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chemist_n but_o usual_o take_v in_o a_o imperfect_a or_o ill_a sense_n like_o ben._n johnson_n alchemist_n that_o be_v one_o that_o can_v or_o pretend_v to_o counterfeit_v metal_n so_o that_o to_o sum_n up_o the_o chief_a term_n a_o assayer_n judge_v of_o the_o purity_n of_o metal_n and_o the_o chemist_n improve_v this_o purity_n to_o spirit_n quintessence_n virtue_n etc._n etc._n but_o the_o alchemist_n counterfeit_v and_o adulterate_v they_o by_o make_v they_o appear_v to_o be_v pure_a which_o realy_a be_v not_o pure_a but_o mix_v with_o other_o sophistication_n verulam_n of_o this_o latter_a our_o author_n be_v not_o guilty_a so_o as_o he_o stand_v for_o a_o renown_a assay-master_n a_o good_a chemist_n and_o one_o that_o understand_v but_o be_v not_o a_o sophisticate_a alchemist_n nor_o a_o lapidarian_a philosopher_n or_o metaphisical_a projector_n see_v assay_v alkali_n or_o alcali_n reckon_v by_o doctor_n wilkins_n among_o stone_n but_o here_o and_o in_o other_o part_n of_o the_o v._o book_n call_v sal_fw-la alkali_fw-la which_o be_v a_o salt_n make_v of_o the_o herb_n kali_n or_o salicornia_n vulgar_o call_v glasswort_n the_o herb_n be_v hot_a and_o dry_a and_o therefore_o such_o salt_n of_o that_o quality_n be_v call_v alcalous_a and_o this_o salt_n be_v often_o use_v by_o our_o author_n as_o have_v a_o nature_n to_o discoagulate_a metal_n by_o open_v their_o body_n l._n 1._o c._n 32._o s_o 4._o alimbeck_n see_v limbeck_n allay_v t._n linderen_n l._n mitigare_fw-la a._n to_o lessen_v or_o allay_v see_v money_n and_o coin_n alum_n t._n alaum_n l._n alumen_fw-la from_fw-la lumen_fw-la in_o respect_n of_o its_o transparency_n and_o nearness_n to_o crystal_n and_o be_v account_v among_o the_o bright_a stone_n of_o this_o mineral_n there_o be_v several_a sort_n from_o several_a mine_n and_o alum_n work_v erect_v in_o england_n and_o they_o be_v also_o in_o many_o part_n of_o europe_n some_o more_o acid_a and_o sharp_a in_o taste_n than_o other_o by_o which_o 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in_o the_o ground_n piece_n until_o it_o burn_v itself_o dead_a and_o then_o let_v it_o be_v ground_n small_a and_o mingle_v it_o with_o fluss_n and_o a_o little_a glass-gall_n and_o cover_v it_o with_o salt_n in_o the_o crucible_n lute_v in_o a_o little_a oven_n it_o will_v boil_v like_o a_o raw_a copper_n oar_n or_o flint_n before_o the_o bellows_o and_o will_v settle_v itself_o to_o a_o copper_n grain_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o the_o crucible_n draw_v this_o up_o and_o weigh_v how_o much_o it_o contain_v and_o make_v thy_o account_n upon_o it_o how_o many_o centner_n of_o copper-stone_n yield_v one_o centner_n of_o black_a and_o unpurify_v copper_n section_n 2_o there_o be_v another_o trial_n namely_o to_o weigh_v two_o centner_n of_o copper-stone_n and_o mingle_v they_o with_o borax_n and_o a_o little_a venetian_a glass_n and_o let_v it_o flow_v upon_o a_o proof_n test_n and_o blow_v with_o a_o hand_n bellows_o until_o it_o appear_v green_a so_o you_o will_v see_v how_o much_o the_o copper-stone_n yield_v of_o copper_n and_o in_o this_o proof_n the_o copper_n will_v become_v clean_a and_o pure_a and_o most_o ready_a and_o yield_v no_o black_a copper_n as_o in_o the_o proof_n above_o it_o do_v that_o you_o may_v see_v the_o form_n of_o the_o little_a oven_n and_o how_o to_o make_v the_o copper-proof_n in_o they_o they_o be_v in_o the_o follow_a sculpture_n decipher_v 1._o the_o melt_a oven_n to_o try_v the_o copper_n oar_n from_o the_o copper-stone_n and_o the_o man_n that_o blow_v the_o bellows_o 2._o the_o lute_v it_o with_o clay_n 3._o the_o buck_v and_o vvash_v oar._n 4._o the_o little_a oven_n in_o which_o the_o copper-oar_n be_v to_o be_v prove_v with_o ordinary_a bellows_n and_o the_o man_n that_o attend_v they_o 5._o the_o bellows_n as_o they_o be_v use_v 6._o a_o copper_n instrument_n with_o a_o neck_n in_o which_o water_n be_v put_v and_o then_o set_v over_o the_o fire_n and_o use_v in_o stead_n of_o bellows_o call_v the_o philosophical_a bellows_n see_v sculpture_n ii_o book_n i._n 7._o the_o pot_n in_o which_o the_o fluss_n be_v to_o be_v make_v 8._o the_o assay_v crucible_n sculpture_n xxx_o chap._n xi_o to_o prove_v flinty_a copper_n by_o sulphur_n section_n 1_o because_o all_o flint_n have_v sulphur_n in_o they_o yet_o some_o more_o than_o other_o if_o you_o will_v try_v they_o and_o make_v a_o proof_n upon_o they_o weigh_v two_o centner_n of_o the_o flinty_a raw_a oar_n and_o put_v it_o in_o a_o proof-test_n and_o roast_v it_o dead_a as_o i_o have_v mention_v before_o off_o the_o copper-oar_n let_v it_o be_v cold_a and_o weigh_v such_o roast_a oar_n again_o now_o so_o much_o as_o these_o two_o centner_n have_v lose_v so_o much_o they_o have_v have_v of_o sulphur_n for_o the_o sulphur_n go_v in_o the_o fire_n and_o in_o the_o air_n this_o proof_n be_v easy_a yet_o it_o be_v not_o manifest_v what_o sulphur_n it_o do_v yield_v but_o that_o you_o may_v have_v the_o same_o sulphur_n apparent_o beat_v the_o flint_n small_a to_o the_o bigness_n of_o a_o hazel_n section_n 2_o retort_v nut_n put_v it_o in_o a_o great_a retort_n make_v of_o the_o best_a potters-clay_n that_o the_o neck_n of_o the_o retort_n may_v hang_v in_o water_n make_v a_o wood-fire_n about_o it_o than_o the_o sulphur_n will_v ascend_v from_o the_o flint_n and_o you_o will_v find_v most_o part_v before_o in_o the_o receiver_n of_o the_o retort_n fine_a and_o yellow_a but_o it_o be_v yet_o unwashed_a and_o must_v be_v cleanse_v in_o a_o strong_a fire_n how_o this_o be_v further_a to_o be_v do_v be_v to_o be_v see_v in_o great_a iron_n retort_v when_o the_o sulphur_n become_v red_a but_o this_o be_v to_o inform_v the_o reader_n that_o all_o flint_n burn_v in_o iron_n retort_v to_o sulphur_n do_v yield_v red_a sulphur_n which_o painter_n use_v to_o heighten_v yellow_a or_o orange_n colour_n but_o the_o manner_n of_o make_v sulphur_n with_o great_a retort_v do_v not_o appertain_v to_o this_o treatise_n therefore_o i_o have_v name_v it_o only_o for_o the_o proof-sake_n chap._n xii_o how_o to_o prove_v black_a copper_n by_o defty_a or_o smooth_a copper_n section_n 1_o as_o all_o copper_n come_v black_a out_o of_o the_o oar_n upon_o melt_v yet_o some_o much_o fine_a and_o clean_a than_o other_o which_o must_v after_o be_v cleanse_v and_o make_v ready_a as_o they_o which_o contain_v no_o silver_n and_o not_o purify_v must_v be_v make_v ready_a and_o deft_a also_o to_o know_v certain_o how_o many_o centner_n of_o it_o after_o cleanse_v it_o yield_v of_o clean_a copper_n which_o must_v be_v prove_v in_o a_o little_a fire_n some_o think_v it_o may_v be_v know_v by_o needle_n special_a copper_n touch-needle_n make_v on_o purpose_n but_o because_o the_o black-copper_n be_v not_o all_o alike_o but_o some_o iron-streamy_a some_o tinny_n spizy_n or_o leady_o i_o can_v certain_o determine_v concern_v such_o proof_n but_o the_o best_a way_n be_v thus_o first_o cut_v off_o from_o the_o cast_a copper_n ingot_n and_o weigh_v 2_o or_o 3_o centner_n of_o it_o and_o lute_z a_o test_n with_o small_a ground_n leady_a glass_n put_v the_o weigh_v copper_n in_o it_o and_o blow_v it_o in_o a_o fresh_a coal_n fire_n till_o it_o have_v a_o clean_a green_a copper_n colour_n then_o present_o take_v the_o test_n out_o of_o the_o fire_n and_o take_v the_o copper_n out_o of_o the_o slack_v and_o quench_v it_o off_o then_o cut_v it_o asunder_o with_o a_o chissel_n and_o you_o will_v see_v whether_o it_o be_v good_a then_o weigh_v and_o count_v how_o much_o the_o inset_v black_a copper_n have_v yield_v ready_a copper_n section_n 2_o certain_a this_o proof_n although_o the_o copper_n be_v sure_a to_o be_v find_v than_o by_o the_o touch-needle_n yet_o it_o be_v not_o certain_a to_o ground_n upon_o because_o the_o proof_n be_v small_a and_o the_o copper_n little_a therefore_o very_o easy_o the_o fire_n may_v take_v away_o somewhat_o too_o much_o if_o it_o be_v over-burnt_a which_o in_o great_a work_n can_v be_v do_v and_o so_o somewhat_o more_o of_o red_a copper_n will_v be_v bring_v out_o if_o you_o will_v have_v the_o right_a proof_n and_o know_v the_o right_n content_a the_o same_o must_v not_o be_v esteem_v too_o great_a a_o labour_n to_o make_v more_o than_o one_o proof_n of_o the_o black-copper_n and_o then_o take_v the_o middle_a out_o of_o it_o you_o may_v use_v to_o this_o proof_n borax_n which_o cleanse_v the_o metal_n much_o and_o bring_v the_o copper_n to_o be_v soon_o ready_a but_o because_o one_o can_v use_v borax_n in_o the_o great_a work_n it_o be_v better_o this_o proof_n especial_o iron-streamy_a copper_n may_v be_v help_v with_o a_o little_a clean_a lead_n because_o it_o be_v use_v in_o cleanse_v and_o the_o copper_n will_v become_v leady_o which_o do_v much_o cleanse_v the_o copper_n but_o if_o the_o copper_n section_n 3_o manner_n be_v leady_o then_o there_o need_v no_o lead_n to_o be_v add_v some_o assayer_n use_v this_o method_n in_o their_o proof_n viz._n they_o take_v a_o test_n which_o be_v make_v moist_a and_o make_v a_o little_a hearth_n in_o it_o of_o coal_n powder_n mix_v with_o clay_n have_v a_o flat_a smooth_a hole_n cut_v out_o upon_o this_o they_o set_v the_o copper_n which_o be_v to_o be_v prove_v and_o blow_v it_o with_o the_o addition_n of_o a_o little_a lead-glass_n this_o will_v the_o soon_o make_v it_o ready_a but_o i_o think_v there_o be_v small_a difference_n in_o what_o ever_o be_v drive_v off_o from_o it_o but_o be_v sure_a you_o drive_v not_o the_o copper_n too_o hard_o and_o yet_o let_v it_o be_v of_o a_o right_a copper_n or_o blick_a colour_n section_n 4_o separate_v and_o because_o many_o time_n copper-flint_n be_v to_o be_v find_v in_o which_o almost_o the_o half_n be_v tinn-stone_n and_o if_o copper_n be_v melt_v out_o of_o it_o it_o will_v be_v very_o tinny_a and_o spizy_n also_o if_o it_o be_v do_v among_o other_o copper_n all_o will_v be_v spoil_v in_o the_o cleanse_n to_o prevent_v this_o there_o be_v a_o particular_a way_n viz._n that_o by_o beat_v and_o wash_v one_o may_v separate_v both_o metal_n by_o buck_v or_o cleanse_v and_o then_o melt_v every_o part_n asunder_o and_o bring_v it_o to_o profit_n of_o which_o way_n i_o shall_v write_v something_o here_o but_o because_o i_o do_v not_o give_v a_o full_a instruction_n in_o these_o my_o book_n of_o the_o great_a work_n viz._n of_o buck_v wash_v and_o smelting_a metal_n oar_n but_o only_o lesser_a work_n therefore_o i_o will_v here_o end_v till_o another_o more_o convenient_a time_n when_o they_o may_v be_v further_o discourse_v of_o chap._n xiii_o how_o to_o prove_v whether_o lead_v be_v very_o copperish_v if_o you_o think_v your_o lead_n have_v much_o copper_n with_o it_o and_o will_v be_v assure_v thereof_o
gratty_a slack_v will_v devour_v the_o iron_n stone_n quite_o in_o twice_o work_v which_o they_o do_v not_o so_o easy_o to_o the_o copper_n yet_o in_o time_n they_o do_v consume_v also_o so_o that_o they_o must_v be_v renew_v once_o in_o a_o quarter_n of_o a_o year_n section_n 9_o their_o time_n to_o melt_v be_v 23_o hour_n in_o this_o they_o set_v into_o one_o oven_n 66_o to_o 70_o centner_n of_o roast_a oar_n and_o the_o oar_n will_v flow_v like_o water_n and_o work_v itself_o very_o fresh_a and_o there_o be_v nothing_o else_o to_o be_v take_v to_o it_o but_o only_o the_o burn_a oar._n now_o when_o the_o melter_n lift_v off_o the_o uppermost_a slack_v section_n 9_o which_o be_v very_o heavy_a and_o thick_a the_o rest_n under_o it_o will_v stand_v very_o clear_a and_o then_o with_o a_o great_a iron_n ladle_n he_o pour_v they_o out_o which_o will_v run_v like_o lead_n so_o fresh_a as_o they_o be_v and_o the_o slack_v look_v like_o a_o melt_a slackstone_n but_o the_o lead_n creep_v through_o the_o light_a dust_n in_o the_o oven_n and_o hide_v itself_o under_o it_o near_o 23_o hour_n and_o therefore_o the_o wild_a sulphurish_n slack_v can_v reach_v it_o nor_o the_o long_a during_o heat_n consume_v or_o devour_v it_o oven_n when_o the_o melter_n have_v observe_v his_o time_n than_o he_o section_n 10_o open_v the_o funnel_n below_o and_o take_v out_o the_o light_a dust_n together_o with_o the_o slack_v which_o be_v settle_v in_o it_o and_o whilst_o the_o melter_n be_v draw_v the_o dust_n out_o of_o the_o oven_n a_o servant_n must_v gentle_o pour_v water_n that_o the_o melter_n may_v endure_v the_o heat_n and_o when_o all_o the_o dust_n be_v draw_v out_o than_o the_o melter_n with_o his_o fork_n stir_v the_o lead_n in_o the_o oven_n below_o so_o that_o all_o the_o lead_n may_v come_v together_o than_o he_o cast_v the_o lead_n into_o the_o hearth_n stand_v by_o the_o oven_n and_o it_o must_v be_v keep_v warm_a continual_o lead_n out_o of_o this_o he_o draw_v it_o into_o cake_n or_o sow_n of_o lead_n section_n 11_o according_a to_o the_o old_a fryberish_n method_n and_o bring_v out_o of_o the_o 60_o or_o 70_o centner_n of_o melt_a oar_n in_o such_o a_o time_n well_o melt_v near_o three_o centner_n of_o lead_n of_o which_o one_o centner_n contain_v 4_o loathe_v of_o silver_n and_o the_o rest_n of_o the_o lead_n and_o silver_n will_v remain_v in_o the_o slack_v and_o though_o there_o be_v ☜_o almost_o as_o much_o yet_o remain_v it_o be_v a_o wonder_n that_o so_o much_o shall_v be_v produce_v out_o of_o a_o poor_a contenty_n stubborn_a oar._n but_o if_o you_o will_v melt_v other_o oar_n beside_o this_o after_o section_n 12_o the_o goslarish_a method_n you_o must_v be_v careful_a the_o oar_n may_v work_n itself_o fresh_a for_o if_o it_o do_v not_o than_o you_o must_v help_v it_o for_o the_o light_a dust_n can_v suffer_v the_o very_a soft_a slack_v also_o when_o the_o light_n lead_v oar_n contain_v pretty_a much_o silver_n and_o little_a lead_n then_o at_o all_o time_n according_a to_o the_o condition_n of_o the_o oar_n there_o may_v be_v add_v hard_a lead_n that_o the_o silver_n may_v have_v a_o refuge_n into_o the_o lead_n i_o must_v signify_v that_o in_o the_o melt_v oven_n of_o the_o goslarish_n lead_v oar_n they_o lay_v on_o all_o four_o wall_n of_o the_o oven_n a_o gray_a with_o a_o yellow_a mingle_a matter_n every_o row_n or_o lay_v as_o section_n 13_o calaminaris_n thick_a as_o a_o straw_n breadth_n which_o they_o call_v galmay_v use_v in_o the_o brass-melting_a and_o add_v as_o you_o have_v hear_v in_o the_o end_n of_o the_o three_o book_n and_o this_o matter_n must_v be_v put_v out_o of_o the_o melt_v oven_n after_o 8_o or_o 9_o row_v or_o lay_v be_v make_v else_o the_o oven_n will_v be_v too_o narrow_a so_o that_o no_o more_o can_v be_v melt_v in_o it_o with_o profit_n decipher_v 1._o the_o the_o wall_n of_o the_o furnace_n 2._o the_o line_n on_o they_o show_v the_o gradation_n of_o the_o metal_n descend_v 3._o the_o man_n that_o manage_v the_o metal_n in_o the_o furnace_n 4._o the_o back_n of_o the_o furnace_n with_o the_o coal_n and_o piece_n of_o metal_n flame_v 5._o the_o grand_a test_n 6._o the_o oven_n for_o that_o test_n 7._o the_o piece_n from_o the_o test_n 8._o the_o man_n that_o beat_v the_o oar._n 9_o the_o piece_n of_o oar_n and_o cinder_n 10._o a_o heap_n of_o charcoal_n 11._o the_o water-trough_n to_o wash_v the_o oar_n in_o 12._o the_o pipe_n by_o which_o the_o foul_a water_n be_v cast_v out_o 13._o the_o instrument_n for_o the_o furnace_n and_o test_n sculpture_n xxxvi_o chap._n ix_o of_o melt_a oar_n with_o moll_n or_o turf_n because_o some_o year_n since_o the_o miner_n and_o smelter_n have_v pretend_v that_o all_o sort_n of_o oar_n may_v be_v melt_v with_o sod_n or_o turf_n as_o the_o saxon_n call_v it_o i_o can_v not_o omit_v in_o this_o part_n but_o give_v the_o reader_n my_o judgement_n and_o because_o the_o oar_n be_v not_o all_o of_o one_o sort_n but_o partly_o harsh_a and_o hardy_a and_o partly_o mild_a saft_z and_o flow_v and_o that_o the_o turf_n yield_v very_o heavy_a and_o much_o ash_n which_o in_o the_o melt_v be_v oven_n come_v to_o be_v a_o slack_a almost_o like_o a_o glass_n i_o judge_v it_o must_v not_o be_v use_v at_o all_o to_o the_o weak_a oar_n to_o which_o this_o separate_a work_n be_v unprofitable_a for_o through_o their_o many_o heavy_a ash_n the_o weak_a flow_a oar_n be_v hinder_v and_o the_o oven_n thereby_o stop_v and_o though_o you_o use_v half_a coal_n with_o it_o yet_o it_o will_v not_o turn_v to_o profit_v but_o what_o be_v harsh-hot-graty_a oar_n especial_o roast_a lead_n oar_n by_o help_n of_o coal_n may_v be_v melt_v and_o it_o will_v be_v serviceable_a for_o they_o will_v work_v themselves_o more_o separable_a and_o deft_a so_o that_o one_o need_v not_o much_o other_o addition_n as_o aforesaid_a but_o if_o one_o will_v melt_v such_o harsh_a oar_n with_o turf_n only_o i_o fear_v the_o oven_n will_v be_v stop_v many_o time_n by_o which_o the_o work_n will_v be_v much_o hinder_v therefore_o i_o conclude_v it_o better_a to_o melt_v with_o coal_n than_o with_o moll_n sod_a or_o turf_n chap._n x._o how_o to_o prove_v spelter_n or_o wizmet_n oar_n which_o some_o call_v bizmuth_n spelter_n oar_n be_v a_o white_a heavy_a oar_n and_o section_n 1_o yield_v among_o other_o oar_n the_o most_o flow_a metal_n which_o need_v no_o singular_a pain_n to_o melt_v it_o down_o but_o there_o be_v two_o sort_n melt_v of_o melt_v it_o in_o the_o wind_n and_o before_o the_o bellows_o as_o will_v follow_v for_o if_o you_o will_v prove_v this_o oar_n how_o much_o spelter_n it_o may_v contain_v then_o grind_v it_o small_a and_o weigh_v a_o centner_n of_o it_o and_o two_o centner_n of_o the_o fluss_n before_o speak_v of_o make_v of_o argol_n and_o saltpetre_n mingle_v it_o and_o put_v it_o in_o a_o crucible_n cover_v wit_n salt_n and_o cover_v it_o lute_n it_o with_o clay_n and_o boil_v it_o up_o in_o a_o little_a oven_n before_o the_o bellows_o like_v to_o a_o flow_a lead_n proof_n thus_o you_o will_v have_v the_o spelter_n below_o in_o the_o crucible_n like_o a_o lead_n regulus_n draw_v it_o up_o after_o thy_o proof_n weight_n and_o you_o will_v find_v how_o much_o spelter_n a_o centner_n of_o oar_n yield_v but_o till_o of_o late_a we_o have_v not_o the_o way_n to_o melt_v so_o much_o out_o of_o the_o oar_n as_o have_v be_v find_v in_o the_o proof_n and_o the_o difference_n be_v alike_o for_o we_o find_v almost_o the_o half_a part_n more_o in_o the_o little_a proof_n when_o the_o spelter_n section_n 2_o content_a be_v melt_v out_o of_o it_o but_o as_o it_o have_v be_v mention_v in_o the_o tin-slacks_a which_o by_o a_o strong_a fire_n will_v melt_v the_o remain_a tin_n so_o it_o be_v possible_a to_o do_v with_o the_o spelter_n wind_n but_o to_o melt_v the_o spelter_n out_o of_o the_o oar_n two_o method_n section_n 3_o be_v use_v one_o by_o the_o wind_n the_o other_o by_o bellows_o the_o weak_a sort_n of_o spelter_n oar_n be_v to_o be_v melt_v on_o the_o wind_n which_o be_v to_o be_v do_v thus_o take_v of_o the_o oar_n and_o beat_v it_o to_o little_a piece_n about_o the_o bigness_n of_o walnut_n and_o put_v it_o in_o little_a iron_n pan_n set_v in_o order_n that_o they_o may_v spread_v abroad_o and_o set_v they_o in_o the_o field_n in_o the_o wind_n and_o make_v a_o fire_n of_o dry_a wood_n so_o that_o the_o wind_n may_v bring_v the_o flame_n into_o the_o pan_n upon_o the_o oar_n thus_o the_o spelter_n will_v flow_v quick_o out_o of_o the_o oar_n into_o the_o pan_n and_o when_o it_o be_v almost_o
durable_a than_o those_o which_o be_v do_v with_o oil_n or_o gum_n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o s_o 1._o see_v neal_v amoniack_a see_v armoniak_n antimony_n t._n speiz_v and_o speiz-glass_n which_o be_v proper_o glass_n make_v of_o antimony_n l._n stibium_fw-la and_o it_o be_v also_o call_v by_o some_o mineralist_n red_a lion_n wolf_n and_o proteus_n in_o respect_n of_o its_o various_a quality_n it_o be_v a_o heavy_a bright_a oar_n like_o lead_n but_o more_o speizy_n and_o porous_a and_o less_o ponderous_a and_o some_o give_v it_o the_o name_n of_o white_a stone_n or_o imperfect_a metal_n because_o they_o say_v it_o be_v the_o beginner_n or_o producer_n of_o silver_n or_o lead_n and_o the_o extract_v make_v out_o of_o it_o be_v of_o singular_a virtue_n of_o which_o his_o late_a highness_n prince_n rupert_n red_a drop_n be_v chimical_o make_v and_o give_v with_o good_a success_n for_o most_o disease_n l._n 4._o c._n 17._o aqua_fw-la fortis_fw-la which_o for_o brevity_n be_v print_v fort._n t._n scheid-wass_a call_v by_o lat._n chemist_n aqua_fw-la separatoria_fw-la and_o be_v a_o composition_n of_o nitre_n and_o vitriol_n etc._n etc._n and_o this_o liquor_n be_v use_v for_o dissolve_v and_o separate_a gold_n and_o silver_n and_o have_v many_o other_o excellent_a property_n as_o may_v be_v collect_v from_o the_o 5_o book_n l._n 2._o c._n 16._o to_o c._n 34._o aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la be_v a_o water_n make_v of_o aqua_n fort_n and_o other_o composition_n and_o be_v of_o a_o more_o strong_a and_o corrosive_a nature_n than_o aqua_fw-la for_o it_o and_o it_o be_v observable_a the_o aqua_n for_o it_o be_v a_o specific_a for_o silver_n and_o this_o aqua_fw-la regis_fw-la for_o gold_n for_o it_o will_v touch_v only_a gold_n and_o not_o silver_n l._n 2._o c._n 28._o aqua_fw-la argentea_fw-la see_v quick_a silver_n and_o metal_n aqua_fw-la vitrioli_fw-la see_v vitriol_n and_o mineral_n aqua_fw-la dulcis_fw-la see_v common_a water_n aqua_fw-la fontis_fw-la see_v spring_n water_n argol_n t._n weinstein_n l._n tartarum_fw-la and_o in_o english_a tartar_n or_o the_o lees_n of_o wine_n which_o stick_v to_o the_o side_n of_o wine-vessel_n hard_a and_o dry_a like_o a_o crust_n and_o therefore_o sometime_o call_v argol-stone_n from_o its_o compact_a hardness_n and_o this_o be_v of_o great_a use_n in_o metallic_n operation_n l._n 1._o c._n 10._o s_o 17._o and_o other_o place_n l._n 1._o see_v fece_n arithmetic_n t._n rechenkunst_n l._n arithmatica_fw-la the_o art_n of_o number_v or_o reckon_a according_a to_o the_o t._n and_o this_o art_n of_o all_o other_o be_v the_o most_o assist_v to_o the_o metallick_n science_n in_o judge_v of_o the_o goodness_n of_o metal_n after_o fine_v and_o refine_v they_o l._n 1._o c._n 1._o armenick_n see_v ammoniac_a ammoniac_a t._n give_v it_o the_o latin_a name_n bolus_n armeni_n and_o we_o bole_n ammoniac_a and_o i_o find_v these_o word_n of_o kin_n both_o in_o their_o orthography_n and_o pronunciation_n viz._n amoniack_a armenick_n and_o ammoniac_a the_o first_o pliny_n tell_v we_o l._n 24._o be_v a_o gum_n which_o he_o call_v gumma_n amoniaci_n of_o a_o glutinous_a nature_n like_o other_o gum_n and_o so_o may_v be_v use_v for_o metallick_n vessel_n the_o second_o viz._n armenick_n i_o find_v the_o word_n shall_v always_o join_v with_o it_o and_o so_o call_v sal_fw-la armenicus_fw-la and_o this_o salt_n be_v ancient_o account_v a_o natural_a salt_n but_o that_o be_v now_o unknown_a to_o we_o we_o use_v the_o armenicus_fw-la which_o be_v make_v of_o the_o urine_n of_o elephant_n or_o camel_n as_o it_o be_v say_v boil_a to_o a_o lixivium_n or_o salt_n and_o call_v sal_fw-la armenius_n or_o armeniacus_n and_o this_o be_v of_o great_a use_n for_o purify_n and_o refine_n of_o metal_n to_o the_o three_o armoniacus_n the_o word_n bole_n be_v add_v i_o suppose_v for_o distinction_n sake_n pliny_n c._n 35._o mention_n a_o stone_n which_o he_o call_v lapis_n armeni_n of_o which_o he_o count_v several_a sort_n but_o the_o best_a of_o those_o he_o say_v be_v of_o a_o blue_a colour_n and_o call_v it_o verd_fw-mi de_fw-fr azure_a be_v of_o great_a price_n and_o esteem_v with_o painter_n but_o the_o common_a ammoniac_a he_o call_v synope_a and_o we_o synople_n from_o a_o city_n of_o that_o name_n where_o it_o be_v plentiful_a and_o it_o be_v probable_a this_o be_v the_o same_o which_o we_o call_v bole_n ammoniac_a be_v of_o a_o red_a colour_n and_o this_o be_v oft_o use_v by_o our_o author_n and_o for_o distinction_n the_o word_n gum_n be_v put_v to_o the_o first_o salt_n to_o the_o other_o and_o bolus_n to_o this_o which_o i_o write_v to_o prevent_v error_n in_o medicine_n or_o metallick_n experiment_n l._n 2._o c._n 20._o arsenic_n t._n arsenic_n l._n auripigmentum_n we_o orpine_n or_o orpiment_n and_o common_o rats-bain_n be_v use_v to_o kill_v rat_n of_o arsenic_n there_o be_v two_o sort_n yellow_a and_o red_a which_o some_o by_o mistake_n esteem_v to_o be_v red_a ochre_n pliny_n l._n 34._o say_v it_o be_v of_o the_o same_o substance_n with_o sandarack_n and_o incline_v to_o that_o colour_n the_o best_a of_o which_o say_v he_o resemble_v gold_n and_o therefore_o i_o suppose_v call_v yellow_a orpiment_n there_o be_v also_o a_o white_a or_o crystalline_a arsenic_n which_o be_v compound_v of_o salt_n and_o the_o yellow_a orpiment_n so_o become_v transparent_a like_o crystal_n and_o from_o thence_o be_v make_v the_o white_a ratsbane_n and_o it_o may_v be_v observe_v this_o white_a consist_v of_o two_o part_n viz._n a_o crusty_a or_o external_a part_n and_o a_o crystalline_a or_o internal_a part_n and_o this_o make_v metal_n brickle_z the_o other_o solid_a and_o of_o the_o regulus_n of_o this_o mineral_n a_o good_a metal_n may_v be_v make_v l._n 1._o c._n 14._o s_o 1._o see_v sulphur_n ash_n t._n ashen_n l._n ciner_fw-la a._n ash_n and_o these_o be_v make_v so_o by_o the_o power_n of_o fire_n from_o metal_n mineral_n stone_n bone_n earth_n and_o wood_n which_o put_v i_o in_o mind_n of_o those_o tree_n which_o plentiful_o grow_v in_o england_n call_v ash_n t._n esschen_n or_o asschen-baum_n quod_fw-la optimos_fw-la cerneres_fw-la efficiant_fw-la minslaw_n but_o the_o l._n call_v it_o fraxinus_n and_o of_o this_o ashen-wood_n i_o have_v see_v the_o great_a effect_n of_o it_o at_o yarmouth_n and_o laistoff_n in_o suffolk_n for_o with_o this_o wood_n and_o no_o other_o they_o dry_v their_o herring_n which_o be_v a_o profitable_a commodity_n to_o they_o and_o it_o seem_v that_o the_o salt_n and_o dry_a vapour_n of_o that_o wood_n do_v cure_n for_o so_o be_v their_o term_n their_o herring_n of_o all_o malignity_n and_o doubtless_o that_o wood_n be_v most_o proper_a where_o it_o be_v to_o be_v use_v for_o dissolve_v metal_n and_o the_o ash_n of_o it_o rather_o than_o any_o other_o for_o metallic_a use_n except_o bone-ash_n and_o especial_o for_o salt-petre_n which_o be_v the_o subject_a of_o the_o 5_o book_n l._n 2._o c._n 20._o s_o 5._o see_v dust_n bone-ash_n pulveration_n etc._n etc._n assayer_n t._n probirer_n l._n probator_n a._n assayer_n or_o tryer._n to_o assay_v t._n probiren_n l._n probare_fw-la which_o we_o call_v also_o to_o assay_v prove_v or_o try_v metal_n all_o intend_v the_o same_o thing_n though_o different_a in_o dialect_n but_o there_o be_v another_o word_n of_o the_o like_a signification_n which_o be_v write_v with_o a_o e._n as_o essayer_n and_o to_o essay_n etc._n etc._n both_o be_v render_v by_o dictionary_n to_o try_v l._n tentare_fw-la probare_fw-la now_o i_o think_v some_o have_v commit_v a_o error_n herein_o and_o aught_o to_o have_v make_v a_o more_o clear_a distinction_n for_o i_o take_v assay_v to_o have_v relation_n only_o to_o thing_n of_o weight_n as_o metal_n etc._n etc._n from_o the_o word_n as_o or_o assis_n which_o signify_v a_o pound_n weight_n or_o 12_o ounce_n or_o the_o whole_a of_o any_o substance_n which_o may_v be_v divide_v into_o part_n and_o especial_o applicable_a to_o the_o great_a or_o small_a coin_n that_o be_v make_v of_o any_o metal_n which_o many_o time_n be_v and_o still_o be_v of_o copper_n or_o brass_n which_o the_o l._n call_v ae_z and_o thereupon_o i_o suppose_v it_o be_v sometime_o write_v essay_v without_o a_o diphthong_n and_o so_o confound_v these_o two_o word_n in_o their_o application_n and_o to_o confirm_v my_o just_a distinction_n of_o they_o we_o read_v in_o the_o stat._n of_o h._n 6._o c._n 12._o that_o the_o king_n officer_n of_o the_o mint_n who_o as_o the_o statute_n say_v be_v indifferent_o appoint_v between_o the_o master_n of_o the_o mint_n and_o the_o merchant_n which_o bring_v silver_n thither_o to_o be_v mint_v be_v call_v the_o king_n assayer_n and_o not_o essayer_n and_o in_o the_o record_n assaisiator_n not_o essaisiator_n see_v goldman_n be_v dict._n and_o some_o latin_a record_n render_v it_o metallorum_fw-la prebendorum_fw-la
air_n and_o earth_n but_o the_o upper_a window_n that_o have_v only_o the_o more_o tender_a motion_n of_o the_o air_n to_o offend_v they_o have_v little_a hurt_n and_o this_o be_v general_a except_o in_o church_n who_o window_n be_v all_o shatter_v have_v no_o floor_n to_o defend_v they_o against_o the_o motion_n of_o earth_n and_o air._n i_o be_v please_v with_o these_o outward_a accidental_a cause_n but_o soon_o after_o i_o see_v a_o spring_n on_o one_o side_n of_o the_o high_a hill_n in_o darbyshire_n within_o the_o peak-forest_n and_o 30_o mile_n from_o the_o sea_n that_o ebb_a and_o flow_v four_o time_n in_o the_o space_n of_o a_o hour_n call_v tide_n well_o and_o for_o this_o i_o will_v not_o pretend_v to_o give_v a_o reason_n be_v so_o far_o from_o the_o sea_n or_o any_o probable_a outward_a cause_n bolus_n see_v ammoniac_a it_o signify_v a_o certain_a proportion_n from_o whence_o we_o may_v have_v the_o word_n boul_a or_o bowl_n which_o be_v use_v by_o miner_n to_o measure_v out_o their_o dig_v oar_n both_o for_o the_o king_n proprietor_n or_o themselves_o or_o for_o other_o use_n bone_fw-la ash_n t._n bein_n ashen_n lat._n os_fw-mi &_o ciner_fw-la a._n ash_n and_o from_o ciner_n cinder_n so_o as_o the_o latin_n have_v no_o proper_a word_n for_o it_o but_o ciner_fw-la the_o cinder_n or_o ash_n of_o ossium_fw-la or_o bone_n in_o the_o plural_a now_o the_o latin_n have_v the_o like_a word_n o_o signify_v a_o mouth_n distinguish_v in_o their_o genitive_a case_n one_o make_v os_fw-mi ossis_fw-la the_o other_o os_fw-la oris_fw-la one_o signify_v spiration_n from_o the_o greek_a the_o other_o duration_n and_o they_o may_v well_o be_v couple_v for_o the_o nourishment_n which_o go_v into_o the_o mouth_n give_v nutriture_n to_o the_o bone_n and_o be_v the_o original_a of_o its_o duration_n of_o which_o i_o have_v write_v more_o full_o in_o my_o fodinae_fw-la regales_fw-la and_o our_o author_n give_v several_a direction_n what_o bone_n be_v fit_a to_o be_v use_v to_o the_o make_n of_o test_n and_o crucible_n for_o dissolve_v metal_n either_o of_o beast_n or_o fish_n of_o which_o you_o may_v see_v his_o opinion_n in_o several_a place_n l._n 1._o c._n 5_o 6_o 7_o etc._n etc._n see_v ash_n incineration_n pulverisation_n now_o pliny_n n._n h._n l._n 11._o c._n 37._o tell_v we_o that_o the_o bone_n of_o ass_n have_v a_o more_o musical_a nature_n in_o they_o be_v make_v into_o pipe_n than_o any_o other_o bone_n so_o that_o it_o may_v be_v worth_a the_o trial_n for_o bell-founder_n who_o make_v their_o furnace_n and_o test_n of_o bone-ash_n to_o try_v if_o test_n make_v of_o bone_n of_o those_o dull_a ass_n in_o stead_n of_o other_o bone_n can_v make_v their_o bell_n of_o a_o more_o active_a sound_n the_o ordinary_a bone-ash_n make_v of_o beast_n be_v a_o considerable_a trade_n about_o london_n not_o only_o for_o goldsmith_n etc._n etc._n but_o for_o our_o mine_n in_o england_n for_o whilst_o the_o leasee_v of_o our_o society_n do_v work_v the_o mine_n of_o consumlock_n and_o talibont_n in_o cardigan_n shire_n in_o wales_n two_o old_a roman_a mine_n as_o i_o have_v show_v else_o where_o every_o year_n there_o be_v at_o least_o 800_o tun_n send_v from_o hence_o thither_o by_o sea_n by_o which_o may_v be_v guess_v what_o be_v or_o may_v be_v spend_v in_o the_o other_o 28_o my_o county_n in_o england_n and_o wales_n if_o our_o mine_n be_v due_o set_v on_o work_n but_o they_o be_v neglect_v we_o send_v great_a quantity_n to_o other_o nation_n for_o the_o same_o use_n for_o which_o the_o merchant_n pay_v outward_a 6_o s_o 8_o d_o for_o every_o thousand_o bone_n and_o we_o pay_v for_o their_o bring_v they_o into_o we_o 1_o l._n 5_o s._n for_o every_o barrel_n of_o their_o ash_n which_o we_o may_v burn_v and_o employ_v for_o we_o borax_n t._n borras_n l._n borax_n and_o christocolla_n which_o pliny_n call_v the_o ordure_n or_o dung_n of_o gold_n yet_o goldsmith_n and_o silversmith_n use_v it_o for_o their_o chief_a soder_v of_o gold_n or_o silver_n and_o join_v one_o metal_n with_o the_o other_o and_o indeed_o bring_v all_o metal_n to_o perfection_n beside_o it_o have_v medicinal_a property_n l._n 2._o c._n 4._o s_o 2._o and_o in_o many_o other_o place_n pliny_n reckon_v it_o among_o mineral_n and_o describe_v it_o to_o be_v a_o green_a earth_n but_o of_o four_o sort_n the_o best_a from_o copper_n mine_n the_o second_o from_o silver_n the_o three_o from_o gold_n and_o the_o four_o and_o worst_a from_o lead_n he_o tell_v we_o also_o of_o a_o artificial_a borax_n which_o he_o say_v come_v from_o a_o putrify_a vein_n of_o metal_n there_o be_v also_o another_o kind_n make_v by_o art_n of_o roch_n alum_n and_o bowl_n ammoniac_a and_o other_o ingredient_n which_o be_v use_v also_o by_o goldsmith_n but_o the_o right_a borax_n have_v another_o quality_n for_o it_o be_v mix_v with_o arsenic_n it_o take_v off_o the_o poisonous_a quality_n of_o the_o arsenic_n whereby_o it_o may_v be_v safe_o put_v to_o metal_n as_o a_o dissolvent_a bottell_n t._n krug_n see_v instrument_n and_o their_o cruise_n jug_n pot_n etc._n etc._n bottom_z t._n boden_n l._n 1._o c._n 33._o l._n fundus_fw-la a._n foundation_n or_o the_o lowermost_a part_n of_o any_o thing_n the_o word_n be_v also_o use_v for_o a_o bottom_n of_o thread_n t._n vin-gleven_a or_o a_o clew_n of_o thread_n l._n glomus_fw-la which_o be_v only_o the_o foundation_n on_o which_o the_o thread_n be_v wound_n and_o so_o call_v the_o bottom_n bran_n t._n kleyen_n &_o gruesck_n l._n aplauda_n &_o furfur_n because_o it_o make_v a_o double_a theft_n by_o take_v away_o itself_o and_o also_o much_o of_o the_o good_a flower_n with_o it_o however_o this_o bran_n be_v very_o useful_a by_o its_o mixtion_n with_o such_o stuff_n as_o be_v use_v for_o glaze_a and_o strengthen_v the_o outward_a and_o inward_a part_n of_o such_o earthen_a pot_n or_o vessel_n as_o be_v make_v for_o metal_n by_o make_v the_o matter_n stick_v the_o more_o close_a and_o firm_a and_o be_v itself_o destroy_v like_o many_o innocent_a man_n to_o make_v way_n for_o other_o l._n 2._o c._n 20._o s_o 6._o brass_n t._n ertz._n l._n ae_z and_o it_o be_v a_o great_a error_n that_o most_o writer_n run_v into_o by_o promiscuous_o give_v the_o title_n ae_z for_o both_o brass_n and_o copper_n as_o if_o they_o be_v the_o same_o metal_n whereas_o ae_z or_o brass_n be_v not_o a_o proper_a metal_n but_o compound_v of_o a_o metal_n viz._n cuprum_fw-la or_o copper_n and_o lapis_fw-la calaminaris_n or_o cadmiae_fw-la which_o be_v a_o mineral_n and_o from_o the_o mixture_n of_o these_o two_o brass_n be_v make_v as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o erckern_n lib._n 3._o c._n 28._o which_o in_o t._n be_v call_v galmay_n now_o there_o be_v of_o this_o calamin_a two_o sort_n natural_a as_o in_o the_o three_o book_n and_o artificial_a l._n 4._o c._n 8._o s_o 7._o make_v of_o the_o dregs_o of_o metal_n but_o the_o natural_a he_o say_v come_v from_o britain_n and_o indeed_o we_o have_v mountain_n of_o it_o especial_o in_o gloucestershire_n sommersetshire_n and_o notinghamshire_n but_o we_o let_v the_o calaminaris_n go_v for_o ballast_n into_o foreign_a part_n in_o very_o great_a quantity_n before_o it_o be_v wrought_v so_o as_o the_o best_a brass_n beyond_o sea_n be_v make_v of_o our_o stone_n rather_o than_o their_o own_o which_o deserve_v a_o further_a consideration_n and_o i_o remember_v about_o 30_o year_n since_o one_o demetrius_n a_o german_n do_v set_v up_o a_o brass-work_n in_o surry_n and_o with_o the_o expense_n of_o 6000_o pound_n as_o he_o tell_v i_o make_v it_o complete_a and_o to_o good_a profit_n but_o the_o foreign_a merchant_n join_v with_o some_o of_o we_o find_v way_n to_o bring_v he_o into_o suit_n and_o meet_v with_o no_o encouragement_n he_o be_v at_o last_o necessitate_v to_o submit_v the_o work_n to_o his_o own_o ruin_n and_o unspeakable_a prejudice_n to_o the_o kingdom_n in_o lose_v so_o beneficial_a a_o art_n have_v here_o both_o the_o best_a copper_n and_o calamine_n of_o any_o part_n of_o europe_n see_v stones_n and_o copper_n now_o whereas_o pliny_n cap._n 33._o speak_v of_o about_o 18_o several_a mine_n of_o brass_n we_o must_v not_o understand_v it_o as_o a_o specific_a metal_n though_o the_o word_n ae_z be_v vulgar_o apply_v to_o both_o but_o those_o mine_n be_v either_o copper_n mine_n capable_a of_o be_v make_v brass_n or_o so_o many_o several_a sort_n of_o lapis_fw-la cadmiae_fw-la or_o calamin_a from_o the_o composition_n of_o all_o which_o with_o copper_n brass_n be_v make_v more_o or_o less_o both_o in_o quantity_n and_o quality_n and_o this_o art_n of_o compose_v it_o be_v say_v by_o he_o to_o be_v first_o invent_v by_o cadmus_n a_o grecian_a contemporary_a with_o joshua_n in_o
who_o time_n the_o word_n brass_n be_v first_o mention_v in_o the_o sacred_a story_n exod._n 25._o 3._o and_o it_o be_v observable_a that_o though_o in_o the_o composition_n of_o brass_n there_o be_v more_o of_o the_o stone_n than_o of_o copper_n and_o that_o copper_n be_v a_o metal_n and_o that_o other_o a_o stone_n yet_o it_o take_v a_o new_a name_n of_o brass_n and_o not_o its_o own_o or_o of_o the_o metal_n copper_n and_o be_v thus_o make_v brass_n it_o be_v a_o imitator_n of_o gold_n both_o in_o colour_n and_o in_o many_o virtue_n and_o in_o such_o esteem_n that_o the_o roman_a treasurer_n be_v call_v tribuni_fw-la aerarij_fw-la rather_o than_o aurarii_n and_o camerarius_fw-la say_v that_o the_o egyptian_n long_o before_o the_o roman_n have_v so_o great_a veneration_n of_o brass_n that_o they_o make_v image_n of_o it_o and_o lay_v they_o in_o the_o grave_n of_o their_o king_n to_o preserve_v their_o body_n from_o putrefaction_n and_o to_o man_n of_o lesser_a quality_n they_o nail_v their_o dead_a body_n with_o many_o brass_n nail_n also_o virgil_n horace_n and_o homer_n be_v all_o full_a of_o their_o encomium_n on_o brass_n and_o therefore_o it_o may_v well_o have_v the_o honour_n of_o a_o seven_o metal_n though_o compound_v of_o a_o mineral_n now_o as_o the_o common_a brass_n be_v of_o a_o goldish_a colour_n so_o pliny_n l._n 34._o c._n 11._o tell_v we_o of_o a_o white_a brass_n which_o be_v no_o other_o as_o i_o conceive_v than_o brass_n tind-ove_a and_o call_v latin_n or_o auricalcum_fw-la see_v latin_n brick_n a._n brick_n t._n gabachen-stein_a or_o a_o stone_n make_v by_o art_n l._n late_a a_o side_n because_o it_o be_v use_v both_o to_o outside_n and_o inside_n of_o building_n as_o ancient_a as_o the_o egyptian_o who_o force_v the_o israelite_n to_o make_v it_o the_o maker_n of_o it_o be_v call_v t._n bachen-strein-lin_a l._n laterculus_fw-la l._n 5._o c._n 7._o s_o 1._o brickle_n t._n zee_n bruch-lech_a l._n fragilis_fw-la and_o this_o we_o vulgar_o call_v brittle_a but_o doubtless_o it_o come_v from_o brick_n the_o nature_n of_o which_o be_v fragile_a or_o more_o easy_a to_o be_v break_v in_o piece_n and_o so_o make_v into_o powder_n which_o both_o whole_a and_o in_o powder_n as_o those_o from_o tile_n be_v use_v by_o assayer_n l._n 1._o c._n 32._o s_o 3._o l._n 2._o c._n 44._o s_o 2._o etc._n etc._n brimstone_n see_v bitumen_n sulphur_n l._n 1._o c._n 16._o s_o 1._o thence_o bitumenous_a sulphureous_a britain_n see_v mine_n and_o mineral_n country_n l._n 3._o c._n 28._o s_o 5._o broom_n t._n bassem_fw-la l._n scopa_n a._n besom_n and_o broom_n but_o i_o conceive_v this_o word_n be_v from_o the_o plant_n which_o we_o call_v broom_n t._n ginster_n l._n genista_fw-la of_o a_o flexible_a nature_n and_o so_o use_v to_o sweep_v room_n brown_a t._n braun_n l._n fuscus_n see_v colour_n brush_n t._n buer_v and_o yet_o to_o brush_v they_o say_v kethern_n l._n scopula_n and_o verricula_fw-la vestes_fw-la purgare_fw-la scopulis_fw-la sculpture_n 7._o bubble_v ein_fw-mi wasser_n blazon_n from_o t._n blass_n a_o bladder_n be_v but_o a_o more_o durable_a bubble_n l._n bulla_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 35._o s_o 7._o buck_n buck_v and_o up_o buck_v and_o to_o buck_n use_v often_o in_o the_o 2_o 3_o 4_o &_o 5_o book_n in_o the_o t._n be_v lawgen_o l._n lixivare_v from_o lixivium_n or_o lee_n see_v lee_n of_o ash_n but_o the_o italian_n call_v it_o bucato_n or_o wash_v from_o whence_o our_o word_n buck_n or_o proper_o buc_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o the_o male_a of_o a_o do_v be_v call_v also_o buck_n which_o may_v have_v its_o name_n too_o from_o bucceto_n from_o his_o frequent_a mingency_n piss_v or_o make_v water_n often_o than_o female_n and_o this_o word_n buck_v be_v apply_v often_o to_o those_o that_o be_v washer_n of_o the_o filth_n out_o of_o linen_n or_o clothes_n which_o the_o common_a people_n use_v to_o do_v with_o a_o piece_n of_o broad_a and_o thick_a wood_n which_o they_o call_v a_o clapper_n or_o bat-staff_n but_o for_o more_o expedition_n the_o fuller_n have_v invent_v mill_n with_o several_a stamp_n for_o their_o clothes_n which_o by_o the_o force_n of_o water_n do_v raise_v and_o let_v fall_v their_o stamp_n by_o which_o the_o fullers-earth_n with_o the_o water_n do_v make_v our_o clothes_n fit_a for_o use_v but_o whether_o the_o metallist_n do_v teach_v they_o that_o be_v i_o shall_v not_o inquire_v only_o the_o metalists_n which_o we_o converse_v with_o here_o have_v two_o way_n of_o buck_v or_o wash_v their_o oar_n from_o the_o dirt_n or_o earth_n about_o they_o one_o by_o a_o mill_n which_o they_o call_v a_o smelting-mill_n by_o which_o with_o the_o force_n of_o water_n certain_a stamp_n or_o hammer_n do_v beat_v and_o wash_v the_o oar_n and_o those_o worker_n be_v call_v smelter_n at_o the_o mill_n and_o after_o that_o there_o be_v other_o lesser_a bucking_n in_o mortar_n and_o tub_n to_o prepare_v the_o metal_n more_o free_a from_o rubbish_n for_o the_o melter_n see_v smelting_a melt_v and_o menstruum_fw-la burn_v of_o metal_n i._n e._n reduce_v they_o to_o ash_n or_o powder_n for_o use_n l._n 2._o c._n 2._o see_v ash_n calcination_n roast_v etc._n etc._n ca_n c_o ca_n cadmia_n see_v calaminaris_n cake_n t._n schiben_fw-ge or_o piece_n of_o metal_n melt_v into_o the_o form_n of_o cake_n l._n 3._o c._n 26._o by_o this_o word_n cake_n we_o must_v not_o understand_v such_o cake_n as_o in_o latin_a be_v call_v placenta_n from_fw-la placere_fw-la to_o please_v the_o palate_n by_o their_o several_a pleasant_a ingredient_n but_o here_o it_o relate_v only_o to_o the_o form_n of_o it_o sometime_o round_o and_o convex_a but_o most_o flat_a like_a piece_n of_o plate_n and_o therefore_o the_o refiner_n for_o distinction_n do_v call_v lead_n cast_v into_o a_o solid_a body_n sow_n and_o pig_n tin_n block_n and_o iron_n barrs_n but_o silver_n gold_n and_o copper_n so_o cast_v they_o call_v cake_n and_o copper_n sometime_o rose-cake_n or_o cupri_n rosa_n and_o though_o they_o be_v not_o edible_n or_o bear_v the_o name_n of_o placenta_n yet_o without_o money_n which_o be_v derive_v from_o those_o metal_a cake_n we_o can_v not_o have_v such_o thing_n as_o be_v placentious_a or_o please_a to_o we_o to_o calcine_v calcinate_v calcinize_v and_o calcination_n t._n calcineren_n l._n calcinare_a both_o language_n make_v it_o a_o compound_n of_o two_o word_n calx_fw-la for_o lime_n and_o ciner_fw-la ash_n which_o in_o a_o metallic_a sense_n be_v to_o reduce_v metal_n by_o fire_n to_o a_o friable_a or_o brickle_z temper_n like_o lime_n therefore_o lime_n be_v call_v only_o in_o latin_a calx_fw-la and_o we_o from_o the_o word_n call_v our_o limestone_n chalk_n which_o be_v burn_v we_o call_v lime_n and_o this_o burn_a we_o call_v slack_v according_a to_o the_o teut._n and_o before_o it_o be_v burn_v vnslackt_v unburnt_a or_o uncalcine_v lime_n and_o be_v burn_v or_o slack_v call_v also_o calx_fw-la viva_fw-la which_o be_v oft_o mention_v by_o our_o author_n and_o a._n quicklime_n or_o that_o which_o have_v by_o fire_n as_o it_o be_v a_o additional_a life_n for_o metal_n seem_v to_o be_v dead_a in_o their_o oar_n but_o by_o this_o calcination_n revive_v to_o hint_n to_o we_o the_o advantage_n of_o our_o resurrection_n by_o the_o general_a conflagration_n it_o be_v true_a there_o be_v other_o way_n of_o calcination_n especial_o of_o metal_n viz._n by_o corrosion_n immersion_n amalgamation_n cementation_n fumigation_n and_o illination_n see_v salmon_n yet_o none_o of_o these_o can_v be_v perform_v without_o fire_n but_o to_o return_v to_o the_o common_a lime_n as_o it_o be_v fit_v for_o the_o use_n of_o architecture_n it_o be_v mingle_v with_o water_n and_o sand_n and_o then_o call_v mortar_n and_o according_a as_o the_o lime_n and_o sand_n be_v in_o goodness_n so_o the_o structure_n by_o it_o be_v make_v more_o durable_a and_o therefore_o it_o be_v think_v that_o we_o have_v all_o our_o sand_n for_o our_o mortar_n with_o which_o our_o ancient_a church_n be_v build_v out_o of_o italy_n and_o the_o fort_n of_o plymouth_n build_v by_o his_o present_a majesty_n recompense_v my_o journey_n thither_o the_o graff_n of_o which_o be_v hew_v out_o of_o marble_n and_o the_o mortar_n also_o make_v of_o alcine_v marble_n and_o their_o sand_n which_o make_v that_o mortar_n as_o compact_a as_o the_o marble_n itself_o but_o what_o kind_n of_o sand_n or_o what_o proportion_n i_o do_v not_o then_o inquire_v now_o there_o be_v two_o word_n in_o l._n which_o pass_v under_o the_o same_o orthography_n viz._n calx_fw-la for_o lime_n and_o calx_fw-la for_o the_o heel_n of_o a_o man_n or_o end_n of_o a_o thing_n so_o as_o i_o may_v conceive_v that_o our_o metallick_n and_o artificial_a word_n calx_fw-la for_o lime_n be_v borrow_v of_o the_o natural_a
word_n calx_fw-la for_o heel_n because_o the_o calcine_v of_o metal_n do_v as_o it_o be_v determine_v its_o life_n for_o a_o better_a because_o those_o metal_n which_o lay_v dull_o in_o the_o earth_n before_o their_o calcination_n be_v by_o calcine_v and_o refine_v make_v more_o active_a and_o passable_a throughout_o the_o world_n calaminaris_n see_v brass_n and_o sculpt_v 35._o calify_v t._n warm_a werme_n l._n calefaccre_n a._n to_o make_v warm_a calx_fw-la see_v calcine_v caput_fw-la mortis_fw-la for_o brevity_n mort._n be_v the_o matter_n or_o sediment_n of_o metal_n or_o of_o other_o thing_n use_v in_o chemical_a dissolution_n which_o remain_v at_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o furnace_n or_o stillatory_n thick_a and_o dry_a chief_o from_o metal_n and_o mineral_n viz._n when_o all_o their_o spirituous_a part_n be_v draw_v off_o the_o remainder_n be_v call_v caput_fw-la mort._n or_o fece_n see_v fece_n carrot_fw-la signify_v a_o weight_n be_v a_o french_a and_o italian_a word_n much_o use_v by_o our_o author_n in_o his_o second_o book_n and_o it_o seem_v to_o come_v from_o the_o arabian_a kirat_n see_v holioak_n but_o cotgrave_n say_v that_o goldsmith_n and_o minter_n esteem_v it_o at_o a_o three_o part_n of_o a_o ounce_n and_o among_o jeweller_n and_o precious_a stone-cutter_n but_o the_o 19_o part_n of_o a_o ounce_n so_o as_o eight_o of_o they_o be_v but_o one_o sterling_a and_o a_o sterling_a be_v the_o 24_o the_o part_n of_o a_o ounce_n and_o 3_o grain_n of_o assize_n or_o 4_o grain_n of_o diamond_n weight_n make_v a_o carrot_fw-la torriano_n addition_n to_o florio_n call_v it_o carrato_n signify_v say_v he_o a_o weight_n or_o degree_n in_o metal_n diamond_n ruby_n etc._n etc._n and_o do_v not_o determine_v it_o but_o mr._n howel_n in_o his_o ingenious_a tetraglotton_n sect_n 40._o proportion_v it_o to_o the_o 24_o part_n of_o a_o ounce_n and_o mr._n webster_n in_o his_o history_n of_o metal_n speak_v more_o clear_o and_o say_v the_o carrot_fw-la or_o charrat_fw-la be_v a_o term_n give_v by_o the_o officer_n of_o the_o mint_n and_o warden_n of_o goldsmith_n to_o a_o certain_a composition_n of_o weight_n that_o be_v only_o use_v for_o assay_v and_o compute_v the_o standard_n of_o gold_n and_o be_v of_o two_o content_n namely_o either_o the_o 24_o part_n of_o a_o ounce_n troy-weight_n and_o be_v compound_v thus_o of_o the_o pound_n carrat_n 2_o d._n weight_n and_o 12_o grain_n troy_n make_v a_o carrot_fw-la grain_n and_o 4_o such_o carrot_fw-la grain_n make_v one_o carat_n which_o be_v half_a a_o ounce_n or_o 10_o d._n weight_n troy_n and_o 24_o of_o such_o carat_n make_v a_o pound_n or_o 12_o ounce_n troy_n the_o other_o way_n of_o computation_n be_v of_o a_o ounce_n carat_n five_o troy_n grain_n make_v one_o carat_n grain_n and_o four_o of_o such_o grain_n make_v one_o carat_n and_o 24_o such_o carat_n make_v one_o ounce_n troy_n and_o for_o assay_v he_o recommend_v the_o ounce_n carat_n as_o more_o easy_a for_o calculation_n than_o the_o pound_n carot_n which_o be_v make_v more_o perspicuous_a by_o our_o author_n l._n 2._o c._n 15._o see_v money_n gold-weight_n case_n t._n gehavesz_n or_o a_o little_a house_n l._n capsula_fw-la a._n case_n it_o be_v of_o various_a signification_n as_o a_o grammatical_a legal_a formal_a and_o sometime_o put_v for_o a_o ill_a chance_n or_o hard_a case_n see_v sculpture_n 1_o 5_o 12_o 13._o catsilver_n t._n kat-zon_a silver_n because_o it_o have_v a_o grey_a sparkle_a colour_n like_o a_o cats-eye_n cement_n cement_n and_o cementation_n t._n cementerne_n l._n coementum_fw-la not_o from_o caedo_fw-la to_o beat_v as_o minshaw_n will_v have_v it_o but_o caementum_fw-la be_v quasi_fw-la mens_fw-la coeli_fw-la i._n e._n the_o mind_n of_o heaven_n to_o unite_v thing_n separate_v especial_o when_o they_o consist_v of_o one_o species_n and_o it_o may_v well_o be_v observe_v in_o the_o vicissicute_a of_o the_o thing_n in_o the_o world_n that_o the_o whole_a labour_n of_o man_n and_o nature_n seem_v to_o be_v almost_o nothing_o else_o but_o to_o separate_v what_o be_v unite_v and_o to_o unite_v thing_n that_o be_v separate_v and_o this_o not_o only_o see_v in_o our_o operation_n upon_o metal_n but_o in_o the_o action_n of_o bumane_a affair_n yet_o to_o pass_v they_o by_o this_o cementation_n of_o metal_n be_v proper_o a_o gradual_a imbody_v or_o unite_n of_o metal_n first_o separate_v and_o this_o by_o a_o gentle_a fire_n as_o in_o lib._n 1_o 2_o and_o 3_o book_n wherein_o there_o be_v several_a magisterial_a direction_n and_o in_o other_o case_n it_o be_v proper_o call_v a_o conglutination_n or_o glew_v together_o see_v conglutinate_v centner_n t._n centre_n &_o centner_n l._n centum_fw-la at_o the_o mine_n it_o signify_v a_o hundred_o and_o ten_o pound_n weight_n but_o at_o the_o mint_n just_o a_o hundred_o pound_n whereby_o the_o miner_n may_v get_v 10_o l._n towards_o his_o charge_n see_v lib._n 1_o cap._n 9_o but_o in_o lib._n 1._o cap._n 37._o and_o in_o many_o part_n of_o the_o five_o book_n it_o be_v consider_v only_o as_o a_o small_a assay-weight_n for_o try_v how_o much_o a_o little_a part_n of_o a_o hundred_o weight_n do_v hold_v of_o gold_n silver_n etc._n etc._n whereby_o as_o ex_fw-la ungue_fw-la leonis_fw-la the_o whole_a proportion_n of_o the_o lion_n may_v be_v know_v from_o its_o claw_n so_o by_o the_o small_a assay-weight_n the_o goodness_n of_o the_o whole_a piece_n may_v also_o be_v estimate_v be_v it_o a_o centner_n or_o half_a a_o centner_n etc._n etc._n and_o this_o show_v the_o skill_n of_o a_o asay_n er_fw-mi in_o the_o skilful_a use_n of_o arithmetic_n ceruse_n t._n bleywiesse_n l._n cerussa_fw-la a._n white_a lead_n the_o best_a be_v make_v of_o lead_n calcine_v with_o the_o vapour_n of_o vinegar_n but_o the_o common_a way_n be_v by_o urine_n crystal_n t._n keistal_n l._n christalus_n and_o christalum_n there_o be_v natural_a and_o artificial_a the_o natural_a be_v aqua_n quae_fw-la frigore_fw-la in_o glaciem_fw-la concressit_fw-la that_o be_v congeal_v or_o petrefied_a ice_n diodorus_n sic._n and_o boetius_fw-la be_v of_o a_o contrary_a opinion_n and_o say_v it_o be_v the_o pure_a earth_n dissolve_v by_o water_n and_o for_o want_v of_o water_n congeal_v to_o the_o christal-stone_n it_o be_v find_v about_o the_o alps_o and_o in_o many_o part_n of_o germany_n hungary_n france_n etc._n etc._n and_o captain_n ant._n langston_n my_o good_a friend_n who_o have_v travel_v about_o 300_o mile_n into_o the_o continent_n of_o virginia_n do_v assure_v i_o that_o he_o see_v there_o several_a mountain_n of_o clear_a and_o shine_a crystal_n he_o die_v about_o a_o year_n since_o and_o be_v a_o very_a credible_a person_n whilst_o he_o live_v now_o the_o artificial_a crystal_n be_v make_v by_o chemistry_n and_o be_v a_o peculiar_a part_n of_o that_o science_n call_v christalization_n that_o be_v make_v thing_n like_o crystal_n viz._n crystal_n of_o silver_n tin_n antimony_n etc._n etc._n see_v petrefaction_n and_o stone_n chemistry_n see_v alchemy_n and_o alchemist_n but_o i_o have_v something_o more_o to_o say_v to_o they_o for_o i_o find_v that_o the_o chemist_n have_v another_o name_n and_o be_v call_v spagirus_fw-la and_o chemistry_n ars_fw-la spagerica_fw-la signify_v to_o fine_a and_o refine_v metal_n and_o therefore_o i_o have_v think_v fit_a to_o put_v the_o word_n spagericae_n leges_fw-la as_o the_o title_n to_o this_o whole_a treatise_n instead_o of_o leges_fw-la chymicae_fw-la this_o latter_a being_n more_o common_o use_v than_o the_o other_o nor_o do_v i_o wave_v the_o word_n alchemy_n or_o alchemist_n because_o it_o be_v sometime_o take_v in_o a_o ill_a sense_n for_o in_o the_o best_a and_o true_a sense_n by_o the_o addition_n of_o all_z which_o word_n in_o all_o language_n signify_v omnia_fw-la so_o as_o by_o addition_n of_o all_o we_o be_v to_o understand_v that_o chemistry_n do_v comprehend_v all_o science_n and_o mechanic_n art_n and_o trade_n even_o from_o the_o cobbler_n awl_n t._n aal_n and_o belgic_a elsen_n to_o the_o astronomer_n astrolabe_n for_o nothing_o can_v be_v perform_v without_o some_o metalick_a instrument_n cinabar_fw-la t._n zenobe_a or_o l._n 1._o c._n 2._o s_o 5._o bergennover_n l._n cinnabaris_fw-la which_o in_o english_a we_o call_v natural_a vermilion_n for_o of_o this_o cinnabar_fw-la there_o be_v two_o sort_n natural_a which_o be_v a_o hard_a red_a and_o heavy_a stone_n find_v in_o mine_n or_o artificial_a which_o be_v better_o colour_a make_v of_o calcine_v sulphur_n and_o quicksilver_n which_o we_o now_o use_v with_o metal_n but_o it_o be_v vulgar_o call_v ruddle_n or_o marken_v stone_n and_o sinople_n or_o red_a lead_n the_o first_o also_o of_o these_o two_o be_v natural_a and_o the_o other_o artificial_a but_o i_o conceive_v our_o author_n intend_v none_o of_o these_o latter_a but_o the_o former_a or_o one_o of_o they_o pliny_n n._n h._n l._n 33._o
when_o it_o be_v make_v of_o iron_n it_o be_v call_v crocus_n martis_n or_o of_o copper_n crocus_n veneris_n because_o it_o be_v the_o powder_n of_o those_o metal_n of_o iron_n and_o copper_n which_o be_v dedicate_v to_o the_o planet_n mars_n and_o venus_n and_o sometime_o be_v make_v of_o mix_a metal_n and_o then_o call_v crocus_n metallorum_fw-la and_o be_v often_o mention_v by_o our_o author_n creizer_n l._n 2._o c._n 2._o t._n kreutzer_n from_o kreutx_n or_o a_o little_a cross_n stamp_v upon_o it_o and_o be_v so_o small_a a_o piece_n that_o it_o be_v account_v but_o the_o 92_o part_n of_o a_o hungarian_a gilder_n which_o be_v about_o 30_o penny_n of_o our_o silver_n but_o h._n vaughan_n in_o his_o book_n of_o coinage_n make_v six_o sort_n beside_o the_o hungarian_a see_v weight_n crucible_n t._n tiegel_n i_o find_v no_o proper_a latin_a word_n for_o it_o but_o it_o may_v go_v under_o the_o word_n phiala_n for_o a_o cruise_n or_o a_o pot_n and_o this_o crucible_n be_v a_o diminutive_a of_o cruise_n or_o pot_n less_o than_o a_o cruise_n but_o of_o different_a shape_n and_o this_o be_v use_v for_o dissolve_v of_o small_a piece_n of_o metal_n for_o assay_v as_o other_o be_v for_o other_o use_v call_v cruise_n see_v pot_n culb_n t._n krug_n which_o be_v a_o common_a name_n for_o all_o cubical_a pot_n but_o we_o call_v it_o culb_n from_o the_o particular_a form_n of_o it_o i_o suppose_v because_o it_o incline_v to_o a_o cubical_a shape_n see_v sculpture_n de_fw-fr d_o diego_n dead_a t._n todt_fw-ge todter_n from_o whence_o we_o have_v our_o word_n tclod_v or_o clod_n and_o gesterbeu_n l._n mortuus_fw-la defunctus_fw-la see_v dissolution_n declination_n t._n nidersichbiegn_n l._n deorsum_fw-la se_fw-la flectere_fw-la and_o be_v almost_o the_o same_o with_o precipitation_n for_o which_o gramarian_n use_v the_o word_n declination_n declension_n or_o go_v from_o one_o case_n to_o another_o and_o in_o the_o vulgar_a sense_n a_o man_n be_v say_v to_o decline_v in_o his_o fortune_n when_o he_o fall_v from_o prosperity_n to_o adversity_n but_o in_o the_o metalick_a sense_n it_o it_o to_o fall_v from_o the_o top_n to_o the_o bottom_n by_o which_o mean_v the_o metal_n be_v better_a than_o when_o it_o be_v at_o the_o top_n and_o it_o be_v often_o see_v that_o adversity_n make_v man_n better_a and_o of_o more_o use_n as_o metal_n be_v by_o be_v cast_v down_o a_o phrase_n often_o use_v in_o this_o book_n see_v precipitation_n deft_a l._n 1._o etc._n etc._n a_o english_a saxon_a word_n therefore_o i_o retain_v it_o signify_v fair_a clean_o neat_a quasi_fw-la sine_fw-la defectu_fw-la or_o without_o defect_n on_o the_o contrary_a undeft_n be_v unclean_a etc._n etc._n skinner_n delineate_v l._n 2._o or_o to_o describe_v a_o thing_n by_o certain_a line_n or_o figure_n diameter_n l._n 1._o be_v a_o certain_a straight_a line_n draw_v through_o the_o centre_n of_o a_o figure_n and_o of_o both_o side_n bound_v in_o the_o compass_n of_o it_o cut_v or_o divide_v the_o figure_n into_o two_o equal_a part_n dish_n l._n 1._o etc._n etc._n t._n schueffel_n l._n discus_fw-la a._n dish_n and_o these_o be_v of_o various_a sort_n and_o shape_n but_o the_o most_o useful_a about_o metal_n be_v make_v of_o pewter_n iron_n or_o clay_n for_o i_o do_v not_o here_o write_v of_o epicurean_a dish_n but_o of_o dish_n or_o bowl_n that_o be_v certain_a measure_n in_o mine_n which_o be_v fill_v with_o oar_n by_o the_o labour_n of_o the_o miner_n whereof_o a_o certain_a number_n be_v pay_v as_o a_o duty_n to_o the_o king_n other_o as_o a_o duty_n to_o the_o church_n and_o the_o rest_n to_o the_o proprietor_n and_o according_a to_o the_o number_n of_o dish_n deliver_v so_o the_o miner_n be_v pay_v and_o then_o they_o may_v eat_v the_o fruit_n of_o their_o labour_n in_o other_o dish_n see_v utensil_n and_o warden_n dissolve_v l._n 2._o etc._n etc._n that_o be_v a_o metal_n easy_a to_o be_v loose_v from_o such_o other_o metal_n as_o be_v fix_v or_o intermix_v and_o thence_o death_n be_v call_v a_o dissolution_n when_o the_o soul_n be_v loosen_v from_o its_o terrestral_a part_n and_o become_v a_o celestial_a metal_n and_o from_o hence_o the_o word_n dead_a be_v oft_o use_v in_o erckern_n distillation_n l._n 2._o etc._n etc._n be_v a_o draw_v of_o a_o liquor_n make_v thin_a with_o heat_n into_o a_o receiver_n by_o alembic_n retort_v etc._n etc._n and_o be_v mention_v by_o our_o author_n though_o of_o little_a use_n to_o refiner_n who_o deal_v with_o hot_a fire_n and_o hard_a substance_n dragon_n blood_n l._n sanguis_fw-la draconis_fw-la l._n 2._o c._n 13._o our_o author_n use_v it_o for_o luting_n dr._n salmon_n say_v it_o be_v the_o product_n of_o a_o tree_n red_a like_o blood_n or_o the_o colour_n of_o a_o dragon_n and_o come_v to_o we_o from_o america_n and_o by_o boil_v condensated_a but_o pliny_n l._n 36._o c._n 7._o say_v that_o the_o indian_n make_v it_o of_o the_o substance_n of_o a_o dragon_n crush_v and_o squieze_v with_o the_o weight_n of_o a_o elephant_n fall_v upon_o a_o dragon_n that_o have_v suck_v he_o to_o death_n whereby_o the_o dragon_n and_o elephant_n blood_n be_v mingle_v together_o and_o of_o this_o the_o indian_n make_v a_o colour_n like_o cinnabar_fw-la so_o as_o though_o they_o bear_v one_o name_n they_o be_v of_o different_a nature_n and_o which_o it_o be_v that_o erckern_n mean_n i_o leave_v it_o to_o other_o for_o the_o blood_n of_o the_o ox_n etc._n etc._n we_o see_v in_o other_o of_o his_o experiment_n be_v use_v in_o lute_v and_o cement_v there_o be_v also_o a_o herb_n grow_v plentiful_o in_o england_n call_v dragon_n blood_n which_o be_v much_o use_v to_o thing_fw-mi colour_n and_o have_v a_o restringent_a quality_n and_o so_o may_v be_v use_v with_o clay_n in_o luting_n dram_n l._n 1._o etc._n etc._n t._n quintlein_n l._n drachma_n see_v weight_n dregs_o t._n trussen_n vapfen_v l._n faex_fw-la from_o whence_o we_o use_v the_o word_n fece_n drive_a or_o drive_v t._n abtreiben_fw-ge l._n abigere_fw-la depellere_fw-la l._n 3._o c._n 25._o signify_v the_o force_n of_o metal_n to_o cast_v its_o dross_n upward_o as_o the_o fece_n downward_o l._n 3._o c._n 25._o &_o 26._o and_o in_o many_o other_o place_n use_v dross_n t._n treusen_n l._n faex_fw-la a._n the_o scum_n of_o metal_n see_v dregs_n fece_n scorias_fw-la lees_n slack_v etc._n etc._n so_o it_o seem_v dregs_o be_v the_o purge_n or_o settlement_n at_o the_o bottom_n of_o melt_a metal_n and_o dross_n the_o vomit_v the_o crude_a matter_n upward_o dry_v t._n abdoerren_n and_o treigen_n maken_v l._n siccare_fw-la l._n 3._o c._n 26._o see_v oven_n duccates_n see_v money_n duke_z gold_n see_v money_n dulcification_n t._n susz_n l._n dulcis_fw-la or_o reduce_v the_o ill_a taste_n or_o scent_n of_o metal_n to_o sweet_a and_o please_a and_o thence_o the_o powder_n often_o be_v call_v both_o sugar_n and_o salt_n as_o they_o be_v different_a by_o extraction_n and_o the_o perfume_a of_o they_o call_v hedichra_n and_o these_o be_v disperse_v in_o our_o author_n and_o be_v call_v saccharia_n auri_fw-la or_o the_o sugar_n of_o gold_n dung_n t._n tingen_n l._n sturcus_n and_o of_o these_o horse-dung_n and_o ox-dung_n and_o some_o other_o dung_n be_v a_o chief_a ingredient_n to_o luting_n use_v by_o our_o author_n l._n 2._o c._n 20._o etc._n etc._n and_o the_o dung_n of_o creature_n be_v not_o only_o use_v in_o this_o art_n but_o in_o almost_o all_o other_o art_n and_o science_n by_o chemist_n call_v ignis_fw-la sapientum_fw-la or_o the_o wise-man_n fire_n howel_n and_o though_o it_o be_v in_o contempt_n among_o lady_n and_o the_o less_o learned_a inquirer_n into_o nature_n yet_o certain_o the_o heathen_n have_v they_o in_o such_o veneration_n that_o they_o sacrifice_v to_o most_o of_o their_o idol_n god_n upon_o the_o account_n of_o stercorary_a virtue_n in_o they_o and_o therefore_o the_o translator_n of_o our_o bible_n into_o latin_a instead_o of_o idol_n call_v they_o dij_fw-la stercorarij_fw-la junius_n and_o trem._n of_o which_o i_o apprehend_v this_o reason_n viz._n that_o the_o several_a use_n which_o they_o make_v of_o dung_n either_o for_o medicine_n or_o manure_v their_o ground_n may_v be_v propitious_a to_o they_o and_o i_o have_v read_v it_o from_o some_o traveller_n of_o note_n that_o among_o the_o indian_n it_o be_v usual_a that_o when_o they_o intend_v homage_n to_o their_o superior_n or_o welcome_a to_o their_o friend_n they_o do_v evacuate_v their_o dung_n into_o their_o hand_n and_o so_o daub_v it_o on_o the_o face_n of_o who_o they_o intend_v to_o honour_n or_o pleasure_n and_o be_v ever_o accept_v by_o they_o as_o the_o first_o and_o best_a of_o their_o welcome_v ceremony_n for_o agricola_n tell_v we_o of_o mans-dung_n make_v as_o sweet_a as_o civit._n but_o to_o return_v near_a
sculpture_n xlii_o loam_n see_v clay_n loath_a see_v money_n lump_n l._n 1._o c._n 4._o teut._n klumpen_a l._n massa_n or_o a_o piece_n of_o any_o thing_n compose_v of_o hard_a and_o moist_a mix_v as_o clay_n etc._n etc._n but_o in_o a_o mixture_n of_o metal_n it_o be_v call_v bolus_n and_o in_o mixture_n of_o light_a earth_n gleba_fw-la and_o we_o also_o call_v a_o fish_n which_o be_v common_a in_o our_o market_n a_o lump_n in_o respect_n of_o its_o form_n close_o and_o compact_v without_o a_o regular_a shape_n and_o the_o word_n may_v well_o come_v from_o lumbus_fw-la or_o lumbricus_fw-la by_o change_v b_o into_o p_o which_o two_o letter_n differ_v not_o in_o their_o labial_a utterance_n but_o by_o the_o addition_n of_o some_o other_o consonant_a or_o vowel_n also_o lumbus_fw-la be_v proper_o a_o storehouse_n for_o refuse_v metal_n or_o lump_n of_o metal_n and_o for_o other_o ware_n lute_n lute_v the_o teut._n call_v it_o laum_v the_o l._n lutum_fw-la and_o they_o have_v a_o word_n 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cambden_n express_v his_o civility_n where_o we_o see_v a_o large_a hole_n in_o the_o bottom_n of_o a_o steep_a hill_n on_o the_o top_n of_o which_o stand_v a_o ancient_a decay_a castle_n of_o which_o you_o may_v read_v more_o in_o his_o britania_n we_o have_v candle_n and_o see_v as_o much_o as_o we_o can_v till_o we_o be_v hinder_v by_o run_a stream_n now_o of_o these_o two_o holes_n there_o be_v many_o fabulous_a story_n but_o some_o year_n after_o upon_o view_v other_o mine_n and_o their_o shaft_n and_o audit_n to_o they_o i_o apprehend_v that_o this_o eldon-hole_n be_v a_o ancient_a shaft_n make_v in_o the_o roman_n time_n to_o a_o mine_n and_o that_o the_o devil_n arse_n be_v the_o mouth_n of_o a_o audit_n to_o that_o mine_n and_o i_o be_o the_o rather_o of_o that_o opinion_n because_o i_o conceive_v that_o the_o level_n of_o the_o water_n which_o stop_v our_o further_a passage_n into_o that_o audit_n arse_n or_o fundament_n of_o the_o mine_n be_v level_a with_o the_o water_n 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for_o a_o castle_n and_o probable_o this_o castle_n be_v original_o build_v to_o protect_v the_o treasure_n which_o come_v out_o of_o the_o hole_n under_o it_o or_o to_o keep_v the_o miner_n in_o awe_n there_o be_v the_o like_a castle_n at_o the_o roman_a mine_n on_o the_o darren_n hill_n in_o wales_n and_o possible_o the_o governor_n of_o it_o be_v severe_a in_o his_o duty_n the_o vulgar_a as_o they_o be_v apt_a to_o do_v in_o any_o regular_a government_n may_v call_v he_o and_o it_o diaboli_fw-la arx_n and_o since_o opprobrious_o the_o devil_n arse_n but_o i_o have_v say_v enough_o as_o a_o apology_n for_o the_o word_n and_o for_o my_o opinion_n therein_o i_o conceive_v they_o be_v not_o so_o fabulous_a as_o those_o which_o be_v tell_v in_o the_o country_n about_o these_o two_o holes_n here_o my_o friend_n interrupt_v i_o and_o ask_v how_o eldon_n hole_n from_o the_o usual_a proportion_n of_o a_o shaft_n come_v to_o be_v so_o large_a as_o i_o describe_v it_o i_o answer_v that_o 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to_o my_o friend_n i_o have_v give_v you_o a_o account_n of_o several_a link_n of_o this_o chain_n which_o guide_v i_o into_o this_o labyrinth_n of_o metal_n but_o to_o get_v out_o of_o it_o that_o which_o i_o aim_v at_o be_v to_o write_v a_o little_a more_o of_o their_o product_n and_o to_o offer_v some_o expedient_a how_o the_o mine_n may_v be_v make_v more_o profitable_a to_o his_o majesty_n and_o to_o other_o proprietor_n with_o some_o advantage_n to_o the_o society_n which_o god_n willing_a i_o shall_v perform_v in_o due_a time_n and_o then_o we_o part_v he_o wish_v i_o good_a success_n to_o my_o endeavour_n and_o so_o i_o go_v on_o where_o i_o leave_v namely_o to_o acquaint_v the_o reader_n that_o erckern_n do_v tell_v we_o of_o several_a mine_n in_o germany_n p._n 28._o especial_o in_o austria_n p._n 285._o bohemia_n belgia_n flanders_n p._n 170._o hungary_n p._n 103._o and_o saxony_n p._n 77._o he_o also_o mention_n the_o particular_a city_n and_o village_n to_o which_o they_o belong_v and_o where_o they_o be_v refine_v viz._n at_o brussells_n p._n 170._o cracow_n p._n 208._o cuttenburgh_n p._n 142._o friburgh_n p._n 6._o galmay_v p._n 285._o goslar_n p._n 78._o hessen_v p._n 285._o holland_n p._n 170._o joakims-valley_n p._n 34_o islenburgh_n p._n 285._o caufingen_fw-mi p._n 285._o knien_n p._n 100_o where_o he_o say_v the_o mine_n contain_v good_a duke-gold_n lick-bete_a manhren_n p._n 4._o meichsen_n p._n 4._o misâ—ia_n p._n 6._o norimberg_n p._n 86._o saxen_a p._n 4._o schwath_n slackenward_n p_o 83._o shesron_n p._n 4._o sorath_n suevia_n p._n 285._o and_o suabem_fw-la tyrol_n p._n 285._o villach_n and_o waldenburg_n and_o many_o other_o place_n which_o he_o and_o geographer_n do_v mention_v see_v heylen_n and_o therefore_o i_o think_v fit_a also_o to_o mention_v the_o county_n of_o england_n &_o wales_n wherein_o royal_a mine_n have_v be_v discover_v to_o we_o viz._n in_o bedforshire_n cheshire_n cornwall_n cumberland_n darbyshire_n devonshire_n dorsetshire_n durham_n essex_n glocestershire_n hereford-shire_n kent_n lancashire_n monmothshire_n notinghamshire_n northumberland_n rutland-shire_n shropshire_n somersetshire_n staffordshire_n sussex_n warwickshire_n westmoreland_n worcestershire_n yorkshire_n and_o in_o all_o the_o twelve_o county_n of_o wales_n so_o as_o of_o the_o 52_o county_n there_o be_v 38_o of_o they_o metallick_n counties_n but_o in_o many_o of_o the_o rest_n viz._n berkshire_n buckinghamshire_n cambridgshire_n hampshire_n hartfordshire_n huntingtonshire_n leicestershire_n lincolnshire_n middlesex_n norfolk_n northamptonshire_n oxfordshire_n suffolk_n surry_n wiltshire_n there_o be_v good_a mineral_n but_o in_o some_o of_o they_o neither_o metal_n mineral_n or_o good_a quarry_n and_o yet_o they_o be_v recompense_v some_o other_o way_n now_o though_o germany_n
mackerel_n and_o differ_v only_o by_o have_v a_o snout_n of_o about_o 12_o inch_n in_o length_n be_v a_o firm_a bone_n in_o the_o shape_n of_o a_o needle_n now_o whether_o this_o be_v one_o of_o the_o needle_n fish_n mention_v by_o pliny_n l._n 32._o and_o call_v acicula_fw-la and_o one_o of_o the_o 176_o sort_n of_o fish_n which_o he_o there_o enumerate_v or_o the_o acus_fw-la aristotelis_fw-la or_o the_o acus_fw-la opiani_n mention_v by_o jonston_n lib._n de_fw-fr piscibus_fw-la i_o can_v say_v but_o cooper_n from_o pliny_n yet_o i_o find_v it_o not_o in_o pliny_n describe_v it_o just_a like_o the_o suffolk_n fish_n acus_fw-la say_v he_o be_v a_o fish_n long_o small_a and_o smooth_a on_o the_o back_o colour_a as_o it_o be_v with_o green_a and_o blue_a his_o beak_n long_o and_o sharp_a and_o make_v this_o of_o the_o masculine_a gender_n and_o we_o call_v it_o the_o needle_n fish_n acus_fw-la also_o sometime_o signify_v a_o order_n in_o battle_n and_o so_o call_v acus_fw-la belli_fw-la when_o they_o be_v at_o point_n of_o fight_v acus_fw-la also_o signify_v the_o spiral_n part_n of_o wheat_n oates_n barley_n etc._n etc._n be_v like_o so_o many_o needle_n and_o not_o chaff_n as_o most_o dictionary_n have_v it_o and_o there_o be_v a_o herb_n call_v acus_fw-la pastoris_fw-la or_o acus_fw-la moschata_fw-la be_v full_a of_o prickle_n like_o needle_n but_o vulgar_o it_o be_v call_v venus_n comb_n or_o charnel_n the_o chief_a virtue_n of_o which_o be_v to_o provoke_v lust_n and_o so_o may_v be_v call_v acus_fw-la libidinis_fw-la there_o be_v many_o other_o instrument_n of_o this_o name_n needle_n which_o be_v use_v by_o carpenter_n to_o cripple_n grapple_v or_o join_v house_n together_o and_o thatcher_n needle_n to_o thatch_n withal_o etc._n etc._n but_o the_o chief_a application_n of_o this_o word_n needle_n be_v in_o navigation_n and_o there_o call_v acus_fw-la navigatoria_n or_o the_o mariner_n needle_n or_o compass_n in_o respect_n that_o he_o compass_v the_o sea_n by_o the_o virtue_n which_o it_o borrow_v from_o the_o loadstone_n of_o which_o i_o have_v speak_v at_o large_a and_o be_v of_o such_o a_o transcendent_a nature_n that_o which_o way_n soever_o the_o ship_n move_v still_o the_o head_n of_o the_o needle_n fix_v itself_o to_o the_o north_n and_o the_o other_o point_n to_o the_o south_n and_o this_o admirable_a instrument_n have_v no_o other_o title_n in_o our_o language_n than_o needle_n i_o hope_v that_o none_o that_o shall_v read_v this_o long_a discourse_n of_o needle_n will_v think_v it_o needless_a but_o it_o be_v from_o erckern_n touch-needle_n which_o he_o call_v streith_n nadelen_n and_o agricola_n de_fw-fr re_fw-mi metallica_fw-la call_v they_o sometime_o gold_n or_o silver_n or_o copper_n needle_n by_o the_o touch_n of_o which_o the_o worth_n of_o each_o metal_n may_v be_v know_v and_o they_o differ_v in_o the_o make_n form_v and_o shape_a of_o they_o as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o sculpture_n 8._o &_o 18_o and_o in_o g._n agricola_n p._n 199._o which_o show_v they_o in_o a_o acular_a or_o needle_n form_n now_o there_o be_v great_a trouble_n and_o nicety_n in_o make_v of_o they_o either_o way_n for_o indeed_o it_o be_v one_o of_o the_o most_o curious_a piece_n about_o the_o metallick_n chemistry_n therefore_o the_o chemist_n goldsmith_n or_o tryer_n of_o gold_n and_o silver_n to_o save_o trouble_n do_v make_v use_n of_o a_o touchstone_n be_v a_o kind_n of_o soft_a marble_n of_o which_o you_o may_v read_v more_o in_o stone_n i_o read_v but_o of_o one_o sort_n of_o needle_n more_o which_o cambden_n speak_v of_o in_o his_o britania_n p._n 700._o viz._n of_o a_o vault_n under_o the_o church_n of_o rippon_n where_o there_o be_v a_o little_a hole_n call_v st._n wilfred_n needle_n through_o which_o a_o virtuous_a woman_n may_v pass_v with_o ease_n but_o if_o she_o be_v otherwise_o dispose_v she_o do_v not_o pass_v but_o stay_v below_o to_o be_v try_v of_o what_o metal_n she_o be_v make_v nile_n or_o the_o river_n nilus_n see_v gold_n metal_n mine_n nitre_n a_o light_n ruddy_a yet_o white_a substance_n full_a of_o hole_n like_o a_o sponge_n and_o resemble_v common_a salt_n almost_o in_o colour_n but_o quick_a of_o taste_n and_o be_v mistake_v by_o some_o for_o salt-petre_n there_o be_v also_o a_o nitre_n which_o come_v out_o of_o africa_n of_o a_o purple_a colour_n but_o that_o which_o be_v now_o common_o sell_v to_o we_o for_o nitre_n be_v salt_n petre_n refine_v and_o candy_v and_o use_v sometime_o in_o stead_n of_o borax_n nosel_n see_v utensil_n number_n see_v arithmetic_n nut_n see_v measure_n oa_o o_o oa_o oar_n t._n irk_v a._n and_o saxon_n oar._n danes_n aare_z and_o aaure_n the_o l._n metallum_n crudum_fw-la skinner_n for_o i_o find_v no_o single_a word_n for_o it_o unless_o it_o be_v fodina_fw-la which_o may_v be_v apply_v to_o other_o dig_v thing_n but_o in_o our_o patent_n for_o the_o mine_n royal_a be_v write_v ewer_n which_o signify_v a_o place_n where_o water_n be_v for_o water_n always_o attend_v metal_n and_o from_o thence_o the_o ewre_n which_o be_v former_o make_v of_o silver_n to_o pour_v water_n into_o basin_n be_v call_v ewer_n and_o from_o thence_o come_v sewer_n or_o one_o that_o take_v care_n for_o draw_v of_o water_n where_o any_o land_n or_o place_n have_v more_o than_o be_v necessary_a but_o general_o in_o our_o language_n we_o call_v that_o which_o be_v dig_v from_o the_o bed_n of_o any_o metal_n oar_n as_o if_o one_o shall_v say_v o_o admirablilia_fw-la rerum_fw-la metallorum_fw-la for_o most_o of_o our_o monosyllable_n be_v but_o abstract_n of_o many_o word_n compact_v into_o one_o as_o may_v be_v see_v in_o sir_n edward_n coke_n instit_n and_o other_o learned_a etymologer_n also_o we_o usual_o call_v those_o oar_n wherewith_o waterman_n row_v their_o boat_n alude_v to_o the_o pain_n and_o labour_n which_o be_v use_v with_o the_o arm_n in_o both_o profession_n by_o digging_z and_o row_v there_o be_v also_o leimster-oar_n of_o which_o i_o have_v speak_v under_o the_o word_n flock_n but_o of_o the_o metallick_n oar_n there_o be_v as_o many_o sort_n of_o they_o as_o there_o be_v metal_n yet_o i_o find_v but_o four_o latin_a word_n and_o those_o compound_v viz._n balluca_n for_o gold_n oar_n pomphilix_n for_o copper_n or_o brass_n oar_n stricturae_n for_o iron_n oar_n and_o plumbago_n for_o lead_v oar_n holliack_n and_o therefore_o erckern_n sometime_o call_v the_o product_n of_o metal_n from_o the_o mine_n erk_n and_o oar_n and_o sometime_o stone_n goldt-stein_a for_o gold_n erk_n or_o oar_n silver-stein_a for_o silver_n erk_n or_o oar_n kupfer-stein_a for_o copper_n erk_fw-mi or_o oar_n bley-stein_a for_o lead_v erk_n or_o oar_n zein-stein_a for_o tin_n erk_fw-mi or_o oar_n speiz-stein_a for_o quicksilver_n erk_fw-mi or_o oar_n ein-stein_a for_o iron_n erk_n or_o oar_n slack-stein_a for_o steel_n erk_n or_o oar_n but_o i_o conceive_v that_o when_o he_o use_v the_o word_n erk_n it_o signify_v the_o oar_n join_v with_o the_o excrement_n and_o when_o stein_n it_o signify_v the_o entire_a metal_n separate_v from_o the_o first_o crude_a and_o heavy_a matter_n now_o the_o name_n that_o he_o give_v for_o distinction_n of_o oar_n be_v these_o as_o they_o be_v various_o disperse_v in_o his_o v._o book_n viz._n blent_n oar_n catsilver_n oar_n cobolt_n oar_n copper_n and_o coppery_n oar_n crude_a oar_n fleaky_a or_o flaky_a oar_n float_v oar_n fresh_a oar_n glassy_a oar_n glitter_v glister_a and_o glimmer_a oar_n gold_n and_o goldish_a oar_n also_o white_a red_z brown_a goldish_a oar_n grey_a flint_n call_v iron-man-oar_n and_o gross_a oar_n horny_a hard_a harsh_a oar_n lazure_n oar_n leadish_n or_o lead_v oar_n mild_a and_o muddy_a oar_n slate-stone_n oar_n silver_n silvery_n spady_n sparkle_a spelter_n spizy_n and_o sulphury_a oar_n also_o talk_v tinny_n oar_n wash_v and_o wolferan_v oar_n and_o many_o other_o which_o be_v disperse_v in_o several_a part_n of_o his_o v._o book_n and_o some_o of_o they_o discourse_v of_o here_o also_o in_o their_o alphabetical_a order_n especial_o where_o we_o retain_v the_o same_o apellation_n for_o the_o like_a oar_n to_o which_o the_o reader_n be_v refer_v orange_n orpiment_n see_v colour_n oven_n t._n offen_n l._n furnax_fw-la and_o the_o same_o word_n be_v use_v for_o furnace_n but_o kiln_n which_o be_v a_o kind_n of_o oven_n be_v call_v t._n calk_n and_o l._n calcaria_n and_o furnax_fw-la of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o these_o you_o may_v see_v in_o the_o sculpture_n in_o their_o proper_a page_n viz._n the_o athanor_n in_o page_n 2_o 123._o 161._o 172._o 177._o 185._o 207._o a_o wind_n furnace_n p._n 2._o 56._o 200._o a_o open_a furnace_n p._n 2._o a_o assay-oven_n use_v by_o the_o ancient_a refiner_n p._n 13._o a_o assay-oven_n use_v by_o the_o norimberger_n p._n 13._o a_o assay-oven_n make_v of_o
the_o vein_n of_o its_o body_n but_o of_o the_o nature_n of_o metallick_n vein_n g._n agricola_n give_v the_o most_o exact_a account_n venetian_a glass_n l._n 2._o c._n 16._o s_o 5._o t._n venidischem-glassz_a l._n vitrum_fw-la venetianum_fw-la from_o the_o city_n venice_n where_o erckern_n speak_v that_o the_o best_a glass_n for_o metallick_n use_v be_v make_v and_o probable_o so_o in_o his_o time_n but_o now_o that_o art_n in_o venice_n be_v think_v to_o be_v equal_v in_o england_n see_v glass_n verdigrease_n l._n 2._o c._n 27._o s_o 1._o t._n gruen-span_n a._n spanish_n green_a l._n aerugo_n or_o the_o rust_n of_o copper_n by_o hang_v plate_n of_o it_o over_o the_o fume_n of_o wine_n from_o whence_o a_o crocus_n will_v arise_v which_o we_o call_v verdigrease_n see_v brass_n copper_n and_o in_o colour_n blue_a green_n vial_n or_o glass_n bottle_n l._n 2._o c._n 30._o s_o 1._o t._n roelblein_n fiale_n and_o angster_n according_a to_o the_o proportion_n l._n phiala_n and_o ampulla_fw-la a._n vial_n to_o distinguish_v it_o from_o the_o musical_a instrument_n call_v viol_n vinegar_n l._n 1._o c._n 33._o s_o 1._o t._n essig_n l._n acetum_fw-la a._n vinegar_n now_o the_o various_a way_n of_o make_v and_o use_v it_o in_o metallick_n experiment_n may_v deserve_v a_o large_a discourse_n as_o be_v one_o of_o the_o great_a secret_n of_o nature_n vitriol_n l._n 2._o c._n 33_o etc._n etc._n t._n schuster-schwaeitz_a l._n vitriolum_fw-la and_o calcanthum_n which_o latter_a make_v a_o black_a colour_n now_o of_o vitriol_n there_o be_v many_o natural_a sort_n but_o the_o three_o chief_a be_v 1_o of_o a_o saphire_n colour_n which_o come_v from_o hungary_n and_o cyprus_n 2._o of_o a_o emeral_a or_o green_a colour_n from_o swethland_n and_o goslar_n often_o mention_v by_o erckern_n 3._o a_o white_a from_o denmark_n etc._n etc._n there_o be_v also_o a_o artificial_a vitriol_n make_v from_o copper_n or_o iron_n or_o both_o which_o be_v call_v roman_a vitriol_n or_o lapis_fw-la coelestibus_fw-la from_o its_o transcendent_a virtue_n of_o which_o beside_o what_o sir_n kenelm_n digby_n write_v i_o can_v add_v many_o from_o my_o own_o experiment_n but_o must_v refer_v they_o also_o to_o my_o intend_a essay_n on_o agricola_n see_v brass_n copper_n and_o in_o colour_n black_n ultramarine_n which_o the_o italian_n call_v azuro_fw-la ultramarino_fw-it and_o be_v a_o gem_n find_v in_o mine_n sometime_o call_v lapis_fw-la luzuli_fw-la often_o mention_v by_o erckern_n l._n 1._o c._n 2._o s_o 11_o etc._n etc._n and_o be_v of_o a_o pure_a blue_a and_o of_o which_o either_o consider_v as_o a_o gem_n oar_n or_o stone_n the_o italian_n do_v make_v a_o precious_a blue_n for_o painter_n sell_v beyond_o the_o price_n of_o gold_n volatile_a l._n 1._o c._n 10._o s_o 9_o t._n flutch-tigon_a l._n volatilis_fw-la which_o signify_v a_o bird_n holiock_n according_a to_o paracelsus_n it_o be_v use_v for_o any_o light_a matter_n either_o ascend_n from_o metal_n or_o other_o light_a substance_n see_v quicksilver_n upbuck_v l._n 4._o c._n 14._o signify_v some_o extraordinary_a wash_n of_o metal_n and_o so_o the_o word_n upboyl_v be_v more_o than_o ordinary_a boil_a urine_n l._n 2._o c._n 8._o s_o 2_o etc._n etc._n t_o dertlarne_v and_o bruntz_n l._n vrina_n from_o uro_fw-mi because_o it_o be_v of_o a_o scald_a and_o burn_a nature_n of_o great_a use_n about_o metal_n it_o be_v distil_v and_o extract_v by_o a_o natural_a heat_n and_o internal_a furnace_n in_o all_o creature_n by_o which_o natural_a extraction_n we_o learn_v the_o method_n of_o all_o salous_a production_n see_v salt_n etc._n etc._n utensil_n t._n brauchers_n l._n vtensillia_n a._n instrument_n useful_a tool_n or_o household_n necessary_n but_o i_o must_v refer_v those_o which_o be_v mention_v by_o erckern_n to_o the_o content_n of_o the_o sculpture_n place_v immediate_o before_o his_o first_o book_n where_o you_o will_v find_v most_o of_o they_o recite_v and_o refer_v to_o their_o page_n as_o also_o in_o the_o second_o part_n to_o their_o capital_n only_o there_o be_v a_o omission_n of_o the_o t_o and_o l._n word_n for_o they_o which_o will_v be_v render_v in_o agricola_n wa_n w_n wa_n warden_n l._n 1._o c._n 1._o t._n gwardein_n l._n guardianus_n a._n guardian_n and_o warden_n i_o intend_v a_o addition_n herein_o to_o show_v that_o the_o original_a of_o this_o word_n as_o to_o a_o official_a duty_n be_v first_o give_v to_o the_o warden_n of_o mine_n and_o that_o all_o other_o office_n which_o bear_v the_o title_n of_o warden_n be_v derivative_n from_o thence_o viz._n of_o the_o mine_n mint_n stannery_n church_n port_n fleet_n college_n and_o company_n which_o i_o shall_v hereafter_o enlarge_v and_o place_n according_a to_o their_o antiquity_n warm_a t._n warm_a and_o waerm_n l._n calidus_fw-la a._n warm_a that_o be_v to_o bring_v metal_n into_o a_o moderate_a warmth_n or_o heat_n wartz_n l._n 1._o c._n 35._o t._n wartz_n a._n the_o pin_n of_o the_o beam_n and_o these_o be_v little_a piece_n of_o iron_n like_o excrescency_n file_v out_o of_o the_o centre_n of_o the_o balance_n on_o each_o side_n of_o it_o which_o be_v fit_v for_o the_o two_o little_a hole_n of_o the_o fork_n whereby_o the_o balance_n be_v make_v capable_a to_o move_v and_o from_o hence_o our_o english_a word_n wart_n for_o excrescency_n on_o the_o hand_n or_o other_o part_n be_v use_v wash_v l._n 3._o c._n 2_o etc._n etc._n t._n washein_o l._n lavare_fw-la a._n lavation_n and_o wash_n now_o you_o may_v have_v a_o full_a account_n of_o the_o manner_n of_o wash_a metal_n in_o n._n n._n before_o recite_v waste_v t._n vermuesten_n l._n vastare_fw-la a._n to_o waste_v consume_v or_o lessen_v the_o bulk_n of_o metal_n water_n t._n wasser_n l._n aqua_fw-la ex_fw-la qua_fw-la omne_fw-la as_o scaliger_n and_o other_o more_o ancient_a philosopher_n define_v it_o see_v erckern_n in_o many_o part_n and_o this_o subject_n of_o water_n may_v afford_v many_o please_a discourse_n of_o we_o in_o england_n and_o of_o such_o also_o as_o be_v of_o great_a natural_a use_n in_o metallick_n operation_n beside_o artificial_a yield_v curious_a variety_n especial_o from_o some_o water_n in_o those_o country_n which_o do_v not_o consist_v of_o mine_n where_o the_o water_n only_o by_o heat_n of_o the_o sun_n without_o their_o fire_n do_v yield_v a_o perfect_a sediment_n of_o gold_n sands_n waver_v t._n schwenneken_fw-mi l._n vagilare_v a._n to_o wag_n to_o and_o fro_o see_v tremble_v wax_v t._n wachz_n l._n cera_n a._n wax_n see_v cement_n and_o glutination_n wether_n l._n 1._o c._n 34._o s_o 8._o t._n wet_a l._n aether_n this_o have_v great_a operation_n in_o metal_n for_o as_o the_o wether_n so_o metal_n be_v hard_a or_o more_o ductile_a etc._n etc._n weight_n l._n 1._o c._n 36_o etc._n etc._n on_o which_o subject_n i_o do_v intend_v to_o enlarge_v see_v measure_n and_o agricola_n de_fw-fr mensuris_fw-la well_o t._n brun_n l._n puteus_fw-la a._n wells_n for_o spring_n of_o water_n and_o call_v shaft_n for_o metallick_n wells_n see_v mine_n wheel_n for_o water_n l._n 4._o c._n 8._o t._n wasser-radst_a l._n haustrum_fw-la use_v for_o the_o raise_n of_o water_n out_o of_o spring_n or_o well_n with_o which_o the_o miner_n wash_v and_o purge_v the_o oar_n from_o the_o earth_n or_o rubbish_n and_o then_o the_o miner_n may_v say_v well_o the_o oar_n be_v well_o wash_v with_o well-water_n but_o of_o the_o description_n of_o the_o several_a sort_n of_o wheel_n you_o will_v see_v more_o in_o agricola_n whetstone_n l._n 1._o c_o 34._o s_o 9_o t._n wetzsteine_n l._n cos_n which_o be_v use_v to_o metallick_n instrument_n and_o to_o rub_v metal_n white_a t._n wize_n and_o blank_a l._n albus_n see_v in_o colour_n white_a wine_n t._n weine_n l._n vinum_fw-la of_o various_a sort_n and_o use_n in_o erckern_n see_v pliny_n wine_n stone_n see_v argol_n tartar_n wood_n t._n wald_n and_o haltz_n l._n lignum_fw-la a._n wood_n of_o several_a sort_n for_o metal_n see_v charcoal_n coal_n wool_n t._n will_v l._n lana_n use_v about_o metal_n wrinkle_v t._n runtzel_n l._n ruga_n that_o be_v metal_n not_o polite_a but_o shrivel_a distort_a and_o full_a of_o contract_a part_n unusual_a to_o its_o natural_a smoothness_n as_o in_o hand_n face_n etc._n etc._n wyre_n t._n kufforn_v dratt_v or_o copper_n draw_v l._n aurum_fw-la netum_fw-la i._n e._n gold_n wire_n or_o gold_n draw_v or_o spin_v out_o of_o gold_n and_o filum_fw-la auricalcum_fw-la or_o a_o kind_n of_o thread_n draw_v from_o copper_n a._n wyre_n but_o i_o find_v no_o monosyllable_n for_o it_o in_o any_o other_o language_n xa_fw-la x_o xe_v xanthus_n a_o precious_a stone_n which_o pliny_n l._n 37._o call_v also_o henui_n of_o great_a virtue_n to_o give_v success_n in_o man_n employment_n and_o consequent_o to_o metallick_n work_v erckern_n do_v not_o mention_v this_o but_o speak_v of_o hazelnut_n