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A94173 Ten lectures on the obligation of humane conscience Read in the divinity school at Oxford, in the year, 1647. By that most learned and reverend father in God, Doctor Robert Sanderson, Bishop of Lincoln. &c. Translated by Robert Codrington, Master of Arts. Sanderson, Robert, 1587-1663.; Codrington, Robert, 1601-1665. 1660 (1660) Wing S631; ESTC R227569 227,297 402

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defective_a in_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v beyond_o its_o sphere_n of_o which_o nature_n be_v the_o mystery_n of_o faith_n and_o weak_a in_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v a_o little_a more_o remote_a from_o those_o precept_n which_o be_v most_o universal_a in_o those_o case_n i_o say_v we_o must_v have_v recourse_n to_o the_o light_n of_o the_o word_n as_o to_o a_o light_n shine_v in_o a_o dark_a place_n 2_o pet._n 1._o 19_o to_o the_o law_n and_o the_o testimony_n if_o they_o speak_v not_o according_a to_o this_o word_n it_o be_v because_o there_o be_v no_o light_n in_o they_o ifa_n 8._o 20._o thy_o word_n be_v a_o lantern_n unto_o my_o foot_n and_o a_o light_n unto_o my_o path_n ps_n 119._o 105._o if_o i_o shall_v enlarge_v myself_o upon_o the_o perfection_n and_o the_o profit_n of_o this_o law_n there_o will_v be_v no_o end_n of_o my_o discourse_n see_v on_o this_o subject_a the_o nineteenth_o psalm_n where_o there_o you_o shall_v find_v much_o in_o few_o word_n and_o concise_o 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proper_a unto_o potentia_n but_o to_o habit_n to_o be_v obtain_v to_o be_v assume_v to_o be_v lay_v down_o or_o to_o be_v lose_v but_o man_n be_v say_v to_o find_v to_o lose_v to_o take_v up_o and_o to_o depose_v their_o conscience_n the_o conscience_n therefore_o be_v not_o a_o potentia_fw-la but_o a_o habit._n xvii_o i_o do_v therefore_o thus_o state_n it_o the_o conscience_n proper_o and_o formal_o and_o by_o a_o direct_a praedication_n be_v a_o habit_n yet_o notwithstanding_o it_o may_v be_v a_o potentia_n and_o that_o two_o way_n first_o material_o because_o it_o be_v in_o the_o potentia_fw-la as_o in_o the_o subject_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d that_o be_v to_o say_v in_o which_o second_o by_o approximation_n for_o be_v place_v as_o it_o be_v in_o the_o midst_n betwixt_o habitum_fw-la acquisitum_fw-la and_o puram_fw-la potentiam_fw-la a_o habit_n acquire_v and_o a_o pure_a potentia_fw-la it_o can_v assume_v the_o name_n of_o either_o as_o the_o medium_n do_v participate_v of_o 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a_o habit_n simple_o innate_a which_o no_o reasonable_a man_n will_v affirm_v for_o it_o be_v repugnant_a to_o nature_n but_o as_o partly_o as_o before_o mention_v it_o be_v innate_a so_o also_o it_o be_v partly_o acquire_v the_o soul_n of_o man_n do_v bring_v with_o it_o as_o it_o be_v some_o seed_n of_o knowledge_n of_o good_a and_o evil_a which_o grow_v up_o and_o be_v perfect_v by_o study_n and_o institution_n in_o the_o same_o manner_n natural_a agility_n be_v complete_v by_o exercise_n and_o natural_a logic_n by_o logic_n artificial_a the_o conscience_n therefore_o in_o respect_n of_o those_o moral_a agible_n which_o as_o the_o schoolman_n speak_v be_v of_o the_o first_o dictate_v of_o nature_n and_o be_v its_o primary_n object_n be_v a_o natural_a or_o a_o innate_a habit_n and_o be_v alike_o in_o all_o man_n and_o be_v always_o right_a without_o any_o error_n or_o depravation_n but_o in_o respect_n of_o those_o thing_n which_o be_v afterward_o learned_a and_o come_v close_o up_o unto_o those_o first_o principle_n 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d whether_o it_o be_v by_o a_o internal_a and_o proper_a meditation_n or_o a_o external_a institution_n it_o be_v a_o habit_n acquire_v and_o may_v be_v erroneous_a and_o defective_a xx._n but_o this_o be_v enough_o if_o not_o too_o much_o of_o the_o genus_fw-la of_o conscience_n i_o shall_v more_o brief_o dispatch_v the_o rest_n the_o second_o member_n of_o the_o definition_n be_v the_o subject_n which_o be_v twofold_a viz._n subjectum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d and_o subjectum_fw-la 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d the_o subject_a in_o which_o and_o the_o subject_a of_o which_o the_o subject_a 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d 〈◊〉_d or_o of_o which_o be_v man_n or_o rather_o a_o reasonable_a creature_n 29._o math._n 8_o 29._o if_o we_o will_v speak_v more_o exact_o for_o it_o be_v find_v in_o holy_a writ_n that_o the_o angel_n themselves_o be_v conscious_a of_o their_o rebellion_n 12._o james_n 11_o 12._o and_o of_o the_o punishment_n thereby_o due_a unto_o they_o 3._o 1_o corinth_n 6._o 3._o and_o that_o they_o know_v they_o shall_v be_v torment_v yet_o nevertheless_o they_o tremble_v at_o the_o reveal_v word_n of_o god_n as_o also_o that_o they_o be_v to_o be_v judge_v at_o the_o come_n of_o the_o lord_n and_o to_o give_v a_o account_n of_o all_o thing_n they_o have_v do_v but_o because_o it_o belong_v not_o much_o to_o this_o discourse_n to_o know_v the_o nature_n of_o angelic_a mind_n and_o it_o have_v please_v the_o most_o wise_a god_n to_o make_v but_o little_a mention_n of_o it_o in_o the_o scripture_n i_o have_v appropriate_v this_o definition_n of_o the_o conscience_n unto_o man_n only_o for_o although_o in_o brutish_a creature_n there_o appear_v a_o shadow_n of_o conscience_n as_o of_o reason_n and_o many_o thing_n be_v perform_v by_o they_o which_o do_v bear_v a_o show_n of_o justice_n and_o prudence_n as_o indeed_o what_o be_v report_v of_o elephant_n and_o of_o the_o policy_n of_o bee_n and_o dog_n and_o of_o some_o other_o live_v creature_n be_v much_o to_o be_v admire_v yet_o they_o be_v all_o but_o the_o work_n of_o the_o phantasy_n and_o not_o of_o reason_n and_o they_o proceed_v from_o a_o natural_a instinct_n and_o not_o from_o conscience_n man_n therefore_o be_v the_o proper_a subject_a as_o well_o of_o reason_n as_o of_o conscience_n and_o every_o man_n be_v so_o the_o very_a heathen_n the_o reprobate_n and_o even_a infant_n themselves_o be_v not_o exclude_v as_o for_o the_o heathen_n st._n paul_n rom._n 2._o 15._o express_o speak_v that_o they_o do_v show_v the_o work_n of_o the_o law_n to_o be_v write_v in_o their_o heart_n their_o conscience_n bear_v they_o witness_n and_o the_o same_o apostle_n tit._n 1_o 15._o declare_v that_o the_o filthy_a person_n have_v a_o conscience_n although_o a_o impure_a one_o for_o the_o
church_n do_v willing_o acknowledge_v and_o to_o open_v a_o door_n to_o the_o tradition_n of_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n and_o to_o take_v away_o all_o the_o force_n from_o the_o argument_n draw_v negative_o from_o the_o scripture_n which_o the_o ancient_a father_n of_o the_o church_n and_o the_o most_o learned_a of_o the_o divine_n of_o these_o time_n do_v very_o frequent_o make_v use_n of_o i_o make_v answer_n that_o the_o church_n of_o rome_n do_v derogate_v from_o the_o perfection_n of_o the_o scripture_n in_o this_o consideration_n that_o in_o the_o matter_n of_o faith_n and_o thing_n necessary_a to_o salvation_n they_o do_v thrust_v in_o their_o unwritten_a tradition_n to_o be_v receive_v with_o the_o same_o reverence_n as_o the_o write_a word_n of_o god_n as_o if_o it_o be_v not_o enough_o for_o the_o son_n of_o god_n to_o be_v wise_a unto_o salvation_n by_o have_v the_o new_a testament_n confer_v on_o they_o which_o be_v the_o inheritance_n leave_v they_o by_o their_o father_n but_o they_o must_v also_o have_v the_o vain_a book_n insert_v of_o humane_a tradition_n but_o as_o for_o those_o who_o do_v dispute_v negative_o from_o the_o scripture_n concern_v thing_n which_o be_v necessary_a to_o salvation_n either_o to_o be_v believe_v or_o practise_v let_v they_o make_v use_n of_o this_o argument_n as_o indeed_o they_o ought_v to_o do_v but_o there_o be_v no_o question_n here_o of_o the_o rule_n of_o faith_n but_o of_o the_o rule_n of_o conscience_n and_o not_o of_o the_o chief_a rule_n of_o it_o but_o of_o the_o adequate_a and_o not_o what_o be_v necessary_a for_o a_o christian_n to_o believe_v or_o practise_v to_o attain_v unto_o the_o salvation_n of_o the_o soul_n but_o what_o be_v lawful_a for_o a_o pious_a and_o prudent_a man_n to_o do_v lawful_o or_o to_o leave_v undo_v at_o such_o a_o time_n or_o in_o such_o a_o place_n the_o sum_n of_o all_o be_v that_o the_o holy_a scripture_n be_v the_o adequate_a rule_n of_o faith_n and_o of_o thing_n supernatural_o to_o be_v believe_v as_o also_o of_o all_o moral_a action_n so_o far_o as_o they_o be_v spiritual_a and_o ordain_v to_o a_o supernatural_a end_n and_o it_o be_v also_o the_o the_o law_n of_o conscience_n &_o the_o chief_a and_o supreme_a rule_n for_o the_o put_n of_o moral_a thing_n in_o practice_n so_o that_o where_o the_o scripture_n determine_v of_o any_o thing_n universal_o either_o by_o the_o way_n of_o precept_n or_o prohibition_n it_o be_v not_o lawful_a for_o any_o other_o law_n whatsoever_o to_o stand_v in_o opposition_n to_o it_o but_o it_o be_v not_o so_o to_o be_v understand_v to_o be_v the_o only_a law_n of_o conscience_n that_o what_o be_v not_o command_v there_o to_o be_v therefore_o present_o unlawful_a and_o thus_o much_o of_o the_o three_o conclusion_n xx._n the_o four_o follow_v the_o proper_a and_o adequate_a rule_n of_o conscience_n be_v the_o will_n of_o god_n in_o what_o way_n soever_o it_o be_v reveal_v unto_o men._n some_o call_v this_o the_o law_n of_o god_n other_o the_o eternal_a law_n the_o word_n differ_v in_o the_o sound_n but_o agree_v in_o the_o sense_n every_o part_n of_o this_o conclusion_n be_v to_o be_v weigh_v by_o itself_o in_o the_o first_o place_n i_o do_v say_v it_o be_v the_o will_n of_o god_n which_o by_o the_o schoolman_n though_o by_o some_o of_o they_o not_o right_o expound_v and_o by_o other_o of_o they_o not_o right_o apply_v be_v distinguish_v into_o voluntatem_fw-la beneplaciti_fw-la and_o voluntatem_fw-la signi_fw-la the_o will_n of_o the_o good_a pleasure_n and_o the_o will_n of_o the_o sign_n the_o first_o call_v the_o will_n of_o the_o good_a pleasure_n of_o god_n be_v that_o which_o god_n from_o all_o eternity_n do_v with_o himself_o resolve_v what_o he_o himself_o will_v do_v the_o other_o which_o be_v call_v the_o will_n of_o the_o sign_n be_v that_o by_o which_o god_n have_v give_v we_o a_o law_n by_o signify_v what_o he_o will_v have_v we_o to_o do_v the_o first_o be_v call_v the_o will_n of_o god_n proper_o and_o univocal_o the_o other_o improper_o and_o analogical_o the_o will_n of_o the_o good_a pleasure_n if_o it_o be_v lawful_a to_o speak_v of_o the_o majesty_n of_o god_n after_o the_o manner_n of_o man_n be_v in_o some_o respect_n a_o law_n unto_o god_n himself_o whereby_o he_o act_v for_o he_o always_o act_v that_o which_o be_v complacent_fw-la unto_o he_o but_o it_o be_v not_o give_v to_o we_o by_o god_n to_o be_v a_o law_n or_o to_o be_v a_o rule_n unto_o our_o conscience_n or_o at_o the_o least_o for_o the_o put_n of_o any_o thing_n into_o action_n in_o some_o respect_n indeed_o it_o may_v be_v say_v to_o pertain_v unto_o the_o conscience_n in_o regard_n of_o suffering_n but_o this_o be_v a_o posteriori_fw-la &_o from_o a_o after_o observation_n &_o in_o this_o sense_n that_o in_o conscience_n we_o be_v oblige_v with_o patience_n to_o endure_v all_o thing_n whatsoever_o shall_v befall_v we_o after_o that_o by_o the_o event_n it_o be_v manifest_a to_o we_o that_o god_n will_v have_v it_o so_o for_o rectify_a reason_n do_v dictate_v this_o unto_o we_o that_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o be_v displease_v at_o the_o method_n of_o the_o divine_a providence_n who_o can_v will_v nothing_o but_o that_o which_o be_v most_o righteous_a it_o remain_v therefore_o 71._o optimum_fw-la est_fw-la deum_fw-la quo_fw-la authore_fw-la omne_fw-la proveniunt_fw-la sine_fw-la murmuratione_fw-la concomitari_fw-la senec._n epistol_n 108_o placeat_fw-la homini_fw-la quicquid_fw-la deo_fw-la placuit_fw-la idem_n epist_n 71._o that_o the_o will_v be_v the_o rule_n of_o our_o conscience_n which_o be_v call_v the_o will_n of_o the_o sign_n for_o when_o god_n by_o prohibit_v and_o by_o command_v have_v signify_v what_o we_o ought_v to_o do_v and_o what_o we_o ought_v not_o to_o do_v it_o be_v our_o duty_n absolute_o to_o conform_v our_o will_n unto_o his_o will_n many_o thing_n among_o the_o schoolman_n be_v with_o unprofitable_a acuteness_n dispute_v on_o this_o subject_a viz._n whether_o and_o how_o far_o the_o will_n of_o the_o reasonable_a creature_n in_o a_o thing_n will_v be_v bind_v to_o conform_v itself_o to_o the_o will_n of_o the_o creator_n when_o the_o whole_a matter_n as_o much_o as_o belong_v to_o our_o business_n and_o the_o use_n of_o humane_a life_n may_v brief_o in_o one_o word_n be_v dispatch_v which_o be_v that_o we_o be_v always_o bind_v to_o will_n that_o which_o god_n will_v that_o we_o shall_v will_v thus_o when_o god_n command_v abraham_n to_o offer_v up_o his_o son_n isaac_n although_o god_n in_o the_o will_n of_o his_o good_a pleasure_n will_v not_o have_v have_v that_o do_v which_o at_o the_o same_o time_n he_o command_v to_o be_v do_v as_o by_o and_o by_o shall_v appear_v by_o the_o event_n yet_o abraham_n be_v bind_v to_o will_v the_o very_a same_o thing_n because_o god_n by_o command_v it_o do_v signify_v that_o it_o be_v his_o will_n that_o abraham_n shall_v have_v a_o will_n unto_o it_o xxi_o i_o say_v second_o the_o will_n of_o god_n reveal_v unto_o man_n because_o this_o reveal_v will_n be_v the_o formal_a cause_n and_o reason_n of_o the_o obligation_n for_o the_o will_n of_o god_n do_v not_o oblige_v those_o unto_o who_o it_o be_v not_o reveal_v and_o hence_o it_o be_v that_o the_o gentile_n to_o who_o the_o gospel_n be_v not_o preach_v be_v not_o bind_v to_o believe_v it_o or_o to_o have_v any_o faith_n in_o christ_n for_o there_o be_v no_o man_n that_o be_v bind_v to_o that_o which_o be_v impossible_a and_o it_o be_v impossible_a for_o that_o man_n to_o who_o the_o gospel_n have_v be_v never_o preach_v and_o who_o never_o have_v hear_v any_o thing_n of_o christ_n to_o believe_v either_o in_o christ_n or_o in_o the_o gospel_n see_v that_o the_o light_n of_o reason_n can_v ascend_v so_o high_a according_a to_o that_o of_o the_o apostle_n rom._n 10._o 15._o how_o shall_v they_o believe_v in_o he_o of_o who_o they_o have_v not_o hear_v and_o how_o shall_v they_o hear_v without_o a_o preacher_n and_o the_o same_o apostle_n think_v it_o not_o meet_v that_o other_o shall_v be_v judge_v by_o the_o law_n but_o those_o only_o who_o have_v sin_v in_o the_o law_n rom._n 11._o 12._o neither_o do_v this_o suffice_v to_o bring_v a_o obligation_n upon_o the_o conscience_n that_o the_o will_n of_o god_n be_v reveal_v to_o he_o unless_o it_o be_v reveal_v to_o he_o as_o the_o will_n of_o god_n in_o a_o peculiar_a reference_n to_o himself_o insomuch_o that_o if_o any_o of_o the_o gentile_n who_o be_v alien_n shall_v casual_o have_v meet_v with_o the_o book_n of_o moses_n and_o by_o read_v of_o they_o shall_v observe_v the_o commandment_n which_o be_v there_o give_v to_o the_o people_n of_o israel_n he_o have_v not_o present_o be_v oblige_v to_o the_o