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A90893 Christ and Moses excellency, or Sion and Sinai's glory. Being a triplex treatise, distinguishing and explaining the two covenants or the gospel and law: and directing to the right understanding applying, and finding of the informing and assuring promises, that belong to both Covenants. By Vavasor Povvell, preacher of the Gospel in Wales. Powell, Vavasor, 1617-1670. 1650 (1650) Wing P3080; Thomason E1259_1; ESTC R208890 156,531 581

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ungodlinesse worldly and wicked lusts (u) Rom 6.1 14 15. What shall we continue in sinne that grace may abound God forbid He that sinnes against the grace and Gospell of Christ declares hee hath no grace yea such a one makes himselfe tenne times more gracelesse then if hee had never heard the Gospel Ob. But there be many that say your preaching of free grace doth give liberty and many take liberty thereby to sin A. 1. The preaching of free grace doth not give liberty to sin for then Christs preaching and his Apostles preaching did give liberty to sinne For none ever preached grace so (w) Lu. 4.22 Mat. 9.13 Lu. 15.1 2 and 1 Cor. 15.3 Ubi pater familias est largus ibi dispensator non debet esse avarus freely to sinfull men as they did And shall the Master be so free-hearted and full-handed and the servant nigard of what is not his owne but his Masters 2. Suppose some doe abuse the grace and Gospel of God must not therefore this Grace and Gospel be preached Was the Manna to bee withheld from the many thousands of Israel that wanted it because some scornfull men (x) Num. 11.6 slighted it or because some unbeleeving men abused it Shall water be kept from the thirsty because mad men drowne themselves therein or shall wine be denied to the sad and sorrowfull because it makes some unsober The Gospel is and must be Though accidentally the (y) 2 Cor. 2.16 savor of death to some as well as the savour of life to others As a sick man whose stomach is weake and ill when he hath eaten meat becomes ficker so a sinfull man when hee hath heard the Gospel may become more sinfull yet as the cause of the sick mans ilnesse was not the meat but for want of stomach and strength to digest it so for want of faith to beleeve and power to obey the Gospel men become worse by it 3. Consider this that there were in the Apostles dayes many wanton loose carnall and ungodly Professors that did (z) Jud. v. 4. turne the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ into lasciviousnesse and thereby did cause the true wayes and servants of God to be evill spoken of So there may be and doubtlesse are many in these dayes that tread in the steps of those ungodly men as the Spirit (a) Rev. 2.14 speakes of some who held the doctrine of Balaam many hundreds of years after Balaams death yet the Churches and Saints of Christ doe utterly hate and abhorre the vile and wicked practices of such men and they refuse to have any fellowship with such that they may bee ashamed and doubtlesse shame sorrow (b) Rom. 3.8 2 Pet. 2.3 and damnation will befall such men as make Gods grace a stirrup for to help them up into the saddle of sin Ob. But it is no wonder that these men doe abuse the grace of God seeing there is a generall tolleration granted them A. The Churches and Saints of Christ doe not hold nor grant a Generall Tolleration witnesse the severall books which are (c) As Mr. Tho. Goodwins Sermon before the Parl. called The Interest c. So M. Borroughs heart division Also many others extant This is therefore the opinion of the Churches that though they are tender in censuring and judging such as differ from them in matters of Discipline and Government or other Circumstantialls Yet they doe not nor cannot approve of or maintaine either the principles or practices of Hereticks nor of Schismaticks truly so called Much lesse can they joyne with such men for they deny them fellowship yea such as deny the head Christ and walk ungodlily they excommunicate and cast out of the Churches according to the (d) Tit. 3.10 1 Tim. 1.19 20. 1 Cor. 5.5 Mat. 10.16 17. The Churches of Saints called Independents are neither for toleration of heresie nor any grosse iniquity Scripture and then leave them to the Civill Magistrate And what can or would Presbyterians doe more unlesse they would have the power of the Magistrate into their hands Therefore let them not father that falshood upon Independents so called that they are for a Tolleration of all Sects and Opinions whereas they plead onely for such as are truely consciencious not at all for those that are carnal and corrupt Objection But yet these Freegratians or those that preach Free-grace doe altogether neglect the Law in their preaching nay they doe utterly reject and destroy the Law and this is the cause why so many doe run into errours and wickednesse in these dayes A. As it was in the dayes of Christ and his Apostles so is it now for then they (e) Mat 5.17 thought especially the Pharisees that Christ did intend to destroy the Law So they said of Stephen that he (f) Act. 6.13 spake blasphemous words against the Law Also of Paul that he (g) Act. 18 13 taught men to worship contrary to the Law and that he taught (h) Act. 21.28 against the Law Wherefore having in some measure cleared the Gospel and Covenant of works being the first part of this Book I now come to vindicate and cleare the Law or the Covenant of works which is the second part of the Booke The second Part of this Treatise Wherein Most of the materiall Questions concerning the LAW are briefly handled and cleared Question HOW is the word Law to bee understood and in what sence is it taken in the Scriptures Answer 1 It is taken for the whole Word and revealed Will of God As Psal 19.7 The Law of God is perfect converting the soule so Jam. 1.25 Whosoever looketh into the perfect Law of Liberty c. here and in (a) See more Psal 37.31 and 119.1 70. Pro. 6.23 28.9 severall other places by the Law is meant the Word of God in generall Then 2 By the Law sometimes is meant all the bookes of the Old Testament as John 10.34 Is it not written in your Law I said ye are gods so John 15.25 This saith Christ is come to passe that the word might be fulfilled which is written in their Law 3 The Law is taken also more restrictively for the five bookes of Moses as Mat. 11.13 Iohn 1 45. and 12.34 Gal. 3.21 and so comprehending the Ceremonial and Judiciall Lawes as well as the Morall Law see 1 Cor. 9.18 Gal. 5.3 Ex. 21.1 4 By the Law is meant the Morall Law called in Scripture the Tenne Words or usually by us the * Deu. 4.14 10.4 Ten Commondements or Decalogue and in this sense it may be applyed either to the (b) Rom. 3.21 Gal. 3.10 11 12 Deut 33.4 Joh. 1.17 whole Ten Commandements or to (c) Rom 13.8 one Table or to (d) Rom 7.7 one particular Commandement thereof Quest How many Lawes did God give unto men Answ Three the Naturall Law or the Law of Nature the Mosaicall Law or the Law of Moses and the Evangelicall Law
CHRIST and MOSES Excellency OR Sion and Sinai's Glory BEING A Triplex Treatise distinguishing and explaining the TWO COVENANTS or the Gospel and Law AND Directing to the right understanding applying and finding of the Informing and Assuring Promises that belong to both Covenants By VAVASOR POVVELL Preacher of the Gospel in Wales Joh. 1.17 The Law was given by Moses but Grace and Truth came by Jesus Christ Gal. 3.21 Is the Law then against the Promises of God God forbid LONDON Printed by R. I. for Hannah Allen at the Crown in Popes head-Alley 1650. To the courteous and Christian READER Reader THis little Book is divided into three parts and it treats orderly of three things to wit of the Covenant of grace of the Covenant of works and of the promises belonging to both In the two first parts is handled most or all of the materiall Questions about the Gospel and Law also the Intent extent and efficacie of the death of Christ together with the Scriptures that declare the same and the Objections that are made about the universality thereof In the last Part are several things concerning the dividing understanding and applying of the Promises with an easie and speedy way how to finde all or most promises in the Bible alphabetically Though there be severall books extant some upon the Gospel and Law and others particularly upon the Promises yet I hope I may truly and without ostentation affirm that this hath the sum of most of them somwhat more then any of them especially concerning the Promises about which I have taken no smal paines where besides sever all other things there are a See pag. 260. c. forty five Rules gathered out of the Scriptures for to give light therein also the promises made to b See pag. 269. Christ personally by themselves in severall particulars and the promises made to the c As pag. 271 c. Jews whilst they were formerly a Church Likewise the promises that concern the d As Pag. 275. c. Jewes hereaster when they are called and converted and these under distinct and severall heads The third Part of this book to wit that upon the Promises may serve for a double use First as a small Concordance where you may find proofes especially those of the nature of promises for most material points in Scripture Secondly this may serve for to help you to find Promises for any thing you desire and which is to be found in the Scripture and that instantly without looking in the Table to the book for that reaches no further then the promises As for example to find Promises of faith See the word Faith in the margin of pag. 331. so of any other word Object But it may bee you will say There were severall Books extant before that did direct us to find the Promises Answ It is very true that other and far more able men then my selfe have done exceeding well herein yet to use the expression of one of them That a child upon a Gyants shoulders can see further then the Gyant So I having the help of their labours herein and of other bookes but especially by a frequent thorow and diligent search of Gods Book I have by the Lords light and Spirit seen and set down without vaine-glory be it mentioned more Promises by severall scores according to comparison and computation and in a more distinct and easie way to finde then others have to my understanding done before me Observe but these few Rules and I will leave thee to tryall 1 I doe divide the Promises into two ranks or sorts to wit informing and assuring Promises and the difference I make between them is this that the informing Promises which are upon the left side of the page doe not speake directly and patly but by way of information but the Assuring Promises speak directs and those are the chiefest Promises As for instance in the word pardon pag. 404. in the Informing Promises in Nth. 9.17 God is said to be ready to pardon But in the Assuring Promises in Jer. 33.8 God saith I will pardon all their iniquities 2Vnderstand that there are not Informing and Assuring promises under every word As for example in the word glory there are no Assuring or direct Promises So in the word finde there are no Informing Promises 3 There are severall things or heads under one word As for example under the word receive there are six distinct things so under the word save 4 Where you finde but few Promises or sometimes but one Promise under a word know that there is no more in the Bible belonging to that word as in the word Peace-makers 5 Note that severall words are of the same signification and if you find not many or several Promises in one word turn and see in another as in the word Assurance See there is know faith beleeve confident 6 Observe that sometime words that give light or testimony to a oint though they doe not sound like P●mises yet they are set downe as Promiss As in the word kindnesse 7 Search for the Promises here and then read them in Gods owne Book and labour to get the Promises especially the chiefe ones and those that are of spirituall and speciall concernment by heart Loving Reader having held thee thus long in the Porch I invite thee into the house but I am sorry that this book is so big and I fear deare but not dearer by any Merchandize I have made of it but it s not so dear to thee as to me it having cost me many nights study because I would not neglect for the Printing of a thousand Books the preaching of one Sermon I intended this onely for a private yet worthy Gentleman who by many severall motions and courtesies put me on I wish him and thee as much good in reading as I had in stuching and writing it And this shall be the prayer of one of the Lords meanest Saints and in him thy servant for thy soules good V. Powell An Alphabeticall Table of the Principall things in the precedent Discourse A ABraham A High Father Pag. 38. The Spirituall Seed of Abraham who ibid. Christ the Seed of Abraham p. 39. The things promised to Abraham what ibid. Abrahams carnall Seed who p. 40. Who his spirituall ibid. The difference betwixt them ibid. Actions The end of Gods actions what p. 12. God not accomptable to men for his actions p. 14. Adam not saved by works p. 3. Adams sinne gave vent to Gods grace P. 4. Adam saved before he sin'd ibid. p. 8. Adam had a power to keep the Law p. 16. The Commandment given to Adam not hard p. 17. Adam a spiritual man ib. His Sin brought death pag. 18. All. The various acceptions of that word p. 121. Arke A Type of Christ p. 32. B BAptisme not necessary to Salvation Pag. 49. In stead of Circumcision p. 51. Believers Nothing charged upon them p. 29. Their unbelief can't frustrate Gods
in Ps 94.5 breake him in pieces Ob. Yet for all this the Covenant of grace may be broken if not on Gods part yet on mans part for it is said plainely that the Israelites brake the everlasting Covenant Esa 24.6 A. By the Covenant here is meant the (e) 2 King 18.12 Law or ten Commandements which the Israelites brake as it is in the (f) Heb. 8.9 Hebrewes They continued not in my Covenant and I regarded them not saith the Lord. Ob. But did not the Lord make this Covenant with the people of the Jewes and yet for their unbeleefe they are cast out and broken of these sixteene hundred yeares A. You are to consider the Jewes (g) Rom. .2 28 29. Gal. 2.15 with Rev. 2.9 two wayes either carnall and spirituall or Jewes onely by name nature and profession or else Jewes indeed viz. the faithfull and sincere hearted people of God or for the elect Jews that are yet to be called As for the first sort of them God did never make the Covenant of grace with them neither were they ever in or under the saving part and promises thereof And as for the faithfull he never brake promise with them and for the elect Jewes that are yet to be called God will remember the Covenant made with their Fathers and will (h) Esa 59.20 Ro. 11 27 28. performe it unto them their children Ob. But how could those carnall Jewes be cast out of the Covenant if they were never in A. It s usuall in Scripture language to speake of persons not as indeed they are but as they seem to be as in Exod. 32.33 God threatens to blot their names out of the booke of life whereas indeed they were (i) Rev. 20.15 never in the booke of life unlesse by the booke of life you understand the (k) Ps 69 2● booke of naturall life or of the (l) Deu. 29.20 life of communion with the people of God as that Scripture is to be understood but they were rather written in the (m) Jer. 17.13 Earth then in Heaven So (n) Joh. 15.2 branches are said to be in Christ when they are not really but (o) v. 6. seemingly so In this sense those carnall Jewes and carnall beleevers may be said to bee in Covenant with God and in no other sense for were they really and indeed in Covenant with him they could never bee cast out nor the Covenant broken with them For the whole word of God is very (p) Ps 9 3 5. 19.7 111.7 sure and all his promises very (q) 2 Cor. 1.20 certaine grounded upon the (r) 2 Tim. 1.19 unchangeable purpose and (s) Heb. 6.17 counsel of God so that he being altogether wise (t) Joh. 21.17 knowes how to performe and (u) Gen. 17.1 Isa 43 13. al-sufficient is able to performe (w) 1 Thes 5.24 faithfull and must performe (x) ps 145.8 gracious and mercifull and therefore will and cannot chuse but performe Nay since God hath never (y) 1 kin 8.56 Iosh 21.45 and 23.14 failed nor brok promise surely he will not do it Fiftly It is a peaceable Covenant or a (a) Is 54.10 Eze. 37.26 Covenant of peace for when God enters into this Covenant with men it is a signe hee is at (b) Ez. 16 60 61 62 63. peace with them and pacified towards them (c) Eph. 2.13 14. through Jesus Christ Also then the Lord (d) Is 57.19 speakes peace to their soules and (e) Is 33.17 Rom. 4.17 sets up peace in their consciences so that they walke with God in peace as the (f) Mal. 2.6 expression is concerning Levi and are (g) luk 1.79 led into the way of peace and their (h) Phil 4.7 Rom. 8.6 Isa 26.3 hearts and mindes are kept by that peace so that it may bee said that the children of the Covenant have (i) Is 54.13 great peace with (k) Ro. 5.1 God with the (l) Ez 34.25 Hos 2.18 Iob. 5.23 24. creatures in (m) Is 66.12 Psa 29.11 life and (n) Ps 37.37 Ier. 34.5 death Obj. But there bee many that are doubtlesse in Covenant with God and yet have neither spirituall nor worldly peace neither peace within nor peace without neither peace living nor peace dying so that it may be said of them as the expression is that they know not the way of peace and they hear rather a voice of trembling and of feare then of peace A. 1. It is true as (o) Eccl. 3.8 Solomon saith in another case that there is a time of war and a time of peace and doubtlesse many a deare and precious soule that is in Covenant and favour with God may for a time want-inward peace and till the Lord himselfe (p) Ps 85.8 speakes peace and (q) Is 45.7 makes peace the soul cannot enjoy it yet mark how graciously the Lord speaks (r) Is 27.5 Let him take hold on my strength and hee shall make peace with me and I (s) Is 57.19 create the fruit of the lips peace peace to him that is a farre off and to him that is neare c. It may be the fault of many soules to refuse to receive peace as the (t) Ps 77.2 Prophet refused to be comforted or else to ground it upon their sense and feeling and when that is gone their peace is lost whereas inward and soule-peace comes through (u) Rom 5.1 15.13 beleeving Seeing then God is the Authour and Giver of peace Christ the Prince and promiser of peace the Spirit the worker and sealer of peace and the Gospel the word and ground of peace and the Ministers the Heraulds and Messengers of peace such beleevers as want peace of conscience should strive to have the peace of God to (w) Col. 3.15 rule in their hearts and to beleeve that God will (x) Ps 29.11 Isa 26 12 blesse them with peace and to take heed if God do speake peace to them that they returne not againe to the folly of unbeleife y Ps 85.8 2. For outward peace or peace with the creatures God gives that often to his Saints according to his (z) Is 66.12 Hag 2.9 promise and when they want it yet they have peace in (a) Ioh 16.27 Christ And God so orders and sanctifies their troubles to them that they do receive no (b) Is 11.9 hurt but much (c) 2 Cor 7 4 Rom 5 3 benefit thereby Sixtly It is a holy Covenant Dan. 11.28 30. Luke 1.72 Psal 105.42 Quest Why is it called a holy Covenant A. 1. In respect of the Authour of it The most holy God who is proclaimed by the Seraphims i. e. the Angells (d) Is 6 3 Rev 4 9. it is in two Greek copies nine times holy thrice together holy holy holy And this Covenant God did (e) Ps 60 6. speake in his holinesse and (f) ps 89