Selected quad for the lemma: book_n

Word A	Word B	Word C	Word D	Occurrence	Frequency Band	MI	MI Band	Prominent
book_n	contain_v	history_n	year_n	3,071	5	5.5025	4	true

Text snippets containing the quad

ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A57125	A treatise of the necessity of humane learning for a Gospel-preacher shewing the use of I. Languages, II. Rhetoric, III. Logic, IV. Natural philosophy, V. Moral philosophy, VI. History, VII. Chronology, VIII. Arithmetic, IX. Geometry, X. Astronomy, XI. Geography, and the benefits of learning in all ages : also this question is determined, whether grace be essential to a minister of the Gospel? / by Edward Reyner ...	Reyner, Edward, 1600-1668.; Reyner, J. (John), b. 1624.	1663 (1663)	Wing R1232; ESTC R22136	152,217	372

he was at first a Platonist and learned became both a Christian and a Martyr He labored and suffered much for the Religion of Christ He writ a book against all Heresies and famous Volumes against Marcion the Heretic he writ also Apologies for the Christians He was renowned in all ancient Histories for his great knowledge both in Religion and Philosophy Irenaeus was educated from his childhood in Philosophy and Arts. He was admired of all for his excellent learning and skill in humane and in divine things Tertullian calls him Omnium doctrinarum curiosum exploratorem an exquisite searcher out of all learning He was an exact resuter of Heresie He confuted the Valentinians and Gnostics who were the inventers as one saith of the most Chymical Divinity that ever came into the fancy of man He was laborious and prosperous in his Ministery and converted almost the whole city of Lyons in France from Paganism Clemens Alexandrinus Jerom saith of him Meo judicio fuit omnium eruditissimus quid in illius libris indoctum c. That in his opinion he was the most learned Daniel Heinsius saith In the Dedication of Clemens his Works to Gustavus Adolphus He was second to few in Antiquity to none in Learning and that he labored to be an healer of the superstition of the Greeks which at that time invaded the world Cui primo omnium errori vir sanctissimus gravissimo volumine medetur His writings contain a treasure of divine and humane learning and are full of eloquence He excell'd in History and in confutation of heresie Tertullian was skill'd in all kind of learning Lactantius and of chiefest esteem amongst the Latine Authors Jerom saith that his books against the Gentiles contain cunctam saeculi doctrinam all the learning of his age or all sorts of learning Pamelius in vita Tertulliam He was diligently conversant in the Mathematics and in Histories Scult Medull He opposed in those times with great zeal the Heretics as Marcion the Valentinians Praxeas Hermogenes as also the Jews He wrote a learned Apology in behalf of the Christians who were then falsly accused and persecuted and he demonstrated to the very Heathen the verity of Christian Religion and the innocency of Christians Origen was as is reported of him from In the third Century his infancy throughly grounded in all Learning and he was accounted a Mirror of Piety and Learning of all sorts Humane and Divine He had a great acuteness in confuting the Philosophers and those Arabians who would have Souls to die with their Bodies and Berillus the Heretic who denied the Eternity of Christ whom at length he reduced to the Truth as he did Ambrose from the error of the Marcionites He was a great honorer of Martyrdom a comforter of Martyrs His whole life was a continual study he would read at his Meals Cyprian was first a Rhetorician after a Learned godly Bishop and at length a glorious Martyr of Christ He confuted Novatus the Heretic whom he stiles in his Epistles an importunate Innovator a murtherer of Penitence Lactantius excelled all the Writers of the Church in Elegance In the fourth Century and lustre of Language Jerom saith of him that he was as it were a flood of Tullian Eloquence He wrote many Treatises which may be read with profit and pleasure Athanasius was educated in all sorts of learning He was a vigorous Opposer of the Arrians therefore he was called The Hammer of the Arrian Heretics by whom he was extreamly hated because they perceived the acuteness of his wit Learning and industry in confuting of Heresies in the Nicene Council therefore he was exposed to great trouble Theodoret calls him The Bulwark of Truth Naziazen stiles him The great Trumpet and pillar of the Church He was great for his Learning labors sufferings and constancy and courage even when not onely Bishops but Emperors Kingdoms Armies and Nations were set against him yet the Emperor Constantine gave this character of him Virum plane divinum existimo I hold him to be indeed a divine man Hilary was a man of excellent parts In his Epistle presixed to his works Erasmus saith that he was Ob vitae sanctimoniam insignem eruditionem Eloquentiam admirabilem aevi sui Lumen the light of his Age for sanctity of life eminent Learning and admirable Eloquence quanto stomacho saevit in Arrianos c. He was a great Antagonist to the Arrians whom he called Devils Antichrists blasphemers pests he writ several books against them Jerom calls him The Trumpet of the Latine Tongue perhaps because he was the first that confuted the Arrians in Latine and the Confessor of our time Cyril of Jerusalem a man of great Learning Prudence and Piety Ecclesiastical Writers testifie of him that he was Fortissimus Christi Athleta Orthodoxae fidei assertor constantissimus A most valiant champion of Christ and most constant defender of the Orthodox faith He suffered many persecutions through the rage of the Arrians Basil called Magnus Greg. Nazianz in vita Bahlii he was great every way as in wit and Learning in omni doctrinae genere summus saith Suidas skilful in all the liberal Sciences and in all the Mathematics Summus in cunctis apparuit he was so excellent in every one as if he had studied that onely one Great in eloquence Erasmus calls him the Christian Demosthenes great in contending for and in defending the truth in confuting and convincing Heretics Gregory Nazianzene was Learned in Grammar Vita Greg. Nazianz a Greg. Presbytero conscripta Rhetoric Philosophy both Natural and Moral Poetry Arithmetic Geometry Astronomy in all the Liberal Arts in the study of which he spent many years He was a man of great Authority and use in the Greek Churches that who so opposed his testimony was suspected of Heresie He is called A living Library of Philosophy and Divinity Epiphanius had great knowledge in the Hebrew being educated by one Tryphon a Jew He was a learned pious Divine Cornarius Medicus saith Cornarius who translated him out of Greek into Latine which work he undertook propter Authoris praes●ntiam operis raritatem for the excellency of the Author and rarity of the work He was a man saith one of a very good honest John Daille and plain nature He was semper Haereticorum acerrimus oppugnator alway a sharp opposer of Heresies He wrote a Learned book against 80 Heresies which contains variety of story in it He purged all Cyprus from Heresies and having obtained an Edict from Theodosius the Emperor he cast all the Heretics out of the Island Ambrose was Learned in the Liberal Arts and excellent in Eloquence He was very couragious for the truth He denied the Emperor Theodosius entrance into the Church until he had publickly confesed his fault scil that miserable slaughter caused by him at Thessalonica Daille saith he was one of the most firm Pillars of the

used 1. By God himself to Adam Genes 3.22 Behold the Man is become as one of us c. to Israel Judg. 10.14 go and cry to the gods whom ye have served which was an Ironical upbraiding of them for their Idolatry See the like in Jer. 22.23 Amos 4.4 2. By Christ to the Pharisees Mark 7.9 full well ye reject the Commandments of God he means they did very ill in so doing and to his Disciples Matth. 26.45 Bexa Sleep on and take your rest 3. By good Men as Elijah to the Worshippers of Baal 1 Kings 18.27 and Job to his self-conceited Friends Job 12.2 and 26.2 3. Solomon to the young man Eccles 11.9 Paul to the Corinthians 1 Cor. 4.8 The third Trope is a Metaphor when the like is signified by the like It is a Similitude contracted to one word So Eyes Hands Feet Grief Laughter Repentance and other Parts Affections Actions and Adjuncts of the Creature especially of Men are attributed to God by a kinde of Similitude So God is called a Rock Buckler Horn high Tower Psal 18.2 a Sun and a Shield Psal 84.11 a fountain of water Jer. 2.13 a consuming fire Heb. 12.29 a husbandman Joh. 15.1 So Christ is call'd a Shepherd a Door a Lyon a Lamb a Vine a bright morning-Star Rev. 22.16 a foundation-stone Isa 28.16 So the Spirit and the graces and operations of it are set forth by water John 4.10 14. and 7.38 39. and by sire Matth. 3.11 Yea all the Mysteries of the Gospel and what ever is spiritual is Metaphorically expressed in the holy Scripture as Repentance by washing Isai 1.16 by circumcising the foreskin of the heart Jer. 4.4 Faith by eating Christ's flesh and drinking his blood John 6.47 with 54. Pardon of sin by blotting it out Isai 43.25 and by God's casting it behinde his back Isa 38.17 See many Instances together in Mat. 16.18 19. 2 Cor. 10.4 Eph. 6.14 to 17. Revel 3.18 So the Church is called God's house 1 Tim. 3.15 God's Husbandry 1 Cor. 3.9 the righteous are called Wheat Mat. 3.12 Jewels Mal. 3.17 Sheep Joh. 10. The wicked are called Dogs Swine Seducers are called Wolves The Devil a Serpent a Lion The Scripture sometimes gives the parts and properties of Men to other things and so represents them as persons as hands to the Spider Prov. 30.28 mourning and weeping to the Ground Job 31.38 Joel 1.10 Thus blood is said to cry Genes 4.10 the pastures to shout and sing Psal 65.13 the trees to clap their hands Isai 55.12 the waters to see and be afraid Ps 77.16 Add Psal 19.1 to 6. Isai 59.14 The fourth Trope is a Synecdoche which is fourfold Of the 1. Genus 2. Species 3. Whole 4. Part. 1. A Synecdoche of the Genus when the Genus is put for the Species or a General for a Particular So the living Gen. 3.20 and all flesh Luke 3.6 Rom. 3.20 and every creature is put for all men Mark 16.15 Col. 1.23 Thus a common Name is used 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for a proper as the seed of the woman and the Son of man for Christ A Prophet for Moses Hos 12.13 the river for Euphrates Gen. 31.21 Josh 24.2 3. 2. A Synecdoche of the Species when the Species is put for the Genus or a Particular for the General So the Greeks are put sometimes for all the Gentiles in opposition to the Jews Rom. 1.16 and 2.9 Bread for all kinde of food Gen. 3.19 Peace is put for all good things Temporal Ps 122.6 7. and Spiritual John 14.27 Rom. 1.7 The washing one anothers feet for the whole exercise of love and humility John 13.14 Removing of mountains for performing any thing difficult and seemingly impossible Mat. 17.20 3. A Synecdoche of the whole when that is put for a part Thus the World is put for the Roman Empire Luke 2 1. or for the Land of Canaan as some understand Rom. 4.13 for the Gentiles in opposition to the Jews Rom. 11.11 12. 1 John 2.2 All in Scripture is often taken for some of all sorts distributively not collectively for all of every sort 1 Tim. 2.4 Thus God will have all men to be saved So Gen. 7.14 Mat. 4.23 Luk. 11.42 Thus the plural Number is used for the singular as sons for one son Gen. 46.23 daughters for one daughter vers 7. that was Dinah vers 15. Thieves for one of them Mat. 27.44 with Luke 23.39 43. The Prophets Acts 13.43 for one of them scil Habakkuk chap. 1.5 4. A Synecdoche of the Part when a part is put for the whole as soul Gen. 46.26 27. Rom. 13.1 for the whole man So is the body Rom. 12.1 and the blood Mat. 27.4 and the heads Prov. 11.26 The roof is put for the house Mat. 8.8 Gates for a City Gen. 22.17 The singular Number is put for the plural as Man for Men Job 14.1 and beast for beasts Eccles 3.21 Thus a certain number is put for an uncertain that is the usual Phrase of Scripture as Job 5.19 in six troubles yea in seven i.e. in many Amos 1.3 Prov. 24.16 1 Sam. 2.5 Jer. 15.9 Eccles 11.2 Revel 4.5 Zech. 3.9 So much of the kinds of Tropes Secondly The Affections of Tropes follow which are four I. A Catachresis which is a harsher or more strained manner of speech that seems to come in vi non precariò Thus wings are put for beams Mal. 4.2 So the Priests are said to prophane the Sabbath Mat. 12.5 The Israelites savour to stink in the eyes of Pharaoh Exod. 5.21 Thus the people are said to see the thundring as the noise of the trumpet Exod. 20.18 and John to see the voice that spake with him Rev. 1.12 II. An Hyperbole which is the boldness of a Trope coming into one extreme either by Amplification or Extenuation 1. By way of Amplification when our speech increaseth the thing or is above it which is called Auxesis Thus Abraham's seed are said to be like the dust of the earth Gen. 13.16 and the stars of Heaven for number c. 15.5 Jacob is said to hate Leah that is to love her less then he did Rachel Gen. 29.30 31. Luke 4.16 with Mat. 10.37 Saul and Jonathan are said to be swifter then Eagles and stronger then Lyons 2 Sam. 1.23 Thus it is said that in Solomon's days silver was as stones 1 King 10.21 27. That the world it self could not contain the books if all was written which Jesus did Joh. 21.25 That David made his bed to swim Psal 6.6 That Job washed his steps in butter and the rock poured him out rivers of oil chap. 29.6 See the like in Deut. 32.13 Gen. 49.11 Judg. 5.5 That our light affliction c. works for us 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 an exceeding excessive eternal weight of glory But as one saith Nec Christus nec coelum patitur Hyperbolen Here it is hard to Hyperbolize 2. By way of Extenuation when our speech lessens the thing or is beneath it which is called

〈◊〉 〈◊〉 unlearned men were amazed Acts 4.13 Ergo the Apostles had no humane learning Ans They counted the Apostles unlearned because they being fishermen were not trained up in learning nor educated in Schools as the Pharisees were therefore they wondred that men unlearned were so well-skill'd in the doctrine of Moses and the Prophets and could speak so boldly of the mysteries of the Gospel They wondered at Christ's learning seeing he was a Carpenter's son as then reputed and never learn'd at School Matth. 13.55 56. John 7.15 How knoweth this man letters having never learned The second Proposition Though many of the Prophets were call'd or taken from secular imployments as Elisha from the plow King 19.19 20. Zechariah from husbandry chap. 13.5 Amos from the herd Amos 1.1 and 7.14 and divers of the Apostles from their nets ships and fishing as Peter Andrew James and John Mar. 1.16 to 21. and Matthew from the Custom-house where he sate chap. 9.9 Yet others of them were educated in humane learning Acts 7.22 as Moses was in all the learning of the Egyptians by the care of Pharaoh's daughter Dan. 1.4 and Daniel in the learning and Tongue of the Chaldeans by Nebuchadnezzar's command Paul was brought up at the feet of Gamaliel Acts 22.3 Festus told him of his much learning The third Proposition Christ and his Apostles made good use of Tongues Arts and Sciences for opening the Scriptures and for explaning applying and pressing the Doctrines contained therein and what they delivered to their hearers Of Tongues in citing and translating Scriptures out of Hebrew in the Old Testament into Greek in the New and expounding them and in speaking to men of several Nations in their own Language Acts 2.4 5 6. 1 Cor. 14.18 Of Arts as Rhetoric Logic Philosophy as hath been declared before Their use of learning shews they had learning The fourth Proposition The Prophets and Apostles made use of books of the holy Scriptures chiefly and also of humane Authors to read them Mr. Weemse saith 〈◊〉 Divine 〈◊〉 pag. 66. that the Prophets and the Apostles to wit some of them learned their humane Arts and Sciences from men as Moses did from the Egyptians Daniel from the Chaldeans Paul from Gamaliel but as they were Prophets and Apostles they had their divine knowledge immediately from God yet they were to retain and keep it by reading S●m as the fire that came from Heaven upon the Altar was miraculous yet when it was once kindled they kept it in with wood as we do our fires Yea they daily increased in knowledge by reading of books especially the holy Scriptures Daniel though a great Prophet did exercise himself much in reading the books of the Prophets chap. 9.2 I Daniel understood by books the number of the years Paul a great Apostle yet made use of Books 2 Tim. 4.13 he writ to Timothy to bring him the Books he left at Troas See Piscator in 2 Tim. 4.13 in his Obse v. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Calvin observes upon that place now that Paul being aged was to prepare himself for death yet he desists not from reading Books Here is commended saith he to all the godly diligent reading of Books by which they may profit Hence the Fury of those Fanatic persons is refel'd who contemning Books and condemning all reading boast of their own Enthusiasms onely Paul commends reading to Timothy 1 Tim. 4.13 It 's certain Paul read humane yea Heathen Authors as the Greek Poets for he alledgeth Sayings out of them As of Menander to convince the Corinthians 1 Cor. 15.33 Evil words corrupt good maners whereby he refutes the Verse of another Poet to wit Anacreon as some think Let us eat and drink for to morrow we shall die vers 32. Of Epimenides to reprehend the Cretians Titus 1.12 Of Aratus to shame the Athenians Acts 17.28 when he disputed against the Philosophers there Scultetus collects out of 2 Tim. 1.6 that Paul was read in Plato's Writings for he useth some of his words as 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 which is verbum Platonicum Peter quotes a common Proverb or rather two 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 c. 2 Pet. 2.22 The Dog is turned to his vomit and the Sow to her wallowing in the mire The fifth Proposition Some of them made use not onely of Books for further information of their Minds but of their Notes or Writings for the help of their Memories as Paul did of the Parchments 2 Tim. 4.13 which he left at Troas and sent for The Cloak whereby he was covered from showers and kept warm 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 But some think the word signifieth Scriniolum or Theca Libraria a Desk or Coffer wherein Paul laid his Books or Writings Calvin inclines to this sense The Cloak I left with Carpus bring with thee when thou comest and the Books but especially the Parchments What these Parchments were is difficult to determine Some conceive them to be a Scheme or draught and model of Divine Truths methodically digested which Paul had prepared and accommodated to his own use or transfer'd to the use of others as Apollo or Timothy or Titus 1 Cor. 4.6 Hence one infers If Paul had been always supplied with miraculous assistance what needed he to have committed any thing to writing for his own use or to have been so solicitous for his Parchments SECT III. That Joel 2.28 and 1 John 2.27 make not at all against the need of Learning Obj. 3. HAth not God promised to pour out his Spirit upon all flesh in the latter days Joel 2.28 29 and that the Anointing we have received teacheth us all things 1 John 2.27 What need is there then of Learning of Books or Studies for the Ministers of Christ Is not the Teaching of the Spirit sufficient without all these Answ Hereto I return a triple Answer First Joel 2.28 That Prophecy in Joel 2.28 of the effusion of the Spirit in extraordinary Gifts of Tongues and of Prophesying c. was fulfilled at that time when the Holy Ghost came upon the Apostles on the day of Pentecost in the form of cloven Tongues like as of fire c. Acts 2.1 to 7. for they that spake in this place were Peter and the eleven Acts 2.14 Peter asserts it for their vindication that the Apostles were not drunk Verse 5 16 17. vers 15 16 17. This was a wonderful and miraculous pouring out of the Spirit shortly after Christ's Ascension Mr. Hollingworth and for the honor of it Ephes 4.8 that God might have a Church among the Gentiles before the fall of the Jewish Church As the miraculous Confusion of Tongues was the casting off of the Heathen Gen. 11.7 so the Gift of Tongues in this variety was a means of their Conversion Though such extraordinary Gifts were conferred on some others besides the Apostles afterwards as Prophesying on Agabus Acts 11.28 and