmarck_n and_o norwey_n son_n to_o frederick_n the_o second_o now_o reign_v the_o sviones_n recentiorum_fw-la this_o people_n 16._o be_v mention_v by_o tacitus_n in_o his_o description_n of_o germany_n be_v then_o a_o part_n of_o the_o suevi_n and_o with_o the_o sitones_n lib._n inhabit_v germanorum_n the_o great_a scandia_n of_o ptolemy_n by_o aimonius_a with_o small_a difference_n they_o be_v name_v the_o sueones_n in_o his_o four_o book_n and_o 101_o chapter_n by_o jornandes_n de_fw-fr rebus_fw-la geticis_fw-la the_o suethidi_fw-la more_o near_o unto_o the_o modern_a at_o this_o day_n by_o long_a corruption_n the_o sueci_n give_v the_o name_n to_o the_o country_n now_o call_v suecia_n or_o sweathland_n extend_v for_o a_o great_a space_n of_o land_n betwixt_o the_o baltic_a and_o the_o freeze_a sea_n their_o mention_n in_o more_o ancient_a author_n be_v very_o spare_v not_o border_v unto_o or_o have_v then_o any_o affair_n with_o the_o roman_n french_a or_o other_o civil_a nation_n who_o may_v relate_v their_o act_n or_o pass_v under_o the_o general_a name_n of_o the_o norman_n the_o kingdom_n of_o sweathland_n their_o government_n ancient_o and_o in_o the_o time_n of_o tacitus_n be_v under_o king_n command_v in_o full_a liberty_n ibid._n and_o not_o at_o the_o will_n of_o the_o subject_n continue_v thither_o if_o we_o dare_v believe_v their_o history_n from_o magog_n son_n to_o japhet_n the_o year_n of_o the_o world_n 1745_o and_o the_o 90_o from_o the_o deluge_n &_o unto_o our_o time_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o great_a we_o find_v they_o likewise_o to_o have_v be_v a_o free_a state_n different_a from_o that_o of_o the_o dane_n entertain_v then_o harioldus_fw-la and_o ragenfridus_fw-la king_n of_o that_o nation_n drive_v out_o by_o the_o son_n of_o godfrey_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o sueno_n the_o first_o and_o of_o canutus_n the_o great_a agree_v with_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n henry_n and_o conrade_z the_o second_o we_o hear_v of_o they_o subject_a to_o the_o dane_n but_o by_o what_o mean_v it_o be_v not_o manifest_a as_o neither_o how_o they_o become_v clear_a from_o their_o servitude_n by_o queen_n margaret_n about_o the_o year_n 1387_o and_o during_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n wenceslaus_n they_o be_v again_o subdue_v to_o the_o danish_a yoke_n after_o long_a war_n sundry_a defection_n and_o recovery_n not_o full_o deliver_v herefrom_o until_o the_o year_n 1525_o &_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o free_v by_o gustave_n who_o posterity_n the_o dane_n be_v expulse_v have_v ever_o since_o hold_v the_o crown_n the_o order_n of_o the_o first_o king_n fabulous_a and_o confuse_a we_o purposely_o omit_v from_o albert_n and_o more_o clear_a time_n they_o be_v continue_v as_o follow_v albert_n live_v in_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o four_o and_o wenceslaus_n duke_n of_o mecklenburg_n and_o king_n of_o sweathland_n war_v upon_o and_o take_v prisoner_n by_o margaret_n queen_n of_o denmarck_n and_o norwey_n desirous_a of_o liberty_n he_o resign_v his_o right_n of_o the_o kingdom_n unto_o margaret_n aforesaid_a margaret_z queen_n of_o denmarck_n norwey_n and_o swethen_n by_o right_a of_o arm_n and_o the_o resignation_n of_o albert._n eric_n duke_n of_o pomeren_n king_n of_o denmarck_n norwey_n and_o swethen_n adopt_v by_o margaret_n christopher_n count_n palatine_n of_o the_o
of_o the_o state_n of_o europe_n xiiii_o book_n contain_v the_o history_n and_o relation_n of_o the_o many_o province_n hereof_o continue_a out_o of_o approve_a author_n by_o gabriel_n richardson_n batchelour_n in_o divinity_n and_o fellow_z of_o brasen-nose_n college_n in_o oxford_n oxford_z print_v for_o henry_n cripps_n an._n dom._n 1627._o to_o the_o right_n reverend_a father_n in_o god_n john_n lord_n bishop_n of_o lincoln_n one_o of_o his_o majesty_n most_o honourable_a privy_a council_n and_o visitour_n of_o brasen-nose_n college_n in_o oxford_n right_o reverend_n and_o my_o honourable_a good_a lord_n the_o certain_a hope_n that_o bishop_n smith_n our_o founder_n of_o bless_a memory_n conceive_v in_o his_o statute_n of_o all_o his_o successor_n for_o the_o protection_n of_o his_o college_n give_v i_o the_o mean_a of_o that_o society_n some_o heart_n to_o present_v these_o my_o first_o and_o weak_a labour_n to_o your_o honour_n patronage_n but_o more_o bold_a i_o be_o upon_o your_o imbred_a and_o underive_v proneness_n to_o the_o advancement_n of_o scholastical_a endeavour_n whereof_o both_o the_o university_n college_n school_n library_n enrich_v by_o your_o magnificent_a hand_n be_v daily_o and_o pregnant_a argument_n this_o enlarge_n of_o the_o bowel_n of_o compassion_n towards_o learning_n in_o these_o late_a and_o straight_a time_n as_o it_o be_v a_o miracle_n for_o the_o rareness_n so_o ought_v we_o all_o of_o we_o both_o to_o pour_v out_o our_o prayer_n to_o god_n for_o such_o ample_a dispenser_n of_o this_o goodness_n to_o man_n as_o also_o our_o utmost_a labour_n with_o all_o thankful_a acknowledgement_n to_o preserve_v their_o memory_n and_o if_o myself_o shall_v cast_v a_o mite_n into_o this_o treasury_n pardon_v right_a honourable_a a_o boldness_n that_o proceed_v out_o of_o a_o amaze_a esteem_n of_o this_o your_o own_o and_o unimitable_a quality_n as_o from_o a_o most_o humble_a devotion_n to_o your_o everlasting_a honour_n and_o happiness_n your_o lordship_n most_o humble_a devote_a gabriel_n richardson_n of_o the_o state_n of_o europe_n the_o first_o book_n contain_v a_o general_a survey_n of_o europe_n and_o of_o the_o island_n of_o great_a britain_n with_o the_o present_a bound_n situation_n and_o quality_n of_o england_n the_o inhabitant_n their_o description_n language_n and_o affair_n of_o religion_n unto_o our_o time_n the_o bishop_n and_o clergy_n the_o civil_a government_n the_o king_n his_o title_n of_o defendor_n of_o the_o faith_n the_o noble_n gentry_n and_o commons_o the_o great_a victory_n and_o conquest_n of_o the_o english_a their_o no_o less_o disgrace_n and_o loss_n abroad_o by_o mean_n of_o their_o quarrel_n and_o dissension_n the_o division_n of_o the_o kingdom_n into_o shire_n tithing_n and_o hundred_o the_o rank_n and_o number_n of_o the_o shire_n europe_n the_o universal_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n our_o modern_a better_a experience_a time_n have_v find_v distinguish_v into_o five_o great_a devision_n whereunto_o all_o the_o rest_n belong_v &_o be_v part_n the_o new-found_a land_n of_o america_n and_o magellanica_fw-la detect_v by_o late_a discovery_n and_o those_o of_o asia_n africa_n and_o europe_n lie_v in_o one_o continent_n and_o only_o know_v unto_o ancient_a age_n of_o these_o the_o least_o but_o most_o noble_a part_n be_v europe_n the_o seat_n of_o christianity_n and_o of_o the_o church_n of_o god_n and_o the_o nurse_n of_o victorious_a and_o famous_a nation_n the_o glorious_a conqueror_n of_o the_o world_n wherein_o banish_v from_o all_o other_o country_n master_v by_o tyranny_n baseness_n ignorance_n and_o barbarism_n religion_n civility_n art_n knowledge_n liberty_n and_o valour_n at_o this_o day_n rest_v confine_v the_o subject_n of_o this_o discourse_n the_o etymology_n hereof_o be_v altogether_o melpomene_n uncertain_a the_o more_o exact_a bound_n be_v upon_o the_o north_n the_o freeze_a sea_n of_o lapland_n and_o norwey_n upon_o the_o west_n the_o vergivian_a and_o atlantic_a ocean_n upon_o the_o south_n the_o straits_n of_o gibraltar_n and_o the_o sea_n mediterranean_n from_o africa_n and_o upon_o the_o east_n from_o 1._o asia_n the_o archi-pelago_a the_o sea_n maggiore_n and_o zabache_n the_o river_n don_n and_o a_o line_n continue_v from_o thence_o unto_o the_o white_a sea_n or_o bay_n of_o s._n nicholas_n it_o be_v situate_v betwixt_o the_o 36_o and_o 71_o 1_o 2_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n and_o the_o 5_o and_o 59_o degree_n of_o longitude_n account_v from_o the_o meridian_n by_o the_o azores_n the_o long_a day_n at_o the_o town_n of_o gibraltar_n in_o spain_n which_o be_v the_o most_o southern_a point_n contain_v about_o 14_o hour_n and_o a_o quarter_n at_o wardhuis_n the_o point_n most_o northerly_a the_o great_a continuance_n of_o the_o sun_n above_o the_o horizon_n last_v 2_o whole_a month_n 22_o day_n &_o some_o 7_o hour_n it_o contain_v the_o distinct_a province_n and_o name_n of_o spain_n france_n germany_n the_o low-countries_n switzerland_n denmark_n norwey_n sweathland_n prussen_n leifland_n poland_n lithuania_n podolia_n part_n of_o the_o tartar_n and_o russes_z hungary_n transsylvania_n walachia_n moldavia_n bulgaria_n bosna_n servia_n rascia_fw-la windish-land_n italy_n and_o greece_n seat_v in_o the_o main_a land_n and_o of_o land_n lie_v in_o the_o ocean_n beside_o some_o lesser_a those_o of_o island_n freisland_n great_a britain_n ireland_n cadiz_n mallorca_n menorca_n sardinia_n corsica_n sicily_n and_o candia_n with_o those_o many_o of_o the_o archi-pelago_a divide_v among_o 9_o great_a monarch_n the_o emperor_n of_o the_o roman_n or_o german_n russes_z and_o turk_n and_o the_o king_n of_o great_a britain_n france_n spain_n denmark_n sweathland_n &_o poland_n together_o with_o the_o free_a commonwealth_n and_o inferior_a prince_n of_o the_o netherlands_o italy_n the_o swisser_n and_o grison_n ptolemie_n in_o his_o 2_o book_n sort_v these_o into_o the_o c_o more_o western_a and_o the_o more_o eastern_a province_n who_o method_n i_o have_v here_o observe_v in_o the_o more_o western_a division_n he_o comprehend_v the_o british_a land_n iberia_n or_o spain_n celtogalatia_a or_o gaul_n germany_n rhaetia_n vindelicia_n noricum_n pannonia_n illyris_n and_o dalmatia_n contain_v now_o the_o kingdom_n of_o great_a britain_n and_o ireland_n spain_n france_n germany_n the_o swisser_n netherlands_n denmark_n norwey_n sweathland_n hungary_n windischland_n krabbaten_v bosna_n contado_n di_fw-fr zara_n dalmatia_n &_o albania_n with_o their_o land_n who_o description_n state_n and_o sundry_a fortune_n follow_v in_o order_n great_a britain_n the_o country_n have_v be_v thus_o distinguish_v from_o britain_n in_o france_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o lesser_a extension_n thereof_o name_v the_o lesser_a britain_n it_o be_v a_o famous_a island_n seat_v in_o the_o ocean_n to_o the_o northwest_n of_o the_o continent_n of_o europe_n some_o 30_o italian_a mile_n where_o the_o passage_n be_v the_o narrow_a from_o france_n or_o the_o next_o main_a land_n the_o great_a island_n as_o aristides_n aristides_n call_v it_o another_o world_n after_o 25._o solinus_n the_o work_n of_o sport_v nature_n after_o britannia_n mercator_n make_v more_o graceful_o to_o adorn_v the_o universe_n the_o glory_n of_o land_n the_o queen_n and_o mistress_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o beauty_n of_o the_o west_n the_o bound_n be_v upon_o the_o west_n part_n of_o the_o western_a ocean_n with_o s._n george_n his_o channel_n from_o ireland_n upon_o the_o north_n the_o open_a and_o spacious_a northern_a sea_n upon_o the_o east_n the_o german_a ocean_n from_o denmark_n germany_n and_o the_o netherlands_o and_o upon_o the_o south_n the_o english_a channel_n from_o france_n the_o figure_n hereof_o be_v triangular_a or_o threesquare_a who_o basis_n may_v be_v the_o sea-coast_n towards_o france_n it_o lie_v in_o the_o northern_a halfepart_n of_o the_o temperate_a zone_n extend_v from_o the_o 16⅚_n unto_o the_o 21_o degree_n of_o longitude_n account_v from_o the_o first_o meridian_n by_o the_o azores_n land_n and_o from_o the_o 50⅙_n degree_n unto_o the_o 60½_n of_o northern_a latitude_n or_o from_o beyond_o the_o 18_o parallel_n or_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o eight_o clime_n unto_o beyond_o the_o 27_o parallel_n or_o beginning_n of_o the_o 13_o clime_n the_o long_a day_n at_o the_o lizard_n point_n in_o cornwall_n the_o most_o southerly_a part_n contain_v about_o 16_o hour_n and_o a_o quarter_n at_o straithy_a head_n in_o scotland_n which_o be_v the_o point_n lie_v far_a to_o the_o north_n the_o same_o contain_v 18_o hour_n and_o 3_o quarter_n the_o length_n of_o the_o island_n from_o south_n to_o north_n after_o this_o account_n be_v some_o 620_o italian_a mile_n the_o great_a breadth_n betwixt_o east_n and_o west_n according_a to_o a_o right_a line_n be_v about_o 250_o of_o the_o same_o mile_n camden_n reckon_v 320_o mile_n bend_v with_o the_o crook_n and_o turn_n of_o the_o sea-coast_n the_o whole_a circumference_n he_o account_v at_o 1836_o mile_n a_o parallel_n draw_v over_o the_o middle_n
ocean_n &_o have_v upon_o the_o south_n lough-nesse_a from_o buquhan_n and_o loqhuabria_n and_o upon_o the_o north_n catnesse_n and_o straith-navern_a rough_a mountainous_a and_o woody_a to_o the_o west_n in_o the_o valley_n and_o towards_o the_o east_n more_o fruitful_a in_o the_o midst_n and_o towards_o the_o lake_n nesse_n arise_v the_o high_a mountain_n of_o ardmanoch_n cover_v all_o the_o year_n long_o with_o snow_n upon_o the_o north-west_n be_v assinshire_n indent_v with_o sundry_a creek_n of_o the_o western_a ocean_n chief_a place_n be_v in_o ardmanoch_n the_o castle_n lovet_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o nesse_n chanonry_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o rosse_n cromerty_n a_o sherifdome_n or_o place_n of_o judicature_n suderland_n suderlandia_n seat_v upon_o the_o german_a ocean_n betwixt_o catnesse_n upon_o the_o north_n and_o rosse_n upon_o the_o south_n and_o have_v strath-navern_a upon_o the_o west_n mountainous_a yield_v tolerable_a pasturage_n but_o little_a corn_n the_o chief_a place_n be_v dun-robin_n castle_n the_o seat_n sometime_o of_o the_o earl_n of_o suderland_n the_o mountain_n afford_v plenty_n of_o fine_a marble_n but_o of_o no_o use_n in_o those_o cold_a and_o northern_a region_n catnesse_n cathanesia_n have_v upon_o the_o south_n suderland_n upon_o the_o north_n and_o east_n the_o ocean_n and_o upon_o the_o west_n straith-navern_a the_o inhabitant_n live_v most_o upon_o their_o profit_n of_o cattle_n and_o fish_n get_v in_o the_o ocean_n the_o most_o note_a place_n be_v girnego_n castle_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o earl_n and_o durnock_n and_o wik_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o catnesse_n more_o to_o the_o north_n lie_v the_o promontory_n berubium_n and_o viruedrum_n of_o ptolemy_n now_o dunsbey_n or_o duncans-bay_n and_o hoia_n or_o vrdshead_n with_o howburne-head_n in_o strathnaverne_a the_o extreme_a point_n of_o the_o island_n of_o great_a britain_n towards_o the_o pole_n arctic_n and_o the_o north._n camden_n place_v these_o two_o last_o in_o strath-navern_a buchanan_n otherwise_o in_o this_o country_n straith-naverne_a navernia_n name_v thus_o from_o the_o river_n naverne_n nabeus_n of_o ptolemy_n and_o bound_v upon_o the_o south_n with_o rosse_n upon_o the_o east_n with_o suderland_n and_o catnesse_n and_o upon_o the_o west_n and_o north_n with_o the_o ocean_n cold_a hilly_a and_o less_o fruitful_a with_o catnes_n the_o extreme_a part_n of_o great_a britain_n towards_o the_o north._n here_o lie_v the_o promontory_n name_v tarvedrum_n and_o orcas_n by_o ptolemy_n now_o howburne_n head_n loqhvabria_n abria_n continue_a upon_o the_o same_o ocean_n betwixt_o rosse_n upon_o the_o north_n &_o logh-aber_n upon_o the_o south_n fruitful_a in_o corn_n and_o pasturage_n and_o pleasant_o shade_v with_o wood_n the_o most_o note_a place_n be_v innerloth_n upon_o the_o lake_n loth._n lorne_n lorna_n extend_v a_o long_a the_o same_o western_a ocean_n betwixt_o logh_n aber_n upon_o the_o north_n by_o which_o it_o be_v part_v from_o loqhuabria_n and_o knapdale_n and_o cantire_a upon_o the_o north_n fruitful_a in_o corn_n and_o divide_v by_o the_o great_a lake_n name_v leauve_n by_o the_o native_n the_o chief_a place_n be_v tarbar_n in_o logh_n kinkeran_n a_o sherifdome_n or_o juridical_a resort_n for_o this_o country_n and_o the_o more_o southern_a part_n of_o the_o western_a scottish_a land_n braid-albin_a albania_n seat_v to_o the_o east_n of_o lorn_n among_o rocky_a and_o high_a mountain_n part_n of_o the_o hill_n grampius_n of_o tacitus_n inhabit_v by_o the_o high-land-man_n or_o irish_a scot_n argile_n argathelia_n lie_v to_o the_o west_n of_o lennox_n and_o the_o lake_n lomond_n and_o bound_v upon_o the_o south_n with_o the_o sea_n or_o frith_n of_o dunbriton_n wild_a rocky_a and_o mountainous_a with_o cantire_a braid-albin_n and_o the_o neighbour_a country_n of_o the_o highlander_n the_o more_o ancient_a and_o first_o residence_n of_o the_o scot_n desbourding_n hither_o from_o ireland_n cantire_fw-la it_o be_v a_o narrow_a promontory_n or_o chersonese_n of_o some_o 30_o mile_n in_o length_n the_o promontory_n of_o the_o epidij_fw-la of_o ptolemie_n divide_v from_o argile_n by_o logh_n fin_n a_o long_a and_o spacious_a arm_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o dunbriton_n &_o join_v to_o knapdale_n &_o the_o continent_n by_o a_o small_a neck_n of_o land_n not_o exceed_v a_o mile_n in_o breadth_n the_o mul_n of_o cantire_a the_o far_a point_n of_o the_o chersonesse_n be_v distant_a only_o 13_o mile_n from_o ireland_n the_o next_o part_n of_o scotland_n and_o great_a britain_n to_o that_o island_n these_o last_o inclusive_o from_o menteith_n be_v the_o famous_a sâ—pra_fw-la caledonij_n of_o tacitus_n part_v by_o ptolemy_n into_o 13_o lesser_a name_n or_o division_n the_o epidij_fw-la cerones_n creones_n carnonacae_n carini_n cornabij_n logi_n mertae_n cantae_n texali_n vennicontes_n vacomagi_n and_o caledonij_fw-la particular_o thus_o call_v the_o only_a part_n of_o britain_n stop_v and_o give_v bound_n to_o the_o great_a conquest_n and_o victory_n of_o the_o roman_n twice_o invade_v by_o julius_n agricola_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o domitian_n and_o by_o the_o emperor_n severus_n but_o without_o any_o good_a effect_n &_o not_o without_o much_o loss_n to_o the_o roman_a side_n secure_v by_o their_o mountain_n lake_n marsh_n and_o wood_n the_o roman_a empire_n decline_v they_o be_v all_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o pict_n afterward_o they_o become_v divide_v betwixt_o the_o pict_n drive_v unto_o the_o eastern_a shore_n and_o the_o scot_n a_o colony_n as_o before_o of_o the_o irish_a thrust_v into_o the_o part_n towards_o ireland_n and_o the_o west_n the_o victorious_a conqueror_n not_o long_o after_o of_o the_o pict_n at_o this_o day_n they_o be_v distinguish_v into_o the_o law-land-man_n or_o the_o english_a and_o more_o civil_a scot_n inhabit_v the_o plain_a country_n along_o the_o german_a ocean_n and_o upon_o this_o side_n of_o the_o two_o frith_n &_o the_o highland-man_n or_o irish_a scot_n retain_v yet_o the_o irish_a language_n and_o manner_n and_o possess_v the_o height_n of_o the_o hill_n grampius_n braid-albin_a argile_n and_o other_o mountainous_a region_n upon_o the_o western_a and_o irish_a sea_n the_o land_n of_o great_a bretaine_n the_o land_n belong_v to_o this_o continent_n be_v all_o call_v in_o ptolemy_n by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o british_a land_n 3._o before_o the_o time_n of_o pliny_n as_o in_o his_o 4_o book_n and_o 16_o chapter_n they_o make_v with_o albion_n or_o the_o great_a britain_n the_o general_a name_n of_o the_o britain_n distinguish_v from_o the_o ancient_a &_o account_v a_o other_o world_n after_o solinus_n 16._o the_o most_o famous_a &_o great_a of_o these_o and_o after_o england_n of_o the_o land_n of_o europe_n and_o the_o west_n be_v ireland_n ireland_n recentiorum_fw-la the_o bound_n hereof_o be_v upon_o the_o east_n 2._o the_o irish_a ocean_n or_o s._n george_n his_o channel_n from_o england_n &_o scotland_n upon_o the_o north_n the_o ib._n northern_a ocean_n upon_o the_o west_n ib._n the_o westernesea_n &_o upon_o the_o south_n the_o ib._n vergivian_n it_o lie_v betwixt_o about_o the_o 51½_n and_o 56â…š_n degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n or_o betwixt_o the_o 19_o or_o middle_a parallel_n of_o the_o 8_o clime_n where_o the_o long_a day_n have_v 16_o hour_n and_o a_o half_a and_o the_o 24_o parallel_n or_o end_n of_o the_o 10_o clime_n where_o the_o same_o have_v 17_o hour_n and_o 3_o quarter_n the_o length_n of_o the_o island_n after_o this_o computation_n be_v 320_o italian_a mile_n or_o measure_v english_a camden_n otherwise_o account_v the_o length_n only_o at_o 300_o english_a the_o breadth_n he_o reckon_v at_o 120_o of_o the_o same_o mile_n the_o air_n be_v temperate_a and_o healthy_a but_o moist_a and_o raw_a rather_o plentiful_o bring_v up_o and_o nourish_v then_o ripen_v fruit_n the_o soil_n be_v fertile_a but_o better_a pasturage_n and_o for_o grass_n then_o for_o fruit_n and_o corn_n through_o a_o wet_a quality_n of_o the_o ground_n or_o by_o the_o sloth_n of_o the_o native_n and_o for_o their_o want_n of_o manure_v encumber_v with_o bog_n lake_n marsh_n and_o with_o thick_a slutchie_n and_o undrean_v wood_n the_o first_o inhabitant_n be_v the_o irish_a for_o more_o ancient_a we_o find_v not_o distinguish_v by_o ptolemie_n into_o sundry_a lesser_a 2._o people_n and_o name_n the_o rhobognij_fw-la darnij_fw-la voluntij_fw-la vennicnij_fw-la and_o erdini_n now_o contain_v ulster_n the_o auteri_n gangani_n and_o nagnatae_n inhabit_v connaught_n the_o velibori_n vterni_fw-la vodiae_fw-la and_o coriondi_n now_o munster_n and_o the_o menapij_n cauci_n blanij_fw-la and_o brigantes_n now_o leinster_n who_o city_n be_v rhigia_n rheba_n macolicum_n dunum_n laberus_n &_o ivernis_n etc._n etc._n who_o interpretation_n we_o let_v pass_v as_o very_o uncertain_a free_a for_o a_o long_a time_n and_o not_o conquer_v by_o foreign_a power_n neglect_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o succeed_a saxon_n or_o english_a engage_v in_o more_o necessary_a
government_n and_o withdraw_v their_o service_n and_o aid_n too_o eager_a revenger_n of_o his_o childish_a and_o weak_a reign_n henry_n the_o six_o irrecoverable_o france_n through_o the_o faction_n of_o the_o house_n of_o york_n abuse_v the_o people_n with_o pretence_n for_o their_o private_a end_n and_o last_o challenge_v the_o kingdom_n and_o turn_v our_o conquer_a sword_n into_o our_o own_o bosom_n the_o land_n be_v divide_v into_o shire_n hundred_o which_o be_v the_o division_n of_o shire_n and_o be_v in_o some_o place_n otherwise_o call_v weapontake_v and_o lath_n and_o tithing_n the_o division_n of_o hundred_o king_n 4._o alfred_n be_v the_o author_n of_o these_o division_n as_o likewise_o of_o the_o name_n and_o office_n of_o the_o vice-comites_a or_o sheriff_n ordain_v for_o the_o more_o peaceable_a government_n of_o the_o country_n and_o the_o more_o easy_a restraint_n of_o thief_n and_o robber_n much_o increase_n then_o through_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o danish_a war_n the_o word_n shire_n signify_v with_o the_o ancient_a saxon_n a_o part_n or_o division_n as_o do_v the_o word_n share_n with_o the_o present_a english_a what_o number_n hereof_o be_v first_o institute_v by_o alfred_n we_o find_v not_o malmesburiensis_fw-la account_v 32_o of_o they_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o etheldred_n monarch_n of_o the_o english-saxons_a succeed_v not_o long_o after_o kent_n essex_n middlesex_n surrey_n sussex_n hantshire_n dorsetshire_n wiltshire_n somersetshire_n devonshire_n cornwall_n hartfordshire_n oxfordshire_n buckinghamshire_n berkshire_n glocestershire_n suffolk_n norfolk_n northamptonshire_n huntingdonshire_n bedfordshire_n cambridgeshire_n warwickshire_n leicestershire_n staffordshire_n worcestershire_n shropshire_n herefordshire_n lincolnshire_n nottinghamshire_n darbyshire_n and_o cheshire_n doomsday_n book_n add_v yorkshire_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o william_n the_o conqueror_n afterward_o be_v add_v lancashire_n and_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n most_o probable_o sometime_o part_n of_o yorkshire_n and_o cumberland_n westmoreland_n and_o northumberland_z beyond_o the_o tine_n the_o part_n now_o only_o retain_v the_o name_n of_o the_o ancient_a kingdom_n thus_o call_v after_o their_o reunion_n to_o the_o english_a crown_n former_o possess_v by_o the_o scot_n the_o last_o be_v the_o 13_o welsh_a shire_n add_v by_o edward_n the_o first_o and_o henry_n the_o eight_o their_o whole_a number_n be_v at_o this_o present_a 52_o in_o both_o country_n of_o england_n and_o wales_n 1_o surrey_n kent_z sussex_n hantshire_n berkshire_n wiltshire_n somersetshire_n dorsetshire_n devonshire_n and_o cornwall_n lie_v upon_o the_o south_n of_o the_o river_n thames_n along_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o english_a channel_n 2_o glocestershire_n oxfordshire_n buckinghamshire_n middlesex_n essex_n hartfordshire_n norfolk_n suffolk_n cambridgeshire_n huntingdonshire_n bedfordshire_n northamptonshire_n rutlandshire_n warwickshire_n worcestershire_n herefordshire_n shropshire_n cheshire_n staffordshire_n darbyshire_n nottinghamshire_n lei-cestershire_a and_o lincolnshire_n contain_v the_o middle_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o include_v within_o the_o have_v thames_n trent_n merseye_n dee_n and_o wye_n humber_n offaes_n ditch_n and_o the_o german_a ocean_n 3_o yorkshire_n the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n northumberland_n cumberland_n westmoreland_n and_o lancashire_n the_o part_n upon_o the_o north_n of_o humber_n trent_n and_o mersey_n 4._o and_o monmouthshire_n glamorganshire_n radnorshire_n brecknockeshire_n cardiganshire_n caermarthenshire_n penbrokshire_n montgomeryshire_n merionethshire_n denbighshire_n flintshire_n caernarvonshire_n and_o the_o i_o will_v of_o anglesey_n contain_v wales_n or_o the_o western_a part_n within_o the_o dee_n wye_fw-mi and_o the_o sea_n of_o severne_n their_o description_n follow_v after_o that_o i_o have_v first_o relate_v the_o ancient_a estate_n of_o the_o country_n with_o the_o many_o change_n and_o succession_n of_o people_n and_o kingdom_n in_o their_o turn_n come_v upon_o the_o stage_n hereof_o and_o occasion_v the_o present_a name_n state_n and_o division_n the_o second_o book_n contain_v the_o description_n of_o the_o more_o great_a and_o famous_a mountain_n and_o river_n of_o great_a britain_n the_o more_o note_a creek_n and_o promontory_n their_o ancient_n and_o present_a name_n the_o etymologye_n and_o name_n of_o britain_n and_o albion_n the_o ancient_a limit_n and_o extent_n of_o britain_n the_o first_o inhabitant_n the_o conquest_n of_o the_o more_o southern_a part_n by_o the_o roman_n the_o estate_n and_o description_n of_o britain_n during_o the_o roman_a government_n out_o of_o tacitus_n dion_n ptolemye_n antoninus_n and_o the_o author_n of_o the_o notitia_fw-la with_o other_o the_o period_n and_o conclusion_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n in_o britain_n the_o estate_n and_o kingdom_n of_o the_o briton_n after_o the_o departure_n of_o the_o roman_n the_o estate_n hereof_o after_o cadwallader_n and_o the_o conclusion_n of_o the_o british_a monarchy_n the_o original_n and_o history_n of_o the_o cornish_a wesh_n and_o briton_n of_o cumberland_n their_o conquest_n by_o the_o saxon_n and_o norman_n and_o union_n into_o the_o kingdom_n and_o name_n of_o england_n the_o history_n of_o the_o scot_n and_o pict_n the_o conquest_n of_o the_o pict_n by_o the_o scot_n and_o union_n of_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o island_n into_o the_o name_n and_o kingdom_n of_o scotland_n the_o invasion_n of_o the_o german_n or_o dutch._n the_o jute_n saxon_n and_o english_a the_o saxon_a or_o english_a heptarchye_n the_o original_n and_o fortune_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o kent_n the_o southsaxons_a westsaxons_a eastsaxons_a east-angle_n mercia_n and_o northumberland_n the_o union_n of_o the_o rest_n into_o the_o monarchy_n of_o the_o westsaxons_a the_o original_n of_o the_o name_n and_o kingdom_n of_o england_n the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n 1_o under_o the_o westsaxons_a 2_o under_o the_o dane_n 3_o and_o under_o the_o norman_n the_o union_n of_o the_o blood_n and_o right_n of_o the_o saxon_n or_o english_a scot_n and_o norman_n and_o of_o the_o whole_a great_a britain_n under_o one_o prince_n in_o james_n our_o late_a sovereign_n of_o happy_a memory_n the_o present_a estate_n of_o the_o island_n occasion_v through_o so_o many_o mutation_n the_o kingdom_n of_o england_n and_o scotland_n the_o name_n and_o etymology_n of_o the_o shire_n of_o england_n the_o mountain_n of_o great_a britain_n the_o bounder_n or_o landmark_n whereof_o i_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o make_v use_n in_o the_o discourse_n follow_v be_v the_o mountain_n and_o river_n hereof_o with_o the_o more_o note_a promontory_n and_o creek_n of_o the_o ocean_n whereinto_o the_o river_n be_v disburden_v the_o only_a mountain_n note_v by_o ancient_a author_n be_v grampius_n agricolae_fw-la mons_fw-la mention_v by_o tacitus_n contain_v now_o braid-albin_n with_o other_o hilly_a region_n beyond_o the_o frith_n of_o dunbriton_n in_o scotland_n the_o wood_n sometime_o cover_v this_o mountainous_a tract_n be_v name_v caledonius_fw-la saltus_n caledonius_fw-la by_o lucius_n florus_n and_o sylva_n 16._o caledonia_n by_o pliny_n inaccessible_a through_o their_o intricate_a and_o dark_a thicket_n bog_n lake_n and_o marsh_n safe_a shelter_n of_o the_o northern_a briton_n invade_v by_o agricolae_fw-la julius_n agricola_n the_o imperatore_n emperor_n severus_n and_o the_o roman_n in_o the_o part_n subject_n to_o the_o crown_n of_o england_n rise_v the_o mountain_n of_o wales_n take_v up_o the_o western_a division_n of_o the_o kingdom_n betwixt_o the_o irish_a ocean_n the_o sea_n of_o severne_n and_o the_o river_n wye_n and_o d_o you_o strong_a fastness_n of_o the_o warlike_a silures_n and_o ordovices_n with_o great_a obstinacy_n for_o a_o long_a time_n resist_v the_o roman_a yoke_n and_o not_o full_o subdue_v until_o julius_n etc._n agricola_n and_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n domitian_n and_o afterward_o the_o rendezvous_fw-fr of_o the_o distress_a briton_n shun_v the_o rage_n of_o the_o saxon_n or_o english_a beyond_o the_o river_n trent_n begin_v another_o long_a mountainous_a ridge_n which_o continue_v through_o the_o north_n of_o staffordshire_n then_o by_o the_o west_n of_o darbye-shire_n afterward_o betwixt_o yorkshire_n and_o lancashire_n last_o by_o cumberland_n westmoreland_n and_o northumberland_z do_v end_n at_o cheviot_n or_o the_o scottish_a border_n this_o be_v not_o know_v by_o any_o one_o name_n ancient_a or_o modern_a in_o staffordshire_n it_o be_v name_v moreland_n in_o darbieshire_n the_o peake_n betwixt_o lancashire_n and_o yorkshire_n blackestone-edge_n pendle_n craven_a betwixt_o richmondshire_n and_o westmoreland_n stane-more_a in_o cumberland_n copland_n and_o at_o the_o border_n of_o scotland_n cheviot_n the_o other_o hill_n of_o the_o south_n blackamoor_n yorkes-would_a the_o chilterne_a cots-wold_a malvern_n those_o of_o sussex_n devonshire_n and_o cornwall_n with_o other_o be_v rather_o to_o be_v account_v down_n then_o mountain_n those_o many_o of_o scotland_n seem_v all_o branch_n of_o the_o grampius_n the_o rivers_z creek_n and_o promontory_n the_o river_n issue_n from_o the_o mountain_n and_o hill_n the_o more_o great_a and_o famous_a be_v the_o thames_n severne_n trent_n yeure_n or_o
much_o toil_n and_o the_o loss_n of_o 50_o thousand_o man_n he_o can_v not_o effect_v withdraw_v within_o the_o pale_a of_o adrian_n &_o more_o firm_o to_o secure_v the_o province_n upon_o or_o near_o unto_o the_o wall_n hereof_o raise_v a_o three_o wall_n or_o trench_n strengthen_v the_o same_o with_o broad_a ditch_n and_o tower_n rear_v along_o the_o wall_n afterward_o notwithstanding_o in_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n dioclesian_n and_o of_o valentian_n the_o first_o we_o find_v the_o roman_n possess_v of_o the_o country_n betwixt_o this_o wall_n and_o the_o bodotria_n whence_o nevertheless_o they_o be_v always_o beat_v out_o use_v it_o only_o as_o a_o counterscharf_n by_o their_o velitation_n there_o to_o keep_v the_o enemy_n from_o invade_v the_o more_o inland_n part_n of_o the_o province_n in_o this_o manner_n the_o island_n in_o time_n come_v divide_v betwixt_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o northern_a untamed_a briton_n bound_v and_o keep_v asunder_o by_o fort_n ditch_n and_o wall_n continued_z when_o the_o roman_n prevail_v betwixt_o the_o bodotria_n and_o glota_n when_o the_o northern_a side_n have_v the_o better_a hand_n betwixt_o the_o ituna_n and_o tina_n the_o northern_a briton_n be_v all_o call_v in_o the_o history_n imperatore_n of_o those_o time_n by_o the_o general_a name_n of_o the_o maeatae_n and_o caledonii_n we_o after_o do_v hear_v succeed_v in_o their_o room_n the_o pict_n and_o scot_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o constantius_n and_o julianus_n of_o who_o we_o be_v to_o speak_v hereafter_o the_o province_n subject_a to_o the_o roman_n be_v govern_v by_o their_o propraetour_n and_o other_o name_n of_o magistrate_n in_o xiphilinus_n we_o find_v it_o distinguish_v into_o the_o high_a and_o the_o low_a britain_n whereof_o this_o contain_v the_o northern_a part_n and_o the_o other_o the_o more_o southern_a the_o emperor_n severus_n most_o probable_o be_v the_o author_n of_o this_o division_n who_o after_o his_o victory_n against_o albinus_n we_o read_v in_o the_o three_o book_n of_o herodian_a part_v the_o island_n into_o two_o praefectureship_n or_o jurisdiction_n the_o author_n of_o the_o notitia_fw-la after_o the_o time_n of_o constantine_n the_o great_a who_o alter_v everywhere_a the_o government_n of_o the_o empire_n first_o thus_o divide_v it_o name_v here_o five_o juridical_a resort_n or_o province_n ib_o valentia_n the_o part_n after_o camden_n include_v within_o the_o two_o wall_n and_o contain_v now_o the_o part_n of_o northumberland_n &_o cumberland_n together_o with_o scotland_n unto_o the_o frith_n of_o edinburgh_n &_o dunbriton_n maxima_fw-la caesariensis_n britannia_fw-la prima_fw-la britannia_fw-la secunda_fw-la &_o flavia_n caesariensis_n whereof_o the_o two_o first_o be_v consulary_a &_o govern_v by_o proconsul_n the_o 3_o last_o praesidial_a command_v by_o roman_a praesides_fw-la subject_n to_o the_o vicar_n general_a of_o britain_n under_o the_o praetorio-praefectus_a of_o gaul_n the_o same_o number_n &_o almost_o name_n be_v put_v by_o the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n of_o the_o roman_a province_n britannia_fw-la prima_fw-la britannia_fw-la secunda_fw-la flavia_n maxima_fw-la and_o valentiana_n rufus_n festus_n mention_v only_o four_o province_n maxima_fw-la caesariensis_n britannia_fw-la prima_fw-la britannia_fw-la secunda_fw-la and_o flavia_n caesariensis_n omit_v valentia_n which_o probable_o at_o that_o time_n be_v lose_v unto_o the_o northern_a briton_n what_o part_v these_o now_o contain_v we_o can_v certain_o define_v since_o their_o author_n do_v not_o bind_v they_o either_o place_n any_o city_n in_o they_o whereby_o they_o may_v be_v distinguish_v not_o unprobable_o with_o pancirollus_n britannia_fw-la prima_fw-la comprehend_v at_o this_o day_n the_o southeast_n part_n of_o england_n flavia_n caesariensis_n cornwall_n or_o the_o south-west_n part_n maxima_fw-la caesariensis_n wales_n or_o the_o country_n within_o the_o river_n of_o severne_n and_o britannia_fw-la secunda_fw-la the_o northern_a part_n unto_o the_o wall_n of_o severus_n after_z other_o britannia_fw-la britanniam_fw-la prima_fw-la contain_v the_o south_n part_n of_o the_o island_n include_v within_o the_o river_n thames_n the_o british_a ocean_n and_o the_o sea_n of_o severne_n britannia_fw-la secunda_fw-la wales_n flavia_n caesariensis_n the_o part_n extend_v betwixt_o the_o thames_n and_o humber_n and_o maxima_fw-la caesariensis_n the_o part_n lie_v betwixt_o the_o wall_n of_o severus_n and_o humber_n the_o military_a affair_n hereof_o be_v order_v by_o a_o notit_fw-la duke_n of_o the_o britain_n guard_v the_o northern_a and_o western_a border_n against_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o barbarous_a nation_n a_o come_v or_o ib._n earl_n of_o the_o britain_n command_v in_o the_o inland_a part_n and_o a_o ib._n earl_n littoris_fw-la saxonici_fw-la or_o of_o the_o eastern_a coast_n quart_v the_o saxon_n in_o germany_n with_o who_o piracy_n the_o island_n be_v then_o continual_o infest_a under_o the_o first_o hereof_o the_o author_n of_o the_o notitia_fw-la place_v the_o 6._o legion_n 16_o cohort_n and_o ten_o cohorte_a numeri_fw-la of_o foot_n with_o 9_o troop_n of_o horse_n contain_v together_o after_o pancirolus_n his_o account_n about_o 900_o horse_n and_o 14000_o foot_n distribute_v into_o 34_o garrison_n upon_o the_o frontier_n and_o along_o the_o wall_n before_o mention_v the_o earl_n of_o the_o eastern_a or_o saxon_a shore_n have_v command_v over_o the_o second_o legion_n one_o cohort_n and_o 5_o numeri_fw-la of_o foot_n &_o 2_o troop_n of_o horse_n the_o earl_n of_o the_o britain_n be_v have_v 3_o numeri_fw-la of_o foot_n and_o 6_o troop_n of_o horse_n the_o two_o last_o contain_v together_o after_o pancirolus_n about_o 9000_o foot_n and_o some_o 1000_o horse_n the_o whole_a number_n of_o roman_a soldier_n awe_a the_o province_n towards_o the_o period_n of_o the_o western_a empire_n and_o about_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n theodosius_n the_o second_o for_o of_o those_o time_n especial_o the_o notitia_fw-la be_v to_o be_v understand_v be_v if_o pancirolus_n mistake_v not_o in_o his_o account_n some_o 23000_o foot_n and_o 2000_o horse_n the_o ordinary_a legion_n attend_v here_o be_v in_o the_o itinerarium_fw-la ascribe_v to_o antoninus_n 55._o the_o second_o legion_n surname_v augusta_n keep_v their_o station_n at_o isca_n silurum_n now_o caer-leon_n in_o the_o county_n of_o monmouth_n the_o ib._n 6_o legion_n surname_v victrix_n at_o eboracum_n now_o york_n and_o the_o twenty_o ib._n legion_n in_o like_a manner_n surname_v victrix_n at_o deva_n now_o west-chester_n ptolemy_n long_o before_o this_o live_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n antoninus_n pius_n mention_v the_o six_o legion_n surname_v victrix_n at_o eboracum_n the_o twenty_o legion_n surname_v victrix_n at_o deva_n and_o the_o second_o legion_n surname_v augusta_n at_o isca_n damnoniorum_n now_o excester_n dion_z cassius_z understand_v this_o of_o his_o own_o time_n which_o be_v the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n maximinus_n remember_v the_o six_o legion_n name_v victrix_n in_o the_o low_a britain_n and_o the_o second_o legion_n surname_v augusta_n and_o the_o twenty_o legion_n surname_v valentiana_n and_o victrix_n wintr_v in_o the_o high_a britain_n the_o roman_a soldier_n then_o ordinary_o guard_v the_o province_n be_v the_o second_o the_o six_o and_o the_o twenty_o legion_n tacitus_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o domitius_n nero_n beside_o the_o second_o and_o the_o twenty_o name_v here_o the_o nine_o and_o the_o fourteen_o legion_n but_o which_o be_v no_o ordinary_a guard_n bring_v hither_o upon_o the_o occasion_n of_o the_o great_a war_n hereof_o with_o the_o briton_n from_o the_o winter_v camp_n hereof_o and_o of_o their_o wing_n and_o aid_n many_o city_n and_o town_n arise_v here_o and_o be_v occasion_v as_o the_o like_v happen_v in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n whereof_o part_n flourish_v at_o this_o time_n other_o through_o age_n be_v now_o extinguish_v or_o decay_v and_o reduce_v unto_o the_o estate_n of_o mean_a village_n know_v only_o by_o their_o roman_a coin_n and_o other_o mark_n of_o antiquity_n dig_v forth_o of_o their_o ruin_n their_o more_o true_a place_n and_o name_n with_o the_o estate_n of_o the_o whole_a island_n during_o those_o first_o time_n will_v better_o appear_v in_o the_o follow_a description_n hereof_o gather_v out_o of_o ptolomye_n the_o itinerary_n of_o antoninus_n and_o the_o author_n of_o the_o notitia_fw-la with_o reference_n to_o tacitus_n and_o other_o approve_a author_n begin_v with_o ptolemy_n the_o description_n of_o britain_n under_o the_o roman_a empire_n albion_n by_o this_o name_n ptolemy_n call_v the_o island_n who_o order_n i_o have_v observe_v britan._n the_o bound_n hereof_o i_o have_v former_o set_v down_o the_o inhabitant_n with_o their_o city_n and_o interpretation_n follow_v the_o epidij_fw-la cerones_n creones_n carnonacae_n carini_n cornabij_n logi_n mertae_n cantae_n texali_n vennicontes_n vacomagi_n and_o caledonij_fw-la inhabit_v the_o more_o northern_a part_n of_o the_o island_n beyond_o the_o bodotria_n and_o glota_n and_o contain_v now_o together_o
of_o northumberland_n upon_o the_o west_n with_o the_o scot_n and_o upon_o the_o east_n and_o north_n with_o the_o german_a and_o northern_a ocean_n the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o northumbrian_n after_o their_o last_o ethelred_n and_o the_o year_n 794_o become_v extinct_a or_o miserable_o languish_v through_o a_o 33_o year_n civil_a dissension_n and_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o dane_n by_o the_o advantage_n hereof_o they_o enlarge_v their_o bound_n southwards_o as_o far_o as_o the_o river_n tweed_n get_v from_o the_o english_a the_o contain_v a_o little_a before_o their_o final_a overthrow_n by_o the_o scot_n the_o country_n now_o of_o tividale_n tweedale_n merch_n lauden_n fife_n cuningham_n merne_n anguish_n straithern_a and_o mar_v with_o other_o or_o the_o whole_a eastern_a part_n of_o the_o present_a scotland_n from_o the_o tweed_n northwards_o by_o the_o scot_n under_o their_o king_n kenneth_n after_o a_o fierce_a and_o bloody_a war_n about_o the_o year_n 830_o they_o be_v total_o subdue_v and_o their_o name_n and_o memory_n quite_o root_v out_o their_o country_n have_v be_v since_o add_v to_o the_o account_n and_o name_n of_o scotland_n their_o language_n most_o probable_o be_v the_o british_a beda_n make_v it_o distinct_a herefrom_o and_o one_o of_o the_o four_o general_n of_o the_o island_n but_o who_o the_o more_o judicious_a interpret_v not_o of_o language_n but_o of_o dialect_n that_o the_o dialect_n and_o many_o word_n hereof_o shall_v in_o beda_n his_o time_n be_v much_o different_a from_o those_o of_o the_o cornish_a or_o welsh_a briton_n their_o long_a disunion_n through_o the_o come_n betwixt_o of_o the_o northumbrian_n saxon_n and_o the_o ancient_a subjection_n and_o commerce_n of_o the_o other_o with_o the_o roman_n must_v necessary_o enforce_v their_o government_n be_v under_o king_n their_o order_n and_o succession_n we_o find_v not_o their_o last_o be_v druskenus_n slay_v with_o the_o extirpation_n of_o the_o whole_a nation_n by_o kenneth_n and_o the_o scot_n the_o scot_n etc._n the_o annal_n scot_n after_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la be_v a_o colony_n of_o the_o neighbour_a irish._n orosius_n live_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n call_v the_o many_o people_n in_o his_o time_n inhabit_v ireland_n by_o the_o general_a name_n of_o the_o scot_n the_o like_a do_v beda_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o ecclesiastical_a story_n of_o the_o english_a and_o first_o chapter_n eginhartus_n in_o his_o life_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o great_a name_v ireland_n a_o island_n of_o the_o scot_n isidore_z more_o plain_o make_v ireland_n and_o scotland_n only_o to_o be_v two_o different_a name_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o island_n distinct_a from_o britain_n gildas_n more_o to_o our_o purpose_n term_v the_o scot_n then_o inhabit_v britain_n and_o infest_v the_o native_n with_o their_o daily_a forraging_n irish_a grassatores_fw-la or_o freebooters_a that_o the_o scot_n original_o be_v irish_a beside_o these_o authority_n the_o present_a language_n habit_n and_o barbarous_a manner_n of_o the_o high-lander_n or_o western_a scot_n agree_v with_o the_o present_a irish_a do_v plain_o demonstrate_v the_o scot_n in_o ireland_n ptolemy_n and_o the_o ancient_a geographer_n mention_v not_o the_o name_n doubtless_o be_v new_a &_o affect_v upon_o some_o accident_n which_o we_o know_v not_o give_v unto_o or_o take_v up_o by_o the_o irish_a towards_o the_o wain_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n in_o that_o manner_n as_o be_v about_o the_o same_o time_n those_o of_o the_o pict_n almain_n french_a &_o sclave_n with_o other_o by_o the_o briton_n german_n &_o sarmatian_n leave_v their_o former_a old_a name_n and_o unite_n into_o these_o common_a concern_v the_o etymology_n hereof_o learned_a camden_n after_o much_o search_n profess_v himself_o to_o be_v ignorant_a porphyrius_n be_v the_o first_o of_o ancient_a author_n in_o who_o we_o find_v the_o scot_n mention_v live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n aurelian_a and_o as_o he_o be_v cite_v upon_o a_o other_o occasion_n by_o s._n hierome_n in_o his_o tract_n against_o the_o pelagian_n ad_fw-la ctesiphontem_fw-la in_o ancient_a and_o approve_a history_n we_o first_o read_v of_o they_o with_o the_o pict_n with_o who_o they_o be_v still_o join_v in_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n constantius_n the_o second_o honorius_n and_o the_o first_o and_o three_o valentinian_o their_o mention_n after_o this_o be_v common_a unto_o this_o present_a the_o time_n of_o their_o first_o plantation_n in_o britain_n be_v uncertain_a in_o the_o 20_o 26_o and_o 27_o book_n of_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n we_o hear_v of_o they_o ransack_v and_o spoil_v the_o roman_a province_n but_o from_o what_o part_v my_o author_n set_v not_o down_o whether_o from_o caledonia_n and_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n or_o rather_o from_o ireland_n which_o be_v more_o probable_a claudian_n in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr laudibus_fw-la stiliconis_n relate_v of_o they_o attempt_v upon_o the_o continent_n hereof_o from_o ireland_n and_o stop_v and_o drive_v home_o by_o stilico_n where_o also_o he_o account_v they_o among_o the_o neighbour_a nation_n infest_v britain_n which_o make_v it_o almost_o manifest_a that_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o honorius_n under_o who_o stilico_n then_o serve_v they_o have_v not_o yet_o arrive_v here_o or_o set_v firm_a foot_n short_o afterward_o notwithstanding_o &_o before_o the_o intrusion_n of_o the_o saxon_n we_o find_v they_o in_o beda_n with_o the_o pict_n possess_v the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n invade_v from_o hence_o the_o province_n and_o the_o briton_n be_v unable_a to_o withstand_v they_o twice_o overcome_v and_o beat_v off_o by_o fresh_a roman_a supply_n send_v from_o honorius_n and_o valentinian_n the_o three_o from_o these_o proof_n we_o strong_o conjecture_v their_o first_o descent_n hither_o and_o fix_a dwelling_n to_o have_v happen_v towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n the_o part_n here_o they_o first_o take_v up_o be_v the_o western_a moiety_n of_o caledonia_n former_o inhabit_v by_o the_o pict_n bound_v upon_o the_o east_n with_o this_o nation_n and_o upon_o the_o south_n with_o the_o roman_a province_n from_o the_o which_o they_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o glota_n now_o the_o frith_n of_o dunbriton_n which_o they_o hold_v without_o any_o sensible_a addition_n till_o after_o the_o time_n of_o beda_n after_o the_o year_n 794_o and_o the_o decease_n of_o king_n ethelred_n before_o mention_v through_o the_o advantage_n of_o a_o long_a civil_a dissension_n among_o the_o saxon_n of_o northumberland_n &_o of_o the_o danish_a war_n which_o together_o happen_v they_o get_v seize_v of_o the_o part_n lie_v betwixt_o the_o frith_n of_o solway_n &_o dunbriton_n belong_v ancient_o to_o the_o northumbrian_n kingdom_n of_o bernicia_n they_o contain_v by_o that_o time_n the_o present_a country_n of_o carict_a galloway_n cantire_n argile_n braid-albin_n lorn_n &_o rosse_n with_o other_o or_o the_o whole_a western_a part_n of_o the_o present_a scotland_n from_o solway_n frith_n coast_v northwards_o along_o the_o irish_a ocean_n king_n kenneth_n the_o second_o about_o the_o year_n 830_o the_o pict_n be_v subdue_v enlarge_v the_o dominion_n hereof_o and_o the_o name_n and_o account_v of_o scotland_n eastward_o unto_o the_o german_a ocean_n extend_v by_o this_o mean_n over_o the_o whole_a northern_a part_n of_o the_o island_n and_o sever_v from_o england_n by_o the_o frith_n of_o solway_n and_o the_o river_n tweed_n the_o more_o certain_a bound_n ever_o after_o betwixt_o the_o two_o kingdom_n malcolm_n the_o first_o about_o the_o year_n 946_o add_v cumberland_n and_o westmoreland_n part_n of_o england_n to_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o scottish_a king_n by_o the_o gift_n of_o edmund_n king_n of_o england_n to_o be_v hold_v under_o the_o fief_n of_o the_o english_a monarch_n recover_v by_o henry_n the_o second_o and_o incorporate_v with_o the_o english_a crown_n their_o government_n be_v monarchical_a yet_o where_o more_o ancient_o not_o always_o the_o next_o of_o blood_n but_o the_o ripe_a in_o year_n and_o the_o most_o fit_a to_o rule_v of_o the_o kingly_a race_n succeed_v kenneth_n the_o three_o succeed_v about_o the_o year_n 976_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o state_n make_v the_o kingdom_n first_o haereditary_a and_o to_o descend_v unto_o the_o next_o ofkin_n confirm_v by_o his_o son_n malcolm_n the_o second_o and_o continue_v unto_o our_o time_n their_o first_o king_n after_o the_o scottish_a historian_n be_v fergusius_n the_o son_n of_o ferchard_n a_o irish_a scot_n choose_v by_o the_o nation_n short_o after_o their_o arrival_n in_o britain_n &_o about_o the_o year_n 330_o before_o christ_n incarnation_n succeed_v unto_o by_o ferithariâ—_n mainus_n dornadilla_n nothatus_fw-la reutherus_n reutha_n thereus_n josina_n finnanus_fw-la durstus_n evenus_n the_o first_o gillus_n evenus_n the_o second_o ederus_n evenus_n the_o three_o
cohort_n of_o spaniard_n and_o haugustald_v of_o beda_n a_o bishop_n see_v under_o the_o saxon_n corebridge_n curia_n of_o ptolemy_n a_o city_n of_o the_o otadeni_n prudhow_n castle_n probable_o procolitia_n of_o the_o notitia_fw-la the_o station_n of_o the_o 1_o cohort_n of_o the_o batavi_n hues_n newcastle_n not_o unprobable_o gabrosentum_n of_o the_o notitia_fw-la the_o station_n of_o the_o 2_o cohort_n of_o the_o thracian_n the_o chief_a town_n a_o rich_a empory_o and_o a_o note_a port_n who_o best_a trade_n be_v upon_o coal_n distribute_v from_o hence_o over_o all_o the_o seacoa_v of_o the_o kingdom_n and_o into_o foreign_a and_o remote_a country_n seat_v upon_o the_o pict_n wall_n and_o the_o side_n of_o a_o steep_a hill_n under_o which_o run_v the_o tine_n walls-end_n vindomara_n of_o antoninus_n and_o vindobala_n of_o the_o notitia_fw-la the_o station_n of_o the_o 1_o cohort_n of_o the_o frixagori_n here_o at_o the_o tine_n end_v the_o pict_n wall_n tinmouth-castle_n tunnocellum_n of_o the_o notitia_fw-la the_o station_n of_o the_o 1_o cohort_n name_v aelia_n classica_fw-la at_o the_o sheale_v upon_o both_o side_n of_o the_o tine_n betwixt_o this_o &_o newcastle_n plenty_n of_o salt_n be_v boil_v with_o coal_n make_v of_o sea-water_n along_o the_o pict_n wall_n without_o the_o tine_n thirlewall_n betwixt_o the_o south-tine_n and_o the_o head_n of_o the_o river_n irthing_n here_o the_o scot_n &_o pict_n be_v say_v to_o have_v break_v through_o into_o the_o province_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n valentinian_n the_o three_o after_o the_o departure_n of_o the_o roman_a legion_n occasion_v the_o aide_n and_o invasion_n of_o the_o saxon_n beyond_o near_o to_o caer_n vorran_n a_o part_n of_o the_o wall_n stand_v almost_o entire_a contain_v 15_o foot_n in_o height_n &_o some_o 9_o in_o breadth_n short_a of_o busye-gap_n chester_n on_o the_o wall_n magnae_fw-la of_o the_o notitia_fw-la the_o station_n of_o the_o 2_o cohort_n of_o the_o dalmatian_n seavenshale_v hunnum_n of_o the_o notitia_fw-la the_o station_n of_o a_o wing_n of_o horse_n name_v saviniana_n by_o my_o author_n walwick_n conjectural_o gallana_n of_o antoninus_n beyond_o the_o north-tine_n cross_v the_o wall_n arise_v from_o mountain_n in_o the_o scottish_a border_n and_o name_v the_o large_a village_n of_o tindale_n stilicester_n not_o unprobable_o cilurnum_n of_o the_o notitia_fw-la the_o station_n of_o the_o 2_o wing_n of_o the_o asturian_o pont-eland_n upon_o theriver_n pont_n pons-aelii_a of_o the_o notitia_fw-la the_o station_n of_o the_o 1_o cohort_n of_o the_o cornavij_fw-la borwick_n borcovicus_n of_o the_o notitia_fw-la the_o station_n of_o the_o 1_o cohort_n of_o the_o tungri_n winchester_n in_o the_o wall_n vindolana_n of_o the_o notitia_fw-la the_o station_n of_o the_o 4_o cohort_n of_o the_o lergi_fw-la bamborrow_n castle_n short_a of_o the_o holy_a island_n bebba_n of_o beda_n morpit_fw-la upon_o the_o wents-beck_n anwick_n upon_o the_o â—iver_n alne_n upon_o the_o tweed_n and_o border_n of_o scotland_n werke-castle_n norham_n berwick_n upon_o the_o least_o bank_n camd._n &_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n a_o strong_a town_n of_o war_n oppose_v sometime_o against_o the_o scot_n the_o far_a bound_n of_o the_o english_a empire_n upon_o the_o till_o a_o river_n fall_v into_o the_o tweed_n above_o norham_n ford_n castle_n to_o the_o west_n beyond_o the_o river_n rise_v floddon_n hill_n make_v famous_a by_o the_o death_n of_o james_n the_o four_o king_n of_o scotland_n slay_v in_o a_o memorable_a battle_n by_o thomas_n howard_n earl_n of_o surrey_n general_a of_o the_o english_a in_o the_o reign_n of_o henry_n the_o eight_o nordanhumbrorum_a the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n be_v the_o otadeni_n of_o ptolemie_n part_n of_o the_o meatae_n of_o xiphilinus_n afterward_o the_o bernicij_fw-la of_o beda_n part_n of_o the_o northumbrian_n english_a the_o priorem_fw-la earldom_n of_o northumberland_n after_o the_o expulsion_n of_o the_o dane_n extend_v betwixt_o the_o river_n tweed_n and_o humber_n contain_v the_o whole_a ancient_a kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n edgar_n it_o be_v part_v into_o two_o earldom_n or_o goverment_n for_o such_o than_o be_v the_o earldom_n the_o earldom_n of_o northumberland_n beyond_o the_o river_n tine_n and_o on_o this_o side_n reunite_v not_o long_o after_o and_o again_o divide_v in_o the_o earl_n morcar_n and_o osulfus_n about_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o conqueror_n the_o part_n or_o earldom_n on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o tine_n take_v afterward_o the_o name_n of_o yorkshire_n from_o the_o chief_a city_n the_o earldom_n and_o name_n of_o northumberland_n be_v leave_v only_o to_o the_o part_n beyond_o the_o tine_n continue_v here_o unto_o our_o time_n the_o beginning_n and_o occasion_n of_o the_o present_a these_o six_o shire_n seem_v more_o ancient_o to_o have_v contain_v the_o consulary_a roman_a province_n name_v maxima_fw-la caesariensis_n by_o rufus_n festus_n valentia_n and_o the_o notitia_fw-la with_o part_n of_o the_o province_n valentia_n of_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n and_o the_o same_o author_n inhabit_v by_o the_o great_a and_o populous_a nation_n of_o the_o brigantes_n of_o ptolemie_n with_o the_o otadeni_n or_o maeatae_n under_o the_o saxon_n they_o comprehend_v the_o deiri_n of_o beda_n with_o part_n of_o the_o bernicij_fw-la divide_v asunder_o with_o the_o river_n tees_n nordanhumbrorum_n or_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o northumberland_n they_o make_v now_o the_o four_o or_o last_o division_n of_o the_o kingdom_n bound_v upon_o the_o east_n and_o west_n with_o the_o german_a &_o irish_a ocean_n upon_o the_o north_n with_o the_o river_n tweed_n and_o eske_n or_o the_o sark_n with_o solway_n frith_n from_o scotland_n &_o upon_o the_o south_n with_o humber_n and_o the_o mersee_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o england_n of_o the_o state_n of_o europe_n the_o four_o book_n contain_v the_o relation_n and_o description_n of_o scotland_n and_o of_o ireland_n with_o other_o the_o land_n of_o great_a britain_n scotland_n the_o bound_n hereof_o be_v the_o ocean_n upon_o the_o east_n west_n and_o north_n and_o upon_o the_o south_n the_o mountain_n cheviot_n the_o frith_n of_o solway_n and_o the_o river_n eske_n or_o sarke_v &_o tweed_n from_o england_n it_o lie_v betwixt_o the_o 55â…“_n and_o 60½_n degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n subject_n to_o the_o 11_o and_o 12_o with_o part_n of_o the_o 10_o and_o 13_o climate_n the_o long_a day_n at_o solway_n frith_n contain_v about_o 17_o hour_n and_o 15_o minute_n at_o straithy_a head_n the_o most_o northerly_a point_n it_o contain_v 18_o hour_n and_o 3_o quarter_n the_o length_n after_o this_o computation_n be_v 310_o italian_a mile_n the_o great_a breadth_n be_v account_v at_o 190_o english_a mile_n the_o soil_n be_v different_a the_o west_n and_o north_n craggy_a and_o mountainous_a the_o east_n and_o south_n less_o hilly_a and_o more_o fruitful_a full_a of_o river_n and_o fair_a lake_n and_o cut_v into_o by_o sundry_a long_o and_o spacious_a creek_n of_o the_o ocean_n plentiful_a in_o fish_n and_o afford_v good_a harbour_n for_o ship_v the_o hill_n abound_v with_o mineral_n sea-coal_n marble_n copper_n iron_n and_o lead_v with_o some_o silver_n nothing_o be_v want_v for_o the_o necessary_a use_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n frugal_a plain_a and_o temperate_a in_o their_o diet_n not_o accoustome_v to_o that_o luxury_n &_o excess_n usual_a to_o more_o rich_a and_o fertile_a country_n the_o ancient_a inhabitant_n be_v the_o briton_n divide_v by_o ptolemie_n into_o many_o lesser_a name_n by_o dion_n and_o xiphilinus_n into_o two_o only_a general_n of_o the_o caledonij_n and_o maeatae_n and_o last_o call_v the_o pict_n towards_o the_o wain_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n from_o their_o painting_n and_o for_o their_o better_a distinction_n from_o the_o civil_a and_o clothe_v briton_n distinguish_v by_o amm_n marcellinus_n into_o the_o the_o law_n whereby_o the_o whole_a be_v govern_v be_v the_o parliamental_a municipal_a or_o common_a and_o when_o these_o be_v want_v the_o civil_a or_o roman_n yet_o where_o conscience_n and_o equity_n do_v over-rule_v both_o beside_o the_o session_n or_o supreme_a court_n reside_v at_o edenburg_n whereunto_o appeal_n may_v be_v make_v from_o the_o rest_n &c._n &c._n here_o administer_v in_o 25_o prefectureshipp_n or_o juridical_a resort_n 1._o the_o country_n or_o sheriffdome_n of_o edenburg_n linlithquo_n selkirck_n roxburgh_n peblis_n lanark_n renfrew_n dunfreis_n wighton_n aire_n bute_n argile_n and_o tarbar_n dunbriton_n perth_n clackmannan_n kinros_n fife_n kincardin_n forfair_n aberdone_n bamff_n elgin_n forres_n narn_n innernesse_n cromarty_n and_o orkney_n and_o schetland_n 2._o the_o seneschaussee_n or_o stewarty_n of_o mentieth_n strathern_a kircudbricht_n and_o annandale_n 3._o the_o bailywick_n of_o kile_n carick_n and_o cunningham_n 4._o and_o the_o constableship_n of_o haddington_n who_o judge_n in_o both_o cause_n civil_a and_o criminal_a be_v the_o sheriff_n steward_n or_o bailiff_n of_o each_o
portugal_n it_o be_v empty_v into_o the_o western_a ocean_n not_o far_o from_o baiona_n other_o river_n have_v immediate_a intercourse_n with_o the_o ocean_n be_v first_o in_o catalonia_n 6._o lobregat_n and_o thulcis_fw-la francolino_n in_o the_o country_n of_o valentia_n guadilivar_n ripis_fw-la and_o etc_n xucar_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o granado_n guadalquivireio_n and_o guadalantin_n in_o andaluzia_n guadalethe_v in_o portugal_n betwixt_o guadiana_n and_o the_o taio_n 5._o palma_n betwixt_o the_o taio_n and_o duero_n 5._o mondego_n betwixt_o the_o duero_n and_o minio_n the_o river_n 3._o limia_n the_o famous_a geo._n lethe_n of_o the_o ancient_a poet_n there_o be_v not_o any_o river_n of_o note_n receive_v into_o the_o cantabrian_a sea_n stop_v by_o the_o intervening_a of_o the_o long_a mountainous_a ridge_n before_o mention_v draw_v from_o ronceval_n of_o the_o pyrenes_n unto_o cabo_n finisterre_n and_o coast_v along_o that_o shore_n those_o which_o be_v of_o short_a course_n and_o fall_v from_o that_o bank_n of_o mountain_n be_v the_o river_n mearo_n now_o devide_v galitia_fw-la and_o asturia_n in_o biscaia_n ibaisabellum_fw-la upon_o which_o stand_v the_o rich_a town_n of_o bilbao_n and_o in_o guipuscoa_n gurvinea_fw-la rio_fw-la the_o river_n of_o the_o port_n of_o s_o t_o sebastian_n here_o be_v also_o the_o vidosa_n spring_v out_o of_o the_o pyrenean_n mountain_n and_o at_o fuentarabia_n bound_v this_o kingdom_n and_o france_n the_o most_o part_n of_o those_o of_o the_o south_n lie_v betwixt_o the_o guadiana_n and_o ebro_n have_v the_o punic_a word_n guadi_n prefix_v a_o argument_n of_o the_o long_a and_o settle_a abode_n of_o the_o moor_n in_o those_o part_n none_o of_o these_o river_n be_v very_o deep_a and_o navigable_a usual_o spread_v too_o wide_o and_o through_o the_o natural_a drought_n of_o the_o country_n scant_v of_o water_n beside_o uneven_a and_o uncertain_a marinaeus_n siculus_n reckon_v the_o whole_a number_n to_o be_v 150_o of_o 1._o all_o sort_n divers_a name_n of_o spain_n the_o more_o ancient_a greek_a author_n have_v name_v this_o country_n 3._o iberia_n either_o from_o the_o note_a river_n iberus_n which_o be_v most_o probable_a or_o from_o the_o iberi_fw-la a_o people_n of_o asia_n neighbour_a to_o the_o caspian_a sea_n relate_v by_o pliny_n with_o the_o persian_n sometime_o to_o have_v come_v into_o those_o part_n by_o other_o also_o we_o find_v it_o sometime_o call_v 3._o celtiberia_n from_o the_o more_o warlike_a and_o famous_a nation_n of_o the_o celtiberi_fw-la likewise_o hesperia_n 36._o from_o the_o evening_n star_n and_o its_o more_o western_a situation_n the_o latter_a greek_n and_o general_o all_o the_o latin_n call_v it_o 20._o hispania_n or_o spain_n a_o name_n which_o to_o this_o day_n it_o retain_v if_o we_o may_v believe_v justin_n from_o 44._o hispanus_n once_o king_n hereof_o not_o to_o trouble_v you_o with_o more_o difficult_a and_o further_o fetch_v etymology_n and_o alike_o uncertain_a ancient_a bound_n the_o bound_n hereof_o have_v still_o be_v the_o same_o environ_v upon_o three_o side_n with_o the_o ocean_n and_o on_o the_o part_n towards_o the_o continent_n of_o europe_n wall_v from_o the_o province_n of_o gaul_n or_o france_n with_o the_o long_a ridge_n of_o the_o pyrenean_n mountain_n extend_v betwixt_o the_o mediterranean_a and_o cantabrique_n sea_n spain_n under_o the_o first_o native_n the_o 44._o first_o rule_n and_o dominion_n hereof_o be_v under_o the_o native_a spaniard_n for_o we_o read_v not_o any_o former_a name_n of_o inhabitant_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o all_o barbarous_a nation_n share_v among_o many_o lesser_a and_o obscure_a prince_n among_o these_o we_o find_v mention_n in_o macrobius_n of_o one_o theron_n king_n of_o the_o hither_o spain_n in_o herodotus_n of_o arganthonius_n and_o in_o justin_n of_o gargoris_n and_o habis_n king_n of_o tartessus_n of_o mandonius_n and_o indibilis_n in_o plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o the_o great_a african_a of_o luceyus_fw-la prince_n of_o the_o celtiberian_n in_o the_o same_o author_n concern_v other_o memory_n hereof_o in_o regard_n of_o their_o exceed_a antiquity_n and_o the_o rudeness_n of_o those_o first_o time_n little_a be_v relate_v or_o whereunto_o safe_a credit_n may_v be_v give_v the_o first_o intrusion_n of_o foreign_a nation_n of_o strange_a nation_n the_o first_o intrude_a here_o among_o be_v the_o 15._o celtae_n tyrian_n phocenses_n zacynthij_fw-la &_o rhodij_fw-la the_o occasion_n of_o who_o descent_n hither_o we_o have_v before_o point_v at_o the_o first_o arrival_n of_o the_o tyrian_n strabo_n set_v down_o to_o have_v happen_v before_o the_o age_n of_o homer_n mariana_n i_o know_v not_o from_o what_o more_o ancient_a authority_n about_o the_o foundation_n of_o the_o city_n of_o carthage_n bring_v hither_o by_o sichaeus_n husband_n to_o queen_n dido_n the_o come_n of_o the_o other_o be_v more_o uncertain_a from_o the_o celtae_n the_o warlike_a celtiberi_n calaeci_fw-la and_o celtici_n be_v descend_v by_o the_o phocenses_n a_o colony_n of_o the_o massillians_n the_o city_n emporiae_n and_o dianium_n be_v found_v by_o the_o zacynthij_n the_o famous_a saguntum_n by_o the_o rhodian_n as_o be_v think_v the_o city_n rhodope_n by_o the_o tyrian_n gades_n strabo_n relate_v in_o his_o three_o book_n the_o most_o part_n in_o his_o time_n of_o the_o town_n of_o turdetania_n and_o of_o the_o neighbour_a seacoast_n to_o have_v be_v colony_n of_o this_o people_n the_o conquest-hereof_a by_o the_o carthaginian_n the_o hispan_n first_o who_o upon_o a_o ambitious_a desire_n of_o attain_v great_a dominion_n and_o empire_n invade_v this_o province_n be_v the_o carthaginian_n repulse_v from_o sicily_n and_o other_o land_n of_o the_o levant_n about_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 132_o and_o bend_v their_o force_n towards_o the_o west_n they_o first_o take_v in_o here_o the_o island_n of_o ebusa_n belong_v to_o this_o continent_n about_o the_o year_n 236_o invite_v by_o the_o tyrian_n inhabit_v gades_n to_o their_o aid_n against_o the_o neighbour_a spaniard_n turn_v their_o faithless_a arm_n here_o against_o they_o dispossess_v they_o of_o that_o famous_a city_n and_o island_n by_o their_o captain_n himilco_n and_o hanno_n in_o the_o year_n 307_o by_o force_n and_o subtlety_n they_o get_v seize_v of_o the_o land_n of_o the_o baleares_n under_o hamilcar_n father_n to_o the_o great_a hannibal_n about_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 516_o first_o to_o any_o purpose_n attempt_v upon_o the_o continent_n they_o conquer_v betica_n together_o with_o the_o bastetani_n and_o contestani_n upon_o the_o same_o shore_n of_o the_o levant_n by_o hasdrubal_n succeed_v hereunto_o in_o the_o government_n they_o enlarge_v their_o conquest_n the_o city_n of_o the_o saguntine_n except_v as_o far_o as_o the_o ebro_n by_o hannibal_n successor_n unto_o hasdrubal_n saguntum_n take_v and_o the_o carpetani_n ilergetes_n ausetani_n and_o other_o barbarous_a people_n subdue_v they_o extend_v the_o same_o unto_o the_o pyrenaean_a mountain_n stretch_v upon_o the_o other_o side_n westward_n unto_o the_o straits_n of_o hercules_n lusitania_n and_o the_o more_o northern_a part_n exclude_v remain_v yet_o free_a and_o not_o conquer_v by_o foreign_a power_n till_o afterward_o by_o the_o fortune_n of_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n in_o the_o 14_o year_n thereof_o they_o quite_o abandon_v and_o lose_v this_o province_n drive_v out_o by_o the_o valiant_a p._n scipio_n from_o his_o great_a victory_n afterward_o surname_v the_o african_a some_o 416_o year_n after_o their_o first_o take_v of_o ebusa_n and_o about_o 32_o year_n since_o their_o invasion_n and_o conquest_n of_o the_o continent_n by_o hamilcar_n leave_v the_o same_o and_o their_o other_o hope_n herein_o to_o the_o more_o fortunate_a and_o better_a succeed_a roman_n by_o the_o roman_n the_o lib._n occasion_n of_o the_o first_o attempt_n of_o this_o nation_n hereupon_o be_v their_o like_a ambition_n of_o great_a dominion_n together_o with_o their_o jealousy_n of_o the_o carthaginian_a greatness_n who_o conquest_n here_o and_o daily_a encroaching_n they_o much_o fear_v the_o joint_a cause_n hereof_o and_o of_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n under_o cn_fw-la and_o pub_fw-la scipio_n brethren_n pretend_v the_o aid_n hereof_o and_o the_o revenge_n of_o their_o confederate_n the_o saguntine_n injurious_o war_v upon_o and_o sack_v by_o hannibal_n in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 534_o and_o about_o the_o begin_n of_o that_o war_n they_o first_o set_v foot_v herein_o after_o many_o victory_n both_o of_o they_o diasterous_o here_o slay_v by_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o treason_n of_o the_o celtiberian_n unto_o these_o with_o much_o better_a fortune_n succeed_v in_o the_o proconsulship_n and_o war_n hereof_o in_o the_o year_n of_o rome_n 543_o publius_n scipio_n the_o african_a son_n to_o the_o other_o pub_fw-la scipio_n before_o name_v who_o valour_n or_o chance_v it_o be_v utter_o to_o expel_v here-hence_o the_o carthaginian_n and_o to_o make_v way_n for_o the_o roman_a greatness_n
beast_n wherewith_o it_o be_v infest_a these_o two_o together_o be_v call_v the_o pityusae_n by_o strabo_n ibid._n from_o the_o multitude_n of_o pine_n tree_n there_o grow_v about_o they_o lie_v moncolibre_fw-fr dragonera_n &_o other_o lesser_a land_n for_o the_o most_o part_n uninhabited_a and_o not_o worth_a relation_n without_n the_o straits_n cadiz_n gades_n the_o island_n be_v situate_v near_o unto_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n guadalquivir_fw-fr distant_a about_o 700_o pace_n from_o the_o main_a land_n of_o andaluzia_n join_v thereunto_o with_o a_o bridge_n call_v puente_n de_fw-fr suaço_n the_o land_n be_v fruitful_a enrich_v beside_o with_o fish_v and_o make_v of_o salt_n and_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o west-indian_a traffic_n the_o bay_n thereof_o serve_v as_o a_o road_n for_o the_o fleet_n and_o ship_n pass_v betwixt_o sivilla_n and_o that_o continent_n 1._o cadiz_n be_v the_o only_a town_n gades_n of_o pliny_n and_o strabo_n &_o gadira_n of_o ptolemy_n found_v by_o the_o tyrian_n become_v afterward_o a_o famous_a municipium_fw-la of_o the_o roman_n and_o one_o of_o their_o four_o iuridicall_a resort_n for_o the_o province_n of_o baetica_n divide_v in_o the_o time_n of_o strabo_n into_o the_o old_a and_o new_a town_n the_o latter_a of_o they_o have_v be_v then_o late_o build_v by_o cornelius_n balbus_n seat_v in_o the_o western_a part_n of_o the_o island_n it_o be_v now_o a_o bishop_n see_v and_o a_o rich_a and_o note_a port_n here_o some_o of_o the_o ancient_n have_v put_v the_o pillar_n of_o hercules_n who_o opinion_n be_v reject_v by_o strabo_n in_o his_o three_o book_n who_o will_v rather_o have_v they_o to_o have_v be_v place_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o straits_n either_o with_o pliny_n where_o be_v the_o hill_n calpe_n and_o abila_n or_o otherwise_o in_o two_o little_a land_n neighbour_a to_o those_o two_o hill_n the_o column_n then_o be_v wear_v away_o through_o antiquity_n and_o the_o place_n retain_v only_o the_o account_n and_o name_n hereof_o other_o land_n appertain_v to_o the_o continent_n of_o spain_n and_o situate_v without_o the_o straits_n in_o the_o main_a ocean_n be_v 5._o berlinga_n against_o portugal_n betwixt_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o river_n taio_n and_o mondego_n those_o of_o baiona_n lie_v against_o that_o town_n and_o galitia_fw-la and_o zaziga_n with_o other_o before_o the_o town_n of_o corunna_n 3._o conjecture_v by_o l._n nonius_n to_o be_v the_o cassiterides_n of_o strabo_n the_o eight_o book_n contain_v the_o present_a bound_n situation_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o country_n of_o france_n the_o inhabitant_n the_o victory_n and_o great_a renown_n of_o the_o ancient_a gaul_n and_o frenchman_n a_o description_n of_o the_o modern_a french_a manner_n their_o language_n and_o religion_n their_o bishop_n the_o revenue_n of_o the_o clergy_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o civil_a government_n the_o court_n of_o parliament_n bailliage_n and_o seneschauss_n the_o king_n his_o manner_n of_o succession_n the_o salic_a law_n the_o title_n of_o most_o christian_n king_n his_o dominion_n and_o revenue_n the_o country_n or_o great_a division_n of_o france_n france_z name_v thus_o from_o the_o victorious_a and_o renown_a nation_n of_o the_o frenchman_n it_o be_v bound_v upon_o the_o south_n with_o the_o sea_n mediterranean_n upon_o the_o west_n and_o south-west_n with_o the_o western_a or_o aquitanique_a ocean_n and_o the_o pyrenaean_a mountain_n from_o spain_n upon_o the_o north_n with_o the_o english_a channel_n &_o upon_o the_o east_n &_o north-east_n first_o with_o alps_n from_o italy_n then_o with_o a_o line_n draw_v from_o thence_o on_o the_o hither_o side_n of_o the_o rhijn_n unto_o the_o town_n of_o calis_n divide_v it_o from_o the_o low-countries_n and_o germany_n the_o great_a length_n hereof_o be_v 660_o italian_a mile_n or_o 330_o french_a the_o breadth_n 570_o the_o circumference_n or_o compass_v 2040_o of_o the_o same_o mile_n it_o be_v situate_v betwixt_o the_o 20_o and_o 38_o degree_n of_o longitude_n and_o the_o 41½_n and_o 52_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n or_o betwixt_o the_o 13_o or_o middle_a parallel_n of_o the_o 5_o clime_n where_o the_o long_a day_n have_v 15_o hour_n &_o the_o 19_o or_o middle_a parallel_n of_o the_o 8_o clime_n where_o the_o same_o contain_v 16_o hour_n and_o a_o half_a the_o air_n in_o regard_n thereof_o be_v very_o temperate_a and_o please_v not_o so_o hot_a and_o scorch_a as_o spain_n before_o describe_v nor_o so_o cold_a &_o raw_a as_o be_v the_o more_o northern_a part_n the_o country_n be_v no_o less_o pleasant_a then_o fruitful_a store_v with_o all_o variety_n whether_o for_o necessity_n or_o ornament_n sport_v and_o prodigal_a nature_n can_v afford_v plain_a for_o the_o most_o part_n and_o numerous_o inhabit_v not_o encumber_v with_o so_o many_o desert_n and_o fruitless_a waste_n of_o wood_n marsh_n and_o mountain_n ordinary_a to_o neighbour_a region_n not_o undeserved_o account_v the_o garden_n and_o paradise_n of_o europe_n the_o chief_a commodity_n send_v out_o from_o hence_o be_v corn_n &_o wine_n with_o the_o former_a whereof_o the_o want_v that_o way_n of_o spain_n be_v abundant_o supply_v with_o the_o other_o those_o of_o england_n and_o more_o northern_a country_n it_o yield_v such_o plenty_n of_o salt_n as_o which_o may_v seem_v sufficient_a to_o store_v all_o europe_n a_o no_o small_a part_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o likewise_o bring_v forth_o great_a abundance_n of_o olive_n fig_n and_o other_o sort_n of_o most_o delicious_a fruit_n proper_a to_o hot_a country_n in_o the_o southern_a part_n where_o lie_n provence_n &_o languedoc_n the_o more_o ancient_a inhabitant_n be_v the_o gaul_n renown_v in_o time_n pass_v for_o their_o many_o great_a and_o famous_a victory_n atcheive_v through_o the_o world_n from_o these_o the_o warlike_a nation_n of_o the_o celtiberi_n lusitani_n and_o astures_n in_o spain_n be_v descend_v boioarijs_fw-la these_o under_o their_o captain_n segovesus_fw-la victorious_o range_v over_o all_o germany_n from_o who_o have_v spring_v the_o bohemian_n and_o bavarian_o with_o other_o people_n of_o that_o continent_n from_o whence_o most_o probable_o continue_v their_o conquest_n as_o far_o as_o scythia_n they_o there_o found_v the_o celtoscythae_fw-la these_o under_o bellovesus_n brother_n to_o segovesus_fw-la about_o the_o same_o time_n pass_v over_o the_o alps_n conquer_v the_o next_o part_n of_o italy_n unto_o they_o call_v afterward_o from_o hence_o gaul_n cisalpina_n after_o this_o by_o brennus_n they_o take_v and_o sack_v rome_n afterward_o by_o belgius_n and_o another_o brennus_n with_o unresistable_a may_v they_o ransack_v illyricum_n pannony_n greece_n &_o thrace_n from_o whence_o under_o lomnorius_n and_o lutorius_n ferry_v over_o the_o hellespont_n they_o subdue_v the_o whole_a asia_n lie_v on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o mountain_n taurus_n which_o together_o with_o the_o neighbour_a country_n of_o syria_n they_o a_o long_a time_n hold_v under_o their_o tribute_n seat_v about_o the_o river_n halys_n and_o occasion_v there_o the_o name_n of_o the_o gallogreekes_a or_o galatae_n infra_fw-la the_o first_o who_o conquer_v this_o victorious_a nation_n and_o make_v they_o subject_a to_o foreign_a law_n to_o let_v pass_v their_o private_a difference_n with_o ariovistus_n and_o the_o german_n be_v the_o roman_n as_o in_o part_n by_o former_a captain_n so_o total_o by_o c_o julius_n caesar_n immediate_o before_o his_o civil_a war_n with_o pompey_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n gratian_n come_v first_o hither_o the_o briton_n from_o the_o island_n of_o great_a bretaigne_n place_v in_o gaul_n armorique_fw-la by_o the_o tyrant_n maximus_n rebel_a against_o gratian_n from_o who_o that_o part_n have_v since_o be_v name_v bretaigne_n not_o long_o after_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n the_o burgundian_n be_v receive_v in_o intrude_a among_o the_o hedui_n &_o sequani_n then_o the_o visigot_n to_o who_o gaul_n narbonensis_n be_v allot_v short_o after_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o three_o valentian_n the_o franci_n or_o frenchman_n break_v in_o who_o the_o roman_n beat_v out_o and_o the_o other_o barbarian_n subdue_v in_o a_o short_a time_n make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o whole_a province_n give_v the_o name_n of_o france_n thereunto_o since_o the_o french_a conquest_n and_o monarchy_n the_o vascones_n a_o spanish_a people_n after_o pasquier_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n dagobert_n the_o first_o or_o as_o in_o chesne_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o guntran_n king_n of_o orleans_n break_v forth_o of_o the_o pyrenaean_a mountain_n here_o seize_v upon_o that_o part_n of_o aquitania_n which_o since_o from_o thence_o have_v be_v call_v gascoigne_n afterward_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o charles_n the_o simple_a the_o norman_n by_o force_n &_o composition_n get_v possession_n of_o the_o country_n call_v neustria_n name_v since_o from_o these_o normandy_n the_o whole_a inhabitant_n by_o mean_n of_o their_o
t_o eutropius_n of_o saintes_n s_o t_o lucian_n of_o beauvois_n s_o t_o taurinus_n of_o eureux_fw-fr and_o s_o t_o nicasius_n of_o rouen_n appoint_v by_o saint_n t_o clement_n bishop_n of_o rome_n successor_n to_o s_o t_o peter_n that_o a_o church_n here_o flourish_v during_o those_o first_o time_n amid_o stream_n of_o blood_n torture_n and_o persecution_n beside_o other_o testimony_n may_v witness_v the_o doleful_a letter_n of_o the_o distress_a christian_n of_o vienna_n and_o lion_n send_v unto_o the_o church_n of_o asia_n and_o phrygia_n about_o the_o year_n 179_o and_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n m._n aurelius_n antoninus_n philosophus_fw-la mention_v by_o eusebius_n in_o his_o 1._o 5_o book_n and_o 1_o chapter_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n constantine_n the_o great_a gentilism_n abolish_v religion_n be_v here_o as_o through_o the_o whole_a roman_a empire_n public_o profess_v and_o authorize_v exauthorize_v short_o after_o by_o constantius_n and_o julianus_n and_o reestablish_v again_o by_o jovianus_n and_o the_o succeed_a catholic_a roman_a emperor_n of_o the_o west_n towards_o the_o expiration_n of_o the_o western_a roman_a empire_n swarm_v in_o hither_o the_o barbarous_a northern_a nation_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n and_o valentinian_n the_o three_o by_o who_o religion_n be_v again_o eclypse_v of_o these_o the_o burgundian_n 19_o a_o more_o civil_a people_n than_o the_o rest_n be_v christian_n and_o catholic_n before_o their_o come_n hither_o the_o goth_n be_v arrian_n suprà _fw-la in_o which_o heresy_n they_o persist_v until_o the_o reign_n of_o reccaredus_n monarch_n of_o spain_n and_o the_o three_o council_n of_o toledo_n in_o the_o year_n 588_o at_o what_o time_n they_o first_o become_v catholic_n the_o frenchman_n at_o their_o first_o entrance_n be_v gentile_n under_o clovys_n or_o clodoveus_n their_o five_o king_n from_o pharamont_n after_o their_o great_a victory_n obtain_v against_o the_o almain_n at_o zulp_n or_o tolbiacum_n they_o aunal_n first_o embrace_v the_o christian_a faith_n wherein_o with_o great_a constancy_n and_o zeal_n they_o have_v persevere_v unto_o our_o time_n through_o their_o many_o and_o great_a conquest_n and_o victory_n enlarge_n afterward_o as_o their_o empire_n so_o the_o bound_n of_o christianity_n over_o the_o whole_a gaul_n or_o france_n and_o the_o better_a part_n of_o germany_n with_o other_o neighbour_a country_n of_o europe_n corrupt_v not_o long_o afterward_o by_o popish_a imposture_n and_o make_v subject_a to_o the_o common_a error_n and_o misfortune_n of_o the_o western_a church_n the_o first_o here_o who_o open_o dare_v make_v head_n against_o the_o abuse_n &_o tyranny_n of_o the_o see_v of_o rome_n be_v the_o waldense_n name_v thus_o ibidem_fw-la from_o one_o peter_n waldus_n a_o citizen_n of_o lion_n their_o chief_n and_o call_v otherwise_o the_o poor_a man_n of_o lion_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o poverty_n and_o exile_n which_o happen_v about_o the_o year_n 1160_o and_o reign_v of_o lewis_n the_o seven_o french_a king_n the_o waldense_n overbear_v and_o scatter_v by_o the_o power_n and_o greatness_n of_o the_o papacy_n &_o hidver_v under_o the_o ash_n for_o a_o time_n after_o certain_a year_n break_v out_o again_o under_o a_o other_o name_n of_o the_o albigense_n call_v thus_o from_o the_o town_n of_o alby_n in_o languedoc_n where_o they_o first_o make_v open_a profession_n spread_v their_o opinion_n over_o the_o most_o ibidem_fw-la part_n of_o languedoc_n and_o the_o southern_a french_a province_n and_o maintain_v their_o cause_n by_o force_n of_o arm_n for_o about_o the_o space_n of_o 50_o year_n during_o the_o reign_v of_o philip_n augustus_n and_o of_o lewis_n the_o eight_o and_o s._n lewis_n or_o lewis_n the_o nine_o favour_v and_o maintain_v among_o other_o of_o the_o french_a nobility_n of_o the_o earl_n by_o tholouse_n foix_n cominge_n and_o beziers_n and_o assist_v by_o peter_n the_o second_o king_n of_o arragon_n slay_v in_o their_o quarrel_n at_o the_o battle_n of_o muret_n after_o long_a oppression_n misery_n and_o war_n last_o wear_v out_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o s_o t_o lewis_n or_o force_v to_o retire_v among_o mountain_n and_o more_o difficult_a place_n of_o access_n where_o in_o daulphinye_a savoy_n but_o more_o notable_o in_o provence_n we_o find_v a_o continual_a succession_n of_o they_o certain_a remainder_n whereof_o be_v those_o miserable_a people_n of_o merindol_n and_o chabrieres_n cruel_o slay_v and_o massacre_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o king_n francis_n the_o first_o some_o pretend_a position_n of_o they_o be_v set_v down_o by_o b_o sieur_n du_fw-fr haillan_n in_o philip_n augustus_n and_o 1._o mariana_n in_o his_o 12_o book_n and_o 1_o chapter_n for_o the_o most_o part_n monstrous_a false_a and_o most_o suppositious_a after_o the_o popish_a manner_n malicious_o feign_v to_o disgrace_v their_o cause_n and_o the_o orthodox_n religion_n what_o more_o unpartial_o and_o true_o they_o be_v see_v the_o confession_n of_o the_o waldense_n lydium_fw-la in_o balth_n lydius_n and_o joachimus_fw-la etc._n camerarius_fw-la those_o reform_a cover_v afterward_o under_o the_o more_o odious_a name_n of_o the_o lutheran_n calvinist_n and_o hugonot_n and_o consent_v with_o they_o in_o doctrine_n and_o opinion_n no_o less_o persecution_n afflict_v then_o before_o during_o the_o whole_a reign_v of_o francis_n the_o first_o before_o mention_v &_o henry_n the_o second_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o next_o succeed_a prince_n francis_n the_o second_o the_o number_n of_o the_o protestant_n daily_a increase_n begin_v first_o those_o bloody_a civil_a war_n for_o religion_n after_o the_o troublesome_a &_o unfortunate_a reign_v of_o three_o brethren_n king_n francis_n the_o second_o charles_n the_o nine_o and_o henry_n the_o three_o infinite_a battle_n and_o conflict_n fight_v the_o take_n and_o sacking_n of_o town_n and_o city_n on_o both_o side_n the_o slaughter_n and_o killing_n of_o prince_n and_o head_n of_o both_o faction_n many_o treaty_n and_o peace_n make_v and_o the_o same_o still_o break_v by_o the_o happy_a procurement_n of_o the_o late_a king_n henry_n the_o four_o a_o last_a and_o firm_a peace_n be_v at_o length_n grant_v hereunto_o which_o since_o his_o decease_n his_o queen_n mary_n de_fw-fr medici_n regent_n of_o france_n and_o not_o without_o some_o quarrel_n and_o bicker_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n his_o son_n lewis_n the_o thirteen_o more_o late_o have_v confirm_v their_o be_v then_o two_o different_a name_n of_o religion_n now_o open_o profess_v and_o allow_v in_o this_o kingdom_n that_o of_o the_o papist_n adhere_v to_o the_o sea_n of_o rome_n and_o the_o reform_a or_o calvinisme_n of_o the_o popish_a sect_n be_v still_o the_o king_n for_o so_o their_o strong_a side_n constrain_v he_o most_o of_o his_o nobility_n councelour_n and_o officer_n of_o estate_n with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o common_a people_n the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o protestant_n differ_v not_o from_o that_o of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n their_o order_n &_o discipline_n be_v such_o which_o the_o condition_n of_o their_o state_n poor_a &_o afflict_a rather_o tolerate_v then_o allow_v &_o without_o bishop_n &_o tithe_n &_o almost_o church_n detain_v by_o the_o papist_n have_v necessary_o enforce_v they_o unto_o the_o ecclesiastical_a dignity_n be_v all_o still_o hold_v by_o the_o popish_a clergy_n of_o these_o be_v reckon_v 15_o archbishoprics_a 109_o bishopric_n 540_o monastery_n or_o abbey_n 27400_o pastoral_a cure_n after_o the_o number_n of_o their_o parish_n account_v but_o one_o parish_n for_o every_o city_n beside_o chapel_n and_o infinite_a other_o religious_a place_n their_o bishop_n and_o archbishop_n follow_v under_o lion_n the_o primate_n of_o the_o kingdom_n the_o bishop_n of_o austun_n langres_n chaalon_n upon_o the_o soasne_n &_o mascon_n under_o rheims_n chalon_n upon_o the_o marne_n laon_n soissons_fw-fr cambray_n tournay_n arras_n boulogne_n amiens_n noion_n senlis_n &_o beauvois_n under_o rouen_n sais_n aurenche_n constances_n bayeux_n lyseux_n &_o eureux_fw-fr under_o sens_n paris_n chartres_n orleans_n auxerre_n meaux_n nevers_n &_o troy_n under_o tours_n man_n angiers_n renes_fw-la nantes_n cournovaille_n vannes_n leon_n triguier_n dol_n s_o t_o malo_n &_o s._n brieu_o under_o bourdeaux_n saint_n poitiers_n lusson_n mailesais_n perigueux_n sarlat_n condom_n and_o again_o under_o bourge_n mende_n castres_n le_fw-fr puy_n en_fw-fr velay_n rhodes_n vabres_fw-es &_o cahors_n under_o tholouse_n montaubon_n rieux_n mirepoix_n vaur_n lombez_n s._n papoul_n and_o apamy_n under_o narbonne_n carcassone_n besier_n agde_v lodesve_fw-la nismes_n montpelier_n vzez_n eaule_n ale_v and_o s._n pont_n de_fw-fr tonieres_n under_o aux_fw-fr cominge_n or_o saint_n bernard_n coserans_n lactoure_n tarbe_n air_n basatz_n d'ax_n baione_n lescar_n and_o oleron_n under_o aix_n ries_z apt_a gap_n cisteron_fw-gr and_o feriul_n under_o ambrun_n digne_fw-fr senez_fw-fr clandeve_n la_o grace_n s._n paul_n de_fw-fr vences_n and_o nice_a under_o vienne_n geneve_n grenoble_n maurienne_n
the_o great_a and_o his_o son_n lewis_n the_o godly_a be_v sole_a commander_n of_o all_o gaul_n of_o germany_n unto_o the_o river_n eydore_n elb_n &_o saltza_n of_o pannony_n of_o a_o great_a part_n of_o italy_n and_o of_o barcelona_n or_o catalonia_n in_o spain_n since_o the_o usurpation_n of_o capet_n he_o for_o a_o long_a time_n hold_v subject_a in_o the_o low-countries_n the_o great_a earldom_n of_o flanders_n with_o that_o other_o of_o artois_n hold_v always_o by_o the_o prince_n thereof_o under_o the_o fief_n and_o sovereignty_n of_o this_o crown_n by_o the_o late_a league_n of_o cambray_n in_o the_o reign_v of_o henry_n the_o second_o french_z king_n and_o philip_z the_o second_o king_n of_o spain_n quit_v from_o all_o right_a and_o acknowledgement_n hereof_o at_o this_o day_n he_o only_o retain_v modern_a france_n limit_v as_o above_o together_o with_o the_o bare_a title_n of_o navarre_n the_o country_n ever_o since_o ferdinand_n the_o five_o be_v witheld_a from_o he_o by_o the_o spaniard_n the_o great_a cause_n frâ—_n of_o the_o decline_a hereof_o have_v be_v 1_o that_o improvident_a division_n of_o the_o french_a empire_n by_o the_o son_n of_o the_o emperor_n lewis_n the_o godly_a whereby_o not_o only_a gaul_n or_o france_n within_o the_o rhijn_n become_v part_v into_o divers_a lesser_a seigneurye_n but_o italy_n and_o germany_n quite_o rend_v herefrom_o their_o kingdom_n with_o the_o honour_n and_o title_n of_o roman_a emperor_n be_v translate_v to_o foreign_a &_o strange_a family_n 2_o the_o monstrous_a alienation_n of_o many_o the_o chief_a province_n hereof_o grant_v by_o former_a king_n with_o a_o bare_a reservation_n of_o homage_n unto_o themselves_o by_o which_o mean_v the_o great_a dukedom_n of_o aquitaine_n and_o guienne_n bretaigne_n normandy_n and_o burgundy_n the_o earldom_n of_o champagne_n and_o provençe_v with_o other_o contain_v above_o one_o half_a part_n of_o the_o whole_a france_n become_v for_o a_o long_a time_n free_a and_o loose_v from_o the_o immediate_a command_n and_o jurisdiction_n hereof_o which_o by_o marriage_n &_o otherwise_o come_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o stranger_n or_o of_o some_o not_o so_o well_o affect_v to_o this_o crown_n have_v much_o disable_v he_o for_o any_o great_a performance_n and_o oftentimes_o turn_v their_o arm_n hereagainst_a have_v much_o endanger_v the_o ruin_n of_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n a_o no_o small_a advantage_n of_o the_o english_a &_o cause_n of_o the_o many_o victory_n which_o they_o achieve_v in_o time_n pass_v against_o this_o nation_n 3_o the_o infinite_a faction_n whereunto_o this_o unconstant_a and_o stir_a people_n have_v be_v still_o subject_a and_o from_o the_o which_o they_o have_v be_v almost_o never_o clear_a whereof_o their_o wise_a neighbour_n have_v still_o know_v to_o make_v good_a use_n 4_o the_o jealousy_n of_o neighbour_a prince_n especial_o since_o the_o great_a attempt_n and_o conquest_n upon_o milan_n and_o naples_n by_o charles_n the_o eight_o and_o lewis_z the_o twelth_n bend_v their_o league_n and_o set_v up_o &_o enable_v the_o spaniard_n against_o he_o but_o as_o his_o power_n and_o ancient_a greatness_n have_v be_v hereby_o much_o abate_v so_o yet_o neither_o have_v they_o be_v so_o empare_v but_o that_o for_o solid_a &_o true_a strength_n he_o remain_v now_o nothing_o inferior_a to_o any_o christian_a prince_n of_o europe_n indeed_o he_o be_v not_o lord_n of_o such_o huge_a and_o spacious_a dominion_n as_o some_o other_o be_v yet_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o general_a fertility_n and_o riches_n of_o his_o country_n their_o compaction_n and_o unitednes_n not_o break_v into_o diverse_a kingdom_n or_o part_v by_o see_v or_o the_o intervening_a of_o foreign_a state_n his_o store_n of_o strong_a and_o well_o fortify_v cite_v and_o town_n in_o every_o province_n the_o infinite_a number_n of_o his_o french_a subject_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o extraordinary_a populousnes_n of_o the_o country_n the_o substance_n of_o war_n &_o the_o wall_n of_o kingdom_n estimate_v at_o 15_o million_o of_o inhabitant_n and_o that_o harmony_n and_o good_a agreement_n which_o shall_v be_v among_o a_o people_n of_o the_o same_o law_n nation_n country_n and_o language_n we_o shall_v find_v he_o to_o have_v sundry_a advantage_n above_o many_o of_o his_o neighbour_n firm_a strong_a great_a and_o not_o easy_o to_o be_v endanger_v by_o the_o main_a combination_n of_o his_o adversary_n a_o especial_a strength_n and_o advantage_n of_o the_o present_a above_o the_o former_a king_n have_v be_v the_o incorporation_n of_o the_o many_o alienate_v great_a dukedom_n and_o estate_n before_o mention_v through_o the_o great_a wisdom_n of_o his_o predecessor_n still_o as_o they_o be_v get_v in_o by_o war_n or_o marriage_n be_v inseparable_o unite_v to_o the_o crown_n hereof_o what_o his_o revenue_n may_v be_v from_o so_o rich_a a_o kingdom_n we_o will_v not_o define_v mounseur_fw-fr froumenteau_n in_o his_o book_n entitle_v les_fw-fr secret_n des_fw-fr finance_n account_v they_o for_o 31_o year_n space_n during_o the_o late_a reign_v of_o henry_n the_o second_o &_o of_o the_o three_o brethren_n king_n at_o 15623655_o 17_o 31_o escus_fw-la or_o french_a crown_n one_o year_n with_o a_o other_o but_o whereof_o a_o great_a part_n be_v then_o make_v by_o the_o confiscation_n of_o protestant_n good_n alienation_n of_o their_o domain_n &_o by_o the_o like_a casualty_n incident_a to_o trouble_a state_n can_v be_v account_v ordinary_a the_o country_n contain_v now_o 24_o great_a division_n or_o province_n of_o bretaigne_n normandy_n picardy_n champagne_n brie_n france_n special_a beausse_fw-fr poictou_n engoulmois_n berry_n bourbonois_n forest_n &_o beaviolois_n lionois_n auvergne_n limousin_n perigort_n guienne_n gaiscoigne_n quercy_n rovergne_n languedoc_n provençe_n dauphin_n and_o bourgogne_n divide_v among_o 8_o iuridicall_a resort_n or_o parliament_n of_o paris_n roven_n renes_fw-la bourdeaux_n tholouse_n aix_n dijon_n and_o grenoble_n who_o description_n follow_v have_v first_o set_v down_o the_o ancient_a estate_n hereof_o with_o the_o sundry_a change_n and_o succession_n people_n nation_n and_o goverment_n happen_v unto_o our_o time_n occasion_v the_o present_a name_n state_n and_o division_n the_o nine_o book_n contain_v the_o description_n of_o the_o more_o famous_a mountain_n and_o river_n of_o france_n their_o ancient_a and_o modern_a name_n the_o ancient_a name_n and_o etymology_n of_o gaul_n the_o distinction_n hereof_o into_o gaul_n on_o this_o side_n and_o beyond_o the_o alps_n the_o beginning_n and_o occasion_n of_o the_o name_n of_o gaul_n on_o this_o side_n the_o alps_n the_o bound_n situation_n and_o ancient_a estate_n of_o gaul_n on_o this_o side_n the_o alps_n before_o the_o subjection_n thereof_o to_o the_o roman_n and_o reunion_n with_o italy_n the_o ancient_a limit_n and_o extent_n of_o gaul_n beyond_o the_o alps_n the_o first_o inhabitant_n of_o gaul_n beyond_o the_o alps_n the_o intrusion_n of_o the_o neighbour_a german_n and_o of_o the_o greek_n phocenses_n the_o foundation_n of_o the_o ancient_a and_o noble_a city_n of_o marseilles_n the_o conquest_n of_o gaul_n beyond_o the_o alps_n by_o the_o roman_n the_o description_n and_o face_n hereof_o during_o the_o roman_a government_n out_o of_o ptolemy_n pliny_n antoninus_n and_o other_o the_o history_n invasion_n and_o conquest_n of_o the_o briton_n wisigothe_n burgundian_n almain_n and_o frenchman_n the_o conquest_n of_o the_o whole_a by_o the_o french_a the_o large_a extent_n ancient_o of_o the_o french_a dominion_n the_o reestablishment_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n of_o the_o west_n in_o charles_n the_o great_a and_o the_o french_a nation_n the_o name_n of_o france_n the_o distinction_n hereof_o into_o the_o part_n and_o name_n of_o oostenreich_a and_o westreich_a the_o division_n of_o the_o grand_a monarchy_n of_o the_o french_a by_o the_o son_n and_o posterity_n of_o the_o emperor_n lewis_n the_o godly_a the_o french_a kingdom_n of_o germany_n and_o italy_n their_o rent_n from_o the_o nation_n and_o name_n of_o the_o french_a the_o kingdom_n of_o burgundy_n lorraine_n and_o west-france_n the_o dukedom_n of_o lorraine_n juliers_n cleve_n brabant_n luxemburg_n limburg_n and_o gelderlandt_n the_o palatinate_n of_o the_o rhijn_n the_o bishopric_n of_o liege_n and_o utrecht_n the_o lantgraveship_n of_o elsatz_n the_o earldom_n of_o namur_n hainault_n holland_n and_o zealandt_n part_n sometime_o of_o the_o ancient_a french_a kingdom_n of_o lorraine_n the_o unite_n of_o brabant_n luxemburg_n limâ—urg_n gelderlandt_n namur_n hainault_n holland_n zealandt_n utrecht_n unto_o the_o netherlands_o and_o family_n of_o burgundy_n and_o of_o the_o rest_n to_o the_o empire_n of_o the_o german_n the_o dukedom_n of_o savoy_n and_o of_o burgundy_n on_o this_o side_n the_o soasne_n and_o beyond_o the_o jour_fw-fr the_o earldom_n of_o lion_n and_o mascon_n the_o free_a counrye_n of_o burgundy_n the_o kingdom_n of_o arles_n the_o earldom_n of_o provence_n daulphiny_a and_o the_o commonwealth_n and_o league_n of_o the_o
king_n of_o england_n william_n the_o first_o son_n to_o john_n the_o three_o william_n the_o second_o son_n to_z william_n the_o first_o the_o last_o duke_n of_o cleve_n gulick_n and_o bergen_n and_o earl_n of_o marck_n continue_v in_o the_o line_n masculine_a and_o descend_v from_o adolph_n the_o ten_o he_o decease_v in_o the_o year_n 1609_o without_o issue_n after_o his_o decease_n the_o estate_n hereof_o be_v controverse_v betwixt_o the_o emperor_n rodulph_n the_o second_o pretend_v the_o prerogative_n and_o right_a of_o the_o empire_n upon_o the_o fail_n of_o the_o male_a issue_n and_o wolfang_n prince_n of_o nuburg_n and_o george-william_n duke_n of_o prussen_n descend_v from_o the_o elder_a daughter_n of_o duke_n william_n the_o first_o by_o the_o favour_n and_o arm_n of_o neighbour_a prince_n gulick_n besiege_v and_o take_v establish_v in_o the_o possession_n hereof_o george-william_n duke_n of_o prussen_n son_n to_o john_n sigismond_n marquesse_n and_o electour_n of_o brandenburg_n and_o to_o anne_n daughter_n to_o albert_n duke_n of_o prussen_n and_o to_o mary-leonor_n elder_a daughter_n to_o william_n the_o first_o duke_n of_o cleve_n and_o wolfang_n prince_n of_o nuburg_n son_n to_o philip-lewis_n count_n palatine_n of_o nuburg_n &_o to_o anne-magdelin_a second_o daughter_n to_o duke_n william_n the_o first_o and_o sister_n to_o duke_n william_n the_o second_o duke_n of_o cleve_n gulick_n and_o bergen_n and_o earl_n of_o marck_n in_o the_o year_n 1616_o and_o at_o this_o present_a the_o palatinate_n of_o the_o rhiin_n it_o likewise_o lie_v on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o rhijn_n so_o name_v from_o the_o counte-palatines_a 10._o or_o prince_n thus_o style_v ancient_o seat_v in_o those_o part_n and_o in_o continuance_n of_o time_n by_o gift_n purchase_n marriage_n &_o arm_n become_v lord_n hereof_o how_o these_o by_o little_a &_o little_o become_v seize_v of_o the_o country_n read_v franc_n irenicus_n in_o his_o 3_o book_n &_o 54_o &_o 55._o chapter_n who_o be_v these_o first_o paltzgrave_v it_o be_v not_o agree_v upon_o trithemius_n name_v count_n palatine_n before_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o great_a other_o account_n their_o beginning_n from_o the_o time_n of_o this_o emperor_n irenicus_n more_o probable_o from_o the_o emperor_n of_o the_o german_a race_n &_o house_n of_o saxony_n they_o be_v not_o more_o ancient_o prince_n or_o hereditary_a and_o but_o only_o chief_a judge_n among_o the_o dutch_a or_o precedent_n in_o their_o court_n of_o judicature_n thus_o entitle_v appoint_v by_o the_o emperor_n and_o continue_v during_o pleasure_n the_o first_o of_o these_o whereof_o there_o be_v any_o certain_a mention_n be_v one_o henry_n live_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n otho_n the_o three_o appoint_v one_o of_o the_o six_o first_o electour_n of_o the_o empire_n after_o he_o the_o count_n palatine_n &_o electour_n follow_v sigifrid_n count_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhijn_n and_o elector_n son_n to_o adelheild_n by_o a_o former_a husband_n wife_n unto_o henry_n the_o first_o electour_n ezeline_n &_o conrade_n sons_z to_z sigifrid_n lutolphus_fw-la son_n to_o ezelin_n conrade_z in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n henry_n the_o five_o frederique_n son_n to_o frederique_n with_o the_o one_o eye_n duke_n of_o schwaben_n and_o nephew_n to_o the_o emperor_n conrade_n the_o three_o henry_n surname_v the_o lion_n duke_n of_o saxony_n &_o bavaria_n henry_n son_n to_z henry_n surname_v the_o lion_n engerus_n henry_n the_o four_o hitherto_o the_o order_n be_v confuse_v otto_n the_o second_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n upon_o his_o marriage_n with_o gertrude_n daughter_n unto_o henry_n the_o four_o create_v count_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhijn_n and_o electour_n by_o the_o emperor_n frederique_n the_o second_o he_o decease_v in_o the_o year_n 1259._o lewis_n the_o second_o duke_n of_o bavaria_n &_o electour_n &_o count_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhijn_n he_o die_v in_o the_o year_n 1294._o after_o the_o decease_n hereof_o these_o two_o estate_n of_o bavaria_n &_o the_o palatinate_n become_v again_o divide_v as_o they_o have_v continue_v ever_o since_o lewis_n his_o young_a son_n succeed_v in_o the_o part_n of_o bavaria_n since_o call_v the_o dukedom_n of_o bavaria_n and_o contain_v betwixt_o the_o danow_n and_o the_o alps_n and_o rodulph_n his_o elder_a son_n in_o the_o electourship_n and_o the_o palatinate_n of_o the_o rhijn_n together_o with_o nortgow_n ancient_o part_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o bavaria_n and_o then_o first_o separate_v and_o from_o the_o possession_n of_o these_o prince_n name_v since_o the_o upper_a palatinate_n or_o the_o palatinate_n of_o bavaria_n rodulph_n elder_a son_n to_o lewis_n the_o second_o electour_n and_o count_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhijn_n his_o young_a brother_n lewis_n succeed_v in_o the_o dukedom_n of_o bavaria_n create_v afterward_o roman_a emperor_n from_o who_o the_o present_a duke_n of_o bavaria_n be_v descend_v adolph_n surname_v the_o simple_a electour_n &_o coute_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhiin_n elder_a son_n to_o rodulph_n his_o young_a brother_n robert_n &_o rodolph_n be_v also_o style_v electour_n a_o chief_a cause_n of_o his_o surname_n of_o simple_a rupert_n son_n to_o adolph_n the_o simple_n electour_n &_o count_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhijn_n rupert_n the_o second_o son_n to_o rupert_n the_o first_o he_o be_v afterward_o create_v roman_a emperor_n lewis_n the_o three_o surname_v with_o the_o beard_n son_n to_o the_o emperor_n rupert_n from_o stephen_n of_o bipont_n his_o young_a brother_n descend_v the_o duke_n of_o zweibruck_n or_o bipont_n as_o also_o the_o modern_a electour_n the_o house_n of_o lewis_n the_o three_o become_v afterward_o in_o otto-henry_n extinguish_v lewis_n the_o four_o son_n to_z lewis_z the_o three_o philip_n son_n to_z lewis_z the_o four_o lewis_n the_o five_o son_n to_o philip._n he_o die_v without_o heir_n frederique_n the_o first_o son_n to_o philip_n and_o brother_n to_o lewis_n the_o five_o he_o also_o die_v without_o heir_n otto-henry_n son_n to_o rupert_n brother_n to_o lewis_n the_o five_o and_o frederique_n the_o first_o the_o last_o electour_n and_o count_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhijn_n of_o the_o house_n of_o lewis_n the_o three_o decease_a with_o heir_n after_o who_o succeed_v in_o electourship_n the_o house_n of_o stephen_n of_o bipont_n frederique_n the_o three_o duke_n of_o zimmeren_n son_n to_o john_n the_o second_o son_n to_o john_n the_o first_o son_n to_o frederique_n earl_n of_o spanheim_n son_n to_o stephen_n of_o bipont_n son_n to_o the_o emperor_n rupert_n the_o house_n of_o lewis_n the_o three_o fail_v in_o otto-henry_n in_o the_o year_n 1559_o succeed_v in_o the_o electourship_n &_o palatinate_n he_o be_v style_v frederique_n the_o three_o in_o regard_n of_o frederique_n three_o surname_v the_o victorious_a young_a son_n to_o lewis_n the_o three_o who_o although_o not_o electour_n have_v notwithstanding_o usurp_v this_o title_n in_o the_o minority_n of_o philip_n electour_n of_o who_o he_o be_v guardian_n lewis_n the_o six_o son_n to_o frederique_n the_o three_o frederique_n the_o four_o son_n to_z lewis_z the_o six_o govern_v in_o his_o minority_n by_o john_n casimir_n count_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhiin_n and_o knight_n of_o the_o honourable_a order_n of_o the_o garter_n in_o england_n son_n to_o frederique_n the_o three_o and_o brother_n to_o lewis_n the_o six_o frederique_n the_o five_o son_n to_o frederique_n the_o four_o electour_n and_o count_n palatine_n of_o the_o rhiin_n choose_a king_n of_o bohemia_n against_o the_o emperor_n ferdinand_n the_o second_o who_o wife_n be_v the_o most_o illustrious_a princess_n elizabeth_n sister_n to_o his_o majesty_n charles_n king_n of_o great_a britain_n the_o langrave-ship_n of_o elsat_n this_o take_v habspurgicis_fw-la the_o name_n from_o the_o river_n ill_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o country_n the_o state_n be_v begin_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n otho_n the_o three_o the_o first_o landgrave_n after_o irenicus_n be_v one_o theodoric_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n frederique_n the_o second_o the_o male_a succession_n of_o these_o lantgraves_n fail_v by_o mean_n of_o daughter_n it_o become_v divide_v betwixt_o albert_n the_o second_o earl_n of_o habspurg_n albert_n earl_n of_o hohenburg_n &_o lewis_n earl_n of_o ottingen_n the_o earl_n of_o hohenburg_n short_o after_o upon_o the_o marriage_n of_o anne_n his_o daughter_n unto_o rodulph_n afterward_o emperor_n son_n to_o albert_n the_o second_o earl_n of_o habspurg_n surrender_v his_o part_n unto_o that_o family_n by_o this_o mean_v the_o house_n of_o habspurg_n afterward_o of_o austria_n become_v seize_v of_o two_o part_n hereof_o contain_v now_o the_o upper_a elsat_n the_o free_a city_n except_v the_o rest_n comprehend_v at_o this_o day_n the_o low_a elsat_n the_o earl_n of_o ottingen_n sell_v unto_o the_o bishop_n of_o strasburg_n who_o successor_n now_o hold_v the_o same_o usurp_v the_o title_n of_o lant-grave_n of_o elsat_n the_o
in_o any_o his_o foreign_a attempt_n the_o prosperous_a success_n whereof_o will_v but_o advance_v his_o greatness_n and_o the_o more_o enable_v he_o to_o usurp_v upon_o their_o privilege_n a_o second_o be_v betwixt_o the_o free_a city_n and_o the_o prince_n these_o attempt_v to_o enthrall_v and_o make_v subject_a the_o city_n unto_o their_o tyranny_n the_o other_o again_o to_o preserve_v their_o liberty_n and_o as_o it_o happen_v among_o the_o swisser_n by_o their_o aide_n and_o confederacy_n to_o set_v free_a the_o subject_n of_o the_o prince_n and_o to_o join_v they_o unto_o their_o union_n of_o all_o other_o for_o this_o reason_n the_o most_o abhor_v foreign_a war_n and_o enmity_n which_o can_v not_o but_o hinder_v their_o commerce_n and_o trade_n and_o for_o that_o the_o victory_n and_o conquest_n gain_v can_v not_o any_o wise_a profit_n they_o and_o but_o turn_n unto_o their_o prejudice_n fall_v to_o the_o share_n of_o the_o prince_n or_o of_o the_o emperor_n of_o both_o who_o power_n they_o stand_v a_o like_a jealous_a a_o three_o faction_n be_v that_o of_o religion_n betwixt_o the_o protestant_n and_o papist_n the_o most_o hurtful_a and_o prejudicial_a of_o all_o the_o rest_n each_o side_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o mutual_a rancour_n and_o jealousy_n deny_v all_o aid_n against_o any_o prince_n or_o state_n of_o their_o own_o profession_n but_o rather_o to_o the_o contrary_a in_o what_o they_o be_v able_a further_a their_o cause_n upon_o who_o general_n further_a growth_n and_o prosperity_n countenance_n and_o good_a intelligence_n they_o especial_o depend_v and_o stand_v by_o these_o disunion_n and_o imperfection_n the_o power_n and_o credit_v hereof_o have_v irrecoverable_o decline_v unto_o our_o time_n each_o border_a nation_n presumptuous_o nibble_v hereat_o and_o still_o lop_n off_o some_o country_n or_o town_n herefrom_o when_o like_a to_o some_o great_a natural_a body_n encumber_v with_o sickness_n &_o infirmity_n it_o can_v not_o any_o wise_a stir_n &_o help_v itself_o where_o to_o the_o contrary_a if_o these_o disease_n and_o lament_n be_v not_o and_o that_o the_o whole_a as_o sometime_o it_o be_v be_v unite_v into_o one_o perfect_a monarchy_n for_o the_o sundry_a advantage_n it_o have_v it_o will_v doubtless_o bear_v great_a sway_n in_o the_o christian_a commonwealth_n if_o not_o endanger_v the_o sovereignty_n and_o dominion_n thereof_o the_o country_n account_v only_o what_o be_v yet_o subject_a to_o the_o empire_n for_o it_o have_v be_v otherwise_o of_o late_a year_n further_o extend_v comprehend_v at_o this_o day_n some_o forty_o general_n or_o great_a name_n and_o division_n of_o savoy_n the_o free_a county_n of_o burgundy_n lorraine_n the_o district_n of_o trier_n the_o bishopric_n of_o luick_n the_o land_n of_o gulicke_n cleveland_n the_o diocese_n of_o colen_n the_o low_a palatinate_n elsatz_n sungow_n schwahen_n bavaria_n the_o bishopric_n of_o saltzburg_n tirol_n karnten_n krain_n steirmarcke_n austria_n bohemia_n moravia_n schlesi_n lausnitz_n franconia_n hessen_n duringen_n meisen_n ober_n sachsen_n the_o earldom_n of_o mansfield_n and_o the_o country_n of_o brandenburg_n pomeren_n mecklenburg_n holstein_n bremen_n lunenburg_n brunswijck_n meydenburg_n freislandt_n and_o westphalen_n who_o description_n succeed_v in_o their_o order_n after_o that_o first_o following_z mywonted_a method_n i_o have_v present_v unto_o your_o view_n the_o many_o succession_n &_o change_n of_o estate_n people_n and_o name_n which_o have_v happen_v here_o unto_o our_o time_n beginning_n and_o occasion_v the_o present_a name_n state_n and_o division_n of_o the_o state_n of_o europe_n the_o xii_o book_n contain_v the_o description_n of_o the_o more_o great_a and_o famous_a mountain_n wood_n and_o river_n of_o germany_n their_o ancient_n and_o present_a name_n the_o country_n compose_v ancient_o the_o modern_a germany_n the_o description_n of_o the_o province_n of_o rhaetia_n noricum_n and_o pannonia_n out_o of_o ptolemy_n pliny_n strabo_n and_o other_o their_o subjection_n and_o estate_n under_o the_o roman_n their_o conquest_n and_o plantation_n by_o the_o almain_n and_o boioarians_n and_o unite_n to_o the_o language_n and_o name_n of_o germany_n the_o description_n of_o the_o ancient_a and_o more_o proper_a germany_n out_o of_o tacitus_n ptolemy_n strabo_n and_o the_o rest_n the_o many_o different_a and_o uncertain_a interpretation_n of_o the_o first_o people_n or_o inhabitant_n hereof_o with_o the_o reason_n the_o savagenes_n liberty_n and_o undaunted_a fierceness_n of_o the_o ancient_a german_n the_o number_n of_o roman_a legion_n attend_v their_o motion_n and_o guard_v against_o they_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o river_n rhijn_n and_o danow_n the_o history_n seat_n and_o conquest_n of_o the_o saxon_n french_a almain_n thuringian_o boioarians_n huns_n longobard_n avares_n hungarian_n dane_n norvegian_o suiones_n or_o suethidi_n and_o sclave_n with_o the_o kingdom_n and_o state_n issue_v from_o they_o the_o beginning_n and_o fortune_n of_o the_o kingdom_n of_o germany_n danemarke_n norwey_n bohemia_n bavaria_n poland_n and_o hungary_n the_o dukedom_n of_o saxony_n brunswijck_n lunenburg_n holstein_n bergen_n westphalen_n schwaben_n wirtenberg_n zeringen_n franconia_n bavaria_n austria_n steirmarcke_n karnten_n pomeren_n mecklenburg_n and_o schlesi_n the_o marquisates_n of_o brandenburg_n meisen_n marheren_n and_o baden_n the_o lantgraveship_n of_o duringen_n and_o hessen_v and_o of_o the_o earldom_n of_o habspurg_n friburg_n pfirt_n or_o sungow_n and_o tirol_n the_o present_a extent_n name_n and_o account_v of_o germany_n cause_v by_o so_o many_o succession_n and_o change_n the_o mountain_n of_o germany_n the_o landmark_n whereof_o we_o shall_v have_v occasion_n to_o make_v use_n in_o the_o relation_n follow_v be_v the_o mountain_n river_n and_o wood_n hereof_o the_o mountain_n of_o which_o we_o find_v mention_n in_o ancient_a author_n be_v the_o alps_n abnobi_n sudetae_n melibocus_n coecius_fw-la and_o of_o the_o sarmatae_n the_o alps_n 20._o the_o name_n hereof_o festus_n fest._n derive_v from_o their_o whiteness_n call_v thus_o from_o their_o snowy_a top_n hispal_a isidore_n from_o the_o word_n alpas_n signify_v with_o the_o ancient_a gaul_n a_o mountain_n they_o contain_v all_o that_o long_a ridge_n of_o hill_n wherewith_o as_o with_o a_o wall_n italy_n be_v encompass_v and_o divide_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o europe_n begin_v at_o the_o sea_n mediterranean_n and_o the_o river_n varo_fw-mi and_o extend_v betwixt_o that_o province_n and_o the_o main_a land_n of_o germany_n and_o france_n unto_o the_o country_n of_o istria_n and_o the_o river_n arsia_n fall_v into_o the_o sea_n adriatic_a at_o the_o gulf_n cornero_n where_o the_o most_o part_n of_o author_n do_v end_v the_o same_o they_o be_v distinguish_v into_o divers_a name_n for_o their_o large_a extent_n and_o their_o sundry_a famous_a passage_n of_o the_o alps_n maritimae_n coctiae_n graiae_n poeninae_n lepontia_n rheticae_fw-la juliae_fw-la and_o carnicae_n the_o alps_n maritimae_n antonini_n these_o border_v upon_o the_o sea_n mediterranean_n from_o whence_o come_v their_o surname_n they_o sever_v ancient_o gaul_n narbonensis_n from_o liguria_n now_o provence_n from_o the_o country_n of_o genoa_n they_o be_v otherwise_o call_v the_o ligurian_a ligusticae_fw-la alps_n for_o that_o they_o be_v neighbour_v upon_o and_o inhabit_v by_o the_o people_n of_o the_o ligures_n their_o more_o note_a top_n be_v the_o mountain_n 4._o acema_n now_o monte_fw-fr camelione_n out_o of_o which_o the_o river_n varo_n spring_v coctiae_fw-la imperatore_n they_o lie_v next_o unto_o the_o maritimae_n so_o name_v from_o coctius_n constantio_n king_n of_o the_o allobroges_n they_o contain_v the_o tract_n of_o the_o alps_n betwixt_o piedmonte_n and_o dauphin_n and_o savoy_n the_o more_o note_a part_n hereof_o be_v mons_fw-la 16._o vesulus_n now_o viso_fw-la whence_o do_v issue_n out_o the_o great_a river_n of_o the_o po_n and_o durance_n in_o france_n mont_fw-fr genebre_fw-la near_o briançon_n in_o daulphinye_a where_o hannibal_n by_o acciaolus_fw-la hannibalis_n be_v think_v to_o have_v pass_v over_o now_o the_o ordinary_a way_n betwixt_o piedmonte_n and_o daulphinie_n and_o mont_n s._n denis_n otherwise_o now_o call_v mont_n cenis_n and_o by_o the_o italian_n strada_n romanae_fw-la for_o that_o it_o be_v the_o ordinary_a road_n betwixt_o rome_n and_o france_n by_o the_o way_n of_o lunebourg_n and_o susa._n graiae_n geograph_n they_o follow_v the_o alps_n coctiae_n thus_o most_o probable_o name_v from_o hercules_n and_o his_o grecian_a follower_n report_v by_o pliny_n 17._o sometime_o to_o have_v this_o way_n pass_v over_o those_o mountain_n they_o be_v the_o part_n lie_v betwixt_o the_o town_n and_o country_n of_o tarantaise_n in_o savoy_n and_o the_o valley_n of_o augsta_n in_o italy_n their_o more_o famous_a top_n be_v the_o lesser_a saint_n t_o bernard_n and_o the_o mountain_n gales_n otherwise_o call_v the_o great_a cine_n whereof_o this_o be_v the_o direct_a way_n betwixt_o tarantaise_n and_o ougstal_n or_o the_o valley_n of_o augsta_n paeninae_n 1._o these_o succeed_v unto_o the_o alps_n
brabant_n otho_n and_o john_n lantgrave_v of_o hessen_n son_n to_o henry_n surname_v the_o infant_n henry_n and_o lewes_n lantgrave_v of_o hessen_n son_n to_o otho_n herman_n landgrave_n of_o hessen_n son_n to_o lewis_n lewis_n surname_v the_o mild_a landgrave_n of_o hessen_n son_n to_o herman_n he_o add_v to_o the_o house_n of_o the_o lantgrave_v the_o earldom_n of_o zigenheim_n and_o nidda_n henry_n and_o lewes_n lantgrave_v of_o hessen_n son_n to_o lewes_n the_o mild_a this_o henry_n become_v likewise_o earl_n of_o catzenelbogen_n have_v marry_v anne_n daughter_n unto_o philip_n the_o last_o earl_n william_n the_o elder_a and_o william_n surname_v the_o middle_a lantgrave_v of_o hessen_n son_n to_o lewes_n distinguish_v thus_o from_o william_n surname_v the_o young_a son_n to_o their_o uncle_n henry_n philip_n landgrave_n of_o hessen_n and_o sole_a heir_n of_o the_o house_n son_n to_o william_n surname_v the_o middle_a famous_a in_o the_o protestant_a war_n detain_v prisoner_n by_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o free_v by_o maurice_n duke_n electour_n of_o saxony_n he_o last_o add_v to_o his_o house_n the_o earldom_n of_o catzenelbogen_a former_o adjudge_v by_o the_o emperor_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o nassau_n give_v unto_o the_o earl_n for_o composition_n six_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n and_o the_o earldom_n of_o dietz_n reserve_v notwithstanding_o the_o title_n william_n lewes_n philip_n and_o george_n lantgrave_v of_o hessen_n son_n to_o philip._n maurice_n son_n to_o william_n and_o lewes_n of_o darmstadt_n sonto_fw-it george_n lantgrave_v of_o hessen_n at_o this_o present_a the_o boioarians_n recentiorum_fw-la to_o find_v boijs_fw-la out_o the_o original_n of_o this_o nation_n we_o be_v first_o brief_o to_o set_v down_o the_o ancient_a seat_n progress_n flitting_n &_o story_n of_o the_o boij_n from_o who_o the_o best_a author_n derive_v if_o not_o their_o descent_n yet_o their_o name_n the_o boij_n to_o let_v pass_v the_o dream_n of_o lazius_n and_o aventinus_n draw_v they_o i_o know_v not_o by_o what_o way_n from_o asia_n and_o the_o armenian_n be_v a_o people_n of_o the_o gaul_n beyond_o the_o alps_n pliny_n in_o the_o four_o book_n of_o his_o natural_a history_n and_o 19_o chapter_n make_v mention_n of_o a_o people_n of_o this_o name_n inhabit_v in_o his_o time_n part_n of_o gaul_n lugdunensis_n contain_v after_o modern_a interpreter_n the_o country_n now_o call_v burbonois_n but_o whether_o these_o be_v some_o left_a remainder_n of_o the_o first_o boij_n it_o be_v uncertain_a it_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o they_o be_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o boij_n follow_v the_o helvetian_o in_o their_o war_n against_o caesar_n and_o the_o roman_n &_o after_o their_o overthrow_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o hedui_n place_v in_o their_o country_n in_o that_o great_a disbourdment_n of_o the_o gaul_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o ambigatus_n king_n of_o the_o celtae_n and_o of_o tarqvinius_n priscus_n king_n of_o rome_n these_o first_o boij_fw-la among_o other_o people_n follow_v bellovesus_n into_o italy_n seat_v themselves_o betwixt_o the_o mountain_n apennine_n and_o the_o river_n po_n where_o for_o many_o hundred_o year_n they_o continue_v famous_a for_o their_o sundry_a battle_n fight_v with_o the_o roman_n although_o most_o common_o with_o their_o loss_n in_o the_o 21._o book_n of_o livy_n and_o towards_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n we_o hear_v of_o they_o rebel_a against_o and_o invade_v the_o roman_a country_n about_o mutina_n in_o the_o 32_o book_n themselves_o invade_v and_o scatter_v by_o the_o consul_n minutius_n in_o the_o 33_o book_n under_o their_o king_n corolamus_n kill_v 3_o thousand_o of_o the_o army_n of_o the_o consul_n marcellus_n subdue_v short_o after_o by_o the_o same_o consul_n and_o by_o his_o colleague_n l._n furius_n purpureo_n in_o the_o 35_o book_n slay_v in_o a_o great_a battle_n at_o mutina_n by_o l._n cornelius_n merula_n to_o the_o number_n of_o 14._o thousand_o in_o the_o 36._o book_n in_o a_o other_o great_a fight_n overcome_v and_o slay_v by_o p._n cornelius_n scipio_n nasica_n according_a to_o valerius_n antias_n his_o computation_n herein_o to_o above_o 32_o thousand_o whole_o submit_v themselves_o after_o this_o overthrow_n unto_o the_o mercy_n of_o this_o enemy_n and_o amercy_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o half_a their_o country_n after_o this_o their_o memory_n in_o italy_n languish_v and_o die_v drive_v from_o hence_o after_o strabo_n in_o his_o 5._o book_n beyond_o the_o alps_n among_o the_o taurisci_n and_o towards_o the_o danow_n but_o without_o set_v down_o the_o express_a time_n of_o their_o flit_a most_o probable_o this_o happen_v betwixt_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n about_o which_o time_n fall_v out_o these_o their_o affair_n with_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o war_n of_o the_o cimbri_n who_o in_o the_o 7._o book_n of_o the_o same_o author_n we_o read_v in_o their_o passage_n towards_o italy_n set_v upon_o the_o boij_n then_o inhabit_v the_o wood_n hercynian_n and_o to_o have_v be_v repulse_v by_o they_o from_o these_o scatter_a troop_n of_o the_o boij_n we_o find_v four_o several_a colony_n thus_o name_v to_o have_v descend_v inhabit_v within_o the_o great_a germany_n or_o the_o neighbour_a part_n thereunto_o if_o not_o rather_o all_o these_o be_v but_o one_o company_n by_o mean_n of_o their_o sundry_a misfortune_n and_o flitting_n seem_v diverse_a 1._o the_o boij_n mention_v by_o caesar_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n of_o gaul_n seat_v among_o the_o norici_n and_o join_v with_o the_o helvetian_o in_o their_o war_n against_o caesar_n after_o their_o overthrow_n plant_v by_o he_o in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o hedui_n at_o the_o entreaty_n hereof_o 2._o the_o boij_n mention_v by_o strabo_n in_o his_o 5._o book_n dwell_v among_o the_o taurisci_n and_o utter_o extirpate_v by_o the_o daci_n 3._o the_o boij_n mention_v by_o strabo_n in_o his_o 7._o book_n but_o without_o name_v their_o place_n consume_v and_o root_v out_o by_o baeribista_n king_n of_o the_o getae_n who_o left_a country_n most_o likely_a be_v that_o deserta_fw-la boiorum_fw-la regio_fw-la of_o pliny_n in_o the_o 3._o book_n of_o his_o natural_a history_n 4._o and_o the_o boij_n mention_v by_o tacitus_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr germanorun_n moribus_fw-la germanorum_n dwell_v beyond_o the_o wood_n hercynian_n drive_v out_o &_o succeed_v unto_o by_o the_o marcomanni_n leave_v notwithstanding_o their_o name_n unto_o their_o left_a seat_n call_v from_o hence_o by_o tacitus_n boiemum_n by_o 2._o paterculus_n boïohaemum_n and_o at_o this_o day_n bohemia_n from_o these_o last_o boij_fw-la or_o rather_o from_o the_o marcomanni_n inhabit_v their_o left_a room_n beatus_fw-la rhenanus_fw-la conjecture_v the_o name_n secundam_fw-la and_o nation_n of_o the_o boioarians_n to_o have_v descend_v from_o their_o country_n boiemum_n of_o tacitus_n name_v by_o ptolemy_n the_o baemi_n afterward_o by_o long_a corruption_n not_o unprobable_o the_o boioarij_fw-la in_o the_o wain_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o the_o general_a flitting_n of_o the_o barbarous_a nation_n remove_v more_o never_o towards_o the_o danow_n and_o the_o roman_a frontier_n among_o the_o narisci_n and_o hermunduri_n consent_v and_o join_v with_o they_o in_o their_o common_a name_n the_o first_o express_v name_n of_o the_o boioarij_fw-la we_o find_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o clovys_n the_o great_a king_n of_o the_o french_a in_o gregory_n de_fw-fr tours_n aymonius_n vrspergensis_n with_o other_o french_a and_o dutch_a author_n for_o more_o ancient_a authority_n we_o have_v not_o under_o their_o king_n adalgerio_n aid_v the_o almain_n in_o that_o their_o great_a battle_n at_o tolbiacum_n against_o the_o frenchman_n partaker_n of_o their_o overthrow_n and_o french_a subjection_n their_o seat_n then_o be_v that_o of_o the_o hermunduri_n and_o norisci_n before_o mention_v inhabit_v altogether_o beyond_o the_o danow_n and_o contain_v now_o the_o country_n call_v nortgow_n or_o the_o upper_a palatinat_n with_o voitlandt_n theodo_n son_n to_o adalgerio_n their_o first_o duke_n about_o the_o year_n 508_o and_o the_o 17._o year_n of_o anastasius_n emperor_n of_o the_o east_n pass_v over_o the_o river_n danow_n by_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o frenchman_n and_o the_o association_n of_o sundry_a other_o barbarous_a people_n take_v in_o the_o second_o rhaetia_n or_o vindilicia_n with_o part_n of_o noricum_n subdue_a and_o drive_v out_o the_o roman_n &_o extend_v by_o this_o mean_v their_o dominion_n and_o the_o dutch_a name_n and_o language_n as_o far_o as_o the_o alps_n and_o italy_n confine_v upon_o the_o south_n with_o gaul_n cisalpine_a possess_v then_o by_o the_o ostrogothe_n upon_o the_o west_n with_o the_o river_n lech_n and_o the_o almain_n upon_o the_o east_n with_o the_o river_n ens_fw-la and_o the_o avares_n and_o upon_o the_o north_n with_o the_o sorabi_n or_o the_o sclave_n inhabit_v meisen_n they_o comprehend_v now_o beside_o nortgow_n
rhijn_n king_n of_o denmarck_n norwey_n and_o swethen_n son_n to_o margaret_n sister_n to_o eric_n aforesaid_a he_o decease_v without_o issue_n charles_n son_n to_o canutus_n a_o knight_n of_o the_o country_n elect_a king_n of_o sweathland_n after_o christopher_n the_o dane_n exclude_v christiern_n the_o first_o king_n of_o denmarck_n norwey_n and_o swethen_n charles_n be_v drive_v out_o charles_n king_n of_o swethen_n restore_v the_o second_o time_n christiern_n the_o first_o king_n of_o denmarck_n be_v again_o exclude_v after_o the_o decease_n of_o charles_n steno_n a_o nobleman_n of_o the_o country_n govern_v the_o affair_n of_o the_o realm_n during_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o time_n of_o christiern_n the_o first_o john_n king_n of_o denmarck_n norwey_n and_o swethen_n son_n to_o christian_n the_o first_o about_o the_o year_n 1448_o admit_v by_o steno_n and_o the_o sweathlander_n press_v with_o the_o war_n of_o the_o russes_z christian_n the_o second_o son_n to_o john_n king_n of_o denmarck_n norwey_n and_o swethen_n by_o arm_n and_o the_o right_n of_o his_o ancestor_n he_o afterward_o lose_v all_o the_o three_o kingdom_n drive_v out_o in_o regard_n of_o his_o tyranny_n and_o cruelty_n gustave_v son_n to_o eric_n a_o noble_a man_n of_o the_o country_n give_v by_o the_o sweathlander_n among_o the_o pledge_n for_o their_o fidelity_n to_o christiern_n the_o second_o upon_o the_o fame_n of_o christiernes_n &_o the_o danish_a tyranny_n make_v a_o escape_n out_o of_o prison_n expulse_v that_o enemy_n and_o elect_a king_n of_o sweathland_n since_o this_o time_n the_o sweathlander_n free_a from_o the_o danish_a servitude_n have_v be_v still_o command_v by_o prince_n of_o their_o own_o nation_n eric_n elder_a son_n to_o gustave_v depose_v upon_o pretence_n of_o tyranny_n and_o misgovern_v the_o state_n succeed_v unto_o by_o his_o brother_n john_n duke_n of_o finlandt_n john_n duke_n of_o finlandt_n son_n to_o gustave_v the_o first_o and_o brother_n to_o king_n eric_n he_o marry_v unto_o catharine_n daughter_n to_o sigismond_n the_o first_o &_o sister_n to_o sigismond_n the_o second_o king_n of_o poland_n sigismond_n son_n to_o john_n and_o catharine_n aforesaid_a before_o the_o decease_n of_o his_o father_n elect_a king_n of_o poland_n afterwards_o of_o swethen_n upon_o the_o cause_n of_o his_o different_a religion_n and_o the_o pretence_n of_o his_o breach_n of_o covenant_n with_o the_o people_n exclude_v and_o depose_v by_o his_o factious_a nobility_n succeed_v unto_o by_o his_o uncle_n charles_n charles_n duke_n of_o suderman_n uncle_n unto_o sigismond_n the_o three_o king_n of_o poland_n and_o young_a son_n to_o gustave_v the_o first_o during_o the_o absence_n and_o war_n of_o sigismond_n and_o the_o polonian_n create_v administratour_n and_o governor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n afterwards_o in_o the_o year_n 1608_o elect_v and_o crown_v king_n of_o sweathland_n gustave_n the_o second_o son_n to_o charles_n king_n of_o sweathland_n now_o reign_v the_o norvegian_o whether_o these_o be_v call_v thus_o from_o the_o country_n of_o norwey_n or_o the_o country_n from_o they_o it_o be_v uncertain_a we_o have_v not_o yet_o read_v either_o name_n in_o any_o ancient_a author_n both_o seem_v more_o late_o to_o have_v be_v give_v from_o their_o northern_a situation_n the_o kingdom_n of_o norwey_n the_o country_n by_o aymonius_n be_v sometime_o otherwise_o name_v westerfold_v a_o part_n then_o of_o the_o danish_a kingdom_n for_o thus_o it_o appear_v by_o his_o description_n hereof_o in_o his_o four_o book_n and_o 101._o chapter_n situate_v then_o to_o the_o west_n and_o north_n and_o thwart_v the_o extreme_a point_n of_o the_o island_n of_o great_a britain_n it_o afterwards_o become_v a_o distinct_a kingdom_n by_o mean_n of_o the_o marriage_n of_o haquin_n the_o last_o prince_n unto_o margaret_n queen_n of_o denmarcke_n it_o become_v annex_v to_o the_o house_n of_o denmarcke_n where_o it_o have_v ever_o since_o continue_v after_o this_o manner_n the_o name_n of_o germany_n be_v become_v at_o this_o day_n enlarge_v beyond_o the_o ancient_a over_o the_o province_n of_o rhaetia_n and_o noricum_n with_o part_n of_o gaul_n &_o pannonia_n as_o on_o the_o other_o side_n extend_v sometime_o unto_o the_o river_n wixel_n &_o the_o freeze_a sea_n be_v since_o become_v straighten_a within_o the_o eydore_n the_o sea_n baltic_a and_o the_o confine_n of_o the_o polonian_n the_o ancient_a then_o comprehend_v without_o the_o account_n of_o the_o modern_a the_o kingdom_n of_o denmark_n norwey_n and_o swethen_n with_o the_o great_a part_n of_o poland_n and_o the_o modern_a now_o contain_v lie_v without_o the_o limit_n and_o account_n of_o the_o ancient_a the_o country_n of_o seirmarck_n karnten_n krain_n and_o tirol_n the_o part_n of_o austria_n bavaria_n and_o schwaben_n without_o the_o river_n danow_n and_o of_o france_n betwixt_o the_o river_n rhijn_n the_o mouse_n and_o the_o soasne_n the_o whole_a now_o account_v germany_n speak_v dutch_n or_o subject_n to_o the_o soverainety_n hereof_o may_v be_v divide_v into_o three_o different_a state_n 1._o the_o province_n of_o the_o low_a country_n 2._o the_o confederacy_n of_o the_o swisser_n 3._o and_o the_o empire_n or_o kingdom_n of_o the_o german_n the_o present_a subject_n of_o this_o discourse_n the_o original_n of_o the_o many_o particular_a state_n we_o have_v now_o relate_v there_o remain_v the_o general_a state_n or_o kingdom_n whereof_o the_o other_o be_v part_n and_o subordinate_a the_o kingdom_n of_o germany_n this_o be_v otherwise_o call_v the_o empire_n in_o regard_n of_o the_o residence_n therein_o of_o the_o imperial_a roman_a majesty_n italy_n be_v subdue_v by_o odoacer_n and_o the_o heruli_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o roman_a province_n of_o the_o west_n by_o other_o barbarous_a nation_n about_o the_o year_n 475_o leave_v of_o by_o augustulus_n after_o a_o interregnum_fw-la of_o 326_o year_n resume_v again_o by_o charles_n the_o great_a king_n of_o the_o frenchman_n and_o by_o succession_n herefrom_o the_o french_a dominion_n be_v divide_v afterward_o in_o the_o year_n 880_o derive_v upon_o charles_n surname_v the_o fat_a king_n of_o germany_n maintain_v ever_o since_o in_o the_o prince_n hereof_o the_o country_n after_o that_o it_o become_v subject_a to_o the_o frenchman_n be_v for_o a_o long_a time_n a_o part_n of_o their_o kingdom_n of_o austrasia_n after_o the_o policy_n of_o those_o time_n divide_v into_o 4_o main_a province_n or_o dukedom_n of_o franconia_n saxony_n almaigne_n and_o bavaria_n the_o part_n lie_v now_o beyond_o the_o river_n of_o the_o elb_n and_o saltza_n and_o possess_v then_o by_o the_o many_o nation_n of_o the_o sclave_n not_o be_v add_v until_o afterward_o about_o the_o year_n 841_o in_o the_o person_n of_o lewis_n surname_v the_o ancient_a son_n to_o the_o emperor_n lewis_n surname_v the_o godly_a the_o french_a empire_n be_v then_o share_v among_o the_o many_o son_n hereof_o it_o be_v first_o make_v a_o distinct_a kingdom_n in_o which_o title_n the_o prince_n have_v still_o enjoy_v it_o their_o name_n of_o emperor_n have_v be_v since_o add_v unto_o they_o only_o as_o they_o be_v sovereign_a lord_n of_o rome_n and_o italy_n successor_n to_o charles_n the_o great_a and_o the_o french_a the_o kingdom_n contain_v only_o at_o the_o time_n of_o its_o first_o erection_n the_o part_n now_o bound_v in_o with_o the_o mountain_n of_o bohemia_n the_o alps_n the_o german_a ocean_n and_o the_o river_n of_o the_o rhijn_n eydore_n elb_n and_o saltza_n include_v pannonia_n a_o part_n then_o of_o bavaria_n afterward_o take_v herefrom_o by_o the_o hungarian_n by_o the_o emperor_n otho_n the_o three_o and_o conrade_z the_o second_o the_o part_n lie_v in_o gaul_n betwixt_o the_o river_n of_o the_o rhijn_n the_o soasne_n and_o the_o mouse_n be_v add_v the_o manner_n we_o have_v show_v in_o france_n by_o henry_n the_o first_o and_o the_o succeed_a emperor_n unto_o frederick_n barbarossa_n and_o by_o the_o arm_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o saxony_n and_o the_o marquess_n of_o brandenburg_n be_v add_v the_o part_n beyond_o the_o river_n saltza_n and_o elb_n contain_v now_o mecklenburg_n lawenburg_n pomeren_n meisen_n lausnitz_n and_o the_o middle_a and_o new_a march_n of_o brandenburg_n hold_v under_o the_o right_a hereof_o the_o order_n of_o the_o king_n of_o germany_n follow_v lewis_n before_o mention_v surname_v the_o ancient_n second_o son_n to_o the_o emperor_n lewis_n the_o godly_a first_o king_n of_o germany_n who_o portion_n it_o be_v in_o the_o division_n of_o the_o french_a monarchy_n betwixt_o he_o and_o his_o other_o brethren_n lotharius_n and_o charles_n the_o bald._n carloman_n lewis_n and_o charles_n surname_v the_o fat_a king_n of_o germany_n son_n to_o lewis_n the_o ancient_n charles_n the_o fat_a sole_a king_n of_o germany_n his_o two_o brother_n lewis_n and_o carloman_n decease_a without_o heir_n or_o lawful_a the_o male_a issue_n of_o his_o uncle_n the_o emperor_n lotharius_n fail_v