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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A03069	Foure bookes of husbandry, collected by M. Conradus Heresbachius, counseller to the hygh and mighty prince, the Duke of Cleue: conteyning the whole arte and trade of husbandry, vvith the antiquitie, and commendation thereof. Nevvely Englished, and increased, by Barnabe Googe, Esquire; Rei rusticae libri quatuor. English	Heresbach, Conrad, 1496-1576.; Googe, Barnabe, 1540-1594.	1577 (1577)	STC 13196; ESTC S103974	336,239	412

man So I with Virgil doo commend great possessions but had rather occupie litle Therefore looke not to see here the house of Lucullus or Hyrcius which is reported to be solde for 4000000. HS. Suche stately dwellinges and marble floores as Cicero sayth I despise RIGO Notwithstandyng here is all thinges faire and as it appeareth commodiously buylt CONO For my part I build my house as they say according to my purse agreeable to my calling and to my liuing I wyl shewe you in order howe I haue cast it folowyng the aduise of Iscomachus in Xenophon whom Cicero doth greatly commend And fyrst the seate of my house hath mooued me to builde it after this sort Cato would haue a man long in determination to builde but to plant and sowe out of hand Our fathers herebefore obserued the same and seemed to folowe the counsell of Cato and Columella with whom agreeth also Plinie that the owner build his house in good order so as neither the house be to great for the lande nor the lande to muche for the house And herein it is written that L. Lucullus and Qu. Scaeuola were both to blame for one of them had a greater house then was answearable to his liuing the other which was Scaeuola built a smaller house then his liuyng required where both are vnprofitable to the maister For the great ruinous house not onely is more chargeable in buildyng but also asketh greater cost in the maintayning Againe if the house be to litle it wyl be a destruction and losse of your Corne fruite therefore is it greatly to purpose in what sort we build and ordeyne our house Cato would haue the house so seated as the ayre be good about it and yf it may be placed at the bottome of a hill looking directly South and in a holsome corner Varros mind is to haue it placed towarde the East that it may haue the shadowe in Sommer and the Sunne in Winter with whom Columella agreeth saying that yf habilitie serue the seate is to be wyshed in a holsome place for Cato as shal hereafter be shewed would haue healthy standing cheefely regarded with a fruitefull moulde some part of it champion some hilly lying East or South well watred and woodded and standing not farre of from some hauen or nauigable riuer to the end he may cary and transport such thinges as him listeth Cornelius Tacitus writeth that the Germanes were woont to build their houses as the Hyll the Riuer the Wood or the Lake would best suffer them RIGO Hereof I thinke sprang at the fyrst so many surnames as are at this day deriued from Mountaynes Riuers Lakes and Wooddes CONO It may be yet others doo counsayle in no case to set your house neere a Marshe or a great Riuer for the Fennes and Marshes in the heate of the yeere doo send foorth pestilent and deadly dampes and a great number of venemous Creatures which dying for lacke of their olde moystoure infecteth the ayre and breedeth sundry and strange diseases Homer affyrmeth very truely that the ayre whiche in the mornyng commeth from the Riuer is very vnholsome and daungerous and therefore yf the house must needes be built neere a Riuer they would haue suche heede taken as the Riuer rather stande on the backside of the house then before it and that the frunt of the house be turned from the hurtfull and vnholsome wyndes and placed towardes the healthiest quarters Sins all waters commonly with dampishe vapours in Sommer and stincking colde mystes in Winter except they be well purged with holsome Windes doo infect both man and beast with pestilence best is it therefore in good and healthy places to set the house toward the East or the South and in suspected ayres to place them agaynst the North. From the Sea it is good to be as farre as may be because the windes that blowe from the Sea are vnholsome and the space lying betwixt you and it yeeldes alwayes a lothsome ayre You must beware besides that you see not your house by any great hie way least you be molested with passingers and troubled often tymes with more ghestes then you would haue RIGO As farre as I remember the olde felowes dyd measure the goodnesse of their dwelling by the qualities of their neyghbours CONO You say very well in deede I had almost forgotten it a frowarde knaue to a mans neyghbour is not one of the least mischiefes as shal be sayde in the end of this booke I haue knowen sundry good men desyrous of quietnesse that haue forsaken good dwellinges rather then they would abyde the iniuries and troubles of suche companions wherfore Hesiodus had some reason in saying 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 As great a mischeefe is a frovvard knaue As is the ioy a neighbour good to haue But you maruayle what I meane by suche a long preamble surely I am the longer in this matter because you should vnderstand the reason of building of my house For whereas there are sundry purposes of building and some build for pleasure some for wantonnesse and some for necessitie I thought it good to resyte the mindes of the olde wryters concerning the building of a house And when as euerie one will not suffer suche curiositie as they require in the placing of a house some building vpon Riuers some without or within the Marshe walles who can not shunne the neighbourhood of the Riuer or the Sea some in Lakes some in Wooddes and some building vpon mountaynes are driuen to supply the defect of nature with arte industrie I mee selfe syth I can by no meanes auoyde the neerenesse of the Riuer do seeke as much as in mee lyes to turne away the discomodities and because I feele the discomoditie of the rysing of the flooddes I haue set my house in this place without the bankes and mounted it as hie as I could and least the rage of the water and force of the yce should beare it away I haue planted round about it great trees and that I might shun the dampes of the ground and the blastes of vnholsome windes I haue turned my doores and my windowes to the holsomest quarters RIGO Surely eyther you or your auncestours haue both commodiously handsomely placed this house for the front is double one part looking towards the East the other towards the South and so built with Galeries and Gables as it both receiueth the Sunne in Winter and the shadowe in Sommer besides you haue a fayre Porche as you enter in that keepeth away the wind and the rayne from the doore CONO All the one side if you marke it where the front is lyeth South receyuyng from the fyrst corner the rising of the Sunne in Winter declining somewhat from the West wherby it is warme in Winter and not troubled with ouer great heate in Sommer for this kinde of building hath an equall medlie of the Winter windes and Sommer windes so that it receiueth the coole windes

them and sowe them so shall you haue them very pleasant They wyll haue a very sweete sauour yf theyr seedes be kept many dayes among Rose leaues Your Coucumbers shal be long and tender yf you see vnder them water in a brode vessel two handfulles vnder them They delight in water so much as yf they be cut of they wil yet bend towarde it and yf they hang or haue any stay they wyll grow crooked as also yf you set oyle by them which they greatly abhorre The flowres being suffered to growe in Pipes doo growe to a woonderfull length They loue not the Winter no more then dooth the Gourde wherevnto they are almost like in nature for the flowres the leaues and the claspers are lyke of them both but the Gourde is more busie in climing so that with hastie growth it spreadeth quickly ouer the Herbers and sommer houses runnyng vp by the walles and mountyng vp to the very Tyles of the houses hauing a great fruite of a monstruous bignesse hangyng by a small stalke in fashion like a Peare and greene in collour although when it hath flowred it wyll growe in what fashion you wyll haue it they say there hath been some of them mene foote in length The rounde ones also growe to be vsed for great vesselles the rynde of the newe ones is soft and tender but of the olde ones hard whereof when the meate is out trauaylers make great bottles to carrie drinke in The Gourdes that are vsed to be eaten in sommer are sundry in shape for some are rounde some long some broade and though the fashion be diuers yet the nature is all one for it is made by arte to growe in what shape you wyll as in the forme of a creeping Dragon or what yelist they are called in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Italian Zuma in Spanishe Calabaz in Dutche Kuirbisch the French Vne courge The seedes that the Gourde ●eareth next to the stalke as Paladius sayth are longest they in the middest rounde and those that lye on the side short broade and flatte yf you set the sharpe ende of the seede downeward as Columella sayth you shall haue them both greater Gourdes and Coucumbers It delighteth in a moyst riche wel dounged and well watred ground That which groweth without water bringes the pleasanter fruite and that whiche hath water yenough needes the lesse looking to The flowres where they be set must be digged a foote and a halfe deepe the thirde part whereof must be filled with strawe and then with good ritche mould it m●st be filled to the middest then the seedes being set must be watred tyl they be sprong and after earth layd to them styll as they growe tyll the Furrowe be filled They must be set thinne two foote a sunder it commeth vp in sixe or seuen dayes after the setting Those that are set in drye grounde must be very well watred therefore they vse to set by them earthen pottes full of water with ragges or cloutes in them to water them When they be a little growen they must haue helpes set by them to climbe vpon the longer they be the better the meate is You must beware there come no women neare where you set them for their presence dooth greatly hurt them Those that you keepe for seede you must suffer to remayne vpon the stalke tyll Winter and then geathering them and drye them eyther in the sunne or in the smoke for otherwyse the seede wyll rotte and perishe They wyll long be preserued and continue freshe yf after they be geathered they be put into a close vessell with the le●ues of white wine or hanged in a vessell of vineger so that they touche not the vineger THRA What meaneth that great Thistell that springeth there MARIVS Dyd you neuer reade in your Columella of the Hartichoch specially in his verses that he wrote of Gardnyng where he sayth Goe set the brystled Hartichoch That well with wine agrees c. Athenaeus in his second booke Dipnosophus out of Sophoclus 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 A Thistell is the Hartichoch that euery where dooth growe It is a kinde of Thistel by the diligence of the Gardner brought to be a good Garden hearbe and in great estimation at noble mens tables it is as you see framed with a round prickly head hauing a great sort of flakes set in order steeple wyse The Greekes call it 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 the Latines Strobilum because the fruite of it something resembleth the Pineapple The Frenchemen call it Alticocalum of the Arabick article Al and Cocalos a Pineapple whereof it is corruptly called Artichault in Italian and Spanishe Cardo in Dutche sometime by the Frenche name sometime Strobirn It is called of Columella Cinara because in his growing he cheefely delighteth in asshes The seede is best sowen in March and the settes in Nouember yf you wyll haue it yeelde fruite in the Spring you must bestowe much asshes vpon it it wyll hardly beare the first yeere that it is sowen Beware that you sette not the seede with the rong end vpward for so shall your Artichoch prooue very little and euil fauoured It loueth good grounde and well dounged and prospereth best in fatte ground Palladius woulde haue you moreouer to sette the seedes in well ordered beddes in the encrease of the Moone halfe a foote a sunder and not deepe but taking them in three of your fingers thrust them downe tyl the earth come to the first ioyntes of your fyngers then couer them tenderly and water them often specially toward Sommer so shall you haue the bigger fruite When they growe vp they must be continually weeded and dounged as I saide with asshes They say they wyll loose their prickles yf the toppes of the seede be made blunt vppon a stone before they be set and sweete they wyll be yf the seede be laide in Milke You must keepe them from Mowles Myse with Cattes or tame Weesels as Ruellius teacheth you Athenaeus calleth the stalke of the Artichoch 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 that lyeth vpon the grounde and that whiche standeth vpryght 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 THRA Well what hearbe is yonder same that commeth vp as it were heares with a blewishe flowre and pale hauyng in the middest of the belles as it were fierie yellowe tongues MARIVS It is Saffron in Greeke 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 in Latine Crocus in Italian and Frenche so in Spanishe Aczafran THRA What neede we care any more for either Corycum Sicil or Cyren from whence we fetche it with so great charges MARIVS Yea there groweth great plentie of it in Germanie about Spirs and diuers other places whiche may compare in goodnesse with any other place It is set in Marche of the head that it hath rounde and in cloues as the Lyllie the Leeke and the Sea Onyon Constantine affyrmeth that it may be set of the roote as soone as the flowre is

¶ FOVRE BOOKES OF Husbandry collected by M. Conradus Heresbachius Counseller to the hygh and mighty Prince the Duke of Cleue Conteyning the whole arte and trade of Husbandry vvith the antiquitie and commendation thereof Nevvely Englished and increased by Barnabe Googe Esquire GENESIS 3.19 ¶ In the svveate of thy face shalt thou eate thy bread tyll thou be turned agayne into the ground for out of it vvast thou taken yea dust thou art and to dust shalt thou returne ¶ AT LONDON Printed by Richard Watkins 1577. POST TRISTIA LAETA TO THE RIGHT WORshipfull his very good freend Syr Wylliam Fitzwylliams Knight IF such a haue paynefully and faythfully of long time serued their Prince and Countrey abroade doo most of all others deserue beside their condigne reward the benefite of a quiet and contented life at home I knowe no man good Syr VVylliam Fitzwylliams that of right may better chalenge it then your selfe who for the long time of your painefull seruise the trustie discharging of the treasureship of Ireland and your woorthy gouerment whyle it pleased her most excellent Maiestie to appoynt you for the saide Realme her highnesses Deputie haue so b●haued your selfe as euen your very enimies whereof I knowe you had goo● store haue been forced to geue you wyll they nyll they your iust deserued commendation I leaue to remember your sundry and troublesome trauayles your Gentelmanly minde alwayes vnweeried and vnmated with what so euer peril or hazard happened I passe ouer because I knowe you delight not in hearing your prayses that honourable and woorthy for euer to be Chronicled charge geuen vpon the Oneale at Monham in the rescue of your miserably distressed and slaughtred companions and countreymen of which there be sundry yet remayning that wyl attribute the hauing of their liues next vnto God to the prosperous successe of your valeaunt enterprise Neither hath this your loyall seruice to your Prince and Countrey at any time been vnaccompanied without a feruent and zealous affection towardes the Almighty the cheefest and only beauty of all mans actions Since thus as I said you may iustly chalenge for the good seruice you haue done in your youth a place and time of rest and quietnesse in your greater yeeres and that there is in my fancie no life so quiet so acceptable to God and pleasant to an honest mind as is the life of the Countrey where a man withdrawing him selfe from the miserable miseries vanities and vexations of this foolish and nowe tòtoo much doting world may geue him selfe to the sweete comtemplation of God and his woorkes and the profite and reliefe of his poore distressed neighbour to which two thinges we were chiefely created I thought it good to send you here as a token and testimony of my thankfull minde for your sundry freendshippes and curtesies shewed vnto me a rude draught of the order and maner of the saide Countrey lyfe which you may vse yf it please you for your recreation and afterwards if so you thinke it meete publish vnder your protection to the commoditie and benefite of others Fare you well in great haste from Kingstone the fyrst of Februarie 1577. Your assured louing freend Barnabe Googe ¶ THE EPISTLE TO the Reader I HAVE thought it me●te good Reader for thy further profite and pleasure to put into En●glishe these foure Bookes of husbandry collected and set foorth by M. CONRAD HERESBACH a great and a learned Councellour of the DVKE of Cleues not thinking it reason though I haue altered and increased his vvoorke vvith myne ovvne readinges and obseru●tions ioyned vvith the experience of sundry my freendes to take from him as diuers in the like case haue done the honour and glory of his ovvne trauayle Neyther is it my minde that this eyther his dooinges or myne should deface or any vvayes darken the good enterprise or painefull trauayles of such our Countreymen of England as haue plentifully vvritten of this matter but alvvayes haue and doo geue them the reuerence and honour due to so vertuous and vvell disposed Gentlemen namely Master Fitzherbert and Master Tusser vvhose vvoorkes may in my fancie vvithout any presumption compare vvith any their Varro Columella or Palladius of Rome You haue here set dovvne before you not only the rules and practises of the olde auncient husbandes as vvell Greekes as Latines vvhose very orders for the most part at this day vve obserue and from vvhom yf vve vvyl confesse the trueth vve haue borrovved the best knovvledge skill that our skilfullest husbandes haue but also haue ioyned herevvithall the experience and husbandry of our ovvne husbandes of England as farre as eyther myne ovvne obseruations or the experience of sundry my freendes vvoulde suffer me And though I haue dealt vvith many both Graines Plantes and Trees that are yet strangers and vnknovven vnto vs I doo no vvhit doubt but that vvith good diligence and husbandry they may in short time so be denisend and made acquainted vvith ou● soyle as they vvyl prosper as vvel as the olde inhabitantes It is not many ages agone since both the Peache the Pistace the Pine the Cypresse the VValnut the Almond the Chery the Figge the Abricock the Muske Rose and a great sort of others both Trees and Plantes being some Perseans some Scythians some Armenians some Italians and some Frenche all strangers and aleantes vvere brought in as nouelties amongst vs that doo novve most of them as vvell yea and some of them better being planted amongst vs in England then yf they vvere at home I haue also been carefull about the planting and ordering of the Vine though some of my freendes vvould haue had it omitted as altogeather impertinent to our countrey because I am fully persvvaded yf diligence and good husbandry might be vsed vve might haue a reasonable good vvine grovvyng in many places of this Realme as vndoubtedly vve had immediatly after the Conquest tyll partly by slothfulnesse not liking any thing long that is painefull partly by Ciuil discord long continuing it vvas left and so vvith time lost as appeareth by a number of places in this Realme that keepes still the names of Vineyardes and vppon many ●liffes and Hilles are yet to be scene th● rootes and old remaynes of Vines There is besides Nottingham an auncient house called Chylvvel in vvhich house remayneth yet as an auncient monument in a great vvyndovve of Gl●sse the vvhole order of plantin● proyning stamping pr●ssing of Vines Beside there is yet also grovving an old Vine that yeeldes a Grape sufficient to make a right good vvine as vvas lately prooued by a Gentlevvoman in the saide house There hath moreouer good experience of late yeeres been made by tvvo noble and honorable Bar●ons of this Realme the Lord Cobham and the Lord VVylliams of Tame vvho both had grovvyng about their houses as good vvines as are in many places of Fraunce And yf they ansvvered not in all pointes euery mans expectation the fault is rather to be imputed

no kinde of mischeefe vndoone Amongst all which commonly there is not so ill a neighbour as the newe vpstart that takes vpon him the name of a gentleman who though you vse him neuer so well wyll at one time or other geue you to vnderstand from whence he comes and make you syng with Claudian ASPERIVS NIHIL EST HV MILI CVM SVRGIT IN ALTVM A leudar vvretche there lyues not vnder skye Then Clovvne that climes from base estate to hye As the Prouerbe in Englande is Set a Knaue on horsebacke and you shall see him shoulder a Knight for an Ape wyll be an Ape though you clothe him in Purple Surely M. Portius would haue a man shunne the neighbourhood of suche as the pestilence I for my part am happie in this point that I haue no neighbour that I neede to feare RIGO Perhaps they dare not for your aucthoritie doo as otherwyse they woulde CONO But since death and other casualties riddes a man of them the dwelling is not to be left yf it haue other good commodities except it be placed in the borders of sundry Countreys that be subiect to great sicknesses Some commend the dwelling that hath faire wayes about it is neare some Riuer or good market wherby a man may carrie his marchādize with lesse charges The olde fellowes would neuer haue a man place him selfe neare the hie way for pilffering of such as passe by and troublesomenesse of ghestes as I saide before in speaking of the placing of an house In the letting of a Farme those thinges are to be obserued that I spake of before in describing of a Bayliffe of husbandry and his labour that you let it to suche whose trauayle and good behauiour you may be assured of and that you regard more their good ordering of the lande then the rent which is least hurtfull and most gaynefull For where as the grounde is well husbanded you shall commonly haue gayne and neuer losse except by vnreasonablenesse of the weather whiche the Ciuil Lawyer sayth shoulde not be any damage to the Tenaunt or the inuasion of the enimie where the Tenaunt can not helpe it Besides the Lorde must not deale with his Tenaunt so straightly in euery poynt as by lawe he might for his rent dayes bargaynes of wood quit rentes or suche the rigour wherein is more troublesome then beneficial neither ought we to take euery aduantage for lawe many times is right plaine wrong neither must ye be to slacke on the other side for too muche gentelnesse many times makes a man the woorst And therefore it is good yf the Farmer be slacke in his paimentes to make him to knowe it but in no wyse to be a rayser or enhaunser of rentes for that discomfortes and many times vndooeth the Tenaunt Moreouer you must not lightly change the olde Farmer both because of his desertes and that he is better acquainted with the grounde then a newe L. Volusius would alwayes say that he was in best case for his landes that had alwayes his Tenauntes borne and bread vp in them whereby the long familiaritie shoulde make them more louingly to vse them selues for sure it is an euill vse often to change Tenauntes and therefore I doo like well that order where the land is let for the liues of the Tenaunt his Wyfe and his Chylde paying a yeerely rent so that as long as he payes his rent and keepes the reparations it shall not be lawfull to deceiue him for hereby the Tenaunt shall be prouoked to order the grounde with more diligen●e to repayre the house to looke to it in al pointes as to his owne bestowyng many times as muche as he hath vppon it This way of letting lande mee see●es is best where the ground is subiect to the Sea or the Riuer or other daunger that the Tenaunt be charged with the maintenaunce of it And here be sure that you let it rather to one of habilitie then to a an vnthriftie man that is not able to beare it whereby you may loose both your land your rent In suche place as lyes neare the lord he may occupie it by his Bayliffe or to hawues but where it is farre of it is better to let it out for a yeerely rent vpon the foresayd couenantes For yf you occupie it with your seruauntes they wyl eyther looke yll to your cattel or your ground or suffer thinges to be stolen or steale them selues or make you be at more charges then needeth be carelesse in euery thing In letting of ground commonly it is couenaunted that the Tenaunt shall not let nor sell without leaue of the lorde and that he shall not breake any Pasture or Medowe lande and what and howe muche he shall sowe of eue●y kinde of grayne howe much he shall haue for Pasture howe muche he shall let lye and howe muche he shal mend Here haue you almost as muche as I am able to say in husbandyng of the grounde RIGO I thanke you you haue greatly delighted me with the describing of your Pasture grounde and Earable ¶ The ende of the fyrst Booke The seconde Booke of Gardens Orchardes and Wooddes Thrasybulus Marius Iulia. BEcause of the Aliance betwixt Hearbes Trees and Corne and because their husbandry is almost one it is reason that next to the first booke written of earable grounde and tyllage shoulde folowe the description of Orchardes Gardens and their fruites Virgil in wryting of husbandry left this part vnwritten of howe be it diuers others both olde and newe wryters haue not without some diligence written of this part but yet by snatches as it were and not throughly whose opinions ioyned with myne owne experience it seemeth good to me in this booke to declare And since the vse of Orchardes and Gardens is great and auncient and that Homer wryteth howe Laertes the olde man was woont with his trauayle in his Orchardes to driue from his minde the sorowe he tooke for the absence of his sonne And Xenophon reporteth that king Cyrus as great a prince as he was woulde plant with his owne handes and sette Trees in his Orchardes in suche order as it seemed an earthly paradise Qu. Curtius writeth of Abdolominus that for his great vertue of a poore Gardner came to be king of the Sidonians And surely not vnwoorthyly is this part of husbandry esteemed seeing it doth not alonely bring great pleasure but also is greatly profitable for the maintenaunce of household and the sparing of charges ministring to the husband dayly foode and sufficient sustenaunce without cost For when as Columella sayth in the olde time the people liued more temperately and the poore at more libertie fedde of fleshe and milke and suche thinges as the ground and foldes yeelded but in the latter age when ryotte and daintinesse began to come in and the wealthyer sort to esteeme no fare but costly and farre fetched not content with meane dyet but coueting such thinges as were of greatest price the

the Bitch lacke milke suckle them with the milke of a Goate tyll they be foure moneths old Lay vnderneath them in theyr kennels strawe and Chaffe that they may lye warme for they can not well away with cold You must cut the tayles of the Whelpes when they be sixe weekes old in this maner there is a sinnowe that runnes from the ridge of the backe to the tippe of the tayle which being held fast with a pyncer and a little drawen out you shall cut a sunder wherby neyther the tayle shall growe to any foule length nor the Dogge shall at any time after as they say be madde They are thought to lift vp the legge when they pisse at sixe moneths old which is a signe of the perfectnesse of theyr strength The feeding of both kindes is all one they may be fedde with bones porredge and such like in any wyse let them want no meate for yf they doo they wyll for hunger rauen abrode and forsake both the house and the flocke Xenophon would haue you geue them Milke all the yeere long and such foode as they shall feede with all theyr lyfe time and no other thing yf you feede them too full it will breede as he sayth diseases in theyr legges and rotte them within Bread is theyr common meate but Varro would haue it geuen eyther with Milke or Whay by vse wherof they wyll neuer forsake their cattell You may geue them beside bread with the broth of sodden bones and the bones them selues broosed which wyll make theyr teeth the sounder and theyr mouthes and iawes wyder and they wylbe the keener by reason of the sweetenesse of the Marowe You must beware they eate no dead Sheepe least by reason of the tast they fall to the liue ones Whyle the Bitch hath Whelpes you must feede her rather with Barly bread then Wheaten bread for they prosper better with it and makes them geue more milke You must feede them thryse a day in the mornyng when you tye them vp at noone and agaynt at night when you set them loose Their names that you geue them must be short that they may sooner heare when they be called The Greekes and the Latines gaue them names of two syllables the Germanes lightly but one syllable as Ball Slut Patch Grym c. al though Columella would not haue their names vnder two syllables shewing for example the names of Dogges among the Greekes and the Latines as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 and Lupa Tigr●● Cerua Xenophon reckoneth vp thousandes al for the most part of two syllables The diseases and greeuances of Dogges are the byting of Flyes Tycks and Manginesse Against this you must washe them when they be Whelpes with bitter Almondes stamped and strayned with water wasshing them both about their eares and betwixt their clawes that neyther Flyes sticke to them and blister them nor Tycks or Lyce molest them and yf they be alredy mangy you must annoynt them with Tarre and Hogges grease the Tycks also yf you touche them with this medeci●e wyll presently fall of for you must not plucke them of by force If your Dogge be full of Fleas the remedy is Cummin beaten with a like quantitie of Neesing pouder mingled with water rubbe him ouer with it or the olde dregges of Oyle rubbed ouer all his body If he be skabby take Cyt●isus and S●samum beat them togeather mingling them with Tarre annoynt the sore this medecine wyl also remedy a christian creature They say also that yf you thrust the skinne through with an iron it wyll heale the manginesse or yf you smeare them ouer with Gunne pouder or cast them into a Tanners Fat. Aristotle wryteth that Dog●es are cheefely troubled with three diseases madnesse Qui●s●y and the Goute and wha●soeuer he byteth in his m●dnesse becommeth also mad● and dyeth thereof the madnesse is must extreame in the 〈…〉 what so euer is bitten by them fai●●th stra●ghtwayes into a lo●hyng and feare of water To preserue them from it you must mingle with their meate for thirtie dayes togeather or yf they be already infected geue them Neesing pouder to eate Plinie wryteth that there is in the tongues of Dogges a little woorme called of the Greekes ●yrta which yf it be taken out whyle they be whelpes they wyl neyther be madde nor greedy or rauenous If the Dogge be madde he refuseth both meate and drinke and driueleth ylfauoured fomie matter both from his nose and mouth he looketh with a lothsome countenaunce his body his leane and more clong togeather then it was woont to be he beareth his tayle betwyxt his legges and biteth without any barking what soeuer he meetes falling as well vpon men as beastes making no difference betwyxt his freendes and strangers As the Dogge is a watchman and keeper of the house and the flocke so the Catte is also a household seruant to be cheryshed The Egyptians for theyr profitablenesse did woorship for theyr God a golden Catte for whereas Rattes and Mise as well in Cities as in Granges are greatly hurtfull we keepe vp Cattes for the auoyding of the m●schiefe neither is there a speedier remedy The Catte is a beast of nature enimie to the Mouse watching in the night and sleeping in the day stealing suddenly and swiftly vpon the Mouse shee seeth better by night then by day as Alexander Aphrodiseus wryteth her eyes shine and glister in the darke They goe a Catterwalling about February and other times in the yeere for they often ingender and bring forth their young ones blind as the Bitch doth Herodotus saith that after the Catte hath kitned she commeth no more at the Bucke which when he perceaueth can not haue his purpose he killeth the young wherof when she seeth her selfe bereft for very desire of young wherof this kind is most desirous she commeth straight to the Bucke For my part I would rather counsell you to destroy your Rattes and Mise with Traps Banes or Weesels for besides the sluttishnesse lothsomenesse of the Catte you know what she layes in the Malt heape she is most d●ungerous and pernicious among children as I mee self haue had good experience Soli deo honor Gloria The end of the thirde booke ¶ The fourth Booke entreatyng of Poultry Foule Fishe and Bees PVLLARIVS CHENOBOSCVS MELISSEVS PISSINARIVS PVLLA AS keeping and breeding of cattell dooth yeeld no small commoditie and gaynes to the husband so the nourishing and maintenaunce of Poultry Foule Bees and Fishe yf the countrey be for it dooth commonly aryse to his great aduauntage whereby both the reuenue is greatly encreased and the table dayly with dayntie and no chargeable dysshes furnished Cages and houses for Birds wherein were kept al maner and sortes of Foule were fyrst deuised by M. Lelius Strabo at Brundisium from whiche time it was fyrst put in vse to penne vp suche creatures as naturally were accustomed to flee at their libertie in the ayre At whiche time also