the_o country_n of_o fife_n strath-eren_a argile_n cantire_n lorne_n braid-albin_n the_o sherifdome_n of_o perth_n anguis_fw-la merne_n marre_n buquhan_n murray_n loqwabry_n rosse_n suderland_n catnes_n and_o strathnaverne_a or_o the_o whole_a north_n of_o scotland_n from_o straithye_a head_n unto_o the_o frith_n of_o edinborough_n and_o dunbriton_n their_o town_n be_v banatia_n tamia_n orrea_n devana_n alata_n castra_n and_o tuesis_n who_o interpretation_n as_o very_o uncertain_a we_o let_v pass_v the_o most_o do_v place_n alata_n castra_fw-la where_fw-mi now_o be_v edinborough_n but_o who_o error_n their_o far_a different_a situation_n do_v plain_o manifest_v edinborough_n stand_v on_o this_o side_n the_o frith_n and_o alata_n castra_fw-la in_o my_o author_n much_o beyond_o among_o the_o vaco-magi_a this_o be_v the_o only_a part_n of_o britain_n which_o the_o roman_n leave_v unconquered_a by_o the_o roman_a historian_n it_o be_v otherwise_o call_v caledonia_n agric._n and_o the_o imperatore_n caledonij_n into_o who_o general_a appellation_n those_o lesser_a name_n unite_v sever_v from_o the_o province_n or_o the_o roman_a briton_n by_o the_o trench_n or_o wall_n of_o lollius_n vrbicus_n before_o mention_v who_o tract_n betwixt_o the_o frith_n of_o dunbriton_n &_o edinborough_n call_v graham_n dike_n by_o the_o scot_n be_v yet_o appear_v the_o novantae_n on_o this_o side_n the_o frith_n of_o dunbriton_n contain_v now_o galloway_n carick_n kyle_n and_o cuningham_n the_o city_n be_v leucopibia_n now_o probable_o whitherne_a in_o galloway_n &_o rerigonium_n now_o bergeny_n in_o carick_n the_o eâ—govae_n selgovae_n now_o lidesdale_n eusdale_n eskdale_n annandale_n &_o nidisdale_n name_v thus_o from_o their_o river_n fall_v into_o the_o solway_n frith_n their_o town_n be_v carbantorigum_n stand_v sometime_o where_o now_o be_v caerlaverocke_n the_o dwell_a house_n of_o the_o lord_n maxwell_n vxelum_fw-la vâ—elum_fw-la the_o place_n be_v lose_v camden_n from_o the_o name_n conjecture_v it_o to_o have_v stand_v upon_o the_o river_n euse_n in_o eusdale_n corda_n it_o stand_v sometime_o upon_o the_o lake_n call_v now_o loch-cure_n in_o nidisdale_n trimontium_n the_o damnij_n now_o câ—luydsdale_n the_o barony_n of_o renfraw_n lennox_n the_o sherifdome_n of_o sterling_n and_o ment_v their_o town_n be_v colanica_fw-la vanduara_n now_o renfraw_n coria_n not_o improbable_o where_o now_o be_v camelot_n in_o the_o country_n of_o sterling_n alauna_n lindum_n now_o linlithquo_n victoria_fw-la the_o gadeni_n now_o teifidale_a twedale_n merch_n and_o lothien_n or_o the_o part_n of_o scotland_n lie_v upon_o the_o german_a ocean_n betwixt_o the_o river_n of_o tweed_n and_o the_o frith_n of_o edinburgh_n hitherto_o scotland_n the_o otâ—lini_n otadeni_n contain_v now_o northumberland_n in_o england_n their_o town_n be_v curia_n now_o corbridge_n upon_o the_o river_n tine_n in_o northumberland_n and_o bremenium_n bremenium_n of_o antoninus_n conjecture_v now_o to_o be_v rochester_n in_o readesdale_n in_o northumberland_n the_o people_n hitherto_o inclusive_o from_o the_o novantae_n be_v in_o the_o time_n of_o dion_n call_v all_o by_o the_o general_a name_n imperatore_n of_o the_o maeatae_n they_o ib._n together_o comprehend_v the_o province_n name_v valentia_n suprá_fw-fr by_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n and_o the_o author_n of_o the_o notitia_fw-la and_o valentiana_n by_o the_o author_n of_o the_o book_n of_o the_o roman_a province_n include_v betwixt_o the_o two_o wall_n of_o lollius_n vrbicus_n and_o severus_n beforementioned_a debate_v for_o a_o long_a time_n betwixt_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o northern_a british_a nation_n and_o now_o recover_v by_o one_o side_n and_o soon_o after_o by_o the_o other_o yet_o by_o turn_n hold_v by_o the_o roman_n until_o hear_v the_o expiration_n of_o their_o empire_n xiphilinus_n here_o contradict_v ptolemy_n observe_v the_o ib._n caledonij_n and_o maeatae_n or_o northern_a briton_n not_o to_o have_v inhabit_v any_o city_n or_o wall_a town_n live_v then_o naked_a in_o tent_n neither_o do_v we_o find_v any_o mention_n hereof_o in_o those_o great_a journey_n make_v by_o julius_n agricola_n and_o the_o emperor_n severus_n into_o caledonia_n and_o the_o north_n which_o give_v suspicion_n the_o place_n hitherto_o set_v down_o by_o my_o author_n either_o not_o at_o all_o to_o have_v be_v or_o that_o they_o be_v only_o some_o scatter_a habitation_n deliver_v unto_o he_o by_o uncertain_a and_o false_a relation_n and_o name_v thus_o the_o brigantes_n the_o brigantes_n of_o tacitus_n contain_v now_o cumberland_n westmoreland_n the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n yorkshire_n and_o lancashire_n or_o the_o part_n of_o england_n lie_v north_n of_o the_o river_n of_o mersee_n and_o humber_n the_o county_n of_o northumberland_n except_v here_o more_o proper_o begin_v the_o roman_a province_n and_o the_o itinerary_n of_o antoninus_n which_o no_o where_o pass_v beyond_o the_o limit_n of_o the_o empire_n their_o town_n be_v epiacum_n now_o pap-castle_n in_o cumberland_n vinovium_n vinovia_n of_o antoninus_n the_o town_n be_v ruinate_v it_o stand_v ancient_o where_o now_o be_v binchester_n a_o small_a hamlet_n never_o unto_o bishop-aukland_a in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n caturactonium_n caturacton_n of_o antoninus_n now_o catarick_n in_o richmondshire_n calatum_n alias_o gallatum_n of_o antoninus_n where_o now_o be_v wheallep-castle_n near_o kirkbye-thore_a in_o westmoreland_n isurium_n isurium_n of_o antoninus_n now_o ald-burrow_n in_o yorkshire_n upon_o the_o river_n yeure_fw-fr olicana_n now_o inkley_n in_o the_o same_o shire_n rhigodunum_n now_o rible-ch_a in_o lancashire_n eboracum_n legio_n sexta._fw-la victrix_fw-la eboracum_n legio_n sexta._fw-la victrix_fw-la of_o antoninus_n eboracum_n severo_n a_o municipium_fw-la of_o the_o roman_n after_o aurelius_n victor_n now_o york_n camunlodunum_n camulodunum_n of_o antoninus_n the_o town_n now_o be_v not_o extant_a the_o ruin_n hereof_o yet_o appear_v upon_o a_o steep_a hill_n never_o unto_o almundbury_n and_o the_o river_n of_o calder_n in_o the_o west-riding_a of_o yorkshire_n the_o parisi_n part_n of_o the_o brigantes_n contain_v now_o the_o eastriding_a of_o yorkshire_n their_o city_n be_v petuaria_n not_o unprobable_o now_o beverley_n the_o cornavii_n now_o cheshire_n shropshire_n staffordshire_n worcestershire_n and_o warwicshire_n their_o city_n be_v mercatoris_fw-la deunana_n legio_n vigessima_fw-la victrix_n deva_n legio_n vigessima_fw-la victrix_fw-la of_o antoninus_n now_o west-ch_a and_o viroconium_n vroconium_fw-la of_o antoninus_n now_o wroxcester_n in_o shropshire_n the_o alias_o orduice_n the_o ordovices_n of_o tacitus_n now_o flintshire_n denbighshire_n caernarvonshire_n merionithshire_n and_o mountgomerieshire_n or_o north-wales_n their_o city_n be_v mediolanium_n mediolanum_n of_o antoninus_n now_o lhan-vethlin_a in_o mountgomeryshire_n and_o brannogenium_n now_o worcester_n this_o last_o town_n be_v misplace_v by_o my_o author_n belong_v unto_o the_o cornavii_n the_o demetae_n now_o carmarthenshire_n cardiganshire_n and_o pembrokeshire_n or_o west-wales_n their_o city_n be_v loventinum_fw-la probable_o newcastle_n in_o carmarthenshire_n and_o maridunum_n now_o caermarthen_n in_o the_o same_o county_n the_o silyre_n the_o silures_n of_o ptolemy_n tacitus_n &_o antoninus_n now_o herefordshire_n with_o radnorshire_n brecknockshire_n monmouthshire_n and_o glamorganshire_n or_o south-wales_n their_o city_n be_v bullaeum_fw-la now_o buelth_n in_o brecknockshire_n the_o dobuni_n the_o 60._o bodunni_n of_o dion_n now_o glocestershire_n &_o oxfordshire_n their_o city_n be_v corinnium_n corinium_n of_o antoninus_n now_o cirencester_n in_o glocestershire_n the_o catyeuchlani_n the_o catuellani_n of_o dion_n now_o buckinghamshire_n bedfordshire_n and_o hartfordshire_n their_o town_n be_v vrolanium_fw-la verolamium_n of_o tacitus_n &_o antoninus_n a_o municipium_fw-la of_o the_o 14._o roman_n after_o tacitus_n now_o verulam_n by_o s._n alban_n in_o hartfordshire_n salenae_fw-la the_o place_n be_v now_o call_v chesterfield_n &_o salndy_n stand_v in_o bedfordshire_n near_o unto_o temesford_n and_o the_o river_n ouse_n the_o mercatoris_fw-la coritavi_fw-la contain_v now_o lincolnshire_n leicestershire_n rutlandshire_n nottinghamshire_n &_o darbyshire_n the_o town_n be_v lindum_n lindum_n of_o antoninus_n now_o lincoln_n and_o rhage_n rectius_fw-la ratis_fw-la of_o antoninus_n now_o leicester_n the_o simeni_n corrupt_o for_o the_o iceni_n the_o iceni_n of_o tacitus_n now_o huntingdonshire_n cambridgeshire_n norfolk_n &_o suffolk_n their_o city_n be_v venta_n venta_n icenorum_n of_o antoninus_n the_o place_n where_o this_o stand_v be_v name_v caster_n where_o some_o ruin_n hereof_o be_v yet_o see_v near_o unto_o the_o city_n of_o norwich_n the_o trinoante_n the_o trinobantes_n of_o caesar_n now_o essex_n ct_n midlesex_n their_o city_n be_v camudolun_n camulodinum_fw-la of_o dion_n and_o antoninus_n camalodunum_n of_o pliny_n &_o camalodunum_n a_o colony_n 14._o of_o old_a roman_a soldier_n after_o tacitus_n plant_v here_o by_o p_o ostorius_n scapula_n lieutenant_n for_o the_o emperor_n claudius_n now_o maldon_n in_o essex_n the_o cantii_n cantium_n of_o caesar_n now_o kent_n their_o city_n be_v darvernum_n durovernum_n of_o antoninus_n now_o canterbury_n rutupiae_n ritupae_n the_o port_n of_o the_o briton_n after_o antoninus_n and_o ritupae_n
cirencester_n in_o glocestershire_n spinae_n now_o spene_n by_o newbury_n in_o berkshire_n betwixt_o the_o ibidem_fw-la same_o town_n by_o another_o way_n venta_n of_o the_o silures_n now_o caerwent_n in_o monmouthshire_n abon_n avington_n a_o village_n town_n upon_o the_o severne_n in_o the_o forest_n of_o deane_n in_o glocestershire_n traiectum_fw-la the_o passage_n of_o the_o severne_n near_o aust_n in_o glocestershire_n upon_o the_o other_o side_n of_o the_o river_n verlucio_n now_o werminster_n in_o wiltshire_n cunecio_n not_o unprobable_o marleborough_n in_o the_o same_o county_n in_o the_o 3_o itinerary_n ib._n portus_n dubris_n dubrae_n 9_o of_o the_o notitia_fw-la the_o station_n of_o a_o foot_n company_n of_o the_o tungricani_n now_o dover_n in_o the_o 4_o itinerary_n antonini_n portus_n lemannis_n lemannae_n galliae_fw-la of_o the_o notitia_fw-la the_o station_n of_o a_o foot_n company_n of_o the_o turnacense_v now_o limehill_n in_o kent_n a_o village_n near_o hide_n some_o of_o these_o itinerarye_n be_v exceed_o crooked_a and_o much_o about_o the_o author_n observe_v rather_o the_o more_o note_v and_o chief_a place_n than_o the_o next_o way_n betwixt_o his_o stage_n the_o britannia_fw-la book_n of_o the_o notitia_fw-la add_v which_o be_v not_o name_v by_o the_o itinerarium_fw-la the_o town_n or_o fort_n of_o othona_n the_o pancitol_n station_n of_o a_o foot_n company_n name_v the_o fortense_n the_o place_n and_o name_n be_v lose_v camden_n coniecture_v it_o to_o have_v stand_v in_o dengey_n hundred_o in_o essex_n anderida_n the_o station_n 8._o of_o a_o foot_n company_n name_v of_o the_o abulci_n now_o newenden_n in_o the_o weald_n of_o kent_n upon_o the_o river_n rother_n portus_n adurni_n the_o station_n of_o a_o foot_n company_n pancirol_n name_v of_o the_o exploratores_fw-la now_o ederington_n a_o small_a village_n upon_o the_o sea-coast_n of_o sussex_n branodunum_n the_o station_n notit_fw-la of_o a_o troop_n of_o dalmatian_a horse_n upon_o brandchester_n a_o village_n upon_o the_o sea-coast_n of_o norfolk_n near_o unto_o walsingham_n gariannonum_fw-la the_o station_n ibidem_fw-la of_o a_o troop_n of_o hâ—rse_n name_v the_o stablesiani_fw-la now_o burgh_n castle_n upon_o the_o right_a shore_n of_o the_o river_n yare_a in_o suffolk_n near_o yarmouth_n regulbium_n the_o station_n pancirol_n of_o the_o first_o cohort_n name_v of_o the_o vetasii_fw-la now_o reculver_n in_o kent_n a_o country_n town_n upon_o the_o sea-coast_n and_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n thames_n these_o 6_o with_o the_o port_n of_o ritupae_n lemannae_n &_o dubrae_n before_o mention_v lay_v in_o the_o part_n of_o the_o province_n name_v then_o littus_n saxonicum_fw-la or_o the_o saxonshore_n by_o my_o author_n continue_v now_o as_o do_v appear_v from_o hence_o along_o the_o sea-coast_n from_o sussex_n unto_o norfolk_n and_o the_o washes_n of_o lincolnshire_n command_v with_o their_o soldier_n &_o garrison_n by_o a_o come_v or_o earl_n notit_fw-la thus_o entitle_v &_o attend_v here_o the_o saxon_n from_o the_o opposite_a coast_n of_o germany_n with_o continual_a excursion_n molest_v the_o island_n praesidium_n â—b_fw-la the_o station_n of_o a_o troop_n of_o dalmatian_a horse_n now_o warwyck_n dictum_fw-la pancirol_n the_o station_n of_o a_o foot_n company_n of_o the_o nervij_n surname_v from_o hence_o the_o dictense_n probable_o where_o stand_v diganwey_n near_a aberconwey_n in_o caernarvonshire_n this_o last_o be_v likewise_o now_o entinguish_v consume_v with_o lightning_n morbium_n equites_fw-la the_o station_n of_o a_o troop_n of_o great_a horse_n probable_o moresby_n a_o village_n upon_o the_o sea-coast_n in_o cumberland_n concangij_fw-la the_o station_n notit_fw-la of_o a_o foot_n company_n named_z the_o vigiles_fw-la probable_o kendal_n in_o westmoreland_n maglova_n the_o station_n pancirol_n of_o a_o foot_n company_n name_v the_o solenses_n now_o maclen_v in_o montgomeryshire_n in_o wales_n longovicus_n the_o notit_fw-la station_n of_o a_o foot_n company_n call_v from_o hence_o the_o longovicarii_fw-la now_o the_o town_n of_o lancaster_n segedunum_n the_o constat_fw-la station_n the_o 4_o cohort_n name_v of_o the_o lergi_n now_o seghill_n in_o northumberland_n upon_o the_o sea-coast_n pons_n aelii_n the_o station_n suprà _fw-la of_o a_o cohort_n of_o the_o cornovii_fw-la pont-eland_n in_o the_o same_o country_n procolitia_n the_o notit_fw-la station_n of_o the_o first_o cohort_n of_o the_o batavi_n not_o unprobable_o prudhow_n castle_n in_o the_o same_o borcovicus_n the_o station_n of_o the_o ib._n first_o cohort_n of_o the_o tungri_n borwic_n in_o the_o same_o county_n vindolana_n the_o ib._n station_n of_o the_o 4_o cohort_n of_o the_o gaul_n old_a winchester_n or_o winchester_n in_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o same_o county_n aesica_n the_o station_n of_o the_o pancirol_n first_o cohort_n of_o the_o astures_n netherby_n a_o village_n upon_o the_o river_n eske_n in_o cumberland_n magnae_fw-la the_o station_n notitia_fw-la of_o the_o second_o cohort_n of_o the_o dalmatian_n chester_n in_o the_o wall_n near_o haltwesel_n in_o northumberland_n amboglanna_n the_o station_n poncirol_n of_o the_o first_o cohort_n name_v aelia_n of_o the_o daci_n perhaps_o now_o ambleside_n upon_o the_o lake_n winander-mere_a in_o westmoreland_n congavata_n the_o station_n of_o the_o notit_fw-la second_o cohort_n of_o the_o lergi_n upon_o the_o river_n caudebec_n in_o the_o same_o county_n axelodunum_n the_o station_n of_o the_o first_o cohort_n of_o ib._n the_o spaniard_n now_o hexham_n in_o northumberland_n gabrosentum_n the_o station_n of_o the_o second_o cohort_n ib._n of_o the_o thracian_n probable_o newcastle_n upon_o the_o tine_n in_o the_o same_o county_n tunnocelum_n the_o station_n of_o pancirol_n the_o first_o cohort_n name_v aelia_n classica_fw-la now_o tinmouth_n in_o the_o same_o county_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o tine_n virosidum_n the_o station_n of_o the_o 6_o cohort_n notitia_fw-la of_o the_o nervij_n werwick_n upon_o the_o river_n eden_n in_o cumberland_n condercum_n the_o station_n ib._n of_o the_o first_o wing_n of_o horse_n of_o the_o asturian_o now_o chester_n upon_o the_o street_n in_o the_o bishopric_n of_o durham_n hunnum_n the_o station_n pancir_n of_o a_o wing_n of_o horse_n name_v saviniana_n probable_o now_o seavensheale_n in_o northumberland_n petrianae_n the_o station_n notit_fw-la of_o a_o wing_n of_o horse_n call_v petriana_n from_o hence_o old_a perith_n in_o cumberland_n aballaba_n the_o station_n ib._n of_o a_o foot_n company_n of_o moor_n applebye_n in_o westmoreland_n olenacum_n the_o station_n of_o the_o first_o wing_n of_o horse_n ib._n name_v herculea_n now_o linstock_n castle_n in_o cumberland_n bremetenracum_n the_o station_n pancir_n of_o a_o wedge_n or_o troop_n of_o heavy_a arm_a horse_n brampton_n in_o the_o same_o shire_n those_o last_o station_n and_o their_o garrison_n with_o those_o of_o danum_n lavatres_n veterae_fw-la braboniacum_n magae_n derventio_n vindobala_n glannibanta_n and_o alion_n former_o mention_v together_o with_o the_o 6_o legion_n who_o place_n be_v omit_v by_o my_o author_n be_v all_o under_o the_o command_n of_o the_o duke_n of_o the_o not._n britain_n guard_v the_o northern_a and_o western_a limit_n against_o the_o barbarous_a people_n of_o these_o 22_o be_v place_v only_o along_o the_o wall_n ib._n of_o severus_n or_o the_o northern_a frontier_n vindobala_n glannibanta_n and_o alion_n with_o those_o which_o follow_v from_o segedunum_n man_v with_o 16_o cohort_n and_o one_o numerus_fw-la of_o foot_n and_o 4_o wing_n and_o one_o troop_n of_o horse_n and_o attend_v the_o motion_n of_o the_o pict_n &_o northern_a scot_n the_o rest_n for_o the_o most_o part_n be_v plant_v along_o the_o westerneshore_o in_o the_o part_n where_o now_o be_v cumberland_n westmoreland_n lancashire_n and_o wales_n as_o to_o keep_v in_o awe_n those_o mountainous_a region_n so_o to_o defend_v the_o province_n against_o the_o irish_a scot_n this_o be_v the_o state_n of_o britain_n during_o the_o roman_a government_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n the_o legion_n be_v draw_v out_o into_o the_o continent_n and_o the_o native_n leave_v unto_o the_o spoil_n of_o the_o barbarous_a nation_n by_o constantine_n lieutenant_n of_o the_o province_n usurp_v then_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o western_a empire_n against_o honorius_n the_o briton_n as_o in_o theodosio_n zosimus_n every_o where_o rebel_n and_o shake_v off_o the_o roman_a yoke_n follow_v by_o the_o neighbour_a gaul_n the_o roman_a magistrate_n and_o officer_n be_v every_o where_o thrust_v out_o after_o this_o notwithstanding_o and_o the_o death_n of_o the_o tyrant_n constantine_n we_o find_v the_o province_n yet_o under_o the_o roman_a subjection_n and_o the_o legion_n return_v command_v by_o victorinus_n the_o last_o roman_a governor_n in_o the_o island_n by_o honorius_n not_o long_o after_o victorinus_n the_o legion_n be_v again_o recall_v home_o for_o the_o defence_n of_o rome_n and_o italy_n invade_v by_o alaricus_n and_o the_o goth_n at_o what_o time_n the_o long_a languish_a empire_n of_o the_o roman_n after_o beda_n 11._o here_o take_v end_n about_o the_o year_n of_o christ_n 707_o
of_o northumberland_n upon_o the_o west_n with_o the_o scot_n and_o upon_o the_o east_n and_o north_n with_o the_o german_a and_o northern_a ocean_n the_o kingdom_n of_o the_o northumbrian_n after_o their_o last_o ethelred_n and_o the_o year_n 794_o become_v extinct_a or_o miserable_o languish_v through_o a_o 33_o year_n civil_a dissension_n and_o the_o invasion_n of_o the_o dane_n by_o the_o advantage_n hereof_o they_o enlarge_v their_o bound_n southwards_o as_o far_o as_o the_o river_n tweed_n get_v from_o the_o english_a the_o contain_v a_o little_a before_o their_o final_a overthrow_n by_o the_o scot_n the_o country_n now_o of_o tividale_n tweedale_n merch_n lauden_n fife_n cuningham_n merne_n anguish_n straithern_a and_o mar_v with_o other_o or_o the_o whole_a eastern_a part_n of_o the_o present_a scotland_n from_o the_o tweed_n northwards_o by_o the_o scot_n under_o their_o king_n kenneth_n after_o a_o fierce_a and_o bloody_a war_n about_o the_o year_n 830_o they_o be_v total_o 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the_o scot_n the_o scot_n etc._n the_o annal_n scot_n after_o giraldus_n cambrensis_fw-la be_v a_o colony_n of_o the_o neighbour_a irish._n orosius_n live_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n call_v the_o many_o people_n in_o his_o time_n inhabit_v ireland_n by_o the_o general_a name_n of_o the_o scot_n the_o like_a do_v beda_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o ecclesiastical_a story_n of_o the_o english_a and_o first_o chapter_n eginhartus_n in_o his_o life_n of_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o great_a name_v ireland_n a_o island_n of_o the_o scot_n isidore_z more_o plain_o make_v ireland_n and_o scotland_n only_o to_o be_v two_o different_a name_n of_o one_o and_o the_o same_o island_n distinct_a from_o britain_n gildas_n more_o to_o our_o purpose_n term_v the_o scot_n then_o inhabit_v britain_n and_o infest_v the_o native_n with_o their_o daily_a forraging_n irish_a grassatores_fw-la or_o freebooters_a that_o the_o scot_n original_o be_v irish_a beside_o these_o authority_n the_o present_a language_n habit_n and_o barbarous_a manner_n of_o the_o high-lander_n or_o western_a scot_n agree_v with_o the_o present_a irish_a do_v plain_o demonstrate_v the_o scot_n in_o ireland_n ptolemy_n and_o the_o ancient_a geographer_n mention_v not_o the_o name_n doubtless_o be_v new_a &_o affect_v upon_o some_o accident_n which_o we_o know_v not_o give_v unto_o or_o take_v up_o by_o the_o irish_a towards_o the_o wain_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n in_o that_o manner_n as_o be_v about_o the_o same_o time_n those_o of_o the_o pict_n almain_n french_a &_o sclave_n with_o other_o by_o the_o briton_n german_n &_o sarmatian_n leave_v their_o former_a old_a name_n and_o unite_n into_o these_o common_a concern_v the_o etymology_n hereof_o learned_a camden_n after_o much_o search_n profess_v himself_o to_o be_v ignorant_a porphyrius_n be_v the_o first_o of_o ancient_a author_n in_o who_o we_o find_v the_o scot_n mention_v live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n aurelian_a and_o as_o he_o be_v cite_v upon_o a_o other_o occasion_n by_o s._n hierome_n in_o his_o tract_n against_o the_o pelagian_n ad_fw-la ctesiphontem_fw-la in_o ancient_a and_o approve_a history_n we_o first_o read_v of_o they_o with_o the_o pict_n with_o who_o they_o be_v still_o join_v in_o the_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n constantius_n the_o second_o honorius_n and_o the_o first_o and_o three_o valentinian_o their_o mention_n after_o this_o be_v common_a unto_o this_o present_a the_o time_n of_o their_o first_o plantation_n in_o britain_n be_v uncertain_a in_o the_o 20_o 26_o and_o 27_o book_n of_o ammianus_n marcellinus_n we_o hear_v of_o they_o ransack_v and_o spoil_v the_o roman_a province_n but_o from_o what_o part_v my_o author_n set_v not_o down_o whether_o from_o caledonia_n and_o the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n or_o rather_o from_o ireland_n which_o be_v more_o probable_a claudian_n in_o his_o second_o book_n de_fw-fr laudibus_fw-la stiliconis_n relate_v of_o they_o attempt_v upon_o the_o continent_n hereof_o from_o ireland_n and_o stop_v and_o drive_v home_o by_o stilico_n where_o also_o he_o account_v they_o among_o the_o neighbour_a nation_n infest_v britain_n which_o make_v it_o almost_o manifest_a that_o in_o the_o begin_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o honorius_n under_o who_o stilico_n then_o serve_v they_o have_v not_o yet_o arrive_v here_o or_o set_v firm_a foot_n short_o afterward_o notwithstanding_o &_o before_o the_o intrusion_n of_o the_o saxon_n we_o find_v they_o in_o beda_n with_o the_o pict_n possess_v the_o northern_a part_n of_o britain_n invade_v from_o hence_o the_o province_n and_o the_o briton_n be_v unable_a to_o withstand_v they_o twice_o overcome_v and_o beat_v off_o by_o fresh_a roman_a supply_n send_v from_o honorius_n and_o valentinian_n the_o three_o from_o these_o proof_n we_o strong_o conjecture_v their_o first_o descent_n hither_o and_o fix_a dwelling_n to_o have_v happen_v towards_o the_o latter_a end_n of_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n the_o part_n here_o they_o first_o take_v up_o be_v the_o western_a moiety_n of_o caledonia_n former_o inhabit_v by_o the_o pict_n bound_v upon_o the_o east_n with_o this_o nation_n and_o upon_o the_o south_n with_o the_o roman_a province_n from_o the_o which_o they_o be_v divide_v by_o the_o glota_n now_o the_o frith_n of_o dunbriton_n which_o they_o hold_v without_o any_o sensible_a addition_n till_o after_o the_o time_n of_o beda_n after_o the_o year_n 794_o and_o the_o decease_n of_o king_n ethelred_n before_o mention_v through_o the_o advantage_n of_o a_o long_a civil_a dissension_n among_o the_o saxon_n of_o northumberland_n &_o of_o the_o danish_a war_n which_o together_o happen_v they_o get_v seize_v of_o the_o part_n lie_v betwixt_o the_o frith_n of_o solway_n &_o dunbriton_n belong_v ancient_o to_o the_o northumbrian_n kingdom_n of_o bernicia_n they_o contain_v by_o that_o time_n the_o present_a country_n of_o carict_a galloway_n cantire_n argile_n braid-albin_n lorn_n &_o rosse_n with_o other_o or_o the_o whole_a western_a part_n of_o the_o present_a scotland_n from_o solway_n frith_n coast_v northwards_o along_o the_o irish_a ocean_n king_n kenneth_n the_o second_o about_o the_o year_n 830_o the_o pict_n be_v subdue_v enlarge_v the_o dominion_n hereof_o and_o the_o name_n and_o account_v of_o scotland_n eastward_o unto_o the_o german_a ocean_n extend_v by_o this_o mean_n over_o the_o whole_a northern_a part_n of_o the_o island_n and_o sever_v from_o england_n by_o the_o frith_n of_o solway_n and_o the_o river_n tweed_n the_o more_o certain_a bound_n ever_o after_o betwixt_o the_o two_o kingdom_n malcolm_n the_o first_o about_o the_o year_n 946_o add_v cumberland_n and_o westmoreland_n part_n of_o england_n to_o the_o dominion_n of_o the_o scottish_a king_n by_o the_o gift_n of_o edmund_n king_n of_o england_n to_o be_v hold_v under_o the_o fief_n of_o the_o english_a monarch_n recover_v by_o henry_n the_o second_o and_o incorporate_v with_o the_o english_a crown_n their_o government_n be_v monarchical_a yet_o where_o more_o ancient_o not_o always_o the_o next_o of_o blood_n but_o the_o ripe_a in_o year_n and_o the_o most_o fit_a to_o rule_v of_o the_o kingly_a race_n succeed_v kenneth_n the_o three_o succeed_v about_o the_o year_n 976_o by_o the_o consent_n of_o the_o state_n make_v the_o kingdom_n first_o haereditary_a and_o to_o descend_v unto_o the_o next_o ofkin_n confirm_v by_o his_o son_n malcolm_n the_o second_o and_o continue_v unto_o our_o time_n their_o first_o king_n after_o the_o scottish_a historian_n be_v fergusius_n the_o son_n of_o ferchard_n a_o irish_a scot_n choose_v by_o the_o nation_n short_o after_o their_o arrival_n in_o britain_n &_o about_o the_o year_n 330_o before_o christ_n incarnation_n succeed_v unto_o by_o ferithariâ—_n mainus_n dornadilla_n nothatus_fw-la reutherus_n reutha_n thereus_n josina_n finnanus_fw-la durstus_n evenus_n the_o first_o gillus_n evenus_n the_o second_o ederus_n evenus_n the_o three_o
ocean_n &_o have_v upon_o the_o south_n lough-nesse_a from_o buquhan_n and_o loqhuabria_n and_o upon_o the_o north_n catnesse_n and_o straith-navern_a rough_a mountainous_a and_o woody_a to_o the_o west_n in_o the_o valley_n and_o towards_o the_o east_n more_o fruitful_a in_o the_o midst_n and_o towards_o the_o lake_n nesse_n arise_v the_o high_a mountain_n of_o ardmanoch_n cover_v all_o the_o year_n long_o with_o snow_n upon_o the_o north-west_n be_v assinshire_n indent_v with_o sundry_a creek_n of_o the_o western_a ocean_n chief_a place_n be_v in_o ardmanoch_n the_o castle_n lovet_n at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o nesse_n chanonry_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o rosse_n cromerty_n a_o sherifdome_n or_o place_n of_o judicature_n suderland_n suderlandia_n seat_v upon_o the_o german_a ocean_n betwixt_o catnesse_n upon_o the_o north_n and_o rosse_n upon_o the_o south_n and_o have_v strath-navern_a upon_o the_o west_n mountainous_a yield_v tolerable_a pasturage_n but_o little_a corn_n the_o chief_a place_n be_v dun-robin_n castle_n the_o seat_n sometime_o of_o the_o earl_n of_o suderland_n the_o mountain_n afford_v plenty_n of_o fine_a marble_n but_o of_o no_o use_n in_o those_o cold_a and_o northern_a region_n catnesse_n cathanesia_n have_v upon_o the_o south_n suderland_n upon_o the_o north_n and_o east_n the_o ocean_n and_o upon_o the_o west_n straith-navern_a the_o inhabitant_n live_v most_o upon_o their_o profit_n of_o cattle_n and_o fish_n get_v in_o the_o ocean_n the_o most_o note_a place_n be_v girnego_n castle_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o earl_n and_o durnock_n and_o wik_n the_o seat_n of_o the_o bishop_n of_o catnesse_n more_o to_o the_o north_n lie_v the_o promontory_n berubium_n and_o viruedrum_n of_o ptolemy_n now_o dunsbey_n or_o duncans-bay_n and_o hoia_n or_o vrdshead_n with_o howburne-head_n in_o strathnaverne_a the_o extreme_a point_n of_o the_o island_n of_o great_a britain_n towards_o the_o pole_n arctic_n and_o the_o north._n camden_n place_v these_o two_o last_o in_o strath-navern_a buchanan_n otherwise_o in_o this_o country_n straith-naverne_a navernia_n name_v thus_o from_o the_o river_n naverne_n nabeus_n of_o ptolemy_n and_o bound_v upon_o the_o south_n with_o rosse_n upon_o the_o east_n with_o suderland_n and_o catnesse_n and_o upon_o the_o west_n and_o north_n with_o the_o ocean_n cold_a hilly_a and_o less_o fruitful_a with_o catnes_n the_o extreme_a part_n of_o great_a britain_n towards_o the_o north._n here_o lie_v the_o promontory_n name_v tarvedrum_n and_o orcas_n by_o ptolemy_n now_o howburne_n head_n loqhvabria_n abria_n continue_a upon_o the_o same_o ocean_n betwixt_o rosse_n upon_o the_o north_n &_o logh-aber_n upon_o the_o south_n fruitful_a in_o corn_n and_o pasturage_n and_o pleasant_o shade_v with_o wood_n the_o most_o note_a place_n be_v innerloth_n upon_o the_o lake_n loth._n lorne_n lorna_n extend_v a_o long_a the_o same_o western_a ocean_n betwixt_o logh_n aber_n upon_o the_o north_n by_o which_o it_o be_v part_v from_o loqhuabria_n and_o knapdale_n and_o cantire_a upon_o the_o north_n fruitful_a in_o corn_n and_o divide_v by_o the_o great_a lake_n name_v leauve_n by_o the_o native_n the_o chief_a place_n be_v tarbar_n in_o logh_n kinkeran_n a_o sherifdome_n or_o juridical_a resort_n for_o this_o country_n and_o the_o more_o southern_a part_n of_o the_o western_a scottish_a land_n braid-albin_a albania_n seat_v to_o the_o east_n of_o lorn_n among_o rocky_a and_o high_a mountain_n part_n of_o the_o hill_n grampius_n of_o tacitus_n inhabit_v by_o the_o high-land-man_n or_o irish_a scot_n argile_n argathelia_n lie_v to_o the_o west_n of_o lennox_n and_o the_o lake_n lomond_n and_o bound_v upon_o the_o south_n with_o the_o sea_n or_o frith_n of_o dunbriton_n wild_a rocky_a and_o mountainous_a with_o cantire_a braid-albin_n and_o the_o neighbour_a country_n of_o the_o highlander_n the_o more_o ancient_a and_o first_o residence_n of_o the_o scot_n desbourding_n hither_o from_o ireland_n cantire_fw-la it_o be_v a_o narrow_a promontory_n or_o chersonese_n of_o some_o 30_o mile_n in_o length_n the_o promontory_n of_o the_o epidij_fw-la of_o ptolemie_n divide_v from_o argile_n by_o logh_n fin_n a_o long_a and_o spacious_a arm_n of_o the_o sea_n of_o dunbriton_n &_o join_v to_o knapdale_n &_o the_o continent_n by_o a_o small_a neck_n of_o land_n not_o exceed_v a_o mile_n in_o breadth_n the_o mul_n of_o cantire_a the_o far_a point_n of_o the_o chersonesse_n be_v distant_a only_o 13_o mile_n from_o ireland_n the_o next_o part_n of_o scotland_n and_o great_a britain_n to_o that_o island_n these_o last_o inclusive_o from_o menteith_n be_v the_o famous_a sâ—pra_fw-la caledonij_n of_o tacitus_n part_v by_o ptolemy_n into_o 13_o lesser_a name_n or_o division_n the_o epidij_fw-la cerones_n creones_n carnonacae_n carini_n cornabij_n logi_n mertae_n cantae_n texali_n vennicontes_n vacomagi_n and_o caledonij_fw-la particular_o thus_o call_v the_o only_a part_n of_o britain_n stop_v and_o give_v bound_n to_o the_o great_a conquest_n and_o victory_n of_o the_o roman_n twice_o invade_v by_o julius_n agricola_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o domitian_n and_o by_o the_o emperor_n severus_n but_o without_o any_o good_a effect_n &_o not_o without_o much_o loss_n to_o the_o roman_a side_n secure_v by_o their_o mountain_n lake_n marsh_n and_o wood_n the_o roman_a empire_n decline_v they_o be_v all_o call_v by_o the_o name_n of_o pict_n afterward_o they_o become_v divide_v betwixt_o the_o pict_n drive_v unto_o the_o eastern_a shore_n and_o the_o scot_n a_o colony_n as_o before_o of_o the_o irish_a thrust_v into_o the_o part_n towards_o ireland_n and_o the_o west_n the_o victorious_a conqueror_n not_o long_o after_o of_o the_o pict_n at_o this_o day_n they_o be_v distinguish_v into_o the_o law-land-man_n or_o the_o english_a and_o more_o civil_a scot_n inhabit_v the_o plain_a country_n along_o the_o german_a ocean_n and_o upon_o this_o side_n of_o the_o two_o frith_n &_o the_o highland-man_n or_o irish_a scot_n retain_v yet_o the_o irish_a language_n and_o manner_n and_o possess_v the_o height_n of_o the_o hill_n grampius_n braid-albin_a argile_n and_o other_o mountainous_a region_n upon_o the_o western_a and_o irish_a sea_n the_o land_n of_o great_a bretaine_n the_o land_n belong_v to_o this_o continent_n be_v all_o call_v in_o ptolemy_n by_o the_o name_n of_o the_o british_a land_n 3._o before_o the_o time_n of_o pliny_n as_o in_o his_o 4_o book_n and_o 16_o chapter_n they_o make_v with_o albion_n or_o the_o great_a britain_n the_o general_a name_n of_o the_o britain_n distinguish_v from_o the_o ancient_a &_o account_v a_o other_o world_n after_o solinus_n 16._o the_o most_o famous_a &_o great_a of_o these_o and_o after_o england_n of_o the_o land_n of_o europe_n and_o the_o west_n be_v ireland_n ireland_n recentiorum_fw-la the_o bound_n hereof_o be_v upon_o the_o east_n 2._o the_o irish_a ocean_n or_o s._n george_n his_o channel_n from_o 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then_o for_o fruit_n and_o corn_n through_o a_o wet_a quality_n of_o the_o ground_n or_o by_o the_o sloth_n of_o the_o native_n and_o for_o their_o want_n of_o manure_v encumber_v with_o bog_n lake_n marsh_n and_o with_o thick_a slutchie_n and_o undrean_v wood_n the_o first_o inhabitant_n be_v the_o irish_a for_o more_o ancient_a we_o find_v not_o distinguish_v by_o ptolemie_n into_o sundry_a lesser_a 2._o people_n and_o name_n the_o rhobognij_fw-la darnij_fw-la voluntij_fw-la vennicnij_fw-la and_o erdini_n now_o contain_v ulster_n the_o auteri_n gangani_n and_o nagnatae_n inhabit_v connaught_n the_o velibori_n vterni_fw-la vodiae_fw-la and_o coriondi_n now_o munster_n and_o the_o menapij_n cauci_n blanij_fw-la and_o brigantes_n now_o leinster_n who_o city_n be_v rhigia_n rheba_n macolicum_n dunum_n laberus_n &_o ivernis_n etc._n etc._n who_o interpretation_n we_o let_v pass_v as_o very_o uncertain_a free_a for_o a_o long_a time_n and_o not_o conquer_v by_o foreign_a power_n neglect_v by_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o succeed_a saxon_n or_o english_a engage_v in_o more_o necessary_a
read_v in_o jornandes_n de_fw-fr regn_n &_o tempo_n successione_n accompany_v the_o goth_n in_o their_o inroad_n &_o excursion_n into_o pannonia_n that_o original_o they_o be_v germane_a their_o distinction_n of_o ostrogothes_a &_o wisigothes_a signify_v in_o their_o language_n as_o now_o with_o the_o dutch_a the_o eastern_a &_o western_a goth_n &_o name_n of_o alaric_n theodoric_n reccared_n with_o other_o the_o same_z or_o alike_o terminate_v with_o the_o ancient_a french_a do_v almost_o make_v certain_a the_o name_n &_o succession_n hereof_o jornandes_n by_o nation_n a_o goth_n continue_v from_o the_o time_n before_o the_o trojan_a war_n &_o beyond_o the_o report_n of_o other_o profane_a history_n but_o who_o relation_n ground_v only_o upon_o unknown_a &_o barbarous_a author_n we_o reject_v as_o fabulous_a their_o first_o certain_a &_o express_v mention_n in_o approve_a author_n we_o find_v to_o have_v be_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n antoninus_n caracalla_n overcome_v hereby_o in_o certain_a tumultuary_a fight_n in_o his_o way_n towards_o persia_n and_o the_o east_n their_o mention_n after_o this_o be_v familiar_a and_o common_a in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n maximinus_n upon_o occasion_n of_o his_o parentage_n who_o mother_n be_v of_o this_o nation_n of_o decius_n then_o ransack_v thrace_n &_o overthrow_v in_o battle_n &_o kill_v this_o emperor_n of_o galienus_n waste_v greece_n pannonia_n pontus_n &_o asia_n of_o claudius_n the_o second_o after_o their_o 15_o year_n spoil_n of_o illyriâ—um_n and_o macedonia_n slay_v and_o overthrow_v by_o he_o with_o great_a slaughter_n of_o julianus_n accompany_v &_o aid_v he_o in_o his_o unfortunate_a war_n against_o the_o persian_n of_o valens_n with_o the_o taifali_n and_o other_o barbarian_n drive_v then_o by_o the_o huns_n from_o beyond_o the_o further_a shore_n of_o the_o river_n ister_n into_o the_o roman_a province_n afterward_o in_o fight_n overcome_v &_o slay_v by_o they_o of_o theodosius_n the_o first_o overthrow_v by_o he_o in_o sundry_a battle_n of_o honorius_n &_o arcadius_n under_o their_o king_n alaricus_n &_o radagaisus_n invade_v italy_n and_o at_o pollentia_n put_v stilico_n the_o lieutenant_n of_o honorius_n unto_o flight_n of_o honorius_n &_o theodosius_n the_o second_o then_o take_v rome_n of_o the_o same_o emperor_n under_o their_o king_n athaulphus_n upon_o a_o composition_n make_v with_o honorius_n seat_v in_o gaul_n &_o spain_n after_o this_o time_n we_o read_v of_o a_o continual_a succession_n of_o they_o in_o the_o french_a &_o spanish_a history_n and_o until_o their_o final_a overthrow_n &_o extirpation_n their_o country_n since_o their_o express_a name_n be_v dacia_n or_o the_o further_a shore_n of_o the_o river_n ister_n quart_v upon_o the_o other_o side_n pannonia_n maesia_n or_o thrace_n the_o common_a rendezvous_fw-fr of_o the_o many_o succession_n of_o barbarous_a nation_n drive_a over_o that_o river_n by_o the_o more_o fierce_a and_o barbarous_a huns_n they_o have_v thrace_n permit_v unto_o they_o to_o inhabit_v in_o by_o the_o emperor_n valens_n with_o condition_n to_o serve_v under_o the_o pay_n of_o the_o roman_n and_o to_o become_v christian_n the_o cause_n of_o their_o arrian_n infection_n wherewith_o so_o long_a time_n after_o they_o trouble_v the_o christian_a commonwealth_n unto_o which_o heresy_n that_o emperor_n be_v addict_v a_o little_a before_o their_o come_n into_o italy_n and_o the_o west_n they_o enlarge_v their_o bound_n as_o far_o as_o pannonia_n in_o the_o reign_v of_o arcadius_n and_o honorius_n deny_v their_o accustom_a pay_n of_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o treason_n of_o stilico_n protector_n and_o lieutenant_n to_o honorius_n under_o their_o king_n rhadagaisus_n and_o alaricus_n they_o draw_v into_o italy_n in_o two_o army_n the_o former_a whereof_o at_o fesulae_n be_v slay_v and_o his_o army_n discomfit_v by_o stilico_n the_o other_o by_o the_o treachery_n hereof_o permit_v to_o live_v and_o by_o injury_n provoke_v to_o the_o take_n of_o the_o city_n of_o rome_n &_o to_o the_o ruinate_n of_o the_o western_a empire_n after_o this_o their_o invasion_n we_o find_v the_o nation_n distinguish_v and_o more_o famous_o know_v by_o the_o name_n of_o ostrogothe_n and_o wisigothe_n of_o both_o which_o several_o the_o ostrogothes_a claudio_n the_o 16._o ostrogothe_n and_o wisigothe_n signify_v in_o their_o language_n the_o eastern_a and_o western_a goth_n and_o argument_n of_o their_o dutch_a descent_n mariana_n yet_o who_o i_o find_v not_o back_v by_o the_o authority_n of_o ancient_a author_n will_v have_v they_o to_o have_v be_v thus_o name_v from_o their_o more_o eastern_a and_o western_a situation_n in_o scandia_n before_o their_o come_n to_o the_o ister_n &_o roman_a confine_n paulus_n diaconus_fw-la in_o his_o addition_n to_o eutropius_n with_o better_a authority_n from_o such_o their_o position_n in_o dacia_n or_o beyond_o the_o ister_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n valens_n at_o what_o time_n under_o their_o captain_n athalaricus_n and_o fridigernus_n first_o divide_v into_o two_o plantation_n or_o company_n those_o which_o with_o fridigernus_n inhabit_v the_o more_o western_a country_n be_v from_o hence_o in_o their_o native_a language_n name_v the_o wesegothi_fw-mi or_o the_o western_a goth_n the_o other_o under_o athalaricus_n plant_v in_o the_o east_n the_o ostrogothi_fw-mi trebellius_n pollio_n notwithstanding_o long_o before_o those_o time_n name_v the_o austro-gothi_a in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n claudius_n the_o second_o but_o whether_o by_o these_o be_v understand_v the_o eastern_a or_o ostrogothe_n or_o rather_o as_o the_o latin_a word_n more_o proper_o do_v signify_v the_o southern_a goth_n we_o can_v not_o determine_v ammianus_n marcellinus_n in_o his_o 31_o book_n and_o reign_v of_o the_o emperor_n valens_n and_o gratianus_n make_v often_o mention_v of_o fritigernus_fw-la and_o the_o goth_n but_o in_o who_o we_o find_v no_o where_o the_o distinction_n of_o ostrogothes_a and_o wisigothe_n in_o ablavius_n in_o jornandes_n we_o hear_v of_o the_o wesegothae_n and_o ostrogothae_n under_o their_o king_n ostrogotha_n inhabit_v then_o in_o sâ—ythia_n upon_o the_o shore_n of_o the_o sea_n euxinus_n but_o who_o narration_n we_o have_v before_o account_v as_o fabulous_a that_o the_o goth_n have_v these_o distinction_n give_v they_o before_o their_o descent_n into_o the_o western_a roman_a province_n it_o be_v manifest_a out_o of_o the_o 2_o d_o book_n in_o eutropium_fw-la of_o the_o poet_n claudian_n live_v in_o the_o time_n of_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n where_o he_o mention_v the_o ostrogothi_a when_o as_o yet_o only_a these_o be_v in_o the_o east_n the_o just_a time_n and_o place_n in_o the_o east_n where_o these_o name_n begin_v be_v uncertain_a they_o grow_v more_o famous_a after_o the_o plantation_n of_o the_o nation_n in_o the_o province_n of_o the_o western_a roman_a empire_n the_o italian_a goth_n be_v distinguish_v in_o the_o history_n of_o those_o time_n by_o the_o name_n of_o ostrogothe_n and_o those_o of_o spain_n or_o gaul_n by_o the_o name_n of_o wisigothe_n the_o ostrogothe_n then_o to_o speak_v more_o certain_o be_v a_o remainder_n of_o the_o goth_n in_o the_o east_n after_o the_o departure_n of_o alaricus_n and_o rhadagaisus_n towards_o italy_n gaul_n and_o the_o west_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n valentinian_n the_o three_o these_o accompany_v atilas_n and_o the_o huns_n invade_v the_o western_a roman_a province_n partaker_n of_o their_o overthrow_n in_o the_o plain_n of_o chaalon_n give_v by_o the_o valiant_a aetius_n the_o wisigothe_n french_a and_o other_o barbarous_a confederate_n short_o after_o this_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o marcianus_n they_o return_v again_o to_o their_o wont_a pay_n and_o service_n of_o the_o roman_n by_o the_o leave_n of_o this_o emperor_n seat_v themselves_o in_o pannonia_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n zeno_n threaten_v war_n against_o the_o grecian_n by_o the_o policy_n and_o persuasion_n hereof_o they_o turn_v upon_o the_o heruli_n then_o possess_v italy_n the_o western_a empire_n be_v at_o that_o time_n tread_v underfoot_o by_o barbarous_a nation_n who_o after_o sundry_a battle_n have_v slay_v their_o king_n odoacer_n they_o final_o vanquish_v inhabit_v and_o take_v up_o their_o left_a room_n and_o extend_v their_o conquest_n there_o over_o italy_n rome_n illyricum_n dalmatia_n sicily_n and_o the_o neighbour_a isle_n together_o with_o the_o part_n of_o gaul_n narbonensis_n contain_v betwixt_o the_o alps_n and_o the_o river_n rhosne_n now_o call_v provence_n usurp_v upon_o the_o wisigothe_n by_o amalasiunta_n daughter_n to_o theodoricus_n than_o governor_n of_o the_o kingdom_n for_o her_o young_a son_n athanaricus_n fear_v a_o tempest_n of_o war_n from_o the_o grecian_n to_o make_v their_o better_a peace_n with_o the_o potent_a french_a nation_n their_o part_n of_o gaul_n narbonensis_n be_v surrender_v to_o theodebert_n the_o french_a king_n of_o mets_n or_o austrusia_n by_o justinian_n the_o first_o roman_z emperor_n of_o
beast_n wherewith_o it_o be_v infest_a these_o two_o together_o be_v call_v the_o pityusae_n by_o strabo_n ibid._n from_o the_o multitude_n of_o pine_n tree_n there_o grow_v about_o they_o lie_v moncolibre_fw-fr dragonera_n &_o other_o lesser_a land_n for_o the_o most_o part_n uninhabited_a and_o not_o worth_a relation_n without_n the_o straits_n cadiz_n gades_n the_o island_n be_v situate_v near_o unto_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o river_n guadalquivir_fw-fr distant_a about_o 700_o pace_n from_o the_o main_a land_n of_o andaluzia_n join_v thereunto_o with_o a_o bridge_n call_v puente_n de_fw-fr suaço_n the_o land_n be_v fruitful_a enrich_v beside_o with_o fish_v and_o make_v of_o salt_n and_o by_o mean_n of_o the_o west-indian_a traffic_n the_o bay_n thereof_o serve_v as_o a_o road_n for_o the_o fleet_n and_o ship_n pass_v betwixt_o sivilla_n and_o that_o continent_n 1._o cadiz_n be_v the_o only_a town_n gades_n of_o pliny_n and_o strabo_n &_o gadira_n of_o ptolemy_n found_v by_o the_o tyrian_n become_v afterward_o a_o famous_a municipium_fw-la of_o the_o roman_n and_o one_o of_o their_o four_o iuridicall_a resort_n for_o the_o province_n of_o baetica_n divide_v in_o the_o time_n of_o strabo_n into_o the_o old_a and_o new_a town_n the_o latter_a of_o they_o have_v be_v then_o late_o build_v by_o cornelius_n balbus_n seat_v in_o the_o western_a part_n of_o the_o island_n it_o be_v now_o a_o bishop_n see_v and_o a_o rich_a and_o note_a port_n here_o some_o of_o the_o ancient_n have_v put_v the_o pillar_n of_o hercules_n who_o opinion_n be_v reject_v by_o strabo_n in_o his_o three_o book_n who_o will_v rather_o have_v they_o to_o have_v be_v place_v at_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o straits_n either_o with_o pliny_n where_o be_v the_o hill_n calpe_n and_o abila_n or_o otherwise_o in_o two_o little_a land_n neighbour_a to_o those_o two_o hill_n the_o column_n then_o be_v wear_v away_o through_o antiquity_n and_o the_o place_n retain_v only_o the_o account_n and_o name_n hereof_o other_o land_n appertain_v to_o the_o continent_n of_o spain_n and_o situate_v without_o the_o straits_n in_o the_o main_a ocean_n be_v 5._o berlinga_n against_o portugal_n betwixt_o the_o fall_n of_o the_o river_n taio_n and_o mondego_n those_o of_o baiona_n lie_v against_o that_o town_n and_o galitia_fw-la and_o zaziga_n with_o other_o before_o the_o town_n of_o corunna_n 3._o conjecture_v by_o l._n nonius_n to_o be_v the_o cassiterides_n of_o strabo_n the_o eight_o book_n contain_v the_o present_a bound_n situation_n and_o quality_n of_o the_o country_n of_o france_n the_o inhabitant_n the_o victory_n and_o great_a renown_n of_o the_o ancient_a gaul_n and_o frenchman_n a_o description_n of_o the_o modern_a french_a manner_n their_o language_n and_o religion_n their_o bishop_n the_o revenue_n of_o the_o clergy_n the_o manner_n of_o the_o civil_a government_n the_o court_n of_o parliament_n bailliage_n and_o seneschauss_n the_o king_n his_o manner_n of_o succession_n the_o salic_a law_n the_o title_n of_o most_o christian_n king_n his_o dominion_n and_o revenue_n the_o country_n or_o great_a division_n of_o france_n france_z name_v thus_o from_o the_o victorious_a and_o renown_a nation_n of_o the_o frenchman_n it_o be_v bound_v upon_o the_o south_n with_o the_o sea_n mediterranean_n upon_o the_o west_n and_o south-west_n with_o the_o western_a or_o aquitanique_a ocean_n and_o the_o pyrenaean_a mountain_n from_o spain_n upon_o the_o north_n with_o the_o english_a channel_n &_o upon_o the_o east_n &_o north-east_n first_o with_o alps_n from_o italy_n then_o with_o a_o line_n draw_v from_o thence_o on_o the_o hither_o side_n of_o the_o rhijn_n unto_o the_o town_n of_o calis_n divide_v it_o from_o the_o low-countries_n and_o germany_n the_o great_a length_n hereof_o be_v 660_o italian_a mile_n or_o 330_o french_a the_o breadth_n 570_o the_o circumference_n or_o compass_v 2040_o of_o the_o same_o mile_n it_o be_v situate_v betwixt_o the_o 20_o and_o 38_o degree_n of_o longitude_n and_o the_o 41½_n and_o 52_o degree_n of_o northern_a latitude_n or_o betwixt_o the_o 13_o or_o middle_a parallel_n of_o the_o 5_o clime_n where_o the_o long_a day_n have_v 15_o hour_n &_o the_o 19_o or_o middle_a parallel_n of_o the_o 8_o clime_n where_o the_o same_o contain_v 16_o hour_n and_o a_o half_a the_o air_n in_o regard_n thereof_o be_v very_o temperate_a and_o please_v not_o so_o hot_a and_o scorch_a as_o spain_n before_o describe_v nor_o so_o cold_a &_o raw_a as_o be_v the_o more_o northern_a part_n the_o country_n be_v no_o less_o pleasant_a then_o fruitful_a store_v with_o all_o variety_n whether_o for_o necessity_n or_o ornament_n sport_v and_o prodigal_a nature_n can_v afford_v plain_a for_o the_o most_o part_n and_o numerous_o inhabit_v not_o encumber_v with_o so_o many_o desert_n and_o fruitless_a waste_n of_o wood_n marsh_n and_o mountain_n ordinary_a to_o neighbour_a region_n not_o undeserved_o account_v the_o garden_n and_o paradise_n of_o europe_n the_o chief_a commodity_n send_v out_o from_o hence_o be_v corn_n &_o wine_n with_o the_o former_a whereof_o the_o want_v that_o way_n of_o spain_n be_v abundant_o supply_v with_o the_o other_o those_o of_o england_n and_o more_o northern_a country_n it_o yield_v such_o plenty_n of_o salt_n as_o which_o may_v seem_v sufficient_a to_o store_v all_o europe_n a_o no_o small_a part_n of_o the_o riches_n of_o the_o kingdom_n it_o likewise_o bring_v forth_o great_a abundance_n of_o olive_n fig_n and_o other_o sort_n of_o most_o delicious_a fruit_n proper_a to_o hot_a country_n in_o the_o southern_a part_n where_o lie_n provence_n &_o languedoc_n the_o more_o ancient_a inhabitant_n be_v the_o gaul_n renown_v in_o time_n pass_v for_o their_o many_o great_a and_o famous_a victory_n atcheive_v through_o the_o world_n from_o these_o the_o warlike_a nation_n of_o the_o celtiberi_n lusitani_n and_o astures_n in_o spain_n be_v descend_v boioarijs_fw-la these_o under_o their_o captain_n segovesus_fw-la victorious_o range_v over_o all_o germany_n from_o who_o have_v spring_v the_o bohemian_n and_o bavarian_o with_o other_o people_n of_o that_o continent_n from_o whence_o most_o probable_o continue_v their_o conquest_n as_o far_o as_o scythia_n they_o there_o found_v the_o celtoscythae_fw-la these_o under_o bellovesus_n brother_n to_o segovesus_fw-la about_o the_o same_o time_n pass_v over_o the_o alps_n conquer_v the_o next_o part_n of_o italy_n unto_o they_o call_v afterward_o from_o hence_o gaul_n cisalpina_n after_o this_o by_o brennus_n they_o take_v and_o sack_v rome_n afterward_o by_o belgius_n and_o another_o brennus_n with_o unresistable_a may_v they_o ransack_v illyricum_n pannony_n greece_n &_o thrace_n from_o whence_o under_o lomnorius_n and_o lutorius_n ferry_v over_o the_o hellespont_n they_o subdue_v the_o whole_a asia_n lie_v on_o this_o side_n of_o the_o mountain_n taurus_n which_o together_o with_o the_o neighbour_a country_n of_o syria_n they_o a_o long_a time_n hold_v under_o their_o tribute_n seat_v about_o the_o river_n halys_n and_o occasion_v there_o the_o name_n of_o the_o gallogreekes_a or_o galatae_n infra_fw-la the_o first_o who_o conquer_v this_o victorious_a nation_n and_o make_v they_o subject_a to_o foreign_a law_n to_o let_v pass_v their_o private_a difference_n with_o ariovistus_n and_o the_o german_n be_v the_o roman_n as_o in_o part_n by_o former_a captain_n so_o total_o by_o c_o julius_n caesar_n immediate_o before_o his_o civil_a war_n with_o pompey_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n gratian_n come_v first_o hither_o the_o briton_n from_o the_o island_n of_o great_a bretaigne_n place_v in_o gaul_n armorique_fw-la by_o the_o tyrant_n maximus_n rebel_a against_o gratian_n from_o who_o that_o part_n have_v since_o be_v name_v bretaigne_n not_o long_o after_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n the_o burgundian_n be_v receive_v in_o intrude_a among_o the_o hedui_n &_o sequani_n then_o the_o visigot_n to_o who_o gaul_n narbonensis_n be_v allot_v short_o after_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o three_o valentian_n the_o franci_n or_o frenchman_n break_v in_o who_o the_o roman_n beat_v out_o and_o the_o other_o barbarian_n subdue_v in_o a_o short_a time_n make_v themselves_o master_n of_o the_o whole_a province_n give_v the_o name_n of_o france_n thereunto_o since_o the_o french_a conquest_n and_o monarchy_n the_o vascones_n a_o spanish_a people_n after_o pasquier_n in_o the_o time_n of_o king_n dagobert_n the_o first_o or_o as_o in_o chesne_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o guntran_n king_n of_o orleans_n break_v forth_o of_o the_o pyrenaean_a mountain_n here_o seize_v upon_o that_o part_n of_o aquitania_n which_o since_o from_o thence_o have_v be_v call_v gascoigne_n afterward_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o charles_n the_o simple_a the_o norman_n by_o force_n &_o composition_n get_v possession_n of_o the_o country_n call_v neustria_n name_v since_o from_o these_o normandy_n the_o whole_a inhabitant_n by_o mean_n of_o their_o
where_o lie_v the_o bishopricke_n of_o munster_n paderborn_n breme_n and_o hildesheim_n with_o engern_n and_o the_o earldom_n of_o ravensperg_n the_o laccobardi_n dulingâ—_n teâ—tonari_fw-la avarpi_n the_o longimani_a and_o longi-didâ—ni_a where_o now_o 〈◊〉_d in_o 〈◊〉_d the_o calucones_n the_o banochaemae_fw-la inhabit_v after_o pirckhermerus_n about_o cottowitz_n and_o dresen_fw-mi the_o batini_n corconti_n luti-buri_a the_o sidones_n now_o the_o dukedom_n of_o oppolen_n the_o cogni_n the_o visburgij_fw-la after_o pirckhermerus_n the_o part_n of_o moravia_n about_o olmuntz_n the_o nertereanes_n after_o pirckhermerus_n with_o the_o casuari_fw-la and_o danduti_n contain_v now_o the_o earldom_n of_o henneberg_n the_o country_n puchen_n and_o ronvere_n &_o the_o town_n of_o smalcald_n koberg_n egra_n and_o other_o the_o danduti_fw-la the_o tubanti_n after_o pirckhermerus_n now_o the_o country_n essfeld_n and_o the_o wood_n hartz_n the_o turiochâ—mae_fw-la the_o curiones_n contain_v after_o pirckhermerus_n with_o the_o chaetuori_fw-la &_o parmae_fw-la campi_n now_o the_o low_a austria_n where_o lie_v the_o town_n of_o krem_n znaem_n and_o niclaspurg_n the_o chaetuori_fw-la parmae_fw-la campi_n teracatriae_n and_o racatae_fw-la the_o baemi_n encompass_v with_o the_o wood_n hercynian_n contain_v then_o the_o marcomanni_n and_o inhabit_v now_o the_o country_n of_o bohemia_n in_o these_o part_n dwell_v germanâ—rum_fw-la sometime_o a_o remainder_n of_o the_o vanquish_a boij_n of_o the_o gaul_n cisalpine_a of_o italy_n after_o some_o abode_n here_o expulse_v hence_o before_o the_o time_n of_o my_o author_n by_o the_o 〈…〉_z marcomanni_n leave_v notwithstanding_o here_o their_o name_n and_o memorial_n of_o their_o dwell_n the_o people_n be_v call_v here_o bâ—mi_a by_o ptolemy_n as_o be_v their_o country_n boiemum_n by_o tacitus_n by_o 〈…〉_z paterculus_n boiohâ—mium_n and_o now_o after_o sundry_a change_n of_o inhabitant_n bohemia_n pliny_n add_v the_o vindili_n the_o vâ—ndalij_n of_o tacitus_n the_o vandâ—li_n of_o 〈◊〉_d cassiodorus_n ingaevones_n istaevones_n and_o hermiones_n with_o the_o peâ—cini_n be_v the_o five_o general_n all_o part_n or_o nation_n whereinto_o he_o distribute_v the_o whole_a country_n contain_v sundry_a lesser_a people_n the_o burgundiones_n part_n of_o the_o vindili_n after_o ph._n m._n adjoin_v to_o the_o sea_n baltique_a and_o contain_v the_o part_n of_o the_o dukedom_n of_o mecklembarg_n and_o pomeren_n where_o stand_v the_o town_n of_o rostoch_n and_o sâ—nd_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n valentiâ—ian_n the_o first_o these_o leave_v that_o their_o 〈…〉_z ancient_a habitation_n to_o the_o number_n of_o fowresoare_n thousand_o fight_a man_n descend_v to_o the_o rhijn_n and_o border_n of_o gaul_n receive_v short_o afterward_o into_o gaul_n by_o stilico_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n honorius_n give_v there_o the_o name_n unto_o the_o people_n and_o country_n of_o burgundy_n strabo_n add_v the_o 〈…〉_z who_o interpretation_n we_o find_v not_o the_o land_n belong_v to_o this_o continent_n be_v after_o ptolemy_n those_o of_o the_o saxones_n distant_a 750_o sladia_n from_o the_o moâ—â—th_n of_o the_o river_n albis_n three_o name_n alociae_fw-la lie_v about_o the_o 〈◊〉_d chersonesan_a and_o four_o call_v the_o standiae_fw-la situate_v towards_o the_o east_n of_o the_o chersonese_n of_o which_o the_o three_o lie_v next_o unto_o the_o chersonese_n be_v lesser_a land_n the_o four_o stand_v more_o easterly_a &_o more_o proper_o name_v sâ—andia_n be_v of_o very_o large_a extent_n seat_v thwart_o of_o the_o river_n vistula_n solinus_n name_v this_o last_o the_o island_n scandinavia_n the_o big_a after_o his_o account_n of_o the_o german_a land_n it_o contain_v now_o the_o kingdom_n of_o sweathlandt_n and_o norway_n with_o schonen_fw-mi and_o hallandâ—_n belong_v unto_o denmark_n by_o late_a and_o more_o exact_a discovery_n find_v to_o join_v unto_o the_o continent_n beside_o these_o mela_n make_v mention_n of_o the_o seven_o hemodes_n situate_v then_o in_o the_o bay_n codanus_n codanus_n contain_v now_o the_o island_n of_o demmarke_n lie_v in_o the_o mouth_n of_o the_o sundt_n the_o great_a and_o the_o most_o fruitful_a hereof_o he_o name_v the_o island_n codanonia_n most_o probable_o now_o zealandt_n the_o royal_a seat_n and_o residence_n of_o the_o king_n of_o denmark_n from_o whence_o most_o probable_o and_o the_o bay_n codanus_n in_o succeed_a time_n begin_v first_o and_o be_v occasion_v the_o name_n of_o the_o dane_n a_o chief_a cause_n of_o so_o great_a difference_n and_o defect_n we_o have_v find_v here_o in_o the_o interpretation_n of_o the_o many_o german_a nation_n have_v be_v the_o ancient_a rudeness_n of_o the_o country_n be_v without_o germ._n city_n or_o civil_a habitation_n by_o which_o as_o with_o more_o certain_a landmark_n remain_v to_o posterity_n they_o may_v afterward_o be_v distinguish_v and_o know_v we_o add_v the_o savagenes_n of_o the_o people_n not_o safe_o to_o be_v travail_v among_o and_o converse_v withal_o by_o stranger_n in_o danger_n still_o of_o their_o cruelty_n and_o unnatural_a sacrifice_n we_o may_v add_v again_o their_o often_o flitting_n as_o each_o nation_n have_v power_n and_o will_v to_o kill_v &_o to_o drive_v out_o a_o other_o and_o to_o remove_v into_o their_o void_a place_n these_o during_o the_o roman_a greatness_n have_v only_o the_o fortune_n not_o to_o be_v enthrall_v to_o the_o bondage_n hereof_o endanger_v once_o by_o drusus_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o caesar_n augustus_n but_o free_v by_o the_o victory_n of_o arminius_n and_o the_o death_n of_o varus_n and_o his_o legion_n 12._o neglect_v afterward_o as_o a_o people_n for_o their_o valour_n unconquerable_a or_o not_o worth_a the_o conquest_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o poverty_n or_o through_o a_o satiety_n of_o that_o empire_n &_o state_n overburden_v with_o province_n solicitous_a to_o keep_v what_o they_o have_v get_v and_o not_o overgreedy_a of_o more_o for_o this_o cause_n in_o regard_n of_o their_o restless_a and_o undaunted_a 〈◊〉_d pâ—uned_v in_o with_o most_o powerful_a garrison_n &_o army_n hereof_o consist_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n tiberiuâ—_n of_o twelve_o legion_n with_o their_o wing_n and_o aide_n whereof_o eight_o â—_o attend_v the_o shore_n of_o the_o rhijn_n and_o 4._o four_o that_o of_o the_o danow_n by_o mean_n of_o their_o continual_a alarm_n and_o schirmish_n herewith_o account_v the_o most_o warlike_a and_o best_a experience_a soldier_n that_o commonwealth_n have_v towards_o the_o wain_n of_o the_o romanâ—empire_n as_o after_o the_o same_o be_v expire_v those_o ancient_a name_n of_o inhabitant_n before_o mention_v and_o set_v down_o be_v by_o little_a and_o little_o wear_v out_o and_o quite_o extinguish_v through_o their_o fight_n and_o butchery_n among_o themselves_o their_o transmigration_n into_o foreign_a country_n their_o affection_n and_o union_n into_o new_a name_n and_o the_o flitting_n and_o invasion_n of_o the_o sarmatians_n and_o more_o eastern_a people_n the_o country_n including_z pannonia_n rhaetia_n and_o noricum_n short_o after_o confound_v in_o the_o name_n and_o account_v hereof_o become_v people_v with_o 13_o for_o the_o most_o part_n different_a name_n of_o the_o saxon_n almain_n french_a thâ—ringians_n boioarians_n hun_n lombard_n auâ—res_n hungarianâ—_n daâ—â—s_n norwegians_n sâ—ethidi_n and_o solaeve_n who_o original_a and_o whole_a fortune_n and_o of_o the_o modern_a kingdom_n and_o state_n issue_v from_o they_o we_o be_v in_o the_o next_o place_n to_o relate_v beginning_n with_o the_o saxon_n geogâ—_n the_o saxon_n among_o other_o more_o 2._o unlikely_a etymology_n some_o derive_v the_o name_n hereof_o from_o a_o short_a kind_n of_o weapon_n they_o use_v call_v in_o their_o language_n saxa_n other_o from_o the_o saci_n a_o people_n of_o asia_n remember_v by_o herodotus_n xenophon_n and_o pliny_n and_o with_o the_o getae_n daci_n and_o other_o barbarous_a nation_n remove_v into_o these_o western_a part_n other_o from_o the_o sassone_n a_o people_n in_o the_o north_n part_n of_o asia_n mention_v by_o ptolâ—mie_n which_o name_n of_o all_o the_o rest_n suit_v best_a with_o the_o present_a now_o call_v in_o their_o language_n sass_v and_o their_o country_n sassen_n or_o sachsâ—n_o i_o rather_o think_v that_o the_o name_n be_v first_o and_o ancient_a without_o any_o know_a derivation_n as_o be_v those_o other_o name_n of_o the_o dutch_a people_n before_o mention_v their_o first_o mention_n we_o find_v in_o ptolemie_n who_o live_v about_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n antoninus_n pius_n place_v as_o be_v before_o set_v down_o in_o history_n we_o first_o read_v of_o they_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o the_o emperor_n diocleâ—â—â—â—_n with_o the_o french_a infest_v then_o the_o sea-coast_n of_o gaul_n belgic_a and_o armorique_fw-la afterward_o we_o again_o hear_v of_o they_o in_o the_o reign_n of_o constantius_n and_o julianus_n by_o zosimus_n in_o his_o three_o book_n where_o he_o give_v they_o the_o chief_a place_n for_o strength_n hardiness_n and_o valour_n above_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o barbarian_n of_o those_o part_n
brabant_n otho_n and_o john_n lantgrave_v of_o hessen_n son_n to_o henry_n surname_v the_o infant_n henry_n and_o lewes_n lantgrave_v of_o hessen_n son_n to_o otho_n herman_n landgrave_n of_o hessen_n son_n to_o lewis_n lewis_n surname_v the_o mild_a landgrave_n of_o hessen_n son_n to_o herman_n he_o add_v to_o the_o house_n of_o the_o lantgrave_v the_o earldom_n of_o zigenheim_n and_o nidda_n henry_n and_o lewes_n lantgrave_v of_o hessen_n son_n to_o lewes_n the_o mild_a this_o henry_n become_v likewise_o earl_n of_o catzenelbogen_n have_v marry_v anne_n daughter_n unto_o philip_n the_o last_o earl_n william_n the_o elder_a and_o william_n surname_v the_o middle_a lantgrave_v of_o hessen_n son_n to_o lewes_n distinguish_v thus_o from_o william_n surname_v the_o young_a son_n to_o their_o uncle_n henry_n philip_n landgrave_n of_o hessen_n and_o sole_a heir_n of_o the_o house_n son_n to_o william_n surname_v the_o middle_a famous_a in_o the_o protestant_a war_n detain_v prisoner_n by_o the_o emperor_n charles_n the_o five_o free_v by_o maurice_n duke_n electour_n of_o saxony_n he_o last_o add_v to_o his_o house_n the_o earldom_n of_o catzenelbogen_a former_o adjudge_v by_o the_o emperor_n to_o the_o earl_n of_o nassau_n give_v unto_o the_o earl_n for_o composition_n six_o hundred_o thousand_o crown_n and_o the_o earldom_n of_o dietz_n reserve_v notwithstanding_o the_o title_n william_n lewes_n philip_n and_o george_n lantgrave_v of_o hessen_n son_n to_o philip._n maurice_n son_n to_o william_n and_o lewes_n of_o darmstadt_n sonto_fw-it george_n lantgrave_v of_o hessen_n at_o this_o present_a the_o boioarians_n recentiorum_fw-la to_o find_v boijs_fw-la out_o the_o original_n of_o this_o nation_n we_o be_v first_o brief_o to_o set_v down_o the_o ancient_a seat_n progress_n flitting_n &_o story_n of_o the_o boij_n from_o who_o the_o best_a author_n derive_v if_o not_o their_o descent_n yet_o their_o name_n the_o boij_n to_o let_v pass_v the_o dream_n of_o lazius_n and_o aventinus_n draw_v they_o i_o know_v not_o by_o what_o way_n from_o asia_n and_o the_o armenian_n be_v a_o people_n of_o the_o gaul_n beyond_o the_o alps_n pliny_n in_o the_o four_o book_n of_o his_o natural_a history_n and_o 19_o chapter_n make_v mention_n of_o a_o people_n of_o this_o name_n inhabit_v in_o his_o time_n part_n of_o gaul_n lugdunensis_n contain_v after_o modern_a interpreter_n the_o country_n now_o call_v burbonois_n but_o whether_o these_o be_v some_o left_a remainder_n of_o the_o first_o boij_n it_o be_v uncertain_a it_o be_v more_o probable_a that_o they_o be_v the_o remainder_n of_o the_o boij_n follow_v the_o helvetian_o in_o their_o war_n against_o caesar_n and_o the_o roman_n &_o after_o their_o overthrow_n at_o the_o request_n of_o the_o hedui_n place_v in_o their_o country_n in_o that_o great_a disbourdment_n of_o the_o gaul_n in_o the_o reign_n of_o ambigatus_n king_n of_o the_o celtae_n and_o of_o tarqvinius_n priscus_n king_n of_o rome_n these_o first_o boij_fw-la among_o other_o people_n follow_v bellovesus_n into_o italy_n seat_v themselves_o betwixt_o the_o mountain_n apennine_n and_o the_o river_n po_n where_o for_o many_o hundred_o year_n they_o continue_v famous_a for_o their_o sundry_a battle_n fight_v with_o the_o roman_n although_o most_o common_o with_o their_o loss_n in_o the_o 21._o book_n of_o livy_n and_o towards_o the_o beginning_n of_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n we_o hear_v of_o they_o rebel_a against_o and_o invade_v the_o roman_a country_n about_o mutina_n in_o the_o 32_o book_n themselves_o invade_v and_o scatter_v by_o the_o consul_n minutius_n in_o the_o 33_o book_n under_o their_o king_n corolamus_n kill_v 3_o thousand_o of_o the_o army_n of_o the_o consul_n marcellus_n subdue_v short_o after_o by_o the_o same_o consul_n and_o by_o his_o colleague_n l._n furius_n purpureo_n in_o the_o 35_o book_n slay_v in_o a_o great_a battle_n at_o mutina_n by_o l._n cornelius_n merula_n to_o the_o number_n of_o 14._o thousand_o in_o the_o 36._o book_n in_o a_o other_o great_a fight_n overcome_v and_o slay_v by_o p._n cornelius_n scipio_n nasica_n according_a to_o valerius_n antias_n his_o computation_n herein_o to_o above_o 32_o thousand_o whole_o submit_v themselves_o after_o this_o overthrow_n unto_o the_o mercy_n of_o this_o enemy_n and_o amercy_v with_o the_o loss_n of_o half_a their_o country_n after_o this_o their_o memory_n in_o italy_n languish_v and_o die_v drive_v from_o hence_o after_o strabo_n in_o his_o 5._o book_n beyond_o the_o alps_n among_o the_o taurisci_n and_o towards_o the_o danow_n but_o without_o set_v down_o the_o express_a time_n of_o their_o flit_a most_o probable_o this_o happen_v betwixt_o the_o second_o punic_a war_n about_o which_o time_n fall_v out_o these_o their_o affair_n with_o the_o roman_n and_o the_o war_n of_o the_o cimbri_n who_o in_o the_o 7._o book_n of_o the_o same_o author_n we_o read_v in_o their_o passage_n towards_o italy_n set_v upon_o the_o boij_n then_o inhabit_v the_o wood_n hercynian_n and_o to_o have_v be_v repulse_v by_o they_o from_o these_o scatter_a troop_n of_o the_o boij_n we_o find_v four_o several_a colony_n thus_o name_v to_o have_v descend_v inhabit_v within_o the_o great_a germany_n or_o the_o neighbour_a part_n thereunto_o if_o not_o rather_o all_o these_o be_v but_o one_o company_n by_o mean_n of_o their_o sundry_a misfortune_n and_o flitting_n seem_v diverse_a 1._o the_o boij_n mention_v by_o caesar_n in_o the_o first_o book_n of_o his_o commentary_n of_o the_o war_n of_o gaul_n seat_v among_o the_o norici_n and_o join_v with_o the_o helvetian_o in_o their_o war_n against_o caesar_n after_o their_o overthrow_n plant_v by_o he_o in_o the_o country_n of_o the_o hedui_n at_o the_o entreaty_n hereof_o 2._o the_o boij_n mention_v by_o strabo_n in_o his_o 5._o book_n dwell_v among_o the_o taurisci_n and_o utter_o extirpate_v by_o the_o daci_n 3._o the_o boij_n mention_v by_o strabo_n in_o his_o 7._o book_n but_o without_o name_v their_o place_n consume_v and_o root_v out_o by_o baeribista_n king_n of_o the_o getae_n who_o left_a country_n most_o likely_a be_v that_o deserta_fw-la boiorum_fw-la regio_fw-la of_o pliny_n in_o the_o 3._o book_n of_o his_o natural_a history_n 4._o and_o the_o boij_n mention_v by_o tacitus_n in_o his_o book_n de_fw-fr germanorun_n moribus_fw-la germanorum_n dwell_v beyond_o the_o wood_n hercynian_n drive_v out_o &_o succeed_v unto_o by_o the_o marcomanni_n leave_v notwithstanding_o their_o name_n unto_o their_o left_a seat_n call_v from_o hence_o by_o tacitus_n boiemum_n by_o 2._o paterculus_n boïohaemum_n and_o at_o this_o day_n bohemia_n from_o these_o last_o boij_fw-la or_o rather_o from_o the_o marcomanni_n inhabit_v their_o left_a room_n beatus_fw-la rhenanus_fw-la conjecture_v the_o name_n secundam_fw-la and_o nation_n of_o the_o boioarians_n to_o have_v descend_v from_o their_o country_n boiemum_n of_o tacitus_n name_v by_o ptolemy_n the_o baemi_n afterward_o by_o long_a corruption_n not_o unprobable_o the_o boioarij_fw-la in_o the_o wain_n of_o the_o roman_a empire_n and_o the_o general_a flitting_n of_o the_o barbarous_a nation_n remove_v more_o never_o towards_o the_o danow_n and_o the_o roman_a frontier_n among_o the_o narisci_n and_o hermunduri_n consent_v and_o join_v with_o they_o in_o their_o common_a name_n the_o first_o express_v name_n of_o the_o boioarij_fw-la we_o find_v in_o the_o reign_n of_o clovys_n the_o great_a king_n of_o the_o french_a in_o gregory_n de_fw-fr tours_n aymonius_n vrspergensis_n with_o other_o french_a and_o dutch_a author_n for_o more_o ancient_a authority_n we_o have_v not_o under_o their_o king_n adalgerio_n aid_v the_o almain_n in_o that_o their_o great_a battle_n at_o tolbiacum_n against_o the_o frenchman_n partaker_n of_o their_o overthrow_n and_o french_a subjection_n their_o seat_n then_o be_v that_o of_o the_o hermunduri_n and_o norisci_n before_o mention_v inhabit_v altogether_o beyond_o the_o danow_n and_o contain_v now_o the_o country_n call_v nortgow_n or_o the_o upper_a palatinat_n with_o voitlandt_n theodo_n son_n to_o adalgerio_n their_o first_o duke_n about_o the_o year_n 508_o and_o the_o 17._o year_n of_o anastasius_n emperor_n of_o the_o east_n pass_v over_o the_o river_n danow_n by_o the_o aid_n of_o the_o frenchman_n and_o the_o association_n of_o sundry_a other_o barbarous_a people_n take_v in_o the_o second_o rhaetia_n or_o vindilicia_n with_o part_n of_o noricum_n subdue_a and_o drive_v out_o the_o roman_n &_o extend_v by_o this_o mean_v their_o dominion_n and_o the_o dutch_a name_n and_o language_n as_o far_o as_o the_o alps_n and_o italy_n confine_v upon_o the_o south_n with_o gaul_n cisalpine_a possess_v then_o by_o the_o ostrogothe_n upon_o the_o west_n with_o the_o river_n lech_n and_o the_o almain_n upon_o the_o east_n with_o the_o river_n ens_fw-la and_o the_o avares_n and_o upon_o the_o north_n with_o the_o sorabi_n or_o the_o sclave_n inhabit_v meisen_n they_o comprehend_v now_o beside_o nortgow_n
the_o sea_n the_o city_n be_v large_a rich_a populous_a and_o of_o great_a state_n inhabit_v by_o wealthy_a merchant_n and_o industrious_a tradesman_n the_o chief_a town_n of_o zealandt_n and_o one_o of_o the_o most_o flourish_a empory_n of_o europe_n about_o a_o dutch_a mile_n from_o hence_o upon_o the_o ocean_n stand_v the_o strong_a castle_n of_o rammekens_n zvit-beverlant_a situate_v betwixt_o walcheren_n and_o brabant_n the_o only_a town_n of_o note_n be_v go_v stand_v on_o the_o north_n side_n of_o the_o island_n betwixt_o this_o and_o brabant_n lie_v a_o drown_a land_n sometime_o part_n of_o the_o island_n nort-beverlant_a lie_v betwixt_o zuyt-beverlant_a and_o schouwen_n the_o island_n be_v little_a not_o have_v any_o wall_a town_n people_v only_o with_o village_n wolfersdiick_n it_o be_v a_o little_a island_n betwixt_o nort_n and_o zuyt-beverlants_a contain_v only_o two_o borough_n or_o village_n be-oester-schelt_a lie_v betwixt_o the_o right_a channel_n of_o the_o scheldt_n and_o the_o land_n gaurede_v and_o voorn_v of_o holland_n it_o contain_v the_o land_n of_o schouwen_n duvelant_n and_o tolen_n schouwen_n seat_v towards_o the_o north-west_n &_o hollandt_n the_o chief_a of_o the_o division_n contain_v six_o dutch_a mile_n in_o circuit_n town_n here_o be_v zerick-zee_a upon_o the_o ocean_n brauwershaven_n inhabit_v by_o fisherman_n dwelant_n have_v in_o compass_n about_o four_o dutch_a mile_n and_o situate_v near_o unto_o schouwen_n betwixt_o that_o island_n and_o tholen_n name_v thus_o from_o the_o abundance_n of_o pigeon_n there_o breed_v it_o have_v no_o town_n of_o note_n contain_v only_a village_n in_o the_o year_n 1520_o the_o sea_n break_v in_o the_o whole_a be_v overwhelm_v with_o a_o deluge_n of_o water_n the_o breach_n since_o that_o time_n have_v be_v make_v up_o and_o the_o land_n recover_v tolen_n call_v thus_o from_o a_o town_n of_o that_o name_n it_o lie_v betwixt_o duvelant_n and_o the_o north-west_n point_n of_o brabant_n against_o steenbergen_n and_o bergen_n open_fw-mi zoom_n divide_v from_o that_o continent_n by_o a_o narrow_a creek_n or_o arm_n of_o the_o sea_n all_o these_o land_n together_o contain_v 8_o wall_a town_n and_o about_o 100_o borough_n or_o village_n the_o more_o ancient_a inhabitant_n be_v the_o mattiaci_n of_o tacitus_n hollandt_n hollandia_n bound_v upon_o the_o south_n with_o the_o land_n of_o zealandt_n upon_o the_o west_n and_o north_n with_o the_o german_a ocean_n upon_o the_o north-east_n with_o the_o zuyder_n zee_n and_o west-freislandt_a and_o upon_o the_o east_n with_o the_o zuyder_n zee_n utrecht_n and_o gelderlandt_n the_o country_n be_v low_a and_o fenny_a the_o western_a seacoast_n except_v which_o like_v unto_o those_o of_o flanders_n swell_v with_o a_o perpetual_a ridge_n of_o sandy_a down_n trench_v with_o innumerable_a dike_n &_o watercourse_n for_o the_o dreaning_n of_o the_o marsh_n and_o the_o more_o easy_a conveyance_n of_o merchandise_n afford_v plenty_n of_o very_a excellent_a pasturage_n milk_n butter_n cheese_n cattle_n and_o horse_n of_o extraordinary_a bigness_n but_o yield_v little_a fruit_n corn_n or_o other_o staple_n commodity_n no_o place_n notwithstanding_o be_v for_o the_o quantity_n more_o populous_a more_o full_a of_o rich_a and_o well_o govern_v town_n or_o better_o store_v with_o all_o sort_n of_o provision_n whether_o for_o necessity_n or_o ornament_n convey_v hither_o by_o sea_n from_o all_o country_n and_o nation_n by_o the_o industrious_a inhabitant_n thereof_o it_o be_v divide_v into_o the_o south_n and_o north-hollandts_a south-hollandt_a contained_a betwixt_o the_o land_n of_o zealandt_n and_o the_o middle_a channel_n of_o the_o rhijn_n continue_v from_o utrecht_n to_o leyden_n chief_a town_n be_v schoonhoven_n upon_o the_o leck_n merc._n dort_n seat_v iland-like_a among_o water_n upon_o the_o merwe_v or_o nieuwe_v maes_n break_v off_o from_o the_o continent_n by_o a_o inundation_n happen_v in_o the_o year_n 1421._o the_o town_n be_v large_a populous_a rich_a and_o well_o trade_v command_v the_o traffic_v and_o navigation_n of_o the_o maes_n &_o waell_n below_o who_o confluence_n it_o stand_v betwixt_o it_o and_o s._n gertrudenberg_n in_o brabant_n lie_v for_o a_o great_a space_n the_o drown_a land_n of_o herderwert_n munsterkirck_n dubbelmund_n and_o other_o village_n overwhelm_v by_o the_o forename_a deluge_n in_o the_o year_n 1421_o many_o of_o who_o ruin_n now_o appear_v under_o water_n rotterdam_n situate_v never_o unto_o the_o maes_n upon_o the_o rotter_n a_o dike_a or_o channel_n so_o call_v give_v the_o name_n hereunto_o a_o rich_a empory_n and_o a_o note_a port_n the_o country_n of_o the_o learned_a erasmus_n betwixt_o this_o and_o dort_n at_o a_o little_a town_n call_v krimpen_a the_o lecke_n one_o of_o the_o three_o main_a branch_n of_o the_o rhijn_n fall_v into_o the_o maes_n oudewater_n upon_o the_o ysel_n a_o dike_a draw_v from_o the_o middle_a channel_n of_o the_o rhijn_n mercat_n goude_n upon_o the_o ysel_n delf_n graven-hage_n a_o fair_a and_o populous_a open_a town_n seat_v under_o the_o down_n in_o the_o most_o healthful_a and_o open_a part_n of_o the_o country_n the_o parliament_n or_o chief_a court_n of_o justice_n for_o hollandt_n and_o the_o ordinary_a residence_n of_o the_o delegate_n or_o general_n state_n of_o the_o confederate_a province_n contain_v about_o two_o thousand_o house_n merc._n leyden_n lugdunum_n batavorum_n of_o ptolemie_n now_o a_o note_a university_n hither_o sometime_o pass_v the_o middle_a channel_n of_o the_o rhijn_n receive_v into_o the_o ocean_n not_o far_o from_o hence_o betwixt_o the_o town_n of_o catwijck_n and_o nortwijck_n since_o the_o main_a stream_n be_v divert_v another_o way_n by_o the_o leck_n continue_v hither_o by_o a_o small_a current_n stop_v here_o by_o the_o intervening_a sandy_a down_n and_o under_o another_o name_n of_o the_o vâ—iet_n turn_v into_o the_o maes_n at_o sluys_n a_o little_a village_n against_o brill_n 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especial_o since_o the_o war_n of_o the_o low_a country_n and_o the_o decay_n of_o trade_n in_o antwerp_n and_o the_o town_n subject_n to_o the_o archduchesse_n grow_v to_o that_o state_n that_o for_o beauty_n riches_n and_o all_o sort_n of_o bravery_n &_o magnificence_n it_o may_v contend_v with_o the_o best_a city_n of_o europe_n and_o for_o number_n and_o strength_n of_o ship_v do_v far_o exceed_v the_o most_o great_a and_o flourish_a empory_n of_o the_o world_n a_o no_o small_a cause_n hereof_o beside_o the_o opportunity_n of_o the_o sea_n and_o the_o reason_n allege_v have_v heen_n the_o unpleasantnes_n of_o the_o neighbour_a country_n whole_o possess_v with_o deep_a and_o ill-favoured_n marsh_n force_v the_o people_n hither_o as_o to_o a_o more_o commodious_a dwell_n and_o to_o the_o exercise_n of_o trade_n and_o negotiation_n and_o desire_v of_o see_v foreign_a better_a country_n horn_n upon_o a_o spacious_a crook_n or_o bay_n of_o the_o zuyder_n zee_n enchuysen_n at_o the_o entrance_n of_o the_o zuyder_n zee_n thwart_v of_o west-freislandt_a note_v port_n medenblick_a upon_o the_o ocean_n there_o appertain_v to_o this_o division_n the_o land_n of_o wieringen_n and_o texel_n situate_v towards_o the_o north_n betwixt_o this_o &_o the_o ocean_n the_o more_o ancient_a inhabitant_n of_o south-hollandt_a be_v part_n of_o the_o warlike_a nation_n of_o the_o batavi_n those_o of_o north-hollandt_a be_v part_n of_o the_o frisij_n minores_fw-la of_o ptolemie_n the_o whole_a contain_v some_o 33_o wall_a town_n and_o 400_o village_n stiff_a vtrecht_n vltra-iectensis_a enclose_v upon_o the_o west_n south_n and_o north_n with_o hollandt_n and_o confine_v upon_o the_o east_n with_o gelderlandt_n town_n here_o be_v cuilenborg_n upon_o the_o leck_n wijck_n de_fw-fr duersteden_n batavodurum_n of_o tacitus_n in_o his_o 5_o book_n the_o mansion_n then_o of_o the_o second_o roman_a legion_n situate_v now_o upon_o the_o middle_a channel_n of_o the_o rhijn_n at_o what_o place_n this_o divert_v into_o the_o lecke_n amersfort_n birt_n utrecht_n the_o chief_a town_n name_v thus_o from_o the_o