be_v form_v of_o day_n thus_o in_o the_o latin_a tongue_n which_o i_o believe_v no_o man_n in_o the_o world_n ever_o dream_v to_o be_v the_o primitive_a language_n we_o may_v say_v that_o god_n call_v the_o first_o man_n homo_fw-la because_o he_o be_v form_v ex_fw-la humo_fw-la i._n e._n out_o of_o the_o ground_n beside_o the_o same_o thing_n may_v accidental_o happen_v in_o the_o word_n isch_n and_o ischah_n as_o among_o the_o ancient_a latin_n spirit_n latin_n see_v what_o fetstus_n in_o querquetulana_n virae_fw-la say_v foeminas_fw-la antiqui_fw-la quas_fw-la nunc_fw-la dicimus_fw-la viras_n appellabant_fw-la unde_fw-la adhuc_fw-la permanent_a virgin_n &_o viragines_n st._n jerom_n use_v this_o last_o word_n who_o herein_o we_o have_v no_o mind_n to_o imitate_v because_o virago_n neither_o signify_v what_o ischa_n do_v in_o hebrew_a nor_o vira_fw-la in_o latin_a but_o a_o woman_n of_o a_o masculine_a spirit_n vir_fw-la and_o vira_fw-la be_v in_o use_n we_o may_v here_o produce_v the_o frequent_a alteration_n of_o name_n even_o of_o those_o we_o call_v proper_a but_o the_o reader_n may_v find_v they_o in_o the_o learned_a grotius_n annotation_n on_o gen._n 11.1_o and_o in_o huetius_n demonstratio_fw-la evangelica_n propos_fw-fr 4._o c._n 13._o §_o 4._o we_o shall_v at_o present_a content_n ourselves_o to_o give_v a_o instance_n or_o two_o not_o take_v notice_n of_o by_o they_o of_o a_o etymology_n happy_o express_v in_o another_o language_n every_o one_o have_v hear_v of_o a_o famous_a city_n in_o egypt_n which_o the_o greek_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o name_n for_o it_o be_v of_o greek_a extraction_n be_v right_o derive_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d from_o dirt_n because_o it_o be_v build_v in_o a_o dirty_a place_n for_o thus_o strabo_n in_o his_o seventeen_o book_n page_n 552._o of_o the_o geneva_n edition_n put_v out_o by_o casaubon_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d now_o if_o the_o book_n of_o the_o hebrew_n prophet_n be_v all_o lose_v who_o will_v not_o swear_v that_o this_o city_n have_v no_o other_o name_n who_o will_v not_o believe_v that_o it_o be_v build_v by_o some_o greek_n that_o settle_v there_o or_o by_o the_o posterity_n of_o lagus_n and_o bear_v this_o greek_a name_n ever_o since_o its_o beginning_n however_o it_o be_v undeniable_a from_o ezekiel_n 30.14_o 15._o that_o it_o be_v call_v sin_n by_o the_o egyptian_n which_o word_n signify_v dirt_n as_o bochart_n have_v observe_v phaleg_n l._n 4._o c._n 27._o the_o same_o have_v happen_v in_o the_o name_n of_o another_o place_n not_o far_o distant_a from_o pelusium_n diodorus_n siculus_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o bibliotheca_fw-la mighty_o commend_v actisanes_n the_o aethiopian_a who_o after_o he_o have_v conquer_v ammose_n king_n of_o the_o egyptian_n and_o subdue_v the_o whole_a country_n neither_o put_v the_o guilty_a to_o death_n nor_o yet_o whole_o dismiss_v they_o unpunished_a but_o carry_v multitude_n of_o the_o condemn_a he_o thus_o use_v they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d cut_v off_o their_o nose_n he_o transplant_v they_o into_o the_o far_a part_n of_o a_o desert_a region_n and_o build_v a_o city_n and_o call_v it_o from_o this_o accident_n rinocolura_n strabo_n in_o his_o sixteenth_o book_n make_v the_o same_o remark_n and_o so_o do_v stephanus_n upon_o this_o word_n now_o those_o person_n that_o do_v not_o know_v that_o the_o egyptian_n at_o this_o time_n do_v not_o speak_v greek_a will_v easy_o suffer_v themselves_o to_o be_v persuade_v especial_o see_v it_o name_v among_o the_o city_n of_o egypt_n that_o rinocolura_n be_v the_o very_a name_n by_o which_o this_o city_n go_v among_o the_o egyptian_n but_o if_o any_o one_o will_v rather_o desire_v to_o see_v example_n fetch_v from_o the_o holy_a scripture_n he_o may_v observe_v how_o the_o seventy_o interpreter_n turn_v the_o proper_a name_n of_o the_o bible_n into_o greek_a gen._n 11.9_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d babel_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d therefore_o the_o name_n of_o it_o be_v call_v confusion_n babel_n or_o babylon_n because_o there_o the_o lord_n confound_v the_o lip_n of_o the_o whole_a earth_n see_v likewise_o gen._n 31.47_o &_o 32.20_o nay_o what_o be_v high_o remarkable_a moses_n have_v derive_v the_o original_a of_o his_o own_o name_n from_o a_o hebrew_n word_n and_o have_v introduce_v the_o daughter_n of_o pharaoh_n speak_v hebrew_a who_o without_o question_n express_v herself_o in_o the_o egyptian_a tongue_n exod._n 2.10_o the_o child_n grow_v up_o and_o his_o nurse_n bring_v he_o to_o the_o daughter_n of_o pharaoh_n who_o call_v his_o name_n mosche_n because_o say_v she_o i_o draw_v he_o out_o of_o the_o water_n mishithinou_n and_o the_o reason_n of_o it_o be_v plain_a for_o since_o moses_n see_v he_o can_v easy_o imitate_v the_o egyptian_a origination_n in_o the_o hebrew_n tongue_n he_o make_v no_o scruple_n to_o bring_v in_o this_o princess_n express_v herself_o after_o that_o manner_n but_o in_o the_o egyptian_a tongue_n he_o be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v take_v out_o of_o the_o water_n for_o with_o the_o old_a egyptian_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v water_n and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d take_v out_o thus_o in_o the_o new_a testament_n he_o that_o be_v call_v by_o the_o syrian_n chipha_n or_o chepha_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d peter_n by_o the_o greek_n and_o so_o that_o paronomasia_n which_o our_o saviour_n use_v in_o the_o hebrew_n or_o syro-chaldaïc_a be_v convenient_o enough_o translate_v into_o the_o greek_a tongue_n matt._n 16.17_o however_o i_o will_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v think_v to_o affirm_v that_o the_o name_n of_o adam_n and_o suchlike_a be_v change_v for_o it_o may_v so_o happen_v that_o both_o the_o primitive_n and_o derivative_n of_o the_o first_o language_n be_v often_o preserve_v in_o the_o hebrew_n but_o we_o must_v not_o conclude_v from_o thence_o that_o therefore_o adam_n speak_v pure_a hebrew_a there_o be_v some_o name_n which_o with_o equal_a felicity_n may_v be_v deduce_v out_o of_o the_o chaldee_n as_o for_o instance_n the_o name_n hhavah_n for_o hhai_n signify_v live_v no_o less_o in_o chaldee_n than_o it_o do_v in_o hebrew_a nay_o there_o be_v some_o name_n which_o can_v analogical_o be_v derive_v from_o the_o hebrew_a root_n although_o moses_n deduce_v they_o from_o those_o root_n which_o if_o we_o shall_v urge_v as_o the_o rabbin_n do_v to_o support_v the_o contrary_a opinion_n we_o shall_v from_o thence_o conclude_v that_o the_o hebrew_n tongue_n have_v no_o affinity_n with_o the_o language_n of_o the_o antediluvian_o thus_o gen._n 2.1_o and_o she_o bring_v forth_o cain_n and_o say_v i_o have_v get_v kanithi_o a_o man_n of_o the_o lord_n the_o name_n kajin_n according_a to_o the_o common_a rule_n aught_o to_o be_v deduce_v from_o koun_n which_o signify_v to_o lament_v in_o pihel_n as_o kajit_v the_o summer_n from_o kout_v tsaiid_v hunting_n from_o tsoud_a and_o several_a more_o of_o the_o like_a nature_n from_o the_o root_n kanah_n we_o shall_v more_o proper_o deduce_v kanovi_n now_o as_o we_o have_v observe_v if_o we_o be_v mind_v to_o copy_n after_o the_o rabbin_n and_o follow_v their_o conduct_n we_o may_v say_v that_o from_o hence_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o hebrew_n tongue_n be_v not_o the_o first_o since_o moses_n be_v not_o able_a to_o express_v in_o it_o the_o etymology_n of_o the_o word_n kain_n we_o may_v gather_v the_o same_o from_o genesis_n chap._n 5._o v._n 29._o where_o the_o father_n of_o noah_n call_v the_o name_n of_o his_o son_n noahh_v say_v he_o will_v comfort_v we_o jenahhamenou_n for_o if_o we_o be_v to_o derive_v the_o name_n of_o this_o restorer_n of_o mankind_n from_o nahham_n we_o ought_v to_o have_v call_v he_o nohhem_n that_o be_v to_o say_v a_o comforter_n not_o noahh_n which_o can_v be_v deduce_v from_o nothing_o else_o but_o noahh_o quievit_fw-la so_o that_o if_o a_o few_o happy_a etymology_n will_v prove_v the_o antediluvian_n language_n to_o have_v be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o hebrew_n sure_o those_o of_o a_o different_a nature_n will_v demonstrate_v the_o contrary_n but_o since_o both_o these_o proposition_n can_v be_v true_a what_o remain_v but_o that_o we_o shall_v own_v that_o the_o hebrew_n language_n be_v not_o indeed_o the_o first_o but_o the_o offspring_n of_o it_o as_o be_v likewise_o the_o chaldee_n and_o arabic_a and_o that_o some_o remainder_n of_o it_o be_v still_o preserve_v in_o these_o three_o dialect_n true_a it_o be_v that_o the_o original_a of_o the_o name_n of_o tubal_n cain_n which_o be_v neither_o to_o be_v trace_v out_o of_o hebrew_n nor_o chaldee_n be_v plain_o find_v in_o the_o arabic_a as_o we_o have_v show_v at_o the_o three_o they_o three_o
mediterranean-sea_n and_o the_o jordan_n but_o by_o no_o mean_n bring_v it_o thither_o out_o of_o chaldaea_n neither_o can_v i_o discover_v after_o the_o severe_a examination_n the_o least_o absurdity_n in_o this_o opinion_n for_o here_o we_o have_v a_o chaldean_a remove_n himself_o with_o his_o whole_a family_n into_o another_o country_n and_o have_v past_o the_o euphrates_n and_o jordan_n wander_v up_o and_o down_o canaan_n for_o a_o hundred_o year_n enter_v into_o covenant_n with_o the_o old_a inhabitant_n acquire_v a_o prodigious_a wealth_n among_o they_o marry_v several_a concubine_n get_v child_n life_n in_o mighty_a credit_n and_o reputation_n and_o consequent_o have_v frequent_a conversation_n with_o they_o now_o after_o all_o this_o can_v any_o one_o think_v it_o strange_a that_o he_o learn_v a_o language_n which_o have_v so_o great_a a_o affinity_n with_o his_o own_o mother-tongue_n and_o that_o his_o whole_a family_n conform_v themselves_o in_o their_o speech_n to_o the_o native_n of_o the_o place_n add_v to_o this_o that_o isaac_n pass_v his_o whole_a and_o jacob_n the_o better_a part_n of_o his_o life_n among_o they_o that_o the_o child_n of_o they_o both_o be_v bring_v up_o in_o the_o same_o country_n and_o have_v their_o wife_n from_o thence_o so_o that_o upon_o a_o due_a survey_n of_o the_o matter_n it_o have_v be_v a_o downright_a miracle_n if_o they_o have_v still_o preserve_v the_o chaldean_a tongue_n so_o little_a reason_n have_v we_o to_o wonder_v that_o the_o canaanitish_a language_n become_v familiar_a to_o these_o people_n and_o therefore_o i_o look_v upon_o that_o opinion_n to_o be_v ill_o ground_v which_o suppose_v that_o the_o israelite_n speak_v a_o different_a language_n from_o the_o people_n of_o canaan_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o isaiah_n plain_o call_v hebrew_n the_o language_n of_o canaan_n chap._n 19.18_o in_o that_o day_n say_v he_o there_o shall_v be_v five_o city_n in_o the_o land_n of_o egypt_n which_o shall_v speak_v the_o lip_n of_o canaan_n which_o be_v all_o one_o as_o if_o he_o have_v say_v the_o language_n of_o canaan_n for_o the_o word_n lip_n both_o there_o and_o in_o gen._n 11.1_o signify_v speech_n because_o the_o lip_n be_v no_o less_o serviceable_a in_o speak_v than_o the_o tongue_n itself_o nor_o be_v this_o opinion_n support_v by_o bare_a probability_n or_o to_o be_v call_v a_o conjecture_n mere_o deduce_v from_o the_o name_n for_o bochart_n in_o the_o second_o book_n of_o his_o canaan_n chap._n 1._o have_v full_o demonstrate_v it_o to_o be_v ground_v upon_o truth_n which_o we_o shall_v lay_v down_o before_o the_o reader_n in_o a_o few_o word_n because_o in_o some_o particular_n we_o dissent_v from_o that_o admirable_a man._n his_o first_o and_o strong_a argument_n to_o prove_v the_o language_n of_o the_o canaanite_n to_o be_v the_o same_o with_o that_o of_o the_o hebrew_n be_v bring_v from_o the_o name_n of_o man_n and_o place_n which_o be_v pure_o hebrew_a n._n fuller_n in_o the_o four_o book_n of_o his_o miscellany_n chap._n 4._o maintain_v the_o contrary_a opinion_n though_o i_o grant_v say_v he_o all_o those_o name_n to_o be_v pure_o hebrew_a yet_o i_o deny_v that_o any_o of_o they_o be_v canaanitish_a name_n or_o give_v by_o those_o people_n i_o rather_o believe_v that_o the_o old_a name_n that_o be_v impose_v by_o the_o canaanite_n the_o primitive_a inhabitant_n of_o that_o country_n be_v afterward_o pronounce_v and_o expound_v by_o the_o hebrew_n who_o succeed_v they_o in_o that_o land_n after_o the_o hebrew_n manner_n which_o hypothesis_n be_v it_o true_a no_o argument_n can_v be_v form_v out_o of_o the_o antediluvian_n name_n to_o prove_v the_o antiquity_n of_o the_o hebrew_n language_n and_o yet_o fuller_n will_v not_o willing_o grant_v this_o nor_o indeed_o any_o of_o the_o patron_n of_o this_o opinion_n but_o in_o truth_n this_o be_v no_o better_a than_o a_o chimaera_n to_o which_o the_o holy_a scripture_n give_v not_o the_o least_o countenance_n for_o though_o we_o shall_v allow_v that_o some_o of_o these_o word_n be_v disguise_v with_o a_o hebrew_n sound_n and_o termination_n yet_o who_o can_v imagine_v that_o all_o of_o they_o be_v serve_v after_o this_o manner_n and_o that_o neither_o moses_n nor_o joshua_n shall_v in_o one_o single_a line_n inform_v we_o that_o they_o change_v all_o the_o name_n before_o the_o israelite_n possess_v themselves_o of_o the_o land_n of_o canaan_n now_o beside_o that_o this_o be_v altogether_o incredible_a and_o without_o precedent_n there_o be_v two_o thing_n that_o demonstrate_v it_o to_o be_v absolute_o false_a one_o be_v that_o moses_n and_o joshua_n give_v we_o a_o account_n of_o the_o alteration_n make_v in_o several_a name_n by_o which_o it_o appear_v that_o this_o be_v the_o particular_a case_n of_o some_o few_o city_n and_o not_o common_a to_o they_o all_o consult_v gen._n 23.2_o as_o also_o numb_a 32.38_o and_o joshua_n 15.13_o 14._o c._n 19.47_o the_o other_o be_v that_o not_o only_o the_o name_n of_o those_o city_n in_o the_o possession_n of_o the_o israelite_n be_v of_o hebrew_n extraction_n but_o also_o of_o the_o neighbour_a place_n which_o they_o have_v not_o subdue_v as_o gaza_n asdod_n gâ—th_n hekron_n ascalon_n which_o belong_v to_o the_o philistine_n tyrus_n sidon_n barepta_n etc._n etc._n the_o second_o argument_n to_o prove_v the_o canaanean_a original_a of_o the_o hebrew_n tongue_n be_v deduce_v from_o hence_o that_o though_o the_o sacred_a writer_n express_o tell_v we_o that_o several_a of_o the_o neighbour_a nation_n be_v of_o a_o language_n different_a from_o the_o hebrew_n yet_o there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o thing_n like_o this_o say_v of_o the_o canaanite_n we_o have_v already_o take_v notice_n that_o this_o be_v frequent_o observe_v of_o the_o chaldean_n the_o people_n of_o egypt_n be_v call_v lohez_n psalm_n 114.1_o that_o be_v to_o say_v barbarous_a beside_o there_o be_v a_o interpreter_n between_o joseph_n who_o pretend_v himself_o to_o be_v a_o egyptian_a and_o his_o brethren_n see_v gen._n 42.23_o likewise_o psal_n 81.6_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n though_o the_o hebrew_n maintain_v such_o frequent_a correspondence_n with_o the_o canaanite_n and_o transact_v so_o much_o business_n with_o they_o from_o abraham_n down_o to_o joshua_n yet_o we_o find_v not_o the_o least_o mention_n of_o a_o interpreter_n pass_v between_o they_o the_o three_o argument_n arise_v from_o the_o very_a use_n of_o the_o interpreter_n who_o joseph_n employ_v for_o if_o only_a jacob_n family_n speak_v hebrew_n how_o be_v it_o possible_a for_o joseph_n to_o get_v a_o interpreter_n he_o can_v have_v no_o other_o but_o some_o fugitive_n servant_n who_o will_v have_v soon_o know_v both_o joseph_n and_o his_o brethren_n the_o four_o be_v by_o bochart_n derive_v from_o the_o remainder_n of_o the_o phoenician_n tongue_n which_o in_o the_o second_o book_n of_o his_o canaan_n he_o imply_v demonstrate_v to_o be_v pure_o hebrew_n we_o shall_v add_v a_o five_o which_o proceed_v from_o the_o manifest_a footstep_n of_o paganism_n that_o be_v easy_o to_o be_v trace_v in_o this_o language_n for_o since_o tongue_n be_v image_n of_o the_o sentiment_n of_o our_o mind_n and_o be_v form_v and_o model_v according_a to_o the_o opinion_n of_o those_o people_n that_o use_v they_o it_o can_v otherwise_o happen_v but_o that_o the_o common_a speech_n of_o any_o country_n must_v derive_v a_o great_a tincture_n from_o the_o receive_a opinion_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n thus_o learned_a critic_n have_v observe_v that_o the_o arabian_n have_v more_o than_o five_o hundred_o name_n for_o a_o lion_n more_o than_o a_o thousand_o for_o a_o sword_n two_o hundred_o at_o least_o for_o a_o serpent_n and_o fourscore_o for_o honey_n the_o reason_n of_o it_o be_v because_o the_o arabian_n use_v frequent_o to_o talk_v of_o these_o thing_n since_o their_o country_n be_v so_o pester_v with_o lion_n and_o serpent_n be_v inhabit_v by_o a_o warlike_a people_n and_o abound_v in_o honey_n it_o be_v a_o easy_a matter_n to_o observe_v both_o in_o the_o greek_a and_o latin_a tongue_n though_o we_o be_v destitute_a of_o all_o other_o argument_n which_o be_v indeed_o innumerable_a that_o the_o greek_n and_o latin_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o the_o god_n behold_v the_o action_n of_o mankind_n and_o be_v faithful_a witness_n of_o the_o truth_n from_o those_o frequent_a form_n of_o swear_v which_o they_o use_v so_o everlasting_o in_o all_o their_o conversation_n i_o will_v not_o give_v myself_o the_o trouble_n to_o confirm_v a_o truth_n which_o be_v support_v by_o so_o many_o example_n not_o to_o mention_v the_o custom_n of_o all_o the_o modern_a language_n but_o come_v immediate_o to_o the_o point_n the_o hebrew_n tongue_n which_o flourish_v and_o be_v for_o some_o time_n cultivate_v by_o the_o canaanite_n a_o people_n who_o have_v strange_a notion_n of_o the_o divinity_n and_o be_v infect_v with_o polytheism_n retain_v
the_o reader_n as_o brief_o as_o we_o can_v what_o be_v mean_v by_o the_o word_n interpret_v for_o we_o do_v not_o here_o design_n to_o deliver_v all_o the_o rule_n of_o that_o art_n now_o since_o they_o that_o speak_v make_v use_n of_o certain_a word_n or_o form_n of_o speak_v in_o order_n to_o be_v understand_v by_o other_o and_o to_o raise_v the_o same_o motion_n and_o affection_n of_o the_o mind_n in_o their_o hearer_n as_o they_o feel_v themselves_o those_o may_v be_v say_v to_o interpret_v other_o man_n word_n if_o we_o take_v the_o word_n in_o a_o large_a acceptation_n whoso_o express_v they_o in_o another_o tongue_n that_o they_o who_o hear_v the_o interpreter_n speak_v think_v altogether_o the_o same_o thing_n in_o the_o very_a same_o order_n and_o manner_n as_o the_o person_n that_o speak_v first_o will_v have_v they_o if_o all_o language_n be_v equal_o copious_a and_o furnish_v with_o word_n of_o the_o same_o force_n and_o energy_n we_o may_v safe_o then_o render_v word_n for_o word_n and_o phrase_n for_o phrase_n and_o consequent_o we_o shall_v only_o have_v occasion_n for_o a_o literal_a simple_a translation_n but_o since_o language_n do_v not_o answer_v one_o another_o so_o exact_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o make_v a_o verbal_a translation_n if_o the_o narration_n be_v somewhat_o long_o many_o thing_n must_v of_o necessity_n be_v explain_v in_o sewer_n or_o more_o word_n as_o the_o occasion_n demand_v if_o the_o interpreter_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o be_v understand_v and_o to_o gain_v that_o point_n in_o the_o mind_n of_o his_o hearer_n as_o he_o who_o interpreter_n he_o be_v desire_n he_o shall_v nay_o sometime_o though_o we_o increase_v or_o diminish_v the_o number_n of_o word_n yet_o the_o same_o notion_n can_v be_v express_v in_o two_o language_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o diversity_n of_o the_o idiom_n a_o infinite_a number_n of_o word_n and_o expression_n whether_o figurative_a or_o proper_a be_v so_o peculiar_a to_o their_o own_o tongue_n that_o they_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n be_v transfuse_v into_o another_o without_o a_o long_a and_o troublesome_a circumlocution_n which_o can_v be_v insert_v into_o a_o translation_n from_o hence_o it_o be_v easy_a to_o conclude_v that_o no_o translation_n can_v be_v in_o all_o respect_n complete_a that_o be_v to_o say_v such_o a_o translation_n that_o after_o the_o peruse_n of_o it_o the_o reader_n shall_v think_v the_o very_a same_o thing_n and_o be_v affect_v after_o the_o same_o manner_n as_o if_o he_o understand_v the_o language_n out_o of_o which_o the_o version_n be_v make_v and_o be_v able_a to_o draw_v for_o himself_o out_o of_o the_o original_a fountain_n and_o as_o this_o hold_v certain_o true_a in_o all_o language_n in_o the_o world_n so_o it_o be_v most_o sensible_o perceive_v in_o the_o latin_a translation_n of_o the_o hebrew_n book_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o vast_a disagreement_n between_o the_o hebrew_n and_o latin_a tongue_n as_o we_o shall_v more_o full_o demonstrate_v below_o we_o know_v indeed_o that_o the_o ancient_a jew_n and_o christian_n who_o be_v ignorant_a of_o the_o hebrew_n tongue_n think_v the_o greek_a version_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n but_o especial_o that_o of_o the_o pentateuch_n common_o say_v to_o be_v do_v by_o the_o lxx_o interpreter_n to_o be_v the_o most_o absolute_a thing_n in_o its_o kind_n that_o ever_o be_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n whether_o the_o chaldean_n learn_v the_o greek_a tongue_n or_o the_o greek_n the_o chaldean_a tongue_n and_o light_n upon_o both_o scripture_n the_o chaldean_a and_o that_o into_o which_o it_o be_v translate_v they_o admire_v and_o adore_v they_o as_o sister_n or_o rather_o as_o one_o and_o the_o same_o both_o in_o word_n and_o thing_n not_o content_a to_o call_v they_o interpreter_n but_o prophet_n and_o revealer_n of_o heavenly_a thing_n that_o happy_o express_v the_o genuine_a thought_n of_o moses_n with_o a_o most_o pure_a spirit_n these_o be_v philo_n word_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr vitâ_fw-la mosis_fw-la which_o we_o can_v hearty_o wish_v be_v as_o true_a as_o they_o be_v remote_a from_o truth_n we_o shall_v then_o have_v the_o best_a and_o sure_a interpreter_n of_o moses_n and_o the_o exemplar_n of_o a_o perfect_a translation_n which_o they_o be_v very_o far_o from_o oblige_v the_o world_n with_o but_o since_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o what_o philo_n pretend_v be_v do_v by_o the_o lxx_o interpreter_n be_v impossible_a to_o be_v perform_v by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a difference_n of_o language_n as_o it_o have_v be_v already_o observe_v we_o do_v not_o therefore_o attempt_v to_o translate_v the_o old_a testament_n because_o we_o hope_v that_o those_o who_o be_v only_o well_o skilled_a in_o latin_a may_v be_v able_a after_o the_o read_n of_o our_o translation_n to_o reach_v the_o meaning_n of_o the_o prophet_n as_o well_o as_o those_o that_o understand_v hebrew_n and_o hear_v they_o speak_v in_o their_o own_o native_a tongue_n we_o think_v it_o be_v enough_o to_o aspire_v towards_o it_o as_o far_o as_o the_o most_o different_a idiom_n of_o the_o two_o language_n will_v give_v we_o leave_v and_o since_o without_o take_v too_o great_a a_o liberty_n we_o can_v not_o bend_v the_o hebrew_n phrase_n to_o the_o genius_n of_o the_o latin_a tongue_n we_o often_o express_v the_o hebraism_n word_n for_o word_n especial_o such_o as_o the_o christian_a world_n have_v be_v long_o accustom_a to_o or_o whenever_o we_o do_v not_o certain_o understand_v the_o meaning_n of_o any_o place_n of_o which_o more_o hereafter_o but_o because_o the_o hebrew_n phrase_n and_o manner_n of_o expression_n be_v different_a from_o all_o other_o will_v give_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o trouble_n to_o those_o that_o be_v only_o acquaint_v with_o latin_a we_o have_v add_v a_o plain_a paraphrase_n more_o suit_v to_o the_o nature_n of_o that_o tongue_n by_o the_o read_n of_o which_o if_o they_o can_v attain_v to_o the_o very_a word_n of_o moses_n yet_o since_o we_o have_v in_o the_o same_o order_n express_v that_o in_o latin_a which_o moses_n do_v in_o hebrew_n they_o will_v in_o some_o measure_n comprehend_v his_o sense_n and_o not_o as_o i_o imagine_v deviate_v much_o from_o the_o true_a meaning_n of_o the_o text._n by_o this_o mean_n what_o we_o be_v not_o able_a to_o compass_v by_o one_o single_a version_n perhaps_o we_o may_v perform_v by_o the_o help_n of_o the_o paraphrase_n but_o after_o all_o we_o think_v we_o shall_v not_o full_o satisfy_v the_o curiosity_n if_o not_o of_o the_o most_o learned_a yet_o of_o those_o who_o be_v not_o altogether_o stranger_n to_o hebrew_n if_o we_o do_v not_o in_o our_o annotation_n explain_v the_o hebraism_n opinion_n custom_n rite_n the_o allusion_n to_o they_o and_o the_o nature_n of_o place_n as_o far_o as_o we_o can_v arrive_v to_o the_o knowledge_n of_o they_o and_o give_v a_o account_n of_o our_o whole_a translation_n and_o paraphrase_n thus_o in_o our_o paraphrase_n we_o have_v in_o a_o few_o word_n show_v what_o our_o opinion_n be_v and_o in_o our_o annotation_n more_o at_o large_a why_o we_o be_v of_o that_o opinion_n nevertheless_o there_o be_v something_o in_o the_o paraphrase_n which_o be_v not_o always_o to_o be_v find_v in_o our_o annotation_n for_o in_o the_o former_a the_o reader_n will_v discover_v the_o connexion_n and_o series_n of_o the_o whole_a oration_n which_o for_o brevity_n sake_n we_o can_v not_o always_o attend_v in_o our_o comment_n beside_o we_o have_v observe_v both_o by_o our_o own_o and_o the_o experience_n of_o other_o that_o especial_o in_o difficult_a book_n notwithstanding_o the_o annotation_n of_o learned_a man_n upon_o every_o word_n the_o connexion_n be_v very_o often_o obscure_a so_o that_o though_o all_o the_o word_n be_v well_o enough_o understand_v yet_o the_o force_n and_o order_n of_o the_o reason_n do_v not_o appear_v therefore_o we_o think_v ourselves_o oblige_v to_o obviate_v this_o inconvenience_n by_o make_v a_o continue_a paraphrase_n after_o the_o example_n of_o several_a judicious_a do_v judicious_a as_o the_o learned_a publisher_n of_o the_o book_n in_o usum_fw-la delphini_n have_v general_o do_v author_n which_o conduct_n if_o it_o do_v not_o seem_v altogether_o so_o necessary_a in_o historical_a write_n as_o some_o who_o have_v not_o due_o consider_v the_o matter_n may_v imagine_v yet_o the_o great_a usefulness_n of_o it_o will_v at_o least_o appear_v in_o the_o hagiographi_fw-la as_o they_o be_v call_v and_o the_o book_n of_o the_o prophet_n however_o i_o dare_v without_o vanity_n affirm_v that_o several_a who_o after_o they_o have_v read_v the_o translation_n think_v they_o understand_v the_o series_n of_o the_o oration_n well_o enough_o will_n if_o they_o cast_v their_o eye_n on_o our_o paraphrase_n even_o in_o the_o historical_a book_n confess_v that_o they_o miss_v several_a thing_n which_o they_o fancy_v
be_v communicate_v to_o he_o by_o god_n nor_o though_o such_o a_o thing_n be_v possible_a yet_o since_o moses_n be_v silent_a in_o the_o matter_n dare_v any_o one_o pretend_v to_o affirm_v it_o as_o a_o undoubted_a truth_n but_o only_o the_o rabbin_n who_o be_v never_o ashamed_a of_o lie_v and_o who_o assertion_n consequent_o be_v not_o much_o to_o be_v regard_v now_o it_o scarce_o seem_v probable_a that_o so_o many_o name_n and_o the_o particular_n of_o so_o many_o year_n can_v be_v hand_v down_o by_o tradition_n it_o be_v much_o more_o probable_a that_o the_o ancient_a patriarch_n leave_v they_o in_o write_v and_o so_o transmit_v they_o to_o their_o posterity_n which_o monument_n come_v into_o the_o hand_n of_o moses_n he_o diligent_o copy_v and_o connect_v they_o with_o the_o history_n of_o his_o own_o age_n for_o what_o design_n and_o purpose_n we_o shall_v afterward_o inquire_v now_o what_o sort_n of_o write_n they_o be_v and_o how_o numerous_a only_o those_o person_n can_v inform_v we_o who_o live_v in_o those_o time_n if_o they_o be_v restore_v to_o life_n again_o we_o conjecture_v that_o some_o of_o they_o be_v write_v carminibus_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o verse_n of_o the_o same_o termination_n wherein_o we_o shall_v at_o some_o better_a convenience_n show_v the_o poetry_n of_o the_o hebrew_n to_o consist_v habuere_fw-la consist_v lamech_n speech_n gen._n 4.23_o m._n le_fw-fr clerk_n have_v observe_v to_o consist_v of_o word_n of_o the_o same_o termination_n in_o the_o hebrew_n and_o it_o be_v his_o opinion_n that_o moses_n borrow_a abundance_n of_o passage_n from_o ancient_a verse_n in_o which_o antiquity_n use_v to_o preserve_v the_o memory_n of_o all_o remarkable_a transaction_n before_o the_o discovery_n of_o letter_n the_o same_o remark_n he_o make_v upon_o chap._n 7.11_o add_v that_o there_o be_v something_o of_o a_o poetical_a spirit_n in_o the_o latter_a but_o i_o look_v upon_o this_o criticism_n to_o be_v ill_o ground_v for_o why_o may_v not_o such_o a_o passage_n fall_v from_o moses_n unaware_o as_o well_o as_o this_o hexameter_n verse_n from_o tully_n in_o one_o of_o his_o oration_n in_o quâ_fw-la i_o non_fw-la inficior_fw-la mediocriter_fw-la esse_fw-la beside_o who_o will_v conclude_v that_o tacitus_n compile_v his_o history_n out_o of_o poetical_a monument_n because_o he_o begin_v with_o urbem_fw-la roman_n à _fw-la principio_fw-la reges_fw-la habuere_fw-la see_v our_o note_n upon_o chap._n 4.23_o 24._o and_o chap._n 7.11_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o almost_o all_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n preserve_v the_o fragment_n of_o their_o ancient_a history_n in_o verse_n as_o several_a learned_a man_n have_v prove_v and_o it_o appear_v that_o even_o among_o the_o hebrew_n in_o moses_n time_n the_o memory_n of_o great_a action_n be_v celebrate_v in_o verse_n which_o the_o people_n learn_v by_o heart_n as_o the_o song_n of_o moses_n himself_o that_o be_v extant_a both_o in_o exodus_fw-la 15._o and_o deuteronomy_n 32._o demonstrate_v nay_o god_n himself_o command_v the_o latter_a to_o be_v learn_v by_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n as_o we_o find_v in_o deut._n 31.29_o nor_o ought_v any_o one_o to_o wonder_v that_o we_o carry_v the_o beginning_n of_o poetry_n so_o high_a since_o music_n by_o the_o invention_n of_o some_o instrument_n flourish_v even_o before_o the_o deluge_n as_o moses_n express_o tell_v we_o gen._n 4.21_o nay_o it_o be_v probable_a that_o man_n employ_v themselves_o in_o vocal_a music_n before_o they_o think_v of_o the_o instrumental_a but_o though_o some_o few_o memorable_a transaction_n may_v be_v preserve_v in_o verse_n which_o the_o long-lived_a patriarch_n perhaps_o may_v have_v by_o heart_n yet_o a_o chronology_n include_v the_o calculation_n of_o so_o many_o year_n seem_v too_o unruly_a a_o argument_n to_o have_v be_v include_v in_o they_o and_o moses_n make_v mention_n of_o the_o book_n of_o the_o battle_n of_o the_o lord_n of_o which_o we_o shall_v treat_v when_o we_o come_v to_o number_n 21.14_o the_o second_o sort_n of_o thing_n which_o we_o read_v in_o the_o pentateuch_n it_o be_v evident_a be_v write_v by_o moses_n himself_o first_o god_n command_v he_o to_o write_v the_o law_n and_o moses_n be_v according_o say_v to_o have_v write_v it_o in_o exodus_fw-la 34.27_o god_n after_o he_o have_v repeat_v the_o chief_a precept_n of_o the_o law_n thus_o speak_v to_o moses_n write_v thou_o these_o word_n for_o after_o the_o tenor_n of_o these_o word_n i_o have_v make_v a_o covenant_n with_o thou_o and_o with_o israel_n but_o in_o exodus_fw-la 24.4_o after_o several_a law_n be_v make_v moses_n be_v say_v to_o have_v write_v all_o the_o word_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o frequent_a mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o book_n of_o the_o covenant_n or_o law_n as_o in_o the_o seven_o verse_n of_o the_o same_o chapter_n in_o deuteronomy_n 28.58_o if_o thou_o will_v not_o observe_v say_v moses_n to_o do_v all_o the_o word_n of_o this_o law_n that_o be_v write_v in_o this_o book_n which_o perhaps_o he_o then_o hold_v in_o his_o hand_n see_v likewise_o v._n 61._o and_o chap._n 29.20_o 27._o where_o the_o curse_n be_v say_v to_o be_v write_v in_o it_o this_o do_v moses_n deliver_v to_o the_o levite_n chap._n 31.9_o and_o command_v it_o v._o 26._o to_o be_v put_v in_o the_o side_n of_o the_o ark_n that_o it_o may_v be_v a_o witness_n against_o israel_n mention_n be_v make_v of_o the_o same_o book_n as_o if_o it_o comprehend_v all_o the_o divine_a law_n after_o the_o death_n of_o moses_n joshua_n 1.8_o where_o joshua_n be_v command_v by_o god_n not_o to_o suffer_v that_o book_n to_o depart_v out_o of_o his_o mouth_n that_o be_v perpetual_o to_o read_v it_o and_o administer_v justice_n to_o the_o people_n out_o of_o the_o law_n deliver_v in_o it_o see_v likewise_o chap._n 8.31_o it_o be_v true_a indeed_o that_o the_o jew_n by_o the_o word_n thorah_n law_n be_v use_v to_o understand_v the_o whole_a pentateuch_n nevertheless_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o it_o be_v of_o a_o doubtful_a signification_n and_o may_v signify_v more_o or_o few_o law_n so_o joshua_n 8.32_o it_o be_v say_v that_o joshua_n write_v a_o copy_n of_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n upon_o twelve_o stone_n of_o a_o altar_n as_o he_o be_v command_v by_o the_o book_n of_o the_o law_n see_v deut._n 27.2_o 3._o in_o all_o which_o place_n thorah_n signify_v only_o a_o small_a part_n of_o the_o law_n as_o learned_a man_n have_v observe_v because_o it_o be_v not_o possible_a for_o the_o whole_a five_o book_n of_o moses_n to_o be_v write_v upon_o twelve_o stone_n join_v together_o to_o make_v a_o foursquare_a altar_n but_o it_o be_v evident_a from_o the_o place_n abovementioned_a that_o at_o least_o all_o the_o precept_n of_o the_o law_n be_v write_v by_o moses_n and_o indeed_o so_o many_o troublesome_a law_n can_v not_o be_v remember_v unless_o their_o memory_n be_v refresh_v by_o a_o write_a book_n especial_o when_o they_o begin_v to_o be_v observe_v some_o person_n be_v of_o opinion_n that_o only_o the_o book_n of_o deuteronomy_n be_v to_o be_v understand_v in_o joshua_n and_o the_o above-cited_n place_n of_o deuteronomy_n and_o that_o afterward_o that_o book_n alone_o be_v find_v in_o the_o time_n of_o josiah_n king_n of_o judah_n but_o although_o deuteronomy_n be_v the_o repetition_n of_o the_o law_n yet_o many_o thing_n be_v there_o brief_o handle_v neither_o be_v they_o so_o clear_o describe_v that_o the_o israelite_n who_o be_v none_o of_o the_o acute_a people_n in_o the_o world_n and_o always_o incline_v to_o idolatry_n can_v have_v a_o accurate_a knowledge_n of_o the_o whole_a law_n only_o out_o of_o that_o book_n and_o therefore_o if_o moses_n design_v to_o have_v it_o all_o observe_v as_o no_o body_n question_n but_o he_o do_v he_o ought_v to_o have_v give_v the_o israelite_n a_o large_a exposition_n of_o it_o and_o this_o he_o actual_o perform_v for_o we_o have_v show_v from_o two_o place_n of_o exodus_fw-la that_o the_o law_n which_o we_o see_v there_o be_v write_v by_o he_o and_o not_o deuteronomy_n alone_o the_o book_n in_o which_o he_o write_v they_o be_v call_v the_o book_n of_o the_o covenant_n exod._n 24.7_o which_o after_o he_o have_v solemn_o read_v before_o the_o people_n without_o question_n he_o do_v not_o throw_v it_o away_o since_o it_o be_v as_o it_o be_v a_o public_a instrument_n wherein_o be_v preserve_v the_o law_n of_o the_o covenant_n make_v with_o god_n beside_o moses_n write_v some_o other_o treatise_n not_o extant_a in_o deuteronomy_n of_o which_o we_o shall_v discourse_v hereafter_o and_o which_o without_o doubt_n he_o bequeath_v to_o posterity_n since_o they_o have_v arrive_v safe_a to_o our_o hand_n therefore_o the_o abovementioned_a conjecture_n that_o only_a deuteronomy_n be_v leave_v we_o by_o moses_n be_v altogether_o groundless_a and_o contrary_a to_o the_o sacred_a
any_o far_a i_o be_o to_o inform_v the_o reader_n that_o it_o be_v consider_v by_o we_o not_o such_o as_o perhaps_o it_o be_v in_o its_o flourish_a condition_n but_o as_o we_o find_v it_o in_o the_o holy_a write_n i_o free_o acknowledge_v that_o there_o be_v much_o more_o word_n and_o a_o great_a variety_n of_o phrase_n use_v than_o we_o find_v in_o this_o small_a volume_n but_o as_o far_o as_o we_o can_v judge_v of_o it_o by_o its_o remainder_n we_o have_v just_a reason_n to_o believe_v it_o to_o be_v a_o barren_a ambiguous_a unrefined_a language_n which_o now_o we_o shall_v endeavour_v to_o prove_v the_o excellency_n of_o every_o language_n consist_v principal_o in_o three_o thing_n viz._n plenty_n of_o word_n and_o phrase_n perspicuity_n of_o speech_n and_o purity_n the_o rule_n for_o which_o be_v copious_o lay_v down_o by_o those_o that_o have_v treat_v of_o rhetoric_n now_o it_o be_v certain_a that_o several_a language_n but_o especial_o the_o greek_a be_v much_o superior_a to_o hebrew_a in_o all_o these_o consideration_n and_o it_o be_v a_o plain_a case_n that_o hebrew_n can_v with_o no_o pretence_n be_v say_v to_o be_v the_o fine_a language_n in_o the_o world_n in_o the_o first_o place_n those_o that_o attentive_o read_v over_o the_o holy_a write_n or_o consult_v the_o hebrew_n lexicon_n will_v be_v soon_o convince_v that_o it_o have_v but_o very_o few_o word_n and_o very_o few_o phrase_n there_o be_v not_o only_o the_o same_o word_n but_o what_o argue_v a_o miserable_a poverty_n we_o meet_v with_o the_o very_a same_o expression_n every_o where_o but_o especial_o in_o the_o historical_a book_n the_o same_o thread_n of_o narration_n the_o same_o particularity_n of_o style_n and_o expression_n be_v visible_a all_o along_o nor_o be_v this_o only_a observable_a of_o the_o writer_n of_o one_o age_n for_o all_o the_o historian_n of_o all_o time_n and_o age_n have_v write_v exact_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n i_o will_v demonstrate_v this_o assertion_n more_o at_o large_a be_v not_o most_o men_n convince_v of_o the_o evidence_n and_o truth_n of_o it_o therefore_o i_o will_v dwell_v no_o long_o upon_o so_o plain_a a_o chapter_n i_o will_v only_o add_v that_o the_o very_a rabbin_n who_o general_o omit_v the_o true_a praise_n of_o their_o country_n still_o affect_v to_o honour_v it_o with_o their_o romance_n and_o legend_n be_v uncontrollable_a witness_n of_o the_o poverty_n of_o their_o own_o language_n since_o for_o the_o interpretation_n of_o the_o law_n they_o be_v oblige_v to_o coin_v innumerable_a word_n for_o the_o present_a occasion_n or_o else_o to_o setch_v they_o out_o of_o the_o syro-chaldaick_a and_o other_o language_n and_o in_o these_o the_o talmudical_a book_n abound_v and_o without_o they_o they_o can_v never_o be_v able_a to_o deliver_v or_o express_v their_o own_o meaning_n every_o one_o know_v that_o there_o be_v at_o least_o ten_o time_n more_o word_n in_o buxtorf_n rabbinital_a thesaurus_fw-la than_o in_o his_o bible-lexicon_a nevertheless_o with_o all_o their_o foreign_a assistance_n this_o copia_n rabbinica_n fall_v infinite_o short_a of_o the_o grecian_a and_o latin_a treasure_n if_o we_o inquire_v into_o the_o cause_n of_o the_o great_a sterility_n of_o the_o hebrew_n language_n we_o shall_v find_v it_o to_o be_v the_o same_o as_o have_v be_v observe_v of_o other_o language_n where_o art_n and_o science_n lie_v under_o contempt_n and_o sew_v treatise_n be_v write_v there_o must_v of_o necessity_n be_v a_o great_a want_n of_o word_n to_o express_v several_a thing_n for_o man_n never_o impose_v name_n on_o thing_n or_o the_o notion_n of_o the_o mind_n of_o which_o they_o never_o think_v dispute_n or_o write_v for_o example_n before_o the_o greek_n diligent_o cultivate_v philosophy_n there_o be_v a_o thousand_o thing_n of_o which_o man_n never_o think_v and_o for_o express_v of_o which_o they_o have_v want_v fit_a word_n if_o they_o have_v not_o coin_v new_a one_o the_o same_o thing_n befall_v the_o roman_n when_o they_o first_o begin_v to_o treat_v of_o philosophical_a subject_n in_o latin_n i_o call_v those_o thing_n quality_n say_v cicero_n l._n 1._o c._n 7._o acad._n quaest_n which_o the_o greek_n call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o very_a term_n among_o the_o greek_n be_v not_o use_v by_o the_o vulgar_a but_o only_o by_o philosopher_n and_o several_a instance_n there_o be_v of_o the_o like_a nature_n the_o logician_n too_o have_v their_o particular_a by-word_n which_o the_o people_n do_v not_o understand_v and_o this_o method_n be_v common_a to_o all_o art_n for_o either_o new_a word_n be_v to_o be_v coin_v or_o else_o they_o be_v to_o be_v borrow_a from_o elsewhere_o and_o if_o the_o greek_n follow_v this_o conduct_n who_o have_v for_o so_o many_o age_n exercise_v themselves_o in_o these_o affair_n how_o much_o more_o lawful_a be_v it_o for_o we_o to_o do_v it_o who_o but_o now_o begin_v to_o treat_v of_o they_o by_o this_o instance_n which_o may_v be_v back_v with_o several_a art_n unknown_a to_o the_o hebrew_n it_o be_v easy_a to_o perceive_v how_o great_a a_o penury_n of_o word_n they_o must_v unavoidable_o labour_v under_o as_o they_o be_v in_o a_o particular_a manner_n ignorant_a in_o grammar_n rhetoric_n and_o the_o whole_a circle_n of_o philosophy_n as_o appear_v by_o their_o write_n they_o must_v consequent_o be_v destitute_a of_o all_o those_o great_a assistance_n that_o those_o art_n use_v to_o furnish_v poetry_n indeed_o as_o far_o as_o the_o genius_n of_o their_o language_n will_v permit_v be_v cultivate_v somewhat_o better_a by_o they_o several_a thing_n be_v majestical_o and_o beautiful_o say_v in_o their_o song_n but_o yet_o so_o as_o to_o convince_v every_o impartial_a reader_n rather_o what_o they_o may_v have_v do_v if_o they_o have_v use_v the_o same_o application_n with_o other_o nation_n than_o what_o perfection_n of_o eloquence_n they_o have_v already_o acquire_v second_o want_v of_o word_n beget_v ambiguity_n for_o when_o we_o be_v destitute_a of_o proper_a term_n to_o explain_v our_o meaning_n by_o we_o must_v wrest_v they_o into_o another_o sense_n or_o else_o express_v particular_a thing_n in_o word_n common_a to_o several_a more_o for_o metaphor_n as_o cicero_n well_o observe_v l._n 3._o de_fw-fr orat._n c._n 38._o be_v like_o borrow_v where_o what_o a_o man_n have_v not_o of_o his_o own_o he_o supply_v himself_o with_o elsewhere_o now_o if_o one_o and_o the_o same_o word_n signify_v several_a â—hings_n one_o in_o its_o proper_a acceptation_n the_o rest_n 〈◊〉_d a_o borrow_a or_o tralatitious_a sense_n it_o be_v no_o easy_a â—atter_n to_o distinguish_v its_o several_a signification_n â—nd_v when_o particular_n be_v call_v by_o common_a name_n it_o often_o happen_v that_o we_o do_v not_o clear_o â—nderstand_v in_o what_o respect_n they_o differ_v from_o â—ther_a thing_n of_o the_o same_o genus_fw-la for_o instance_n eret_n signify_v among_o the_o hebrew_n clay_n that_o vessel_n be_v make_v of_o a_o tract_n of_o ground_n either_o â—ore_o or_o less_o suitable_a to_o the_o present_a occasion_n â—he_v whole_a globe_n of_o the_o earth_n and_o the_o man_n that_o â—nhabit_v it_o so_o that_o it_o be_v hard_a to_o say_v which_o be_v its_o proper_a signification_n and_o which_o figurative_a when_o a_o universal_a designation_n be_v fix_v upon_o this_o word_n which_o be_v express_v by_o chol_a all_o it_o be_v doubt_v whether_o the_o whole_a kingdom_n or_o a_o less_o compass_n of_o ground_n or_o the_o globe_n of_o the_o earth_n or_o whether_o all_o man_n or_o only_o some_o be_v to_o be_v understand_v by_o it_o so_o that_o nothing_o but_o the_o context_n or_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n in_o debate_n can_v assist_v our_o conjecture_n when_o figurative_a word_n and_o phrase_n can_v be_v so_o urge_v as_o full_o to_o express_v the_o thing_n they_o describe_v how_o far_o they_o may_v be_v urge_v without_o a_o error_n be_v often_o doubtful_a now_o if_o we_o consider_v the_o various_a signification_n of_o the_o indeclinable_a particle_n and_o how_o almost_o all_o the_o tense_n be_v confound_v in_o the_o verb_n and_o add_v to_o this_o their_o everlasting_a change_n of_o the_o gender_n number_n and_o person_n of_o which_o subject_a abundance_n of_o learned_a man_n have_v write_v careful_o we_o shall_v have_v no_o great_a reason_n to_o boast_v of_o the_o perspicuity_n of_o the_o hebrew_n tongue_n read_v but_o over_o chr._n noldius_n concordance_n of_o the_o particle_n and_o glasstus_n grammatica_fw-la sacra_fw-la two_o well_o approve_v and_o excellent_a treatise_n and_o when_o that_o be_v do_v i_o believe_v the_o most_o obstinate_a man_n will_v be_v convince_v that_o perhaps_o no_o language_n in_o the_o world_n be_v full_a of_o ambiguity_n and_o obscurity_n than_o the_o hebrew_n but_o yet_o i_o will_v not_o be_v so_o understand_v as_o if_o a_o general_n scheme_n of_o the_o jewish_a religion_n and_o
and_o in_o abundance_n of_o other_o place_n but_o then_o that_o very_a liberty_n they_o assume_v to_o themselves_o of_o guess_v be_v a_o plain_a demonstration_n that_o it_o be_v not_o general_o believe_v at_o that_o time_n that_o the_o copy_n be_v free_a from_o fault_n since_o they_o be_v suppose_v to_o stand_v in_o need_n of_o correction_n so_o often_o beside_o we_o find_v that_o the_o book_n which_o the_o masorite_n make_v use_v of_o and_o be_v of_o venerable_a antiquity_n without_o question_n have_v frequent_o fault_n in_o the_o text._n the_o text._n chetib_n which_o be_v amend_v in_o the_o margin_n the_o margin_n keri_n and_o which_o be_v often_o want_v in_o the_o samaritan_n copy_n as_o for_o instance_n the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d finalis_fw-la which_o be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o samaritan_n be_v often_o omit_v in_o the_o word_n naharah_n a_o girl_n which_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v leave_v out_o and_o hi_o be_v frequent_o read_v for_o how_o which_o general_o speak_v be_v amend_v in_o the_o samaritan_n book_n it_o be_v true_a these_o and_o some_o other_o of_o the_o like_a nature_n be_v but_o small_a inconsiderable_a mistake_v however_o they_o show_v that_o mistake_v may_v creep_v in_o and_o indeed_o do_v creep_v into_o the_o text_n and_o if_o they_o do_v it_o in_o a_o word_n so_o common_a and_o easy_a as_o naharah_n certain_o they_o will_v much_o soon_o do_v so_o in_o a_o obscure_a difficult_a and_o rare_a word_n especial_o where_o the_o sense_n be_v abrupt_a and_o the_o series_n of_o the_o oration_n do_v not_o help_v out_o the_o transcriber_n who_o do_v not_o understand_v it_o nevertheless_o because_o the_o book_n of_o the_o law_n be_v more_o frequent_o read_v than_o any_o of_o the_o rest_n and_o be_v more_o easy_a to_o be_v understand_v i_o must_v own_v there_o be_v but_o few_o fault_n in_o they_o and_o those_o of_o small_a importance_n and_o moreover_o that_o our_o copy_n i_o mean_v that_o of_o the_o masorite_n seem_v to_o be_v more_o correct_a than_o the_o samaritan_n for_o which_o reason_n i_o have_v all_o along_o faithful_o set_v it_o down_o not_o so_o much_o as_o change_v a_o letter_n as_o i_o hint_v above_o some_o fault_n be_v leave_v by_o the_o masorite_n which_o may_v have_v be_v amend_v but_o it_o be_v better_a in_o my_o opinion_n that_o those_o very_a fault_n shall_v be_v leave_v in_o the_o copy_n than_o that_o it_o shall_v smell_v too_o much_o of_o a_o critical_a hand_n which_o i_o have_v often_o observe_v in_o the_o samaritan_n though_o it_o be_v not_o without_o its_o fault_n as_o learned_a man_n have_v long_a since_o take_v notice_n after_o all_o to_o deliver_v my_o own_o sentiment_n upon_o a_o serious_a examination_n of_o the_o whole_a matter_n i_o be_o clear_o of_o opinion_n that_o no_o book_n of_o great_a antiquity_n have_v arrive_v to_o our_o hand_n so_o correct_v as_o be_v the_o holy_a write_n of_o the_o hebrew_n although_o it_o be_v certain_a they_o be_v much_o the_o old_a of_o any_o i_o mean_v those_o that_o be_v copy_v out_o by_o the_o diligence_n of_o the_o masorite_n and_o so_o transmit_v to_o posterity_n and_o that_o this_o do_v not_o happen_v without_o a_o particular_a providence_n which_o have_v hitherto_o so_o miraculous_o preserve_v the_o sacred_a history_n and_o the_o revelation_n of_o the_o prophet_n for_o the_o common_a benefit_n and_o use_v of_o mankind_n no_o man_n be_v better_a satisfy_v than_o myself_o i_o have_v likewise_o frequent_o in_o this_o book_n defend_v the_o common_a readins_n against_o the_o conjecture_n of_o learned_a man_n as_o any_o one_o may_v see_v that_o will_v peruse_v my_o annotation_n at_o the_o same_o time_n i_o free_o own_o that_o the_o most_o indefatigable_a and_o judicious_a lud._n cappel_n have_v infinite_o deserve_v of_o the_o sacred_a learning_n by_o his_o critica_fw-la sacra_fw-la and_o arcanum_n punctuationis_fw-la to_o speak_v ingenuous_o most_o of_o his_o opinion_n do_v extreme_o please_v i_o and_o i_o have_v set_v they_o down_o as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v so_o many_o demonstration_n but_o since_o i_o be_v oblige_v to_o choose_v one_o certain_a edition_n to_o follow_v and_o that_o the_o most_o accurate_a i_o have_v only_o follow_v the_o masoritick_n copy_n in_o my_o translation_n as_o be_v the_o most_o correct_a of_o all_o and_o yet_o i_o have_v not_o neglect_v to_o set_v down_o in_o my_o commentary_n all_o the_o various_a lection_n out_o of_o the_o samaritan_n and_o the_o ancient_a interpreter_n that_o seem_v to_o be_v of_o any_o moment_n but_o i_o shall_v say_v more_o of_o this_o matter_n in_o the_o follow_a dissertation_n dissertation_n ii_o of_o the_o best_a manner_n of_o interpret_n the_o bible_n i._o the_o end_n of_o this_o dissertation_n ii_o what_o it_o be_v to_o interpret_v and_o the_o principal_a head_n of_o that_o method_n which_o we_o have_v follow_v iii_o how_o difficult_a a_o matter_n it_o be_v to_o interpret_v the_o holy_a write_n iu._n what_o seem_v the_o best_a way_n to_o attempt_v it_o v._o hebraism_n after_o what_o manner_n they_o be_v to_o be_v translate_v vi_o the_o difficulty_n of_o turn_v the_o hebrew_n particle_n into_o latin_n vii_o what_o trouble_v there_o be_v in_o a_o narration_n that_o consist_v of_o preterperfect_a or_o future_a tense_n join_v together_o by_o the_o conjunction_n vau._n viii_o the_o masorite_n copy_n to_o be_v follow_v as_o the_o most_o correct_v ix_o what_o assistance_n be_v to_o be_v have_v out_o of_o the_o old_a and_o modern_a interpreter_n x._o what_o help_v the_o neighbour_a language_n afford_v xi_o of_o what_o great_a use_n the_o compare_v of_o several_a place_n of_o scripture_n be_v xii_o what_o help_n may_v be_v safe_o borrow_v from_o etymology_n xiii_o that_o the_o error_n of_o some_o late_a interpreter_n may_v be_v more_o easy_o avoid_v now_o than_o in_o the_o last_o age._n since_o after_o the_o labour_n of_o so_o many_o learned_a man_n who_o both_o in_o this_o and_o especial_o the_o last_o age_n have_v endeavour_v to_o interpret_v the_o holy_a scripture_n it_o be_v my_o lot_n also_o to_o undertake_v the_o same_o province_n i_o think_v it_o but_o necessary_a to_o acquaint_v the_o reader_n upon_o what_o motive_n i_o attempt_v and_o after_o what_o manner_n i_o have_v perform_v it_o i_o be_o sensible_a that_o i_o have_v engage_v not_o only_o in_o a_o very_a difficult_a but_o a_o most_o invidious_a affair_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o different_a party_n and_o faction_n that_o disturb_v the_o repose_n of_o the_o christian_a world_n for_o in_o a_o business_n of_o this_o nature_n if_o a_o man_n do_v not_o do_v something_o singular_a to_o distinguish_v he_o from_o the_o rest_n he_o must_v expect_v to_o meet_v with_o the_o contempt_n and_o laughter_n of_o the_o learned_a and_o unlearned_a and_o if_o he_o advance_v any_o thing_n unheard_a of_o and_o untouched_a before_o which_o i_o dare_v presume_v to_o say_v be_v no_o easy_a matter_n for_o his_o recompense_n he_o be_v sure_a to_o incur_v the_o hatred_n and_o malice_n of_o the_o world_n especial_o as_o it_o be_v manage_v by_o the_o divine_n now_o a-days_o nevertheless_o after_o i_o have_v serious_o revolve_v all_o this_o in_o my_o mind_n i_o be_v at_o last_o determine_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o philo_n judaeus_n who_o after_o he_o have_v commend_v the_o divine_a volume_n of_o moses_n as_o they_o deserve_v and_o show_v what_o a_o fatigue_n and_o trouble_v his_o interpreter_n must_v expect_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v he_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d etc._n etc._n yet_o we_o must_v not_o therefore_o desist_v but_o for_o the_o sake_n of_o piety_n strive_v to_o say_v something_o above_o our_o power_n and_o advance_v as_o far_o as_o it_o be_v lawful_a for_o humane_a mind_n to_o aspire_v that_o be_v possess_v with_o the_o love_n and_o desire_v of_o wisdom_n in_o the_o begin_n of_o his_o book_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d have_v therefore_o with_o god_n assistance_n as_o i_o hope_v undertake_v this_o difficult_a affair_n i_o have_v all_o along_o endeavour_v neither_o to_o disgust_v the_o nice_a reader_n with_o any_o nauseous_a repetition_n nor_o disoblige_v the_o lover_n of_o antiquity_n with_o any_o new_a doctrine_n after_o what_o manner_n i_o have_v accomplish_v it_o i_o design_v to_o lay_v open_a in_o this_o dissertation_n as_o plain_o as_o i_o can_v but_o first_o of_o all_o i_o shall_v show_v with_o what_o difficulty_n i_o struggle_v and_o by_o what_o mean_v i_o be_v able_a to_o overcome_v they_o and_o in_o this_o age_n particular_o better_o than_o can_v be_v do_v in_o the_o last_o not_o that_o we_o pretend_v to_o a_o great_a share_n of_o judgement_n but_o because_o we_o have_v much_o better_a help_n now_o to_o enable_v we_o to_o surmount_v they_o ii_o before_o we_o come_v to_o the_o interpretation_n of_o the_o holy_a book_n it_o will_v be_v necessary_a to_o remind_v
perfect_a translation_n such_o as_o we_o have_v conceive_v a_o idea_n of_o in_o our_o mind_n but_o if_o we_o can_v not_o reach_v that_o height_n we_o must_v be_v content_a to_o come_v as_o near_o it_o as_o possible_o we_o can_v therefore_o we_o propose_v to_o ourselves_o constant_o to_o follow_v a_o middle_a way_n that_o be_v neither_o to_o render_v those_o place_n that_o be_v obvious_a enough_o in_o the_o original_a obscure_a with_o the_o hebraism_n nor_o out_o of_o too_o nice_a a_o affection_n of_o writing_n latin_n to_o indulge_v ourselves_o in_o too_o bold_a a_o version_n but_o this_o you_o will_v say_v a_o thousand_o people_n have_v threaten_v to_o do_v many_o year_n before_o you_o be_v bear_v and_o yet_o we_o do_v not_o rest_v satisfy_v with_o their_o performance_n do_v you_o think_v then_o that_o you_o shall_v be_v able_a to_o answer_v our_o expectation_n no_o i_o be_o not_o so_o blind_v with_o self-love_n as_o to_o imagine_v any_o such_o thing_n but_o since_o the_o condition_n of_o humane_a affair_n be_v such_o that_o nothing_o be_v perfect_a in_o all_o respect_n and_o nothing_o please_v all_o alike_o it_o be_v sufficient_a if_o i_o do_v not_o incur_v the_o displeasure_n of_o all_o and_o if_o my_o attempt_n do_v not_o lagg_z behind_o the_o endeavour_n of_o other_o cicero_n former_o translate_v the_o noble_a oration_n of_o two_o of_o the_o most_o eloquent_a man_n that_o athens_n ever_o breed_v aeschines_n and_o demosthenes_n one_o against_o another_o neither_o do_v he_o literal_o translate_v they_o like_o a_o interpreter_n as_o he_o tell_v we_o himself_o for_o the_o translation_n be_v not_o extant_a but_o like_o a_o orator_n give_v they_o all_o the_o spirit_n and_o life_n and_o beautiful_a turn_n of_o the_o latin_a tongue_n as_o this_o be_v impracticable_a in_o a_o literal_a version_n he_o have_v a_o great_a respect_n to_o the_o sense_n than_o the_o expression_n for_o he_o do_v not_o think_v himself_o oblige_v to_o tell_v over_o all_o his_o author_n word_n to_o the_o reader_n but_o to_o give_v he_o they_o in_o weight_n now_o since_o this_o be_v not_o to_o be_v do_v in_o too_o strict_a a_o translation_n of_o the_o holy_a book_n we_o endeavour_v to_o reach_v it_o in_o a_o loose_a paraphrase_n that_o so_o those_o person_n that_o be_v not_o delight_v with_o the_o barbarousness_n of_o a_o translation_n or_o do_v not_o understand_v hebraism_n may_v have_v somewhat_o to_o read_v and_o understand_v but_o perhaps_o we_o have_v depart_v far_o from_o our_o original_a than_o cicero_n do_v from_o he_o because_o the_o hebrew_n language_n differ_v more_o from_o the_o latin_a than_o the_o athenian_a way_n of_o write_v do_v from_o the_o roman_a it_o be_v true_a in_o our_o version_n we_o have_v follow_v the_o hebrew_n close_o than_o the_o purity_n of_o the_o latin_a will_v allow_v we_o but_o since_o it_o can_v not_o be_v avoid_v we_o hope_v we_o shall_v make_v our_o reader_n some_o amends_o by_o our_o paraphrase_n therefore_o though_o it_o be_v the_o confess_a genius_n of_o the_o latin_a tongue_n to_o love_v perspicuity_n more_o than_o the_o hebrew_n do_v nay_o on_o the_o contrary_a endeavour_n to_o avoid_v all_o obscurity_n as_o much_o as_o it_o can_v we_o acknowledge_v our_o translation_n to_o be_v somewhat_o obscure_a but_o as_o we_o be_v use_v to_o commend_v picture_n not_o for_o show_v we_o a_o handsome_a face_n but_o for_o represent_v nature_n to_o the_o life_n so_o a_o translation_n where_o the_o language_n of_o the_o original_a be_v clear_a aught_o to_o be_v clear_a and_o where_o it_o be_v obscure_a aught_o to_o be_v obscure_a now_o we_o mean_v here_o by_o obscure_a not_o those_o thing_n that_o be_v obscure_a to_o the_o ignorant_a in_o hebrew_a for_o then_o most_o of_o the_o scripture_n expression_n will_v be_v obscure_a but_o those_o that_o be_v not_o sufficient_o understand_v even_o by_o such_o as_o be_v tolerable_o verse_v in_o that_o language_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n by_o the_o word_n clear_a we_o do_v not_o only_o mean_v those_o thing_n which_o be_v obvious_a to_o all_o understanding_n not_o exclude_v those_o of_o the_o dull_a sort_n but_o which_o give_v no_o manner_n of_o difficulty_n to_o the_o skilful_a in_o that_o language_n or_o may_v be_v so_o expound_v as_o to_o leave_v no_o doubt_n at_o all_o in_o the_o mind_n of_o the_o learned_a v._o now_o that_o we_o may_v be_v able_a to_o observe_v this_o method_n through_o the_o whole_a work_n we_o lay_v it_o down_o for_o a_o unalterable_a law_n in_o translate_n the_o hebraism_n which_o so_o often_o occur_v 1._o that_o all_o the_o clear_a hebraism_n which_o will_v bear_v a_o translation_n shall_v be_v translate_v 2._o if_o any_o of_o they_o can_v not_o well_o be_v render_v into_o latin_a yet_o if_o our_o ear_n be_v accustom_a to_o they_o they_o shall_v be_v literal_o translate_v 3._o that_o all_o obscure_a hebraism_n shall_v be_v retain_v which_o it_o will_v not_o be_v amiss_o to_o illustrate_v by_o a_o few_o example_n nothing_o be_v more_o common_a in_o scripture_n than_o speech_n and_o dialogism_n that_o be_v usher_v in_o by_o the_o verb_n vaijomer_n &_o dixit_fw-la or_o the_o gerund_n lemor_n dicendo_fw-la now_o it_o be_v evident_a that_o the_o former_a may_v be_v full_o and_o pertinent_o express_v by_o the_o latin_a word_n inquit_fw-la the_o latter_a by_o his_o verbis_fw-la and_o yet_o the_o interpreter_n have_v general_o forbear_v to_o use_v they_o as_o if_o this_o forsooth_o have_v be_v too_o great_a a_o liberty_n to_o take_v now_o this_o run_v through_o all_o the_o bible_n so_o that_o you_o may_v find_v a_o infinite_a number_n of_o sentence_n with_o these_o word_n &_o dixit_fw-la and_o he_o say_v so_o in_o genesis_n 3.1_o and_o he_o say_v to_o the_o woman_n yea_o have_v etc._n etc._n 2_o and_o the_o woman_n say_v unto_o the_o serpent_n we_o may_v eat_v etc._n etc._n 4._o and_o the_o serpent_n say_v unto_o the_o woman_n etc._n etc._n 9_o and_o he_o say_v unto_o he_o where_o be_v thou_o 10._o and_o he_o say_v i_o hear_v thy_o voice_n etc._n etc._n 11._o and_o he_o say_v who_o tell_v thou_o etc._n etc._n 12._o and_o the_o man_n say_v the_o woman_n etc._n etc._n 13._o and_o the_o lord_n god_n say_v unto_o the_o woman_n etc._n etc._n 14._o and_o the_o lord_n god_n say_v unto_o the_o serpent_n etc._n etc._n 16._o to_o the_o woman_n he_o say_v etc._n etc._n 17._o and_o unto_o adam_n he_o say_v but_o why_o we_o shall_v servile_o be_v confine_v to_o the_o order_n of_o the_o hebrew_n word_n as_o if_o there_o be_v something_o extraordinary_a in_o they_o we_o see_v no_o reason_n and_o the_o compare_v of_o our_o version_n with_o the_o rest_n will_v show_v which_o of_o we_o have_v express_v himself_o most_o agreeable_o to_o the_o genius_n of_o the_o latin_a tongue_n so_o chap._n 8.15_o and_o god_n speak_v unto_o noah_n say_v et_fw-la locutus_fw-la esi_fw-la jehova_n ad_fw-la noach_n dicendo_fw-la or_o dicens_fw-la be_v indeed_o exact_o conformable_a to_o the_o hebrew_n word_n but_o do_v not_o express_v the_o meaning_n any_o better_a than_o allocutus_fw-la est_fw-la noachum_fw-la deus_fw-la his_fw-la verbis_fw-la it_o be_v certain_a that_o many_o of_o the_o interpreter_n by_o their_o obscure_a diligence_n have_v make_v their_o translation_n so_o insupportable_a that_o they_o be_v not_o to_o be_v read_v without_o contempt_n but_o let_v not_o the_o reader_n imagine_v that_o this_o be_v occasion_v by_o the_o over_o great_a care_n they_o take_v to_o render_v even_o the_o least_o particle_n of_o scripture_n as_o far_o as_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o if_o this_o scruple_n have_v possess_v they_o they_o have_v never_o translate_v the_o obscure_a place_n with_o so_o much_o boldness_n as_o if_o it_o be_v not_o a_o invidious_a labour_n we_o can_v easy_o show_v it_o be_v a_o common_a hebraism_n to_o call_v one_o name_n vocare_fw-la nomen_fw-la alicujus_fw-la instead_o of_o nomen_fw-la imponere_fw-la to_o give_v one_o the_o name_n of_o as_o in_o chap._n 5.29_o and_o it_o be_v often_o in_o the_o book_n of_o genesis_n alone_o and_o she_o call_v his_o name_n noah_n et_fw-la vocavit_fw-la nomen_fw-la ejus_fw-la noach_n that_o be_v ei_o noacho_fw-la nomen_fw-la indidit_fw-la noachum_fw-la cum_fw-la nomine_fw-la appellavit_fw-la there_o be_v not_o the_o least_o reason_n in_o the_o world_n to_o doubt_v but_o it_o be_v so_o and_o yet_o after_o the_o vulgar_a interpreter_n example_n several_a since_o have_v translate_v it_o vocavit_fw-la nomen_fw-la ejus_fw-la noah_n which_o be_v obscure_a and_o barbarous_a when_o the_o hebrew_n phrase_n be_v plain_a enough_o we_o frequent_o meet_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o a_o narration_n et_fw-la fuit_fw-la and_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v in_o the_o hebrew_n as_o chap._n 6.1_o et_fw-la fuit_fw-la cum_fw-la caepit_fw-la homo_fw-la multiplicari_fw-la and_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v when_o man_n begin_v to_o multiply_v etc._n etc._n which_o be_v the_o same_o in_o
it_o be_v impossible_a to_o make_v a_o translation_n of_o the_o scripture_n without_o a_o man_n interpose_v his_o own_o sense_n against_o his_o will_n though_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o the_o sacred_a volume_n can_v be_v so_o translate_v that_o our_o own_o conjecture_n may_v not_o be_v read_v instead_o of_o the_o divine_o inspire_a author_n meaning_n whether_o obscure_a or_o clear_a but_o this_o be_v impracticable_a for_o the_o abovementioned_a reason_n and_o therefore_o after_o we_o have_v do_v all_o that_o we_o can_v to_o explain_v the_o sense_n of_o the_o scripture_n as_o plain_o as_o it_o be_v possible_a the_o world_n must_v either_o acquiesce_v in_o our_o endeavour_n or_o every_o one_o must_v study_v hebrew_n in_o his_o own_o defence_n and_o take_v the_o best_a method_n he_o can_v to_o satisfy_v himself_o we_o have_v take_v that_o care_n all_o along_o in_o our_o translation_n as_o very_o seldom_o to_o interpose_v our_o own_o judgement_n where_o the_o place_n be_v somewhat_o doubtful_a but_o it_o be_v impossible_a to_o use_v this_o caution_n every_o where_n however_o we_o have_v faithful_o set_v down_o in_o our_o annotation_n what_o conjunction_n or_o preposition_n be_v read_v in_o the_o hebrew_n word_n notata_fw-la word_n in_o the_o hebrew_n it_o be_v and_o noah_n and_o he_o stay_v but_o m._n le_fw-fr clerk_n have_v translate_v it_o noachus_n tamen_fw-la expectavit_fw-la tamen_fw-la but_o with_o our_o author_n leave_n haec_fw-la videntur_fw-la esse_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d notata_fw-la consult_v our_o note_n upon_o genesis_n 6.8_o chap._n 8.12_o we_o have_v also_o observe_v that_o sometime_o the_o true_a signification_n of_o the_o particle_n be_v wrest_v where_o the_o translator_n do_v not_o clear_o understand_v why_o the_o sacred_a writer_n have_v use_v they_o in_o certain_a place_n see_v our_o comment_n upon_o down_o upon_o where_o agreeable_o to_o the_o hebrew_n our_o author_n have_v translate_v it_o supra_fw-la firmamentum_fw-la st._n jerom_n sub_fw-la firmamento_fw-la the_o lxx_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o juxta_fw-la firmamentum_fw-la the_o english_a in_o the_o firmament_n but_o his_o reason_n be_v too_o long_o to_o be_v set_v down_o gen._n 1.20_o some_o have_v make_v no_o difficulty_n to_o use_v latin_a particle_n not_o such_o as_o exact_o answer_v the_o hebrew_n but_o such_o as_o they_o will_v have_v use_v if_o they_o have_v be_v oblige_v to_o express_v the_o same_o thing_n in_o latin_a after_o their_o own_o manner_n which_o conduct_n may_v throw_v both_o translator_n and_o reader_n into_o very_o shameful_a mistake_v but_o we_o in_o the_o translation_n of_o the_o hebrew_n particle_n have_v never_o recede_v from_o the_o most_o common_o receive_v signification_n of_o they_o unless_o we_o be_v absolute_o force_v to_o do_v it_o although_o sometime_o it_o be_v none_o of_o the_o most_o proper_a for_o we_o be_v well_o satisfy_v that_o all_o nation_n in_o the_o world_n do_v not_o connect_v their_o sentence_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n and_o that_o we_o be_v not_o to_o introduce_v they_o use_v the_o same_o thread_n of_o narration_n if_o we_o design_v faithful_o to_o copy_n their_o different_a way_n of_o speak_v if_o this_o have_v be_v due_o consider_v by_o that_o learned_a author_n who_o have_v oblige_v the_o world_n with_o a_o laborious_a and_o useful_a book_n call_v the_o concordance_n of_o the_o particle_n he_o have_v mighty_o lessen_v the_o signification_n which_o he_o attribute_n to_o they_o for_o very_o often_o he_o mind_v nothing_o else_o but_o how_o to_o substitute_v a_o agreeable_a or_o a_o more_o emphatical_a latin_a particle_n in_o the_o place_n of_o the_o hebrew_n the_o same_o ingenious_a person_n have_v observe_v that_o these_o particle_n be_v sometime_o redundant_fw-la and_o sometime_o deficient_a which_o he_o have_v evince_v by_o several_a unquestionable_a example_n though_o some_o of_o they_o it_o be_v true_a may_v be_v call_v into_o question_n for_o as_o there_o be_v some_o place_n where_o it_o be_v apparent_a that_o they_o either_o abound_v or_o aught_o to_o be_v supply_v so_o there_o be_v other_o where_o they_o give_v we_o no_o small_a difficulty_n which_o it_o be_v not_o in_o the_o power_n of_o every_o little_a pretender_n to_o remove_v for_o instance_n if_o in_o gen._n 19.26_o where_o we_o have_v render_v it_o and_o she_o become_v a_o pillar_n of_o salt_n we_o suppose_v the_o two_o particle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d to_o be_v want_v as_o they_o common_o be_v than_o the_o sense_n of_o that_o passage_n will_v be_v and_o she_o become_v like_o a_o statue_n in_o a_o saltish_a soil_n which_o seem_v to_o be_v the_o genuine_a sense_n of_o the_o word_n as_o we_o have_v observe_v in_o our_o dissertation_n upon_o that_o subject_n it_o be_v undoubted_a that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v to_o be_v understand_v gen._n 24.23_o ch._n 38.11_o and_o perhaps_o it_o be_v understand_v in_o the_o abovementioned_a place_n rather_o than_o express_v to_o avoid_v the_o harshness_n of_o the_o sound_n which_o will_v happen_v there_o if_o the_o forego_n word_n terminate_v in_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d we_o have_v likewise_o show_v upon_o onagri_fw-la upon_o where_o ishmael_n be_v say_v in_o the_o original_a to_o be_v onager_fw-la homo_fw-la instead_o of_o instar_fw-la onagri_fw-la so_o job_n 11.12_o pullus_n onagri_fw-la nascitur_fw-la homo_fw-la instead_o of_o rudis_fw-la instar_fw-la pulli_fw-la onagri_fw-la gen._n 16.12_o that_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d similitudinis_fw-la as_o the_o grammarian_n use_v to_o call_v it_o be_v frequent_o want_v however_o lest_o we_o shall_v forcible_o seem_v to_o fasten_v our_o own_o meaning_n upon_o moses_n word_n we_o have_v render_v it_o verbatim_o as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o original_a see_v a_o far_a instance_n of_o a_o ellipsis_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n nabor_n nature_n in_o the_o hebrew_n be_v the_o god_n of_o abraham_n and_o the_o god_n of_o nahor_n the_o god_n of_o their_o father_n where_o the_o particle_n and_o be_v want_v after_o nabor_n gen._n 31.53_o we_o have_v bring_v some_o 74._o some_o as_o that_o of_o levit._fw-la et_fw-la postridie_fw-la e_o t_o reliquiae_fw-la ex_fw-la to_o comedentur_fw-la where_o the_o particle_n et_fw-fr be_v certain_o superfluous_a see_v other_o example_n in_o ch._n noldius_fw-la where_o he_o handle_v this_o particle_n numb_a 74._o example_n upon_o gen._n 20.16_o where_o vaughan_n abound_v and_o if_o we_o do_v not_o know_v that_o it_o be_v redundant_fw-la the_o meaning_n will_v be_v perplex_v and_o obscure_a it_o be_v manifest_o redundant_fw-la gen._n 22.4_o nay_o sometime_o it_o abound_v in_o the_o begin_n of_o a_o book_n as_o in_o the_o first_o verse_n of_o the_o prophet_n jonah_n and_o the_o word_n of_o the_o lord_n etc._n etc._n who_o for_o all_o that_o be_v no_o more_o tack_v to_o obadiah_n than_o obadiah_n be_v to_o amos._n this_o occasion_v a_o certain_a person_n to_o conclude_v absurd_o that_o all_o the_o book_n of_o the_o old_a testament_n be_v the_o collection_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o man_n connect_v together_o after_o that_o manner_n vii_o to_o this_o may_v be_v add_v their_o everlasting_a way_n of_o form_v their_o narration_n by_o preterperfect_a or_o future_a tense_n join_v together_o by_o the_o conjunction_n vau_fw-fr which_o give_v we_o no_o small_a trouble_n it_o be_v very_o certain_a that_o no_o emphasis_n be_v design_v by_o it_o and_o that_o it_o may_v best_o be_v express_v by_o latin_a participle_n or_o other_o particle_n with_o which_o the_o latin_n use_v to_o join_v the_o part_n of_o their_o sentence_n together_o as_o all_o interpreter_n have_v do_v although_o some_o of_o they_o have_v use_v this_o liberty_n more_o spare_o then_o other_o however_o it_o be_v a_o eternal_a drudgery_n in_o a_o strict_a translation_n frequent_o to_o change_v the_o structure_n of_o the_o phrase_n nor_o indeed_o can_v any_o thing_n excuse_v our_o so_o do_v but_o mere_a necessity_n therefore_o in_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o genesis_n we_o be_v often_o force_v to_o omit_v the_o conjunction_n and_o exchange_v it_o for_o the_o latin_a particle_n verò_fw-la autem_fw-la deinde_fw-la tum_fw-la enim_fw-la postea_fw-la dein_fw-ge quoque_fw-la etiam_fw-la at_o que_fw-fr and_o suchlike_a at_o other_o time_n we_o use_v participle_n as_o the_o reader_n will_v discover_v in_o abundance_n of_o place_n if_o he_o compart_v our_o translation_n with_o the_o hebrew_n for_o instance_n the_o two_o and_o thirty_o chapter_n be_v thus_o join_v together_o 1._o and_o jacob_n go_v and_o they_o meet_v he_o 2._o and_o jacob_n say_v and_o he_o call_v the_o name_n of_o the_o place_n 3._o and_o jacob_n send_v 4._o and_o he_o command_v they_o 6_o and_o the_o messenger_n return_v 7._o and_o he_o be_v afraid_a and_o be_v in_o distress_n and_o he_o divide_v 8._o and_o he_o say_v etc._n etc._n which_o will_v be_v insupportable_a in_o latin_n there_o be_v several_a version_n of_o the_o
bible_n especial_o into_o the_o modern_a language_n which_o have_v all_o along_o preserve_v this_o conjunction_n as_o if_o it_o add_v some_o peculiar_a energy_n or_o beauty_n to_o the_o narration_n but_o those_o that_o be_v acquaint_v with_o the_o genius_n of_o the_o hebrew_n tongue_n can_v satisfy_v they_o of_o the_o contrary_n in_o a_o plain_a narration_n indeed_o this_o troublesome_a conjunction_n may_v pretty_a well_o be_v bear_v in_o some_o other_o tongue_n but_o in_o a_o argument_n or_o so_o if_o it_o be_v use_v in_o french_a it_o will_v not_o only_o wound_v the_o ear_n in_o a_o wonderful_a manner_n but_o so_o fatal_o disturb_v the_o sense_n that_o what_o will_v be_v clear_a in_o hebrew_n will_v be_v in_o french_a the_o most_o confuse_a stuff_n imaginable_a however_o in_o this_o as_o well_o as_o other_o thing_n too_o great_a a_o licence_n be_v to_o be_v avoid_v lest_o by_o omit_v a_o particle_n or_o alter_v the_o structure_n of_o a_o sentence_n we_o may_v happen_v to_o alter_v the_o sense_n and_o render_v the_o narration_n indirect_a and_o oblique_a for_o by_o this_o mean_v a_o unskilful_a reader_n will_v imagine_v that_o some_o thing_n be_v relate_v en_fw-fr passant_a while_o the_o historian_n make_v haste_n to_o go_v to_o other_o that_o be_v more_o material_a thus_o according_a to_o our_o translation_n moses_n begin_v the_o 32d_o chapter_n in_o these_o word_n jacobus_n iter_fw-la suum_fw-la perrexit_fw-la occurrerúntque_fw-la angeli_fw-la dei_fw-la quos_fw-la cum_fw-la vidit_fw-la jacobus_n haec_fw-la sunt_fw-la ait_fw-la dei_fw-la castra_fw-la eique_fw-la loco_fw-la machanajim_fw-la nomen_fw-la imposuit_fw-la by_o this_o manner_n of_o relate_v the_o story_n it_o be_v plain_a that_o the_o meeting_n of_o the_o angel_n be_v make_v a_o more_o remarkable_a circumstance_n than_o if_o we_o have_v render_v it_o with_o castellio_n jacobus_n iter_fw-la suum_fw-la perrexit_fw-la in_fw-la quo_fw-la cum_fw-la ei_fw-la divini_fw-la angeli_fw-la occurrissent_fw-la 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several_a other_o thing_n of_o the_o like_a nature_n i_o suspect_v that_o the_o rabbin_n to_o enhance_v the_o value_n of_o their_o trade_n observe_v the_o same_o conduct_n as_o the_o greek_a rhetorician_n be_v say_v to_o do_v who_o lest_o the_o world_n shall_v imagine_v they_o know_v but_o few_o thing_n invent_v abundance_n of_o strange_a term_n that_o be_v nothing_o to_o the_o purpose_n that_o their_o art_n may_v have_v the_o reputation_n of_o be_v more_o difficult_a than_o real_o it_o be_v however_o we_o have_v all_o along_o follow_v the_o masoretic_n way_n of_o point_v except_o that_o with_o the_o generality_n of_o interpreter_n we_o have_v not_o mind_v the_o accent_n but_o only_o follow_v the_o sense_n and_o the_o structure_n of_o the_o word_n we_o shall_v not_o here_o repeat_v what_o several_a learned_a man_n have_v say_v upon_o this_o occasion_n let_v the_o reader_n only_o turn_v over_o the_o 23d_o chapter_n of_o buxtorf_n thesaurus_fw-la lib._n 2._o where_o he_o treat_v of_o this_o subject_a and_o he_o will_v be_v satisfy_v that_o what_o i_o have_v advance_v concern_v the_o rabbin_n be_v true_a and_o that_o these_o master_n affect_v a_o abstruse_a unedifying_a knowledge_n and_o have_v clog_v a_o study_n which_o otherwise_o will_v be_v easy_a enough_o with_o endless_a difficulty_n of_o their_o own_o raise_n the_o two_o first_o word_n of_o genesis_n sufficient_o confute_v all_o that_o learning_n of_o great_a moment_n be_v the_o distinction_n of_o verse_n as_o they_o be_v call_v which_o however_o elias_n levita_n a_o jew_n and_o several_a christian_n have_v demonstrate_v to_o have_v be_v make_v by_o none_o of_o the_o prophet_n and_o indeed_o this_o distinction_n be_v not_o to_o be_v find_v in_o the_o manuscript_n copy_n of_o the_o old_a interpreter_n nor_o can_v be_v use_v in_o many_o place_n without_o maim_v the_o period_n or_o divide_v the_o verb_n from_o what_o relate_v to_o it_o which_o be_v extreme_o ridiculous_a therefore_o though_o to_o comply_v with_o a_o receive_a custom_n and_o that_o the_o citation_n may_v more_o easy_o be_v find_v oâ—â—_n we_o have_v distinguish_v the_o verse_n by_o number_n yet_o we_o have_v only_o have_v a_o regard_n to_o the_o sense_n in_o the_o manner_n of_o our_o point_v sometime_o the_o period_n if_o the_o part_n of_o a_o sentence_n in_o the_o latin_a translation_n of_o a_o hebrew_n book_n may_v be_v call_v by_o that_o name_n end_v with_o the_o verse_n and_o sometime_o it_o be_v carry_v beyond_o it_o nay_o sometime_o it_o begin_v in_o the_o middle_n of_o a_o verse_n and_o sometime_o it_o terminate_v with_o it_o as_o seem_v most_o agreeable_a to_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o latin_a tongue_n the_o reader_n will_v likewise_o find_v both_o in_o our_o translation_n and_o paraphrase_n two_o other_o sort_n of_o division_n which_o we_o must_v give_v he_o a_o account_n of_o we_o have_v not_o always_o follow_v the_o chapter_n in_o the_o distinction_n of_o our_o section_n although_o in_o complaisance_n to_o the_o ancient_a custom_n we_o have_v mark_v they_o on_o the_o top_n of_o the_o page_n and_o in_o the_o margin_n but_o we_o have_v divide_v the_o argument_n into_o great_a or_o lesser_a section_n according_a as_o the_o matter_n of_o fact_n happen_v to_o be_v connect_v and_o this_o we_o do_v upon_o the_o follow_a consideration_n that_o both_o the_o whole_a argument_n in_o one_o series_n and_o our_o annotation_n upon_o it_o may_v be_v read_v in_o the_o same_o order_n because_o both_o the_o divine_a historian_n and_o our_o comment_n upon_o he_o will_v by_o this_o mean_n be_v better_o understand_v it_o be_v certain_a the_o jew_n have_v their_o own_o section_n plain_o different_a from_o our_o chapter_n which_o they_o follow_v in_o their_o public_a readins_n in_o their_o synagogue_n beside_o this_o we_o have_v divide_v every_o section_n into_o several_a paragraph_n to_o borrow_v a_o term_n of_o art_n from_o the_o lawyer_n though_o somewhat_o of_o the_o long_a which_o we_o suppose_v will_v contribute_v to_o the_o perspicuity_n of_o the_o history_n and_o be_v of_o great_a advantage_n to_o the_o reader_n for_o where_o the_o particular_a reason_n or_o several_a part_n of_o the_o narration_n be_v not_o continue_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o same_o breath_n with_o the_o rest_n but_o divide_v by_o certain_a interval_n we_o better_o comprehend_v both_o the_o part_n and_o series_n of_o the_o oration_n and_o imprint_v it_o on_o our_o memory_n and_o if_o there_o be_v occasion_n recollect_v it_o in_o our_o mind_n this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o the_o grammarian_n in_o former_a time_n to_o distinguish_v the_o several_a part_n of_o the_o chorus's_n in_o their_o tragedy_n and_o the_o lawyer_n to_o distinguish_v the_o head_n of_o their_o law_n make_v use_v of_o paragraph_n and_o therefore_o though_o in_o the_o manuscript_n and_o in_o the_o edition_n no_o distinction_n of_o this_o nature_n do_v appear_v for_o we_o do_v not_o mind_v the_o jewish_a yet_o we_o think_v it_o à _fw-fr propos_fw-fr to_o make_v use_n of_o
they_o as_o be_v clear_o of_o opinion_n that_o nothing_o ought_v to_o be_v despise_v which_o tend_v to_o perspicuity_n and_o the_o convenience_n of_o the_o reader_n nor_o will_v any_o one_o as_o we_o imagine_v blame_v these_o our_o division_n as_o if_o they_o contradict_v what_o we_o so_o solemn_o profess_v before_o viz._n that_o we_o will_v follow_v the_o copy_n of_o the_o masorite_n for_o though_o these_o division_n be_v very_o serviceable_a to_o perspicuity_n and_o order_n yet_o they_o make_v not_o the_o least_o alteration_n in_o the_o read_n or_o pronounce_v of_o word_n in_o which_o two_o respect_n we_o say_v we_o look_v upon_o these_o copy_n to_o be_v the_o most_o correct_a of_o all_o we_o hope_v the_o reader_n will_v not_o be_v displease_v that_o after_o the_o example_n of_o several_a modern_a interpreter_n we_o have_v not_o write_v the_o proper_a name_n as_o they_o be_v now_o a-days_o read_v by_o the_o jew_n our_o ear_n have_v be_v so_o long_o accustom_a to_o they_o that_o we_o can_v scarce_o endure_v those_o that_o either_o speak_v or_o pronounce_v they_o otherwise_o for_o who_o with_o any_o patience_n can_v hear_v a_o fellow_n thunder_n out_o chenahan_n jitschak_n jahacob_n mosche_n jehoschubak_v etc._n etc._n as_o those_o name_n be_v pronounce_v by_o the_o jew_n according_a to_o the_o roughness_n of_o their_o language_n there_o be_v also_o several_a word_n that_o be_v otherwise_o read_v by_o the_o lxx_o interpreter_n than_o they_o be_v by_o the_o masorite_n as_o jerusalem_n not_o jerusalaim_v nabuchodonosor_n not_o nebuchadnetsar_n and_o suchlike_a which_o of_o they_o pronounce_v the_o right_a we_o shall_v not_o now_o inquire_v for_o we_o do_v not_o regard_v the_o thing_n itself_o but_o only_o the_o custom_n of_o the_o christian_a church_n from_o the_o beginning_n but_o then_o we_o observe_v this_o conduct_n to_o set_v down_o the_o more_o celebrate_v and_o usual_a name_n after_o the_o christian_a manner_n and_o the_o less_o know_v and_o frequent_a after_o the_o jewish_a because_o general_o speak_v they_o do_v not_o seem_v to_o be_v write_v true_a in_o the_o greek_a and_o latin_a book_n wherever_o we_o have_v neglect_v to_o do_v it_o the_o reader_n be_v to_o impute_v it_o to_o our_o be_v too_o attentive_a upon_o the_o thing_n themselves_o and_o consequent_o not_o able_a to_o mind_v the_o word_n and_o not_o imagine_v that_o we_o do_v it_o on_o purpose_n as_o for_o what_o regard_v the_o letter_n we_o have_v herein_o follow_v the_o ancient_n that_o be_v to_o say_v beth_n have_v always_o the_o power_n of_o the_o latin_a b_o zain_n be_v pronounce_v like_o a_o z_o ch_v as_o a_o x_o which_o come_v the_o near_a of_o any_o to_o the_o double_a aspiration_n of_o the_o hebrew_n letter_n which_o in_o our_o commentary_n we_o have_v express_v by_o a_o double_a h_n where_o we_o have_v observe_v how_o the_o hebrew_n word_n be_v to_o be_v write_v t_v like_o a_o t_o jod_a like_o the_o i_o consonant_a of_o the_o french_a caph_n like_o a_o x_o ain_z like_o a_o h_n though_o it_o be_v of_o a_o different_a sound_n but_o we_o can_v not_o think_v of_o a_o better_a pe_n like_o the_o φ_n of_o the_o greek_n tsaddi_n like_o it_o be_v koph_n like_o k_o schin_n always_o after_o the_o same_o manner_n that_o be_v as_o ch_z be_v pronounce_v by_o the_o french_a sch_fw-mi by_o the_o german_n sh_n by_o the_o english_a and_o last_o tau_n like_o the_o greek_a θ._n we_o can_v give_v our_o reason_n for_o this_o way_n of_o pronunciation_n if_o they_o will_v not_o take_v up_o too_o much_o room_n in_o this_o dissertation_n but_o those_o that_o be_v not_o so_o well_o verse_v in_o these_o thing_n may_v consult_v drusius_n old_a hebrew_n alphabet_n but_o as_o we_o hint_v before_o in_o the_o more_o remarkable_a name_n we_o have_v have_v a_o great_a regard_n to_o custom_n than_o to_o the_o power_n of_o the_o letter_n and_o at_o other_o time_n think_v it_o sufficient_a to_o make_v use_n of_o those_o latin_a letter_n that_o near_o resemble_v they_o ix_o forasmuch_o as_o we_o have_v endeavour_v to_o translate_v and_o write_v annotation_n upon_o the_o sacred_a volume_n of_o the_o hebrew_n after_o so_o many_o learned_a man_n we_o free_o acknowledge_v that_o we_o have_v all_o along_o make_v use_n of_o the_o labour_n of_o other_o writer_n and_o derive_v considerable_a assistance_n from_o they_o in_o the_o first_o place_n we_o profess_v that_o we_o have_v always_o consult_v the_o old_a and_o modern_a translation_n in_o all_o difficult_a place_n but_o so_o as_o never_o to_o give_v a_o blind_a assent_n to_o what_o they_o say_v but_o especial_o the_o modern_n we_o weigh_v and_o examine_v every_o word_n and_o expression_n if_o it_o contain_v any_o difficulty_n with_o no_o less_o care_n and_o application_n than_o if_o no_o one_o have_v go_v this_o way_n before_o we_o and_o therefore_o explain_v the_o reason_n of_o they_o which_o we_o know_v to_o be_v certain_o so_o yet_o a_o vast_a difference_n ought_v to_o be_v make_v between_o the_o ancient_n and_o the_o late_a version_n which_o we_o have_v accurate_o observe_v for_o since_o as_o we_o take_v notice_n in_o the_o former_a dissertation_n the_o ancient_a interpreter_n be_v able_a to_o know_v the_o signification_n of_o word_n and_o phrase_n from_o the_o use_n of_o the_o language_n then_o in_o be_v their_o very_a authority_n be_v by_o no_o mean_n to_o be_v despise_v when_o it_o oppose_v no_o reason_n deduce_v from_o grammar_n on_o the_o other_o hand_n the_o opinion_n of_o the_o modern_a interpreter_n unless_o they_o be_v support_v by_o the_o truth_n aught_o to_o be_v little_o regard_v because_o they_o have_v no_o other_o way_n to_o find_v out_o the_o mean_v of_o the_o scripture_n but_o by_o long_a study_n as_o well_o as_o we_o and_o therefore_o be_v not_o to_o be_v admit_v unless_o they_o give_v substantial_a ground_n for_o what_o they_o avouch_v this_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o we_o seldom_o borrow_a any_o testimony_n from_o the_o new_a translation_n because_o that_o after_o all_o the_o plausible_a reason_n they_o give_v for_o their_o particular_a version_n yet_o whether_o the_o authority_n of_o their_o translation_n go_v for_o or_o against_o we_o it_o be_v of_o itself_o of_o no_o weight_n at_o all_o however_o we_o will_v not_o be_v so_o misunderstand_a as_o if_o we_o despise_v they_o since_o we_o have_v frequent_o use_v they_o with_o great_a advantage_n on_o our_o side_n but_o we_o think_v ourselves_o oblige_v to_o make_v this_o open_a confession_n that_o the_o reader_n may_v know_v once_o for_o all_o why_o we_o allege_v their_o authority_n so_o seldom_o beside_o all_o or_o most_o of_o their_o version_n can_v not_o be_v compare_v without_o too_o great_a a_o fatigue_n to_o the_o reader_n and_o too_o tiresome_a a_o prolixity_n nor_o censure_v without_o incur_v the_o envy_n of_o several_a ill-disposed_a person_n which_o we_o will_v willing_o avoid_v wherefore_o we_o think_v it_o more_o advise_v to_o omit_v all_o the_o modern_a version_n whatever_o and_o only_o to_o take_v our_o testimony_n from_o the_o ancient_n and_o to_o compare_v they_o one_o with_o another_o though_o we_o be_v far_o from_o pretend_v to_o give_v a_o accurate_a collation_n of_o they_o this_o will_v have_v prove_v too_o tedious_a a_o work_n and_o indeed_o far_o different_a from_o our_o design_n who_o intend_v to_o find_v out_o what_o the_o sacred_a writer_n mean_v and_o not_o how_o often_o or_o how_o much_o the_o interpreter_n have_v deviate_v from_o their_o sense_n we_o have_v likewise_o consult_v the_o annotation_n and_o commentary_n of_o several_a writer_n but_o more_o especial_o have_v we_o read_v over_o a_o far_o great_a number_n of_o book_n that_o have_v occasional_o treat_v of_o sacred_a thing_n and_o explain_v several_a passage_n of_o scripture_n out_o of_o all_o these_o whatever_o seem_v necessary_a and_o to_o the_o purpose_n have_v we_o insert_v into_o our_o commentary_n and_o indeed_o we_o have_v general_o cite_v the_o name_n of_o the_o latter_a but_o as_o for_o those_o who_o have_v profess_o write_v upon_o the_o sacred_a book_n we_o have_v more_o seldom_o make_v use_n of_o their_o name_n because_o as_o they_o may_v be_v easy_o consult_v so_o large_a collection_n out_o of_o their_o book_n be_v in_o every_o body_n hand_n our_o principal_a aim_n be_v to_o set_v down_o those_o observation_n by_o which_o we_o believe_v the_o scripture_n may_v be_v illustrate_v and_o not_o to_o swell_v our_o volume_n with_o a_o catalogue_n of_o name_n which_o have_v no_o authority_n in_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n but_o as_o we_o say_v before_o we_o have_v more_o frequent_o cite_v by_o name_n those_o that_o have_v not_o write_v a_o continue_a commentary_n as_o well_o out_o of_o gratitude_n because_o some_o of_o they_o have_v give_v we_o much_o great_a help_n than_o all_o the_o commentator_n put_v together_o as_o also_o because_o
the_o compare_v of_o place_n for_o when_o any_o word_n wherever_o we_o find_v it_o have_v one_o certain_a limit_a signification_n that_o suit_v it_o best_o we_o can_v forbear_v but_o we_o must_v think_v it_o true_a and_o this_o be_v perform_v by_o the_o modern_a interpreter_n who_o be_v furnish_v with_o lexicon_n and_o concordance_n with_o much_o great_a success_n than_o the_o ancient_n can_v pretend_v to_o who_o be_v destitute_a of_o these_o help_n nevertheless_o they_o have_v not_o go_v so_o far_o as_o to_o leave_v no_o discovery_n to_o be_v make_v by_o the_o diligence_n of_o posterity_n for_o it_o often_o happen_v while_o they_o dissent_v from_o those_o of_o former_a time_n because_o they_o do_v not_o comprehend_v the_o reason_n they_o go_v upon_o and_o while_o they_o indulge_v themselves_o too_o much_o in_o their_o own_o conjecture_n which_o be_v whole_o support_v by_o obscure_a or_o ambiguous_a place_n that_o they_o fail_v of_o attain_v the_o true_a signification_n of_o several_a word_n it_o be_v not_o enough_o to_o find_v out_o a_o signification_n for_o a_o word_n which_o perhaps_o be_v not_o amiss_o for_o a_o translator_n be_v oblige_v to_o give_v the_o author_n true_a meaning_n and_o therefore_o aught_o to_o consult_v the_o usus_fw-la loquendi_fw-la which_o for_o the_o great_a part_n be_v best_a find_v out_o of_o the_o old_a interpreter_n and_o language_n but_o what_o we_o endeavour_v to_o perform_v throughout_o the_o whole_a work_n will_v best_o appear_v by_o read_v it_o and_o how_o troublesome_a a_o employment_n this_o collation_n of_o place_n be_v those_o person_n will_v soon_o understand_v that_o be_v please_v to_o make_v the_o experiment_n xii_o the_o original_a of_o word_n where_o it_o can_v certain_o be_v know_v do_v often_o direct_v we_o to_o their_o true_a signification_n and_o therefore_o the_o interpreter_n have_v spare_v no_o pain_n to_o find_v out_o the_o etymology_n of_o obscure_a word_n for_o example_n we_o have_v show_v what_o the_o word_n flail_n word_n pharaoh_n be_v not_o a_o proper_a name_n but_o a_o common_a title_n to_o all_o the_o egyptian_a king_n till_o the_o time_n of_o ezekiel_n '_o o_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d say_v josephus_n l._n 8._o c._n 2._o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d our_o author_n derive_v it_o from_o a_o arabic_a word_n still_o in_o use_n pharaha_o summum_fw-la tenuit_fw-la and_o pharahon_n not_o only_o signify_v the_o top_n of_o any_o thing_n but_o the_o prince_n of_o a_o family_n hhartumim_n which_o we_o have_v render_v magician_n he_o deduce_v from_o the_o syriack_n and_o chaldee_n root_n hhor_n or_o hhavar_fw-mi vidit_fw-la and_o toum_n claudere_fw-la clausa_fw-la enim_fw-la &_o ignota_fw-la aliis_fw-la hominibus_fw-la videre_fw-la seu_fw-la scire_fw-la existimabantur_fw-la magi_n for_o which_o reason_n aquila_n translate_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d occultatores_fw-la as_o for_o the_o word_n tsenoumoth_n which_o our_o english_a bibles_n have_v render_v wither_v m._n le_fw-fr clerk_n have_v translate_v it_o trita_fw-la that_o be_v thrash_v tsunma_fw-la in_o chaldee_n signify_v a_o hard_a stone_n so_o tsenoumoth_n may_v signify_v ear_n of_o corn_n that_o be_v thrash_v by_o a_o staff_n sharpen_v upon_o stone_n isaiah_n 28.27_o make_v mention_n of_o such_o a_o staff_n and_o thevenot_n part_v 2._o lib._n 1._o c._n 5._o tell_v we_o that_o in_o most_o part_n of_o the_o east_n they_o beat_v out_o the_o grain_n with_o such_o a_o flail_n pharaoh_n signify_v by_o find_v its_o root_n in_o the_o arabic_a chap._n 12.15_o who_o be_v call_v m_o hhartumim_v gen._n 41.8_o we_o have_v discover_v by_o the_o signification_n of_o the_o word_n it_o be_v compound_v of_o we_o have_v likewise_o discover_v what_o be_v those_o m_o ear_n which_o be_v call_v tsenoumoth_a in_o the_o same_o chapter_n which_o be_v show_v by_o no_o one_o as_o we_o know_v of_o before_o bochart_n have_v borrow_a a_o great_a many_o thing_n out_o of_o the_o same_o fountain_n which_o he_o have_v happy_o make_v use_n of_o in_o trace_v out_o the_o nation_n that_o be_v call_v by_o their_o ancient_a name_n in_o the_o ten_o chapter_n of_o genesis_n to_o which_o we_o have_v add_v a_o few_o of_o our_o own_o as_o well_o to_o confirm_v some_o of_o he_o by_o new_a argument_n as_o to_o confute_v other_o see_v what_o we_o have_v write_v concern_v the_o name_n of_o the_o tibarenes_n v._o 2._o of_o the_o riphui_fw-la and_o thogarma_n v._o 3._o of_o tharsi_n and_o rest_n and_o by_o this_o name_n bochart_n suppose_v italy_n to_o be_v mean_v but_o our_o author_n conclude_v it_o to_o be_v macedonia_n 1._o because_o alexander_n be_v say_v 1_o macc._n 1.1_o to_o have_v come_v out_o of_o the_o land_n of_o chettiim_n and_o perses_n the_o last_o king_n of_o macedon_n be_v in_o the_o same_o book_n c._n 8.5_o call_v the_o king_n of_o the_o chittim_n 2._o because_o the_o old_a name_n of_o macedon_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o we_o find_v it_o in_o stephanus_n hesychius_n and_o other_o allude_v to_o the_o word_n chittim_n we_o have_v not_o room_n to_o insert_v the_o rest_n chittim_n v._o 4._o of_o the_o numidoe_n and_o mauri_n v._o 6._o of_o the_o chasluchoean_n and_o caphthoroean_n v._o 14._o but_o here_o also_o especial_a care_n be_v to_o be_v take_v that_o we_o be_v not_o deceive_v by_o the_o affinity_n of_o word_n to_o prevent_v which_o it_o must_v be_v support_v by_o historical_a authority_n as_o bochart_n have_v do_v and_o we_o have_v often_o endeavour_v to_o do_v the_o same_o see_v for_o example_n our_o observation_n upon_o the_o name_n steph_n name_n bochart_n lib._n 2._o c._n 14._o phal_a think_v it_o be_v so_o call_v from_o haran_n abraham_n brother_n which_o be_v scarce_o credible_a since_o beside_o the_o difference_n in_o write_v we_o be_v tell_v v._n 28._o that_o haran_n die_v at_o ur_fw-la of_o the_o chaldaean_n and_o we_o be_v not_o where_o inform_v that_o he_o be_v ever_o here_o now_o how_o be_v it_o probable_a that_o this_o city_n shall_v take_v its_o name_n from_o a_o stranger_n who_o perhaps_o never_o see_v it_o in_o his_o life_n and_o who_o father_n do_v not_o build_v it_o our_o author_n with_o more_o reason_n derive_v it_o from_o hharar_fw-la exustus_fw-la adustus_fw-la fuit_fw-la by_o reason_n of_o the_o vast_a desert_n that_o lay_v round_o it_o burn_v up_o with_o the_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n and_o such_o a_o description_n plutarch_n give_v we_o of_o it_o in_o his_o life_n of_o m._n crassus_n so_o do_v it_o appian_n the_o historian_n in_o parthicis_fw-la p._n 141._o ed._n steph_n charroe_n upon_o gen._n 11.31_o we_o must_v likewise_o take_v heed_n not_o to_o deduce_v all_o our_o reason_n from_o the_o bare_a etymology_n as_o the_o rabbin_n often_o do_v who_o have_v history_n ready_a at_o hand_n that_o be_v build_v upon_o they_o oftentimes_o word_n have_v so_o strange_o deviate_v from_o their_o primitive_a signification_n into_o another_o that_o those_o who_o use_v they_o do_v not_o at_o all_o think_v of_o their_o original_a the_o two_o greek_a word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d be_v famous_a instance_n of_o the_o truth_n of_o this_o as_o we_o can_v show_v if_o we_o be_v now_o treat_v of_o the_o greek_a tongue_n xiii_o furnish_v with_o these_o help_v especial_o not_o to_o mention_v any_o more_o we_o begin_v our_o translation_n and_o commentary_n upon_o the_o old_a testament_n it_o be_v true_a several_a learned_a man_n have_v go_v the_o same_o way_n before_o we_o especial_o in_o the_o last_o age_n and_o the_o beginning_n of_o this_o who_o deserve_v great_a commendation_n for_o their_o performance_n but_o if_o we_o may_v be_v allow_v to_o speak_v the_o truth_n though_o they_o neither_o want_v ability_n nor_o diligence_n yet_o two_o thing_n stand_v in_o their_o way_n which_o hinder_v they_o from_o give_v any_o last_a satisfaction_n to_o those_o that_o come_v after_o they_o the_o first_o be_v the_o want_n of_o due_a help_n which_o we_o now_o enjoy_v for_o we_o may_v just_o say_v of_o the_o writer_n of_o this_o age_n that_o they_o have_v take_v more_o pain_n in_o illustrate_v and_o cultivate_v the_o sacred_a philology_n than_o be_v do_v in_o two_o thousand_o year_n before_o hence_o it_o come_v to_o pass_v that_o we_o have_v such_o vast_a number_n of_o excellent_a work_n to_o assist_v we_o to_o understand_v the_o holy_a volume_n the_o truth_n of_o this_o sufficient_o appear_v by_o the_o polyglot_n bibles_n the_o lexicon_n and_o treatise_n of_o all_o sort_n that_o adorn_v our_o library_n which_o before_o have_v no_o such_o treasure_n in_o they_o and_o the_o read_n of_o our_o work_n wherein_o they_o be_v so_o often_o commend_v will_v undeniable_o evince_v it_o the_o other_o be_v the_o general_a bend_v of_o the_o last_o age_n rather_o towards_o theological_n than_o grammatical_a learning_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o
do_v not_o only_o write_v to_o his_o own_o age_n wherein_o his_o father_n and_o grandfather_n be_v well_o know_v but_o likewise_o to_o the_o follow_a age_n to_o who_o he_o seem_v in_o this_o place_n to_o direct_v his_o discourse_n and_o not_o to_o his_o contemporary_n who_o know_v all_o these_o particular_n well_o enough_o it_o be_v of_o consequence_n for_o they_o to_o know_v that_o aaron_n the_o brother_n of_o moses_n be_v descend_v from_o levi_n and_o that_o he_o be_v the_o first_o head_n of_o the_o sacerdotal_a family_n therefore_o it_o ought_v not_o to_o seem_v strange_a to_o any_o one_o that_o in_o this_o place_n moses_n and_o aaron_n be_v as_o it_o be_v point_v at_o and_o their_o genealogy_n show_v to_o the_o israelite_n of_o future_a age_n 12._o the_o word_n of_o exodus_fw-la 16.35_o be_v allege_v which_o they_o pretend_v can_v not_o be_v write_v till_o after_o the_o death_n of_o moses_n and_o the_o child_n of_o israel_n do_v eat_v manna_n forty_o year_n until_o they_o come_v to_o a_o land_n inhabit_v they_o do_v eat_v manna_n until_o they_o come_v unto_o the_o border_n of_o the_o land_n of_o canaan_n for_o it_o appear_v from_o the_o five_o chapter_n of_o joshua_n that_o manna_n do_v not_o cease_v till_o after_o the_o death_n of_o moses_n to_o this_o some_o answer_n that_o moses_n fore-knew_a as_o be_v evident_a from_o number_n 14.33_o that_o the_o manna_n will_v cease_v after_o the_o end_n of_o forty_o year_n so_o soon_o as_o the_o israelite_n enter_v the_o land_n of_o canaan_n but_o this_o be_v here_o relate_v and_o not_o foretell_v and_o therefore_o moses_n use_v the_o preterperfect_a tense_n comederunt_fw-la do_v eat_v for_o which_o reason_n i_o shall_v rather_o choose_v to_o say_v that_o this_o verse_n as_o well_o as_o some_o more_o have_v be_v add_v to_o the_o text_n by_o way_n of_o parenthesis_n occasion_v by_o what_o immediate_o go_v before_o where_o mention_n be_v make_v of_o a_o omer_n full_a of_o manna_n to_o be_v lay_v up_o in_o the_o ark._n 13._o some_o person_n deny_v the_o follow_a verse_n to_o belong_v to_o moses_n but_o a_o omer_n be_v the_o ten_o part_n of_o a_o ephah_n because_o when_o a_o measure_n be_v in_o use_n it_o be_v not_o customary_a to_o define_v it_o and_o therefore_o they_o believe_v that_o after_o the_o hebrew_n be_v scatter_v into_o several_a country_n and_o consequent_o begin_v to_o use_v the_o measure_n of_o other_o nation_n this_o be_v purposely_o write_v that_o they_o may_v understand_v which_o measure_n be_v mean_v in_o this_o history_n the_o same_o be_v observe_v about_o their_o money_n numb_a 3.47_o chap._n 18.16_o but_o it_o do_v not_o appear_v that_o the_o jew_n use_v any_o other_o measure_n in_o palestine_n so_o as_o to_o make_v it_o necessary_a to_o define_v the_o old_a measure_n nor_o do_v a_o ephah_n seem_v to_o be_v better_o know_v than_o a_o omer_n but_o moses_n who_o institute_v the_o jewish_a commonwealth_n may_v design_o give_v a_o short_a description_n of_o the_o coin_n and_o measure_n to_o the_o end_n that_o they_o may_v not_o afterward_o be_v change_v 14._o the_o sacred_a historian_n thus_o begin_v deut._n 1.1_o these_o be_v the_o word_n which_o moses_n speak_v to_o all_o israel_n on_o this_o side_n jordan_n in_o the_o wilderness_n from_o whence_o they_o gather_v that_o the_o writer_n of_o this_o book_n be_v then_o in_o canaan_n but_o we_o have_v discuss_v the_o ambiguity_n of_o the_o particle_n bheber_n upon_o yet_o upon_o m._n le_fw-fr clerk_n have_v promise_v the_o world_n a_o paraphrase_n and_o comment_n upon_o the_o other_o four_o book_n of_o moses_n but_o they_o have_v not_o see_v the_o light_n as_o yet_o that_o place_n of_o deuteronomy_n to_o which_o we_o refer_v the_o reader_n 15._o in_o the_o same_o book_n chap._n 2.12_o there_o be_v some_o word_n which_o they_o pretend_v can_v never_o come_v from_o moses_n the_o horim_n dwell_v in_o sur_n before_o time_n but_o the_o child_n of_o eâ—au_n succeed_v they_o when_o they_o have_v destroy_v they_o from_o before_o they_o and_o dwell_v in_o their_o stead_n as_o iâ—rael_n do_v unto_o the_o land_n of_o his_o possession_n but_o at_o that_o time_n when_o moses_n write_v this_o two_o tribe_n and_o a_o half_a have_v already_o settle_v themselves_o near_o the_o head_n of_o jordan_n and_o turn_v out_o the_o old_a inhabitant_n and_o moses_n have_v a_o eye_n to_o that_o 16._o chap._n 3.11_o thus_o the_o sacred_a writer_n speak_v of_o the_o king_n of_o basan_n for_o only_a og_n king_n of_o basan_n remain_v of_o the_o remnant_n of_o giant_n behold_v his_o bedstead_n be_v a_o bedstead_n of_o iron_n be_v it_o not_o in_o rabbah_n of_o the_o child_n of_o ammon_n nine_o cubit_n be_v the_o length_n thereof_o and_o four_o cubit_n the_o breadth_n of_o it_o now_o some_o can_v scarce_o believe_v that_o it_o be_v possible_a for_o moses_n to_o speak_v thus_o of_o a_o man_n that_o be_v late_o dead_a and_o overcome_v by_o the_o israelite_n and_o who_o bed_n be_v rather_o in_o basan_n of_o which_o territory_n he_o be_v king_n than_o among_o the_o ammonite_n who_o be_v none_o of_o his_o subject_n but_o moses_n have_v a_o mind_n to_o give_v a_o particular_a account_n of_o a_o thing_n which_o be_v well_o know_v at_o that_o time_n indeed_o but_o will_v have_v be_v unknown_a to_o posterity_n unless_o he_o have_v deliver_v it_o in_o writing_n as_o for_o what_o concern_v the_o bed_n how_o it_o come_v to_o be_v carry_v into_o another_o kingdom_n who_o can_v tell_v but_o since_o there_o be_v no_o absurdity_n in_o this_o story_n nothing_o can_v be_v gather_v from_o a_o thing_n the_o reason_n of_o which_o be_v altogether_o unknown_a 17._o in_o the_o same_o chapter_n v._o 14._o we_o meet_v with_o the_o follow_a passage_n jair_v the_o son_n of_o manasseh_n take_v all_o the_o country_n of_o argob_n unto_o the_o coast_n of_o geshuri_n and_o maacathi_o and_o call_v they_o after_o his_o own_o name_n bashan-havoth-jair_a unto_o this_o day_n we_o shall_v handle_v this_o matter_n more_o at_o large_a in_o our_o commentary_n in_o the_o mean_a time_n if_o this_o be_v add_v by_o a_o late_a hand_n yet_o it_o will_v not_o follow_v from_o thence_o that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o the_o pentateuch_n be_v not_o write_v by_o moses_n 18._o we_o will_v not_o deny_v the_o last_o chapter_n of_o deuteronomy_n to_o be_v write_v by_o some_o one_o else_o where_o moses_n go_v up_o to_o mount_n nebo_n and_o his_o death_n be_v relate_v and_o yet_o all_o the_o forego_n chapter_n be_v not_o therefore_o to_o be_v give_v away_o from_o he_o we_o may_v easy_o suppose_v that_o this_o book_n be_v supply_v by_o another_o hand_n which_o have_v be_v in_o a_o manner_n imperfect_a if_o it_o have_v not_o end_v with_o the_o death_n of_o moses_n but_o those_o jew_n that_o be_v of_o opinion_n that_o moses_n foretell_v all_o these_o thing_n as_o be_v assist_v by_o a_o prophetical_a spirit_n do_v not_o deserve_v to_o be_v hear_v what_o can_v be_v say_v more_o plain_o to_o make_v we_o understand_v that_o these_o thing_n be_v write_v long_o after_o moses_n death_n than_o what_o we_o find_v in_o the_o three_o last_o verse_n iv_o hence_o we_o may_v gather_v from_o these_o eighteen_o place_n which_o be_v common_o bring_v to_o prove_v the_o pentateuch_n to_o be_v of_o a_o late_a date_n that_o most_o of_o they_o be_v doubtful_a and_o consequent_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v make_v use_n of_o as_o argument_n to_o prove_v these_o five_o book_n to_o belong_v to_o another_o age._n very_o few_o of_o they_o manifest_o seem_v to_o be_v add_v by_o another_o hand_n and_o do_v not_o in_o the_o least_o hinder_v why_o we_o shall_v not_o ascribe_v these_o volume_n to_o moses_n after_o the_o same_o manner_n some_o ancient_a grammarian_n tell_v we_o there_o be_v several_a verse_n here_o and_o there_o insert_v into_o homer_n poem_n yet_o no_o one_o from_o thence_o take_v occasion_n to_o deny_v that_o the_o iliad_n and_o the_o odyssey_n be_v write_v by_o homer_n we_o must_v not_o imagine_v that_o in_o former_a age_n they_o have_v such_o plenty_n of_o book_n or_o so_o many_o copy_n of_o the_o same_o book_n as_o now_o we_o have_v and_o so_o it_o may_v easy_o happen_v that_o in_o succeed_a time_n one_o of_o the_o prophet_n may_v make_v some_o addition_n to_o moses_n which_o afterward_o be_v incorporate_v with_o all_o the_o copy_n indeed_o if_o it_o do_v not_o otherwise_o evident_o appear_v that_o the_o great_a part_n by_o far_o of_o the_o pentateuch_n be_v write_v by_o moses_n i_o confess_v there_o will_v be_v great_a weight_n in_o the_o abovementioned_a objection_n to_o incline_v we_o to_o believe_v that_o these_o volume_n be_v write_v much_o late_a than_o be_v common_o pretend_v but_o since_o we_o have_v prove_v it_o beyond_o all_o manner_n of_o doubt_n that_o almost_o all_o the_o
pentateuch_n belong_v to_o moses_n we_o have_v no_o reason_n to_o ascribe_v those_o book_n to_o any_o one_o but_o he_o v._o it_o have_v be_v long_o controvert_v among_o learned_a man_n who_o it_o be_v that_o make_v these_o addition_n which_o we_o find_v in_o the_o book_n of_o moses_n and_o they_o have_v go_v upon_o various_a conjecture_n some_o will_v have_v he_o to_o be_v joshua_n other_o esdras_n and_o last_o other_o to_o be_v the_o under_o scribe_n among_o the_o hebrew_n but_o this_o be_v only_o guess_v for_o they_o bring_v no_o reason_n to_o enforce_v their_o opinion_n because_o joshua_n succeed_v moses_n therefore_o some_o people_n fancy_v it_o be_v he_o that_o insert_v those_o passage_n that_o seem_v to_o carry_v discovery_n of_o a_o late_a age._n again_o other_o ascribe_v this_o to_o esdras_n who_o be_v by_o the_o jew_n say_v to_o have_v regulate_v the_o sacred_a volume_n and_o by_o some_o to_o have_v make_v they_o up_o again_o out_o of_o his_o memory_n after_o they_o be_v certain_o lose_v but_o since_o these_o different_a hypothesis_n be_v support_v by_o no_o competent_a witness_n that_o be_v to_o say_v such_o as_o flourish_v in_o the_o same_o time_n or_o such_o as_o may_v have_v learn_v the_o truth_n out_o of_o the_o memoirs_fw-fr of_o their_o contemporary_n they_o may_v be_v as_o easy_o reject_v as_o they_o be_v bring_v upon_o the_o stage_n nor_o be_v a_o multitude_n of_o author_n who_o live_v several_a age_n after_o and_o never_o cite_v any_o that_o be_v old_a than_o themselves_o and_o who_o do_v but_o transcribe_v one_o another_o of_o any_o weight_n esdras_n be_v only_o call_v a_o scribe_n and_o a_o ready_a scribe_n in_o the_o law_n of_o moses_n in_o those_o book_n that_o go_v under_o his_o name_n see_v chief_o the_o seven_o chapter_n of_o esdras_n and_o this_o seem_v to_o have_v give_v occasion_n to_o that_o fable_n of_o his_o restore_v the_o sacred_a book_n though_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d rather_o signify_v a_o learned_a man_n as_o we_o may_v easy_o demonstrate_v than_o one_o that_o be_v busy_v in_o transcribe_v of_o book_n several_a uncertain_a thing_n have_v be_v positive_o assert_v concern_v these_o under_o scribe_n as_o we_o shall_v show_v at_o a_o more_o proper_a place_n upon_o the_o follow_a book_n but_o this_o be_v the_o most_o uncertain_a of_o all_o viz._n that_o they_o insert_v the_o above_o mention_v addition_n into_o the_o moysaicall_a volume_n and_o therefore_o after_o a_o diligent_a examination_n of_o the_o matter_n we_o ingenuous_o own_o that_o here_o we_o do_v not_o know_v what_o to_o conclude_v perhaps_o one_o of_o those_o who_o be_v already_o suppose_v perhaps_o some_o one_o else_o and_o perhaps_o several_a hand_n have_v at_o several_a time_n insert_v these_o thing_n into_o moses_n therefore_o we_o can_v have_v no_o sure_a or_o safe_a sanctuary_n here_o than_o prudent_o to_o suspend_v our_o judgement_n by_o which_o conduct_n if_o we_o do_v not_o discover_v the_o truth_n yet_o at_o least_o it_o be_v not_o exclude_v from_o the_o mind_n vi_o if_o we_o be_v able_a to_o discover_v all_o the_o design_n that_o moses_n propose_v to_o himself_o in_o writing_n this_o will_v be_v of_o much_o great_a importance_n towards_o the_o better_a interpretation_n of_o his_o volume_n for_o these_o book_n be_v not_o like_o the_o work_n of_o mathematician_n where_o we_o find_v nothing_o but_o general_a proposition_n that_o have_v a_o relation_n neither_o to_o certain_a place_n nor_o time_n nor_o man_n and_o do_v not_o allude_v to_o any_o thing_n but_o the_o business_n in_o hand_n moses_n write_v for_o the_o benefit_n and_o instruction_n of_o a_o particular_a people_n call_v the_o jew_n though_o i_o do_v not_o deny_v that_o by_o the_o mean_n of_o divine_a providence_n his_o book_n be_v afterward_o serviceable_a to_o innumerable_a other_o nation_n upon_o this_o account_n he_o say_v abundance_n of_o thing_n mere_o for_o the_o use_n of_o that_o people_n which_o he_o have_v omit_v if_o he_o have_v not_o be_v influence_v by_o this_o consideration_n he_o likewise_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o the_o opinion_n and_o custom_n of_o the_o neighbour_a nation_n which_o he_o assent_v to_o or_o reject_v according_a as_o they_o agree_v with_o reason_n and_o the_o truth_n we_o know_v indeed_o from_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o thing_n itself_o that_o the_o general_a aim_n of_o his_o writing_n be_v to_o teach_v the_o israelite_n the_o worship_n of_o one_o god_n and_o to_o deliver_v they_o the_o law_n which_o he_o have_v receive_v from_o he_o but_o it_o be_v to_o be_v wish_v that_o we_o particular_o know_v for_o what_o reason_n he_o follow_v one_o certain_a method_n in_o write_v more_o than_o another_o and_o what_o he_o chief_o have_v a_o eye_n to_o in_o that_o abridgement_n of_o the_o ancient_a history_n which_o he_o have_v leave_v behind_o he_o from_o hence_o perhaps_o we_o may_v be_v able_a to_o comprehend_v why_o he_o omit_v several_a transaction_n to_o give_v we_o a_o narration_n of_o some_o other_o event_n which_o be_v not_o as_o we_o imagine_v of_o so_o great_a importance_n why_o he_o use_v such_o and_o such_o word_n and_o expression_n why_o he_o mention_n some_o thing_n only_o en_fw-fr passant_a and_o treat_v of_o other_o in_o a_o more_o copious_a and_o frequent_a manner_n with_o other_o thing_n of_o the_o same_o nature_n which_o will_v give_v considerable_a light_n to_o many_o obscure_a place_n be_v it_o possible_a for_o any_o one_o so_o to_o secure_v his_o reader_n before_o they_o be_v admit_v to_o the_o perusal_n of_o moses_n that_o they_o shall_v find_v no_o rugged_a place_n or_o at_o least_o but_o few_o that_o be_v hard_a to_o be_v understand_v so_o universal_a a_o obligation_n can_v never_o be_v requite_v with_o thanks_o and_o commendation_n enough_o for_o example_n no_o one_o read_v the_o short_a prologomena_n which_o asconius_n pedianus_n have_v give_v we_o before_o some_o of_o cicero_n oration_n against_o verres_n but_o he_o will_v with_o all_o his_o heart_n be_v at_o any_o expense_n that_o all_o the_o rest_n of_o his_o oration_n be_v recommend_v and_o illustrate_v by_o such_o preface_n for_o those_o preface_n or_o argument_n be_v no_o small_a help_n towards_o the_o understanding_n of_o tully_n and_o will_v be_v infinite_o more_o serviceable_a to_o the_o world_n if_o they_o be_v but_o long_o now_o since_o we_o be_v destitute_a of_o such_o assistance_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o shortness_n of_o moses_n history_n and_o the_o great_a scarcity_n of_o ancient_a oriental_a author_n and_o can_v by_o no_o mean_n supply_v the_o defect_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o such_o a_o design_n it_o remain_v that_o we_o must_v often_o be_v involve_v in_o the_o great_a difficulty_n and_o as_o i_o often_o consider_v of_o this_o matter_n when_o i_o have_v the_o moysaicall_a write_n in_o my_o hand_n so_o i_o be_v resolve_v to_o collect_v and_o gather_v out_o of_o moses_n himself_o whatever_o may_v be_v pertinent_o say_v upon_o this_o occasion_n i_o flatter_v myself_o that_o i_o shall_v not_o be_v so_o rigorous_o censure_v if_o i_o do_v not_o answer_v the_o reader_n be_v expectation_n as_o if_o i_o only_o raise_v his_o appetite_n and_o do_v not_o endeavour_v to_o satisfy_v he_o for_o this_o reason_n i_o make_v no_o scruple_n to_o set_v what_o follow_v before_o my_o commentary_n whatever_o the_o learned_a world_n may_v think_v of_o it_o vii_o that_o no_o body_n may_v mistake_v i_o or_o expect_v to_o find_v what_o i_o never_o promise_v i_o do_v not_o here_o inquire_v what_o be_v moses_n or_o rather_o god_n intention_n in_o deliver_v the_o law_n which_o we_o shall_v consider_v when_o we_o come_v to_o the_o particular_a law_n but_o what_o be_v moses_n chief_a and_o principal_a aim_n in_o write_v and_o publish_v the_o pentateuch_n such_o as_o we_o now_o have_v it_o all_o man_n as_o we_o observe_v before_o know_v well_o enough_o that_o moses_n chief_o write_v to_o teach_v the_o people_n of_o the_o jew_n that_o only_o one_o god_n be_v to_o be_v worship_v and_o after_o what_o manner_n that_o be_v to_o be_v do_v but_o we_o must_v more_o distinct_o show_v what_o method_n he_o take_v to_o reach_v that_o mark_n if_o i_o may_v be_v allow_v so_o to_o express_v myself_o and_o what_o other_o end_n he_o may_v possible_o have_v 1._o we_o must_v chief_o and_o in_o the_o first_o place_n remember_v that_o it_o never_o be_v in_o moses_n thought_n to_o write_v the_o annal_n of_o all_o mankind_n down_o to_o his_o own_o time_n but_o only_o to_o select_v those_o passage_n out_o of_o the_o history_n of_o former_a age_n which_o agree_v with_o his_o general_a design_n before_o mention_v or_o some_o other_o particular_a by_o end_n hence_o we_o find_v that_o nothing_o can_v be_v short_a than_o his_o history_n be_v from_o the_o creation_n of_o the_o world_n to_o abraham_n since_o
the_o purpose_n than_o now_o he_o do_v for_o in_o the_o first_o place_n he_o describe_v the_o serpent_n to_o have_v be_v the_o most_o subtle_a of_o all_o creature_n next_o that_o he_o employ_v his_o subtlety_n in_o deceive_v our_o first_o parent_n and_o hold_v a_o dialogue_n with_o she_o as_o if_o he_o have_v be_v a_o master_n of_o reason_v last_o that_o his_o creep_v upon_o his_o belly_n be_v impose_v upon_o he_o as_o a_o punishment_n josephus_n himself_o can_v not_o have_v more_o full_o explain_v his_o sentiment_n than_o moses_n have_v do_v ii_o but_o other_o person_n who_o be_v jew_n likewise_o not_o be_v able_a to_o digest_v so_o many_o unpalatable_a thing_n as_o speech_n and_o reason_n attribute_v to_o a_o brute_n and_o the_o serpent_n lose_v his_o foot_n although_o moses_n seem_v to_o express_v as_o much_o in_o the_o plain_a manner_n imaginable_a yet_o rather_o than_o understand_v he_o so_o they_o choose_v to_o commit_v violence_n upon_o his_o word_n and_o betake_v themselves_o to_o allegory_n philo_z indeed_o in_o his_o treatise_n de_fw-fr mundi_fw-la opificio_fw-la and_o elsewhere_o deny_v that_o these_o be_v fable_n and_o fiction_n wherein_o the_o poet_n and_o sophister_n take_v so_o great_a a_o delight_n nevertheless_o he_o own_v they_o to_o be_v figurative_a document_n that_o be_v to_o be_v explain_v allegorical_o in_o order_n to_o find_v out_o the_o bid_a meaning_n of_o they_o and_o last_o affirm_v that_o it_o may_v be_v right_o conjecture_v that_o the_o serpent_n be_v a_o symbol_n of_o pleasure_n which_o argument_n he_o handle_v more_o copious_o afterward_o maimonides_n also_o part_v 2._o mor._n nev._n c._n 29._o suppose_n that_o these_o passage_n be_v to_o be_v expound_v by_o way_n of_o allegory_n and_o some_o of_o the_o late_a rabbin_n declare_v themselves_o to_o be_v of_o the_o same_o opinion_n iii_o but_o other_o that_o have_v a_o just_a indignation_n to_o this_o libertine_n way_n of_o interpret_n the_o scripture_n which_o whole_o depend_v upon_o the_o fancy_n of_o the_o interpreter_n and_o yet_o not_o able_a with_o josephus_n to_o follow_v the_o literal_a sense_n have_v fall_v into_o different_a sentiment_n none_o of_o which_o labour_v with_o few_o inconvenience_n than_o the_o two_o above-cited_n opinion_n some_o divine_n of_o no_o mean_a rank_n in_o the_o learned_a world_n maintain_v that_o it_o be_v not_o a_o serpent_n proper_o so_o call_v which_o appear_v but_o that_o the_o devil_n be_v signify_v by_o that_o name_n that_o therefore_o the_o devil_n be_v call_v the_o old_a serpent_n by_o the_o hebrew_n and_o be_v thus_o describe_v by_o st._n john_n in_o the_o revelation_n 12.9_o the_o great_a dragon_n the_o old_a serpent_n call_v the_o devil_n and_o satan_n who_o seduce_v all_o the_o earth_n see_v likewise_o rev._n 20.2_o for_o this_o reason_n the_o devil_n be_v call_v by_o our_o bless_a saviour_n a_o murderer_n from_o the_o beginning_n and_o the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n of_o wisdom_n 2.24_o tell_v we_o that_o death_n enter_v into_o the_o world_n by_o the_o envy_n of_o the_o devil_n see_v also_o 2_o cor._n 11.3_o where_o the_o serpent_n be_v say_v to_o have_v deceive_v the_o woman_n by_o his_o subtlety_n but_o this_o hypothesis_n be_v easy_o refute_v for_o neither_o can_v the_o devil_n be_v call_v the_o most_o subtle_a beast_n of_o the_o field_n but_o in_o a_o figurative_a sense_n neither_o will_v the_o punishment_n inflict_v upon_o the_o serpent_n suffer_v we_o to_o doubt_v that_o a_o serpent_n body_n at_o least_o appear_v here_o to_o remove_v these_o difficulty_n some_o conjecture_n that_o the_o devil_n do_v not_o put_v on_o a_o real_a serpent_n but_o only_o form_v the_o exterior_a appearance_n of_o one_o but_o the_o abovementioned_a objection_n be_v as_o direct_o level_v against_o this_o opinion_n as_o the_o former_a iv_o for_o this_o reason_n several_a person_n have_v believe_v that_o the_o devil_n use_v the_o serpent_n body_n as_o a_o organ_n to_o act_v his_o imposture_n by_o and_o that_o god_n to_o show_v his_o utter_a aversion_n and_o hatred_n of_o sin_n punish_v the_o very_a organ_n by_o which_o this_o seduction_n be_v effect_v but_o if_o it_o be_v so_o what_o occasion_n be_v there_o to_o say_v that_o the_o serpent_n be_v the_o most_o subtle_a beast_n of_o the_o field_n for_o the_o devil_n may_v have_v abuse_v the_o most_o stupid_a creature_n in_o the_o world_n to_o this_o purpose_n with_o as_o much_o success_n for_o he_o do_v not_o employ_v the_o serpent_n craft_n but_o his_o own_o to_o deceive_v eve_n v._o but_o other_o observe_v these_o and_o the_o like_a difficulty_n in_o all_o these_o opinion_n come_v at_o last_o to_o this_o point_n as_o to_o own_o that_o all_o we_o can_v apparent_o gather_v from_o this_o aenigma_fw-la be_v that_o the_o first_o parent_n of_o mankind_n begin_v to_o sin_n from_o whence_o a_o series_n of_o innumerable_a evil_n be_v derive_v to_o they_o and_o their_o posterity_n it_o be_v indeed_o certain_a that_o now_o and_o heretofore_o mankind_n have_v be_v in_o a_o state_n of_o great_a corruption_n nor_o can_v the_o beginning_n of_o this_o infection_n be_v carry_v low_a than_o the_o original_a of_o the_o world_n but_o then_o after_o what_o manner_n sin_n enter_v into_o the_o world_n so_o that_o we_o may_v understand_v plain_o and_o without_o the_o least_o reason_n of_o doubt_v all_o the_o circumstance_n of_o the_o first_o sin_n none_o but_o those_o can_v signify_v to_o we_o who_o be_v present_a at_o the_o matter_n if_o by_o any_o mean_n they_o can_v be_v revive_v again_o vi_o last_o other_o find_v in_o this_o history_n frequent_a mention_n make_v of_o discourse_n where_o none_o at_o all_o seem_v to_o have_v pass_v imagine_v that_o the_o serpent_n do_v not_o speak_v but_o that_o eve_n see_v he_o eat_v the_o forbid_v fruit_n and_o be_v seduce_v by_o his_o example_n to_o eat_v of_o it_o herself_o especial_o if_o we_o consider_v that_o this_o prohibit_v fruit_n by_o its_o beauty_n and_o perhaps_o by_o the_o specious_a name_n of_o knowledge_n may_v help_v to_o induce_v she_o as_o she_o be_v gaze_v on_o it_o indeed_o the_o serpent_n punishment_n below_o v._o 14._o thou_o shall_v lick_v the_o dust_n all_o the_o day_n of_o thy_o life_n seem_v to_o intimate_v that_o the_o serpent_n have_v deceive_v eve_n by_o eat_v of_o the_o fruit_n and_o because_o he_o have_v occasion_v her_o ruin_n by_o eat_v of_o fruit_n from_o a_o high_a tree_n therefore_o he_o be_v condemn_v to_o lick_v the_o juice_n of_o the_o earth_n the_o favourer_n of_o this_o opinion_n do_v not_o deny_v but_o that_o some_o evil_a spirit_n may_v act_v his_o part_n in_o this_o tragedy_n for_o which_o reason_n the_o jew_n not_o right_o comprehend_v the_o meaning_n of_o this_o place_n may_v in_o after-age_n call_v he_o by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o serpent_n but_o as_o the_o sacred_a historian_n introduce_v the_o serpent_n speak_v who_o have_v no_o speech_n at_o all_o according_a to_o the_o genius_n of_o his_o narration_n as_o be_v plain_a from_o the_o first_o chapter_n of_o genesis_n where_o he_o frequent_o represent_v god_n almighty_a speak_v to_o all_o the_o part_n of_o the_o creation_n so_o likewise_o because_o he_o be_v to_o give_v he_o his_o share_n in_o a_o dialogue_n by_o who_o example_n our_o first_o parent_n be_v deceive_v he_o therefore_o attribute_n subtlety_n to_o he_o which_o however_o can_v be_v suppose_v to_o belong_v to_o a_o beast_n no_o more_o than_o the_o faculty_n of_o speak_v do_v for_o this_o reason_n he_o be_v say_v to_o have_v use_v both_o speech_n and_o craftiness_n because_o as_o the_o maintainer_n of_o this_o opinion_n allege_v he_o as_o effectual_o ruin_v our_o first_o parent_n as_o if_o he_o have_v seduce_v they_o by_o a_o crafty_a artificial_a harangue_n and_o therefore_o both_o the_o subtlety_n of_o the_o serpent_n and_o his_o conversation_n with_o eve_n be_v consider_v by_o they_o not_o as_o circumstance_n that_o can_v be_v urge_v but_o as_o some_o oriental_a ornament_n of_o the_o history_n this_o be_v in_o part_n the_o opinion_n of_o isaac_n abarbinel_n who_o deny_v that_o the_o serpent_n can_v maintain_v any_o discourse_n with_o eve_n and_o assert_n that_o nothing_o more_o be_v mean_v by_o this_o colloquy_n but_o the_o reason_n of_o the_o woman_n from_o what_o she_o gather_v from_o the_o serpent_n action_n and_o his_o eat_n of_o that_o tree_n he_o pretend_v that_o she_o infer_v from_o the_o serpent_n example_n that_o the_o forbid_v fruit_n be_v wholesome_a and_o nutritive_a which_o opinion_n do_v not_o well_o agree_v with_o the_o word_n you_o shall_v be_v like_a god_n the_o meaning_n of_o which_o can_v never_o be_v deduce_v from_o this_o single_a action_n of_o the_o serpent_n in_o so_o perplex_v and_o obscure_a a_o matter_n as_o this_o be_v it_o be_v the_o safe_a way_n as_o i_o imagine_v open_o to_o confess_v our_o ignorance_n provide_v
sodom_n and_o gomorrah_n even_o as_o the_o garden_n of_o the_o lord_n or_o the_o land_n of_o egypt_n as_o thou_o come_v unto_o zoar._n in_o the_o first_o place_n from_o hence_o we_o gather_v that_o these_o city_n be_v situate_v on_o both_o side_n of_o the_o river_n jordan_n for_o the_o plain_a of_o jordan_n be_v here_o call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d as_o the_o septuagint_n have_v right_o translate_v rather_o follow_v the_o sense_n than_o the_o genuine_a signification_n of_o the_o hebrew_n word_n chicchar_n which_o proper_o signify_v a_o plain_a country_n as_o we_o find_v gen._n 19_o v._n 17._o where_o it_o be_v oppose_v to_o a_o mountainous_a region_n for_o this_o reason_n in_o follow_v time_n this_o country_n be_v call_v the_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o great_a field_n as_o likewise_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o valley_n to_o make_v this_o more_o evident_o appear_v we_o will_v here_o set_v down_o the_o word_n of_o josephus_n who_o thus_o describe_v it_o in_o the_o five_o book_n de_fw-fr bello_fw-la jud._n chap._n 27._o near_o to_o it_o jericho_n it_o mean_v jericho_n we_o find_v a_o barren_a mountain_n but_o of_o a_o vast_a length_n for_o northwards_o it_o reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o country_n of_o the_o scythopolitae_n and_o towards_o the_o south_n it_o extend_v as_o far_o as_o the_o land_n of_o sodom_n and_o the_o bound_n of_o the_o dead_a sea_n opposite_a to_o it_o beyond_o jordan_n lie_v a_o mountain_n which_o begin_v from_o julias_n and_o the_o northern_a country_n and_o southwards_o spread_v as_o far_o as_o somorra_n which_o adjoin_v to_o petra_n a_o city_n of_o arabia_n and_o here_o too_o be_v a_o mountain_n call_v the_o iron_n mountain_n which_o reach_v as_o far_o as_o the_o country_n of_o moab_n the_o valley_n between_o these_o mountain_n be_v the_o same_o we_o be_v now_o talk_v of_o and_o josephus_n give_v we_o the_o follow_a description_n of_o it_o the_o country_n which_o lie_v in_o the_o middle_n between_o these_o mountain_n be_v call_v the_o μεγαπεδιον_fw-gr or_o great_a field_n and_o reach_n from_o the_o village_n of_o ginnabrin_n to_o the_o lacus_n asphaltites_n it_o be_v a_o thousand_o two_o hundred_o furlong_n in_o length_n and_o sixscore_a in_o breadth_n the_o river_n jordan_n run_v through_o the_o middle_n of_o it_o the_o same_o place_n from_o the_o nature_n of_o its_o situation_n be_v call_v 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o the_o valley_n although_o st._n jerome_n in_o his_o loci_fw-la haebraici_n erroneous_o pretend_v that_o it_o be_v a_o hebrew_n word_n aulon_n say_v he_o be_v not_o a_o greek_a word_n as_o some_o person_n imagine_v but_o hebrew_n it_o be_v the_o name_n of_o a_o large_a and_o spacious_a valley_n of_o a_o prodigious_a length_n which_o be_v surround_v on_o every_o side_n by_o a_o continue_a ridge_n of_o mountain_n which_o begin_v from_o mount_n libanus_n and_o beyond_o it_o and_o reach_v to_o the_o desert_n of_o paran_n there_o be_v several_a noble_a city_n in_o this_o aulon_n or_o valley_n as_o scythopolis_n tiberias_n and_o the_o lake_n near_o it_o nay_o jericho_n the_o dead_a sea_n and_o all_o the_o country_n about_o it_o through_o which_o the_o river_n jordan_n run_v which_o arise_v from_o the_o fountain_n paneas_n and_o so_o fall_v into_o the_o dead_a sea_n the_o upper_a part_n of_o this_o capacious_a vale_n be_v exceed_o fertile_a full_a of_o pasture_n and_o plant_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o tree_n so_o that_o as_o josephus_n l._n 3._o de_fw-fr bell._n jud._n cap._n 4._o inform_v we_o it_o will_v invite_v even_o those_o who_o be_v the_o least_o incline_v to_o such_o a_o life_n to_o cultivate_v it_o but_o the_o middle_a part_n except_o where_o the_o river_n jordan_n water_v they_o be_v burn_v up_o in_o the_o summer_n as_o we_o be_v tell_v by_o josephus_n in_o the_o abovementioned_a place_n in_o the_o summer_n say_v he_o all_o this_o plain_n be_v burn_v up_o and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o extreme_a vehemence_n of_o the_o heat_n the_o air_n become_v very_o unhealthful_a for_o it_o be_v all_o parch_a but_o where_o jordan_n run_v on_o the_o bank_n of_o which_o river_n there_o be_v the_o most_o beautiful_a grove_n of_o palm-tree_n but_o here_o we_o have_v to_o do_v with_o neither_o of_o these_o part_n but_o only_o with_o the_o low_a which_o reach_v from_o jericho_n to_o the_o mountain_n of_o idumea_n where_o now_o the_o lacus_n asphaltites_n be_v of_o which_o more_o hereafter_o in_o the_o mean_a time_n we_o must_v observe_v by_o the_o bye_n that_o the_o water_n of_o jordon_n by_o reason_n of_o the_o perpetual_a ridge_n of_o hill_n that_o shut_v it_o up_o on_o every_o side_n from_o east_n and_o west_n have_v no_o outlet_n at_o all_o but_o run_v to_o the_o southward_n in_o the_o second_o place_n we_o must_v not_o light_o pass_v over_o what_o moses_n say_v that_o the_o southern_a part_n of_o this_o valley_n as_o you_o go_v to_o zoar_v be_v water_v like_o the_o paradise_n of_o the_o lord_n or_o the_o land_n of_o egypt_n all_o which_o word_n require_v a_o particular_a illustration_n by_o themselves_o but_o first_o of_o all_o we_o will_v show_v by_o the_o testimony_n of_o other_o writer_n that_o this_o tract_n of_o ground_n be_v exceed_o well_o water_v which_o be_v a_o thing_n of_o great_a importance_n in_o the_o present_a disquisition_n to_o begin_v then_o with_o the_o country_n about_o jericho_n strabo_n in_o his_o sixteenth_o book_n pag._n 525._o of_o isaac_n casaubon_n edition_n at_o geneva_n affirm_v that_o it_o be_v plentiful_o store_v with_o water_n jericho_n be_v a_o plain_a on_o every_o side_n surround_v with_o hill_n and_o in_o some_o part_n bend_v like_o a_o theatre_n it_o abound_v with_o palm-tree_n mix_v and_o several_a other_o tree_n but_o it_o particular_o abound_v with_o the_o former_a it_o be_v a_o hundred_o furlong_n in_o length_n and_o be_v all_o well_o water_v and_o full_a of_o inhabitant_n now_o how_o this_o country_n come_v to_o be_v so_o plentiful_o water_v josephus_n inform_v we_o in_o the_o abovementioned_a place_n in_o the_o follow_a word_n near_a jericho_n be_v a_o plentiful_a spring_n and_o most_o convenient_a for_o water_v we_o shall_v not_o here_o set_v down_o what_o he_o relate_v of_o a_o alteration_n make_v in_o this_o water_n by_o elisha_n nor_o what_o he_o tell_v we_o of_o the_o great_a wholesomeness_n of_o this_o well_o as_o be_v borrow_v from_o a_o uncertain_a tradition_n but_o thus_o he_o go_v on_o it_o water_v a_o far_o great_a space_n than_o any_o other_o fountain_n viz._n seventy_o furlong_n long_o and_o twenty_o in_o breadth_n southwards_o of_o the_o province_n of_o jericho_n he_o describe_v the_o brook_n or_o vale_n of_o kedron_n which_o carry_v water_n from_o jerusalem_n to_o the_o dead_a sea_n but_o because_o kedron_n be_v frequent_o mention_v as_o a_o dry_a valley_n and_o there_o be_v some_o reason_n to_o doubt_v whether_o it_o be_v a_o valley_n or_o a_o brook_n we_o shall_v leave_v the_o matter_n undetermined_a and_o proceed_v to_o the_o eastern_a bank_n of_o the_o lacus_n asphaltites_n in_o this_o place_n be_v a_o famous_a fountain_n call_v callirrhoe_n to_o which_o herod_n go_v from_o jericho_n when_o he_o be_v sick_a as_o josephus_n tell_v we_o lib._n 17._o of_o his_o jewish_a antiquity_n ch_n 8._o cross_v jordan_n he_o go_v to_o the_o hot_a water_n near_o callirrhoe_n which_o beside_o their_o virtue_n in_o all_o disease_n may_v be_v safe_o drink_v this_o water_n run_v into_o the_o dead_a sea_n pliny_n place_v this_o fountain_n on_o the_o southside_n of_o the_o lake_n for_o after_o he_o have_v say_v lib._n 5._o cap._n 16._o that_o eastward_n it_o look_v upon_o arabia_n nomadum_fw-la and_o machaerus_n on_o the_o south_n he_o add_v on_o the_o same_o side_n be_v a_o hot_a spring_n of_o a_o medicinal_a virtue_n call_v callirrhoe_n denote_v the_o excellency_n of_o its_o water_n by_o its_o name_n from_o the_o east_n too_o the_o river_n arnon_n fall_v into_o the_o lacus_n asphaltites_n which_o arise_v in_o the_o border_n of_o arabia_n as_o we_o find_v in_o josephus_n l._n 4._o c._n 4._o of_o his_o jewish_a antiquity_n and_o run_v through_o the_o whole_a extent_n of_o the_o desert_n fall_v into_o the_o dead_a sea_n and_o divide_v the_o country_n of_o the_o moabite_n from_o that_o of_o the_o amorites_n more_o to_o the_o southward_n be_v the_o brook_z zered_a mention_v by_o moses_n numb_a 21.12_o deut._n 2.13_o 14._o and_o this_o likewise_o seem_v to_o fall_v into_o the_o lacus_n asphaltites_n from_o whence_o we_o may_v gather_v that_o all_o the_o low_a part_n of_o jordan_n where_o the_o dead_a sea_n now_o be_v be_v not_o only_o water_v with_o the_o stream_n of_o that_o river_n but_o likewise_o with_o several_a fountain_n and_o brook_n which_o run_v into_o it_o now_o since_o all_o this_o water_n have_v no_o inlet_n into_o the_o sea_n it_o
nature_n which_o use_v to_o abuse_v god_n almighty_n gift_n abandon_v themselves_o to_o all_o the_o degree_n of_o wickedness_n as_o moses_n particular_o inform_v we_o gen._n 18_o &_o 19_o after_o man_n be_v satiate_v with_o good_a thing_n say_v philo_n in_o his_o book_n concern_v abraham_n this_o satiety_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o the_o world_n soon_o beget_v wantonness_n if_o we_o may_v take_v cicero_n word_n for_o it_o man_n derive_v their_o manner_n not_o so_o much_o from_o the_o seed_n of_o their_o parent_n as_o from_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v afford_v by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o our_o manner_n of_o live_v the_o carthaginian_n be_v not_o bear_v deceitful_a and_o liar_n but_o make_v so_o by_o the_o nature_n of_o the_o place_n for_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o abundance_n of_o their_o harbour_n and_o their_o frequent_a deal_n with_o merchant_n and_o stranger_n the_o desire_n of_o gain_n put_v they_o upon_o the_o art_n of_o trick_v and_o cheat_v the_o genoeses_n inhabit_v a_o hilly_a country_n be_v hard_o and_o clownish_a the_o very_a nature_n of_o their_o soil_n teach_v they_o this_o which_o produce_v nothing_o but_o with_o much_o cultivate_a and_o labour_n the_o campanian_o be_v always_o proud_a by_o reason_n of_o the_o great_a fertility_n of_o their_o land_n the_o plenty_n of_o fruit_n the_o wholesomeness_n and_o beauty_n of_o their_o city_n from_o this_o abundance_n and_o superfluity_n of_o every_o thing_n arise_v that_o pride_n which_o dispose_v these_o people_n to_o demand_v of_o the_o ancient_a roman_n that_o one_o of_o the_o consul_n shall_v be_v choose_v out_o of_o capua_n and_o afterward_o that_o luxury_n which_o help_v to_o ruin_n hannibal_n who_o all_o the_o difficulty_n and_o fatigue_n of_o war_n can_v not_o conquer_v cicero_n argue_v after_o this_o rate_n in_o his_o oration_n de_fw-fr lege_fw-la argrario_fw-la deliver_v before_o the_o people_n against_o rullus_n and_o likewise_o in_o another_o which_o he_o speak_v in_o the_o senate-house_n he_o be_v utter_o against_o the_o send_v a_o colony_n to_o that_o place_n which_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o fruitfulness_n of_o the_o soil_n and_o the_o plenty_n of_o all_o thing_n be_v say_v to_o have_v beget_v pride_n and_o cruelty_n all_o which_o thing_n exact_o prove_v true_a in_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o plain_a of_o jordan_n who_o soil_n that_o we_o may_v observe_v this_o by_o the_o by_o be_v not_o unlike_a that_o of_o the_o campanian_o which_o to_o this_o day_n abound_v in_o bitumen_n and_o sulphur_n now_o these_o people_n as_o they_o be_v corrupt_v by_o prosperity_n so_o it_o seem_v adversity_n make_v not_o the_o least_o impression_n upon_o their_o mind_n or_o reform_v their_o manner_n although_o they_o be_v conquer_v by_o the_o etymaeans_n and_o their_o confederate_n which_o affliction_n may_v have_v awaken_v a_o less_o flagitious_a people_n to_o a_o sense_n of_o their_o duty_n yet_o it_o wrought_v not_o any_o good_a effect_n upon_o these_o debauchee_n who_o as_o soon_o as_o they_o be_v deliver_v out_o of_o captivity_n carry_v their_o old_a custom_n and_o vice_n home_n along_o with_o they_o see_v the_o 14_o chapter_n of_o genesis_n now_o the_o sinfulness_n of_o these_o people_n do_v not_o only_o consist_v in_o this_o that_o they_o be_v give_v to_o uncleanness_n and_o lasciviousness_n as_o appear_v from_o gen._n ch_z 19_o but_o in_o all_o manner_n of_o wickedness_n certain_o the_o debauchery_n of_o that_o place_n can_v admit_v of_o no_o new_a accession_n but_o be_v already_o arrive_v to_o its_o height_n where_o they_o can_v think_v of_o abuse_v stranger_n after_o so_o abominable_a a_o manner_n therefore_o josephus_n deserve_o begin_v this_o history_n with_o the_o follow_a word_n the_o sodomite_n wax_v proud_a for_o their_o riches_n and_o wealth_n grow_v contumelious_a towards_o man_n and_o impious_a towards_o god_n so_o that_o they_o be_v whole_o unmindful_a of_o the_o favour_n they_o receive_v from_o he_o they_o hate_v stranger_n and_o burn_v in_o mutual_a lust_n with_o one_o another_o hence_o we_o see_v that_o in_o the_o prophet_n the_o proverbial_a appellation_n of_o wicked_a man_n be_v that_o of_o sodom_n and_o gomorrah_n thus_o isaiah_n call_v the_o people_n of_o jerusalem_n ch_n 1.10_o hear_v the_o word_n of_o the_o lord_n you_o prince_n of_o sodom_n listen_v to_o the_o law_n of_o your_o god_n you_o people_n of_o gomorrah_n see_v likewise_o ezekiel_n 16.46_o &_o seqq._n iu._n and_o therefore_o the_o divine_a justice_n offend_v at_o these_o horrid_a enormity_n resolve_v utter_o to_o destroy_v some_o city_n situate_v in_o the_o far_a part_n of_o the_o plain_a of_o jordan_n which_o moses_n relate_v to_o have_v be_v do_v in_o the_o follow_a manner_n the_o lord_n rain_v upon_o sodom_n and_o gomorrah_n brimstone_n and_o fire_n from_o the_o lord_n out_o of_o heaven_n and_o he_o overthrow_v those_o city_n and_o all_o the_o plain_a and_o all_o the_o inhabitant_n of_o the_o city_n and_o that_o which_o grow_v upon_o the_o ground_n gen._n 19.24_o 25._o we_o have_v already_o show_v that_o this_o whole_a tract_n of_o land_n be_v full_a of_o bitumen_n which_o as_o it_o will_v easy_o take_v fire_n be_v soon_o kindle_v by_o the_o lightning_n and_o the_o flame_n be_v not_o only_o to_o be_v see_v upon_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n which_o frequent_o happen_v in_o such_o place_n without_o the_o destruction_n of_o the_o inhabitant_n but_o so_o pierce_v into_o the_o subterranean_a vein_n of_o brimstone_n and_o bitumen_n that_o that_o matter_n be_v destroy_v the_o whole_a earth_n sink_v down_o and_o offord_v a_o receptacle_n to_o the_o water_n flow_v thither_o all_o which_o particular_n we_o will_v now_o endeavour_v to_o handle_v more_o copious_o and_o to_o illustrate_v by_o other_o example_n first_o though_o moses_n only_o mention_n two_o city_n which_o god_n destroy_v by_o lightning_n namely_o sodom_n and_o gomorrah_n yet_o there_o be_v two_o more_o destroy_v at_o the_o same_o time_n adma_n and_o zeboim_n which_o lie_v near_o the_o two_o abovementioned_a city_n as_o appear_v from_o chapter_n 14.2_o nay_o moses_n himself_o affirm_v as_o much_o deut._n 29.23_o where_o take_v occasion_n to_o describe_v the_o punishment_n with_o which_o god_n will_v visit_v the_o wicked_a israelite_n he_o tell_v they_o that_o stranger_n as_o they_o travel_v that_o way_n shall_v gaze_v upon_o their_o land_n burn_v up_o with_o brimstone_n and_o salt_n in_o which_o there_o shall_v be_v no_o sow_v nor_o shall_v any_o thing_n grow_v nor_o any_o herb_n appear_v as_o in_o the_o destruction_n of_o sodom_n gomorrah_n adma_n and_o zeboim_n which_o the_o lord_n overthrow_v in_o his_o anger_n and_o wrath._n see_v likewise_o hosea_n 11.8_o now_o the_o reason_n why_o these_o two_o last_o city_n be_v omit_v seem_v to_o be_v because_o perhaps_o the_o king_n of_o these_o place_n be_v tributary_n to_o those_o of_o sodom_n and_o gomorrah_n strabo_n indeed_o in_o his_o sixteenth_o book_n do_v not_o mention_v that_o only_o four_o city_n be_v subvert_v by_o this_o subterranean_a fire_n but_o thirteen_o but_o perhaps_o he_o may_v be_v deceive_v in_o this_o matter_n as_o well_o as_o he_o be_v in_o believe_v that_o the_o lacus_n serbonis_n be_v the_o same_o with_o the_o asphaltites_n .._o perhaps_o to_o nine_o other_o small_a town_n which_o depend_v upon_o these_o four_o be_v destroy_v at_o the_o same_o time_n it_o be_v certain_a that_o ezekiel_n do_v not_o only_o make_v mention_n of_o sodom_n but_o its_o daughter_n chap._n 16._o that_o be_v the_o city_n that_o be_v situate_a in_o the_o same_o province_n as_o i_o live_v say_v the_o lord_n god_n to_o jerusalem_n thy_o sister_n sodom_n and_o the_o daughter_n thereof_o that_o be_v to_o say_v the_o city_n which_o it_o have_v build_v around_o it_o or_o else_o send_v colony_n into_o have_v not_o do_v as_o thou_o and_o thy_o daughter_n have_v do_v it_o may_v not_o improbable_o be_v suppose_v that_o strabo_n a_o man_n of_o great_a diligence_n and_o infinite_a read_n may_v have_v a_o account_n of_o the_o number_n of_o these_o city_n from_o some_o writer_n of_o the_o phoenician_n history_n second_o god_n be_v say_v to_o have_v rain_v down_o fire_n and_o brimstone_n from_o the_o lord_n which_o be_v a_o periphrasis_n for_o lightning_n as_o in_o psalm_n 9_o ver_fw-la 6._o he_o will_v rain_v whirlwind_n upon_o the_o wicked_a fire_n and_o brimstone_n and_o ezekiel_n 38.22_o i_o will_v punish_v he_o with_o pestilence_n and_o blood_n a_o mighty_a shower_n stone_n of_o hail_o fire_n and_o brimstone_n will_v i_o rain_v down_o upon_o he_o now_o thunder_n be_v therefore_o call_v fire_n and_o brimstone_n which_o be_v as_o much_o as_o to_o say_v brimstone_n set_v on_o fire_n and_o light_v so_o in_o the_o three_o of_o genesis_n v._o 16._o we_o find_v pain_n and_o conception_n that_o be_v pain_n which_o follow_v conception_n he_o that_o be_v desirous_a to_o see_v more_o example_n
of_o this_o nature_n let_v he_o consult_v h._n grotius_n upon_o john_n 3.5_o but_o the_o reason_n why_o thunder_n be_v thus_o describe_v no_o one_o certain_o can_v be_v ignorant_a of_o that_o have_v either_o smell_v those_o place_n that_o have_v be_v strike_v by_o thunder_n or_o have_v read_v what_o learned_a man_n have_v write_v upon_o this_o occasion_n i_o will_v only_o give_v myself_o the_o trouble_n to_o set_v down_o two_o or_o three_o testimony_n thunder_z and_o lightning_n likewise_o say_v pliny_n lib._n 35._o c._n 15._o have_v the_o smell_v of_o brimstone_n and_o the_o very_a light_n or_o flame_n of_o they_o be_v sulphureous_a and_o seneca_n in_o the_o second_o book_n of_o his_o natural_a question_n ch_n 21._o tell_v we_o that_o all_o thing_n that_o be_v strike_v by_o lightning_n have_v a_o sulphureous_a smell_n and_o indeed_o our_o natural_a philosopher_n have_v plain_o demonstrate_v that_o the_o thunderbolt_n be_v nothing_o else_o but_o a_o sulphureous_a exhalation_n for_o this_o persius_n in_o his_o second_o satire_n call_v it_o sulphus_n sacrum_n ignovisse_fw-la putas_fw-la quia_fw-la cum_fw-la tonet_fw-la ocyus_fw-la ilex_fw-la sulphur_n discutitur_fw-la sacro_fw-la quam_fw-la túque_fw-la domúsque_fw-la on_o the_o other_o hand_n because_o the_o thunderbolt_n be_v of_o a_o sulphureous_a nature_n the_o greek_n seem_v to_o have_v call_v brimstone_n in_o their_o language_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v divine_a by_o a_o proper_a name_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d because_o it_o come_v from_o god_n now_o god_n be_v not_o bare_o say_v to_o have_v rain_v down_o brimstone_n and_o fire_n but_o brimstone_n and_o fire_n from_o the_o lord_n where_o the_o addition_n of_o from_o the_o lord_n which_o at_o first_o sight_n may_v appear_v to_o be_v superfluous_a do_v more_o particular_o describe_v the_o thunderbolt_n which_o by_o the_o hebrew_n and_o other_o nation_n be_v frequent_o call_v the_o fire_n of_o god_n and_o fire_n from_o god_n thus_o in_o the_o second_o book_n of_o king_n c._n 1._o v._n 12._o the_o fire_n of_o god_n come_v down_o from_o heaven_n and_o devour_v he_o see_v likewise_o job_n 1._o v._o 16._o isaiah_n use_v the_o same_o expression_n c._n 66._o v._n 16._o he_o shall_v be_v punish_v with_o the_o fire_n of_o the_o lord_z after_o this_o manner_n the_o latin_a poet_n speak_v herein_o intimate_v the_o grecian_n as_o ovid._n met._n l._n 15._o jamque_fw-la opus_fw-la exegi_fw-la quod_fw-la nec_fw-la jovis_n ira_fw-la nec_fw-la ignes_fw-la nec_fw-la poterit_fw-la ferrum_fw-la nec_fw-la edax_fw-la abolere_fw-la vetustas_fw-la statius_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o thebais_n ilicet_fw-la igne_fw-la jovis_n lapsisque_fw-la citatior_fw-la astris_fw-la tristibus_fw-la exiluit_fw-la ripis_fw-la because_o man_n have_v no_o power_n over_o these_o kind_n of_o meteor_n and_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o they_o by_o any_o contrivance_n to_o ascend_v up_o to_o the_o cloud_n therefore_o god_n be_v suppose_v to_o dwell_v there_o and_o to_o cast_v his_o dart_n from_o thence_o although_o he_o be_v equal_o present_a in_o all_o place_n and_o do_v not_o send_v his_o thunderbolt_n for_o any_o peculiar_a reason_n three_o though_o moses_n do_v not_o inform_v we_o after_o what_o manner_n the_o thunderbolt_n subvert_v these_o unhappy_a city_n and_o the_o adjoin_a territory_n yet_o since_o he_o make_v mention_n of_o they_o we_o can_v comprehend_v how_o it_o happen_v any_o otherwise_o than_o that_o the_o thunderbolt_n fall_v in_o great_a plenty_n upon_o some_o pit_n of_o bitumen_n the_o vein_n of_o that_o combustible_a matter_n take_v fire_n immediate_o and_o as_o the_o fire_n penetrate_v into_o the_o lowermost_a bowel_n of_o this_o bituminous_a soil_n these_o wicked_a city_n be_v subvert_v by_o a_o tremor_n and_o sink_v down_o of_o the_o ground_n we_o will_v not_o here_o enlarge_v how_o easy_o naphtha_n which_o be_v a_o sort_n of_o liquid_a bitumen_n be_v set_v on_o fire_n the_o reader_n may_v at_o his_o leisure_n consult_v what_o strabo_n l._n 16._o plutarch_n in_o the_o life_n of_o alexander_n and_o pliny_n l._n 2._o c._n 105._o have_v say_v upon_o this_o subject_a perhaps_o in_o some_o part_n of_o this_o delicious_a plain_n which_o be_v overthrow_v there_o be_v only_o the_o thick_a bitumen_n but_o even_o the_o very_a vapour_n of_o that_o matter_n which_o exhale_v from_o ground_n impregnate_v with_o it_o be_v easy_o set_v on_o fire_n in_o lycia_n the_o hephoestian_a mountain_n if_o you_o do_v but_o touch_v they_o with_o a_o light_a torch_n immediate_o take_v fire_n so_o that_o the_o very_a stone_n in_o the_o river_n and_o the_o sand_n in_o the_o water_n burn_v if_o you_o take_v a_o stick_v out_o of_o these_o water_n and_o draw_v furrow_n upon_o the_o ground_n with_o it_o according_a to_o the_o common_a report_n a_o tract_n of_o fire_n follow_v it_o these_o be_v pliny_n word_n l._n 2._o c._n 106._o there_o be_v a_o small_a hill_n in_o the_o province_n belong_v to_o grenoble_n from_o whence_o a_o smoke_n of_o a_o bituminous_a smell_n be_v perpetual_o see_v to_o proceed_v now_o this_o smoke_n by_o a_o light_a flambeau_n or_o chaff_n be_v soon_o set_v on_o fire_n which_o we_o ourselves_o know_v to_o be_v true_a by_o ocular_a experience_n in_o that_o lamentable_a earthquake_n which_o in_o the_o month_n of_o january_n 1693._o shake_v all_o sicily_n after_o so_o prodigious_a and_o miserable_a a_o manner_n some_o author_n of_o very_a good_a credit_n have_v assure_v we_o that_o thunderbolt_n fall_v in_o several_a place_n of_o the_o island_n and_o this_o observation_n be_v not_o unknown_a to_o the_o ancient_n for_o seneca_n quoest_n nat._n l._n 2._o c._n 30._o say_v aetna_n have_v sometime_o burn_v exceed_o and_o throw_v up_o a_o wonderful_a quantity_n of_o burn_a sand_n the_o day_n obscure_v by_o the_o smoke_n and_o ash_n so_o that_o the_o people_n be_v terrify_v at_o so_o unexpected_a a_o scence_z of_o darkness_n at_o these_o time_n as_o the_o common_a tradition_n go_v there_o be_v a_o great_a deal_n of_o thunder_n and_o lightning_n and_o therefore_o the_o bitumen_n which_o be_v so_o plentiful_o find_v in_o the_o soil_n of_o sodom_n may_v be_v set_v on_o fire_n by_o a_o thunderbolt_n and_o since_o it_o flow_v or_o be_v dig_v not_o from_o the_o superficies_n of_o the_o earth_n but_o from_o vein_n of_o a_o mighty_a depth_n when_o once_o it_o have_v take_v fire_n the_o flame_n must_v of_o necessity_n run_v along_o all_o those_o vein_n and_o at_o last_o shake_v and_o subvert_v the_o ground_n the_o same_o thing_n frequent_o happen_v to_o the_o field_n about_o aetna_n and_o vesuvius_n for_o the_o very_a same_o reason_n innumerable_a author_n have_v write_v of_o the_o soil_n of_o sicily_n but_o justin_n shall_v serve_v for_o all_o who_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o four_o book_n thus_o describe_v it_o the_o earth_n be_v natural_o thin_a and_o friable_a and_o by_o reason_n of_o the_o several_a cavern_n and_o pipe_n so_o penetrable_a that_o the_o great_a part_n of_o it_o be_v expose_v to_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind_n nay_o the_o genius_n of_o the_o soil_n be_v proper_a for_o generate_a and_o nourish_v of_o fire_n because_o it_o be_v say_v to_o be_v crust_v within_o with_o sulphur_n and_o bitumen_n which_o be_v the_o reason_n that_o when_o the_o wind_n struggle_v with_o the_o fire_n under_o ground_n it_o frequent_o belch_v out_o sometime_o flame_n sometime_o vapour_n and_o sometime_o smoke_n and_o that_o in_o several_a place_n cornelius_n severus_n prosecute_v this_o argument_n at_o large_a in_o his_o poem_n entitle_v aetna_n the_o same_o observation_n have_v be_v make_v of_o the_o ground_n that_o lie_v about_o the_o vesuvius_n in_o the_o kingdom_n of_o naples_n and_o several_a town_n have_v frequent_o be_v there_o overthrow_v by_o earthquake_n pliny_n the_o young_a in_o the_o 16_o epistle_n l._n 6._o where_o he_o relate_v the_o death_n of_o his_o learned_a uncle_n who_o be_v suffocate_v as_o he_o approach_v too_o near_o the_o fire_n of_o that_o mountain_n the_o house_n say_v he_o with_o frequent_a and_o prodigious_a tremble_n nod_v and_o as_o if_o they_o have_v be_v remove_v from_o their_o foundation_n seem_v to_o move_v this_o way_n and_o that_o way_n and_o seneca_n in_o the_o six_o book_n of_o his_o natural_a question_n ch_n 1._o have_v the_o follow_a passage_n we_o be_v tell_v that_o pompeii_n a_o famous_a city_n of_o campania_n be_v subvert_v by_o a_o earthquake_n this_o concussion_n happen_v on_o the_o five_o the_o which_o be_v our_o five_o nones_n of_o february_n under_o the_o consulate_a of_o regulus_n and_o virginius_n and_o occasion_v incredible_a loss_n in_o campania_n which_o though_o it_o be_v never_o free_a from_o these_o motion_n yet_o it_o seldom_o suffer_v by_o they_o that_o which_o seneca_n tell_v we_o happen_v to_o the_o city_n of_o pompeii_n do_v we_o say_v be_v the_o very_a same_o calamity_n which_o visit_v these_o city_n in_o the_o plain_a of_o
〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o first_o of_o they_o in_o this_o place_n may_v proper_o signify_v two_o thing_n 1._o a_o heap_n such_o for_o instance_n as_o be_v erect_v to_o preserve_v the_o memory_n of_o any_o remarkable_a accident_n such_o as_o laban_n and_o jacob_n raise_v in_o the_o mountain_n galaad_n as_o we_o find_v in_o gen._n ch_z 31._o such_o a_o heap_n be_v call_v mattsebah_n a_o word_n of_o near_a affinity_n to_o this_o which_o signify_v any_o thing_n that_o be_v raise_v up_o for_o this_o reason_n d._n kimchi_n seem_v to_o interpret_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d thal_o and_o upon_o this_o consideration_n perhaps_o or_o from_o the_o relation_n of_o those_o person_n who_o say_v they_o have_v see_v it_o sulpitiùs_fw-la severus_n suppose_v lot_n wife_n to_o be_v turn_v into_o a_o heap_n of_o stone_n they_o be_v forbid_v these_o be_v his_o word_n to_o look_v behind_o they_o but_o the_o woman_n not_o regard_v this_o prohibition_n as_o it_o be_v the_o infirmity_n of_o human_a nature_n to_o long_o more_o earnest_o after_o forbid_a thing_n turn_v back_o her_o eye_n and_o be_v report_v to_o have_v be_v immediate_o change_v into_o a_o heap_n 2._o it_o may_v signify_v a_o statue_n or_o pillar_n the_o lxx_o interpreter_n have_v translate_v it_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d a_o pillar_n of_o salt_n st._n jerome_n a_o statue_n and_o onkelos_n the_o same_o from_o which_o ambiguity_n of_o the_o word_n it_o have_v happen_v that_o some_o will_v have_v lot_n wife_n turn_v into_o a_o pillar_n without_o the_o resemblance_n of_o a_o feminine_a shape_n but_o other_o understand_v it_o to_o have_v be_v the_o statue_n of_o a_o woman_n wherein_o all_o her_o liniament_n be_v plain_o to_o be_v see_v as_o we_o shall_v observe_v hereafter_o but_o beside_o these_o proper_a signification_n the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d may_v in_o a_o figurative_a sense_n be_v apply_v to_o signify_v something_o immovable_a and_o hard_a like_o a_o pillar_n or_o statue_n whence_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d nitsbelha_n in_o chaldee_n signify_v hardness_n dan._n 2.41_o nay_o the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d signify_v a_o garrison_n or_o station_n of_o soldier_n because_o sentinel_n continue_v always_o in_o the_o same_o post_n see_v 1_o sam._n 13.3_o therefore_o this_o may_v be_v the_o meaning_n of_o moses_n that_o lot_n wife_n grow_v stiff_a and_o remain_v there_o motionless_a like_o a_o pillar_n or_o statue_n as_o we_o shall_v more_o full_o prove_v anon_o thus_o in_o common_a conversation_n we_o be_v use_v to_o compare_v stupid_a man_n that_o be_v gaze_v at_o any_o thing_n long_o in_o the_o same_o posture_n of_o body_n to_o statue_n philo_z in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr profugis_fw-la where_o he_o interpret_v this_o history_n in_o a_o allegorical_a manner_n not_o unelogant_o use_v the_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o a_o metaphorical_a sense_n he_o say_v that_o those_o who_o leave_v the_o thing_n before_o they_o and_o turn_v their_o neck_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d behind_o they_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d become_v pillar_n like_o a_o inanimate_a and_o mute_a stone_n he_o have_v the_o same_o expression_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr somniis_fw-la and_o say_v of_o a_o man_n that_o neglect_v his_o soul_n and_o only_o mind_v his_o body_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d he_o will_v stand_v like_o a_o inanimate_a pillar_n which_o be_v consume_v of_o itself_o the_o other_o word_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d melahh_n beside_o its_o common_a signification_n of_o salt_n proper_o so_o call_v have_v two_o other_o meaning_n in_o scripture_n sometime_o it_o signify_v a_o salt_n and_o barren_a soil_n like_o that_o about_o the_o lacus_n asphaltites_n as_o we_o find_v in_o moses_n deut._n 29.23_o all_o his_o land_n shall_v be_v brimstone_n salt_n and_o combustion_n it_o shall_v not_o be_v sow_o nor_o yield_v fruit_n nor_o shall_v any_o herb_n grow_v therein_o as_o in_o the_o destruction_n of_o sodom_n etc._n etc._n in_o other_o place_n this_o sort_n of_o soil_n be_v call_v melhha_n as_o psalm_n 107.34_o and_o the_o lxx_o interpreter_n render_v it_o by_o 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d in_o which_o sense_n if_o it_o be_v here_o understand_v the_o preposition_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d which_o be_v frequent_o leave_v out_o as_o gen._n 24.23_o psal_n 2.12_o be_v want_v and_o then_o it_o will_v run_v thus_o and_o she_o be_v a_o statue_n or_o in_o other_o hebrew_n word_n they_o stand_v or_o remain_v a_o statue_n in_o a_o saltish_a soil_n sometime_o it_o signify_v a_o long_a space_n of_o time_n as_o in_o numb_a 17.19_o this_o shall_v be_v a_o covenant_n of_o salt_n or_o a_o everlasting_a covenant_n to_o thou_o we_o meet_v the_o same_o expression_n 2_o chron._n 13.5_o now_o salt_n seem_v to_o be_v a_o symbol_n of_o eternity_n because_o thing_n that_o be_v season_v with_o it_o continue_v incorrupt_a for_o many_o year_n which_o perhaps_o be_v the_o reason_n why_o this_o word_n be_v use_v to_o signify_v duration_n of_o time_n and_o if_o this_o signification_n may_v be_v admit_v lot_n wife_n may_v be_v understand_v to_o have_v continue_v always_o in_o the_o country_n of_o sodom_n or_o there_o to_o have_v be_v benumoe_v and_o never_o to_o have_v return_v back_o thus_o we_o see_v there_o be_v nothing_o in_o moses_n word_n which_o oblige_v we_o to_o suppose_v that_o any_o unusual_a metamorphosis_n happen_v in_o this_o case_n in_o order_n to_o find_v out_o any_o meaning_n in_o they_o and_o yet_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o have_v recourse_n to_o this_o sorry_a shift_n unless_o after_o a_o diligent_a inquiry_n into_o the_o signification_n of_o his_o word_n we_o be_v convince_v they_o can_v bear_v no_o other_o meaning_n for_o since_o those_o prodigy_n which_o be_v above_o the_o power_n of_o nature_n very_o rare_o happen_v in_o comparison_n of_o those_o that_o may_v be_v effect_v by_o it_o we_o ought_v seldom_o to_o admit_v of_o any_o miracle_n in_o the_o interpretation_n of_o scripture_n unless_o there_o be_v a_o urgent_a occasion_n for_o it_o iii_o when_o god_n be_v please_v to_o work_v any_o mirdcle_n that_o be_v something_o which_o can_v be_v do_v according_a to_o the_o rule_n of_o nature_n as_o they_o be_v at_o first_o establish_v there_o be_v some_o important_a reason_n why_o the_o alwise_a governor_n of_o the_o universe_n neglect_v the_o law_n of_o nature_n and_o make_v use_v of_o his_o infinite_a prerogative_n because_o it_o be_v by_o no_o mean_n consistent_a with_o his_o wisdom_n frequent_o to_o break_v that_o order_n for_o trivial_a cause_n which_o he_o at_o the_o creation_n institute_v with_o the_o high_a reason_n now_o if_o we_o careful_o examine_v this_o wonderful_a metamorphosis_n of_o lot_n wife_n we_o shall_v find_v nothing_o in_o this_o whole_a affair_n that_o seem_v to_o deserve_v so_o great_a a_o miracle_n it_o be_v enough_o that_o this_o undiscreet_a woman_n be_v punish_v by_o death_n for_o her_o dilatoriness_n nor_o do_v the_o angel_n threaten_v to_o inflict_v any_o thing_n beyond_o this_o save_v thy_o life_n say_v he_o and_o do_v it_o look_v behind_o thou_o nor_o tarry_v in_o the_o plain_a but_o fly_v to_o the_o mountain_n lest_o thou_o shall_v perish_v nor_o be_v there_o the_o least_o necessity_n for_o a_o miracle_n to_o destroy_v she_o as_o we_o shall_v present_o demonstrate_v beside_o who_o can_v digest_v this_o absurd_a turn_n of_o she_o into_o salt_n where_o any_o thing_n of_o this_o nature_n be_v relate_v in_o scripture_n there_o be_v evident_a convince_a reason_n why_o such_o and_o such_o miracle_n and_o no_o other_o shall_v be_v wrought_v a_o man_n of_o the_o mean_a capacity_n know_v why_o moses_n rod_n be_v change_v into_o a_o serpent_n and_o water_n into_o wine_n at_o the_o marriage_n in_o cana._n but_o here_o if_o we_o be_v to_o resign_v our_o faith_n up_o blind_o to_o the_o interpreter_n a_o strange_a and_o sudden_a change_n be_v wrought_v for_o no_o reason_n at_o all_o for_o i_o will_v willing_o be_v inform_v why_o lot_n wife_n be_v rather_o turn_v into_o salt_n than_o into_o a_o stone_n some_o people_n pretend_v this_o be_v do_v because_o the_o earth_n itself_o be_v convert_v into_o salt_n as_o moses_n inform_v we_o deut._n 29._o emit_v a_o saline_a vapour_n which_o penerate_v the_o flesh_n of_o the_o woman_n she_o be_v immediate_o turn_v into_o salt_n but_o those_o that_o have_v diligent_o examine_v the_o nature_n of_o salt_n tell_v we_o that_o this_o terrestrial_a salt_n be_v fix_v as_o the_o chemist_n express_v it_o that_o be_v do_v not_o spend_v itself_o in_o vapour_n nevertheless_o shall_v we_o grant_v what_o they_o so_o confident_o affirm_v yet_o a_o human_a body_n though_o it_o be_v never_o so_o much_o impregnate_v with_o those_o vapour_n will_v not_o on_o the_o sudden_a be_v change_v into_o salt_n beside_o though_o the_o
that_o we_o know_v of_o most_o of_o those_o who_o describe_v that_o sea_n say_v that_o it_o be_v fordable_a they_o also_o say_v that_o it_o have_v a_o violent_a ebb_a and_o flow_v p._n belonius_a observe_v book_n ii_o ch_z 67._o speak_v of_o a_o town_n call_v now_o tor_n say_v that_o it_o be_v situate_v on_o a_o high_a place_n for_o the_o sea_n swell_v sometime_o so_o much_o that_o it_o overflow_v the_o field_n and_o surround_v the_o town_n with_o its_o water_n nor_o can_v it_o be_v otherwise_o in_o a_o narrow_a streight_n especial_o when_o it_o reach_v from_o south_n to_o north_n for_o the_o sea_n flow_v from_o the_o south_n through_o a_o narrow_a passage_n with_o great_a violence_n and_o have_v no_o room_n to_o expatiate_v it_o must_v needs_o be_v high_a on_o the_o contrary_a when_o it_o ebb_v it_o must_v of_o necessity_n leave_v many_o ford_n empty_a and_o the_o extremity_n of_o the_o golph_n almost_o dry_a however_o a_o place_n out_o of_o psalm_n 136._o v._o 13._o may_v be_v object_v against_o my_o hypothesis_n there_o it_o be_v say_v that_o god_n divide_v the_o red_a sea_n into_o part_n which_o word_n seem_v to_o imply_v that_o the_o water_n be_v so_o divide_v by_o the_o wind_n as_o to_o be_v drive_v on_o the_o right_a hand_n and_o on_o the_o left_a but_o they_o may_v be_v say_v to_o be_v divide_v into_o part_n if_o the_o water_n remain_v on_o both_o side_n though_o it_o be_v not_o heap_v up_o by_o the_o strength_n of_o the_o wind_n for_o the_o water_n which_o return_v towards_o the_o south_n be_v separate_v from_o that_o which_o remain_v in_o the_o northern_a pit_n which_o water_n leave_v in_o those_o pit_n may_v be_v call_v a_o part_n because_o it_o be_v separate_v from_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o water_n by_o the_o violence_n of_o the_o wind._n we_o read_v in_o the_o annal_n of_o geneva_n that_o in_o the_o year_n mccccxc_n the_o southwind_n blow_v with_o so_o great_a a_o violence_n that_o the_o water_n of_o the_o rhone_n a_o most_o swift_a river_n flow_v from_o the_o leman_n lake_n to_o the_o south_n stand_v still_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o hour_n in_o like_a manner_n the_o wind_n may_v increase_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o ebb_a sea_n and_o stop_v its_o impetuosity_n when_o it_o flow_v again_o it_o be_v observe_v in_o holland_n in_o the_o year_n mdclxxii_o that_o the_o ebb_a of_o the_o sea_n last_v twelve_o hour_n which_o hinder_v the_o descent_n of_o the_o english_a whether_o this_o be_v the_o effect_n of_o the_o wind_n or_o some_o other_o cause_n be_v not_o well_o know_v why_o therefore_o can_v not_o the_o ebb_a of_o the_o red_a sea_n last_v long_o than_o it_o usual_o do_v through_o the_o divine_a will_n and_o return_v late_a to_o the_o same_o shore_n v._o have_v thus_o explain_v the_o word_n of_o moses_n which_o concern_v the_o thing_n itself_o it_o will_v not_o be_v needless_a to_o inquire_v from_o what_o part_n of_o heaven_n the_o wind_n blow_v the_o lord_n say_v moses_n cause_v the_o sea_n to_o go_v back_o by_o a_o strong_a east-wind_n all_o that_o night_n as_o our_o translation_n render_v it_o but_o i_o be_o of_o opinion_n the_o hebrew_n word_n kadim_n can_v here_o signify_v a_o east-wind_n because_o such_o a_o wind_n be_v fit_a to_o drive_v the_o flood_n to_o the_o shore_n wherein_o the_o israelite_n be_v than_o to_o divide_v the._n water_n unless_o we_o suppose_v that_o it_o blow_v only_o on_o a_o certain_a part_n of_o the_o sea_n so_o as_o to_o hinder_v the_o water_n from_o run_v in_o the_o middle_n but_o who_o can_v apprehend_v how_o so_o many_o thousand_o of_o man_n can_v i_o will_v not_o say_v stand_v in_o the_o channel_n of_o the_o sea_n but_o go_v through_o it_o in_o so_o short_a a_o time_n whilst_o so_o violent_a a_o whirlwind_n blow_v in_o their_o face_n i_o shall_v think_v therefore_o that_o the_o word_n kadim_n denote_v not_o that_o part_n of_o heaven_n from_o whence_o this_o wind_n blue_a but_o a_o violent_a wind_n from_o whencesoever_o it_o blow_v nor_o do_v moses_n add_v the_o word_n strong_a because_o the_o wind_n call_v kadim_n be_v not_o common_o a_o violent_a one_o but_o because_o the_o wind_n which_o drive_v the_o water_n of_o the_o red_a sea_n towards_o the_o ocean_n be_v extreme_o violent_a the_o word_n kadim_n signify_v a_o violent_a wind_n psal_n 48.8_o ezech._n 27.26_o job_n 27.21_o jer._n 18.17_o isa_n 27.8_o jon._n 4.8_o we_o may_v therefore_o understand_v by_o the_o word_n kadim_n a_o northwind_n nor_o can_v any_o other_o wind_n open_v a_o passage_n to_o the_o israelite_n through_o the_o ford_n of_o the_o sea_n as_o i_o have_v show_v vi_o the_o thing_n itself_o favour_v my_o opinion_n as_o we_o have_v see_v and_o no_o strong_a argument_n can_v be_v bring_v against_o it_o from_o the_o word_n of_o moses_n some_o therefore_o will_v perhaps_o endeavour_v to_o confute_v it_o some_o other_o way_n viz._n by_o accuse_v it_o of_o novelty_n but_o i_o may_v shelter_v myself_o under_o the_o authority_n of_o josephus_n who_o seem_v to_o have_v have_v the_o like_a 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have_v the_o same_o thought_n as_o i_o have_v concern_v the_o passage_n of_o the_o israelite_n through_o the_o red_a sea_n josephus_n may_v also_o have_v add_v out_o of_o livy_n book_n xxvi_o ch._n 45._o if_o he_o know_v it_o what_o that_o historian_n say_v concern_v the_o take_n of_o new_a carthage_n by_o p._n scipio_n africanus_n to_o stop_v thereby_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o roman_n who_o deny_v the_o truth_n of_o the_o history_n of_o the_o hebrew_n the_o word_n of_o livy_n run_v thus_o as_o soon_o as_o he_o be_v tell_v the_o sea_n ebb_v he_o lead_v his_o army_n to_o it_o because_o he_o hear_v from_o some_o fisher_n man_n who_o have_v be_v there_o in_o some_o light_a boat_n and_o be_v go_v through_o the_o ford_n when_o their_o boat_n stick_v that_o he_o may_v easy_o go_v to_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o town_n a_o foot_n it_o be_v about_o the_o middle_n of_o the_o day_n and_o beside_o the_o water_n be_v go_v back_o according_a to_o its_o ordinary_a ebb_a a_o violent_a northwind_n arise_v blow_v the_o same_o way_n the_o sea_n ebb_v which_o so_o lay_v open_v the_o ford_n that_o in_o some_o place_n the_o water_n come_v only_o to_o the_o belly_n and_o in_o other_o place_n scarce_o to_o the_o knee_n scipio_n have_v careful_o observe_v this_o and_o ascribe_v it_o as_o a_o prodigy_n to_o the_o protection_n of_o the_o god_n who_o open_v a_o new_a way_n for_o the_o roman_n through_o the_o sea_n he_o command_v his_o soldier_n to_o follow_v neptune_n as_o their_o guide_n but_o neither_o scipio_n nor_o alexander_n can_v know_v that_o the_o northwind_n will_v blow_v when_o it_o be_v necessary_a for_o they_o and_o see_v the_o providence_n of_o god_n rule_v the_o action_n of_o the_o