a_o historical_a account_n of_o the_o manner_n and_o behaviour_n of_o the_o christian_n and_o the_o practice_n of_o christianity_n throughout_o the_o several_a age_n of_o the_o church_n write_a original_o in_o french_a by_o msr._n cl._n fleury_n praeceptor_n to_o monseigneur_n de_fw-fr vermandois_n and_o to_o the_o duke_n of_o burgundy_n and_o anjou_n london_n print_v for_o thomas_n leigh_n at_o the_o peacock_n against_o st._n dunstan_n church_n in_o fleetstreet_n 1698._o the_o preface_n the_o learned_a author_n of_o this_o book_n give_v several_a instance_n of_o his_o ingenuity_n and_o candour_n he_o recommend_v some_o primitive_a practice_n that_o justify_v our_o reformation_n particular_o the_o continual_a read_n and_o study_v of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n speak_v of_o the_o ancient_a christian_n he_o say_v that_o they_o study_v the_o word_n of_o god_n in_o private_a meditate_v upon_o it_o day_n and_o night_n they_o read_v over_o in_o their_o house_n what_o they_o hear_v at_o the_o church_n master_n of_o family_n take_v care_n to_o repeat_v those_o exposition_n of_o scripture_n they_o have_v learned_a from_o their_o pastor_n many_o lay-christians_a can_v say_v the_o holy_a scripture_n by_o heart_n they_o general_o carry_v a_o bible_n about_o with_o they_o and_o many_o saint_n have_v be_v find_v bury_v with_o the_o gospel_n lie_v on_o their_o breast_n woman_n no_o less_o than_o man_n read_v the_o holy_a scripture_n and_o in_o the_o persecution_n regret_v nothing_o so_o much_o as_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o bibles_n parent_n take_v such_o care_n to_o instruct_v their_o family_n that_o in_o all_o antiquity_n we_o find_v no_o catechism_n for_o little_a child_n nor_o any_o public_a provision_n make_v for_o the_o instruction_n of_o those_o that_o be_v baptise_a before_o they_o come_v to_o year_n of_o discretion_n every_o private_a house_n be_v then_o as_o a_o church_n he_o observe_v that_o st._n john_n be_v the_o chief_a in_o our_o saviour_n affection_n jesus_n christ_n have_v a_o particular_a kindness_n for_o his_o disciple_n and_o for_o his_o apostle_n and_o among_o they_o for_o st._n peter_n and_o the_o two_o son_n of_o zebedee_n and_o for_o st_n john_n above_o all_o the_o rest_n he_o do_v not_o find_v the_o preference_n of_o the_o bless_a virgin_n upon_o blood_n and_o natural_a relation_n but_o upon_o the_o endowment_n and_o qualification_n of_o her_o mind_n notwithstanding_o the_o most_o tender_a affection_n which_o jesus_n christ_n have_v for_o his_o mother_n he_o seem_v sometime_o to_o have_v express_v himself_o harsh_o towards_o she_o and_o reprove_v the_o woman_n that_o bless_v she_o bare_o upon_o the_o account_n of_o she_o be_v his_o mother_n and_o declare_v that_o he_o own_v no_o other_o for_o his_o mother_n and_o kindred_n but_o they_o that_o do_v the_o will_n of_o his_o father_n he_o know_v what_o that_o great_a person_n be_v able_a to_o bear_v and_o be_v willing_a to_o let_v the_o world_n see_v that_o flesh_n and_o blood_n have_v no_o share_n in_o his_o affection_n mr._n fleury_n well_o observe_v that_o the_o church_n of_o jerusalem_n which_o jesus_n christ_n with_o his_o own_o hand_n begin_v to_o build_v upon_o the_o foundaion_n of_o the_o synagogue_n be_v the_o root_n and_o original_n of_o all_o other_o church_n he_o seem_v in_o nothing_o more_o to_o censure_v the_o reformation_n than_o in_o what_o he_o write_v of_o the_o celibacy_n of_o priest_n although_o platina_n a_o contemporary_a with_o aeneas_n silvius_n tell_v we_o that_o that_o learned_a pope_n pius_n ii_o use_v to_o say_v '_o there_o be_v great_a reason_n for_o prohibit_v priest_n to_o marry_o but_o great_a for_o allow_v it_o again_o and_o mr._n fleury_n write_v thus_o of_o the_o primitve_n christian_n they_o know_v but_o two_o state_n marriage_n or_o continence_n they_o general_o make_v chocie_n of_o the_o marry_a state_n have_v no_o good_a opinion_n of_o the_o celibacy_n of_o the_o heathen_a though_o they_o prefer_v the_o state_n of_o continence_n as_o know_v its_o excellency_n and_o often_o find_v a_o way_n of_o reconcile_a both_o these_o state_n into_o one_o for_o there_o be_v many_o marry_a person_n who_o yet_o live_v in_o continence_n they_o consider_v marriage_n as_o a_o emblem_n of_o that_o union_n which_o be_v between_o christ_n and_o his_o church_n they_o know_v that_o the_o relation_n of_o father_n and_o mother_n be_v a_o high_a and_o honourable_a character_n as_o be_v the_o image_n of_o god_n in_o a_o more_o peculiar_a manner_n and_o cooperate_a with_o he_o in_o the_o production_n of_o men._n it_o be_v certain_a by_o the_o gospel_n that_o st._n peter_n be_v a_o marry_a man._n tradition_n tell_v we_o the_o same_o of_o st._n philip_n the_o apostle_n and_o that_o both_o of_o they_o have_v child_n and_o it_o be_v particular_o observe_v that_o st._n philip_n give_v his_o daughter_n in_o marriage_n among_o the_o rule_n they_o give_v for_o the_o education_n of_o child_n this_o be_v one_o that_o to_o secure_v their_o virtue_n they_o shall_v timely_o dispose_v of_o they_o in_o marriage_n and_o they_o advise_v those_o that_o out_o of_o charity_n breed_v up_o orphan_n to_o match_v they_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o come_v to_o age_n and_o that_o to_o their_o own_o child_n rather_o than_o to_o stranger_n so_o little_o do_v they_o regard_v interest_n what_o he_o say_v of_o their_o communicate_v in_o both_o kind_n public_o read_v the_o holy_a scripture_n always_o in_o the_o vulgar_a tongue_n the_o custom_n of_o sit_v in_o their_o church_n the_o length_n of_o their_o sunday-service_n be_v also_o remarkable_a when_o they_o reserve_v part_n of_o the_o sacrament_n as_o a_o viaticum_fw-la for_o die_a person_n that_o which_o they_o carry_v abroad_o be_v only_o the_o bread_n though_o in_o their_o public_a assembly_n all_o in_o general_n communicate_v under_o both_o kind_n except_v little_a child_n to_o who_o they_o give_v only_o the_o wine_n all_o the_o lesson_n of_o the_o scripture_n be_v read_v in_o the_o vulgar_a tongue_n i._n e._n in_o the_o language_n speak_v by_o the_o better_a sort_n of_o people_n in_o every_o country_n during_o the_o time_n of_o the_o lesson_n and_o sermon_n the_o audience_n be_v regular_o seat_v the_o man_n on_o one_o side_n of_o the_o church_n and_o the_o woman_n on_o the_o other_o when_o all_o the_o seat_n be_v fill_v the_o young_a sort_n of_o people_n continue_v stand_v in_o africa_n st._n augustin_n take_v notice_n that_o the_o people_n stand_v all_o sermon-time_n but_o he_o better_o approve_v the_o custom_n of_o the_o transmarine_a church_n as_o he_o call_v they_o where_o they_o hear_v sit_v their_o litnrgy_n must_v needs_o have_v be_v very_o long_o indeed_o christian_n do_v not_o then_o think_v that_o they_o have_v any_o thing_n else_o to_o do_v on_o sunday_n but_o to_o serve_v god_n st._n gregory_n to_o show_v how_o much_o his_o strength_n be_v decay_v say_v that_o he_o be_v scarce_o able_a to_o keep_v himself_o stand_v for_o those_o three_o hour_n while_o he_o perform_v the_o office_n of_o the_o church_n and_o yet_o his_o sermon_n that_o be_v leave_v we_o be_v very_o short_a what_o mr._n fleury_n say_v of_o the_o compassion_n the_o church_n have_v for_o heretic_n must_v not_o be_v omit_v because_o nothing_o seem_v more_o to_o have_v increase_v the_o scandalous_a division_n of_o christendom_n than_o severity_n the_o church_n intercee_v in_o behalf_n of_o her_o own_o enemy_n we_o have_v many_o epistle_n of_o st._n augustin_n where_o he_o beg_v the_o favour_n of_o the_o magistrate_n in_o the_o behalf_n of_o the_o donatist_n convict_v of_o horrid_a violence_n and_o even_o murder_v commit_v on_o the_o catholic_n he_o plead_v that_o it_o will_v be_v a_o dishonour_n to_o the_o suffering_n of_o the_o murder_v to_o put_v to_o death_n the_o author_n of_o they_o and_o that_o if_o they_o can_v find_v no_o other_o penalty_n for_o they_o but_o death_n they_o will_v thereby_o bring_v themselves_o to_o that_o pass_n that_o the_o church_n who_o delight_v not_o in_o the_o blood_n of_o her_o adversary_n will_v not_o dare_v to_o demand_v justice_n against_o they_o this_o be_v a_o general_a rule_n that_o the_o church_n shall_v never_o seek_v the_o death_n of_o any_o man._n they_o be_v content_v that_o christian_a magistrate_n shall_v correct_v or_o overawe_n heretic_n by_o banishment_n or_o pecuniary_a penalty_n but_o they_o will_v have_v their_o life_n spare_v and_o the_o whole_a church_n declare_v against_o the_o proceed_n of_o the_o bishop_n ithacius_n who_o prosecute_v the_o arch_a heretic_n priscillian_n to_o death_n yet_o the_o bishop_n can_v not_o always_o obtain_v the_o pardon_n they_o desire_v for_o these_o sort_n of_o offender_n no_o more_o than_o they_o can_v for_o other_o prince_n to_o preserve_v the_o public_a peace_n enact_v the_o penalty_n of_o death_n against_o heretic_n and_o their_o law_n be_v sometime_o put_v in_o execution_n if_o in_o these_o latter_a age_n the_o
scripture_n vi_o the_o study_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n make_v up_o of_o the_o psalm_n which_o be_v pronounce_v with_o a_o grave_a and_o distinct_a voice_n be_v high_o instructive_a as_o contain_v in_o they_o a_o kind_n of_o summary_n or_o abridgement_n of_o what_o lie_v more_o disperse_v in_o the_o other_o sacred_a book_n and_o supply_v a_o collection_n of_o those_o thought_n and_o reflection_n which_o a_o man_n shall_v make_v in_o every_o condition_n maroellin_n athanas._o epist_n ad_fw-la maroellin_n of_o life_n and_o upon_o every_o emergency_n with_o the_o psalm_n they_o always_o join_v the_o read_n of_o some_o other_o part_n of_o scripture_n and_o from_o thence_o come_v in_o the_o little_a chapter_n of_o the_o hour_n as_o the_o night_n prayer_n be_v always_o the_o long_a so_o they_o have_v more_o lesson_n belong_v to_o they_o and_o as_o the_o mass_n be_v the_o most_o solemn_a part_n of_o all_o the_o office_n so_o it_o be_v that_o which_o have_v more_o of_o the_o instructive_a part_n mix_v with_o the_o devotional_a nothing_o be_v read_v in_o the_o church_n as_o scripture_n and_o of_o divine_a inspiration_n but_o what_o be_v receive_v into_o the_o canon_n that_o be_v to_o say_v such_o as_o the_o constant_a tradition_n of_o the_o church_n have_v authorize_v those_o other_o write_n which_o some_o private_a person_n will_v have_v introduce_v where_o call_v apocryphal_a that_o be_v hide_a or_o obscure_a to_o secure_v the_o ecclesiastical_a book_n from_o all_o change_n and_o that_o neither_o the_o boldness_n nor_o carelessness_n of_o the_o transcriber_n may_v make_v any_o alteration_n in_o they_o there_o be_v sometime_o join_v to_o they_o a_o protestation_n conjure_v in_o the_o name_n of_o god_n whosoever_o shall_v transcribe_v the_o write_n to_o do_v it_o faithful_o such_o a_o one_o do_v st._n irenaeus_n add_v to_o the_o end_n of_o his_o epistle_n to_o florinus_n and_o of_o the_o xx_o euseb_n hist_o v._o xx_o the_o like_a nature_n be_v that_o menace_v clause_n affix_v to_o the_o apocalypse_v 18._o apoc._n xxii_o 18._o the_o church_n therefore_o be_v not_o only_o the_o house_n of_o prayer_n but_o the_o school_n of_o salvation_n the_o bishop_n expound_v to_o the_o people_n the_o gospel_n and_o the_o other_o sacred_a book_n with_o the_o diligence_n of_o a_o public_a professor_n but_o with_o far_o great_a authority_n and_o therefore_o in_o the_o style_n of_o the_o ancient_n the_o title_n of_o doctor_n that_o be_v teacher_n be_v scarce_o give_v to_o any_o but_o bishop_n they_o instruct_v their_o flock_n both_o public_o in_o the_o congregation_n of_o the_o faithful_a and_o private_o go_v as_o be_v st._n paul_n own_o 20._o act._n xx_o 20._o practice_n from_o house_n to_o house_n and_o as_o the_o same_o apostle_n direct_v in_o his_o epistle_n to_o titus_n and_o timothy_n they_o various_o apply_v their_o instruction_n to_o the_o several_a condition_n polycarp_n ignat._n ep._n ad_fw-la polycarp_n of_o men._n they_o profess_v that_o they_o speak_v nothing_o of_o themselves_o that_o they_o viij_o tertull._n presâ—r_n c._n viij_o keep_v to_o what_o be_v reveal_v not_o pretend_v to_o make_v new_a discovery_n after_o the_o gospel_n but_o faithful_o to_o deliver_v to_o other_o what_o they_o themselves_o have_v receive_v from_o init_fw-la st_o iren_n ad_fw-la florin_n ap_fw-mi eus._n v._n hist_o 20._o st._n clem._n al._n strom._n init_fw-la their_o father_n that_o be_v from_o the_o most_o ancient_a priest_n and_o bishop_n live_v within_o the_o memory_n of_o man_n and_o they_o in_o like_a manner_n from_o other_o before_o they_o and_o so_o backward_o by_o a_o uninterrupted_a tradition_n ascend_v up_o to_o the_o apostle_n themselves_o they_o imprint_v in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o faithful_a a_o abhorrence_n for_o all_o kind_n of_o novelty_n 38._o pap._n apud_fw-la eus._n hist_o three_o c._n 38._o more_o especial_o in_o the_o doctrinal_n of_o religion_n so_o that_o if_o any_o private_a person_n hear_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o the_o faith_n they_o never_o amuse_v themselves_o about_o contradict_v or_o confute_v it_o that_o care_n they_o leave_v to_o their_o pastor_n they_o only_o stop_v their_o ear_n against_o it_o and_o will_v have_v nothing_o to_o do_v with_o it_o and_o this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o so_o many_o heresy_n al._n ignat._n ep_v ad_fw-la trall_n et_fw-fr al._n which_o start_v up_o in_o the_o first_o age_n be_v silence_v and_o come_v to_o nothing_o without_o the_o interpose_v of_o council_n or_o any_o formal_a proceed_n of_o the_o church_n against_o they_o the_o catholic_n pastor_n unanimous_o consent_v in_o the_o same_o tradition_n and_o the_o people_n inviolable_o adhere_v to_o the_o doctrine_n of_o their_o pastor_n the_o faithful_a study_v the_o word_n of_o god_n in_o private_a every_o one_o by_o himself_o meditate_v upon_o it_o both_o day_n and_o night_n they_o use_v to_o read_v over_o again_o in_o their_o house_n what_o they_o have_v hear_v read_v at_o the_o church_n to_o fix_v in_o their_o memory_n the_o exposition_n of_o the_o pastor_n and_o to_o discourse_v they_o over_o among_o themselves_o above_o 10._o const_n apost_n four_o c._n 10._o all_o the_o father_n of_o family_n take_v care_n to_o make_v these_o repetition_n to_o their_o domestic_n for_o every_o master_n of_o a_o family_n be_v within_o the_o wall_n of_o his_o own_o house_n as_o it_o be_v a_o private_a pastor_n keep_v up_o therein_o a_o regular_a course_n of_o pray_v and_o read_v instruct_v his_o wife_n child_n and_o servant_n and_o in_o a_o plain_a and_o familiar_a way_n administer_a proper_a exhortation_n to_o they_o and_o thus_o preserve_v all_o that_o belong_v to_o he_o in_o the_o unity_n of_o the_o church_n by_o the_o entire_a submission_n he_o himself_o pay_v to_o his_o pastor_n what_o i_o have_v say_v of_o father_n be_v also_o to_o be_v understand_v of_o mother_n who_o take_v the_o same_o religious_a care_n of_o their_o child_n st._n basil_n and_o his_o brother_n â—un_v basil_n epist_n lxiv_o lxxu._n lxxix_o greg._n vita_fw-la macr._n â—un_v st._n gregory_n nyssene_n glory_n in_o their_o have_v keep_v the_o faith_n which_o they_o receive_v from_o their_o grandmother_n macrina_n and_o she_o from_o st._n gregory_n thaumaturgus_n and_o it_o seem_v to_o be_v upon_o this_o account_n that_o st._n paul_n give_v so_o particular_a a_o character_n of_o the_o faith_n of_o the_o mother_n and_o grandmother_n of_o st._n timothy_n one_o proof_n of_o the_o 5._o 2_o tim._n i_o 5._o special_a care_n that_o parent_n take_v in_o the_o well_o instruct_v their_o family_n be_v that_o we_o do_v not_o find_v in_o all_o antiquity_n any_o such_o thing_n as_o a_o catechism_n for_o little_a child_n nor_o any_o public_a provision_n make_v for_o the_o instruction_n of_o those_o that_o be_v baptize_v before_o they_o come_v to_o year_n of_o discretion_n cor._n chrys_n hom._n xxxvi_o in_o ep._n ad_fw-la cor._n every_o private_a house_n be_v then_o say_v st._n chrysostom_n as_o a_o church_n to_o itself_o there_o be_v even_o many_o lay_v christian_n that_o have_v the_o holy_a scripture_n by_o heart_n so_o constant_a be_v they_o in_o the_o read_n of_o it_o they_o general_o carry_v a_o bible_n about_o they_o make_v it_o their_o companion_n where_o ever_o they_o go_v and_o many_o saint_n have_v be_v find_v bury_v with_o the_o gospel_n lie_v on_o their_o breast_n st._n chrysostom_n tell_v lxxii_o in_o mat._n hom._n lxxii_o we_o that_o in_o his_o time_n many_o woman_n wear_v it_o hang_v at_o their_o neck_n that_o they_o wash_v their_o hand_n when_o they_o receive_v those_o holy_a book_n that_o every_o one_o express_v his_o inward_a regard_n for_o they_o by_o the_o token_n of_o external_a reverence_n at_o the_o mor._n in_o jo._n hom._n liii_o mor._n read_n and_o hear_v of_o they_o the_o man_n uncover_v their_o head_n and_o the_o woman_n such_o be_v their_o way_n of_o express_v reverence_n cover_v they_o for_o woman_n read_v the_o scripture_n no_o less_o then_o men._n we_o find_v some_o of_o those_o holy_a female_a 46._o acta_fw-la ss_z agape_n &c_n &c_n ap_fw-mi bar._n a_o 304._o n._n 46._o martyr_n who_o in_o the_o diocletian_a persecution_n have_v be_v force_v to_o quit_v all_o they_o have_v and_o hide_v themselves_o in_o cave_n regret_v nothing_o else_o but_o the_o loss_n of_o their_o bibles_n and_o their_o be_v thereby_o deprive_v of_o those_o bless_a consolation_n which_o they_o before_o enjoy_v in_o exercise_v themselves_o day_n and_o night_n in_o those_o sacred_a write_n beside_o the_o scripture_n themselves_o the_o christian_n have_v also_o for_o their_o read_v the_o write_n of_o their_o bishop_n and_o other_o ecclesiastical_a author_n plenty_n of_o who_o and_o those_o of_o great_a note_n these_o first_o age_n produce_v eusebius_n give_v we_o a_o account_n hist_o euseb_n four_o et_fw-fr v._n hist_o of_o about_o forty_o by_o name_n beside_o those_o who_o work_n come_v forth_o without_o the_o name_n of_o the_o
vow_n of_o celibacy_n and_o poverty_n have_v be_v inconvenient_a and_o but_o ill_o keep_v this_o may_v have_v be_v prevent_v by_o the_o omission_n of_o of_o they_o for_o as_o this_o author_n observe_v we_o see_v no_o solemn_a vow_n in_o these_o first_o time_n st._n chrysostom_n speak_v of_o a_o monk_n return_v to_o the_o world_n as_o of_o a_o thing_n altogether_o free_a again_o he_o tell_v we_o that_o the_o monk_n in_o imitation_n of_o the_o primitive_a christian_n spend_v much_o of_o their_o time_n in_o read_v the_o holy_a scripture_n the_o rule_n of_o st._n benedict_n prescribe_v the_o same_o to_o his_o monk_n and_o more_o particular_o that_o all_o the_o time_n of_o lent_n and_o on_o sunday_n they_o shall_v apply_v themselves_o only_o to_o this_o exercise_n he_o judicious_o remark_n how_v forge_v book_n and_o pretend_a miracle_n gain_v credit_n for_o want_v of_o critical_a learning_n and_o the_o knowledge_n of_o antiquity_n they_o be_v ready_a to_o receive_v such_o suppositious_a write_n as_o be_v impose_v upon_o the_o world_n under_o the_o specious_a name_n of_o ecclesiastical_a author_n and_o also_o become_v too_o credulous_a in_o believe_v miracle_n so_o certain_a it_o be_v that_o the_o apostle_n and_o their_o disciple_n have_v wrought_v miracle_n and_o that_o many_o true_a one_o be_v be_v daily_a perform_v at_o the_o tomb_n of_o the_o martyr_n that_o they_o be_v not_o now_o overcurious_a in_o examine_v so_o as_o to_o distinguish_v the_o true_a from_o the_o false_a the_o most_o surprise_a relation_n of_o this_o kind_n in_o history_n be_v the_o best_a receive_v ignorance_n in_o philosophy_n and_o the_o little_a knowledge_n they_o have_v of_o nature_n make_v they_o take_v all_o strange_a appearance_n for_o prodigy_n and_o interpret_v they_o as_o the_o supernatural_a sign_n of_o god_n wrath_n they_o believe_v there_o be_v something_o extraordinary_a in_o astrology_n and_o dread_a eclipse_n and_o comet_n as_o dismal_a presage_n to_o give_v but_o one_o example_n more_o religion_n say_v mr._n fleury_n can_v subsist_v without_o study_n and_o preach_v to_o preserve_v the_o soundness_n of_o its_o doctrine_n and_o the_o purity_n of_o its_o moral_n it_o must_v necessary_o fall_v into_o decay_n unless_o the_o holy_a scripture_n be_v diligent_o read_v teach_v and_o expound_v to_o the_o people_n unless_o the_o apostolical_a tradition_n be_v preserve_v in_o their_o purity_n and_o purge_v from_o time_n to_o time_n of_o those_o spurious_a addition_n which_o the_o invention_n of_o man_n without_o any_o just_a authority_n have_v make_v to_o they_o will_v but_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n take_v away_o these_o and_o all_o other_o addition_n that_o be_v contrary_a to_o and_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o doctrine_n and_o practice_n of_o the_o church_n of_o christ_n in_o the_o first_o and_o pure_a age_n of_o christianity_n and_o forbid_v all_o disputation_n etc._n etc._n as_o innocent_a xi_o by_o his_o decree_n of_o the_o 19_o of_o feb._n 1678._o entire_o abolish_v the_o office_n of_o the_o immaculate_a conception_n etc._n etc._n approve_a by_o paul_n v._o they_o may_v happy_o put_v a_o end_n to_o the_o great_a division_n that_o have_v so_o long_o make_v the_o enemy_n of_o christianity_n to_o rejoice_v or_o be_v able_a to_o maintain_v the_o charge_n of_o schism_n against_o those_o that_o shall_v then_o refuse_v their_o communion_n what_o passage_n or_o expression_n occur_v in_o this_o treatise_n which_o may_v be_v judge_v contrary_a to_o and_o inconsistent_a with_o the_o doctrine_n worship_n and_o government_n of_o the_o church_n of_o england_n as_o by_o law_n establish_v the_o author_n and_o editor_n of_o this_o book_n be_v not_o answerable_a for_o nor_o pretend_v to_o justify_v consider_v that_o it_o be_v only_o a_o translation_n of_o a_o historical_a tract_n write_v in_o french_a and_o often_o print_v by_o a_o learned_a author_n of_o the_o roman_a communion_n who_o name_n be_v mention_v in_o the_o title-page_n of_o this_o book_n what_o he_o have_v say_v in_o favour_n of_o several_a of_o the_o doctrine_n of_o the_o reformation_n and_o the_o admirable_a moral_a reflection_n which_o frequent_o occur_v throughout_o his_o history_n and_o especial_o the_o former_a part_n together_o with_o other_o pious_a relation_n of_o it_o be_v enough_o to_o show_v that_o excellent_a use_n may_v be_v make_v of_o this_o treatise_n and_o hence_o to_o justify_v the_o publication_n of_o it_o in_o our_o own_o language_n and_o the_o more_o exceptionable_a passage_n that_o be_v in_o it_o i_o must_v entreat_v the_o reader_n to_o consiâ—â—â—_n 〈◊〉_d the_o mere_a effect_n of_o our_o author_n be_v 〈…〉_o the_o communion_n wherein_o he_o 〈◊〉_d and_o to_o admire_v rather_o that_o he_o 〈◊〉_d say_v so_o much_o on_o our_o side_n than_o that_o 〈◊〉_d have_v say_v no_o more_o errata_fw-la page_n 8._o line_n 16._o read_v to_o establish_v p._n 13._o l._n 13._o r._n in_o mind_n of_o p._n 27._o l._n 22._o deal_n and._n p._n 35._o l._n 22._o r._n orchard_n p._n 37._o ibid._n l._n 22._o r._n disease_n p._n 41._o l._n 11._o r._n furnish_v ibid._n 18._o r._n christian_n p._n 42._o l._n 24._o r._n paedagogus_fw-la p._n 45._o l._n 8._o r._n sanctify_v p._n 47._o l._n 29._o r._n give_v p._n 54._o l._n 32._o r._n itself_o p._n 56._o l._n 27._o r._n use_v p._n 77._o l._n 18._o for_o where_o r._n be_v ibid._n l._n 24._o r._n zealous_a p._n 86._o l._n 26._o r._n occasion_n p._n 87._o l._n 13._o r._n gnostic_n p._n 99_o l._n 15._o r._n tutelar_a p._n 103._o l._n 18._o r._n eqweus_n p._n 104._o l._n 28._o r._n lewd_a way_n p._n 105._o l._n 5._o for_o of_o r._n off_o ibid._n l._n 6._o r._n spit_v it_o p._n 106._o l._n 17._o r._n martyr_n p._n 107._o l._n 23._o deal_n the._n p._n 110._o l._n 25._o r._n reduce_v p._n 119._o l._n 25._o r._n slave_n ibid._n r._n state_n p._n 124._o l._n 22._o r._n such_o case_n p._n 129._o l._n 9_o for_o bell_n r._n bell_n p._n 136._o l._n 7._o for_o thy_o r._n they_o ibid._n r._n deliver_v p._n 148._o l._n 12._o r._n wife_n p._n 149._o l._n 25_o r._n fifty_o p._n 156._o l._n 1._o r._n to_o each_o other_o p._n 157._o l._n 2._o r._n priest_n p._n 158._o l._n 17._o for_o they_o r._n him_z p._n 165._o l._n 20._o for_o this_o r_o his_o p._n 182._o l._n 24._o r._n martyrium_fw-la p._n 204._o l._n 30_o deal_n or_o the_o least_o sign_n p._n 205._o l._n 15._o r._n have_v reteme_v p._n 240_o l._n 22._o r._n sylvester_n p._n 241._o l._n 5._o r._n ornament_v ibid._n l._n 30._o r._n candlestick_n p._n 242._o l._n 15._o deal_n with_o p._n 251._o l._n 8._o r._n pestilence_n p._n 259._o l._n 15_o r._n soever_o p._n 266._o l._n 17._o r._n many_o p._n 272._o l._n 1._o for_o for_o r._n the_o p._n 289._o l._n 24._o r._n thereupon_o p._n 305._o l._n 30._o r._n conversion_n ibid._n l._n 32._o for_o be_v r._n were_z p._n 306._o l._n 1._o r._n religion_n ibid._n l._n 17._o r._n hungarian_n p._n 307._o l._n 13._o r._n can_v p._n 310._o l._n 2._o r._n canon_n ibid._n l._n 31._o r._n how_o miserable_o p._n 313._o l._n 30._o r._n barbarous_a p._n 314._o l._n 2._o r._n do_v that_o ibid._n l._n 6._o r._n modesty_n p._n 318._o l._n 10._o r._n chaplain_n p._n 322._o l._n 6._o r._n our_o way_n of_o live_v p._n 326._o l._n 20._o r._n journey_n ibid._n l._n 26._o r._n travel_n p._n 327._o l._n 32._o r._n upon_o they_o p._n 328._o l._n 15._o r._n bear_v p._n 330._o l._n 28._o r._n assistance_n p._n 332._o l._n 31._o r._n multitude_n the_o behaviour_n and_o manner_n of_o the_o christian_n part_v the_o first_o i_o shall_v divide_v my_o work_n into_o four_o part_n the_o first_o will_v represent_v the_o manner_n i._o i._o of_o the_o christian_n of_o jerusalem_n to_o the_o whole_a the_o division_n of_o the_o whole_a destruction_n of_o that_o city_n under_o vespasian_n this_o first_o state_n of_o christianity_n though_o but_o of_o a_o short_a continuance_n be_v so_o supereminent_a in_o its_o perfection_n that_o it_o will_v deserve_v a_o separate_a consideration_n the_o second_o will_v take_v in_o all_o the_o time_n of_o the_o persecution_n that_o be_v the_o entire_a space_n of_o three_o century_n in_o the_o three_o i_o shall_v describe_v the_o state_n of_o the_o church_n in_o its_o liberty_n which_o commence_v in_o the_o four_o age._n and_o in_o the_o last_o consider_v the_o change_n it_o afterward_o undergo_v and_o endeavour_v to_o discover_v the_o cause_n of_o they_o the_o christian_a religion_n as_o it_o be_v not_o the_o invention_n of_o man_n but_o the_o work_n of_o ii_o ii_o god_n so_o like_o the_o universe_n it_o have_v its_o full_a jerulem_fw-la the_o first_o part_n the_o church_n of_o jerulem_fw-la perfection_n in_o its_o first_o birth_n and_o be_v most_o glorious_a in_o its_o early_a production_n it_o be_v not_o to_o be_v imagine_v say_v tertullian_n that_o the_o
their_o distinct_a belief_n of_o the_o resurrection_n wear_v out_o that_o aversion_n among_o the_o christian_n which_o the_o ancient_n even_o the_o israelite_n themselves_o have_v for_o dead_a body_n and_o grave_n to_o finish_v the_o character_n of_o these_o first_o clerk_n xxv_o their_o bishop_n priest_n &_o clerk_n time_n i_o must_v necessary_o add_v a_o word_n or_o two_o concern_v the_o pastor_n and_o minister_n of_o the_o church_n origen_n make_v the_o comparison_n before_o mention_v of_o the_o profane_a 130._o contr._n cell_n three_o p._n 130._o ecclesias_fw-la with_o the_o christian_a church_n open_o aver_v it_o as_o a_o thing_n undeniable_a that_o those_o who_o preside_v over_o the_o christian_a church_n have_v in_o reality_n that_o eminency_n of_o worth_n and_o virtue_n above_o other_o which_o the_o magistrate_n of_o city_n have_v only_o in_o name_n and_o show_v and_o this_o he_o speak_v in_o his_o book_n against_o celsus_n where_o he_o have_v ridiculous_o expose_v himself_o to_o the_o heathen_n have_v not_o the_o thing_n be_v manifest_o so._n it_o be_v indeed_o plain_a matter_n of_o fact_n the_o one_o and_o thirty_o pope_n who_o fill_v up_o the_o three_o first_o age_n be_v all_o but_o two_o of_o they_o martyr_n and_o during_o the_o six_o age_n follow_v to_o the_o nine_o century_n there_o be_v not_o above_o three_o or_o four_o of_o they_o who_o the_o church_n have_v not_o acknowledge_v for_o saint_n most_o of_o the_o bishop_n mention_v in_o history_n for_o the_o three_o first_o age_n stand_v upon_o record_n for_o singular_a example_n of_o virtue_n and_o piety_n so_o that_o the_o emperor_n alexander_n severus_n alex._n lamprid_n in_o alex._n propose_v the_o christian_n method_n of_o choose_v their_o clergy_n as_o a_o example_n of_o the_o care_n which_o ought_v to_o be_v take_v of_o inquire_v into_o the_o manner_n and_o qualification_n of_o all_o person_n to_o be_v admit_v into_o public_a employment_n they_o choose_v therefore_o 35._o tertul._n ap._n c_o thirty-nine_o v._o orig._n contr._n cell_n lib._n 8._o in_o fi_fw-la cypr._n ep._n 33_o 34_o 35._o to_o put_v into_o the_o sacred_a function_n those_o christian_n who_o sanctity_n be_v more_o eminent_o remarkable_a and_o who_o virtue_n be_v the_o most_o approve_a this_o honour_n be_v ordinary_o the_o recompense_n of_o such_o confessor_n who_o faith_n have_v be_v sufficient_o prove_v by_o torment_n such_o be_v aurelius_n and_o celerinus_n who_o st._n cyprian_n make_v reader_n the_o last_o of_o who_o have_v his_o body_n deep_o mark_v with_o many_o scar_n for_o the_o testimony_n of_o his_o constancy_n beside_o that_o his_o grandmother_n and_o his_o two_o uncle_n be_v glorious_a martyr_n such_o be_v numidicus_n the_o priest_n who_o exhort_v and_o persuade_v many_o other_o to_o suffer_v martyrdom_n and_o his_o own_o wise_a among_o the_o rest_n be_v himself_o lead_v with_o they_o to_o the_o place_n of_o execution_n and_o there_o leave_v for_o dead_a xxxiii_o cypr._n ep._n xxxiii_o the_o bishop_n often_o choose_v his_o clerk_n at_o the_o instance_n of_o the_o people_n at_o least_o not_o without_o their_o knowledge_n and_o always_o with_o the_o advice_n of_o his_o clergy_n but_o whether_o the_o person_n themselves_o to_o be_v ordain_v be_v desirous_a of_o it_o or_o not_o that_o they_o little_o regard_v they_o do_v not_o only_o not_o wait_v till_o they_o shall_v offer_v themselves_o to_o ordination_n but_o many_o time_n partly_o by_o force_n partly_o by_o artifice_n constrain_v they_o to_o take_v holy_a order_n upon_o they_o even_o against_o their_o own_o will_n so_o that_o some_o person_n so_o ordain_v can_v never_o prevail_v with_o themselves_o to_o exercise_v their_o function_n 68_o cypr._n ep_v 68_o the_o bishop_n be_v choose_v in_o the_o presence_n of_o the_o people_n by_o the_o bishop_n of_o the_o province_n assemble_v together_o in_o the_o vacant_a etc._n con._n ap._n viij_o â—_o 4_o etc._n etc._n church_n at_o least_o to_o the_o number_n of_o two_o or_o three_o of_o they_o for_o it_o be_v not_o easy_a in_o those_o time_n to_o hold_v great_a synod_n unless_o in_o the_o interval_n of_o the_o persecution_n and_o therefore_o sometime_o the_o see_v of_o the_o ancient_a 31._o greg._n tur._n x._o hist_o c._n 31._o church_n have_v continue_v vacant_a a_o long_a time_n together_o the_o ordination_n be_v always_o precede_v 74._o act._n xiii_o 2_o 3._o v._n bar._n a_o xliv_o n._n 74._o by_o a_o fast_a and_o accompany_v with_o prayer_n these_o prayer_n be_v general_o continue_v from_o the_o saturday-eve_n to_o the_o sunday_n follow_v all_o that_o night_n they_o pass_v in_o watch_v and_o pray_v and_o the_o next_o day_n come_v on_o the_o ordination_n the_o principal_a ceremony_n whereof_o have_v always_o be_v the_o imposition_n of_o hand_n the_o ordination_n be_v follow_v by_o the_o sacrifice_n the_o bishop_n ordain_v no_o more_o priest_n deacon_n or_o other_o clerk_n then_o just_a so_o many_o as_o be_v necessary_a for_o the_o service_n of_o his_o church_n that_o be_v to_o say_v for_o all_o his_o diocese_n this_o number_n be_v not_o great_a since_o in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o pope_n st._n cornelius_n 43._o euseb_n vi_fw-la hist._n c._n 43._o anno_fw-la christi_fw-la 250_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n have_v but_o forty_o six_o priest_n and_o but_o one_o hundred_o fity_n four_o clergy_n of_o all_o sort_n though_o the_o people_n belong_v to_o it_o be_v vast_o numerous_a the_o bishop_n be_v pontifical_a lib._n pontifical_a much_o more_o numerous_a in_o proportion_n every_o city_n that_o have_v any_o considerable_a number_n of_o christian_n in_o it_o have_v also_o its_o bishop_n hence_o it_o be_v that_o in_o the_o live_v of_o the_o first_o pope_n we_o find_v more_o bishop_n ordain_v by_o they_o than_o priest_n they_o ordain_v priest_n only_o for_o their_o own_o diocese_n but_o make_v bishop_n for_o the_o great_a part_n of_o italy_n the_o clergy_n depend_v entire_o upon_o the_o bishop_n live_v under_o his_o direction_n in_o the_o nature_n of_o disciple_n and_o it_o be_v his_o business_n to_o instruct_v and_o discipline_n they_o to_o advance_v they_o from_o one_o degree_n to_o another_o and_o allot_v to_o every_o one_o their_o different_a function_n according_a to_o the_o different_a talent_n he_o find_v in_o they_o the_o young_a martyr_n that_o suffer_v with_o st._n babylas_n valente_n martyr_n xxiv_o jan._n iii._o feb._n thirty_o apr._n de_fw-fr s._n laurent_n xi_o mai._n de_fw-fr s._n valente_n st._n blaesus_n and_o with_o some_o other_o saint_n be_v manifest_o some_o of_o those_o which_o be_v breed_v up_o for_o holy_a order_n the_o clergy_n ordain_v by_o one_o bishop_n can_v not_o without_o his_o permission_n quit_v he_o to_o go_v serve_v under_o another_o and_o one_o bishop_n so_o receive_v another_o bishop_n clergy_n will_v have_v be_v condemn_v as_o a_o kind_n of_o fourteen_o can._n apost_n fourteen_o theft_n yet_o this_o authority_n of_o the_o bishop_n over_o their_o clergy_n be_v no_o arbritrary_a and_o despotic_a 3._o 1_o pet._n v._o 3._o power_n but_o a_o government_n mix_v with_o love_n the_o ecclesiastic_n share_v some_o part_n of_o the_o authority_n with_o the_o bishop_n since_o he_o do_v nothing_o of_o importance_n without_o their_o advice_n the_o priest_n especial_o be_v consult_v with_o who_o make_v as_o it_o be_v the_o church_n senate_n the_o priest_n be_v so_o venerable_a and_o the_o bishop_n so_o humble_a that_o to_o common_a appearance_n there_o be_v but_o little_a difference_n between_o they_o nay_o the_o clergy_n have_v some_o kind_n of_o authority_n over_o the_o bishop_n himself_o be_v the_o continual_a inspector_n both_o of_o his_o life_n and_o doctrine_n they_o attend_v on_o 28._o const_n apos_n two_o c._n 28._o he_o in_o all_o his_o public_a function_n as_o officer_n do_v on_o the_o magistrate_n or_o rather_o as_o disciple_n on_o their_o master_n for_o the_o clerk_n be_v to_o the_o bishop_n as_o the_o apostle_n to_o jesus_n christ_n his_o constant_a attendant_n if_o therefore_o any_o bishop_n shall_v have_v presume_v either_o to_o teach_v or_o practise_v any_o thing_n contrary_a to_o apostolical_a tradition_n the_o more_o elderly_a of_o the_o priest_n and_o deacon_n will_v present_o have_v remonstrate_v against_o it_o they_o will_v first_o in_o a_o friendly_a manner_n have_v advertise_v he_o of_o his_o error_n if_o that_o take_v no_o effect_n they_o will_v have_v make_v their_o complaint_n against_o he_o to_o the_o other_o bishop_n or_o at_o last_o have_v accuse_v he_o before_o a_o council_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o clergy_n lead_v the_o ascetique_a life_n feed_v only_o on_o pulse_n or_o dry_a diet_n fast_v often_o and_o practise_v other_o such_o like_a austerity_n as_o far_o as_o the_o great_a labour_n of_o their_o calling_n will_v admit_v of_o above_o all_o continence_n be_v in_o a_o more_o especial_a manner_n require_v of_o bishop_n priest_n and_o deacon_n not_o but_o that_o marry_a person_n be_v often_o advance_v to_o
east_n end_n be_v the_o altar_n and_o behind_o that_o the_o presbytery_n or_o sanctuary_n where_o the_o priest_n sit_v in_o time_n of_o divine_a service_n with_o their_o bishop_n in_o the_o middle_a of_o they_o who_o chair_n be_v at_o the_o very_a end_n of_o the_o basilique_a and_o terminate_v the_o prospect_n of_o they_o that_o come_v in_o at_o the_o principal_a door_n there_o be_v before_o the_o altar_n a_o partition_n enclose_v within_o balaster_n which_o we_o may_v call_v the_o choir_n or_o chancel_n cancelli_fw-la cancelli_fw-la and_o in_o the_o middle_a of_o the_o entrance_n into_o it_o stand_v the_o pulpit_n or_o ambo._n for_o the_o read_n the_o public_a lesson_n which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o tribunal_n seat_n erect_v on_o high_a above_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o congregation_n and_o have_v a_o pair_n of_o by-staire_n on_o each_o side_n sometime_o they_o make_v two_o of_o these_o pulpit_n mai._n deser_n s._n mar._n mai._n over_o against_o one_o another_o with_o a_o little_a void_a space_n between_o they_o so_o as_o to_o leave_v the_o middle_a open_a that_o the_o altar_n may_v not_o be_v out_o of_o sight_n on_o the_o right_a hand_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o the_o leave_v of_o the_o people_n stand_v the_o desk_n for_o the_o gospel_n and_o on_o the_o other_o side_n that_o for_o the_o epistle_n behind_o the_o pulpit_n up_o to_o the_o altar_n be_v the_o place_n for_o the_o sing_a man_n who_o be_v clerk_n also_o but_o ordain_v only_o to_o this_o office_n the_o altar_n be_v a_o rich_a table_n of_o gold_n or_o silver_n ornament_v with_o precious_a stone_n it_o be_v at_o worst_a of_o marble_n or_o porphyry_n for_o they_o think_v they_o can_v never_o employ_v matter_n good_a enough_o for_o the_o bear_n of_o the_o holy_a of_o holies_n and_o the_o ceremony_n they_o use_v in_o the_o consecration_n of_o altar_n sufficient_o declare_v in_o what_o veneration_n they_o hold_v they_o the_o holy_a table_n be_v always_o keep_v uncover_v but_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o sacrifice_n it_o stand_v upon_o four_o foot_n or_o little_a pillar_n as_o rich_a in_o proportion_n as_o the_o table_n its_o self_n and_o it_o be_v place_v if_o possible_a over_o the_o grave_a of_o some_o martyr_n for_o as_o they_o have_v be_v former_o accustom_v to_o meet_v at_o their_o tomb_n so_o now_o they_o build_v their_o church_n there_o or_o else_o translate_v their_o body_n to_o the_o place_n where_o they_o build_v they_o and_o thence_o it_o come_v to_o be_v a_o state_v rule_n never_o to_o consecrate_v a_o altar_n without_o put_v relic_n under_o it_o and_o these_o tomb_n of_o the_o saint_n they_o call_v memoriae_fw-la or_o confession_n they_o be_v lay_v under_o ground_n and_o there_o be_v a_o way_n jul._n baron_fw-fr in_o martyr_n 6._o jul._n down_o to_o they_o open_v before_o the_o altar_n which_o stand_v direct_o over_o they_o there_o be_v nothing_o stand_v inmediate_o upon_o the_o altar_n itself_o but_o it_o be_v surround_v with_o four_o pillar_n at_o the_o four_o corner_n of_o it_o support_v a_o kind_n of_o tabernacle_n that_o cover_v the_o whole_a compass_n of_o the_o altar_n and_o be_v call_v the_o cupelo_n from_o its_o resemling_n in_o figure_n a_o cup_n reverse_v behind_o the_o altar_n as_o i_o say_v before_o be_v the_o place_n for_o the_o priest_n and_o here_o the_o roof_n be_v build_v low_a than_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o church_n and_o be_v call_v the_o concha_n as_o be_v in_o the_o form_n of_o a_o scallop-shell_n or_o the_o absis_fw-la from_o the_o arch_n with_o which_o the_o front_n of_o it_o be_v terminate_v this_o end_n of_o the_o church_n be_v also_o call_v the_o tribunal_n because_o in_o the_o heathen_a palace_n it_o be_v the_o place_n where_o the_o magistrate_n with_o his_o officer_n about_o he_o sit_v in_o judicature_n this_o part_n of_o the_o church_n be_v raise_v somewhat_o high_a than_o the_o rest_n so_o that_o the_o bishop_n come_v down_o some_o rom._n ordo_fw-la rom._n step_n from_o thence_o to_o the_o altar_n all_o this_o be_v set_v off_o with_o magnificent_a ornament_n the_o cupelo_n and_o the_o pillar_n that_o sustain_v it_o be_v often_o all_o of_o silver_n some_o of_o they_o weigh_v three_o four_o anast._n in_o silve_v &_o in_o leone_n iii._o etc._n etc._n id._n in_o steph._n four_o thousand_o mark_n between_o these_o pillar_n hang_v curtain_n of_o the_o rich_a stuff_n draw_v on_o all_o side_n to_o keep_v the_o altar_n from_o be_v see_v the_o cupelo_n be_v adorn_v with_o several_a image_n and_o other_o piece_n of_o art_n wrought_v in_o gold_n or_o silver_n and_o the_o top_n of_o it_o be_v make_v in_o resemblance_n of_o the_o cross_n there_o be_v hang_v also_o over_o the_o altar_n gold_n or_o silver_n dove_n to_o v._n conc._n constantin_n a_o 536._o act._n v._n represent_v the_o holy_a ghost_n here_o some_o time_n they_o lay_v up_o the_o eucharist_n for_o the_o sick_a and_o sometime_o keep_v it_o in_o plain_a box_n like_o our_o pix_n sometime_o the_o whole_a absis_fw-la be_v all_o overlay_v with_o silver_n or_o at_o least_o face_v with_o marble_n as_o be_v also_o the_o concha_n the_o pillar_n that_o support_v the_o church_n be_v of_o marble_n with_o capital_n of_o brass_n guilt_n with_o gold_n it_o be_v pave_v with_o marble_n and_o many_o time_n the_o inside_n of_o the_o wall_n be_v rough_a cast_v with_o polish_a stone_n they_o most_o affect_v in_o their_o church_n especial_o in_o the_o follow_a age_n the_o mosaick-work_n musivum_fw-la opus_fw-la musivum_fw-la which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o inlay_v with_o little_a piece_n of_o glass_n paint_v with_o divers_a colour_n and_o thus_o they_o can_v make_v all_o sort_n of_o figure_n that_o will_v never_o fade_v or_o decay_v not_o but_o that_o their_o church_n have_v other_o sort_n of_o painting_n beside_o this_o etc._n v._o roma_n subterr_v lib._n four_o cap._n 6._o 7._o etc._n etc._n their_o wall_n be_v all_o cover_v with_o they_o there_o be_v to_o be_v see_v on_o they_o divers_a history_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n and_o more_o especial_o such_o as_o be_v type_n of_o the_o mystery_n of_o the_o new_a as_o noah_n ark_n abraham_n sacrifice_n the_o passage_n through_o the_o red_a sea_n ionas_n cast_v into_o the_o sea_n daniel_n among_o the_o lion_n our_o saviour_n picture_n be_v in_o several_a place_n of_o the_o church_n and_o the_o representation_n of_o some_o of_o his_o miracle_n as_o the_o multiplication_n of_o the_o loaf_n the_o resurrection_n of_o lazarus_n eusebius_n assure_v we_o 18._o euseb_n seven_o hist_o c._n 18._o that_o from_o the_o very_a first_o time_n there_o be_v some_o who_o have_v the_o picture_n of_o st._n peter_n st._n paul_n and_o our_o saviour_n himself_o draw_v in_o colour_n the_o way_n of_o honour_v benefactor_n by_o preserve_v their_o picture_n have_v be_v as_o he_o observe_v a_o custom_n of_o a_o long_o stand_v in_o the_o world_n beside_o this_o every_o church_n have_v in_o particular_a paint_v upon_o its_o wall_n the_o history_n of_o the_o martyr_n who_o relic_n be_v thereunder_o deposit_v of_o which_o prudentius_n give_v hippoli_n prud._n peristeph_n ix_o de_fw-fr s._n cass_n ibid._n xi_o de_fw-fr s._n hippoli_n we_o two_o lively_a representation_n in_o the_o example_n of_o st._n cassian_n and_o st._n hippolytus_n these_o painting_n be_v design_v chief_o for_o the_o use_n of_o the_o more_o ignorant_a to_o who_o they_o serve_v instead_o of_o book_n as_o pope_n gregory_n the_o second_o argue_v on_o their_o behalf_n two_o greg._n two_o ep_v i._o in_o conc._n nic._n two_o in_o his_o epistle_n to_o the_o emperor_n leo._n the_o author_n of_o the_o opinion_n of_o the_o iconoclast_n man_n and_o woman_n say_v he_o hold_v in_o their_o arm_n their_o new_a baptise_a child_n point_v out_o to_o they_o those_o paint_a history_n show_v they_o to_o other_o young_a people_n or_o to_o the_o gentile_a stranger_n and_o thus_o they_o instruct_v and_o edify_v they_o and_o raise_v up_o their_o thought_n and_o heart_n to_o god_n the_o door_n of_o the_o church_n be_v adorn_v with_o ivory_n silver_n or_o gold_n and_o be_v always_o furnish_v with_o curtain_n at_o the_o principal_a gate_n be_v nou._n hieron_n ad_fw-la demetr_v paul_n natal_n iii._o and_o vi_o anast_n in_o leon._n iii._o baron_n ad_fw-la marty_n xviii_o nou._n place_v some_o relic_n and_o that_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o faithful_a always_o express_v some_o particular_a mark_n of_o respect_n upon_o their_o enter_v in_o at_o the_o door_n of_o the_o church_n the_o diaconicum_fw-la or_o sacristy_n be_v a_o considerable_a building_n adjoin_v to_o the_o church_n it_o be_v the_o repository_n for_o the_o consecrate_a vessel_n the_o book_n the_o habit_n of_o the_o priest_n and_o the_o other_o choice_a furniture_n of_o the_o church_n the_o oblation_n of_o the_o faithful_a be_v also_o keep_v there_o and_o sometime_o the_o eucharist_n there_o it_o be_v that_o
the_o bishop_n and_o his_o clergy_n usual_o meet_v to_o consult_v together_o about_o the_o affair_n of_o the_o church_n or_o to_o prepare_v themselves_o for_o the_o sacrifice_n as_o it_o be_v st._n martin_n custom_n mart._n sever._n de_fw-fr vita_fw-la s._n mart._n to_o pass_v three_o hour_n in_o pray_v by_o himself_o in_o the_o sacristy_a before_o mass_n and_o from_o this_o use_n of_o it_o we_o find_v it_o take_v the_o name_n of_o secretarium_fw-la some_o of_o they_o be_v so_o 66._o conc._n carthag_n con._n agath_fw-mi can_v 66._o spacious_a that_o council_n have_v be_v hold_v in_o they_o none_o but_o person_n in_o holy_a order_n may_v go_v into_o they_o or_o touch_v the_o consecrate_a vessel_n in_o some_o church_n there_o be_v two_o different_a apartment_n for_o these_o twelve_o paul_n ep_v twelve_o two_o several_a use_n one_o to_o lock_v up_o the_o consecrate_a vessel_n in_o and_o the_o other_o for_o the_o minister_n to_o retire_v into_o and_o meditate_v there_o or_o to_o meet_v together_o and_o consult_v they_o have_v a_o great_a number_n of_o calices_fw-la and_z patins_z which_o in_o the_o first_o time_n be_v often_o of_o no_o better_a material_n than_o glass_n but_o sometime_o also_o of_o silver_n or_o gold_n even_o during_o the_o persecution_n their_o calices_fw-la 20._o lib._n pont._n in_o mar._n &_o alibi_fw-la passim_fw-la lib._n 30_o lib._n 20._o be_v like_o the_o ordinary_a drink_v cup_n among_o the_o roman_n as_o their_z patins_z the_o dish_n in_o which_o they_o serve_v up_o their_o meat_n to_o table_n the_o calices_fw-la of_o the_o church_n be_v general_o of_o about_o the_o weight_n of_o three_o ounce_n three_o a_o mark_n weigh_v 8_o ounce_n mark_n but_o their_o patins_z be_v large_a deep_a dish_n weigh_v some_o of_o they_o forty_o five_o mark_n but_o common_o about_o thirty_o it_o be_v in_o these_o time_n that_o they_o bring_v into_o the_o church_n the_o use_n of_o wax_n taper_n great_a number_n of_o they_o always_o keep_v burn_v together_o and_o that_o iii._o v._o hier._n in_o vigilant_a c._n iii._o even_o at_o noonday_n and_o at_o the_o same_o time_n also_o many_o light_a lamp_n light_n and_o fire_n be_v the_o old_a symbol_n of_o joy_n they_o carry_v fire_n before_o the_o roman_a magistrate_n horace_n to_o redicule_n the_o vanity_n of_o the_o praetor_n of_o the_o little_a town_n of_o fundi_n very_o pleasant_o v._n prun_n eque_fw-la batillum_fw-la 1_o sat._n v._n describe_v he_o with_o his_o chaffing-dish_n of_o coal_n carry_v before_o he_o and_o the_o notitia_fw-la imperii_fw-la inform_v we_o that_o among_o the_o other_o badge_n of_o honour_n general_o be_v longing_n to_o the_o principal_a officer_n of_o state_n there_o be_v a_o table_n have_v upon_o it_o a_o book_n lie_v on_o a_o cushion_n sometime_o cover_v over_o with_o alarge_v veil_n sometime_o uncover_v and_o two_o candlestick_n stand_v by_o with_o light_a taper_n in_o they_o which_o near_o resemble_v our_o altar_n we_o find_v that_o there_o be_v in_o the_o primitive_a time_n golden_a candlestick_n of_o thirty_o seven_o mark_n weight_n a_o piece_n and_o silver_n once_o of_o forty_o five_o give_v to_o some_o church_n and_o in_o the_o province_n we_o find_v also_o mention_v make_v of_o perfume_a taper_n as_o at_o the_o baptism_n of_o clovis_n the_o baptistery_n be_v general_o build_v in_o two_o anastas_n in_o sylvestr_n greg._n tur._n lib._n two_o a_o round_a form_n have_v within_o it_o a_o place_n sink_v into_o the_o ground_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o a_o well_o with_o some_o step_n down_o to_o the_o water_n for_o indeed_o it_o be_v proper_o a_o bath_n in_o aftertime_n they_o content_v themselves_o with_o a_o large_a cistern_n of_o marble_n or_o porphyry_n as_o a_o kind_n of_o baignoire_n and_o at_o last_o they_o reduce_v it_o to_o a_o large_a basin_n much_o like_o our_o present_a font_n the_o baptistery_n be_v always_o beautify_v with_o painting_n agreeable_a to_o that_o sacrament_n and_o furnish_v with_o a_o great_a deal_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n plate_n to_o keep_v both_o the_o consecrate_a oil_n in_o and_o the_o water_n these_o be_v often_o 1._o paulin._n ep_v twelve_o lib._n pont._n in_o innoc._n i._n &_o at_o psal_n xlii_o 1._o make_v in_o the_o form_n of_o lamb_n or_o heart_n to_o represent_v the_o lamb_n of_o god_n by_o who_o blood_n we_o be_v wash_v and_o to_o signify_v the_o long_n of_o devout_a soul_n after_o god_n as_o to_o use_v the_o expression_n of_o the_o psalmist_n the_o thirsty_a hart_n pant_v after_o the_o water_n brooks_n there_o be_v also_o to_o be_v see_v the_o image_n of_o st._n john_n baptist_n and_o a_o gold_n or_o silver_n dove_n hover_v over_o the_o sacred_a bagnio_fw-it to_o represent_v to_o the_o eye_n the_o history_n of_o the_o baptism_n of_o jesus_n christ_n and_o the_o power_n of_o the_o holy_a ghost_n descend_v upon_o the_o baptismal_a water_n and_o in_o allusion_n to_o the_o same_o history_n we_o find_v the_o font_n call_v by_o 535._o conc._n constantin_n a_o 535._o the_o name_n of_o the_o jordan_n much_o after_o this_o manner_n general_o speak_v do_v the_o ancient_n contrive_v their_o church_n and_o the_o building_n belong_v to_o they_o not_o to_o speak_v here_o of_o the_o bishop_n house_n and_o the_o lodging_n for_o his_o clergy_n whence_o come_v in_o after_o age_n the_o cloister_n of_o the_o cannon_n nor_o to_o mention_v the_o hospital_n of_o divers_a sort_n which_o be_v common_o seat_v near_o the_o principal_a church_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n the_o gentile_n upbraid_v the_o christian_n for_o have_v neither_o temple_n nor_o altar_n nor_o image_n nor_o sacrifice_n nor_o feast_n to_o which_o the_o christian_n viij_o orig._n in_o cels._n lib._n viij_o make_v no_o other_o answer_n but_o that_o neither_o temple_n nor_o material_a altar_n nor_o bloody_a sacrifice_n be_v worthy_a of_o the_o majesty_n of_o god_n that_o god_n can_v have_v no_o other_o image_n but_o his_o own_o son_n and_o reasonable_a soul_n who_o by_o imitate_v the_o son_n render_v themselves_o like_o unto_o the_o father_n that_o they_o do_v at_o all_o time_n and_o in_o all_o place_n offer_v up_o to_o god_n the_o sacrifice_n of_o praise_n upon_o the_o altar_n of_o their_o heart_n burn_v with_o the_o fire_n of_o charity_n in_o fine_a that_o the_o true_a christian_n do_v keep_v every_o day_n a_o feast_n by_o their_o disengagement_n from_o the_o affair_n of_o this_o world_n by_o the_o rest_n of_o a_o good_a conscience_n and_o their_o rejoice_n in_o the_o hope_n of_o heaven_n this_o be_v the_o defence_n the_o christian_n make_v for_o themselves_o against_o the_o reproach_n of_o the_o heathen_n they_o do_v not_o pretend_v to_o say_v we_o have_v temple_n and_o altar_n as_o well_o as_o you_o though_o not_o of_o the_o same_o form_n and_o figure_n to_o have_v say_v so_o will_v have_v give_v the_o heathen_n quite_o different_a conception_n concern_v our_o religion_n from_o what_o it_o be_v in_o reality_n a_o altar_n with_o they_o be_v a_o firehearth_n of_o stone_n erect_v either_o before_o some_o idol_n or_o before_o some_o temple_n but_o always_o in_o the_o open_a air_n design_v for_o the_o burn_a of_o their_o victim_n and_o to_o pour_v wine_n milk_n honey_n or_o other_o sort_n of_o libation_n upon_o it_o a_o temple_n be_v a_o round_a or_o oblong_a building_n where_o the_o bigness_n figure_n and_o proportion_n be_v particular_a according_a to_o the_o different_a divinity_n to_o which_o they_o be_v consecrate_a as_o one_o may_v see_v in_o vitruvius_n they_o be_v for_o vitruu._n vitruu._n the_o most_o part_n of_o small_a extent_n make_v without_o window_n or_o at_o least_o admit_v little_a light_n nor_o do_v they_o contain_v any_o thing_n in_o they_o but_o the_o idol_n and_o thing_n offer_v to_o they_o the_o people_n never_o enter_v they_o but_o remain_v without_o surround_v the_o altar_n our_o church_n be_v more_o like_o the_o public_a school_n or_o town-hall_n design_v for_o business_n which_o the_o ancient_n call_v basilicae_n aug._n virtruv_n lib._n v._n c_o i._n baron_n ad_fw-la martyr_n v._o aug._n and_o the_o description_n of_o they_o be_v also_o give_v we_o by_o vitruvius_n they_o see_v in_o our_o church_n a_o tribunal_n raise_v up_o on_o high_a with_o a_o chair_n for_o he_o that_o preside_v in_o the_o assembly_n a_o desk_n for_o the_o reader_n bench_n for_o the_o auditor_n book_n press_n lamp_n and_o candlestick_n and_o among_o other_o thing_n a_o table_n the_o use_n of_o which_o they_o that_o be_v stranger_n to_o our_o religion_n can_v not_o tell_v what_o to_o make_v of_o only_o conclude_v in_o general_a that_o it_o be_v for_o take_v some_o kind_n of_o repast_n upon_o among_o ourselves_o the_o christian_n do_v not_o agree_v in_o the_o same_o name_n with_o the_o heathen_n they_o give_v to_o the_o place_n of_o their_o public_a assembly_n the_o name_n of_o ecclesia_fw-la basilica_n oratory_n martyriam_fw-la titulus_fw-la
flatter_v sense_n but_o to_o assist_v it_o this_o will_v better_o appear_v in_o describe_v the_o whole_a form_n and_o manner_n of_o their_o outward_a worship_n they_o offer_v the_o sacrifice_n every_o sunday_n xviii_o xxx_o their_o liturgy_n and_o outward_a form_n of_o worship_n v._o s._n epiph._n haeres_fw-la in_o fi_fw-la bona_fw-la i._o liturg_n c._n xviii_o on_o all_o the_o feast_n of_o the_o martyr_n on_o all_o fast_a day_n or_o often_o as_o the_o custom_n of_o every_o church_n in_o particular_a require_v they_o have_v also_o both_o upon_o public_a and_o private_a occasion_n their_o votive_a mass_n sometime_o they_o have_v many_o mass_n 〈◊〉_d the_o same_o day_n as_o when_o the_o office_n of_o a_o saint_n fall_v upon_o some_o other_o festival_n or_o when_o there_o be_v a_o burial_n it_o be_v always_o â—â—her_o the_o bishop_n himself_o or_o one_o and_o the_o 〈◊〉_d priest_n that_o perform_v they_o all_o as_o it_o be_v still_o observe_v by_o we_o on_o christmas-day_n on_o sunday_n and_o the_o other_o festival_n mass_n be_v say_v about_o nine_o or_o ten_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o morning_n on_o fast_a day_n late_a for_o 1680._o v._o cod._n sacram_fw-la edit_fw-la rom._n 1680._o they_o be_v not_o to_o eat_v on_o those_o day_n till_o after_o evening_n service_n past_o three_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o afternoon_n the_o hour_n be_v come_v the_o people_n meet_v together_o at_o the_o principal_a church_n to_o attend_v the_o bishop_n with_o all_o his_o clergy_n to_o the_o place_n where_o the_o station_n for_o that_o day_n be_v appoint_v and_o after_o this_o manner_n the_o bishop_n take_v his_o ro._n v._o ord._n ro._n round_n and_o visit_v all_o his_o church_n one_o by_o one_o every_o one_o in_o its_o course_n and_o that_o this_o progress_n may_v be_v orderly_o make_v and_o in_o a_o full_a body_n procession_n be_v institute_v as_o they_o be_v enter_v the_o church_n and_o take_v their_o place_n the_o choir_n sing_v a_o psalm_n with_o its_o anthem_n which_o from_o thence_o take_v its_o name_n of_o the_o introit_n the_o lvii_o const_n ap._n two_o c._n lvii_o deacon_n and_o their_o assistant_n the_o subdeacons_n and_o door_n keeper_n give_v every_o one_o his_o place_n in_o order_n as_o they_o come_v so_o that_o all_o be_v do_v without_o any_o thing_n of_o confusion_n be_v all_o seat_v there_o they_o pray_v for_o some_o time_n in_o silence_n every_o man_n to_o himself_o then_o the_o bishop_n salute_v the_o people_n and_o put_v a_o end_n to_o their_o private_a prayer_n pronounce_v with_o a_o loud_a voice_n his_o public_a prayer_n which_o from_o thence_o take_v its_o name_n of_o the_o collect._n then_o the_o bishop_n seat_v himself_o on_o his_o throne_n that_o stand_v at_o the_o very_a end_n of_o the_o church_n and_o terminate_v the_o prospect_n of_o the_o whole_a congregation_n thus_o every_o bishop_n be_v as_o it_o be_v the_o visible_a image_n of_o 7._o 1_o cor._n xi_o 1._o 1_o tim._n four_o 12._o tit._n two_o 7._o god_n in_o his_o church_n place_v there_o eminent_o as_o st._n paul_n express_v it_o to_o be_v the_o pattern_n to_o his_o own_o flock_n as_o jesus_n christ_n be_v to_o he_o the_o priest_n be_v seat_v on_o each_o side_n about_o he_o some_o on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o other_o on_o the_o left_a in_o the_o semicircle_n of_o the_o absis_fw-la and_o next_o to_o they_o stand_v the_o deacon_n thus_o the_o church_n seem_v to_o resemble_v that_o image_n of_o paradise_n give_v we_o four_o apoc._n four_o by_o st._n john_n in_o the_o apocalypse_n the_o bishop_n on_o his_o throne_n with_o a_o book_n in_o his_o hand_n as_o the_o father_n be_v common_o paint_v represent_v that_o figure_n of_o a_o man_n under_o which_o god_n appear_v the_o priest_n be_v that_o august_n senate_n design_v by_o the_o four_o and_o twenty_o elder_n the_o deacon_n and_o other_o officer_n be_v the_o angel_n stand_v always_o in_o a_o readiness_n to_o receive_v iii._o ordo_fw-la rom._n apoc._n viij_o iii._o and_o execute_v the_o order_n of_o god_n before_o the_o bishop_n throne_n stand_v seven_o candlestick_n and_o the_o altar_n on_o which_o they_o offer_v the_o incense_n that_o symbol_n of_o prayer_n v._n apoc._n v._n where_o they_o be_v afterward_o though_o under_o a_o borrow_a form_n to_o offer_v the_o unspotted_a lamb_n of_o god_n under_o the_o same_o altar_n be_v the_o body_n of_o the_o martyr_n as_o under_o that_o st._n john_n see_v be_v the_o soul_n of_o those_o to_o who_o it_o be_v say_v that_o they_o shall_v rest_v jul._n apoc._n vi_fw-la ix_o baron_fw-fr ad_fw-la martyr_n vi_fw-la jul._n yet_o for_o a_o little_a season_n and_o last_o the_o number_n of_o the_o faithful_a which_o fill_v the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o church_n represent_v the_o innumerable_a multitude_n of_o the_o bless_a who_o be_v clothe_v in_o white_a robe_n and_o 9_o apoc._n seven_o 9_o with_o palm_n in_o their_o hand_n sing_v with_o a_o loud_a voice_n the_o praise_n of_o their_o marker_n such_o be_v the_o face_n then_o of_o their_o church-assembly_n the_o whole_a congregation_n be_v seat_v the_o reader_n go_v up_o to_o the_o desk_n and_o read_v a_o lesson_n first_o out_o of_o the_o old-testament_n and_o after_o that_o another_o out_o of_o the_o new_a that_o be_v out_o of_o the_o act_n or_o epistle_n of_o the_o apostle_n for_o the_o read_n of_o the_o gospel_n be_v reserve_v to_o some_o priest_n or_o deacon_n to_o render_v these_o lesson_n the_o more_o agreeable_a and_o to_o give_v the_o people_n leisure_n to_o meditate_v upon_o they_o and_o the_o reader_n some_o respite_n there_o be_v intermingle_v with_o they_o psalm_n anthem_n and_o the_o sing_n of_o allelujas_n which_o be_v afterward_o place_v before_o the_o gospel_n all_o these_o lesson_n of_o the_o scripture_n be_v read_v in_o the_o vulgar_a language_n that_o be_v in_o the_o language_n speak_v by_o the_o better_a sort_n of_o people_n in_o every_o country_n for_o though_o in_o africa_n the_o punic_a language_n be_v vulgar_o speak_v among_o the_o inferior_a sort_n of_o people_n in_o the_o time_n of_o st._n austin_n yet_o we_o do_v not_o find_v that_o it_o be_v use_v in_o the_o church_n but_o in_o thebais_n the_o scripture_n must_v needs_o have_v be_v read_v in_o the_o egyptian_a language_n since_o st._n antony_n i._n vi._n s._n ant._n c._n i._n who_o understand_v no_o other_o be_v convert_v by_o his_o have_v hear_v the_o gospel_n read_v in_o the_o church_n in_o the_o upper_a syria_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o bishop_n understand_v nothing_o of_o greek_a nor_o of_o any_o other_o language_n but_o the_o syriack_n as_o it_o appear_v by_o the_o council_n where_o they_o be_v force_v to_o make_v use_n of_o x._o council_n eph_n council_n cal._n ced_a act._n x._o interpreter_n after_o the_o lesson_n the_o sermon_n begin_v sermon_n xxxi_o their_o sermon_n the_o bishop_n expound_v the_o gospel_n or_o some_o other_o part_n of_o scripture_n and_o often_o continue_v a_o course_n of_o exposition_n upon_o some_o entire_a book_n of_o the_o bible_n from_o the_o begin_n to_o the_o end_n or_o else_o pass_v over_o some_o part_n of_o it_o he_o make_v choice_n of_o the_o most_o important_a subject_n of_o these_o continue_a exposition_n we_o have_v example_n in_o many_o of_o st._n chrysostom_n homily_n in_o st._n austin_n upon_o the_o psalm_n upon_o st._n john_n and_o upon_o the_o epistle_n of_o st._n paul_n in_o st._n ambrose_n we_o have_v a_o select_a argument_n which_o begin_v with_o the_o six_o day_n work_v in_o imitation_n of_o st._n basil_n then_o the_o exposition_n proceed_v to_o the_o history_n of_o noah_n abraham_n and_o the_o other_o more_o illustrious_a saint_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n but_o still_o observe_v the_o order_n of_o the_o holy_a bible_n the_o great_a part_n of_o those_o tract_n and_o commentary_n of_o the_o father_n upon_o the_o scripture_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o sermon_n preach_v to_o their_o people_n which_o they_o afterward_o reduce_v into_o form_n or_o be_v take_v down_o in_o write_v as_o they_o speak_v they_o by_o the_o art_n of_o short_a hand_n before_o mention_v these_o holy_a preacher_n be_v none_o of_o your_o idle_a haranguer_n like_o the_o sophist_n of_o the_o profane_a school_n who_o fill_v the_o world_n with_o endless_a dispute_n only_o out_o of_o a_o vain_a emulation_n of_o contradict_v and_o refine_n upon_o each_o other_o notion_n or_o like_o those_o who_o labour_v in_o their_o closet_n to_o show_v their_o learning_n and_o fine_a part_n these_o prelate_n 55._o v._o aug._n the_o oper_n monach_n c._n 29._o &_o epis_n ad_fw-la diosc_n v._o synes_n ep._n 55._o be_v laborious_a pastor_n who_o have_v always_o their_o hand_n full_a of_o business_n and_o be_v too_o intent_n upon_o the_o work_n of_o charity_n to_o spend_v all_o their_o time_n in_o their_o study_n and_o they_o be_v principal_o employ_v upon_o that_o necessary_a
he_o to_o practice_v in_o private_a all_o the_o exercise_n of_o the_o monastic_a life_n without_o make_v any_o open_a show_n or_o profession_n of_o it_o and_o still_o lead_v in_o appearance_n the_o common_a life_n their_o continue_a course_n of_o fast_n tend_v in_o the_o first_o place_n to_o v._n cass_n jnstit_fw-la lib._n v._n subdue_v the_o sin_n of_o gluttony_n and_o then_o to_o prevent_v the_o temptation_n of_o impurity_n to_o render_v the_o soul_n more_o free_a and_o serene_a and_o in_o a_o proper_a condition_n to_o apply_v herself_o to_o spiritual_a thing_n however_o they_o use_v etc._n jdem_fw-la coll._n two_o c._n 1._o 7._o etc._n etc._n discretion_n in_o the_o matter_n and_o take_v care_n to_o keep_v the_o body_n in_o sufficient_a plight_v to_o bear_v up_o with_o their_o continual_a labour_n and_o short_a sleep_v without_o prejudice_v their_o health_n so_o that_o they_o live_v to_o a_o very_a great_a age_n without_o any_o sickness_n or_o disease_n in_o the_o live_v of_o the_o father_n we_o meet_v with_o a_o great_a number_n of_o these_o monk_n that_o live_v to_o fourscore_o or_o fourscore_o and_o ten_o year_n some_o to_o a_o hundred_o and_o other_o more_o these_o example_n we_o chief_o meet_v with_o among_o the_o aegyptan_a monk_n who_o be_v the_o most_o admire_a for_o their_o wisdom_n and_o who_o after_o mature_a deliberation_n upon_o long_a experience_n come_v to_o this_o conclusion_n that_o the_o diet_n of_o the_o monk_n shall_v be_v nineteeen_o cass_n coll._n two_o cap._n nineteeen_o limit_v to_o the_o eat_n of_o only_a two_o little_a loaf_n a_o day_n of_o six_o ounce_n a_o piece_n and_o that_o not_o till_o after_o three_o a_o clock_n and_o to_o the_o drink_n of_o nothing_o but_o water_n solitude_n they_o use_v as_o a_o remedy_n against_o the_o incitement_n of_o impurity_n and_o avarice_n endeavour_v as_o much_o as_o be_v possible_a to_o loose_v the_o very_a remembrance_n of_o object_n that_o may_v excite_v such_o temptation_n they_o also_o conquer_v avarice_n by_o their_o extreme_a poverty_n and_o by_o stick_v close_o to_o their_o rule_n of_o have_v nothing_o of_o their_o own_o and_o of_o distribute_v to_o the_o poor_a out_o of_o the_o gain_n of_o every_o day_n labour_v all_o that_o remain_v over_o and_o above_o their_o own_o subsistence_n and_o so_o considerable_a be_v lxvii_o de_fw-fr mor._n eccl._n i._n c._n lxvii_o these_o alm_n as_o st._n austin_n report_v that_o they_o freight_v whole_a vessel_n with_o they_o last_o they_o combat_v the_o passion_n of_o anger_n by_o their_o silence_n and_o by_o keep_v such_o company_n as_o oblige_v they_o to_o bear_v with_o one_o another_o sloth_n they_o encounter_v by_o continual_a labour_n sadnef_n by_o prayer_n and_o sing_v of_o psalm_n pride_n and_o matth._n v._o chrysost_n hom._n lxxii_o in_o matth._n vanity_n by_o the_o practice_n of_o a_o absolute_a obedience_n and_o severe_a mortification_n there_o be_v also_o some_o monk_n that_o wrought_v in_o husbandry_n and_o for_o hire_v in_o the_o harvest_n and_o vintage_n promiscuous_o with_o other_o labourer_n but_o the_o more_o perfect_a of_o they_o find_v their_o thought_n too_o much_o scatter_v by_o these_o employment_n and_o shut_v etc._n cass_n collatine_n xxiv_o de_fw-fr mortific_n c._n iii._o four_o etc._n etc._n themselves_o up_o in_o their_o cell_n make_v rush-mat_n wicker_n basket_n and_o such_o like_a thing_n which_o do_v not_o take_v they_o off_o from_o meditate_v upon_o the_o scripture_n and_o keep_v their_o soul_n always_o intent_n upon_o god_n there_o be_v none_o of_o they_o without_o some_o business_n or_o other_o and_o the_o least_o be_v transcribe_v book_n however_o the_o great_a part_n of_o they_o do_v not_o give_v themselves_o to_o study_n and_o many_o of_o they_o can_v not_o so_o much_o as_o read_v this_o way_n of_o live_v be_v so_o poor_a so_o laborious_a and_o mean_a to_o outward_a appearance_n bring_v they_o under_o the_o contempt_n of_o libertine_n and_o even_o of_o some_o vitup_a chrysos_fw-la advers._fw-la vitup_a christian_n themselves_o they_o make_v lewd_a jest_n of_o they_o they_o sometime_o proceed_v to_o violence_n even_o so_o far_o as_o to_o strike_v the_o monk_n to_o drag_v they_o out_o of_o their_o cell_n and_o hawl_v they_o before_o the_o magistrate_n but_o all_o this_o serve_v only_o to_o make_v their_o humility_n and_o patience_n more_o remarkable_a they_o be_v so_o much_o love_v and_o respect_v by_o all_o underderstand_a people_n and_o not_o only_o by_o the_o vulgar_a but_o even_o by_o person_n of_o quality_n nor_o by_o the_o laity_n only_o but_o also_o by_o the_o priest_n and_o bishop_n themselves_o that_o those_o of_o the_o great_a sanctity_n and_o capacity_n among_o they_o be_v often_o think_v fit_a to_o be_v advance_v to_o some_o public_a ministry_n in_o the_o church_n or_o even_o to_o the_o episcopal_a dignity_n then_o they_o quit_v their_o monastery_n and_o return_v to_o the_o commerce_n of_o the_o world_n live_v the_o same_o life_n with_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o patr_n v._o cass_n xvii_o collat._n 21._o ad_fw-la fidel_n patr_n clergy_n we_o see_v nothing_o of_o solemn_a vow_n in_o these_o first_o time_n st._n chrysostom_n speak_v of_o a_o monk_n return_v to_o the_o world_n as_o a_o thing_n of_o freedom_n he_o advise_v a_o father_n to_o engage_v his_o son_n in_o this_o holy_a manner_n of_o life_n as_o soon_o as_o he_o shall_v come_v to_o be_v in_o a_o state_n of_o sin_v at_o about_o ten_o year_n of_o age_n and_o to_o let_v he_o continue_v in_o it_o for_o the_o space_n of_o ten_o or_o twenty_o year_n till_o he_o be_v perfect_v and_o establish_v in_o goodness_n he_o himself_o quit_v the_o monastic_a life_n at_o the_o end_n of_o five_o year_n for_o the_o recovery_n of_o his_o health_n but_o one_o may_v see_v by_o the_o reprimand_n he_o give_v his_o friend_n theodorus_n how_o much_o those_o be_v to_o blame_v who_o through_o lightness_n disgust_n or_o any_o other_o unwarantable_a motive_n take_v leave_v of_o their_o virtue_n and_o a_o monastic_a life_n together_o the_o church_n put_v they_o under_o penance_n but_o as_o for_o civil_a punishment_n they_o have_v none_o but_o the_o disgrace_n of_o their_o inconstancy_n the_o sanctity_n of_o the_o monastic_a life_n appear_v with_o such_o a_o lustre_n that_o within_o eustoch_n v._o chrysost_n hom_n in_o ep_v ad_fw-la timoth._n august_n de_fw-fr mor._n eccl._n i._n c._n lxvii_o hier._n praef_n in_o reg_fw-la s._n pacom_a &_o epist_n ad_fw-la eustoch_n a_o short_a time_n there_o spread_v all_o over_o the_o east_n many_o thousand_o of_o monk_n and_o monastery_n the_o rule_n of_o st._n pacomus_n alone_o have_v under_o it_o fifty_o thousand_o monk_n distribute_v into_o several_a house_n under_o the_o government_n of_o one_o abbot_n who_o all_o meet_v together_o at_o easter_n to_o celebrate_v the_o christian_a passover_n the_o sound_n of_o these_o kind_n of_o monastery_n meet_v with_o no_o difficulty_n they_o have_v neither_o land_n nor_o possession_n to_o make_v patr_n chrysost_n ad_fw-la fid_fw-we patr_n they_o envy_v there_o want_v neither_o permission_n nor_o assistance_n to_o those_o that_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o forsake_v all_o and_o retire_v into_o uninhabited_a place_n and_o build_v themselves_o little_a wooden_a cell_n there_o or_o of_o reed_n or_o what_o the_o place_n afford_v to_o confine_v themselves_o to_o silence_n and_o labour_n and_o so_o to_o live_v not_o only_o not_o burdensome_a to_o any_o but_o to_o be_v very_o serviceable_a also_o to_o the_o public_a by_o those_o good_a work_n and_o charity_n before_o mention_v these_o monastery_n do_v in_o time_n so_o 53._o act._n conc._n v._o can_v 53._o multiply_v and_o spread_v themselves_o that_o there_o be_v of_o they_o also_o in_o inhabit_a place_n and_o in_o the_o neighbourhood_n of_o great_a gity_n thus_o it_o be_v not_o think_v reasonable_a that_o in_o plentiful_a country_n as_o italy_n sicily_n and_o greece_n they_o shall_v be_v debar_v the_o privilege_n but_o in_o what_o public_a place_n soeve_v they_o be_v the_o monk_n still_o keep_v to_o their_o solitary_a way_n confine_v themselves_o to_o their_o cloister_n and_o punctual_o observe_v their_o rule_n of_o silence_n when_o they_o be_v near_o enough_o to_o the_o city_n they_o come_v to_o the_o public_a church_n to_o hear_v the_o instruction_n of_o the_o bishop_n and_o to_o participate_v of_o the_o holy_a mystery_n they_o have_v their_o place_n allot_v they_o separate_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o congregation_n as_o the_o virgin_n and_o the_o widow_n have_v they_o but_o this_o vi_fw-la ambros._n ad_fw-la virg_n lap_n c._n vi_fw-la hinder_v they_o not_o to_o have_v in_o their_o own_o house_n oratory_n where_o at_o the_o state_v hour_n they_o all_o meet_v together_o and_o pray_v in_o common_a they_o that_o live_v far_o from_o town_n have_v among_o they_o priest_n to_o perform_v divine_a service_n and_o administer_v the_o sacrament_n and_o at_o last_o it_o be_v find_v
best-regulated_n monastery_n be_v those_o wherein_o the_o rule_n of_o silence_n be_v most_o rigorous_o observe_v the_o name_n of_o father_n or_o brother_n according_a to_o the_o difference_n of_o age_n or_o quality_n be_v of_o old_a the_o common_a appellation_n among_o christian_n they_o be_v very_o obedient_a to_o their_o prelate_n and_o to_o those_o that_o have_v a_o authority_n over_o they_o they_o be_v close_o cement_v in_o union_n among_o themselves_o forward_o in_o exercise_v hospitality_n towards_o their_o brethren_n and_o liberal_a in_o their_o alm_n to_o the_o poor_a of_o what_o sort_n soever_o all_o this_o we_o see_v still_o practise_v in_o the_o monastery_n but_o may_v it_o be_v say_v if_o the_o monk_n monk_n xliii_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o external_n singularity_n in_o the_o monk_n pretend_v to_o no_o more_o than_o to_o live_v like_o good_a christian_n why_o do_v they_o affect_v such_o singularity_n and_o distinction_n from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n why_o do_v they_o so_o distinguish_v themselves_o from_o their_o neighbour_n in_o matter_n which_o be_v indifferent_a what_o mean_v this_o singularity_n in_o habit_n and_o figure_n those_o peculiarity_n in_o their_o way_n of_o eat_v their_o hour_n of_o sleep_n the_o manner_n of_o their_o lodging_n in_o a_o word_n all_o that_o which_o make_v they_o look_v as_o if_o they_o be_v a_o different_a race_n of_o man_n from_o the_o rest_n of_o mankind_n another_o sort_n of_o christian_n scatter_v among_o all_o other_o christian_a nation_n and_o why_o such_o diversity_n among_o the_o different_a order_n of_o the_o religious_a and_o all_o in_o matter_n neither_o command_v nor_o forbid_v by_o the_o word_n of_o god_n do_v not_o all_o this_o look_n as_o if_o they_o have_v a_o mind_n by_o their_o extraordinary_a outside_n to_o strike_v the_o imagination_n of_o the_o people_n thereby_o the_o better_a to_o gain_v respect_n and_o advantage_n this_o be_v what_o many_o imagine_v within_o themselves_o and_o some_o speak_v out_o express_o but_o these_o rash_a censure_n proceed_v from_o their_o want_n of_o knowledge_n in_o antiquity_n for_o if_o one_o will_v be_v at_o the_o pain_n of_o examine_v into_o these_o exterior_a distinction_n of_o the_o monk_n and_o the_o other_o religious_a he_o will_v find_v that_o they_o be_v only_o the_o remain_v of_o ancient_a manner_n which_o have_v be_v throughout_o the_o course_n of_o many_o age_n faithful_o preserve_v by_o they_o while_o in_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n they_o have_v undergo_v wonderful_a alteration_n to_o begin_v with_o their_o habit_n st._n benet_n lv_o reg._n s._n ben._n c._n lv_o say_v that_o the_o monk_n ought_v to_o be_v content_a with_o a_o tunique_a a_o cowl_n and_o a_o scapulary_a seven_o vilia_fw-la vendentem_fw-la tunicato_fw-la scruta_fw-la popello_fw-la hor._n i._n epist_n seven_o for_o they_o to_o work_v in_o the_o tunique_a without_o a_o cloak_n have_v a_o long_a time_n be_v the_o habit_n of_o the_o mean_a sort_n of_o people_n and_o the_o cowl_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o hood_n wear_v by_o peasant_n and_o poor_a labourer_n this_o accoutrement_n mart._n pullo_n maevius_n alget_fw-la in_o cucullo_fw-la mart._n for_o the_o head_n be_v a_o good_a sense_n against_o the_o cold_a become_v afterward_o common_a to_o all_o sort_n of_o person_n and_o so_o continue_v in_o these_o part_n of_o europe_n till_o about_o two_o hundred_o year_n ago_o not_o only_o the_o clergy_n and_o man_n of_o letter_n but_o also_o the_o nobility_n and_o courtier_n have_v their_o capuche_n and_o hood_n of_o several_a sort_n and_o fashion_n the_o cucullus_fw-la mention_v in_o the_o rule_n of_o st._n benet_n serve_v instead_o of_o a_o cloak_n thus_o what_o the_o cistertian_n monk_n call_v the_o cowle_n the_o name_n import_v as_o much_o and_o the_o benedictines_n the_o frok_n they_o be_v of_o the_o same_o original_a be_v both_o derive_v from_o the_o old_a cucullus_fw-la st._n benet_n give_v they_o also_o a_o scapulary_a to_o work_v in_o it_o be_v much_o wide_a and_o short_a than_o they_o wear_v it_o now_o and_o serve_v as_o the_o name_n imply_v for_o the_o carry_a burden_n upon_o their_o shoulder_n and_o to_o preserve_v their_o tunique_fw-la this_o scapulary_a have_v its_o capuche_n or_o hood_n as_o well_o as_o the_o cucullus_fw-la and_o these_o two_o habit_n be_v not_o wear_v both_o at_o the_o same_o time_n the_o scapulary_a when_o they_o be_v at_o work_n in_o their_o own_o monastery_n the_o cucullus_fw-la or_o cowle_n at_o church_n or_o when_o they_o go_v abroad_o afterward_o the_o monk_n come_v to_o look_v upon_o their_o scapulary_a as_o the_o most_o essential_a part_n of_o their_o habit_n so_o that_o they_o they_o never_o leave_v it_o off_o but_o wear_v their_o frock_n or_o cowle_n over_o it_o it_o appear_v therefore_o that_o st._n benet_n give_v his_o monk_n no_o other_o habit_n but_o such_o as_o be_v then_o common_o wear_v by_o the_o poor_a sort_n of_o people_n in_o his_o country_n they_o be_v scarce_o any_o other_o way_n distinguishable_a than_o by_o a_o entire_a uniformity_n among_o themselves_o be_v all_o of_o they_o clothe_v exact_o alike_o which_o be_v but_o necessary_a that_o so_o the_o same_o suit_n may_v serve_v indifferent_o for_o all_o the_o monk_n of_o the_o same_o convent_n now_o it_o be_v no_o wonder_n that_o in_o the_o course_n of_o eleven_o hundred_o year_n there_o shall_v be_v some_o diversity_n find_v as_o to_o the_o colour_n and_o shape_n of_o their_o habit_n between_o the_o same_o order_n of_o monk_n that_o follow_v the_o rule_n of_o st._n benet_n consider_v the_o different_a country_n into_o which_o they_o spread_v and_o the_o several_a reformation_n make_v of_o they_o in_o several_a place_n and_o as_o for_o the_o other_o religious_a order_n that_o have_v be_v found_v within_o five_o hundred_o year_n last_o pass_v they_o have_v keep_v to_o the_o same_o habit_n which_o they_o find_v in_o use_n in_o their_o time_n the_o great_a part_n wear_v no_o linen_n shirt_n which_o to_o we_o nowadays_o seem_v a_o severe_a prohibition_n but_o the_o wear_n of_o linen_n shirt_n be_v not_o of_o common_a use_n till_o long_o after_o st._n benet_n in_o poland_n they_o be_v not_o wear_v to_o this_o day_n and_o throughout_o all_o turkey_n they_o use_v no_o sheet_n and_o but_o half_o undress_v for_o bed_n lie_v in_o their_o drawer_n though_o even_o before_o the_o use_n of_o linnen-sheet_n it_o be_v the_o common_a custom_n to_o go_v into_o the_o bed_n stark_o naked_a as_o be_v still_o do_v in_o italy_n and_o therefore_o their_o rule_n oblige_v the_o monk_n to_o sleep_n in_o their_o clothes_n without_o put_v off_o so_o much_o as_o their_o girdle_n as_o for_o their_o diet_n i_o have_v before_o observe_v that_o it_o be_v a_o ordinary_a thing_n not_o only_o for_o christian_n but_o also_o for_o the_o most_o rational_a person_n among_o the_o heathen_n themselves_o to_o live_v on_o pulse_n and_o fish_n and_o that_o it_o be_v a_o common_a custom_n with_o they_o to_o have_v some_o book_n read_v to_o they_o as_o they_o sit_v at_o meal_n i_o have_v also_o observe_v that_o christian_n do_v keep_v many_o private_a fast_n beside_o the_o more_o solemn_a one_o of_o the_o church_n and_o that_o they_o make_v long_a grace_n both_o before_o and_o after_o meat_n so_o that_o herein_o st._n benet_n have_v prescribe_v nothing_o singular_a or_o extraordinary_a on_o the_o contrary_n he_o be_v so_o indulgent_a as_o to_o permit_v his_o monk_n two_o different_a dish_n of_o meat_n and_o a_o little_a wine_n the_o 40._o reg._n s._n ben._n c._n 39_o &_o 40._o hour_n of_o eat_v and_o drink_v observe_v by_o the_o monk_n be_v the_o same_o all_o the_o world_n over_o till_o this_o last_o age._n they_o dine_v at_o com._n phil._n com._n nine_o or_o ten_o in_o the_o morning_n as_o the_o great_a part_n of_o labour_a people_n still_o do_v and_o sup_v at_o six_o at_o night_n those_o civil_a regulation_n ord_n conf._n ord_n concern_v the_o covurefeu_n and_o the_o limit_a hour_n of_o work_v at_o the_o forge_n show_v that_o they_o reckon_v the_o hour_n of_o rest_n and_o sleep_v from_o eight_o of_o the_o clock_n at_o night_n to_o four_o in_o the_o morning_n which_o be_v the_o most_o equal_a rule_n of_o take_v the_o middle_n of_o the_o night_n for_o sleep_n and_o lose_v as_o little_a as_o be_v possible_a of_o the_o day_n that_o the_o dormitory_n shall_v be_v without_o partition_n of_o cell_n as_o be_v direct_v by_o the_o rule_n of_o st._n benet_n be_v no_o more_o than_o what_o their_o living-in-common_a in_o a_o strict_a sense_n proper_o require_v for_o this_o be_v proper_o to_o live_v in_o common_a to_o sleep_v all_o in_o the_o same_o chamber_n and_o dine_v all_o in_o the_o same_o hall_n beside_o by_o this_o mean_v their_o poverty_n appear_v more_o undisguised_a and_o their_o virtue_n be_v better_o guard_v it_o be_v easy_a for_o their_o superior_a with_o one_o
glance_n of_o his_o eye_n to_o observe_v whether_o any_o thing_n pass_v there_o contrary_a to_o modesty_n beside_o their_o rule_n far_o require_v that_o there_o shall_v be_v light_n always_o in_o the_o dormitory_n and_o that_o every_o single_a bed_n which_o consist_v only_o of_o a_o mat_n and_o a_o coverlet_n shall_v be_v place_v in_o full_a view_n this_o fashion_n be_v still_o keep_v up_o in_o hospital_n and_o it_o be_v certain_a be_v very_o ancient_a among_o christian_n and_o the_o cell_n likewise_o or_o every_o one_o have_v his_o little_a apartment_n to_o himself_o be_v of_o very_o ancient_a usage_n but_o with_o the_o first_o monk_n of_o the_o desert_n these_o cell_n be_v only_o little_a hut_n or_o cottage_n where_o they_o dwell_v separately_z such_o as_o those_o of_o the_o carthusian_n and_o the_o camaldoli_n and_o though_o there_o lodge_v two_o or_o three_o monk_n together_o under_o the_o same_o roof_n yet_o they_o change_v not_o their_o name_n and_o therefore_o we_o find_v that_o the_o lesser_a monastery_n which_o we_o now_o common_o call_v priory_n pass_v for_o a_o long_a time_n under_o the_o name_n of_o cell_n they_o be_v also_o call_v casae_fw-la both_o the_o one_o and_o the_o other_o of_o these_o name_n seem_v to_o have_v be_v take_v up_o from_o the_o lodging_n of_o slave_n for_o the_o monk_n in_o their_o way_n of_o live_v choose_v to_o imitate_v the_o condition_n of_o the_o poor_a and_o most_o despicable_a of_o mankind_n beside_o methinks_v i_o can_v trace_v in_o our_o monastery_n the_o model_n of_o the_o old_a roman_a way_n of_o building_n as_o it_o be_v describe_v in_o vitruvius_n and_o palladius_n their_o church_n that_o it_o may_v be_v free_a and_o convenient_a for_o secular_o be_v always_o in_o the_o front_n of_o the_o monastery_n and_o seem_v to_o have_v succeed_v in_o the_o stead_n of_o the_o first_o hall_n which_o the_o roman_n call_v the_o atrium_n from_o thence_o you_o pass_v into_o a_o court_n surround_v with_o cover_a gallery_n to_o which_o they_o ordinary_o give_v the_o greek_a name_n of_o peristilium_fw-la and_o this_o be_v the_o proper_a cloister_n itself_o into_o which_o be_v a_o passage_n from_o the_o church_n and_o out_o of_o which_o you_o be_v lead_v into_o the_o other_o part_n of_o the_o house_n as_o the_o chapterhouse_n which_o be_v for_o exedra_fw-la of_o the_o ancient_n the_o refectory_n or_o triclinium_fw-la and_o the_o garden_n which_o ordinary_o stand_v behind_o all_o the_o rest_n which_o be_v the_o way_n of_o the_o ancient_n but_o let_v that_o be_v as_o it_o will_v certain_a it_o be_v that_o those_o holy_a person_n who_o form_v their_o rule_n for_o the_o monk_n have_v no_o design_n of_o introduce_v novelty_n or_o of_o distinguish_v themselves_o by_o the_o singularity_n of_o their_o method_n that_o which_o make_v the_o monk_n appear_v now_o so_o strange_a and_o extraordinary_a be_v the_o change_n of_o other_o man_n manner_n as_o the_o most_o ancient_a building_n be_v become_v singular_a because_o they_o be_v the_o only_a fabric_n leave_v we_o that_o have_v stand_v for_o so_o many_o age_n and_o as_o the_o more_o judicious_a any_o architect_n be_v so_o much_o the_o more_o curious_a be_v he_o in_o find_v out_o the_o imperfect_a remain_v of_o those_o old_a building_n as_o well_o know_v that_o that_o the_o art_n of_o building_n have_v in_o these_o last_o age_n be_v recover_v only_o by_o the_o imitation_n of_o these_o excellent_a model_n so_o christian_n ought_v exact_o to_o observe_v the_o practice_n of_o the_o most_o regular_a monastery_n to_o give_v they_o a_o view_n of_o the_o best_a example_n of_o a_o life_n true_o christian_n i_o know_v there_o be_v scarce_o any_o thing_n which_o the_o length_n of_o time_n have_v not_o somewhat_o impair_v so_o there_o be_v no_o old_a building_n which_o time_n have_v entire_o spar_v and_o of_o many-a-one_a there_o remain_v nothing_o but_o misshape_a ruin_n and_o yet_o by_o take_v a_o exact_a view_n even_o of_o these_o ruin_n and_o examine_v the_o very_a lest_o fragment_n of_o these_o precious_a antiquity_n and_o then_o by_o compare_v they_o with_o their_o history_n in_o the_o book_n of_o the_o ancient_n we_o come_v at_o the_o same_o time_n both_o to_o understand_v the_o true_a proportion_n of_o the_o whole_a fabric_n and_o the_o true_a sense_n of_o the_o ancient_a write_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n great_a use_n may_v be_v make_v of_o our_o inquiry_n into_o the_o monastic_a practice_n if_o together_o with_o they_o we_o also_o read_v the_o rule_n of_o the_o founder_n of_o the_o several_a order_n the_o old_a canon_n the_o writing_n of_o the_o new_a testament_n and_o the_o life_n of_o the_o saint_n of_o all_o age_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n it_o can_v be_v deny_v but_o that_o the_o monastery_n have_v be_v the_o repository_n of_o all_o sort_n of_o antiquity_n the_o great_a part_n of_o those_o old_a manuscript_n be_v find_v in_o they_o by_o the_o help_n of_o which_o learning_n have_v be_v restore_v in_o these_o last_o age_n in_o they_o be_v preserve_v the_o work_n of_o the_o father_n and_o the_o canon_n of_o the_o council_n we_o discover_v every_o day_n in_o the_o statute_n and_o custom_n of_o ancient_a monastery_n ecclesiastical_a antiquity_n of_o the_o great_a curiosity_n in_o a_o word_n the_o evangelical_n practice_n in_o the_o cloister_n have_v be_v all_o along_o keep_v up_o to_o its_o primitive_a purity_n while_o in_o the_o world_n it_o have_v be_v every_o day_n change_v from_o worse_a to_o worse_o and_o it_o be_v this_o declension_n of_o religion_n i_o be_o now_o enter_v upon_o part_n iu._n have_v represent_v the_o behaviour_n of_o the_o ancient_a christian_n i_o think_v it_o xliv_o the_o decay_n of_o christian_a piety_n in_o the_o four_o and_o follow_a age_n with_o the_o cause_n of_o it_o myself_o oblige_v now_o to_o add_v the_o principal_a cause_n of_o the_o prodigious_a difference_n there_o be_v between_o their_o way_n of_o live_v and_o we_o and_o so_o great_a be_v that_o difference_n that_o to_o many_o i_o doubt_v not_o this_o account_n will_v appear_v as_o strange_a as_o those_o relation_n our_o traveller_n give_v we_o of_o the_o indian_n and_o chinese_n manner_n of_o live_v and_o the_o more_o ignorant_a will_v scarce_o have_v faith_n enough_o to_o give_v credit_n to_o it_o because_o every_o particular_a be_v not_o prove_v home_o to_o they_o and_o the_o testimony_n set_v down_o at_o length_n but_o the_o whole_a stand_v upon_o authority_n well_o know_v to_o person_n of_o learning_n and_o read_v we_o will_v proceed_v therefore_o to_o take_v a_o general_a view_n of_o the_o progress_n of_o this_o decay_n when_o constantine_n have_v declare_v for_o christianity_n the_o convert_v come_v into_o it_o in_o shoal_n and_o what_o the_o prophet_n have_v of_o old_a predict_v concern_v the_o church_n be_v literal_o accomplish_v that_o she_o shall_v be_v establish_v on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o mountain_n 3._o be_v two_o 3._o and_o that_o all_o nation_n shall_v flow_v in_o unto_o she_o to_o learn_v from_o she_o the_o law_n of_o god_n and_o the_o rule_n of_o live_v on_o the_o one_o side_n man_n with_o their_o own_o eye_n behold_v the_o extraordinary_a miracle_n which_o be_v every_o day_n wrought_v at_o the_o tomb_n of_o the_o martyr_n the_o holy_a life_n of_o the_o great_a part_n of_o christian_n and_o the_o invincible_a force_n of_o this_o religion_n against_o which_o three_o hundred_o year_n cruel_a persecution_n have_v prevail_v no_o far_o than_o to_o give_v it_o the_o deep_a root_n on_o the_o other_o side_n idolatry_n and_o the_o fabulous_a theology_n of_o the_o poet_n be_v long_o before_o so_o expose_v by_o the_o philosopher_n that_o almost_o all_o the_o man_n of_o wit_n and_o sense_n among_o they_o believe_v nothing_o of_o it_o but_o keep_v up_o the_o religion_n of_o the_o people_n only_o for_o their_o own_o interest_n and_o therefore_o they_o ready_o quit_v it_o when_o it_o be_v no_o long_o support_v by_o public_a authority_n and_o most_o of_o they_o turn_v christian_n other_o out_o of_o a_o libertine_n opinion_n or_o practice_n even_o continue_v as_o they_o be_v without_o have_v any_o religion_n at_o all_o either_o because_o they_o can_v not_o bring_v their_o understanding_n to_o submit_v to_o the_o obedience_n of_o faith_n or_o that_o they_o will_v not_o quit_v their_o debauchery_n or_o forgo_v their_o ill_n get_v good_n or_o the_o unjust_a method_n of_o raise_v their_o fortune_n there_o be_v scarce_o any_o pagan_n leave_v but_o of_o these_o two_o sort_n the_o gross_a ignorant_a vulgar_a who_o be_v govern_v by_o custom_n only_o and_o who_o be_v not_o capable_a of_o any_o thing_n high_o than_o the_o impression_n of_o sense_n and_o some_o affect_a wit_n who_o to_o show_v their_o part_n and_o learning_n and_o out_o of_o a_o blind_a veneration_n for_o antiquity_n be_v resolve_v to_o maintain_v the_o cause_n of_o
speak_v with_o great_a vehemence_n concern_v the_o last_o judgement_n hell_n and_o paradise_n it_o make_v honourable_a mention_n of_o moses_n and_o the_o prophet_n of_o the_o apostle_n and_o martyr_n and_o give_v high_a encomium_n to_o jesus_n christ_n himself_o beside_o it_o imitate_v several_a of_o the_o external_n part_v of_o christianity_n the_o christian_n pray_v seven_o time_n a_o day_n the_o musulman_n pray_v five_o the_o christian_n have_v their_o annual_a fast_a of_o forty_o day_n the_o musulman_n have_v they_o of_o twenty_o nine_o keep_v always_o strict_a fast_o till_o night_n as_o the_o christian_n than_o do_v the_o christian_n keep_v sunday_n holy_a the_o musulman_n friday_n we_o assemble_v in_o our_o church_n to_o pray_v to_o god_n hear_v the_o read_n of_o the_o scripture_n and_o the_o instruction_n of_o the_o priest_n they_o also_o pray_v after_o their_o manner_n in_o their_o mosch_n read_v their_o alcoran_n there_o and_o hear_v the_o preach_n of_o their_o doctor_n they_o make_v pilgrimage_n to_o the_o land_n which_o they_o esteem_v holy_a and_o visit_v the_o tomb_n of_o their_o pretend_a martyr_n '_o they_o give_v much_o alm_n and_o have_v hospital_n found_v among_o they_o in_o great_a number_n they_o have_v also_o some_o sort_n of_o religious_a person_n who_o live_v in_o common_a and_o afflict_v the_o body_n after_o a_o terrible_a manner_n for_o there_o be_v no_o sort_n of_o exterior_a austerity_n which_o person_n without_o virtue_n may_v not_o imitate_v either_o out_o of_o vain_a glory_n or_o for_o interest_n but_o they_o can_v never_o bring_v themselves_o to_o live_v in_o silence_n and_o labour_n without_o be_v see_v of_o men._n to_o do_v this_o a_o man_n must_v be_v a_o christian_n our_o traveller_n breed_v up_o in_o the_o midst_n of_o christendom_n be_v often_o affect_v with_o this_o outside_n of_o religion_n and_o those_o moral_a virtue_n they_o meet_v with_o among_o the_o infidel_n and_o sometime_o return_v home_o stagger_v in_o their_o thought_n and_o incline_v to_o believe_v that_o all_o thing_n be_v indifferent_a in_o matter_n of_o religion_n under_o how_o great_a temptation_n then_o must_v those_o poor_a christian_n have_v lie_v that_o be_v bear_v under_o the_o power_n of_o those_o insidel_n and_o oblige_v to_o pass_v their_o whole_a life_n with_o they_o keep_v under_o oppression_n by_o they_o and_o have_v no_o other_o mean_n of_o make_v their_o condition_n comfortable_a in_o this_o world_n but_o by_o quit_v the_o faith_n of_o their_o ancestor_n it_o be_v a_o wonder_n they_o be_v not_o all_o pervert_v and_o the_o number_n of_o christian_n still_o remain_v throughout_o all_o the_o levant_n after_o a_o thousand_o year_n of_o temptation_n be_v a_o manifest_a proof_n of_o the_o power_n of_o the_o gospel_n and_o of_o the_o weakness_n of_o mahometism_n the_o christian_n also_o that_o be_v subject_n to_o the_o emperor_n of_o constantinople_n may_v be_v easy_o corrupt_v by_o their_o commerce_n with_o the_o mahometan_n and_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o heretic_n that_o infect_v all_o the_o east_n the_o judgement_n of_o the_o emperor_n leo_n author_n of_o the_o sect_n of_o the_o iconoclast_n be_v suppose_v to_o have_v be_v corrupt_v by_o the_o jew_n and_o saracen_n or_o the_o arabian_a mahometan_n the_o emperor_n michael_n balbus_n pass_v for_o no_o better_a than_o half-a_a jew_n the_o young_a emperor_n michael_n the_o three_o with_o the_o lewd_a companion_n of_o his_o debauch_n act_v over_o in_o a_o most_o execrable_a mockery_n the_o holy_a ceremony_n of_o our_o religion_n even_o to_o the_o tremendous_a sacrifice_n itself_o and_o not_o long_o curopal_n v._o baron_n a_o 853._o curopal_n after_o he_o i_o meet_v with_o another_o young_a emperor_n alexander_n the_o son_n of_o leo_n the_o philosopher_n open_o blaspheme_v against_o christianity_n and_o regret_v the_o suppression_n of_o idolatry_n this_o make_v i_o suspect_v that_o of_o all_o christian_n the_o greek_n be_v the_o first_o author_n of_o libertinism_n in_o matter_n of_o religion_n not_o that_o i_o will_v be_v think_v to_o fix_v this_o suspicion_n on_o the_o whole_a nation_n of_o they_o but_o only_o upon_o some_o of_o their_o great_a one_o and_o other_o particular_a person_n for_o in_o these_o time_n general_o speak_v religion_n bear_v up_o noble_o throughout_o the_o whole_a greek_a empire_n they_o have_v among_o they_o great_a doctor_n great_a bishop_n and_o eminent_a religious_a beside_o many_o martyr_n too_o in_o defence_n of_o the_o holy_a image_n in_o the_o west_n the_o faith_n be_v hitherto_o age._n xlviii_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o west_n the_o disorder_n of_o the_o ten_o age._n keep_v inviolate_a it_o never_o enter_v into_o the_o thought_n of_o any_o man_n to_o call_v the_o principle_n of_o religion_n in_o question_n nor_o be_v it_o here_o infect_v with_o heresy_n but_o ignorance_n and_o barbarism_n increase_v upon_o it_o charlemagne_n do_v all_o he_o can_v to_o re-establish_a good_a literature_n and_o ecclesiastical_a discipline_n but_o the_o follow_a prince_n do_v not_o pursue_v his_o great_a design_n so_o that_o after_o his_o day_n both_o church_n and_o state_n fall_v into_o great_a disorder_n than_o ever_o the_o faith_n have_v be_v before_o plant_v in_o saxony_n bavaria_n and_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o germany_n but_o to_o secure_v it_o among_o those_o rugged_a nation_n charlemagne_n be_v oblige_v to_o back_o the_o preach_a of_o the_o gospel_n with_o the_o sword_n and_o temporal_a punishment_n so_o that_o there_o be_v many_o involuntary_a conversion_n which_o by_o the_o unhappiness_n of_o the_o time_n be_v not_o second_v with_o that_o care_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o have_v give_v religion_n sure_a root_n in_o a_o new_a and_o unbroken_a soil_n so_o that_o one_o may_v easy_o imagine_v there_o remain_v at_o the_o bottom_n a_o core_n of_o ignorance_n and_o spiritual_a insensibility_n and_o this_o perhaps_o be_v one_o of_o the_o cause_n why_o schism_n and_o heresy_n have_v since_o find_v so_o easy_a a_o access_n and_o spread_v themselves_o all_o over_o the_o north._n the_o civil_a war_n which_o be_v carry_v on_o from_o the_o reign_n of_o lewis_n the_o debonnaire_a turn_v all_o thing_n back_o again_o into_o a_o state_n of_o ignorance_n and_o confusion_n even_o in_o the_o sound_a part_n of_o the_o french_a empire_n and_o to_o complete_a their_o misery_n the_o norman_n as_o yet_o pagan_n ravage_v and_o destroy_v it_o on_o every_o side_n the_o huagarian_a pagan_n also_o overrun_v italy_n the_o saracen_n for_o a_o long_a time_n hover_v upon_o their_o coast_n keep_v they_o always_o upon_o the_o alarm_n and_o at_o last_o effectual_o make_v themselves_o master_n of_o apulia_n and_o sicily_n beside_o spain_n which_o they_o have_v now_o possess_v for_o more_o than_o a_o age._n so_o that_o what_o remainder_n have_v be_v hitherto_o leave_v of_o the_o old_a roman_a manner_n and_o polite_a genius_n be_v now_o perfect_o wear_v out_o the_o loss_n of_o art_n learning_n and_o civility_n have_v be_v the_o more_o supportable_a have_v not_o the_o interest_n of_o religion_n be_v involve_v in_o their_o fate_n which_o can_v subsist_v without_o both_o study_n and_o preach_v the_o one_o to_o preserve_v in_o it_o the_o soundness_n of_o doctrine_n the_o other_o the_o purity_n of_o its_o moral_n religion_n must_v necessary_o fall_v into_o decay_n unless_o the_o holy_a scripture_n be_v diligent_o read_v teach_v and_o explain_v to_o the_o people_n unless_o the_o apostolical_a tradition_n be_v preserve_v in_o their_o purity_n and_o purge_v from_o time_n to_o time_n of_o those_o spurious_a addition_n which_o the_o invention_n of_o man_n make_v without_o any_o just_a authority_n all_o this_o be_v a_o thing_n hard_a to_o be_v do_v in_o the_o miserable_a time_n of_o which_o we_o be_v now_o speak_v the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o laity_n neither_o have_v book_n nor_o indeed_o can_v so_o much_o as_o read_v and_o if_o some_o of_o the_o great_a lord_n have_v among_o their_o rarity_n some_o ancient_a author_n yet_o they_o be_v not_o able_a to_o use_v they_o be_v write_v in_o latin_n the_o latin_a be_v now_o no_o long_o in_o common_a use_n and_o in_o the_o french_a and_o the_o other_o vulgar_a language_n which_o be_v as_o yet_o but_o in_o their_o beginning_n and_o unformed_a nothing_o be_v write_v so_o that_o as_o they_o can_v not_o understand_v the_o one_o they_o have_v nothing_o to_o read_v in_o the_o other_o but_o the_o public_a office_n of_o the_o church_n be_v perform_v in_o latin_a and_o the_o scripture_n be_v read_v to_o the_o people_n in_o the_o same_o language_n but_o seldom_o explain_v the_o lord_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o little_a war_n they_o continual_o have_v one_o against_o another_o keep_v themselves_o close_o shut_v up_o every_o one_o within_o the_o wall_n of_o his_o own_o castle_n so_o that_o they_o seldom_o come_v near_o the_o episcopal_a city_n especial_o if_o they_o chance_v to_o be_v as_o it_o often_o happen_v at_o
long_o keep_v up_o in_o practice_n the_o very_a knowledge_n of_o they_o be_v soon_o after_o lose_v and_o penance_n be_v now_o make_v so_o gentle_a a_o thing_n that_o confession_n be_v the_o most_o dreadful_a part_n of_o it_o in_o the_o thirteen_o century_n the_o ancient_a doctor_n liii_o the_o great_a number_n of_o doctor_n discipline_n receive_v this_o blow_n the_o authority_n of_o tradition_n have_v carry_v it_o down_o through_o the_o age_n forego_v and_o it_o may_v be_v say_v the_o church_n never_o be_v so_o great_a a_o sufferer_n by_o simple_a ignorance_n as_o by_o new_a speculation_n they_o now_o begin_v in_o their_o scholastic_a dispute_n to_o depend_v too_o little_a upon_o pure_a authority_n and_o be_v over_o fond_a of_o work_v out_o every_o thing_n by_o their_o own_o reason_n aristotle_n grow_v much_o in_o fashion_n and_o the_o subtlety_n of_o logic_n and_o metaphysic_n which_o they_o borrow_v from_o the_o arabian_n be_v in_o mighty_a request_n the_o scarcity_n of_o ancient_a book_n and_o the_o difficulty_n of_o understand_v they_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o change_n of_o language_n and_o custom_n tempt_v they_o somuch_o the_o more_o to_o apply_v themselves_o to_o speculation_n and_o the_o read_n of_o the_o modern_n thus_o the_o scholastic_a divinity_n be_v more_o value_v than_o the_o positive_a gratian_n and_o the_o master_n of_o the_o sentence_n be_v read_v more_o than_o the_o father_n and_o in_o the_o scripture_n they_o be_v more_o curious_a in_o hunt_v after_o a_o figurative_a sense_n then_o careful_a to_o observe_v the_o literal_a after_o the_o twelfth_n age_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o bishop_n apply_v themselves_o but_o little_a to_o preach_v and_o the_o instruction_n of_o their_o clergy_n they_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v encumber_a with_o temporal_a affair_n the_o laiety_n and_o especial_o the_o prince_n be_v breed_v up_o in_o ignorance_n know_v not_o how_o to_o manage_v without_o the_o assistanstance_n of_o the_o clergy_n it_o be_v out_o of_o the_o bishop_n and_o abbot_n that_o they_o choose_v their_o chancellor_n and_o minister_n of_o state_n they_o be_v make_v judge_n in_o almost_o all_o cause_n without_o go_v any_o far_a their_o temporal_a lordship_n find_v they_o work_v enough_o the_o war_n in_o which_o they_o be_v often_o force_v to_o engage_v the_o fortify_v their_o garrison_n and_o assemble_v their_o troop_n they_o be_v oblige_v to_o maintain_v grand_a equipage_n large_a family_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o officer_n in_o the_o midst_n of_o so_o much_o business_n the_o spiritual_a part_n which_o ought_v to_o have_v be_v the_o chies_a be_v too_o often_o neglect_v thus_o study_v preach_a and_o the_o administer_a the_o sacrament_n fall_v to_o the_o lot_n of_o the_o doctor_n of_o who_o the_o university_n be_v full_a but_o chief_o into_o the_o hand_n of_o the_o religious_a mendicant_n who_o come_v in_o very_o seasonable_o to_o the_o relief_n of_o the_o church_n in_o these_o unhappy_a age_n but_o these_o religious_a how_o holy_a and_o how_o zealous_a soever_o they_o may_v be_v be_v not_o proper_a pastor_n over_o any_o certain_a people_n nor_o have_v they_o any_o regular_a jurisdiction_n they_o be_v rather_o a_o sort_n of_o missionary_n who_o follow_v the_o order_n of_o their_o superior_n travel_v throughout_o all_o the_o diocese_n labour_v in_o the_o conversion_n of_o heretic_n and_o sinner_n nor_o be_v their_o labour_n without_o success_n but_o the_o good_a service_n they_o do_v the_o church_n take_v not_o their_o full_a effect_n for_o want_n of_o power_n to_o continue_v their_o far_a instruction_n to_o those_o who_o they_o have_v convert_v to_o correct_v their_o miscarriage_n and_o complete_a their_o work_n by_o abide_v with_o they_o and_o watch_v over_o they_o till_o they_o have_v establish_v they_o beyond_o relapse_n in_o the_o right_a way_n all_o this_o they_o can_v do_v only_o to_o some_o particular_a person_n who_o voluntary_o resign_v themselves_o to_o their_o direction_n so_o that_o the_o fruit_n of_o their_o labour_n can_v not_o be_v of_o so_o general_a effect_n as_o when_o every_o bishop_n close_o apply_v himself_o to_o the_o edification_n of_o his_o own_o flock_n the_o case_n be_v much_o the_o same_o with_o they_o in_o respect_n of_o study_n the_o doctor_n whether_o secular_o or_o regulars_n that_o be_v in_o possession_n of_o the_o chair_n have_v scarce_o any_o thing_n of_o authority_n beside_o what_o their_o personal_a merit_n procure_v they_o it_o be_v free_a for_o the_o student_n to_o follow_v what_o profession_n they_o like_v best_a and_o from_o hence_o arise_v that_o diversity_n of_o sect_n and_o opinion_n concern_v matter_n that_o be_v allow_v to_o be_v dispute_v for_o as_o there_o be_v a_o great_a number_n of_o doctor_n who_o be_v not_o employ_v in_o the_o cure_n of_o soul_n but_o spend_v their_o whole_a time_n in_o the_o school_n they_o have_v leisure_n to_o treat_v of_o many_o question_n more_o xi_o thomass_n discipl_n four_o l._n 1._o c._n 69._o n._n xi_o curious_a than_o useful_a the_o laic_n also_o be_v leave_v at_o their_o own_o liberty_n to_o follow_v what_o preacher_n they_o most_o affect_a and_o to_o choose_v to_o themselves_o their_o own_o confessor_n beside_o their_o proper_a pastor_n so_o that_o among_o such_o a_o mnltitude_n of_o priest_n bad_a christian_n can_v not_o fail_v of_o meeting_n with_o some_o or_o other_o who_o will_v give_v they_o absolution_n upon_o very_o easy_a term_n and_o thus_o such_o as_o be_v willing_a to_o be_v deceive_v themselves_o or_o have_v a_o mind_n to_o deceive_v other_o do_v not_o forbear_v without_o mend_v their_o manner_n to_o frequent_v the_o church_n and_o come_v to_o the_o sacrament_n the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o doctor_n themselves_o be_v bear_v down_o by_o the_o stream_n of_o the_o corruption_n of_o the_o people_n and_o suffer_v many_o considerable_a relaxation_n of_o discipline_n to_o plead_v prescription_n the_o little_a knowledge_n they_o have_v of_o the_o ancient_a manner_n of_o the_o church_n be_v the_o principal_a cause_n of_o this_o mischief_n the_o usage_n introduce_v a_o age_n or_o two_o before_o go_v down_o with_o they_o for_o immemorial_n custom_n it_o be_v strange_a for_o instance_n that_o in_o the_o day_n of_o st._n thomas_n aquinas_n they_o shall_v not_o remember_v how_o they_o keep_v their_o fast_n in_o the_o jejun_n s._n bern._n serm._n in_o cap._n jejun_n age_n precede_v for_o st._n bernard_n assure_v we_o that_o in_o his_o time_n all_o the_o world_n without_o distinction_n observe_v in_o lent_n not_o to_o break_v their_o fast_a till_o evening_n king_n and_o prince_n clergy_n people_n gentle_a and_o simple_a rich_a and_o poor_a all_o of_o they_o do_v so_o and_o yet_o st._n thomas_n not_o only_o plain_o tell_v we_o that_o in_o his_o i._n s._n thom._n two_o ix_o 147._o art_n 7._o ad_fw-la i._n time_n none_o fast_v beyond_o three_o of_o the_o clock_n in_o the_o afternoon_n but_o also_o pretend_v to_o prove_v that_o christian_n ought_v not_o to_o fast_a after_o any_o other_o manner_n and_o that_o fast_v till_o the_o evening_n be_v peculiar_a to_o the_o old_a law_n so_o easy_a a_o thing_n be_v it_o to_o find_v argument_n to_o justify_v all_o sort_n of_o practice_n when_o one_o be_v ignorant_a of_o fact_n this_o ignorance_n make_v they_o look_v upon_o antiquity_n as_o novelty_n and_o the_o authority_n of_o the_o modern_n as_o a_o sure_a ground_n to_o proceed_v upon_o than_o that_o of_o the_o ancient_n of_o who_o they_o have_v only_o a_o confuse_a notion_n that_o their_o manner_n be_v altogether_o different_a from_o we_o without_o sufficient_o distinguish_v whether_o this_o diversity_n lie_v in_o any_o of_o the_o essential_o of_o christianity_n or_o only_o in_o such_o indifferent_a matter_n as_o habit_n and_o language_n and_o as_o they_o give_v themselves_o the_o liberty_n of_o start_v every_o day_n new_a question_n and_o invent_v new_a subtilies_n there_o arise_v at_o last_o a_o set_v of_o casuist_n who_o found_v their_o moral_n rather_o upon_o human_a reason_n than_o upon_o scripture_n and_o tradition_n as_o if_o jesus_n christ_n have_v not_o teach_v we_o all_o truth_n as_o well_o for_o manner_n as_o for_o faith_n but_o have_v leave_v we_o still_o to_o seek_v with_o the_o ancient_a philosopher_n i_o shall_v not_o pretend_v to_o give_v a_o particular_a time_n liv._o a_o succession_n of_o find_a doctrine_n and_o good_a example_n in_o all_o time_n of_o the_o disorder_n that_o follow_v upon_o these_o loose_a principle_n which_o they_o bring_v into_o their_o new_a system_n of_o morality_n they_o be_v but_o too_o well_o know_v of_o themselves_o nor_o be_v it_o my_o design_n to_o describe_v the_o manner_n of_o bad_a christian_n which_o be_v no_o better_a than_o those_o of_o other_o man_n my_o business_n be_v only_o to_o represent_v the_o manner_n which_o distinguish_v true_a christian_n from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o world_n now_o god_n have_v never_o so_o forsake_v his_o
here_o lay_v down_o will_v be_v always_o true_a what_o origen_n in_o his_o book_n against_o celsus_n so_o often_o inculcate_n that_o jesus_n christ_n have_v reform_v the_o world_n and_o fill_v it_o with_o virtue_n unknown_a to_o former_a age_n and_o this_o be_v what_o i_o have_v to_o say_v concern_v the_o manner_n of_o the_o israelite_n and_o of_o conclusion_n lvii_o the_o conclusion_n the_o christian_n such_o be_v the_o outward_a appearance_n of_o the_o life_n of_o the_o faithful_a of_o the_o old_a and_o of_o the_o new-testament_n in_o my_o opinion_n the_o first_o discourse_n show_v we_o author_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o israelite_n publish_v also_o in_o english_a 1683._o but_o without_o take_v any_o notice_n of_o the_o author_n the_o best_a use_n of_o temporal_a advantage_n and_o the_o most_o accountable_a method_n of_o live_v up_o to_o innocence_n and_o nature_n in_o this_o latter_a i_o have_v endeavour_v to_o show_v what_o be_v the_o life_n of_o those_o who_o conversation_n be_v in_o heaven_n and_o who_o while_n they_o be_v in_o the_o flesh_n live_v yet_o by_o the_o spirit_n this_o life_n perfect_o spiritual_a and_o supernatural_a be_v the_o peculiar_a effect_n of_o the_o grace_n of_o jesus_n christ_n if_o what_o i_o have_v write_v prove_v instrumental_a to_o give_v a_o right_a notion_n of_o the_o life_n which_o be_v true_o reasonable_a and_o christian_n and_o to_o make_v any_o one_o apply_v himself_o serious_o to_o the_o practice_n of_o it_o if_o matter_n prove_v thus_o i_o shall_v not_o at_o all_o be_v disturb_v at_o the_o different_a censure_n of_o the_o reader_n or_o the_o fault_n with_o which_o the_o work_n may_v be_v charge_v the_o end_n a_o table_n of_o the_o head_n chap._n i._n the_o division_n of_o the_o whole_a page_n 1._o part_n i._n ii_o the_o church_n of_o jerusalem_n 2._o part_n ii_o iii_o the_o time_n of_o the_o persecution_n the_o state_n of_o the_o gentile_n before_o their_o conversion_n 33._o iv_o preach_v teach_v and_o baptism_n 40._o v._o the_o christian_a life_n prayer_n 44._o vi_o the_o study_n of_o the_o holy_a scripture_n 48._o vii_o their_o employment_n occupation_n and_o profession_n 55._o viii_o their_o fast_n 58._o ix_o their_o eat_v 62._o x._o the_o modesty_n gravity_n and_o seriousness_n of_o christian_n 66._o xi_o marriage_n 74._o xii_o the_o union_n of_o christian_n 77._o xiii_o their_o church-assembly_n liturgy_n and_o outward_a form_n of_o worship_n 80._o fourteen_o the_o secret_a of_o the_o mystery_n 85._o xv._o the_o reason_n of_o the_o general_a odium_n against_o the_o christian_n 86._o xvi_o the_o persecution_n the_o manner_n of_o proceed_v against_o the_o christian_n their_o punishment_n 101._o xvii_o prison_n 112._o xviii_o their_o care_n of_o relic_n 115._o xix_o the_o confessor_n 119._o xx._n excommunication_n and_o penance_n 120._o xxi_o ascetick_n virgin_n widow_n deaconess_n 127._o xxii_o their_o care_n of_o the_o poor_a 132._o xxiii_o their_o hospitality_n 136._o xxiv_o their_o care_n of_o the_o sick_a and_o burial_n of_o their_o dead_a 140._o xxv_o bishop_n priest_n clerk_n ordination_n 144._o xxvi_o the_o discretion_n and_o patience_n of_o the_o christian_n 158._o part_n iii_o xxvii_o the_o church_n free_v from_o persecution_n the_o examination_n and_o preparation_n for_o baptism_n 166._o xxviii_o the_o form_n of_o their_o church_n and_o their_o ornament_n 171._o xxix_o devotion_n assist_v by_o sense_n 184._o xxx_o their_o liturgy_n and_o outward_a form_n of_o worship_n 188._o xxxi_o their_o sermon_n 192._o xxxii_o the_o sacrifice_n and_o sacred_a habit_n 200._o xxxiii_o consecration_n communion_n 204._o xxxiv_o the_o sing_v and_o magnificence_n of_o the_o public_a service_n 207._o xxxv_o the_o solemnity_n of_o the_o feast_n of_o the_o church_n pilgrimage_n 211_o xxxvi_o the_o ceremony_n of_o penance_n 217._o xxxvii_o christian_n prince_n 224._o xxxviii_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o clergy_n 229._o thirty-nine_o the_o riches_n of_o the_o church_n 240._o xl._n hospital_n 248._o xli_o monastery_n 251._o xlii_o the_o monastic_a life_n compare_v with_o that_o of_o the_o first_o christian_n 262._o xliii_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o external_n singularity_n in_o the_o monk_n 265._o part_n iu._n xliv_o the_o decay_n of_o christian_a piety_n in_o the_o four_o and_o follow_a age_n with_o the_o cause_n thereof_o 274._o xlv_o the_o incursion_n of_o the_o barbarian_n and_o their_o manner_n 288._o xlvi_o the_o mixture_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o barbarian_n 294._o xlvii_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o christian_n in_o the_o east_n from_o the_o five_o age._n 299._o xlviii_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o west_n the_o disorder_n of_o the_o ten_o age._n 305._o xlix_o the_o preservation_n of_o religion_n 313._o l._n the_o re-establishment_n of_o piety_n and_o discipline_n 316_o li._n alteration_n in_o penance_n 320._o lii_o croisades_n and_o indulgence_n 325._o liii_o the_o multitude_n and_o variety_n of_o doctor_n 329._o liv._o a_o succession_n of_o sound_a doctrine_n and_o good_a example_n in_o all_o time_n 334_o lv._o some_o abuse_v tolerate_v in_o the_o church_n and_o how_o they_o come_v to_o be_v so_o 339._o lvi_o the_o use_n of_o this_o work_n 342._o lvii_o the_o conclusion_n 346._o book_n print_v for_o and_o sell_v by_o tho._n leigh_n at_o the_o peacock_n in_o fleetstreet_n folio_n the_o life_n of_o our_o bless_a lord_n and_o saviour_n jesus_n christ_n a_o heroic_a poem_n dedicate_v to_o her_o most_o sacred_a majesty_n in_o ten_o book_n attempt_v by_o samuel_n wesley_n m._n a._n chaplain_n to_o the_o most_o honourable_a john_n lord_n marqucss_n of_o normanby_n and_o rector_n of_o epworth_n in_o the_o county_n of_o lincoln_n each_o book_n illustrate_v by_o necessary_a note_n explain_v the_o more_o difficult_a matter_n in_o the_o whole_a history_n also_o a_o prefatory_a discourse_n concern_v heroic_a poetry_n the_o second_o edition_n revise_v by_o the_o author_n and_o improve_v with_o addition_n of_o a_o large_a map_n of_o the_o holy_a land_n and_o a_o table_n of_o the_o principal_a matter_n with_o sixty_o copper-plate_n by_o the_o celebrate_a hand_n of_o w._n faithorne_n resolve_v divine_a moral_a political_n with_o several_a new_a addition_n both_o in_o prose_n and_o verse_n not_o extant_a in_o the_o former_a impression_n in_o this_o eleven_o edition_n reference_n be_v make_v to_o the_o poetical_a citation_n heretofore_o much_o want_v by_o owen_n feltham_n esq_n quarto_n mechanic_n power_n or_o the_o mystery_n of_o nature_n and_o art_n unveil_v show_v what_o great_a thing_n may_v be_v perform_v by_o mechanic_n engine_n in_o remove_v and_o raise_v body_n of_o vast_a weight_n with_o little_a strength_n or_o force_n and_o also_o the_o make_n of_o machine_n or_o engine_n for_o raise_v of_o water_n dreining_n of_o ground_n and_o several_a other_o use_v together_o with_o a_o treatise_n of_o circular_a motion_n artificial_o fit_v to_o mechanic_n use_v and_o the_o make_n of_o clockwork_a and_o other_o engine_n a_o work_n pleasant_a and_o profitable_a for_o all_o sort_n of_o man_n from_o the_o high_a to_o the_o low_a degree_n and_o never_o treat_v of_o in_o english_a but_o once_o before_o and_o that_o but_o brief_o the_o whole_a comprise_v in_o 10_o book_n and_o illustrate_v with_o copper_n cut_v by_o ven._n mandey_n and_o j._n moxon_n philomat_n