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ID	Title	Author	Corrected Date of Publication (TCP Date of Publication)	STC	Words	Pages
A01443	Phisicall and approved medicines, aswell in meere simples, as compound obseruations With a true and direct iudgement of the seuerall complexions of men, & how to minister both phisicke and medicine, to euery seuerall complexion. With the making of many excellent vnguents, and oyles, as also their applications, both for gargarismes & inflamations of the face, and other diseases incident to the body of man, aswell chiurugicall as phisicall. With the true vse of taking that excellent hearbe tabacco, aswell in the pipe by sume, as also in phisicke, medicine and chirurgerie.; Triall of tabacco	Gardiner, Edmund.	1611 (1611)	STC 11564.5; ESTC S114900	64,844	130

forth vnto his Countreys view Tabaccoes praise now in his brightest hue In lieu whereof the guerdon he doth craue Is but a kinde respect of him to haue For all his paines taken for your delight Is for to shew Tabaccoes vse aright Read then his worke with iudgements brightest eie And thank him kindly Thus with me replie Gardiner Adigu thy Work deserues such praise As few men giue in these our latter daies The triall of Tabacco MAny men haue many times sette foorth to the publike viewe of the world diuers books entreating specially of one subiect and those either in praise or dispraise of the matter they wrote of but yet amongst all writers or exscriptors there haue beene in my iudgement no treatises so often divulged so greatly discoursed of and presented to the eies of the world especially of late time as those that discourse of Indian Tabacco one liking another discommending and dispraising according to the seuerall whirles of their affections either in part or in whole this famous plant so that a man may not inaptly say of it as Virgill the Poet doth concerning the diuersitie of opinions for the admission of the Graecian deuised horse into the walles of Troy Scinditur incertum studia in contraria vulgus The wauering multitude as each man findes Consists of many and contrary mindes And in respect of the Writers Patrons and defendants of this rare plant on both sides I may not vnfitly vse this saying of Horace Caedimur totidem plagis consumimus hostem We by our forces are beaten if not staine We with as many stroakes waste them againe There is such hard hold and tough reasoning on both sides Now although I be Medicorum minimus yet you must remember it was said of old Scribimus indocti doctique poemata passim seeing no other to vndergoe this taske I haue boldly aduentured to vnbuckle my selfe for you know who is so bold as blinde Bayard I haue I say not being thereto commanded or compelled as the answer to the booke called Worke for the chimney Sweeper was but of my owne forwardnesse and the desire I had to satisfie the world heerein in some sort protesting as in the inferiournes of the stile may well appeare that neither vanitie of glorie nor selfe presumption being of many the most vnworthy to haue enterprised this taske nor other priuate respect then duty to my good friends that haue requested this at my hands and zeale to my louing country men hath made me to publish this booke For I saw the discourses heerein in my poore vnderstanding to be faultie defectiue and halting considering that one side too much extolled the vertue of this plant and another side as much on the contrarie abased contēned rejected it So to giue some satisfaction to both sides I haue made choice of the middle being as I take it the more secure way thou it be a very hard matter to keep right in the mid-path and to decline neither to the right nor to the left hand Iust a pari premitur veluti cum pondere libra Prona nec haec plus parte sedet nes surgit ab illa In English thus As when an euen scale with equall weight is peized Nor falles it downe this way or is it that way raised Wherefore to performe that precisely which I haue promised solemnly seeing this discourse must be sent abroad cōmitted to the hāds the eies the noses the ears the mindes the iudgements of a great nūber of all sorts I will first beginne with one that is furthest off it Monardus a Spaniard of Siuill who hath written verie largely of it in his treatise of the west Indian Simples but because he is already translated into English I wil left I should seem actum agere referre that which he hath very large to his owne volume For that which hee hath gathered is likewise sound in other Authors wherof heereafter you shall heare more when we come to discourse of the vertues of Tabacco Charles Stephen and Iohn Liebault Andrew Theuet all three Frenchmen haue writ of this plant and so hath Aegidius Eurartus Carolus Clusius likewise in his comment vpon Garcaeas Destirpibus et Aromaticis Indicis and Iohannes Baptista porta in his eight booke and eleuenth chapter of his Natural Magick doe highly commend this plant as a thing most excellent and diuine But amongst them all and from them all for his admirable knowledge in plants our owne Countrie-man Master Iohn Gerard Citizen and Chirurgion of London hath caried away the palme as best deseruing it to whome I may well apply that saying of Lucretius Qui genus humanum ingenio superauit omnes Praestrinxit stellas exortus vti aetherius sol Who from all mankinde bare for wit the prize And dimm'd the starres as when skies sunne doth rise Another likewise of our countriemen calling himself Philaretes hath lately writ a booke against Tabacco entituled Worke for Chimney-sweepers which booke another hath friendly and modestly answered In the beginning of Philaretes booke one I. H. hath made these discommendatorie verses against Tabacco Pitie it is such smoaking vanitie Is Englands most esteemed curtesie Oft haue I heard it as an old said saw The strong digesting hungry Camels maw Brookes stinging nettles and the vilest weedes That stinking dunghils in ranke plentie feedes But t' is a toy to mocke an Ape indeede That English men should loue a stranger weede To whome E. G. maketh answer Fie fume at fumigation And fret at thy owne nation It wants not approbation That drugs should worke purgation Oft times more worth in vilest weede Then in manured Garden seede It is no toy but truth indeed That one soile should another need Philaretes seemeth to inferre in his second reason and some other places of his book that by the frequent vse of Tabacco wee ought iustly to suspect and feare the same to bee a mightie drier decaier and witherer of our radical and vnctuous moisture and in respect thereof breedeth consumptions But yet it seemeth by his leaue not so much to breede hectike feuers and consumptions as appoplectike and cephalical passions because many abusers thereof haue died sodenly and wee see that the braine doth suffer from it by protopathie rather then by deuteropathy the organ whereby it is receiued being so neere a neighbour to the braine I wonder it is not discussed how it puffeth vp plumpeth some when he concludeth that it wasteth and dissipateth the vnctuous moisture substantiall nourishment by dissipation of naturall heat and decay of spirits in our bodies The same Author likewise though a man of excellent learning exact iudgement and reading seemeth to vrge too farre when in his seauenth reason against Tabacco he sticketh not to affirme that this hearb seemed to bee first found out and inuented by the diuell and first vsed and practised by the diuels priests and therefore not to bee vsed of vs Christians But I

will both answer him and the Spaniard Monardus from whome hee hath fetcht his ground at one word thus that it is certaine that the diuell did not finde it but Nature gaue it and Nature doth nothing in vaine according to that protrite axiome in Philosophy Natura nihil fecit frustrà If the diuell did finde it yet we may esteeme it as well as hidden treasures descried by spirits at the request of wicked mē But in my opinion we ought to iudge of the infinite power of Nature with more reuerence and with more acknowledgement of our owne ignorance and weakenes For that it was a plant created by God when first euen by the word of his mouth all things were framed I iudge it not amisse for any man to say and thinke and there is no scholler so meanely learned but will by reason conuince them both and read a lecture of contradiction against them vpon the progresse of Natures workes hauing his vertues and faculties infused into it from aboue whereby many finde great ease and comfort as well as by other plantes and Simples For vnlesse God himself had bene the author of it why should it be endued with such noble and excellent properties for Ni Deus affuerit viresque infuderit herbis Quid rogo dictamnus quid panacea iuvent If God helpe not and into herbes infuse A working power in vaine we medicine vse Aristotle the monarch of our moderne learning seemeth not to speake awry when he saith Multa sciri posse quae nondum scita sunt Many things may be heereafter knowne which as yet lie hidden in the deepe dungeon of obscuritie not manifested as the quadrature of the circle and the manie vertues both of this and other herbes not yet knowne to the world which hidden and secret vertues though at this present they are not reuealed to Natures interpretors yet hereafter they may so that we may rightly conclude Maximam partem eorum quae nescimus minimam partem eorum quae scimus aut scire possumus to which purpose Cardinall Cusanus hath writ a booke De docta ignorantia Wherfore I suppose none will bee so mad to imagine that such a noble plant could come by chance or bee inuented by the diuell whose excellent vertues the profoundest can scarse perfectly vnderstand By this wee may see the wonderfull workes of God how that he can make things strange great and incomprehensible and wonderfull to mans indgement Therefore it is a thing impertinent to seeke out the causes and reasons of some things as many men doe and daily goe about to doe for there are many secrets in Nature the knowledge whereof is reserued and kept to the onely creator also of many other that might bee heere alleadged but for that it is not my argument I omit it to come to the rest Philaretes my good friend saith that Tabacco is hurtfull because it is hot and drie in the third degree which Monardus saith hee and others haue affirmed to come neere to the third degree of excesse in either qualitie But it seemeth not so hot because it blistereth not nor yet exceedingly heateth and that deletery malignity which he adscribeth to it may be quintessentiall although not elementarie And with him I will not deny but that some malignitie out of question is in Tabacco yea I wil adde further that there is in it some poison also as there is in some other strong and vehement purgers but yet it may bee with cordiall and cephalical aromatikes alaied as wel as Scammony Elaterium Euphorbium Coloquintida turbith and some others Besides diuers medicines doe either retaine loose or change their force and power according to the diuers constitutions of those natures to whome they are giuen For it is a hard matter to finde any remedy that may doe absolute good without some slight touch of harme vnlesse by art it be refined Thus you see I haue beene a little bold to trump in my friend Philaretes way where I thought hee tripped esteeming him yet for no lesse then a louer of vertue and honestie as his name importeth and a man of good iudgement and learning But I will come into my path againe and acquaint you first with the diuersities of names titles giuen to this herbe and so will I passe to his vertues and properties This herbe with the Franks or frenchmen hath beene most commonly knowne by the name of Nicotiana because one Nicot a French Embassadour to the king of Portugall sent this hearb first into France and so gaue it his name Others againe that by tradition haue noted the meanes frō whence they receiued this herb haue called it Herba Reginae and Queene mother herbe for that when Monsieur Nicot had first knowledge thereof hee sent and commended it to Katherine de Medices the Queene mother of France who died before she had reeled vp her spindle and shee first caused it to bee planted in that kingdome Others there bee that do tearm it Hyoscyamus Peruuianus Henbane of Peru Herba Sancta or Sacra and Sana sancta Indorum but vpon what ground I know not vnlesse it be for the singular vertues and faculties that are found in this plant as by the same reason Lignum Indicum or Gutacum is called sanctum because it is so helpfull and restoreth to cure a great many sicknesses and griefes as the learned in Physicke doe very well finde Wee know indeed by practise that an infinite number of diseases are cured by Tabacco euen à capite ad imos vsque pedes from the crowne of the head to the verie feete so that in regard of his noble vertues it was thought necessarie that it should bee entituled with some glorious name as we also see done to others For Philon the Physitian called his Alexipharmacal medicines Deorum manus and at this day Physitians haue graced nobilitated some of their compositions with splendidous titles calling one Manus Christi another Benedicta Laxatiua Catholicon a third and some others by the strange and superstitious names of Puluis sanctus Gratia Dei Apostolicon vnguentā Paulinum and the like as Vlrichus de Hutten a Knight of Germany hath writ in his book De Morbo Gallico the 6. chap. It is also entituled Petū Lobelius Peter Pena do make it a kinde of Symphitum and other while a kinde of Hyoscyamus luteus but yet they stick somewhat at that So hauing discoursed of his seuerall names we will make a step to his description his secret and rare qualities and not forgetting by the way to tell besides of the hurt some receiue thereby with the true and right vse also And first you shall heare what Carolus Clusius saith Nicotian saith he so tearmed of the French of the Spaniards Tabacco of the Brasilians Petum hath beene long vsed of the Indians especially of the inhabitants of Hispania Noua for the curation of woundes It was brought but a few yeares since into Spaine rather for the

leaues of Tabacco at this day bee onely in vse although for want of them some doe make vse of the seeds and because they would haue them in a readinesse they thrust them thorow with a needle and thread and so haue them to drie in the shadow and afterwards at their pleasure vse them either whole or being brought into powder Because of his heat and drinesse it must needs make hot resolue mundifie a little adstringe as one may easily iudge by his vertues that hereafter follow The drie leaues of Tabacco are good to be vsed taken in a pipe set on fire and suckt into the stomacke and thrust forth againe at the nostrels against the paines of the head rheumes aches in any part of the body whencesoeuer the originall doth proceede whether from France Italie Spaine Naples India being all pockie hot countreys or from our familiar and best knowne diseases Those leaues doe palliate and ease for a time but neuer performe any cure absolutely for although they emptie the bodies of humours yet the cause of the griefe cannot be so taken away But some haue learned this principle that repletion requireth euacuation that is fulnesse craueth emptinesse and by euacuation assure themselues of health but this doth not take away so much with it this day but the next bringeth with it more as for example a Well doth neuer yeeld such store of water as when it is most drawne and emptied My selfe speake by proofe who haue cured of that infectious disease a great many diuers of which had couered or kept vnder the sicknesse by the helpe of Tabacco as they thought yet in the end haue been constrained to haue vnto such a hard knot a crabbed wedge or else had vtterly perished Fleagme in mans bodie as it is diuers so diuersly it must be altered for being by nature cold and moist it easily is conuerted into thicknesse or hard tough sliminess and in regard of his tenacious qualitie it is verie difficult to be remooued for it doth not very easily giue place either to the vertue expulsiue or yeeld to an attractiue medicine And to cause it to be pliable and yeelding there be fiue things required namely heat siccitie attenuation abstersion and cutting or diuiding which wee call incision all which properties Tabacco is furnished withall and adiudged fit to be vsed in all tough and viscous humours wherewith the bodie is ouer-charged Mercurius Britannicus in his third booke De terra Australi antehac semper incognita in the description of a certaine countrey tearmed Morouia where none but fooles dwell I suppose that it lyeth nere Portugall for that countrey is reported to abound with fooles as England is said to sauour of vanitie he wondered I say at one thing and mused aboue the rest and that not without iust cause that many of the Inhabitants there do liue neither vpon bread nor meat as other nations for the most part doe but only on the smoke of a certaine vnholesome hearbe which they taking at their mouthes forthwith againe thrust forth at their nostrels seeming as it were so many smoakie chimneys Many men stand in doubt neither can it be fully resolued whether the cockscombly Morouians learned this fashion frō the poor naked Indians or the Indians from them There be some hold opinion that certain Indians dwelling neere vnto Torrida Zona were the first inuentors and finders out of this smokie medicine that inwardly also they might turne blacke for you must imagine that their Morian-black huc pleased them wondrous well and they iudged it no reason that the inward parts should any whit differ or varie from the outward Howsoeuer it be this is certaine that when their noses are filled their purses many times are emptied and the patrimonies of many noble young Gentlemen haue been quite exhausted and haue vanished cleane away with this smoaky vapour and hath most shamefully and beastly flyen out at the masters nose But yet this may seeme verie strange yea as strange as the rich mans kitchen in Cheap-side which had no fire in it for sixteene yeeres together that whilest these lustie yonkers and tabacconists eleuate their noses on high snuffing vp the fume verie gallantly that their kitchens in the meane space haue beene key-colde They that choppe away their patrimonies for the vanishing smoake of Tabacco are scarse so wise as Glaucus who was so madde headed as that hee would needs change and giue away his armour of gold which was prised to be worth one hundred Oxen with the yron armour of Diomedes that was scarse worth nine Oxen. The famous Poet Homer maketh mention of this bartering in the sixth of his Iliades in these words 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Id est Aurea areis centenaria nouenarijs or as Alciatus hath translated it lib. 2. Praetermiss Proqúenouem centum preferro tradidit aurum He gaue away one hundred for nine and gold for yron Some vse to drink Tabacco as it is tearmed for wantonnes or rather Custom cannot forbeare it no not in the midst of their dinner or supper which kind of taking is vnholsome very dangerous if not slouenly although to take it seldom and that physically may do some good and is to be tolerated Othersome there bee that spend whole daies moneths times and yeares for the most part in Tabacco-taking not sparing to take it euen in their bed seeking by all meanes possible to hinder and peruert the course of Nature and naturall order which thing is both a great misspending of precious time and a great empairer of bodily health accelerating by these disorders their owne deaths before either Nature vrge Maladie enforce or Age require it Wherefore wee ought euer to remember that golden Aphorisme of reuerend Hippocrates Non satietas non fames non aliud quidquam bonum est quod modum excedit And againe 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Hoc est adeoque in vniuersum nimium Naturae bellum indixit A man may haue too much of his mothers blessing It was death for any magistrate or any one placed in high authority and office amongst the people of Locris to drinke any wine vnlesse for healths sake the Physitian had prescribed to the contrarie so I could wish the like lawe to our huff-snuffe Tabacconists that misspend the flowre of their youth in this smoaking vanitie Thus you see that Tabacco is a fantasticall attracter and glutton-feeder of the appetite rather taken of many for wantonnesse when they haue nothing else to doe than of any absolute or necessarie vse which is much to bee discommended but I commend the syrupe aboue this fume or smoakie medicine Surely if wee did obserue time and the golden meane so much spoken of Tabacco it selfe is no more to be disliked or reiected thā Boleti escalenti because the emperor Claudius Caesar died with eating of them whereof both Plinie in his two and twentie booke chap. 22. Cornelius Tacitus in his twelfth booke Suetonius Tranqaillus in

Sanae sanctae Indorum Absinthij Maioranae siccae ana ʒjss Caryophyllorum Ligni aloes ana ʒj Seminum foeniculi Baccarum lauri ana ʒijss with a little cotton stitched quilted or interbasted between two fine linnen clothes or silkes with laces or strings tied or sowed to it as will be fittest let it bee applyed to the region of the stomacke Or this Sacculus to be thus prepared for the coldnesse and windinesse in the stomacke and spleene Rec. Foliorum sanae sanctae Indorum Florum chamomillae ana m. j. Foliorum pulegij regalis Centaurij minoris Absinthij ana ℈ iiij Seminum Rutae Sem. Erucae Nasturtij hortensis Barbareae ana ʒjss Beat them all into grosse powder and of these make a Sacculus as before applying it to the place affected Another Sacculus which is good to resolue and mollifie fit to be vsed in a drie and schyrrous spleene Rec. Salis communis Seminis cumini parùm torrefacti anam ss Florum meliloti m. j. Fol. sanae sanctae Indorum m. j. ss Radicum ebuli ℥ j. Seminis thysselij ʒ v. Misce. Siccētur in tegula tenui include liuteo fiat Sacculus ad formā splenis qui vsus tempore acerrimo aceto in quo candentis molaris lapidis frustum extinctum sit rigetur Of these make two bagges to be applied to the spleene one after another In making of any Sacculus to bee applyed to the stomacke the powders must not exceede one ounce and a halfe for oftentimes ʒvj are sufficient This plant then as you heare by the testimonie of M Iohn Gerard Carolus Clusius and other learned men cureth winde coldnesse and stopping of the stomacke and spleene in regard that as all men by sound experience finde it consumeth moist and waterish humours in all parts of the body taking away and cleansing the superfluous sliminesse and such other like tough and congealed matter which caused loathing of meat and other oppilations so that this hearbe rightly vsed must needes disperse winde in regard of his hot qualitie stirring vp an appetite and desire to meat by reason of that milde and gentle adstriction and cleansing vertue it hath So that he which is well acquainted with the noble qualities and hath made true grounded experience concerning the right vse of this plant needs not be so sollicitous to run and gad in all haste to the good towne when his belly aketh or is griped for a pinte of maluefie a penie pot of sherie-sacke hippocras aqua vitae rosa-solis or Doctor Stephens water to heat their mawes when they are a little troubled with gripings in the bellie by meanes of winde Or yet to haue readie in their closets and studies nutmegs or ginger condite diatrion pipereon sugarcakes and jumbles manus Christi aromaticum rosatum and the like much lesse to buy plaisters or vnguents And yet we must as I haue praemonished not bee too knack-hardy in the vse of it but withall this prouiso must be caried in minde that in the imbecillitie weaknes of the stomacke we doe euer commixe withall such things as doe strengthen the liuer either because from thence the naturall spirits be diffused scattered or let run into the whole bodie or at leastwise because it is the shop of bloud And when by meanes of a verie hot liuer a colde fluxe of humours annoyeth wee must by all meanes possible refrigerate the liuer as the cause and then the stomacke will so much the more easily returne into his owne temper and nature So that in this case Tabacco is not so excellent as many suppose Lastly in the application of hot remedies to the stomacke moderate adstringents must be commixed Tabacco is giuen with good successe to such as are accustomed to swoune and are troubled with the colicke and windinesse against the dropsie the wormes in children the piles the sciatica or gowt in the hanch or hip Some will thinke it strange that it will cure panting and beating at the heart and Syncope stomachica as I haue found by practise that it hath remedied these griefes and yet others I haue knowne that found so little ease thereby that euen by comming into the place where the fume is receiued they will bee ready to faint and fall into a swoune or vtter failing of strength Well then for resolution hereof we must moreouer consider and adde to my former discourse that by the particular nature of each singular indiuiduall vnder the species of man is manifestly to bee discerned the incertainty of the accidents yea and in some sort of the humane senses also for who would not wonder that Demophon one of the Squires that was Caruer to Alexander the Great how that contrarie to the nature of all other men hee would grow hot and warm in the shadow and would shake quiuer for cold in the sun And Andron the Argiue would trauel thorowout the most dry barren sandy places of the desarts of Lybia and Afrike without enduring of any thirstinesse Others there haue beene who onely by seeing yea and by smelling of Coleworts onions or garlicke haue fallen into a swoune and some againe by the onely fume and smell of Tabacco And Matthiolus that learned Physician in his Commentaries vpon Dioscorides doth assure vs that he himselfe knew a man in whom this was natural And albeit it be most certaine that the hemlock be a most strong poison and that the noble Socrates was poysoned therewith in the citie of Athens yot doth Galen assure vs in the third booke De Simpl. med fac that there was an old woman in that same towne which did feed liue vpon the same hearbe And I my selfe know many country-people that wil not stick to giue the posset-drink thereof without any curious respect of quantitie to any their friends that are vexed with hot or burning feuers What flower is more pleasant and odoriferous than the Rose and yet Auratus Lusitanus telleth vs how he knew a man who by the onely sight of a Rose would fall into a swoune and of this nature also as I am credibly informed by men of no small reputation and grauitie was the late Lady Henneage yea her skinne as some say would blister if any part of her body had been lightly touched with a Rose either damaske red or white Some there be that doe not loue flesh others cannot away with fish and another whom I was well acquainted with dwelling at Ashdon in Essex could neuer abide the taste either of fish or flesh Some doe abhorre cheese and there bee some men to whom fruit is so hatefull that if they doe but see any to eat thereof they will bee enforced to fall a vomiting Some againe haue an excellent quicke and sharpe sight in the night and in the darke as had Tiberius Caesar and Ieronimus Cardanus and they can see but very little and badly in the day Others bee that will swallow glasse mettall wooll bricks and other such like things and

most part vpon filthy and loathsome poysonous Spiders as also of grashoppers pissemires lyzards and night-bats and an ougly toade was solde for sixe crownes in a time that al such meats were scarse amongst them which they boyle roste bake and dresse with diuers kinds of sawces Albertus Magnus mentioneth a maid who accustomed her stomacke to liue onely vpon spiders I should iudge that Tabacco were good for these kinde of people But yet this seemeth more strange that some of these people haue been found among these nations to whome our vsuall flesh and other meats were mortall and venemous Great is the force of custome Hunts-men will watch all night in the snow and endure to be scortched on the hils Fencers brused with sand-bagges or cudgels and doe not so much as groane Aristotle speaketh of one Andron the Argine that he would trauel all ouer the scorching sands of Lybia without drinking which is impossible for any other to doe In like maner may we say of our Tabacco for as vse is the most effectuall master of all things so we see that Tabacco breedeth such passions in some as though they had receiued some strong poyson yet others that are poisoned do find it to be a good preseruatiue against poison In som it causeth fainting swouning with another vtter deiection of the strength with others againe it worketh a contrarie effect I may say it is like wine For many other ouer-shoot thēselues with fuming wines yet the liquor may be all one and yet not worke the same effect in all for some sigh others smile some are dum and silent others attentiue and full of words some embrace others fight some sleep others sing according to the diuers humors of their bodies and instincts of nature So the fuming vapor of tabacco will cause some to be drunke to haue a reeling giddinesse in their heads others again on the contrary say that it expelleth drunkennesse all swimmings in the brain In some tabacco causeth vomiting in others again that I haue known it performeth the contrary effect by strengthening the stomacke staying vomiting causing a good appetite Some if they take Tabacco much are transported with rage and choler so that you shall see heare inflammation fiery rednes of the face vnwonted othes chasing vnquietnesse and rash precipitation Ora tument ira nigrescunt sangainevena Lumina Gorgonco aeuiùs igne micant In English thus The face through anger swels the veines grow blacke with blood The eyes more fiercely shine than Gorgons fierie mood Yea in some great Tabacconists you shall see them staringly wilde their face troubled their voyce frightfull and distempered They foame at the mouth they startle and quake rage and ruffle and wordes escape them that they afterwards repent But in others againe it causeth a pleasant humour and cleane contrarie vsages humours and passions Tabacconists and Tabacco-companie keepers haue in my opinion but slightly harpt vpon this string no more than they haue vpon others of the like or greater consequence so that by their varietie of conceits and instabilitie of their humours and opinions they do as it were lead vs closely by the hand to this resolution of their irresolution Some there are also who to speak like a Chymist doe destill oyle of Tabacco per descensum which oyle these authors agreeing with the Paracelsians preferre before all other applications eithers of leaues ioyce or powder because the quintessences quintessence is no other thing but a qualitie wherof we cannot with our reason find out the cause and extractions drawne out of the simples are the subtile spirit and haue the purest vertue and facultie of the substance from the which they are drawne This oyle is much commended against the tooth-ache the coughs and the rawnesse or coldnesse of the stomack and the disease called the Mare Many of the Africans are tormented with the tooth-ache which as some thinke they are the more subiect vnto because immediatly after hot pottage they drinke colde water as Iohn Leo in his first booke saith In Africa likewise those which are of a sanguine complexion are greatly troubled with the cough because that in the Spring time they sit too much vpon the ground And vpon Fridaies I had no small sport and recreation saith the same Iohannes Leo to goe and see them For vpon this day the people flocke to Church in great numbers to heare their Mahumetan sermons Now if any one in the sermon fals a coughing or a neezing all the whole multitude will doe the same for companie and so they make such a noise that they neuer leaue till the sermon be quite done so that a man shall reape but little knowedge at any of their sermons I should thinke it good ●that these kinde of people would take either the fume powder or destilled oyle of Tabacco for their vntimely and vnreasonable coughing and neezing and since they are so much subiect to the tooth-ache as I saide before there is no man but will deeme it farre better for them than for vs who are vexed with none of these maladies and yet take it excessiuely The powder of Tabacco is an excellent dentifrice or cleanser of fowle and rustie teeth making them to looke verie white by scowring away all that sordes clammie stinking matter that sticketh vnto them There be nations who indeuour to make their teeth as blacke as jeate and scorne to haue them white and in other places they die them redde and these sorts of people neede not any Tabacco for this intent For stinking and rotten gums in the disease called the scorbie and in sore mouthes there is nothing better than Nicotiana being taken in a gargarisme which is published by Iulius Palmarius and it is also set forth not many years since by Maister Banister in a booke which he calleth his Antidotarie Chirurgicall Rec. Hordei integri p. ij Sanae sanctae Indorum Morsus gallinae Eupatorij Plantaginis Rosarum rubrarum ana m. j. Boyle all these together in aquae lib. iiij till the one part be consumed then adde thereto Mellis rosacei Serapij rosarum siccarum ana ℥ iij. Aluminis vsti Calchanti vsti ana ℥ ss Boyle all these with a walme or two and so let it coole and then keepe it to your vse Because I haue made mention of a strange disease called in English the Mare of the Grecians Ephialtes and of the Latines Incubus which as I said the extracted oyle of Tabacco cureth I will declare briefely what is meant thereby Ephialtes then or the Mare so called of Physicians is a disease of the stomack concerning which read Paulus Aegineta lib. 3. cap. 16. Many which are taken with this disease imagine that a man of monstrous stature sitteth on them which with his hand violently stoppeth their mouth that they can by no meanes crie out and they striue with their arms and hands to driue him away but all in vaine Some ledde with