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book_n canon_n church_n read_v 2,503 5 6.6327 4 true
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A13775 Animaduersions vpon M. Seldens History of tithes, and his reuievv thereof before which (in lieu of the two first chapters purposely pretermitted) is premised a catalogue of seuenty two authours, before the yeere 1215. Maintaining the ius diuinum of tythes or more, to be payd to the priesthood vnder the Gospell: by Richard Tillesley Doctor in Diuinity, and archdeacon of Rochester. Tillesley, Richard, 1582-1621. 1619 (1619) STC 24073; ESTC S117059 181,192 288

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and_o at_o once_o infringe_v many_o worthy_a french_a counsel_n which_o yet_o be_v not_o in_o isidors_n code_n of_o counsel_n to_o repeat_v they_o all_o be_v needless_a they_o be_v obvious_a to_o every_o one_o that_o turn_v over_o the_o counsel_n but_o observe_v my_o conjecture_n why_o they_o be_v not_o compile_v by_o isidore_n it_o be_v as_o i_o suppose_v for_o the_o novelty_n of_o they_o this_o last_o of_o mascon_n be_v even_o in_o his_o time_n but_o two_o year_n before_o he_o be_v bishop_n of_o seville_n and_o therefore_o as_o yet_o have_v not_o get_v authority_n to_o be_v receive_v into_o public_a esteem_n especial_o in_o other_o kingdom_n and_o that_o other_o be_v not_o long_o before_o now_o since_o they_o happen_v not_o before_o the_o time_n of_o that_o most_o diligent_a father_n isidore_n none_o after_o that_o i_o know_v ever_o collect_v the_o whole_a body_n until_o that_o laborious_a friar_n peter_n crabb_n endeavour_v it_o the_o rest_n as_o burchard_n gratian_n iuo_o content_v 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reject_v the_o exception_n be_v because_o the_o council_n of_o the_o same_o year_n and_o place_n have_v no_o such_o canon_n and_o be_v whole_a in_o diverse_a edition_n as_o it_o be_v certify_v by_o eight_o bishop_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o this_o canon_n be_v nothing_o but_o the_o syllable_n of_o one_o of_o charlemaine_n law_n vnicuique_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la mansus_fw-la integer_fw-la absque_fw-la ullo_fw-la seruitio_fw-la attribuatur_fw-la animad_fw-la 17_o the_o first_o exception_n though_o ill_o date_v by_o the_o printer_n fault_n for_o it_o shall_v be_v dxc._n not_o dcx._n the_o numeral_a x_o be_v misplace_v yet_o be_v to_o peremptory_a since_o thereby_o many_o other_o canon_n cite_v by_o gratian_n burchard_n and_o iuo_o will_v want_v both_o time_n and_o place_n to_o be_v excerpt_v out_o of_o this_o council_n at_o sivil_n as_o be_v by_o garsias_n in_o binnius_n collect_v garsias_n suppose_v the_o former_a council_n of_o that_o year_n 590._o which_o be_v extant_a to_o be_v 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oper_n 55._o capit_fw-la cap._n 1._o lib._n 1._o cap._n 7._o no_o service_n and_o that_o secundum_fw-la antiquam_fw-la consuetudinem_fw-la nay_o the_o capitul_n of_o charlemagne_n in_o the_o edition_n of_o vitus_n in_o his_o eleven_o year_n have_v the_o same_o phrase_n yet_o injoin_v a_o necessity_n de_fw-fr decimis_fw-la ut_fw-la dentur_fw-la &_o dare_v nolentes_fw-la exigantur_fw-la of_o tithe_n that_o may_v be_v give_v and_o they_o that_o will_v not_o give_v may_v be_v enforce_v 1._o ad_fw-la cathol_a ecclesiam_fw-la lib._n 1._o the_o word_n of_o saluianus_n massiliensis_n be_v here_o fit_a si_fw-la devotus_fw-la da_fw-la quasi_fw-la tuum_fw-la si_fw-la non_fw-la devotus_fw-la red_a quasi_fw-la non_fw-la tuum_fw-la ad_fw-la opus_fw-la sanctum_fw-la &_o hortatione_fw-la invitaris_fw-la &_o exactione_n constringeris_fw-la dam_fw-la si_fw-la vis_fw-la red_a si_fw-la non_fw-la vis_fw-la if_o thou_o be_v devout_a give_v as_o if_o it_o be_v thou_o own_o if_o not_o devout_a restore_v as_o if_o not_o thy_o own_o to_o a_o holy_a work_n thou_o be_v both_o exhort_v and_o enforce_v if_o thou_o be_v willing_a then_o give_v if_o unwilling_a then_o restore_v but_o that_o such_o consecration_n of_o tithe_n 72._o pag._n 72._o not_o establish_v by_o a_o civil_a tithe_n make_v to_o the_o church_n of_o another_o parish_n be_v practise_v and_o be_v in_o force_n at_o the_o lay-owner_n choice_n he_o proove_v plain_o as_o he_o say_v by_o a_o law_n but_o not_o put_v in_o execution_n for_o punishment_n of_o such_o consecration_n and_o the_o law_n be_v leg_n longobard_fw-mi lib._n 3._o tit._n 3._o c._n 7._o &_o in_o addit_fw-la 4._o ad_fw-la capit_fw-la cap._n 173._o the_o word_n be_v quicunque_fw-la decimam_fw-la abstrahit_fw-la de_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la ad_fw-la quam_fw-la per_fw-la justitiam_fw-la dari_fw-la debet_fw-la &_o eam_fw-la praesumptuose_fw-la vel_fw-la propter_fw-la munera_fw-la aut_fw-la amicitiam_fw-la vel_fw-la aliam_fw-la quamlibet_fw-la occasionem_fw-la ad_fw-la aliam_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la dederit_fw-la à_fw-la comite_fw-la vel_fw-la à_fw-la misso_fw-la nostro_fw-la distringatur_fw-la vel_fw-la eiusdem_fw-la decimae_fw-la quantitatem_fw-la cum_fw-la sva_fw-la lege_fw-la restituat_fw-la whosoever_o take_v away_o tithe_n from_o the_o church_n to_o which_o of_o right_n it_o be_v due_a and_o praesumptuous_o either_o for_o reward_n or_o love_n or_o other_o occasion_n shall_v give_v they_o to_o another_o church_n let_v he_o be_v distrain_v by_o our_o officer_n or_o restore_v the_o tithe_n with_o the_o forfeiture_n animad_fw-la 5_o but_o that_o he_o be_v here_o mistake_v himself_o will_v judge_v if_o he_o look_v to_o the_o understanding_n of_o this_o decima_fw-la by_o the_o capit._n lib._n 5._o cap._n 145._o cite_v before_o in_o the_o answer_n of_o the_o five_o reason_n in_o charles_n martel_n story_n where_o he_o shall_v find_v this_o decimae_fw-la though_o a_o true_a clergy_n tithe_n yet_o of_o benefice_n and_o infeodation_n alone_o which_o be_v per_fw-la iustitiam_fw-la debitae_fw-la and_o that_o such_o translation_n of_o they_o be_v not_o in_o force_n the_o word_n praesumptuosè_fw-la i_o think_v do_v infer_v neither_o can_v such_o benefice_n have_v have_v much_o practice_n of_o such_o translation_n since_o they_o be_v even_o so_o late_o practise_v in_o pipins_n time_n the_o father_n of_o this_o charles_n who_o capitularie_n this_o be_v for_o it_o be_v not_o lotharius_n his_o as_o the_o former_a capitularie_n can_v testify_v 73._o pag._n 73._o he_o further_o will_v infer_v it_o out_o of_o another_o prohibition_n against_o parson_n who_o under_o pain_n of_o deprivation_n capit_fw-la lib_n 7_o cap._n 141._o be_v command_v not_o to_o persuade_v parishioner_n to_o come_v to_o their_o church_n and_o to_o give_v they_o their_o tithe_n and_o the_o like_a be_v in_o synodo_n ticinensi_fw-la c._n 16._o q._n 1._o c._n in_o sacris_fw-la canonibus_fw-la against_o such_o that_o use_v to_o give_v away_o their_o tithe_n alijs_fw-la ecclesiis_fw-la pro_fw-la libitu_fw-la animad_fw-la 6_o first_o therefore_o it_o appear_v such_o practice_n be_v condemn_v and_o sentence_v with_o deprivation_n and_o judge_v to_o be_v contrary_a to_o the_o canon_n and_o god_n law_n nay_o also_o with_o imprisonment_n as_o theodulphus_n aurelianensis_fw-la in_o his_o epistle_n numb_a 14._o do_v declare_v which_o be_v publish_v with_o hincmarus_n his_o epistle_n by_o busaeus_n concern_v which_o observe_v the_o law_n of_o lambert_n the_o emperor_n decree_v in_o concilio_n mutinae_fw-la 6._o de_fw-fr regno_fw-la italiae_fw-la lib._n 6._o anno_fw-la 898._o as_o sigonius_n do_v relate_v si_fw-mi quis_fw-la sanctorum_fw-la patrum_fw-la regulas_fw-la contempserit_fw-la &_o gloriosissimorum_fw-la imperatorum_fw-la caroli_n &_o ludovici_fw-la atque_fw-la lotharij_fw-la &_o ludovici_fw-la filii_fw-la eius_fw-la de_fw-la decimis_fw-la in_o eorum_fw-la capitularibus_fw-la statuta_fw-la &_o sancita_fw-la non_fw-la obseruaverit_n easque_fw-la alibi_fw-la nisi_fw-la in_o baptismalibus_fw-la ecclesiis_fw-la absque_fw-la consensu_fw-la episcopi_fw-la dare_v temptaverit_fw-la vel_fw-la retinere_fw-la praesumpserit_fw-la &_o qui_fw-fr that_fw-mi ijs_fw-la &_o qui_fw-la recipit_fw-la eisdem_fw-la constitutis_fw-la percellatur_fw-la if_o any_o shall_v despise_v the_o rule_n of_o holy_a father_n and_o not_o observe_v the_o ordinance_n and_o statute_n of_o the_o glorious_a emperor_n charles_n and_o lewis_n and_o lotharius_n and_o lewis_n his_o son_n concern_v tithe_n in_o their_o capitulary_n and_o shall_v dare_v to_o pay_v they_o to_o any_o but_o to_o the_o baptismal_a church_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o bishop_n or_o shall_v praesume_v to_o retain_v they_o both_o he_o that_o give_v and_o he_o that_o receive_v they_o shall_v undergo_v the_o same_o penalty_n although_o therefore_o it_o may_v be_v a_o practice_n yet_o sure_a not_o of_o many_o since_o the_o reason_n be_v so_o bad_a and_o not_o in_o force_n because_o so_o condemn_v but_o yet_o in_o the_o first_o that_o be_v the_o capitular_a parochial_a payment_n be_v praesuppose_v and_o prove_v so_o that_o there_o can_v be_v no_o consecration_n though_o translation_n for_o it_o seem_v by_o this_o they_o think_v that_o as_o tithe_n in_o general_n be_v due_a by_o distributive_a justice_n so_o in_o special_a to_o this_o or_o that_o place_n they_o must_v be_v pay_v by_o commutatative_a justice_n and_o therefore_o principal_o they_o forbid_v the_o solicitation_n to_o come_v to_o their_o church_n because_o from_o the_o partake_n of_o their_o service_n the_o perform_n of_o their_o tithe_n to_o they_o will_v follow_v which_o be_v prohibit_v for_o that_o it_o proceed_v out_o of_o a_o covetous_a and_o injurious_a mind_n to_o gain_v by_o other_o loss_n as_o also_o in_o council_n cabilon_n sub_fw-la carolo_n magno_fw-la can._n 6._o &_o 7._o those_o priest_n be_v condemn_v who_o out_o of_o covetousness_n will_v persuade_v lay_v man_n ut_fw-la abrenunciante_n seculo_fw-la res_fw-la svas_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la conferant_fw-la that_o they_o will_v forsake_v the_o world_n and_o give_v their_o estate_n to_o the_o church_n this_o canon_n therefore_o as_o some_o other_o constitution_n forbid_v the_o admit_v of_o they_o to_o their_o church_n the_o capitularie_n libr._n 1._o cap._n 143._o not_o to_o admit_v any_o but_o their_o own_o parishioner_n unless_o journey_v or_o follow_v suit_n of_o law_n and_o in_o the_o same_o book_n cap._n 154._o that_o none_o shall_v sing_v mass_n before_o or_o receive_v tithe_n of_o a_o stranger_n nay_o in_o concilio_n nannetensi_fw-la c_o 1_o to_o inquire_v if_o any_o stranger_n be_v in_o the_o church_n at_o service_n and_o cast_v he_o out_o by_o which_o i_o be_o persuade_v their_o care_n be_v to_o prevent_v the_o straggle_a humour_n of_o some_o than_o puritan_n conceit_n who_o person_n and_o contribution_n be_v not_o at_o their_o own_o church_n that_o so_o thereby_o the_o parochial_a profit_n or_o credit_n may_v not_o be_v diminish_v ne_fw-fr occasio_fw-la tribuatur_fw-la evagandi_fw-la &_o divina_fw-la extra_fw-la parrochiam_fw-la audiendi_fw-la say_v the_o canonist_n lest_o occasion_n may_v be_v afford_v of_o wander_a or_o hear_v service_n out_o of_o their_o own_o parish_n animad_fw-la 7_o and_o in_o the_o second_o the_o council_n of_o pavia_n 72._o the_o canon_n be_v repeat_v ad_fw-la pag._n 72._o it_o appear_v manifest_o that_o the_o bishop_n disposition_n of_o they_o be_v before_o though_o contemn_v by_o such_o irregular_a ungodly_a people_n and_o they_o be_v but_o quidam_fw-la who_o the_o council_n censure_v so_o sharp_o and_o desire_v the_o secular_a magistrate_n to_o correct_v they_o small_a force_n therefore_o in_o such_o gift_n which_o be_v so_o condemn_v but_o next_o he_o proceed_v to_o example_n of_o such_o consecration_n out_o of_o manuscript_n chartulary_n in_o thesauro_fw-la cottoniano_n and_o first_o out_o of_o those_o of_o vtrecht_n in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o elder_a pippin_n charles_n martell_n carloman_n animad_fw-la 8_o where_o note_n in_o their_o time_n be_v tithe_n yet_o such_o tithe_n as_o if_o i_o understand_v they_o right_o be_v not_o de_n jure_fw-la but_o indeed_o voluntary_o vouchsafe_v namely_o a_o ten_o of_o the_o king_n custom_n in_o slave_n in_o land_n in_o tolles_n in_o merchandise_n or_o any_o such_o thing_n
libertatem_fw-la concedat_fw-la by_o some_o worthy_a messenger_n of_o your_o company_n to_o send_v and_o in_o all_o due_a reverence_n to_o entreat_v that_o the_o king_n will_v grant_v you_o canonical_o a_o liberty_n to_o elect_a your_o pastor_n and_o in_o the_o election_n potissimas_fw-la &_o potentissimas_fw-la habet_fw-la part_n he_o have_v the_o chief_a stroke_n 66._o ep._n 66._o as_o p._n blesensis_n and_o after_o the_o election_n his_o royal_a assent_n 29._o ep._n 292.295.297_o lib._n 1._o ep_v 29._o as_o sarisburiensis_n be_v require_v and_o after_o that_o the_o restore_n of_o the_o temporalty_n which_o p._n cluniacensis_fw-la do_v thus_o express_v rex_fw-la francia_fw-la electum_fw-la lingonensem_fw-la quem_fw-la quantum_fw-la in_o ipso_fw-la erat_fw-la confirmari_fw-la canonici_fw-la rogaverunt_fw-la de_fw-la regalibus_fw-la sicut_fw-la fieri_fw-la solet_fw-la manu_fw-la propria_fw-la solemniter_fw-la investivit_fw-la the_o king_n of_o france_n do_v solemn_o as_o the_o manner_n be_v with_o his_o own_o hand_n restore_v the_o temporalty_n to_o the_o elect_a of_o lion_n who_o the_o canon_n of_o that_o church_n do_v desire_v to_o be_v confirm_v what_o lie_v in_o they_o and_o st._n bernard_n i_o think_v concern_v the_o same_o action_n electus_n lugdunensis_n petijt_fw-la 164._o ep._n 164._o &_o obtinuit_fw-la à_fw-la rege_fw-la regalium_fw-la inuestituram_fw-la the_o elect_n of_o lion_n desire_v and_o obtain_v of_o the_o king_n the_o inuestiture_n of_o the_o royalty_n and_o all_o these_o remain_v yet_o unalter_a no_o more_o be_v ever_o ancient_o require_v in_o a_o regular_a course_n the_o inuestiture_n principal_o be_v account_v the_o last_o action_n by_o several_a ceremony_n domini_fw-la serm._n 1._o de_fw-fr coena_fw-la domini_fw-la as_o st._n bernard_n distinguish_v they_o inuestitur_fw-la canonicus_n per_fw-la librum_fw-la ablas_fw-es per_fw-la annulum_fw-la episcopus_fw-la per_fw-la baculum_fw-la &_o annulum_fw-la simul_fw-la a_o canon_n be_v invest_v by_o a_o book_n a_o abbot_n by_o a_o ring_n a_o bishop_n by_o a_o staff_n and_o ring_n together_o as_o for_o free_a chapel_n praehend_v and_o benefice_n without_o cure_n i_o have_v read_v nothing_o only_a p._n blesensis_n say_v concern_v the_o deanrie_n of_o vulrehanitin_n 152._o now_o woluerhampton_n ep._n 152._o quem_fw-la decanatum_fw-la semper_fw-la de_fw-la consuetudine_fw-la reges_fw-la angliae_fw-la donavere_fw-la which_o deanrie_n always_o of_o custom_n the_o king_n of_o england_n have_v give_v but_o to_o leave_v this_o digression_n the_o author_n say_v the_o substance_n of_o these_o inuestiture_n be_v forbid_v in_o the_o 8._o general_n council_n animad_fw-la 39_o but_o iuo_o well_o understand_v the_o nature_n of_o inuestiture_n say_v octava_fw-la synodus_fw-la solum_fw-la prohibet_fw-la eos_fw-la interest_n electioni_fw-la 65._o ep._n 65._o non_fw-la concessioni_fw-la the_o 8._o council_n only_o forbid_v their_o interest_n in_o the_o election_n not_o in_o the_o concession_n which_o concession_n be_v the_o substance_n of_o inuestiture_n as_o he_o there_o say_v and_o so_o also_o do_v he_o expound_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o council_n ep._n 102._o but_o gregory_n 7._o and_o his_o successor_n deny_v this_o also_o as_o the_o history_n do_v manifest_a and_o beside_o the_o inuestiture_n of_o parochial_a church_n which_o upon_o the_o pretence_n of_o be_v advocate_n many_o patron_n do_v then_o challenge_v after_o the_o year_n 1000_o for_o before_o i_o read_v of_o none_o be_v deny_v by_o he_o and_o his_o successor_n as_o in_o the_o counsel_n cite_v under_o gregor_n 7._o callixtus_n 2._o and_o innocent_a 3._o yet_o this_o challenge_n may_v seem_v but_o rare_o make_v 92._o p._n 92._o for_o lack_v of_o priest_n without_o title_n and_o the_o want_n of_o opportunity_n of_o resignation_n into_o their_o hand_n animad_fw-la 40_o both_o which_o for_o that_o by_o the_o canon_n they_o be_v so_o strict_o forbid_v as_o he_o confess_v it_o be_v not_o likely_a that_o the_o bishop_n in_o order_v such_o or_o the_o priest_n in_o resign_v to_o lay_v man_n be_v so_o frequent_a since_o the_o canonical_a censure_n be_v so_o immediate_o over_o they_o but_o yet_o suppose_v both_o it_o be_v not_o lawful_a that_o they_o may_v invest_v one_o though_o in_o order_n to_o any_o benefice_n without_o the_o consent_n much_o more_o 87._o ad._n p._n 87._o the_o notice_n of_o the_o bishop_n as_o before_o i_o have_v show_v etc._n etc._n and_o the_o council_n nanneten_v propose_v the_o case_n 1.6_o c._n 1.6_o ut_fw-la si_fw-la quilibet_fw-la presbyterorum_fw-la defunctus_fw-la fuerit_fw-la vicinus_fw-la presbyter_n apud_fw-la secularem_fw-la seniorem_fw-la nulla_fw-la precatione_n vel_fw-la aliquo_fw-la xenio_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la illam_fw-la obtineat_fw-la cvi_fw-la forte_n cvi_fw-la quia_fw-la titulus_fw-la per_fw-la se_fw-la antea_fw-la constans_fw-la extitit_fw-la sed_fw-la neque_fw-la capellam_fw-la sine_fw-la consultu_fw-la episcopi_fw-la quod_fw-la si_fw-la fecerit_fw-la definitam_fw-la sententiam_fw-la sibi_fw-la prolatam_fw-la suscipiat_fw-la sicuti_fw-la de_fw-fr episcopo_fw-la canonica_n decrevit_fw-la authoritas_fw-la ut_fw-la si_fw-la per_fw-la ambitionem_fw-la maiorem_fw-la civitatem_fw-la appetierit_fw-la &_o illam_fw-la perdat_fw-la quam_fw-la tenuit_fw-la &_o illam_fw-la nequ●quam_fw-la obtineat_fw-la quam_fw-la usurpare_fw-la tentavit_fw-la that_o if_o any_o priest_n die_v his_o neighbour_n priest_n do_v by_o any_o gift_n or_o entreaty_n obtain_v that_o church_n of_o a_o secular_a lord_n who_o before_o have_v a_o settle_a cure_n but_o not_o so_o much_o as_o a_o chapel_n without_o consent_n of_o the_o bishop_n which_o if_o he_o do_v let_v he_o undergo_v the_o same_o censure_n which_o the_o canon_n have_v decree_v for_o a_o bishop_n that_o through_o ambition_n desire_v a_o great_a see_v that_o he_o lose_v what_o he_o have_v neither_o obtain_v that_o diocese_n which_o he_o assay_v to_o usurp_v it_o be_v likely_a therefore_o that_o not_o much_o practice_n of_o such_o inuestiture_n be_v until_o the_o end_n of_o these_o 400._o year_n wherein_o that_o controversy_n grow_v very_o pernicious_a to_o the_o empire_n and_o france_n and_o this_o our_o kingdom_n while_o the_o quaestion_n a_o investitura_fw-la sit_fw-la haeresis_fw-la whether_o inuestiture_n be_v a_o heresy_n trouble_a some_o of_o the_o learned_a as_o in_o iuo_o his_o epistle_n and_o other_o of_o goffridus_n vindocinensis_n be_v evident_a and_o other_o whether_o inuestiture_n be_v lawful_a as_o walthram_n the_o clergy_n of_o liege_n sigebertus_n etc._n etc._n and_o their_o adversary_n 93._o p._n 93._o but_o to_o follow_v he_o he_o say_v not_o until_o about_o the_o end_n of_o these_o 400._o year_n institution_n upon_o praesentation_n be_v not_o before_o common_o practise_v especial_o in_o the_o case_n of_o lay_v patron_n for_o which_o he_o cit_v council_n lat._n sub_fw-la alex._n 3._o c._n 9_o &_o 14._o extr._n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la patronatus_fw-la c._n 4.10.21_o &_o tit._n de_fw-fr institut_fw-la c._n 3._o &_o tit._n de_fw-fr praebend_n cap._n 3._o in_o lateranensi_fw-la which_o he_o say_v make_v that_o appear_v animad_fw-la 41_o but_o he_o that_o remember_v the_o canon_n and_o capitul_n before_o cite_v 83._o ad_fw-la p._n 83._o can_v think_v that_o institution_n by_o the_o bishop_n for_o the_o substance_n to_o wit_n the_o notice_n and_o approbation_n of_o the_o party_n upon_o praesentation_n to_o be_v so_o new_a neither_o do_v those_o canon_n make_v it_o otherwise_o appear_v but_o rather_o judge_v the_o contrary_a practice_n of_o any_o to_o be_v indeed_o usurpatious_a upon_o the_o regular_a and_o lawful_a course_n which_o be_v by_o institution_n and_o they_o be_v censure_v in_o his_o own_o quotation_n to_o be_v tantae_fw-la audaciae_fw-la of_o such_o boldness_n tit._n de_fw-fr jure_fw-la patr_n c._n praeterea_fw-la and_o the_o action_n de_fw-fr quibus_fw-la paenitentia_fw-la ducti_fw-la ipsi_fw-la patroni_fw-la which_o the_o patron_n repent_v of_o ibidem_fw-la c._n cum_fw-la laici_fw-la and_o they_o be_v style_v praesumentes_fw-la presumptuous_a c._n relatum_fw-la the_o action_n nulla_fw-la void_a the_o custom_n iniqua_fw-la consuetudo_fw-la a_o unjust_a perverse_a custom_n tit._n de_fw-fr institut_fw-la cap._n exit_fw-la fide_fw-la and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o quotation_n show_v they_o but_o irregularity_n and_o therefore_o not_o common_o practise_v he_o proceed_v to_o say_v that_o in_o appropriation_n 94._o p._n 94._o there_o do_v pass_v not_o only_o the_o title_n but_o all_o endowment_n the_o glebe_n and_o tithe_n but_o be_v make_v parochial_a by_o grant_n foundation_n or_o custom_n animad_fw-la 42_o especial_o that_o title_n of_o grant_n if_o he_o suppose_v it_o take_v immediate_o from_o the_o patron_n be_v false_a as_o before_o for_o it_o be_v prove_v to_o be_v grant_v by_o the_o bishop_n and_o again_o in_o that_o he_o say_v in_o some_o appropriation_n by_o provision_n of_o the_o patron_n or_o at_o their_o own_o pleasure_n they_o may_v present_v or_o not_o this_o can_v be_v show_v without_o that_o exemption_n by_o the_o bishop_n to_o who_o alone_o it_o belong_v to_o give_v a_o church_n to_o be_v enjoy_v pleno_fw-la jure_fw-la as_o afterward_o in_o this_o passage_n he_o presuppose_v in_o appropriation_n the_o only_a authority_n of_o the_o patron_n but_o that_o he_o
his_o opinion_n be_v no_o further_o free_v from_o censure_n to_o do_v against_o god_n law_n in_o not_o pay_v but_o only_o quia_fw-la non_fw-la petat_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la because_o the_o church_n to_o avoid_v scandal_n do_v not_o demand_v they_o which_o if_o it_o do_v all_o the_o old_a schoolman_n and_o antonine_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o then_o it_o be_v sin_n not_o to_o pay_v now_o concern_v the_o duty_n of_o demand_v let_v i_o only_o remember_v the_o say_n of_o a_o moderate_a papist_n 8._o in_o prior_n epist_n ad_fw-la tim._n digres_n lib._n 2._o cap._n 8._o claudius_n espencaeus_fw-la simili_fw-la casu_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la decimas_fw-la modo_fw-la differt_fw-la exigere_fw-la modo_fw-la simpliciter_fw-la non_fw-la petit_fw-la si_fw-la quibus_fw-la in_o locis_fw-la solui_fw-la non_fw-la consueverunt_fw-la ne_fw-la fideles_fw-la inassueti_fw-la &_o infirmi_fw-la incidant_fw-la in_o scandalum_fw-la aut_fw-la avertantur_fw-la à_fw-la fide_fw-la verum_fw-la iuri_fw-la ita_fw-la svo_fw-la cedere_fw-la non_fw-la semper_fw-la expedit_fw-la ut_fw-la enim_fw-la scandalum_fw-la pusillorum_fw-la ex_fw-la infirmitate_fw-la vel_fw-la ignorantia_fw-la ortum_fw-la totali_fw-la temporalium_fw-la dimissione_n sedandum_fw-la sit_fw-la non_fw-la tamen_fw-la ex_fw-la malitia_fw-la natum_fw-la quod_fw-la pharisaeorum_fw-la vocant_fw-la nec_fw-la propter_fw-la homines_fw-la malitiosè_fw-la scandala_fw-la concitantes_fw-la temporalia_fw-la quorum_fw-la sumus_fw-la domini_fw-la tribuenda_fw-la aut_fw-la non_fw-la repetenda_fw-la quanto_fw-la minus_fw-la quorum_fw-la sumus_fw-la depositarij_fw-la atque_fw-la conseruatores_fw-la sive_fw-la reip._n rectores_fw-la si_fw-la communia_fw-la ea_fw-la fuerint_fw-la sive_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la pastor_n si_fw-la sacra_fw-la and_o so_o i_o return_v to_o vindicate_v two_o english_a counsel_n in_o this_o chapter_n before_o from_o his_o exception_n 197._o pag._n 197._o the_o first_o of_o egbert_n archbishop_n of_o york_n who_o die_v anno_o 766._o out_n of_o his_o ms_n excerption_n in_o thesauro_fw-la cottoniano_n this_o title_n must_v undergo_v censure_n quoth_v he_o 1._o because_o in_o that_o collection_n some_o whole_a constitution_n occur_v in_o the_o same_o syllable_n as_o they_o be_v in_o the_o capitulary_n of_o charles_n the_o great_a which_o can_v not_o be_v know_v to_o egbert_n who_o die_v in_o the_o last_o year_n of_o pipin_n the_o father_n to_o charles_n 2._o because_o the_o word_n secundum_fw-la canonicam_fw-la authoritatem_fw-la decimas_fw-la coram_fw-la testibus_fw-la dividant_fw-la which_o be_v quote_v in_o this_o canon_n for_o tithe_n my_o show_n these_o excerption_n not_o to_o be_v so_o ancient_a for_o the_o ancient_a canonica_n authoritas_fw-la 3._o viti_n edit_n c._n 7._o leg._n longobard_fw-mi lib._n 3_o tit_n 8._o it_o shall_v be_v 3._o for_o divide_v tithe_n before_o witness_n be_v a_o old_a imperial_a attribute_v in_o some_o edition_n to_o the_o 11._o of_o charles_n the_o great_a be_v king_n of_o france_n in_o other_o to_o emperor_n lotharius_n the_o first_o but_o both_o these_o be_v after_o egbert_n therefore_o the_o canon_n not_o he_o 3._o the_o head_n of_o a_o synod_n under_o he_o be_v extant_a but_o not_o any_o express_a mention_n be_v find_v in_o they_o of_o tithe_n although_o most_o of_o the_o particular_n of_o church_n government_n be_v touch_v animad_fw-la 4_o before_o i_o make_v answer_n to_o his_o exception_n the_o author_n and_o the_o reader_n may_v take_v notice_n out_o of_o bale_n brit._n de_fw-fr script_n brit._n that_o these_o excerption_n be_v not_o collect_v by_o egbert_n but_o out_o of_o he_o by_o hucarius_n lenita_n about_o the_o year_n 1040_o qui_fw-la redegit_fw-la in_o compendium_n constitutiones_fw-la egberti_fw-la who_o epitomise_v the_o constitution_n of_o egbert_n wherefore_o the_o first_o exception_n well_o may_v have_v answer_n and_o admit_v excuse_v from_o the_o use_n of_o the_o middle_a time_n which_o often_o insert_v into_o one_o body_n and_o under_o one_o name_n law_n of_o different_a age_n which_o in_o this_o be_v write_v as_o he_o coniecture_v in_o the_o day_n of_o henry_n the_o first_o may_v happen_v but_o accept_v his_o answer_n let_v we_o consider_v whether_o this_o canon_n be_v insert_v and_o of_o a_o late_a brood_n this_o he_o will_v infer_v by_o his_o second_o exception_n in_o that_o the_o ancient_a canonica_n authoritas_fw-la ut_fw-la dividant_fw-la coram_fw-la testibus_fw-la be_v late_a than_o egbert_n as_o by_o the_o canon_n in_o two_o place_n quote_v be_v in_o both_o the_o same_o do_v appear_v but_o if_o in_o neither_o of_o the_o quotation_n there_o be_v such_o authority_n for_o such_o division_n to_o the_o ornament_n of_o the_o church_n the_o poor_a the_o clergy_n nor_o no_o such_o word_n of_o divisio_fw-la coram_fw-la testibus_fw-la but_o only_o a_o enquiry_n between_o the_o parson_n and_o parishioner_n coram_fw-la testibus_fw-la before_o witness_n whether_o they_o be_v pay_v ubi_fw-la datae_fw-la vel_fw-la non_fw-la datae_fw-la and_o no_o word_n de_fw-fr dividendo_fw-la be_v this_o then_o a_o fit_a censure_n nay_o second_o if_o a_o ancient_a canonica_n authoritas_fw-la may_v be_v show_v of_o divide_v coram_fw-la testibus_fw-la as_o in_o the_o council_n of_o antioch_n can_v 24._o there_o sint_fw-la manifesta_fw-la quae_fw-la ad_fw-la ecclesiam_fw-la pertinent_a cum_fw-la cognition_n presbyterorum_fw-la &_o diaconorum_fw-la quae_fw-la sunt_fw-la circa_fw-la eum_fw-la ut_fw-la sciant_fw-la &_o non_fw-la ignorent_fw-la let_v the_o good_n of_o the_o church_n be_v know_v to_o the_o priest_n and_o deacon_n what_o they_o be_v but_o more_o plain_o in_o the_o decretal_a epistle_n of_o gelasius_n 1._o cap._n 29._o there_o in_o the_o division_n of_o that_o to_o the_o poor_a he_o say_v quamuis_fw-la divinis_fw-la rationibus_fw-la se_fw-la dispensasse_fw-la monstraturus_fw-la videretur_fw-la tamen_fw-la iuxta_fw-la quod_fw-la scriptum_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la videant_fw-la opera_fw-la vestra_fw-la oportet_fw-la praesenti_fw-la testificatione_n praedicari_fw-la etc._n etc._n although_o he_o must_v give_v a_o account_n to_o god_n yet_o that_o man_n may_v see_v your_o good_a work_n let_v it_o be_v proclaim_v before_o witness_n beside_o a_o canon_n attribute_v to_o the_o council_n at_o aruerne_n anno_fw-la 535._o licitum_fw-la sit_fw-la episcopis_fw-la praesentibus_fw-la presbyteris_fw-la &_o diaconibus_fw-la de_fw-la thesauro_fw-la ecelesiae_fw-la familiae_fw-la &_o pauperibus_fw-la eiusdem_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la secundum_fw-la canonicam_fw-la institutionem_fw-la note_v the_o phrase_n iuxta_fw-la quod_fw-la indiguerint_fw-la erogare_fw-la let_v the_o bishop_n in_o the_o praesence_n of_o priest_n and_o deacon_n give_v unto_o the_o poor_a out_o or_o the_o treasure_n of_o the_o church_n and_o to_o his_o family_n according_a to_o the_o canonical_a constitution_n what_o they_o need_v and_o this_o very_a canon_n be_v repeat_v in_o concilio_n turonensi_fw-la anno_fw-la 813._o even_a under_o charlemagne_n where_o yet_o the_o canonica_n institutio_fw-la have_v not_o reference_n to_o the_o person_n before_o who_o but_o to_o the_o use_n upon_o which_o be_v not_o the_o second_o therefore_o a_o strange_a exception_n wherein_o neither_o quotation_n nor_o observation_n be_v true_a and_o be_v not_o the_o excerption_n of_o egbert_n wrong_v as_o for_o the_o three_o exception_n before_o repeat_v it_o be_v mere_o conjectural_a and_o because_o in_o such_o head_n in_o the_o general_a word_n oblation_n offering_n redditus_fw-la revenue_n facultates_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la estate_n of_o the_o church_n and_o such_o like_a tithe_n may_v be_v and_o no_o doubt_n be_v signify_v the_o exception_n be_v very_o insufficient_a be_v both_o on_o conjecture_n and_o from_o a_o negative_a especial_o since_o he_o do_v not_o cite_v any_o head_n of_o a_o canon_n touch_v church_n revenue_n which_o either_o in_o general_a term_n or_o in_o particular_a with_o a_o etc._n etc._n may_v demonstrate_v the_o truth_n of_o his_o relation_n but_o a_o good_a authority_n for_o the_o justify_n of_o egberts_n excerption_n be_v for_o that_o in_o the_o book_n statuta_fw-la synodorum_n that_o belong_v to_o st_n augustine_n in_o canturbury_n write_v about_o anno_fw-la 900._o and_o collect_v before_o the_o same_o word_n be_v quote_v as_o out_o of_o a_o former_a synod_n as_o himself_o relate_v pag._n 212._o 198._o p●g_v 198._o the_o second_o council_n or_o canon_n to_o be_v vindicate_v be_v the_o synodus_fw-la anglicana_n ad_fw-la ann._n 786._o under_o the_o two_o legate_n of_o adrian_n the_o first_o cite_v by_o the_o centurie_n writer_n tom._n 8._o cap._n 9_o pag._n 583._o edition_n basil_n 1567._o the_o exception_n be_v for_o that_o in_o the_o relation_n of_o the_o legate_n to_o the_o pope_n mention_n be_v of_o kenulph_n king_n of_o west_n saxony_n his_o join_v with_o offa_n in_o call_v the_o council_n but_o the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o decree_n have_v no_o reference_n unto_o he_o but_o by_o story_n and_o synchronisme_n kenulph_n perhaps_o can_v not_o have_v at_o all_o to_o do_v with_o it_o for_o some_o of_o our_o old_a monk_n express_o affirm_v that_o in_o the_o second_o year_n of_o brithric_n next_o successor_n after_o kenulphs_n death_n pope_n adrian_n send_v his_o legate_n how_o can_v kenulph_n be_v there_o then_o as_o the_o legate_n relate_v therefore_o after_o he_o say_v doubt_o if_o it_o be_v of_o
may_v in_o time_n be_v remit_v for_o with_o what_o conscience_n may_v a_o man_n retain_v his_o tithe_n and_o pay_v for_o it_o but_o a_o penny_n or_o halfpenny_n which_o be_v now_o xij_o penny_n or_o ij_o shilling_n and_o why_o shall_v the_o ten_o be_v less_o worth_n than_o any_o other_o of_o the_o nine_o part_n be_v that_o so_o god_n may_v have_v his_o right_n and_o all_o may_v have_v god_n blessing_n animadversion_n upon_o such_o passage_n in_o the_o review_n which_o either_o that_o worthy_a knight_n sr._n james_n sempill_n have_v not_o confute_v or_o be_v in_o the_o book_n before_o remember_v have_v read_v the_o book_n and_o then_o see_v the_o title_n of_o a_o review_n i_o hope_v some_o religious_a retractation_n or_o recognition_n what_o by_o the_o conscience_n of_o the_o weakness_n of_o his_o proof_n and_o what_o by_o the_o censure_n of_o his_o book_n shall_v have_v be_v publish_v ut_fw-la secundas_fw-la part_n habeat_fw-la modestiae_fw-la qui_fw-la primas_fw-la non_fw-la poterat_fw-la habere_fw-la sapientiae_fw-la but_o that_o partial_a conceit_n which_o each_o man_n have_v to_o the_o child_n of_o his_o own_o brain_n especial_o young_a man_n have_v engage_v he_o herein_o to_o defend_v with_o strange_a resolution_n what_o against_o all_o truth_n he_o have_v affirm_v whereof_o since_o in_o many_o place_n of_o my_o former_a refutation_n i_o have_v make_v mention_n and_o in_o some_o other_o be_o happy_o prevent_v i_o will_v only_o insist_v against_o those_o passage_n which_o be_v pretermit_v and_o to_o begin_v 461._o pag._n 461._o i_o must_v pass_v to_o the_o 4._o chapter_n wherein_o a_o new_a quotation_n of_o that_o great_a father_n epiphanius_n be_v propose_v and_o insist_v upon_o to_o prove_v that_o neither_o then_o tithe_n be_v pay_v nor_o to_o be_v pay_v because_o mere_o ceremonial_a as_o circumcision_n and_o the_o like_a the_o place_n quote_v be_v in_o haeresi_fw-la 50._o of_o the_o tessares-decatitae_a of_o who_o epiphanius_n say_v that_o except_o this_o heresy_n of_o celebrate_v easter_n on_o the_o fourteen_o moon_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d they_o have_v all_o thing_n as_o the_o church_n but_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o this_o heresy_n they_o propose_v the_o curse_n of_o the_o law_n against_o those_o that_o do_v otherwise_o to_o which_o epiphanius_n answer_v that_o so_o the_o law_n curse_v the_o uncircumcised_a and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d those_o that_o do_v not_o offer_v at_o jerusalem_n rank_v tithe_n among_o abrogate_a ceremony_n which_o they_o also_o yet_o agree_v in_o all_o thing_n with_o the_o church_n do_v not_o as_o may_v seem_v observe_v animad_fw-la 1_o damascen_n de_fw-fr imaginibus_fw-la orat._n 1._o in_o another_o case_n say_v of_o epiphanius_n una_fw-la hirundo_fw-la non_fw-la facit_fw-la ver_fw-la neque_fw-la unius_fw-la oratio_fw-la tanti_fw-la ponderis_fw-la est_fw-la ut_fw-la totius_fw-la ecclesiae_fw-la abortu_fw-la ad_fw-la occasum_fw-la solis_fw-la propagatae_fw-la mores_fw-la &_o instituta_fw-la possit_fw-la evertere_fw-la one_o swallow_n make_v no_o summer_n neither_o be_v the_o speech_n of_o one_o so_o weighty_a that_o it_o may_v overthrow_v the_o manner_n and_o ordinance_n of_o the_o whole_a church_n scatter_v from_o east_n to_o west_n i_o will_v not_o say_v so_o of_o epiphanius_n neither_o will_v i_o say_v as_o our_o author_n he_o do_v not_o sufficient_o understand_v and_o neither_o will_v i_o reprehend_v he_o for_o this_o as_o he_o be_v reject_v by_o all_o for_o his_o opinion_n of_o the_o feast_n of_o christ_n nativity_n but_o make_v answer_n from_o his_o own_o sense_n by_o repetition_n of_o his_o former_a word_n at_o hi_o quidem_fw-la omne_fw-la habent_fw-la velut_fw-la ecclesia_fw-la aberrant_n autem_fw-la ab_fw-la omnibus_fw-la eo_fw-la quod_fw-la non_fw-la consequentiae_fw-la &_o doctrinae_fw-la rituum_fw-la attendunt_fw-la judaicis_fw-la adhuc_fw-la fabulis_fw-la addicti_fw-la &_o neque_fw-la aequalia_fw-la ipsis_fw-la docent_fw-la but_o these_o have_v all_o thing_n like_o the_o church_n yet_o they_o err_v from_o all_o because_o they_o observe_v not_o the_o consequence_n and_o doctrine_n of_o the_o rite_n of_o the_o church_n but_o still_o be_v addict_v to_o jewish_a fable_n yet_o do_v not_o hold_v all_o as_o they_o do_v whence_o appear_v though_o as_o after_o it_o be_v say_v they_o agree_v in_o the_o principle_n of_o religion_n of_o the_o trinity_n of_o the_o book_n of_o scripture_n the_o resurrection_n of_o the_o dead_a yet_o that_o in_o these_o rite_n of_o the_o church_n by_o consequence_n derive_v from_o the_o doctrine_n of_o which_o sort_n be_v tithe_n they_o do_v err_v and_o be_v addict_v to_o the_o jewish_a ceremonial_a law_n they_o will_v observe_v the_o day_n of_o easter_n in_o the_o same_o time_n as_o they_o be_v observe_v for_o fear_n of_o a_o curse_n and_o yet_o will_v not_o tithe_n as_o they_o do_v and_o to_o who_o and_o where_o they_o do_v nor_o be_v circumcise_v since_o alike_o they_o shall_v observe_v the_o one_o as_o the_o other_o if_o they_o regard_v the_o curse_n of_o the_o law_n so_o that_o here_o epiphanius_n may_v seem_v to_o rank_n no_o tything_n with_o circumcision_n but_o such_o as_o be_v in_o the_o circumstance_n judaical_a not_o to_o condemn_v tything_n as_o he_o do_v circumcision_n but_o only_o tything_n to_o such_o person_n as_o legal_a priest_n be_v and_o in_o such_o place_n as_o the_o law_n praescribe_v this_o place_n make_v not_o against_o the_o substance_n of_o tithe_n but_o the_o manner_n and_o place_n of_o tything_n and_o herein_o direct_o follow_v eusebius_n demonstrat_n euangelicarum_fw-la lib._n 1._o cap._n 10._o whereas_o to_o omit_v his_o opinion_n as_o uncertain_a elsewhere_o for_o the_o practice_n of_o these_o time_n saint_n chrysostome_n his_o opposite_a and_o saint_n hierome_n his_o defender_n against_o john_n of_o jerusalem_n in_o the_o condemnation_n of_o origene_n may_v testify_v who_o authority_n both_o for_o the_o practice_n and_o right_n appear_v in_o the_o catalogue_n and_o in_o other_o place_n in_o the_o sixth_o chapter_n 467._o p._n 467._o review_v his_o opinion_n of_o arbitrarie_a consecration_n in_o the_o three_o 400._o year_n he_o put_v this_o demur_n to_o the_o consideration_n of_o the_o reader_n how_o otherwise_o can_v the_o founder_n and_o benefactor_n of_o monastery_n have_v make_v tithe_n part_v of_o their_o endowment_n the_o answer_n be_v ready_a animad_fw-la 1_o by_o translate_n ancient_o consecrate_v tithe_n by_o the_o consent_n and_o authority_n of_o the_o bishop_n for_o so_o founder_n and_o benefactor_n do_v assure_v they_o to_o monastery_n but_o thence_o he_o infer_v the_o validity_n of_o the_o donors_n act_n 11._o p._n 478_o ad_fw-la tit_n de_fw-la decimis_fw-la cap._n dudum_fw-la num_fw-la 11._o for_o that_o confirmatio_fw-la ex_fw-la proprio_fw-la significatu_fw-la denotat_fw-la firmitatem_fw-la actus_fw-la confirmati_fw-la as_o panormitan_n and_o nihil_fw-la iuris_fw-la novi_fw-la tribuit_fw-la sed_fw-la tantum_fw-la vetus_fw-la confirmat_fw-la as_o innocent_a 4._o ad_fw-la dictum_fw-la locum_fw-la etc._n etc._n animad_fw-la 2_o but_o first_o in_o these_o conveyance_n of_o tithe_n the_o act_n of_o the_o bishop_n be_v not_o only_o a_o confirmant_fw-la but_o a_o concedent_fw-la and_o confer_v act_n as_o by_o the_o form_n of_o gundulphus_n in_o his_o charter_n and_o of_o all_o such_o which_o at_o the_o time_n of_o the_o donation_n give_v their_o authority_n and_o second_o some_o confirmation_n may_v be_v ad_fw-la solemnitatem_fw-la actus_fw-la and_o so_o give_v no_o right_n other_o ad_fw-la necessitatem_fw-la actus_fw-la without_o which_o be_v no_o valide_fw-la act_n and_o three_o the_o distinction_n of_o angelus_n de_fw-fr clavasio_n in_o summa_fw-la verbo_fw-la confirmatio_fw-la summi_fw-la pontificis_fw-la may_v limit_v those_o rule_n confirmatio_fw-la summi_fw-la pontificis_fw-la ex_fw-la certa_fw-la scientia_fw-la facit_fw-la validum_fw-la quod_fw-la erat_fw-la nullum_fw-la respectu_fw-la iuris_fw-la positivi_fw-la facit_fw-la firmum_fw-la quod_fw-la aliâs_fw-la est_fw-la infirmum_fw-la solemn_a quod_fw-la non_fw-la est_fw-la solemn_a supplendo_fw-la defectus_fw-la solemnitatis_fw-la omissae_fw-la si_fw-mi vero_fw-la fiat_fw-la in_o forma_fw-la communi_fw-la non_fw-la ex_fw-la certa_fw-la scientia_fw-la nihil_fw-la iuris_fw-la tribuit_fw-la sed_fw-la solum_fw-la vetus_fw-la confirmat_fw-la the_o confirmation_n of_o the_o pope_n out_o of_o certain_a knowledge_n make_v that_o to_o be_v valide_fw-la which_o be_v void_a in_o law_n make_v that_o strong_a which_o be_v otherwise_o weak_a that_o solemn_a which_o be_v not_o solemn_a supply_v the_o defect_n of_o solemnity_n omit_v but_o if_o it_o be_v make_v in_o common_a form_n not_o out_o of_o certain_a knowledge_n it_o give_v no_o right_n but_o only_o confirm_v the_o old_a but_o he_o proceed_v and_o allow_v that_o since_o about_o the_o year_n 1200._o such_o grant_n even_o with_o confirmation_n after_o be_v disallow_v as_o appear_v out_o of_o the_o canon_n of_o innocent_a 3._o tit._n de_fw-fr his_o q._n f._n à_fw-la prael_fw-la cap._n 7_o cum_fw-la apostolica_fw-la and_o tit._n de_fw-fr decimis_fw-la c._n dudum_fw-la animad_fw-la 3_o but_o the_o first_o place_n be_v very_o false_o allege_v such_o grant_n