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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A24128	The true history of the Jacobites of Egypt, Lybia, Nubia, &c. their origine, religion, ceremonies, laws, and customs, whereby you may see how they differ from the Jacobites of Great Britain / translated by a person of quality from the Latin of Josephus Abudernus ...; Historia Jacobitarum seu Coptorum in Aegypto, Lybia, Nubia, Aethiopia tota, & parte Cypri insulae habitantium. English	Abudacnus, Josephus.; Sadleir, Edwin, Sir, d. 1719.	1692 (1692)	Wing A157; ESTC R7172	21,679	45

Cap in the Figure of a pot but have no sign on their heads as the Papists and Greeks use to have It is a Crime to a Woman to be in the Hermitage where they live neither can any person that is in the Monastery go into a Nunnery every Week almost they are appointed some Mechanick Work as to sow the Ground or to plow the Fields or to grind at the Mill or to bake in the Oven or the like so that they never find any time to spend in laziness but employ their time either in working or praying Their Divine Studies are the Lives of Saints and some spiritual Books of Oraisous wherein they are carefully to exercise themselves In time of Lent the greatest part of them that are more advanced in Age remain alone Days and Nights in Hermitages But now of the sacred Virgins which some call Religious they are amongst the Jacobites as they are amongst the Papists and Greeks They are always shut up in their Monasteries and never go out unless necessity forces some of them that are the chiefest and have the Government when it may conduce to the good and profit of the Monastery in their Victuals they live in all respects as the Monks before-mentioned do only they have no commerce with a stranger or person of any other Tribe unless it be in the Monastery where they are shut as in the Refectory or Choire where it is lawful to them to see one another None are let into the Monastery unless they will be anathematized Yet sometimes to some noble persons it is permitted to enter that they may bestow their Charity but they must first have leave from the Patriarch Their Custom is to build these Monasteries in neat Towns near a Church that they may hear Mass on Holy-days CHAP. XIX Of their FASTS THey are used to fast four times in the Year And first in Lent which continues from Septuagesima-Sunday to Easter and is observed both by Lay men and also by those the French call Religious and finally by all who have attained the Age of sixteen Years They eat only of Bread and Pulses and Herbs which they are not to season with Oyl and of these but once a day and that is in the Evening The second time of fasting is the Advent from the fifteenth day in November till the Feast of the Nativity which happens the twenty fifth of December And then they forbear Flesh and Milk but may eat of Fish lawfully The third is celebrated in honour of the blessed Virgin and begins the twenty fourth day of September and ends the twenty-fifth day of August which is Assumption-day Their fourth and last Fast is in honour of the Apostles St. Peter and St. Paul and begins the first Sunday in Pentecost and ends on their day viz. the twenty ninth of June But as to the time or duration of this Fast it is not certain for it is according to the course of Easter At this time as well as at the Advent they eat Fish but in time of Lent or when they fast in honour of the blessed Virgin they do not CHAP. XX. Of their Holy Pilgrimages THE Jacobites are used to go on Pilgrimage upon a Religious account for to say in a word there are many places in Aegypt where the Bodies of Saints and Images of the blessed Virgin are kept which they believe to perform many extraordinary Miracles But about the middle of Lent for the most part they are wonted to travel to Jerusalem and because the Road is infested with Thieves and Arabs they use all to gather together in the Metropolis of Aegypt whether Jacobites Greeks or Europeans Merchants or Artificers Pilgrims c. and there joyn in one Body or Caravan as they call it and the number of the Pilgrims is so great that it sometimes exceeds sixty thousand Men. And after in this manner they are assembled together they ascend their Camels and begin their Journey and in twelve or fifteen days space reach the City of Jerusalem But before they arrive there they are to enter into the City of Gaza and then Catea and Ravilay in which three mentioned places they are to pay a Toll or Custom to the Turk such as are Subjects eight French Crowns the rest double to wit sixteen Again when they are come to Jerusalem four Crowns are to be given by the Subject eight by the rest and they live in a sort of Hospitality together as long as they stay at Jerusalem where all the Holy Week they visit the Holy places But on the Sabbath-day they assemble all together in the Church of the Sepulcher and hear Mass which all the Bishops that are present celebrate in so many several Chappels In the Chappel of the Sepulcher only the Patriarch of the Jacobites if he be present otherwise his Vicar with some of the Abyssine Churches upon whom they say a Light shineth out of the Sepulcher But the Turks that are Keepers extinguish all the Lamps and Candles set up that day in the Church which are again lighted by the Divine Light springing out of the Sepulcher But many esteem this to be a fiction and in truth it is so it is possible and many testifie that this might anciently have been when those that professed the Christian Religion were very rare but now the Faith being displayed through the whole World we have no need of any such Miracles But that the Turks may have a good esteem of the Christian Religion they are wont to deceive the credulous minds of the simple with such Arts as may bring no damage to the Christian Faith feigning the Lamps to have been kindled by a light shining out of the Sepulcher when indeed they have a Lamp suspended out of the Sepulcher with which the Priest lighteth up again all the rest that were extinguished And this is done by the Aethiopians or the Jacobites because they alone as we said before celebrate Mass in the Chappel of the Sepulcher Many Europeans believe this but to impose upon the Greeks and Chaldeans in this matter is a thing impossible The first day of Easter being past they visit the Holy Places which are out of Jerusalem as Bethlehem the River Jordan and the rest of the Holy Places of the Passion which they do throughout the whole Week of Easter and after this every one returneth into his own Country But there are also some peculiar places in Aegypt to which they go upon a Religious score as first to the Virgin Mary's Temple to which they are accustomed to go thinking on the eighth day of September which is her Birth-day the Blessed Virgin together with some particular Saints appear in a phantastick manner in the Circuit of the Sanctuary which many flock together to see Many other places likewise they have dedicated to Saints as to St George St. Antony and others and because they are famed for many Miracles out of devotion they repair thither in a great number they take

if any Jacobite having forsaken his Religion does embrace that of the Greeks Papists or Armenians then he may and even ought to call him to an account but if he be turned Mahometan then he cannot for they are Masters and it is not lawful for Christians to contend with those whom they serve but if he lives in those Countries which are not subject to the Turk as in Aethiopia he may call him and require a reason why he did forsake his Religion nay indeed pronounce an Anathema against him but this is rarely done in these times the Patriarch fearing least he that is so used should turn Mahometan amongst whom there is no Salvation the Mahometan not caring to be saved by or in Christ And this only Power he now possesses for he is not secure as to the things belonging unto the Church such as Tythes First-fruits Marriage-fees or Alms which are given by Christians at or near their Death-beds or those things used to be given by such as receive the Sacraments of Ordination and Confirmation c. for concerning these things he can move no Controversie with the Subject For whether he can give or not give perform or not perform what is appointed it is the same thing he must wait upon his charitable disposition and kindness and so much for the Spiritual Government of those who are under the Dominion and Empire of the Turk CHAP. IV. Of the Election of the Patriarch Archbishops c. WHen the Patriarch who held the Keys in Spiritual Matters is dead and buried the Canons of the Church do publickly exhort every one to pray to God that he would please to assist each one with his Holy Spirit that a new Governour of the Church may be chosen which may be acceptable to his Divine Majesty and to Men and presently Convoke by their Letters the Arch Bishops and Bishops who as soon as they are come together into the Cathedral Church choose one of the ancientest Monks of the Hermites who seems to be a truly Penitent and to have strictly exercis'd Fasting and Continency and all other Vertues belonging to the Mortification of the Flesh But when any one is chosen they do not declare who it is for as soon as any of them knows he is chosen to that Dignity he flies and does not willingly accept but they take and lead him by force into the Town and intreat him with many supplications that he would vouchsafe to be Pastor of their Church since he was chosen by the Arch Bishops and Bishops conducted by the Holy Ghost He opposes with many Words and Tears professing himself insufficient for so great a Charge but at last overcome as it were by their importunity he accepteth Then he is brought to the Bacha or Vice-Roy for that time in Aegypt by whom he is constituted Patriarch of the Jacobites and from whom he receives a Grant of his first Petition which is That he may Govern the Church according to the Institutions of their Ancestors And so much for the Election of the Patriarch let us now speak of the Bishops They are chosen almost in the same way as the Patriarchs for they are taken by force and conducted to the Patriarch who admonishes them not to wave any longer so sacred a Function but to submit themselves to it remembring that they are both Elected and Called by the Holy Ghost who can render facile to them what they think hard and difficult to whom as soon as consenting to take on them the Office is given either by the Patriarch or the Bacha after the same manner a Faculty that it may not be lawful for any Person under their Charge to disobey or contend in any thing As to the Election of the Arch-Bishop the Patriarch together with the Canons assemble in the Church and having chosen him he receives Authentick Letters from the Patriarch and Vice-Roy or Bacha and such a Power as is usually given to an Arch-Bishop and so after his Consecration is sent into the Province which is allotted him The same way are chosen Prebendaries Priests and Superiours of Convents who all refuse at the first but at last overcome as it were by entreaty do accept Of which number none receive this Authority from the Turk nor his Confirmation but Abbots and Priors of Convents the others requiring not such a one because under either the Patriarch or some Bishop CHAP. V. Of the Consecration of the Patriarch Arch-Bishops and Bishops SInce it is not a daily but a rare thing to Consecrate a Patriarch we will in few words give some account of that Ceremony The Election of the Patriarch being made as we said before in the Cathedral Church and Notice being given to all People of the certain Day of his Consecration all the Citizens and Inhabitants of Memphis and many Strangers come flocking into the Church where the Consecration is to be solemniz'd and not only many Christians but many of the principal Turks and Mahometan's flock thither for as this Ceremony is seldom to be seen so when it is they husband the opportunity This then is the Order of Consecration At Midnight after Mass is begun and the Introit is over one of the Seven Bishops who begun it leaves all the rest and goes into the Sanctuary The Second goes on with the rest of the Mass to the Second the Third suceeds who also takes his turn as to the Celebration the Fourth to the Third and so to the Seventh who after he has sung the Preface gives over the rest of the Mass and goes with the other into the Sanctuary as we shall see in the next Chapter which is encompassed with seven steps and in which is in the middle an Altar where the Mass is celebrated upon which steps stand the seven Bishops upon every step one upright in his Pontifical Habit and Mitre at which time the Canons of the Church and other Ministers of the Sanctuary there assisting having on a Linnen Surplice and a Girdle of which we spoke in the third Chapter and a woollen Ephod on their Heads call the Patriarch and when he is come to the first Bishop who stands upon the first step he reads to him a certain Period of the pontifical-Pontifical-Book placed near his Head and encouraging him to hope that God will endue him with his Grace whereby he may Govern his Church after which he breathes in his mouth saying Receive the Holy Ghost which done he takes the Mitre from his Head and the same does the second third and fourth Bishop and so to the seventh on the seventh and last step and when he is come to the seventh step seven Canons of the Cathedral bring to him the Pontifical Habit each tendring him that part of the Garment which he is to put on the first a sort of Linnen which he wears about his Shoulders the second the Surplice the third the Girdle c. adding some special words appointed to each part of the Garment when he is